1
|
Isbell E, Rodas De León NE, Richardson DM. Childhood family socioeconomic status is linked to adult brain electrophysiology. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307406. [PMID: 39163384 PMCID: PMC11335154 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
A large body of research has linked childhood family socioeconomic status (SES) to neurodevelopment in childhood and adolescence. However, it remains unclear to what extent childhood family SES relates to brain functioning in adulthood. To address this gap, the present study investigated the associations between retrospective accounts of objective and subjective childhood family SES and two well-established electrophysiological indices of brain functioning in adulthood-the MMN and P3b event-related potentials (ERP) components, as neural correlates of automatic change detection and cognitive control respectively. Higher objective childhood family SES, as proxied by parent educational attainment in childhood, was associated with larger (more positive) P3b amplitudes in adulthood. In contrast, there was no association between childhood parent educational attainment and the magnitude of MMN. Adult reports of subjective family SES during childhood were not related to the magnitude of MMN or P3b. These findings suggest that the links between childhood parent educational attainment and brain functioning may extend into adulthood, especially for brain functions supporting cognitive control. These results also imply that, when using retrospective accounts of childhood family SES, objective and subjective reports likely proxy different childhood experiences that have distinct links with specific neurodevelopmental outcomes, and that some of these links may not persist into adulthood. Our findings lay the groundwork for future investigations on how and why childhood family SES relates to brain functioning in adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Isbell
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Nancy E. Rodas De León
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Dylan M. Richardson
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zang E, Gibson-Davis C, Li H. Beyond Parental Wealth: Grandparental Wealth and the Transition to Adulthood. RESEARCH IN SOCIAL STRATIFICATION AND MOBILITY 2024; 89:100878. [PMID: 38283595 PMCID: PMC10810034 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
This study considers the multigenerational consequences of wealth transmission for the transition to young adulthood. Using a wider set of outcomes than has previously been considered, and by analyzing parental and grandparental wealth simultaneously, this work underscores the salience of multiple generations of wealth as a predictor for young adult well-being. Data comes from the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics on a sample of youth followed from mid-adolescence until the age of 20. Results from linear regression models indicate that parental wealth was associated with increases in the probability of college attendance and steady employment and inversely associated with the likelihood of nonmarital birth and idleness. Grandparental wealth predicted non-educational outcomes at least as well as parental wealth did and explained more variance in young adults' outcomes when parental wealth was lower. The association between parental wealth and non-educational outcomes suggest that wealth may inform young adults' broader life course by predicting outcomes other than college attendance. Grandparental wealth may serve a compensatory function for children with low parental wealth. Results suggest that persistently low wealth across multiple generations may impede the successful transition to young adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Zang
- Department of Sociology, Yale University
| | | | - Haolun Li
- Department of Economics, Princeton University
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Boudjemadi V, Świątkowski W, Vieira L, Carrier A, Rohmer O. "Old" Does Not Always Mean "Incompetent": The Implication of Respect in the Perception of Older People Subtypes. Can J Aging 2023; 42:475-484. [PMID: 37272532 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980823000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Building on the Stereotype Content Model, the present work examined the heterogeneity of the stereotypes about older people. We aimed to broaden the range of perceived predictors of competence in older people and included respect in addition to status. Seventeen subtypes were selected in a pilot study (n = 77). The main study was conducted on a French sample (n = 212) that took part in a self-reported survey. Cluster analysis showed that specific older people subtypes appear in three combinations of warmth and competence. Correlation and regression analyses showed that competition negatively predicts warmth, and that status positively predicts competence. In a substantial number of target groups, respect played a more important role than status in the perception of group competence. To sum up, this study suggests that the perceived competence of older people is not only related to perceived socio-economic status but also to the amount of respect they receive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luc Vieira
- Institute of Psychology, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Antonin Carrier
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Odile Rohmer
