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Gu KD, Cheng J, Fung V, Levy DE, McGovern S, McCurley JL, Clark CR, Thorndike AN. Association of food insecurity with changes in diet quality, weight, and glycemia over two years in adults with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes on medicaid. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:16. [PMID: 38594250 PMCID: PMC11003964 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00273-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Little is known about longitudinal associations between food insecurity (FI) and diet, weight, and glycemia in people with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In a secondary analysis of Medicaid-enrolled health center patients with prediabetes or T2D in Boston, Massachusetts (N = 188), we examined associations between food security (FS) and measures of diet quality, weight, and hyperglycemia. FS (10-item USDA FS module) was ascertained at baseline, 1-year, and 2-year follow-up and categorized as persistently secure, intermittently insecure, or persistently insecure. Associations between FS category and changes in Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-20), body mass index (BMI), and hemoglobin A1c (A1c) from baseline to year 2 were assessed using multivariate generalized linear models. Participants had median (p25, p75) age of 52 (42, 57); 71.8% were female and 62.8% Hispanic. Over follow-up, 32.4% were persistently food secure, 33.0% intermittently insecure, and 34.5% persistently insecure. Baseline mean (SD) HEI-20, BMI, and A1c were 55.8 (14.5), 35.9 (8.7) kg/m2, 7.1% (1.6) and did not differ by FS category. FS category was not associated with changes in HEI-20, BMI, and A1c at 2 years (all p > 0.05). Results suggest that Medicaid-enrolled adults with prediabetes or T2D, regardless of FS status, would benefit from dietary and weight management interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine D Gu
- Division of Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jessica Cheng
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vicki Fung
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Mongan Institute Health Policy Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Douglas E Levy
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Mongan Institute Health Policy Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sydney McGovern
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica L McCurley
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Cheryl R Clark
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne N Thorndike
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Sheikh S, Barolia R, Habib A, Azam I, Qureshi R, Iqbal R. "If the food is finished after my brother eats then we (girls) sleep hungry." Food insecurity and dietary diversity among slum-dwelling adolescent girls and boys in Pakistan: A mixed methods study. Appetite 2024; 195:107212. [PMID: 38242362 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
To explore gender differences in food insecurity (FI) and minimum dietary diversity (MDD) among adolescent girls and boys in a slum community in Karachi, we employed an explanatory sequential mixed methods study that included a survey of 391 girls and boys of 10-19 years of age and followed by semi-structured interviews of eight purposely selected food insecure adolescents. Survey data was analyzed by Cox proportional algorithm and adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for associated factors of FI and thematic analysis was undertaken for qualitative work. Meta inferences for mixed methods study were drawn by joint display analysis of survey results juxtaposed to qualitative findings. Overall, FI among adolescents was prevalent (46.5%) which was not different between boys (52.7%) and girls (47.3%) (APR 0.8, (95% CI 0.6, 1.2); p-value-0.4). MDD (5/10 food groups consumed) was achieved by only 23.0% and it was also not different between boys (25.1%) and girls (20.9%) (p-value-0.3). The survey found no significant difference in FI and MDD between boys and girls however, qualitative findings provided insight into the cultural practices at mealtimes that prefer boys. Qualitative results contrasted the survey results and revealed the increased vulnerability of girls towards FI and low MDD compared to boys due to gender norms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Sheikh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gyanecology, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Rubina Barolia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Atif Habib
- Department of Peadiatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Iqbal Azam
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Rahat Qureshi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gyanecology, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Romaina Iqbal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Bofa A, Zewotir T. Key predictors of food security and nutrition in Africa: a spatio-temporal model-based study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:885. [PMID: 38519902 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18368-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
There is voluminous literature on Food Security in Africa. This study explicitly considers the spatio-temporal factors in addition to the usual FAO-based metrics in modeling and understanding the dynamics of food security and nutrition across the African continent. To better understand the complex trajectory and burden of food insecurity and nutrition in Africa, it is crucial to consider space-time factors when modeling and interpreting food security. The spatio-temporal anova model was found to be superior(employing statistical criteria) to the other three models from the spatio-temporal interaction domain models. The results of the study suggest that dietary supply adequacy, food stability, and consumption status are positively associated with severe food security, while average food supply and environmental factors have negative effects on Food Security and Nutrition. The findings also indicate that severe food insecurity and malnutrition are spatially and temporally correlated across the African continent. Spatio-temporal modeling and spatial mapping are essential components of a comprehensive practice to reduce the burden of severe food insecurity. likewise, any planning and intervention to improve the average food supply and environment to promote sustainable development should be regional instead of one size fit all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adusei Bofa
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville campus, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Temesgen Zewotir
- School of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu Natal, Westville campus, Oliver Tambo Building, Durban, South Africa
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Nabuuma D, Ekesa B, Faber M, Mbhenyane X. Designing a Contextualized Food-Based Strategy to Improve the Dietary Diversity of Children in Rural Farming Households in Central Uganda. Food Nutr Bull 2024; 45:24-37. [PMID: 38661354 PMCID: PMC11047017 DOI: 10.1177/03795721241240854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food-based strategies have a high potential of improving the diet quality and reducing the prevalence of nutrient deficiencies in agriculture-dependent communities. Their design is however complex with trade-offs that are rarely systematically presented to allow replication and efficient contextualization. OBJECTIVE The systematic design of a food-based strategy to improve the dietary diversity of children in rural farming communities in Uganda. METHODS The intervention mapping protocol was used to provide a systematic approach to developing theory-based and evidence-based intervention methods and strategy. RESULTS The priority behavioral and environmental determinants identified were related to food production, consumption, and efficacy while the personal determinants focused on knowledge, skills, self-efficacy, attitude, and outcome expectations. The aim of the resulting strategy was set to improve the availability, accessibility, and consumption of diverse foods, with a particular focus on production diversity, production practices, market access, and market diversity. Behaviour change methods were selected to enhance ability and self-efficacy, strategic goal setting, and provision of feedback. The strategy focused on household groups for learning, demonstration, practice, and social support. The validation showed that the determinants and actors incorporated in the strategy were important and relevant for improving the productivity, food availability, dietary diversity, livelihoods, and health of rural farming households and communities. CONCLUSION Application of the protocol yielded a contextualized food-based strategy that can be adjusted for use in other smallholder contexts in developing countries by piloting implementation plans based on the strategy; reassessing the key determinants and implementing the revised strategy; or replicating the whole design process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Nabuuma
- Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Beatrice Ekesa
- Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Mieke Faber
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
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Sharma V, Sharma R. Food is Medicine Initiative for Mitigating Food Insecurity in the United States. J Prev Med Public Health 2024; 57:96-107. [PMID: 38487843 PMCID: PMC10999299 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.23.505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While several food assistance programs in the United States tackle food insecurity, a relatively new program, "Food is Medicine," (FIM) initiated in some cities not only addresses food insecurity but also targets chronic diseases by customizing the food delivered to its recipients. This review describes federal programs providing food assistance and evaluates the various sub-programs categorized under the FIM initiative. METHODS A literature search was conducted from July 7, 2023 to November 9, 2023 using the search term, "Food is Medicine", to identify articles indexed within three major electronic databases, PubMed, Medline, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). Eligibility criteria for inclusion were: focus on any aspect of the FIM initiative within the United States, and publication as a peer-reviewed journal article in the English language. A total of 180 articles were retrieved; publications outside the eligibility criteria and duplicates were excluded for a final list of 72 publications. Supporting publications related to food insecurity, governmental and organizational websites related to FIM and other programs discussed in this review were also included. RESULTS The FIM program includes medically tailored meals, medically tailored groceries, and produce prescriptions. Data suggest that it has lowered food insecurity, promoted better management of health, improved health outcomes, and has, therefore, lowered healthcare costs. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this umbrella program is having a positive impact on communities that have been offered and participate in this program. Limitations and challenges that need to be overcome to ensure its success are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Sharma
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, College for Health, Community and Policy, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ramaswamy Sharma
- Applied Biomedical Sciences, University of the Incarnate Word School of Osteopathic Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Caspi CE, Gombi-Vaca MF, Barsness CB, Gordon N, Canterbury M, Peterson HH, Wolfson J, Pratt R. A Cluster-Randomized Evaluation of the SuperShelf Intervention in Choice-Based Food Pantries. Ann Behav Med 2024; 58:100-110. [PMID: 37857305 PMCID: PMC10831215 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaad060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interventions in food pantry settings have the potential to improve health among clients at risk of diet-related disease. PURPOSE This study evaluates whether a cluster-randomized, behavioral intervention in food pantries resulted in improved client outcomes. METHODS Sixteen Minnesota food pantries were randomized to an intervention (n = 8) or control condition (n = 8). The intervention offered pantries technical assistance to improve healthy food supply and implement behavioral economics strategies to promote healthy food selection. A convenience sample of adult clients were enrolled (paired sample, 158 intervention, 159 control) and followed for 1 year. Additional clients were enrolled at follow-up to assess food selection (follow-up sample, 85 intervention, 102 control). Analysis was limited to data from 11 pantries (5 intervention, 6 control) due to COVID-19. Outcome measures included Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) total and subcomponent scores for 24-hr dietary recalls and client cart selections, and Life's Simple 7 (LS7) total and subcomponent scores. Multilevel mixed-effects models tested whether client outcomes differed by intervention condition. RESULTS In adjusted models, there were no statistically significant differences by intervention condition in HEI-2015 or LS7 scores. Clients in intervention food pantries had improved Refined Grain subcomponent scores (p = .004); clients in control pantries had worsened Saturated Fat subcomponents scores (p = .019) and improved physical activity scores (p = .007). CONCLUSIONS The intervention did not result in improved diet quality or cardiovascular health as measured by HEI-2015 or LS7. Coordinated efforts across settings are needed to address health risks facing this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E Caspi