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Quansah F, Agormedah EK, Hagan JE, Frimpong JB, Ankomah F, Srem-Sai M, Dadaczynski K, Okan O, Schack T. Subjective social status and well-being of adolescents and young adults in Ghanaian schools: conditional process analysis. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:122. [PMID: 37072828 PMCID: PMC10111290 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the growing concern and interest in the mental health and well-being of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) including those in schools, many studies have explored the bivariate relationship between subjective social status (SSS) and AYAs' subjective well-being (SWB). Acknowledging the spurious nature of this relationship, we assessed the relationship between SSS and SWB of AYAs in schools within Northern Ghana, focusing on the conditional indirect effect of monetary resource (MR) and sense of coherence (SoC). METHODS We utilised a cross-sectional descriptive design to survey 1096 senior high school students from two regions in Ghana's Northern zone through a stratified sampling method. A questionnaire consisting of a number of calibrated standardized measures was used for the data collection. The data were processed using SPSS and PROCESS Macro and analysed using Hayes' conditional process analysis. RESULTS The results revealed that students' MR significantly moderated the relationships between SSS and SoC as well as SSS and SWB. A significant moderated mediation effect of MR and SoC on the relationship between SSS and SWB was found. Particularly, AYAs who reported higher levels of MRl, SSS and SoC reported a better SWB. CONCLUSION The findings underscore the relevance of providing sufficient financial support for students in secondary schools in Ghana; thus, highlighting the sheer relevance of economic capital as a leading factor for better well-being. The findings also place much emphasis on building students' personal coping mechanisms as a key variable in explaining how the students' SSS and MR translate into having positive mental health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Quansah
- Department of Educational Foundations, University of Education, Winneba, P. O. Box 25, Winneba, Ghana
| | - Edmond Kwesi Agormedah
- Department of Business & Social Sciences Education, University of Cape Coast, PMB Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - John Elvis Hagan
- Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, PMB Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
- Neurocognition and Action-Biomechanics-Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, Postfach 10 01 31, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - James Boadu Frimpong
- Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, PMB Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Francis Ankomah
- Department of Education and Psychology, University of Cape Coast, PMB Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Department of Education, SDA College of Education, P. O. Box AS 18, Asokore-Koforidua, Ghana
| | - Medina Srem-Sai
- Department of Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Sports, University of Education, Winneba, P. O. Box 25, Winneba, Ghana
| | - Kevin Dadaczynski
- Department of Health Science, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, 36037, Fulda, Germany
- Centre for Applied Health Science, Leuphana University Lueneburg, 21335, Lueneburg, Germany
| | - Orkan Okan
- Department of Sports and Health Science, Technical University Munich, 80992, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Schack
- Neurocognition and Action-Biomechanics-Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, Postfach 10 01 31, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou J, Guo W, Ren H. Subjective social status and health among older adults in China: the longitudinal mediating role of social trust. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:630. [PMID: 37013502 PMCID: PMC10068244 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15523-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND From a developmental perspective, this study explored the interplays between subjective social status (SSS), social trust (ST), and health status measured by self-rated health (SRH) among older adults in the context of China. It also tested the longitudinal mediation of ST between SSS and SRH. METHODS After excluding samples with missing values, we analyzed 4,877 individual responses from those aged 60 years or older, extracted from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data in 2014, 2016, and 2018. We used latent growth modeling to test the hypothesized relationships among their SSS, ST, and SRH. RESULTS Latent growth modeling based on bootstrapping showed that the SSS, ST, and SRH of older adults all increased linearly and that the mechanism of SSS acted on the SRH as follows: the initial level of SSS indirectly influenced the initial level and the growth rate of the SRH, respectively, through the initial level of ST, and the initial level and growth rate of SSS played an indirect role in the growth rate of the SRH through the growth rate of ST. CONCLUSION The findings have practical implications for promoting health for older adults and realizing active aging in China. Therefore, we recommend establishing a family-centered and community-supported social support system for those with lower social status among older adults and a friendly community environment with various social, cultural, and recreational activities to improve the ST among older adults, thereby improving their health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhou
- School of Sociology and Population Studies, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
- The Centre for Asia-Pacific Development Studies, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hang Ren
- Institute of Population Studies, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mijs JJB, Nieuwenhuis J. Adolescents' future in the balance of family, school, and the neighborhood: A multidimensional application of two theoretical perspectives. SOCIAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY 2022; 103:534-549. [PMID: 35909797 PMCID: PMC9310715 DOI: 10.1111/ssqu.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective Family, school, and neighborhood contexts provide cultural resources that may foster children's ambitions and bolster their academic performance. Reference group theory instead highlights how seemingly positive settings can depress educational aspirations, expectations, and performance. We test these competing claims. Methods We test these claims using the British Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (N = 4968). Results Results are broadly in line with the cultural resource perspective. However, important exceptions to this pattern point to reference group processes for children from low-educated parents, whose academic aspirations are especially low when they either attended an affluent school or lived in an affluent neighborhood-but not both, and for children from highly educated parents attending poor schools, whose realistic expectations of the future are higher than their peers in affluent schools. Conclusion The resource perspective strongly predicts adolescents' (ideas about) education, but reference group processes also play an important role in neighborhoods and schools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J. B. Mijs
- Department of SociologyBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Public Administration and SociologyErasmus University RotterdamRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Jaap Nieuwenhuis
- Department of SociologyUniversity of Groningen, Groningenthe Netherlands
- Department of SociologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Prior S, Renaud K. The impact of financial deprivation on children's cybersecurity knowledge & abilities. EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES 2022; 27:10563-10583. [PMID: 35464112 PMCID: PMC9013633 DOI: 10.1007/s10639-022-10908-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Online users require a working knowledge of password "best practice", as well as the ability to apply such knowledge. Children increasingly operate as independent agents online, and thus also need to be aware of password "best practice". To meet this need, the Scottish curriculum for excellence includes lessons about password "best practice". Hence, all Scottish children ought, theoretically, to have similar levels of password-related knowledge. They ought also, by age 8-9, to be able to apply their knowledge. One factor that could deter password-related knowledge acquisition and skill development is financial deprivation. To gauge its impact, we assessed the knowledge and abilities of Scottish 8-9 year old children, in four primary schools, in areas of varying financial deprivation. We uncovered stark differences in knowledge and password retention. There is a clear need for an extra-curricular intervention programme to teach up-to-date password "best practice" and support in developing the required password management skills. This will reduce their online vulnerabilities, whatever their socio-economic background.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Renaud
- University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- Abertay University, Dundee, UK
- Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
- University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gibson-Davis C, Keister LA, Gennetian LA, Lowell W. Net Worth Poverty and Child Development. SOCIUS : SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH FOR A DYNAMIC WORLD 2022; 8:10.1177/23780231221111672. [PMID: 36926365 PMCID: PMC10016626 DOI: 10.1177/23780231221111672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The authors investigate whether net worth poverty (NWP) reduces children's well-being. NWP-having wealth (assets minus debts) less than one fourth of the federal poverty line-is both theoretically and empirically distinct from income poverty (IP) and is the modal form of poverty among children. Data come from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and its Child Development Supplement on children ages 3 to 17 years observed between 2002 and 2019. The authors use linear mixed-effects models to investigate the associations among NWP, IP, and four cognitive and behavioral outcomes. NWP reduces children's cognitive scores and was associated with increases in both problem behavior scores. Negative associations for NWP are similar in magnitude to those found for IP. Much of the NWP effect operates through asset deprivation rather than high debt. The results illustrate the potential risks many children, previously overlooked in studies of IP, face because of wealth deprivation.
Collapse
|
9
|
When adolescents believe that SES can be changed, they achieve more: The role of growth mindset of SES. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
10
|
Gibson-Davis C, Hill HD. Childhood Wealth Inequality in the United States: Implications for Social Stratification and Well-Being. THE RUSSELL SAGE FOUNDATION JOURNAL OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES : RSF 2021; 7:1-26. [PMID: 34729421 PMCID: PMC8559115 DOI: 10.7758/rsf.2021.7.3.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather D Hill
- Daniel J. Evans School of Public Policy and Governance at the University of Washington, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mistry RS, Elenbaas L. It's All in the Family: Parents' Economic Worries and Youth's Perceptions of Financial Stress and Educational Outcomes. J Youth Adolesc 2021; 50:724-738. [PMID: 33515373 PMCID: PMC7847230 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-021-01393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Perceived economic stress and lower subjective social status (SSS) have adverse effects on parents' and adolescents' emotional well-being, but less is known about associations with academic adjustment among preadolescent youth. This study examined associations between SSS, perceived economic stress about needs and wants, and academic adjustment among preadolescents and early adolescents (n = 136, ages 8 to 14 years, 44% girls, 61% White) and their parents (n = 164, majority middle- to higher SES). Overall, youth who worried more about their family's economic needs had lower academic achievement and youth who reported lower SSS had lower academic motivation. No significant differences were observed in the strength of associations between parent and youth perceptions and academic outcomes for early adolescents versus preadolescents.