- University of Connecticut, Department of Allied Health Sciences, Storrs, CT, USA
- University of Connecticut, Rudd Center for Food Policy and Health, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Maria F Gombi-Vaca
- University of Connecticut, Rudd Center for Food Policy and Health, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Christina Bliss Barsness
- University of Minnesota, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nora Gordon
- University of Minnesota, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Julian Wolfson
- University of Minnesota, Division of Biostatistics, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rebekah Pratt
- University of Minnesota, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Szaszi B, Palfi B, Neszveda G, Taka A, Szécsi P, Blattman C, Jamison JC, Sheridan M. Does alleviating poverty increase cognitive performance? Short- and long-term evidence from a randomized controlled trial. Cortex 2023; 169:81-94. [PMID: 37866061 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
In this Registered Report, we investigated the impact of a cash transfer based poverty alleviation program on cognitive performance. We analyzed data from a randomized controlled trial conducted on low-income, high-risk individuals in Liberia where a random half of the participants (n = 251) received a $200 lump-sum unconditional cash transfer - equivalent approximately to 300% of their monthly income - while the other half (n = 222) did not. We tested both the short-term (2-5 weeks) and the long-term (12-13 months) impact of the treatment via several executive function measures. The observed effect sizes of cash transfers on cognitive performance (b = .13 for the short- and b = .08 for the long-term) were roughly three and four times smaller than suggested by prior non-randomized research. Bayesian analyses revealed that the overall evidence supporting the existence of these effects is inconclusive. A multiverse analysis showed that neither alternative analytical specifications nor alternative processing of the dataset changed the results consistently. However cognitive performance varied between the executive function measures, suggesting that cash transfers may affect the subcomponents of executive function differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barnabas Szaszi
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | | | | | | | - Péter Szécsi
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Eotvos Lorand University, Hungary; Institute of Psychology, ELTE, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
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Mylan J, Andrews J, Maye D. The big business of sustainable food production and consumption: Exploring the transition to alternative proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2207782120. [PMID: 37956280 PMCID: PMC10666110 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2207782120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A widespread sense of the unsustainability of the food system has taken hold in recent years, leading to calls for fundamental change. The role of animal agriculture is central to many of these debates, leading to interest in the possibility of a "protein transition," whereby the production and consumption of animal-derived foods is replaced with plant-based substitutes or "alternative proteins." Despite the potential sustainability implications of this transition, the developmental trajectories and transformative potential of the associated technologies remain underexplored. This article sheds light on these dynamics by addressing two questions: 1) how have alternative protein innovations developed over the past three decades, and 2) what explains their more recent acceleration? To answer these questions, the article makes an empirical analysis of four alternative protein innovations, and the partial destabilization of the animal agriculture system between 1990 and 2021, guided by the multi-level perspective. The analysis highlights an intensification in corporate engagement with alternative protein development and diffusion. This intensification is judged to be consistent with the beginnings of a wider corporate reorientation, occurring alongside a rise in pressures on the animal agriculture system, notably an increasing scientific consensus and societal awareness of the links between climate change and meat-intensive diets. The paper demonstrates how differences in technological maturity across the niche innovations have resulted in potentially transformative pressures, which are consistent with an emerging sustainability transition, manifesting differently in terms of the extent of diffusion of the alternative protein niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Mylan
- Sustainable Consumption Institute, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Institute of Innovation Research, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - John Andrews
- Sustainable Consumption Institute, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Institute of Innovation Research, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Damian Maye
- Countryside and Community Research Institute, University of Gloucestershire, CheltenhamGL50 4AZ, United Kingdom
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Subramaniam Y, Loganathan N, Tang CF. Effect of Food Security on Health in Developing Countries. Int J Soc Determinants Health Health Serv 2023; 53:414-423. [PMID: 37036215 DOI: 10.1177/27551938231163991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the impact of food security on health outcomes in 56 developing countries from 2011 to 2019, using a comprehensive measure of food security. Applying generalized methods of moments, the results provide supportive evidence that food security influences health in a positive way. The existence of positive effects suggests that food availability (i.e., more supply), accessibility (i.e., higher income), utilization (i.e., healthy foods), and stability (i.e., more certainty in production) for livelihoods sustain life and promote good health. As a result, this study justifies the need for governments to provide equal support to all four dimensions of food security to promote better nutrition and health.
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Kim H, Park J. Quantification of food loss and waste and its percentage estimation along the food supply chain in Korea. Waste Manag Res 2023; 41:1529-1538. [PMID: 37338144 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x231178476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent changes and food crisis at the international level have raised the awareness of food security in Korea; however, a problem that seems more urgent than the crisis is the lack of a national strategy for food loss and waste (FLW) in Korea. Moreover, where and to what extent food waste is generated in the food supply chain (FSC) is unknown. This study aimed to quantify food waste through material flow analysis and estimate the percentage of loss and waste at each stage of the FSC. The results revealed that 34.1% of the total supply of fruits and vegetables, meat and cereals was lost and wasted in Korea in 2015. Given that the proportion of edible parts in the food supplied for human consumption usually reaches 94.9%, a considerable amount of the food must have been discarded even though they are mostly edible. Furthermore, 47.6% of the total losses and wastes occurred at the upstream stages in the FSC, which include the agricultural production and processing stages, and 52.4% occurred at the downstream stages, which included the consumption stage, that is, distribution and household stages. In particular, more fruit and vegetable FLW were generated in the upstream stages of the FSC, whereas more meat and cereal loss and waste were generated in the downstream stages. The efficiency of policy implementation can be enhanced if food waste reduction strategies involve focusing more on areas with high losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeyoung Kim
- Department of Climate Change Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Fischer J, Bennett E, Pe'er G. Agriculture: reform the global food system. Nature 2023; 622:461. [PMID: 37848518 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-03232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
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Khaipho-Burch M, Cooper M, Crossa J, de Leon N, Holland J, Lewis R, McCouch S, Murray SC, Rabbi I, Ronald P, Ross-Ibarra J, Weigel D, Buckler ES. Genetic modification can improve crop yields - but stop overselling it. Nature 2023; 621:470-473. [PMID: 37773222 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-02895-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
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Bird Z, Iese V, Des Combes HJ, Alungo B, Wairiu M. Assessing rural household's food groups-and-sources and dietary diversity pattern in Malaita Province. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13251. [PMID: 37582964 PMCID: PMC10427622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39124-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Access to and availability of various food sources is not an issue in rural communities. However, there is no guarantee that households are not affected by nutritional inadequacy, which is still a problem in most underdeveloped nations. A mixed-methods study was conducted to determine the HDDS through the snowballing method for the last 12 months' food groups-and-sources and the 48-h diet recall. Ninety-eight households in two rural communities surrounding Sikwafta (zone one) and Malu'u (zone two) participated in the interview between April and May 2019. The results were then analyzed through SPSS and QDA MINER. The aim is to analyze the household dietary patterns of the communities between the two zones. The study also hypothesizes that the dietary pattern of households has not changed. Results showed that a total of nine food groups were consumed: grain, white roots, tubers, plantains, oils/fats (95.90%), condiments (83.70%), and meat/poultry/sea foods (77.60%). The majority of the food consumed comes from the gardens, followed by other food sources, which make up the average HDDS of five. A correlation analysis found a statistically significant relationship between HDDS and total meal (0.504*), with no relationships between demographics. When comparing 48-h food sources-and-groups to the previous year, there was little to no difference in accessibility and availability. This implies that the majority of households are likely to achieve their nutritional needs within the parameters of their dietary trend. Even though households have adequate access to food, there is a significant need to improve their nutritional needs, even if they consume the average amount of the required food groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zina Bird
- Pacific Centre for Environment and Sustainable Development (PaCE-SD), The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
| | - Viliamu Iese
- Pacific Centre for Environment and Sustainable Development (PaCE-SD), The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
| | | | - Bradley Alungo
- Pacific Centre for Environment and Sustainable Development (PaCE-SD), The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
| | - Morgan Wairiu
- Islands Knowledge Institute, Honiara, Solomon Islands
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Brondizio ES, Giroux SA, Valliant JCD, Blekking J, Dickinson S, Henschel B. Millions of jobs in food production are disappearing - a change in mindset would help to keep them. Nature 2023; 620:33-36. [PMID: 37524923 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-02447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
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Varela EG, Zeldman J, Bolivar I, Mobley AR. A Qualitative Study to Compare Barriers to Improving Food Security among Households with Young Children in the U.S. as Perceived by Different Types of Stakeholders before and during COVID-19. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061438. [PMID: 36986168 PMCID: PMC10055020 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This qualitative study aimed to determine the perceived barriers of different community stakeholders’ to providing resources for improving food security in households with young children in the U.S. Community stakeholders working with low-income families with children 0–3 years of age in Florida were recruited to represent healthcare (n = 7), community/policy development (n = 6), emergency food assistance (n = 6), early childhood education (n = 7), and nutrition education (n = 6) sectors. In 2020, one-on-one interviews were conducted with each stakeholder in via Zoom, using an interview script based on the PRECEDE–PROCEED model and questions to capture the impacts of COVID-19. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using a deductive thematic approach. A cross-tab qualitative analysis was used to compare data across categories of stakeholders. Healthcare professionals and nutrition educators indicated stigma, community/policy development stakeholders indicated a lack of time, emergency food assistance personnel indicated a limited access to food, and early childhood professionals indicated a lack of transportation as the main barriers to food security prior to COVID-19. COVID-19 impacts included the fear of virus exposure, new restrictions, lack of volunteers, and a lack of interest in virtual programming as barriers to food security. As perceived barriers may vary with respect to providing resources to improve food security in families with young children and the COVID-19 impacts persist, coordinated policy, systems, and environmental changes are needed.