Collapse
|
12
|
Rahal D, Huynh V, Cole S, Seeman T, Fuligni A. Subjective social status and health during high school and young adulthood. Dev Psychol 2020; 56:1220-1232. [PMID: 32223295 DOI: 10.1037/dev0000919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although many facets of social status (i.e., socioeconomic status, gender, race) are fairly stable, limited work has assessed how youths' identification with their status changes over time. Subjective social status (SSS) refers to one's perception of standing or rank relative to others, and for youth status is generally in the context of society or school. The current study assessed how adolescents' SSS in American society and in their school changes and predicts health and well-being during and after high school. A total of 336 adolescents (Mage = 16.40 at Wave 1) reported their SSS at up to three time points, each 2 years apart, such that youth provided data between the 10th grade and 3 years following the transition from high school. Piecewise multilevel modeling was used, including discontinuities to assess the importance of the transition from high school. Society SSS decreased across the period, especially among youth with lower family income, youth whose parents reported lower SSS, and youth who did not attend college. School SSS was stable during high school, declined after 12th grade, and remained stable thereafter. Moderation analyses revealed that school SSS declines more consistently among female adolescents than male adolescents and Latinos relative to other ethnic groups. Lower society and school SSS were associated with more depressive symptoms and greater likelihood of obesity, highlighting the relevance of SSS for health during this important developmental transition. Results suggest declines in SSS are especially common among disadvantaged groups as they age, and that lower SSS may indicate risk for poorer health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danny Rahal
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Virginia Huynh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Development, California State University, Northridge
| | - Steve Cole
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Teresa Seeman
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Andrew Fuligni
- Department of Psychology, Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California, Los Angeles
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Brown CS, Mistry RS, Yip T. Moving from the Margins to the Mainstream: Equity and Justice as Key Considerations for Developmental Science. CHILD DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES 2019; 13:235-240. [PMID: 33828612 DOI: 10.1111/cdep.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, most children face marginalization and societal inequities to varying degrees. For developmental science to have both scientific and societal value, scientists must account for the impact of societal inequities, regardless of the focus of their research. In this article, we illustrate how equity and justice are relevant for all children. We also argue that equity and justice are essential components for all developmental science and should be the basis for how we evaluate scientific rigor. Ignoring equity and justice issues perpetuates biases within the field and limits our understanding of developmental processes. We offer graduated recommendations for all developmental scientists to consider, starting with minimal standards for inclusion and descriptions of participants, and continuing with guidance for articulating what mechanisms lead to observed differences. We also urge researchers to examine why and how social inequities and contexts shape their focal domain of developmental science.