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Katre A, Raddatz B. Low-Income Families' Direct Participation in Food-Systems Innovation to Promote Healthy Food Behaviors. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051271. [PMID: 36904271 PMCID: PMC10005603 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-income families, especially those who reside in food deserts, face significant systemic barriers regarding their ability to access affordable and nutritious food. The food behaviors exhibited by low-income families are a reflection of the shortcomings of the built environment and conventional food system. Policy and public-health initiatives to improve food security have, thus far, failed to deliver interventions that simultaneously address multiple pillars of food security. Centering the voices of the marginalized and their place-based knowledge may result in the development of food-access solutions that are a much better fit for the population that they intend to serve. Community-based participatory research has emerged as a solution to better meet the needs of communities in food-systems innovation, but little is known about the extent to which direct participation improves nutritional outcomes. The purpose of this research is to answer the following question: how can food-access solutions authentically engage marginalized community members in food-system innovation, and if participation is related to changes in their food behaviors, how is it related? This action research project leveraged a mixed-methods approach to analyze nutritional outcomes and define the nature of participation for 25 low-income families who reside in a food desert. Our findings suggest that nutritional outcomes improve when major barriers to healthy food consumption are addressed, for example, time, education, and transportation. Furthermore, participation in social innovations can be characterized by the nature of involvement as either a producer or consumer, actively or inactively involved. We conclude that when marginalized communities are at the center of food-systems innovation, individuals self-select their level of participation, and when primary barriers are addressed, deeper participation in food-systems innovation is associated with positive changes in healthy food behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Katre
- College of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1201 Ordean Court, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Brianna Raddatz
- College of Education and Human Service Professions, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1201 Ordean Court, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
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17
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Jacobs J, Holcomb J, Margellos-Anast H, Martinez L, San Miguel C. An Evaluation of the Implementation of the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Farmers Market Nutrition Program at Four Chicago WIC Sites. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051122. [PMID: 36904124 PMCID: PMC10004737 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The Farmers Market Nutrition Program (FMNP), a program of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), provides coupons to individuals/families enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) to purchase fresh produce from approved farmers markets. While some studies suggest FMNP may improve nutrition for WIC clients, there is limited research on program implementation in practice. A mixed-methods equitable evaluation framework was utilized to: (1) better understand the FMNP in practice at four WIC clinics on Chicago's west and southwest sides that serve predominately Black and Latinx families; (2) detail facilitators and barriers to participation in the FMNP; and (3) describe the potential impact on nutrition. In this manuscript, we present qualitative findings from Aim 1. We identified six steps for how the FMNP has been implemented in our study setting and opportunities to improve the implementation of the program. Findings suggest that well-defined and consistent guidelines on: (1) how to seek state approval for farmers markets; and (2) coupon distribution and redemption, are necessary to optimize utilization. Future research should explore the impact of newly offered electronic coupons on redemption rates and fresh fruit and vegetable purchasing behaviors.
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18
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Ashagidigbi WM, Salau AS, Omotayo AO. Can nutrition-sensitive intervention and programmes reduce household's food insecurity among the communities affected by Boko-Haram insurgency in Nigeria? Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:28091-28106. [PMID: 36394817 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23791-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dwindling food security situations that arose from Boko-haram insurgence experienced in the northeast of Nigeria has led to an urgent need to respond to the food and livelihood requirements of families who were affected by the conflicts in this region. This is necessary in order to enhance their food and nutritional security and livelihood activities. Thus, examining the status of malnutrition of households in the intervening communities is imperative. Therefore, primary data were collected from some selected households within the region using multi-stage sampling procedure. Descriptive statistics, Dietary Diversity Score (DSS), Heckman and Tobit Models were the analytical tools employed. The study revealed that food aid constitutes an integral proportion of the total expenditure of households on food in the intervening communities. Level of malnutrition also reduces from 40.58 to 16.7% due to the impact of the sensitization programme on households' consumption of nutritious foods. However, there is still a high level of malnutrition (68.79%) among the children that are 5 years and below. Social capital formation and group-specific nutritional policy strategies directed at the internally displaced persons (IDPs) and children that are 5 years and below are panacea to reducing malnutrition in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abiodun Olusola Omotayo
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Mmabatho, South Africa.
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19
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He Y. Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on food security in early childhood. Curr Opin Pediatr 2023; 35:22-27. [PMID: 36101522 PMCID: PMC9803345 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0000000000001179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food insecurity during early childhood, with a focus on challenges and strategies to improve access to and consumption of nutritious food in early childcare and education settings. RECENT FINDINGS The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated existing gaps and inequities in the early childcare and education system, resulting in closures and decreased access to healthy foods that disproportionately impacted black, indigenous, and people of color, as well as rural and low-income communities. SUMMARY Closures and changes in operational capacity not only stressed the early childcare and education system and its workforce but also contributed to financial strain and food insecurity among families with young children. Increased public investment and cross-sector partnerships can support and strengthen both early childcare and education and food systems, increasing equitable access to quality care and reducing food insecurity in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan He
- National Clinician Scholars Program, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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20
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Nicastro TM, Pincus L, Weke E, Hatcher AM, Burger RL, Lemus-Hufstedler E, Bukusi EA, Cohen CR, Weiser SD. Perceived impacts of a pilot agricultural livelihood and microfinance intervention on agricultural practices, food security and nutrition for Kenyans living with HIV. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278227. [PMID: 36516159 PMCID: PMC9749965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Agriculture is the primary source of income and household food for >75% of rural Kenyans, including people living with HIV (PLHIV), making agricultural yields an important factor in food security and nutrition. Previous studies have shown the interconnectedness of food insecurity, malnutrition, and poor HIV health by elucidating that having one of these conditions increases the likelihood and severity of having another. However, few studies have explored the linkages between agricultural practices, food security and nutrition for PLHIV, or how agricultural livelihood interventions may affect these domains. This study aimed to examine the mechanisms through which an agricultural livelihood intervention can positively or negatively affect agricultural practices, food security, and nutrition for PLHIV. METHODS From July 2012-August 2013, we interviewed participants with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) enrolled in a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) of an agricultural livelihood and finance intervention to understand the mechanisms through which the intervention may have affected HIV health outcomes. The intervention included agricultural and finance training and a microfinance loan to purchase the MoneyMaker hip pump, a human-powered water pump, seeds, and other farming implements. A purposive sample of 45 intervention and a random subset of 9 control participants were interviewed at 12-month endline visit with a subset of 31 intervention participants interviewed longitudinally at both the 3- and 12-month visits. Transcripts were double coded using an inductive-deductive approach and analyzed for impacts of the intervention on agricultural practices, food security, and nutrition using analytic reports for each key theme. RESULTS All intervention participants described improvements in agricultural practices and yields attributed to the intervention while many also described improvements in income; these changes in turn contributed to improved HIV health, including suppressed viral loads, and a few people noted improved immunologic parameters. Key mechanisms included the knowledge gained from agricultural training which led to improved yields and access to new markets. The use of the irrigation pump was also identified as an additional, lesser important mechanism. All intervention participants reported sustained improvements in food security and nutrition through increased yields and income from the sale of excess crops used to purchase food, and diversification of fresh fruits and vegetables consumed through agricultural production. This led to self-reported weight gain which was a nutritional mechanism towards improved health. CONCLUSIONS Agricultural and finance interventions that improve farming practices could lead to improved health outcomes through the pathways of improved food security, income, and diversified diet. The results from this study helped the team to enhance the intervention prior to implementation of the larger cluster RCT (cRCT). By understanding how agricultural livelihood interventions act upon pathways towards improved health, policy options can be developed and implemented to include components that are needed to achieve sustainable outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01548599.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy M. Nicastro
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Lauren Pincus
- Independent Consultant, Washington, CT, United States of America
| | - Elly Weke
- Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Abigail M. Hatcher
- Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Rachel L. Burger
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Emiliano Lemus-Hufstedler
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A. Bukusi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Craig R. Cohen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sheri D. Weiser
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
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21
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Salinas-Roca B, Rubió-Piqué L, Carrillo-Álvarez E, Franco-Alcaine G. Impact of Health and Social Factors on the Cardiometabolic Risk in People with Food Insecurity: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14447. [PMID: 36361326 PMCID: PMC9655931 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Food plays a key role in people's health and quality of life. Inadequate eating habits or a deficient diet can lead to the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The present review aims to describe the health and social factors related to food insecurity (FI) in adults in high-income countries and evaluate their impact on cardiometabolic risk (CMR). Following the PRISMA procedures, a systematic review was conducted by searching in biomedical databases. Full articles were screened (nf = 228) and critically appraised, and 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. Based on the selected studies, the results grouped information based on (i) the characteristics of the population in FI, (ii) the impact of FI on NCDs, and (iii) the cardiovascular and all-cause mortality risk of the FI population. Considering the minimum and maximum percentage data, people of the categories female sex (46.2-57.6%), education level lower than high school (11-67.46%), non-Hispanic white ethnicity (37.4-58%), single or separated or widowed (45-64.8%), and current smoker (35.5-61.1%) make up the population with FI in high-income countries. All of these factors presented a significant association (p < 0.001) with cardiovascular risk factors. The highest odds ratios (OR) for the FI population are described for obesity (OR = 2.49, 95% CI; 1.16-5.33) and myocardial infarction (OR = 2.19, 95% CI). Interventions that integrate FI screening and the measurement of CMR factors into routine clinical care may be an important step to identify vulnerable populations and subsequently improve and prevent NCDs. Thus, food-diet policies and public-health-based interventions are needed to be included in the measurement of CMR in the assessment of FI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Salinas-Roca
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Montserrat Roig 2, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Global Research on Wellbeing (GRoW) Research Group, Blanquerna School of Health Science, Ramon Llull University, Padilla, 326-332, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Rubió-Piqué
- Antioxidants Research Group, Food Technology Department, AGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, University of Lleida, Av/Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Elena Carrillo-Álvarez
- Global Research on Wellbeing (GRoW) Research Group, Blanquerna School of Health Science, Ramon Llull University, Padilla, 326-332, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Franco-Alcaine
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Montserrat Roig 2, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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22
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Cassimon D, Fadare O, Mavrotas G. The combined effect of institutional quality and capital flows on food and nutrition security and undernourishment in Sub-Saharan Africa. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275345. [PMID: 36215308 PMCID: PMC9550045 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Issues related to malnutrition, broadly defined, have received a growing attention in recent years, not only in connection with the Sustainable Development Goals but also recently with the unprecedented Covid-19 pandemic. At the same time, there exists a complex interaction between institutions, capital flows, and food and nutrition security that has received less attention in the relevant literature. In this paper we estimate a series of dynamic panel data models to examine the impact of institutional quality and capital flows on food security, nutrition security and undernourishment by using panel data for 25 SSA countries over the period 1996 to 2018. One of the key contributions of the paper is the use of both aggregate and disaggregated capital flows to examine the impact on both food and nutrition security, a dimension that has been surprisingly neglected in most of the relevant literature. We combine this with the interaction of various types of capital flows with an institutional quality index we constructed from various governance indicators to examine the impact of institutions on the overall nexus. Finally, we examine the impact not only on food and nutrition security but also on undernourishment. Our findings clearly demonstrate the importance of a heterogeneity approach and reflect on earlier work regarding the role of institutional quality in the overall nexus between external capital flows and various measures of food and nutrition security which leads, and as expected, to an interesting variation in the results obtained, depending on the type of capital flows and the interaction with the governance indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Cassimon
- Institute of Development Policy (IOB), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Olusegun Fadare
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - George Mavrotas
- Institute of Development Policy (IOB), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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23
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Sun N, Tang S, Zhang J, Wu J, Wang H. Food Security: 3D Dynamic Display and Early Warning Platform Construction and Security Strategy. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:11169. [PMID: 36141445 PMCID: PMC9517314 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since it affects a nation's economy and people's wellbeing, food security is a crucial national security requirement. In order to realize multi-angle grain data presentation and analysis and achieve the goal of deep mining, we propose a 3D dynamic visualization analysis method of multidimensional agricultural spatial-temporal data based on the self-organizing map. This method realizes the multi-angle display and analysis of grain data and achieves the purpose of deep mining. With the outbreak of COVID-19, the global food security situation is not optimistic, so it is necessary to use the food security early warning system to solve the food security issue. Machine learning has emerged widely in recent years and has been applied in various fields. Therefore, it is an excellent way to solve food security to apply the model in machine learning to construct a food security early warning system. Afterward, a food security early warning platform is developed with a support vector regression (SVR) model to ensure food security. Finally, we analyze China's medium and long-term food security policy in line with modernization objectives. The experimental results show that the food security early warning platform based on the SVR model from 2007 to 2016 is effective compared with the actual situation every year. Through analyses, we should improve the stability, reliability, and sustainability of food supply, firmly hold the food security initiative, and construct a national food security guarantee system matching the goal of modernization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- School of Humanities, Social Sciences and Law, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Sai Tang
- School of Humanities, Social Sciences and Law, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- International Relations Faculty, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- School of Humanities, Social Sciences and Law, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- School of Humanities, Social Sciences and Law, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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24
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Murrell AJ, Jones R, Rose S, Firestine A, Bute J. Food Security as Ethics and Social Responsibility: An Application of the Food Abundance Index in an Urban Setting. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:10042. [PMID: 36011677 PMCID: PMC9408679 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High levels of food insecurity signal the presence of disparities and inequities in local food access that have been shown to negatively impact the health and well-being of individuals and communities. Some argue that the lack of healthy, affordable and culturally relevant food within a community represents a troubling social and ethical concern for any society. The current research conducts an assessment of a specific community utilizing the framework outlined by the Food Abundance Index (FAI) scorecard. Combined with contemporary regional data on the demographics of the area, data revealed extremely low scores for both access and density dimensions. Our findings can help business, community and policymakers better understand and target evidence-based solutions to address the issue of food insecurity within this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey J. Murrell
- David Berg Center for Ethics and Leadership, School of Business, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Ray Jones
- David Berg Center for Ethics and Leadership, School of Business, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Sam Rose
- Food21 of Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh, PA 15139, USA
| | - Alex Firestine
- College of Business Administration, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Joe Bute
- Food21 of Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh, PA 15139, USA
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25
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Kang X, Wang M, Lin J, Li X. Trends and status in resources security, ecological stability, and sustainable development research: a systematic analysis. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:50192-50207. [PMID: 35226264 PMCID: PMC8883022 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19412-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Resources are essential for human survival and development, and resource security occupies an important position in national security. With the increasing resource shortage problem, ecological stability is facing severe challenges. All countries are actively seeking new sustainable development ways to deal with various issues and shocks caused by the shortage of resources. This study aims to systematically and comprehensively evaluate the knowledge structure, research hotspots, and resource security evolution trends. Based on the number of 6391 articles retrieved from the Web of Science database from 1990 to 2021, this article carried out a visual analysis of global resource security research from the perspectives of scientific output characteristics, keywords, and highly cited literature scientific collaboration networks and hotspot emergence analysis. The research results show that after humans have experienced new public safety incidents, their understanding of resource security and sustainable development has risen to a new height. The number of relevant documents is increasing rapidly. At present, the research on resource security is still dominated by developed countries in Europe and America. This study finds that "food supply chain," "water availability," and "soil resources suitability" are the frontiers and hotspots in the field of resource security. Besides, "biodiversity," "mineral resource security," "medical and health resources" are important topics and directions of current research. This study provides a theoretical basis for scholars to explore the future research direction and practice of resource security, to achieve ecological stability and sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Kang
- College of Management Science, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059 China
| | - Minxi Wang
- College of Management Science, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059 China
| | - Jing Lin
- College of Management Science, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059 China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Management Science, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059 China
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26
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Ziso D, Chun OK, Puglisi MJ. Increasing Access to Healthy Foods through Improving Food Environment: A Review of Mixed Methods Intervention Studies with Residents of Low-Income Communities. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112278. [PMID: 35684077 PMCID: PMC9182982 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Food insecurity is a broad and serious public health issue in the United States, where many people are reporting lack of access to healthy foods. The reduced availability of healthy, affordable foods has led to increased consumption of energy-dense and nutrient-poor foods, resulting in increasing the risk for many chronic diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thus, identifying promising approaches to increase access to healthy foods through improving the food environment is of importance. The purpose of this review article is to highlight how the food environment affects directly a person’s food choices, and how to increase access to healthy foods through improving environmental approaches. The literature search was focused on finding different approaches to improve food security, primarily those with an impact on food environment. Overall, potential solutions were gathered through multilevel environmental approaches, including nutrition education and peer education, community-based participatory research, and policy changes in supplemental nutrition programs. A recommendation to reduce food insecurity is learning to create meals with a variety of seasonal fruits and vegetables purchased from affordable farmers’ markets.
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Lyonnais MJ, Kaur AP, Rafferty AP, Johnson NS, Jilcott Pitts S. A Mixed-Methods Examination of the Impact of the Partnerships to Improve Community Health Produce Prescription Initiative in Northeastern North Carolina. J Public Health Manag Pract 2022; 28:233-242. [PMID: 35121710 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000001490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a mixed-methods examination of the impact of the Partnerships to Improve Community Health produce prescription initiative in northeastern North Carolina. DESIGN Quantitative surveys were conducted among participants before and after the distribution of produce prescription vouchers. Univariate statistics were used to describe the participant population, and paired t tests were used to examine change in fruit and vegetable intake. Qualitative, in-depth telephone interviews were conducted among participants, health educators, and food retailers and coded for themes. SETTING Eight health promotion programs, 2 food pantries, and 11 food retailers. PARTICIPANTS In each health promotion program or food pantry, between 6 and 97 participants were enrolled. INTERVENTION Produce prescription vouchers were distributed to participants and redeemed at local food retailers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE S An increase in local fruit and vegetable purchasing and consumption. RESULTS Of the produce prescription participants who completed the baseline survey (n = 93), 86% were female, 64% were African American, and 68% were food insecure. The voucher redemption rate was 18%. The majority of participants indicated that they visit farmers' markets more now than before the produce prescription initiative, that shopping at the farmers' market made it easy to include more fresh produce in their family's diet, and that they tried a new farmers' market because of the produce prescription initiative. All health educators and food retailers who participated felt that the initiative benefited their program or operation and were willing to partner with the program again. CONCLUSIONS While redemption rates were lower than anticipated, the produce prescription initiative had positive impacts on participants' local fruit and vegetable purchasing and consumption. Because of COVID-19, the initiative was not implemented until late in the North Carolina produce season. Moving forward, the program will start earlier and work with local food retailers to connect with their communities to increase redemption rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Jane Lyonnais
- Albemarle Regional Health Services, Elizabeth City, North Carolina (Ms Lyonnais); and Department of Public Health, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina (Ms Kaur, Drs Rafferty and Jilcott Pitts, and Mr Johnson)
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28
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Marrero A, Mattei J. Reclaiming traditional, plant-based, climate-resilient food systems in small islands. Lancet Planet Health 2022; 6:e171-e179. [PMID: 35150626 PMCID: PMC9031398 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(21)00322-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Small island developing states face challenges in cultivating healthy food systems and are currently bearing substantial burdens of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Local food production-rooted in collective local and Indigenous traditions, self-sufficiency, and climate-adaptive agricultural practices-has long emphasised a fibre-rich, plant-based diet; however, common histories of dietary colonialism have replaced local, small-scale farming and fisheries with non-nutritive cash crops, intensive livestock operations, and high-quality food exportation. Along with declines in traditional food availability, the resulting food import dependence has fostered a diabetogenic ecosystem composed of energy-dense cereal products, animal-based fats, and processed foods. The destabilisation of local food sectors undermines small island social and cultural systems, contributes to impoverishment and food insecurity during natural disasters, and, ultimately, can reduce diet quality and increase type 2 diabetes risk. Despite ongoing marginalisation of traditional local food systems, locally produced foods such as starchy roots, legumes, fruits, and seafood persist as nutritious and ecologically relevant cornerstones of self-determined local economic productivity and dietary health. Findings from community and epidemiological work suggest that local food production-bolstered by local and Indigenous agroecological knowledge, cultural preservation, and collective agency-can aid in reclaiming healthy and climate-resilient small island food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrania Marrero
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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Gupta A, Alston L, Needham C, Robinson E, Marshall J, Boelsen-Robinson T, Blake MR, Huggins CE, Peeters A. Factors Influencing Implementation, Sustainability and Scalability of Healthy Food Retail Interventions: A Systematic Review of Reviews. Nutrients 2022; 14:294. [PMID: 35057476 PMCID: PMC8780221 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review of reviews was to synthesise the evidence on factors influencing the implementation, sustainability and scalability of food retail interventions to improve the healthiness of food purchased by consumers. A search strategy to identify reviews published up until June 2020 was applied to four databases. The Risk of Bias in Systematic Review tool was used. Review findings were synthesised narratively using the socio-ecological model. A total of 25 reviews met the inclusion criteria. A number of factors influenced implementation; these included retailers' and consumers' knowledge and preferences regarding healthy food; establishing trust and relationships; perceived consumer demand for healthy food; profitability; store infrastructure; organizational support, including resources; and enabling policies that promote health. Few reviews reported on factors influencing sustainability or scalability of the interventions. While there is a large and rapidly growing body of evidence on factors influencing implementation of interventions, more work is needed to identify factors associated with their sustainability and scalability. These findings can be used to develop implementation strategies that consider the multiple levels of influence (individual, intrapersonal and environmental) to better support implementation of healthy food retail interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adyya Gupta
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (L.A.); (C.N.); (E.R.); (J.M.); (T.B.-R.); (M.R.B.); (C.E.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Laura Alston
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (L.A.); (C.N.); (E.R.); (J.M.); (T.B.-R.); (M.R.B.); (C.E.H.); (A.P.)