Collapse
|
14
|
Waldhauer J, Kuntz B, Lampert T. [Differences in subjective health, mental health, and health behavior among 11- to 17-year-olds at secondary schools in Germany : Results of the German health interview and examination survey for children and adolescents: first follow-up (KiGGS Wave 1)]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2019; 61:374-384. [PMID: 29470591 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-018-2704-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social inequalities in health can already be found among children and adolescents to the disadvantage of socially deprived population groups. This paper aims to detect, whether differences in subjective health, mental health and health behavior among young people are due to the secondary school type attended and whether these associations exist independently of the family's socioeconomic position (SEP). METHODS The data basis was the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS Wave 1, 2009-2012). Data of 11- to 17-year-old girls and boys (n = 4665) who attend different types of secondary schools in Germany were analyzed. The dependent variables were self-rated health, findings of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for the detection of psychological abnormalities, as well as self-reported information regarding leisure sport, tobacco, and alcohol consumption. Prevalence and odds ratios (ORs) based on logistic regressions are shown. RESULTS For the majority of the examined indicators, it can be shown that adolescents in lower secondary schools are more likely to report worse self-rated health and mental problems and engage in unhealthy behavior than peers in grammar schools ("Gymnasium"). The differences decrease after controlling for family's SEP but mostly remain statistically significant. Adolescents who don't attend grammar schools are most strongly disadvantaged in terms of inattention/hyperactivity for both gender (OR: 2.29 [1.70-3.08]), smoking among girls (2.91 [1.85-4.57]) and physical inactivity (no leisure sport) among boys (OR: 2.71 [1.85-3.95]). DISCUSSION Unequal health opportunities should be viewed in relation to people's living conditions. For adolescents, school constitutes an important setting for learning, experience, and health. The results indicate divergent needs of school-based health promotion and prevention regarding differences among gender and type of school.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Waldhauer
- Fachgebiet Soziale Determinanten der Gesundheit, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, General-Pape-Str. 62-66, 12101, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - Benjamin Kuntz
- Fachgebiet Soziale Determinanten der Gesundheit, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, General-Pape-Str. 62-66, 12101, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Thomas Lampert
- Fachgebiet Soziale Determinanten der Gesundheit, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, General-Pape-Str. 62-66, 12101, Berlin, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Destin M, Rheinschmidt-Same M, Richeson JA. Implications of intersecting socioeconomic and racial-ethnic identities for academic achievement and well-being. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2019; 57:149-167. [PMID: 31296314 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The evolving study of identity development has become increasingly attentive to the ways that young people think about their socioeconomic and racial-ethnic identities. The status-based identity framework provides one way to analyze the implications of these dynamic identities, particularly as people approach young adulthood. For students from low socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds, the experience of socioeconomic mobility can accompany an aversive sense of uncertainty about their own SES, termed status uncertainty, with potential negative implications for their academic behaviors and outcomes. A longitudinal study and experiment demonstrate some of these consequences and suggest how intersections between socioeconomic and racial-ethnic identities may be associated with well-being. This perspective on the dynamic identities of young people calls for consistent attention to the various levels of context that can be leveraged to support positive development, effective goal pursuit, and desired life trajectories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mesmin Destin
- Department of Psychology, School of Education & Social Policy, Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Caravita SCS, Stefanelli S, Mazzone A, Cadei L, Thornberg R, Ambrosini B. When the bullied peer is native‐born vs. immigrant: A mixed‐method study with a sample of native‐born and immigrant adolescents. Scand J Psychol 2019; 61:97-107. [DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Angela Mazzone
- National Anti‐Bullying Research and Resource Centre, Institute of Education, Dublin City University Dublin Ireland
| | - Livia Cadei
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Brescia Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rivenbark JG, Copeland WE, Davisson EK, Gassman-Pines A, Hoyle RH, Piontak JR, Russell MA, Skinner AT, Odgers CL. Perceived social status and mental health among young adolescents: Evidence from census data to cellphones. Dev Psychol 2019; 55:574-585. [PMID: 30802108 DOI: 10.1037/dev0000551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents in the United States live amid high levels of concentrated poverty and increasing income inequality. Poverty is robustly linked to adolescents' mental health problems; however, less is known about how perceptions of their social status and exposure to local area income inequality relate to mental health. Participants consisted of a population-representative sample of over 2,100 adolescents (ages 10-16), 395 of whom completed a 14-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study. Participants' subjective