- Deakin Rural Health, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- Research Unit, Colac Area Health, Colac, VIC 3250, Australia
| | - Cindy Needham
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (L.A.); (C.N.); (E.R.); (J.M.); (T.B.-R.); (M.R.B.); (C.E.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Ella Robinson
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (L.A.); (C.N.); (E.R.); (J.M.); (T.B.-R.); (M.R.B.); (C.E.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Josephine Marshall
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (L.A.); (C.N.); (E.R.); (J.M.); (T.B.-R.); (M.R.B.); (C.E.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Tara Boelsen-Robinson
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (L.A.); (C.N.); (E.R.); (J.M.); (T.B.-R.); (M.R.B.); (C.E.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Miranda R. Blake
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (L.A.); (C.N.); (E.R.); (J.M.); (T.B.-R.); (M.R.B.); (C.E.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Catherine E. Huggins
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (L.A.); (C.N.); (E.R.); (J.M.); (T.B.-R.); (M.R.B.); (C.E.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Anna Peeters
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (L.A.); (C.N.); (E.R.); (J.M.); (T.B.-R.); (M.R.B.); (C.E.H.); (A.P.)
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Bastian GE, Buro D, Palmer-Keenan DM. Recommendations for Integrating Evidence-Based, Sustainable Diet Information into Nutrition Education. Nutrients 2021; 13:4170. [PMID: 34836423 PMCID: PMC8619516 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The adoption of more sustainable diets (SD) has the capacity to meet the needs of individuals without compromising future generations' abilities to do the same. Nutrition educators are ideal candidates for delivering SD education to consumers, yet evidence-based recommendations for the profession have not been crafted. The results of a thorough, narrative review of the literature performed in 2021 suggest there are five well-supported recommendations nutrition educators should consider incorporating in their work. They are (1) shift towards a plant-based diet, (2) mitigate food waste, (3) limit consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF), (4) engage in local food systems, and (5) choose sustainable seafood. Each recommendation is discussed below in detail, to provide nutrition educators with a nuanced scope of the issue, after which suggestions for the inclusion of these recommendations, using an example of the authors' experiences from the US Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP), are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham E. Bastian
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
| | - Danielle Buro
- Division of Life Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
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Krzyzanowski Guerra K, Hanks AS, Plakias ZT, Huser S, Redfern T, Garner JA. Local Value Chain Models of Healthy Food Access: A Qualitative Study of Two Approaches. Nutrients 2021; 13:4145. [PMID: 34836401 PMCID: PMC8624271 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Food value chains are increasingly recognized as more equitable alternatives to traditional supply chains and may represent a novel mechanism to achieve health equity at the local level. Country Fresh Stops (CFS) and Donation Station (DS) are two complementary programs that are part of a more robust value chain designed to support local agriculture in Appalachia Ohio. As the first study of these programs in the peer-reviewed literature, the objectives were to identify factors that facilitate or hinder the implementation of these two local value chain models of healthy food access and to identify the perceived impacts from the perspective of the sites implementing them. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with CFS (n = 7) and DS (n = 10) site representatives in January 2020. Template analysis was used to identify themes through a priori and inductive codes. Participants identified two primary facilitators: support from partner organizations and on-site program stewardship. Produce (and program) seasonality and mitigating food waste were the most cited challenges. Despite challenges, both CFS and DS sites perceive the models to be successful efforts for supporting the local economy, achieving organizational missions, and providing consumers with greater access to locally grown produce. These innovative programs demonstrate good feasibility, but long-term sustainability and impacts on other key stakeholders merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew S. Hanks
- College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Zoë T. Plakias
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Development Economics, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Susie Huser
- Community Food Initiatives, Athens, OH 45701, USA;
| | | | - Jennifer A. Garner
- John Glenn College of Public Affairs, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Caspi CE, Davey C, Barsness CB, Wolfson J, Peterson H, Pratt RJ. Applying the Healthy Eating Index-2015 in a Sample of Choice-Based Minnesota Food Pantries to Test Associations Between Food Pantry Inventory, Client Food Selection, and Client Diet. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 121:2242-2250. [PMID: 34103273 PMCID: PMC8530893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food pantry clients are at a high risk for diet-related chronic disease and suboptimal diet. Relatively little research has examined diet quality measures in choice-based food pantries where clients can choose their own food. OBJECTIVE This study tested whether the diet quality scores for food at the pantry were associated with client food selection scores, and whether client food selection scores at the pantry were associated with client diet intake scores. DESIGN This cross-sectional regression analysis, part of a larger evaluation study (SuperShelf), used baseline data from client and food pantry surveys, food pantry inventories, assessments of client food selections ("client carts"), and single 24-hour client dietary recalls. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING The analysis includes 316 clients who completed a survey (282 of whom completed a dietary recall measure) from one of 16 choice-based Minnesota food pantries during 2018-2019. Adult English, Spanish, or Somali-speaking clients were eligible in the case that they had selected food on the day of recruitment at their food pantry visit. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) Total score and 13 subcomponent scores were calculated for: pantry food inventories of food available on the shelf, client carts, and a 24-hour client dietary recall. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Descriptive statistics were generated for client and food pantry characteristics, and for HEI-2015 Total score and subcomponent scores. Linear regression models tested the association between HEI-2015 Total score and subcomponent scores for food pantry inventory and client carts, and for client carts and dietary recalls, adjusted for covariates. RESULTS Food pantry inventory HEI-2015 Total score averaged 65.1, client cart Total score averaged 60.8, and dietary recall Total score averaged 50.9. The diet quality scores for inventory were not associated with client cart scores, except for Added Sugars (P = .005). Client cart HEI-2015 Total score was positively associated with client diet HEI-2015 Total score (P = .002) and associations for Total Fruits, Whole Fruits, Total Vegetables, Greens and Beans, Whole Grains, Seafood and Plant Proteins, and Added Sugars subcomponents were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS In choice-based Minnesota food pantries, the diet quality of food selected by clients was positively associated with client diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E Caspi
- Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity, University of Connecticut, Hartford; Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs; Program in Health Disparities Research, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
| | - Cynthia Davey
- Biostatistical Design and Analysis Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Christina Bliss Barsness
- Program in Health Disparities Research, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Julian Wolfson
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Hikaru Peterson
- Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, St Paul
| | - Rebekah J Pratt
- Program in Health Disparities Research, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
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Abstract
For over two decades, digital food retail services have been emerging alongside advances in mobile technology and improved access to wi-fi. Digitalization has driven changes within the food environment, complicating an already complex system that influences food-related behaviors and eating practices. Digital food retail services support an infrastructure that enhances commercial food systems by extending access to and availability of highly processed foods, further escalating poor dietary intakes. However, digital food retail services are heterogeneous–food delivery apps, online groceries, and meal kits–and can be feasibly adapted to nutrition interventions and personalized to individual needs. Although sparse, new evidence indicates great potential for digital food retail services to address food insecurity in urban areas and to support healthy eating by making it easier to select, plan, and prepare meals. Digital food retail services are a product of the digital transformation that reflect consumers’ constant need for convenience, which must be addressed in future research and interventions. This paper will discuss public health opportunities that are emerging from the global uptake of digital food retail services, with a focus on online groceries, food delivery apps, and meal kits.
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Jankowska A. Regional diversification of the use of agricultural production potential in the EU candidate and the Eastern partnership countries. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257490. [PMID: 34648515 PMCID: PMC8516242 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diversification of the agricultural production potential often implies the differentiation of the achieved farming productivity due to its effect on the agricultural resources and structural processes. The article aims to examine the diversity of the production potential in the agricultural sectors of the EU candidate countries (CC) and the Eastern Partnership countries (EPC) and its impact on the variety of the achieved productivity, as well as to present changes in the analyzed indicators in the years 2006–2017. A synthetic measure of agricultural development and a linear regression analysis were applied in the article. The research revealed that Belarus may be distinguished with regard to its production potential, as well as the achieved productivity. In most countries (with the exception of Montenegro and Macedonia), an increase in the value of the synthetic measure of the possessed potential has been recorded in the studied period. However, the synthetic measure of the agricultural productivity level displayed an insignificant raise only in half of the countries surveyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jankowska
- Department of Economics and Economic Policy in Agribusiness, Faculty of Economics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- * E-mail:
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35
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Naylor RL, Kishore A, Sumaila UR, Issifu I, Hunter BP, Belton B, Bush SR, Cao L, Gelcich S, Gephart JA, Golden CD, Jonell M, Koehn JZ, Little DC, Thilsted SH, Tigchelaar M, Crona B. Blue food demand across geographic and temporal scales. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5413. [PMID: 34526495 PMCID: PMC8443621 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25516-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have focused on the need to expand production of 'blue foods', defined as aquatic foods captured or cultivated in marine and freshwater systems, to meet rising population- and income-driven demand. Here we analyze the roles of economic, demographic, and geographic factors and preferences in shaping blue food demand, using secondary data from FAO and The World Bank, parameters from published models, and case studies at national to sub-national scales. Our results show a weak cross-sectional relationship between per capita income and consumption globally when using an aggregate fish metric. Disaggregation by fish species group reveals distinct geographic patterns; for example, high consumption of freshwater fish in China and pelagic fish in Ghana and Peru where these fish are widely available, affordable, and traditionally eaten. We project a near doubling of global fish demand by mid-century assuming continued growth in aquaculture production and constant real prices for fish. Our study concludes that nutritional and environmental consequences of rising demand will depend on substitution among fish groups and other animal source foods in national diets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Avinash Kishore
- International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | - Ben Belton
- WorldFish, Bayan Lepas, Malaysia
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Simon R Bush
- Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ling Cao
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Stefan Gelcich
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Malin Jonell
- Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Royal Swedish Academy of Science, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | - Beatrice Crona
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Royal Swedish Academy of Science, Stockholm, Sweden
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Stephens L, Rains C, Benjamin-Neelon SE. Connecting Families to Food Resources amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Early Care and Education Providers in Two U.S. States. Nutrients 2021; 13:3137. [PMID: 34579014 PMCID: PMC8465308 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Early care and education (ECE) settings are important avenues for reaching young children and their families with food and nutrition resources, including through the U.S. federally funded Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP). Researchers conducted a cross-sectional survey of ECE providers in two U.S. states in November 2020 to identify approaches used to connect families with food and nutrition resources amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds of sites reporting no approaches and adjusted Poisson models were used to estimate the incidence rate ratio of the mean number of approaches, comparing sites that participate in CACFP to those that did not. A total of 589 ECE sites provided responses. Of those, 43% (n = 255) participated in CACFP. CACFP participating sites were more likely to report using any approaches to connecting families to food resources and significantly more likely to report offering "grab and go" meals, providing meal delivery, distributing food boxes to families, and recommending community food resources than non-CACFP sites. This study suggests that CACFP sites may have greater capacity to connect families to food resources amid emergencies than non-CACFP participating sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacy Stephens
- National Farm to School Network, P.M.B. #104, 8770 West Bryn Mawr Ave, Suite 1300, Chicago, IL 60631, USA
| | - Caroline Rains
- Research Triangle Institute International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA;
| | - Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins University, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
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Reiss J, Robertson S, Suzuki M. Cell Sources for Cultivated Meat: Applications and Considerations throughout the Production Workflow. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7513. [PMID: 34299132 PMCID: PMC8307620 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular agriculture is an emerging scientific discipline that leverages the existing principles behind stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and animal sciences to create agricultural products from cells in vitro. Cultivated meat, also known as clean meat or cultured meat, is a prominent subfield of cellular agriculture that possesses promising potential to alleviate the negative externalities associated with conventional meat production by producing meat in vitro instead of from slaughter. A core consideration when producing cultivated meat is cell sourcing. Specifically, developing livestock cell sources that possess the necessary proliferative capacity and differentiation potential for cultivated meat production is a key technical component that must be optimized to enable scale-up for commercial production of cultivated meat. There are several possible approaches to develop cell sources for cultivated meat production, each possessing certain advantages and disadvantages. This review will discuss the current cell sources used for cultivated meat production and remaining challenges that need to be overcome to achieve scale-up of cultivated meat for commercial production. We will also discuss cell-focused considerations in other components of the cultivated meat production workflow, namely, culture medium composition, bioreactor expansion, and biomaterial tissue scaffolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Reiss
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.R.); (S.R.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Samantha Robertson
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.R.); (S.R.)
| | - Masatoshi Suzuki
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.R.); (S.R.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Mandracchia F, Tarro L, Llauradó E, Valls RM, Solà R. Interventions to Promote Healthy Meals in Full-Service Restaurants and Canteens: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:1350. [PMID: 33919552 PMCID: PMC8073122 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Out-of-home eating is increasing, but evidence about its healthiness is limited. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to elucidate the effectiveness of full-service restaurant and canteen-based interventions in increasing the dietary intake, food availability, and food purchase of healthy meals. Studies from 2000-2020 were searched in Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane Library using the PRISMA checklist. A total of 35 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 6 non-RCTs were included in the systematic review and analyzed by outcome, intervention strategies, and settings (school, community, workplace). The meta-analysis included 16 RCTs (excluding non-RCTs for higher quality). For dietary intake, the included RCTs increased healthy foods (+0.20 servings/day; 0.12 to 0.29; p < 0.001) and decreased fat intake (-9.90 g/day; -12.61 to -7.19; p < 0.001), favoring the intervention group. For food availability, intervention schools reduced the risk of offering unhealthy menu items by 47% (RR 0.53; 0.34 to 0.85; p = 0.008). For food purchases, a systematic review showed that interventions could be partially effective in improving healthy foods. Lastly, restaurant- and canteen-based interventions improved the dietary intake of healthy foods, reduced fat intake, and increased the availability of healthy menus, mainly in schools. Higher-quality RCTs are needed to strengthen the results. Moreover, from our results, intervention strategy recommendations are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriana Mandracchia
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Healthy Environment Chair, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (F.M.); (L.T.); (R.M.V.); (R.S.)
| | - Lucia Tarro
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Healthy Environment Chair, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (F.M.); (L.T.); (R.M.V.); (R.S.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Elisabet Llauradó
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Healthy Environment Chair, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (F.M.); (L.T.); (R.M.V.); (R.S.)
| | - Rosa Maria Valls
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Healthy Environment Chair, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (F.M.); (L.T.); (R.M.V.); (R.S.)
| | - Rosa Solà
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Healthy Environment Chair, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (F.M.); (L.T.); (R.M.V.); (R.S.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, 43204 Reus, Spain
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Pradhan A, S. R, D. J. N, Panda AK, Wagh RD, Maske MR, R. V. B. Farming System for Nutrition-a pathway to dietary diversity: Evidence from India. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248698. [PMID: 33735281 PMCID: PMC7971902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Farming is the main livelihood of a majority of people in India. The country is also home to a large population of undernourished people. This indicates potential for mainstreaming the nutrition dimension in the farming system to impact on nutrition outcomes. A Farming System for Nutrition (FSN) study was conducted in two agro-ecologically different locations from 2013-2018, to explore the feasibility of nutrition-sensitive agricultural interventions. The baseline survey in 2013-2014 revealed that the population in the study area was largely undernourished and that household diets were cereal-dominated. The FSN model was designed in consultation with community members, to increase availability of nutrient-dense cereals and pulses, by enhancing production and crop diversification at the farm level, promoting cultivation of nutrient-rich fruits and vegetables in nutrition gardens and supporting interventions to promote access to animal foods. Nutrition awareness initiatives were undertaken to build capacity at the local level and translate production diversity to consumption diversity. An endline survey was conducted in 2017 (July-October), following three years of intervention. Crop, vegetable and animal food production and food consumption was compared with the baseline data. There was evidence of higher production and consumption of nutrient rich foods, improved household dietary diversity; and understanding and acceptance of nutrition-sensitive agriculture. The number of items consumed under each food group, frequency of consumption of food and average per capita intake of nutrient-rich foods were found to have improved. The results provide evidence regarding feasibility of location-specific FSN models to promote sustainable and healthy diets, using locally available plant and animal food resources, to address nutrition deficiencies in farm families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliza Pradhan
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Pune, India
| | - Raju S.
- M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF), Taramani, Chennai, India
| | - Nithya D. J.
- M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF), Taramani, Chennai, India
| | | | | | | | - Bhavani R. V.
- M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF), Taramani, Chennai, India
- * E-mail:
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Jones BL, Phillips F, Shanor D, VanDiest H, Chen Q, Currin-McCulloch J, Franklin C, Sparks D, Corral C, Ortega J. Social work leadership in a medical school: A coordinated, compassionate COVID-19 response. Soc Work Health Care 2021; 60:49-61. [PMID: 33557718 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2021.1885567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the systemic inequities in our health care system and society has called for actions to meet the clinical, psychosocial and educational needs in health care settings and communities. In this paper we describe how an organized Department of Health Social Work in a medical school played a unique role in responding to the challenges of a pandemic with community, clinical, and educational initiatives that were integral to our community's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara L Jones
- Department of Health Social Work, Dell Medical School, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, the University of Texas at Austin, USA
| | - Farya Phillips
- Department of Health Social Work, Dell Medical School, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, the University of Texas at Austin, USA
| | - Donna Shanor
- Department of Health Social Work, Dell Medical School, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, the University of Texas at Austin, USA
| | - Heather VanDiest
- Department of Health Social Work, Dell Medical School, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, the University of Texas at Austin, USA
| | - Qi Chen
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | | | - Cynthia Franklin
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, Department of Psychiatry, Dell Medical School, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Dede Sparks
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Cynthia Corral
- Department of Health Social Work, Dell Medical School, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jesús Ortega
- Department of Medical Education, Dell Medical School, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Cabili C, Briefel R, Forrestal S, Gabor V, Chojnacki G. A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of a Home-Delivered Food Box on Children's Diet Quality in the Chickasaw Nation Packed Promise Project. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 121:S59-S69. [PMID: 33342526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor diet quality among children can lead to poor health, development, and academic achievement. Child nutrition assistance programs aim to improve diet quality among children. OBJECTIVE This study tested the impact of the Packed Promise intervention on diet quality among low-income children in Chickasaw Nation territory. DESIGN This study was a cluster randomized controlled trial of 40 school districts and 4,750 eligible, consented households within treatment and control districts. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Household data were collected at baseline (n = 2,859) and follow-up (n = 2,852) in 12 rural Oklahoma counties. INTERVENTION Packed Promise treatment households chose from 5 types of home-delivered food boxes that contained nutritious foods ($38 food value) and a $15 check for purchasing fruits and vegetables. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Key outcomes included children's daily consumed amounts of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and added sugars collected by a dietary screener questionnaire. Other outcomes included food shopping frequency, type of grocery store used, distance traveled from home to grocery stores, and the number of weekly family dinners. All outcomes in this article are secondary to the study's primary outcome-food insecurity among children. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Differences between the treatment and control groups were estimated by a regression model controlling for baseline characteristics and population-based average portion sizes. RESULTS Children's mean daily consumption of fruits and vegetables combined was about 2.35-cup equivalents in the treatment group and 2.25-cup equivalents in the control group (P < 0.001). Mean consumption of whole grains was 0.73-ounce equivalents in the treatment group compared with 0.67-ounce equivalents in the control group (P < 0.001). Other outcomes were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Packed Promise led to significant but small improvements in children's daily consumption of fruits and vegetables and whole grains. Several factors, including household participation levels in Packed Promise, may have moderated the size of impacts. FUNDING/SUPPORT This article is published as part of a supplement supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service.