social status (SSS) was assessed at the start of the EMA, and mental health symptoms were measured both at baseline for the entire sample and daily in the EMA sample. Adolescents' SSS tracked family, school, and neighborhood economic indicators (|r| ranging from .12 to .30), and associations did not differ by age, race, or gender. SSS was independently associated with mental health, with stronger associations among older (ages 14-16) versus younger (ages 10-13) adolescents. Adolescents with lower SSS reported higher psychological distress and inattention problems, as well as more conduct problems, in daily life. Those living in areas with higher income inequality reported significantly lower subjective social status, but this association was explained by family and neighborhood income. Findings illustrate that adolescents' SSS is correlated with both internalizing and externalizing mental health problems, and that by age 14 it becomes a unique predictor of mental health problems. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - William E Copeland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Rick H Hoyle
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University
| | | | - Michael A Russell
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cardel MI, Tong S, Pavela G, Dhurandhar E, Miller D, Boles R, Haemer M. Youth Subjective Social Status (SSS) is Associated with Parent SSS, Income, and Food Insecurity but not Weight Loss Among Low-Income Hispanic Youth. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:1923-1930. [PMID: 30421861 PMCID: PMC6249075 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Subjective social status (SSS), perceived rank in the social ladder, is associated with weight, but determinants of SSS in youth remain unknown. Relationships between youth SSS and income, food insecurity, parent SSS, and BMI change were investigated during an obesity intervention. METHODS Data came from a family-centered, community-based obesity intervention for low-income families. Parent and youth SSS were assessed using a validated, age-appropriate SSS scale. Food insecurity and socioeconomic factors were assessed in parents; child and parent weight-related data were measured at baseline and post intervention. RESULTS Participants included 110 primarily Hispanic (97%) low-income youth and their parents. Food insecurity was reported in 66.4% of families. Youth SSS was positively associated with parent SSS (P = 0.0014). In both parents and children, the association between income and SSS was moderated by food insecurity such that lower income was more strongly associated with lower SSS among food-insecure households (P = 0.0286 and P = 0.0327, respectively). Youth SSS was not associated with youth BMI reduction. CONCLUSIONS Youth SSS was not predictive of weight loss in this intervention. Intriguingly, the association between income and SSS was modified by food insecurity, suggesting that food insecurity shapes the contribution of socioeconomic factors to one's perceived social status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle I. Cardel
- University of Florida, Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical
Informatics, PO Box 100147, Gainesville, FL 32610, 352-273-8811,
| | - Suhong Tong
- University of Colorado Denver, Department of Biostatistics and
Informatics, Building 500, Room N2227A, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
80045
| | - Greg Pavela
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Health Behavior,
School of Public Health, 227K RPHB, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham,
AL 35294,
| | - Emily Dhurandhar
- Texas Tech University, Department of Kinesiology and Sport
Management, Box 43011, Lubbock, TX 79409, 806-834-6556,
| | - Darci Miller
- University of Florida, Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical
Informatics, PO Box 100147, Gainesville, FL 32610, 352-294-5980,
| | - Richard Boles
- University of Colorado Denver, Department of Pediatrics, Section of
Nutrition, 12631 East 17 Avenue, Mailstop F561, Aurora,
Colorado 80045, 303-724-3312,
| | - Matthew Haemer
- University of Colorado Denver, Department of Pediatrics, Section of
Nutrition, 12631 East 17 Avenue, Mailstop F561, Aurora,
Colorado 80045, 303-724-3312,
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Flores AJ, Chavez TA, Bolger N, Casad BJ. RETRACTED: Cardiovascular and Self-Regulatory Consequences of SES-Based Social Identity Threat. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2018; 45:700-714. [DOI: 10.1177/0146167218795157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
20
|
Martin-Storey A, Marcellin S, Purtell KM, Tougas AM, Lessard A. "It's about having money, but also happiness:" A qualitative investigation of how adolescents understand subjective status in themselves and others. J Adolesc 2018; 68:198-206. [PMID: 30118950 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding why adolescent subjective assessments of status matter to their psychosocial outcomes over and above objective assessments of socioeconomic status (SES) requires a better comprehension of how adolescents construct status in themselves and others. Using a qualitative approach, the goal of the current study was to better understand what factors adolescents use to assign status, and how their perceptions of this status vary according to their own SES. METHOD Qualitative interviews were conducted with 32 adolescents from Quebec, Canada, from varied socioeconomic backgrounds. In particular, they were shown the ladder from the Subjective Social Status Scale and asked what defined scale placement in their communities. They were also asked where they would place themselves on this scale, and why. RESULTS The importance of traditional indicators of SES such as money, educational level, and occupational prestige were underlined by almost all adolescents, but other factors (e.g., wellbeing, family life, values concerning work, other-orientation, or rule-following) were also frequently discussed. Adolescents used similar criteria in the placement of themselves and others. Contradictions often emerged, however, as adolescents' scale placement was often higher than what would be expected based on traditional SES indicators. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide a starting point for understanding why adolescents' subjective assessments of status may matter above and beyond traditional assessments of SES, and how we can better measure this construct.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Martin-Storey
- Département de Psychoéducation, Université De Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Sarah Marcellin
- Département de Psychoéducation, Université De Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kelly M Purtell
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Tougas
- Département de Psychoéducation, Université De Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne Lessard
- Département de Études en Adaptation Scolaire et Sociale, Université De Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Santos MDO, Barbosa DG, Rebelatto CF, Beltrame TS, Felden ÉPG. Status social subjetivo na escola e nas aulas de educação física. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CIÊNCIAS DO ESPORTE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbce.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
|
22
|
Odgers CL, Adler NE. Challenges for Low-Income Children in an Era of Increasing Income Inequality. CHILD DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/cdep.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
23
|
Odgers CL. Income inequality and the developing child: Is it all relative? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 70:722-31. [PMID: 26618957 DOI: 10.1037/a0039836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Children from low-income families are at heightened risk for a number of poor outcomes, including depression, antisocial behavior, poor physical health, and educational failure. Growing up in poverty is generally seen as toxic for children. However, less is known about how the "economic distance" between children and their peers influences behavior and health. This article examines how both poverty and the growing divide between low-income children and their peers may be influencing low-income children's life chances. Among wealthy nations, children in countries with higher levels of income inequality consistently fare worse on multiple indices of health, educational attainment, and well-being. New research also suggests that low-income children may be experiencing worse outcomes, and a form of "double disadvantage," when they live and attend school alongside more affluent versus similarly positioned peers. The role of subjective social status in explaining why some low-income children appear to suffer when growing up alongside more affluent peers is explored, alongside a call for additional research focused on how children come to understand, and respond to, their perceived social status. (PsycINFO Database Record
Collapse
|
24
|
Zou H, Chen Y, Fang W, Zhang Y, Fan X. The mediation effect of health literacy between subjective social status and depressive symptoms in patients with heart failure. J Psychosom Res 2016; 91:33-39. [PMID: 27894460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Depressive symptoms are prevalent and cause adverse outcomes in heart failure. Previous studies have linked depressive symptoms with socioeconomic status. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this relationship. This study aimed to evaluate the association between socioeconomic status and depressive symptoms, and to examine whether access to healthcare, health literacy and social support mediated this relationship in patients with heart failure. METHODS Cross-sectional design was used to study 321 patients with heart failure recruited from a general hospital. Demographics, clinical data, depressive symptoms, socioeconomic status (i.e., education, employment, income, and subjective social status), access to healthcare, health literacy, and social support were collected by patient interview, medical record review or questionnaires. A series of logistic regressions and linear regressions were conducted to examine mediation. RESULTS The mean age of patients with heart failure was 63.6±10.6years. Fifty-eight patients (18%) had depressive symptoms. Lower subjective social status (OR=1.321, p=0.012) and lower health literacy (OR=1.065, p<0.001) were separately associated with depressive symptoms. When subjective social status and health literacy were entered simultaneously, the relationship between subjective social status and depressive symptoms became non-significant (OR=1.208, p=0.113), demonstrating mediation. Additionally, lower social support was associated with depressive symptoms (OR=1.062, p=0.007). CONCLUSIONS In patients with heart failure, health literacy mediated the relationship between subjective social status and depressive symptoms. Lower social support was associated with depressive symptoms. Interventions should take these factors into account.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijing Zou
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Yuxia Chen
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Wenjie Fang
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Yanting Zhang
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Xiuzhen Fan