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Rendon P, Steinhoff-Knopp B, Saggau P, Burkhard B. Assessment of the relationships between agroecosystem condition and the ecosystem service soil erosion regulation in Northern Germany. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234288. [PMID: 33284810 PMCID: PMC7721136 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecosystems provide multiple services that are necessary to maintain human life. Agroecosystems are very productive suppliers of biomass-related provisioning ecosystem services, e.g. food, fibre, and energy. At the same time, they are highly dependent on good ecosystem condition and regulating ecosystem services such as soil fertility, water supply or soil erosion regulation. Assessments of this interplay of ecosystem condition and services are needed to understand the relationships in highly managed systems. Therefore, the aim of this study is twofold: First, to test the concept and indicators proposed by the European Union Working Group on Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their Services (MAES) for assessing agroecosystem condition at a regional level. Second, to identify the relationships between ecosystem condition and the delivery of ecosystem services. For this purpose, we applied an operational framework for integrated mapping and assessment of ecosystems and their services. We used the proposed indicators to assess the condition of agroecosystems in Northern Germany and regulating ecosystem service control of erosion rates. We used existing data from official databases to calculate the different indicators and created maps of environmental pressures, ecosystem condition and ecosystem service indicators for the Federal State of Lower Saxony. Furthermore, we identified areas within the state where pressures are high, conditions are unfavourable, and more sustainable management practices are needed. Despite the limitations of the indicators and data availability, our results show positive, negative, and no significant correlations between the different pressures and condition indicators, and the control of erosion rates. The idea behind the MAES framework is to indicate the general condition of an ecosystem. However, we observed that not all proposed indicators can explain to what extent ecosystems can provide specific ecosystem services. Further research on other ecosystem services provided by agroecosystems would help to identify synergies and trade-offs. Moreover, the definition of a reference condition, although complicated for anthropogenically highly modified agroecosystems, would provide a benchmark to compare information on the condition of the ecosystems, leading to better land use policy and management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Rendon
- Institute of Physical Geography & Landscape Ecology, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Bastian Steinhoff-Knopp
- Institute of Physical Geography & Landscape Ecology, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Philipp Saggau
- Institute of Geography, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Benjamin Burkhard
- Institute of Physical Geography & Landscape Ecology, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
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Abstract
Racial minorities experience a high burden of food insecurity relative to non-Hispanic whites. Government-subsidized nutrition programs can positively impact food insecurity and nutritional risk among older adults. Yet, in New York City, where nearly 60% of people over 65 years are non-white, older minorities participate in government nutrition programs at very low rates. In this commentary, we focus on 2 programs: the Child and Adult Care Food Program and Older Americans Act Nutrition Services Programs. We identify opportunities for strengthening these programs to improve their reach and engagement with diverse older adults in New York City and similarly diverse urban communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina R Sadarangani
- NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York (Dr Sadarangani); Departments of Medicine (Drs Beasley and Chodosh) and Population Health (Drs Yi and Chodosh), NYU School of Medicine, New York; and VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York (Dr Chodosh)
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Wadhwa S. Understanding food as medicine through a system lens. Explore (NY) 2020; 16:411-412. [PMID: 32948456 PMCID: PMC7456277 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2020.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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Briaux J, Martin-Prevel Y, Carles S, Fortin S, Kameli Y, Adubra L, Renk A, Agboka Y, Romedenne M, Mukantambara F, Van Dyck J, Boko J, Becquet R, Savy M. Evaluation of an unconditional cash transfer program targeting children's first-1,000-days linear growth in rural Togo: A cluster-randomized controlled trial. PLoS Med 2020; 17:e1003388. [PMID: 33201927 PMCID: PMC7671539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2014, the government of Togo implemented a pilot unconditional cash transfer (UCT) program in rural villages that aimed at improving children's nutrition, health, and protection. It combined monthly UCTs (approximately US$8.40 /month) with a package of community activities (including behavior change communication [BCC] sessions, home visits, and integrated community case management of childhood illnesses and acute malnutrition [ICCM-Nut]) delivered to mother-child pairs during the first "1,000 days" of life. We primarily investigated program impact at population level on children's height-for-age z-scores (HAZs) and secondarily on stunting (HAZ < -2) and intermediary outcomes including household's food insecurity, mother-child pairs' diet and health, delivery in a health facility and low birth weight (LBW), women's knowledge, and physical intimate partner violence (IPV). METHODS AND FINDINGS We implemented a parallel-cluster-randomized controlled trial, in which 162 villages were randomized into either an intervention arm (UCTs + package of community activities, n = 82) or a control arm (package of community activities only, n = 80). Two different representative samples of children aged 6-29 months and their mothers were surveyed in each arm, one before the intervention in 2014 (control: n = 1,301, intervention: n = 1,357), the other 2 years afterwards in 2016 (control: n = 996, intervention: n = 1,035). Difference-in-differences (DD) estimates of impact were calculated, adjusting for clustering. Children's average age was 17.4 (± 0.24 SE) months in the control arm and 17.6 (± 0.19 SE) months in the intervention arm at baseline. UCTs had a protective effect on HAZ (DD = +0.25 z-scores, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01-0.50, p = 0.039), which deteriorated in the control arm while remaining stable in the intervention arm, but had no impact on stunting (DD = -6.2 percentage points [pp], relative odds ratio [ROR]: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.51-1.06, p = 0.097). UCTs positively impacted both mothers' and children's (18-23 months) consumption of animal source foods (ASFs) (respectively, DD = +4.5 pp, ROR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.09-4.61, p = 0.029 and DD = +9.1 pp, ROR: 2.65, 95% CI: 1.01-6.98, p = 0.048) and household food insecurity (DD = -10.7 pp, ROR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.43-0.91, p = 0.016). UCTs did not impact on reported child morbidity 2 week's prior to report (DD = -3.5 pp, ROR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.56-1.14, p = 0.214) but reduced the financial barrier to seeking healthcare for sick children (DD = -26.4 pp, ROR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.08-0.66, p = 0.006). Women who received cash had higher odds of delivering in a health facility (DD = +10.6 pp, ROR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.10-2.13, p = 0.012) and lower odds of giving birth to babies with birth weights (BWs) <2,500 g (DD = -11.8, ROR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.10-0.82, p = 0.020). Positive effects were also found on women's knowledge (DD = +14.8, ROR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.32-2.62, p < 0.001) and physical IPV (DD = -7.9 pp, ROR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.36-0.99, p = 0.048). Study limitations included the short evaluation period (24 months) and the low coverage of UCTs, which might have reduced the program's impact. CONCLUSIONS UCTs targeting the first "1,000 days" had a protective effect on child's linear growth in rural areas of Togo. Their simultaneous positive effects on various immediate, underlying, and basic causes of malnutrition certainly contributed to this ultimate impact. The positive impacts observed on pregnancy- and birth-related outcomes call for further attention to the conception period in nutrition-sensitive programs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN83330970.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Briaux
- NUTRIPASS, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development–University of Montpellier-Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 1219, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team IDLIC, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yves Martin-Prevel
- NUTRIPASS, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development–University of Montpellier-Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Carles
- NUTRIPASS, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development–University of Montpellier-Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Sonia Fortin
- NUTRIPASS, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development–University of Montpellier-Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Yves Kameli
- NUTRIPASS, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development–University of Montpellier-Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Laura Adubra
- NUTRIPASS, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development–University of Montpellier-Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Andréa Renk
- Paris School of Economics, UMR 8545, Paris, France
| | - Yawavi Agboka
- Projet de Développement Communautaire et Filets Sociaux, Ministère du Développement à la Base, Lomé, Togo
| | | | | | - John Van Dyck
- The World Bank, Social Protection and Labor Global Practice, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
| | - Joachim Boko
- The World Bank, Social Protection and Labor Global Practice, Country Office of Cotonou, Benin
| | - Renaud Becquet
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 1219, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team IDLIC, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathilde Savy
- NUTRIPASS, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development–University of Montpellier-Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya L Nadimpalli
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA; Center for Integrated Management of Antimicrobial Resistance, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy J Pickering
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA; Center for Integrated Management of Antimicrobial Resistance, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
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Akter R, Yagi N, Sugino H, Thilsted SH, Ghosh S, Gurung S, Heneveld K, Shrestha R, Webb P. Household Engagement in Both Aquaculture and Horticulture Is Associated with Higher Diet Quality than Either Alone. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2705. [PMID: 32899764 PMCID: PMC7551048 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of high-quality diverse diets is crucial for optimal growth, health, and wellbeing. OBJECTIVE This study assessed the diet quality of households by their type of engagement in homestead aquaculture and/or horticulture. Socio-demographic determinants of diet quality were also studied. METHOD Diet quality was assessed using a nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR), based on the preceding 7 days' dietary recall at the household level. Adult male equivalent units (AMEs) were used for age- and sex-specific intra-household distribution of household intakes. Mean adequacy ratios (MAR) were computed as an overall measure of diet quality, using NAR. RESULTS Better diet quality (mean ± SD) was associated with households engaged in both homestead aquaculture and horticulture (0.43 ± 0.23; p < 0.001) compared to only one type of agriculture (0.38 ± 0.20) or none (0.36 ± 0.20). Tukey's post-hoc test confirmed significant differences in diet quality between both and either engagement (0.05 ± 0.01, p < 0.001), both and no engagement (0.07 ± 0.01, p < 0.001), and either and no engagement households (0.02 ± 0.01, p < 0.001). Beyond farm production of nutrient-rich foods, generalized estimating equations showed that diet quality was influenced by the higher educational level and occupation of adult household members, higher daily per capita food expenditure, sex, family size and region. CONCLUSIONS Projects that promote and support household engagement in both homestead aquaculture and horticulture have the potential to improve the diet quality of households.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumana Akter
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1138657, Japan; (N.Y.); (H.S.)
| | - Nobuyuki Yagi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1138657, Japan; (N.Y.); (H.S.)
| | - Hiroaki Sugino
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1138657, Japan; (N.Y.); (H.S.)
| | | | - Shibani Ghosh
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (S.G.); (S.G.); (K.H.); (R.S.); (P.W.)
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Sabi Gurung
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (S.G.); (S.G.); (K.H.); (R.S.); (P.W.)
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Katherine Heneveld
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (S.G.); (S.G.); (K.H.); (R.S.); (P.W.)
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Robin Shrestha
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (S.G.); (S.G.); (K.H.); (R.S.); (P.W.)
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Patrick Webb
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (S.G.); (S.G.); (K.H.); (R.S.); (P.W.)