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Vilhjalmsdottir A, Gardarsdottir RB, Bernburg JG, Sigfusdottir ID. Neighborhood income inequality, social capital and emotional distress among adolescents: A population-based study. J Adolesc 2016; 51:92-102. [PMID: 27337213 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Theory holds that income inequality may harm adolescent mental health by reducing social capital within neighborhood communities. However, research on this topic has been very limited. We use multilevel data on 102 public schools and 5958 adolescents in Iceland (15 and 16 years old) to examine whether income inequality within neighborhoods is associated with emotional distress in adolescents. Moreover, we test whether indicators of social capital, including social trust and embeddedness in neighborhood social networks, mediate this contextual effect. The findings show that neighborhood income inequality positively influences emotional distress of individual adolescents, net of their personal household situations and social relations. However, although the indicators of social capital negatively influence emotional distress, they do not mediate the contextual effect of neighborhood income inequality. The study illustrates the role of economic disparities in adolescent mental health, but calls for more research on the underlying social and social-psychological mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jon Gunnar Bernburg
- University of Iceland, Faculty of Social Science, Oddi, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sweeting H, Hunt K. Adolescent socio-economic and school-based social status, health and well-being. Soc Sci Med 2014; 121:39-47. [PMID: 25306408 PMCID: PMC4222198 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Studies of adults and adolescents suggest subjective socio-economic status (SES) is associated with health/well-being even after adjustment for objective SES. In adolescence, objective SES may have weaker relationships with health/well-being than at other life stages; school-based social status may be of greater relevance. We investigated the associations which objective SES (residential deprivation and family affluence), subjective SES and three school-based subjective social status dimensions (“SSS-peer”, “SSS-scholastic” and “SSS-sports”) had with physical symptoms, psychological distress and anger among 2503 Scottish 13–15 year-olds. Associations between objective SES and health/well-being were weak and inconsistent. Lower subjective SES was associated with increased physical symptoms and psychological distress, lower SSS-peer with increased psychological distress but reduced anger, lower SSS-scholastic with increased physical symptoms, psychological distress and anger, and lower SSS-sports with increased physical symptoms and psychological distress. Associations did not differ by gender. Objective and subjective SES had weaker associations with health/well-being than did school-based SSS dimensions. These findings underline the importance of school-based SSS in adolescence, and the need for future studies to include a range of school-based SSS dimensions and several health/well-being measures. They also highlight the need for a focus on school-based social status among those working to promote adolescent health/well-being. We examined associations between adolescent social status and several health measures. Models included objective and subjective socio-economic status and school peer, scholastic and sports status. School status had stronger associations with health than did socio-economic status. Different school status dimensions and health measures were associated in different ways. Studies should include a range of school status dimensions and health measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Sweeting
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, 200, Renfield Street, Glasgow G2 3QB, UK.
| | - Kate Hunt
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, 200, Renfield Street, Glasgow G2 3QB, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Subjective social status (SSS) predicts health outcomes above and beyond traditional objective measures of social status, such as education, income and occupation. This review summarizes and integrates recent findings on SSS and health. RECENT FINDINGS Current studies corroborate associations between low SSS and poor health indicators by extending previous findings to further populations and biological risk factors, providing meta-analytic evidence for adolescents and by demonstrating that negative affect may not confound associations between SSS and self-rated health. Recent findings also highlight the relevance of SSS changes (e.g. SSS loss in immigrants) and the need to consider cultural/ethnical differences in psychological mediators and associations between SSS and health. SUMMARY SSS is a comprehensive measure of one's social position that is related to several poor health outcomes and risk factors for disease. Future investigation, particularly prospective studies, should extend research on SSS and health to further countries/ethnic groups, also considering additional psychological and biological mediators and dynamic aspects of SSS. Recently developed experimental approaches to manipulate SSS may also be promising.
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
The primary aim of the current paper is to explore ways in which organizations can benefit from virtual environments to expand their social and professional spheres. Applying the theory of third places to virtual worlds, our conceptual model incorporates practical organizational affordances within three composite dimensions. First, we propose that through their unique, supportive and neutral environments, virtual worlds may reduce the prevalence of social hierarchies, via decreasing the emphasis on predetermined ranks, stereotypes, and cultural or geographic variation. Second, we posit that via encouraging open communication within the form of synchronous and real-time interactions, virtual worlds enable efficient teamwork and collaborative learning. Finally, we emphasize that these friendly, secure, and supportive environments may contribute to the reduction of certain work-related stressors, and in turn promote professional development activities. We conclude by discussing practical implications and future research directions.
Collapse
|