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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Sukhwani V, Deshkar S, Shaw R. COVID-19 Lockdown, Food Systems and Urban-Rural Partnership: Case of Nagpur, India. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E5710. [PMID: 32784648 PMCID: PMC7459914 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The globally fast-spreading novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is now testing the abilities of all countries to manage its widespread implications on public health. To effectively contain its impacts, a nation-wide temporary lockdown was enforced in India. The resultant panic buying and stockpiling incidents together with spread of misinformation created a sense of food insecurity at local level. This paper discusses a specific case of Nagpur from the worst affected Maharashtra state of India, wherein the urban-rural food supply chains were reportedly disrupted. Based on formal interviews with local government officials, a month-long timeline of COVID-19 outbreak in Nagpur was studied along with the consequent government initiatives for maintaining public health and food supply. While the city residents were confined to their homes, this study then assessed their perceived food security at household level, along with their "Immediate Concerns" and "Key Information Sources". Through online surveys at two different time intervals, the concerns of "Food and Grocery" were found to be rising, and "Government Apps and Websites" were identified as the most reliable source of information. Based on the research findings, the authors further suggest specific policy recommendations for addressing the immediate and long-term concerns related to food systems in Nagpur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibhas Sukhwani
- Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Kanagawa Prefecture 252-0882, Japan;
| | - Sameer Deshkar
- Department of Architecture and Planning, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT), Maharashtra 440010, India;
| | - Rajib Shaw
- Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Kanagawa Prefecture 252-0882, Japan;
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Durao S, Visser ME, Ramokolo V, Oliveira JM, Schmidt BM, Balakrishna Y, Brand A, Kristjansson E, Schoonees A. Community-level interventions for improving access to food in low- and middle-income countries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 8:CD011504. [PMID: 32761615 PMCID: PMC8890130 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011504.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After decades of decline since 2005, the global prevalence of undernourishment reverted and since 2015 has increased to levels seen in 2010 to 2011. The prevalence is highest in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially Africa and Asia. Food insecurity and associated undernutrition detrimentally affect health and socioeconomic development in the short and long term, for individuals, including children, and societies. Physical and economic access to food is crucial to ensure food security. Community-level interventions could be important to increase access to food in LMICs. OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of community-level interventions that aim to improve access to nutritious food in LMICs, for both the whole community and for disadvantaged or at-risk individuals or groups within a community, such as infants, children and women; elderly, poor or unemployed people; or minority groups. SEARCH METHODS We searched for relevant studies in 16 electronic databases, including trial registries, from 1980 to September 2019, and updated the searches in six key databases in February 2020. We applied no language or publication status limits. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), cluster randomised controlled trials (cRCTs) and prospective controlled studies (PCS). All population groups, adults and children, living in communities in LMICs exposed to community-level interventions aiming to improve food access were eligible for inclusion. We excluded studies that only included participants with specific diseases or conditions (e.g. severely malnourished children). Eligible interventions were broadly categorised into those that improved buying power (e.g. create income-generation opportunities, cash transfer schemes); addressed food prices (e.g. vouchers and subsidies); addressed infrastructure and transport that affected physical access to food outlets; addressed the social environment and provided social support (e.g. social support from family, neighbours or government). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently screened titles and abstracts, and full texts of potentially eligible records, against the inclusion criteria. Disagreements were resolved through discussion or arbitration by a third author, if necessary. For each included study, two authors independently extracted data and a third author arbitrated disagreements. However, the outcome data were extracted by one author and checked by a biostatistician. We assessed risk of bias for all studies using the Effective Practice and Organization of Care (EPOC) risk of bias tool for studies with a separate control group. We conducted meta-analyses if there was a minimum of two studies for interventions within the same category, reporting the same outcome measure and these were sufficiently homogeneous. Where we were able to meta-analyse, we used the random-effects model to incorporate any existing heterogeneity. Where we were unable to conduct meta-analyses, we synthesised using vote counting based on effect direction. MAIN RESULTS We included 59 studies, including 214 to 169,485 participants, and 300 to 124, 644 households, mostly from Africa and Latin America, addressing the following six intervention types (three studies assessed two different types of interventions). Interventions that improved buying power: Unconditional cash transfers (UCTs) (16 cRCTs, two RCTs, three PCSs): we found high-certainty evidence that UCTs improve food security and make little or no difference to cognitive function and development and low-certainty evidence that UCTs may increase dietary diversity and may reduce stunting. The evidence was very uncertain about the effects of UCTs on the proportion of household expenditure on food, and on wasting. Regarding adverse outcomes, evidence from one trial indicates that UCTs reduce the proportion of infants who are overweight. Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) (nine cRCTs, five PCSs): we found high-certainty evidence that CCTs result in little to no difference in the proportion of household expenditure on food and that they slightly improve cognitive function in children; moderate-certainty evidence that CCTs probably slightly improve dietary diversity and low-certainty evidence that they may make little to no difference to stunting or wasting. Evidence on adverse outcomes (two PCSs) shows that CCTs make no difference to the proportion of overweight children. Income generation interventions (six cRCTs, 11 PCSs): we found moderate-certainty evidence that income generation interventions probably make little or no difference to stunting or wasting; and low-certainty evidence that they may result in little to no difference to food security or that they may improve dietary diversity in children, but not for households. Interventions that addressed food prices: Food vouchers (three cRCTs, one RCT): we found moderate-certainty evidence that food vouchers probably reduce stunting; and low-certainty evidence that that they may improve dietary diversity slightly, and may result in little to no difference in wasting. Food and nutrition subsidies (one cRCT, three PCSs): we found low-certainty evidence that food and nutrition subsidies may improve dietary diversity among school children. The evidence is very uncertain about the effects on household expenditure on healthy foods as a proportion of total expenditure on food (very low-certainty evidence). Interventions that addressed the social environment: Social support interventions (one cRCT, one PCS): we found moderate-certainty evidence that community grants probably make little or no difference to wasting; low-certainty evidence that they may make little or no difference to stunting. The evidence is very uncertain about the effects of village savings and loans on food security and dietary diversity. None of the included studies addressed the intervention category of infrastructure changes. In addition, none of the studies reported on one of the primary outcomes of this review, namely prevalence of undernourishment. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The body of evidence indicates that UCTs can improve food security. Income generation interventions do not seem to make a difference for food security, but the evidence is unclear for the other interventions. CCTs, UCTs, interventions that help generate income, interventions that help minimise impact of food prices through food vouchers and subsidies can potentially improve dietary diversity. UCTs and food vouchers may have a potential impact on reducing stunting, but CCTs, income generation interventions or social environment interventions do not seem to make a difference on wasting or stunting. CCTs seem to positively impact cognitive function and development, but not UCTs, which may be due to school attendance, healthcare visits and other conditionalities associated with CCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange Durao
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marianne E Visser
- Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Vundli Ramokolo
- Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Bey-Marrié Schmidt
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Yusentha Balakrishna
- Biostatistics Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa
| | - Amanda Brand
- Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Anel Schoonees
- Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Paolantonio L, Kim SY, Ramirez J, Roberts-Eversley N, Li Y, Melnic I, Wu M, Jutagir DR, Smith J, Oladele M, Gany F. Food Purchasing Behavior of Food Insecure Cancer Patients Receiving Supplemental Food Vouchers. Support Care Cancer 2020; 28:3739-3746. [PMID: 31828492 PMCID: PMC8054702 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-05183-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Food insecure cancer patients experience worse health outcomes and poorer quality of life than food secure patients. There has been little research in programs to alleviate food insecurity in cancer patients. The objective of this paper is to report on the food purchasing behaviors of cancer patients enrolled in a supplemental food voucher program. METHODS This paper utilized data from a three-arm randomized controlled trial investigating the impact of food interventions on alleviating food insecurity in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. In one arm, patients received a monthly $230 voucher with which to purchase food. Receipts were collected for items purchased with the voucher and were coded to analyze purchasing behaviors. RESULTS Thirty-three patients provided receipts for more than 11,000 individual items. Patients spent 50% of voucher funds on animal protein, fruits, and vegetables. Patients spent, on average, 77% of voucher funds on items categorized as "healthy." CONCLUSIONS Patients who received a food voucher purchased more fruits and vegetables than national averages would suggest. They also spent less on sweetened beverages than national samples. Patients who were born outside of the United States or who were limited English proficient purchased significantly more healthy foods than English-speaking and American-born study patients. Supplemental food vouchers for food insecure cancer patients resulted in the purchase of healthy food items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Paolantonio
- Immigrant Health and Cancer Disparities Service, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 485 Lexington Avenue, 2nd Floor, New York, NY, 10017, USA
| | - Soo Young Kim
- Immigrant Health and Cancer Disparities Service, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 485 Lexington Avenue, 2nd Floor, New York, NY, 10017, USA
| | - Julia Ramirez
- Immigrant Health and Cancer Disparities Service, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 485 Lexington Avenue, 2nd Floor, New York, NY, 10017, USA
| | - Nicole Roberts-Eversley
- Immigrant Health and Cancer Disparities Service, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 485 Lexington Avenue, 2nd Floor, New York, NY, 10017, USA
| | - Yuelin Li
- Immigrant Health and Cancer Disparities Service, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 485 Lexington Avenue, 2nd Floor, New York, NY, 10017, USA
| | - Irina Melnic
- Immigrant Health and Cancer Disparities Service, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 485 Lexington Avenue, 2nd Floor, New York, NY, 10017, USA
| | - Minlun Wu
- Immigrant Health and Cancer Disparities Service, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 485 Lexington Avenue, 2nd Floor, New York, NY, 10017, USA
| | - Devika R Jutagir
- Immigrant Health and Cancer Disparities Service, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 485 Lexington Avenue, 2nd Floor, New York, NY, 10017, USA
| | - Julia Smith
- Immigrant Health and Cancer Disparities Service, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 485 Lexington Avenue, 2nd Floor, New York, NY, 10017, USA
| | - Modupe Oladele
- Immigrant Health and Cancer Disparities Service, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 485 Lexington Avenue, 2nd Floor, New York, NY, 10017, USA
| | - Francesca Gany
- Immigrant Health and Cancer Disparities Service, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Medicine, and Department of Public Health, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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