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Wei S, Pan X, Xiao Y, Chen R, Wei J. The unique association between the level of plateletcrit and the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1345293. [PMID: 38726343 PMCID: PMC11079161 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1345293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The activation of platelets in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) triggers inflammation and hemodynamic abnormalities, contributing to the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Despite this, research into the relationship between plateletcrit (PCT) levels and DKD is sparse, with inconsistent conclusions drawn regarding the connection between various platelet parameters and DKD. This highlights the necessity for comprehensive, large-scale population studies. Therefore, our objective is to explore the association between PCT levels and various platelet parameters in relation to DKD. Methods In this cross-sectional study, hematological parameter data were collected from a cohort of 4,302 hospitalized Chinese patients. We analyzed the relationships between PCT, platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR), and DKD, along with the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic potential of these parameters. Results DKD patients exhibited significantly higher PCT levels compared to those without DKD. Multivariate regression analysis identified elevated PCT and PLT levels as potential independent risk factors for both DKD and UACR, while lower MPV levels might serve as independent protective factors for eGFR. The areas under the ROC curve for PCT in relation to DKD and UACR (≥30 mg/g) were 0.523 and 0.526, respectively. The area under the ROC curve for PLT in relation to UACR (≥30 mg/g) was 0.523. Conclusion PCT demonstrates a weak diagnostic value for T2DM patients at risk of developing DKD and experiencing proteinuria, and PLT shows a similarly modest diagnostic utility for detecting proteinuria. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics involved in DKD. Additionally, incorporating these markers into routine clinical assessments could enhance risk stratification, facilitating early interventions and personalized management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwu Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruishuang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junping Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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2
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Peña JS, Ramanujam RK, Risman RA, Tutwiler V, Berthiaume F, Vazquez M. Neurovascular Relationships in AGEs-Based Models of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:63. [PMID: 38247940 PMCID: PMC10813697 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy affects more than 100 million people worldwide and is projected to increase by 50% within 20 years. Increased blood glucose leads to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which cause cellular and molecular dysfunction across neurovascular systems. These molecules initiate the slow breakdown of the retinal vasculature and the inner blood retinal barrier (iBRB), resulting in ischemia and abnormal angiogenesis. This project examined the impact of AGEs in altering the morphology of healthy cells that comprise the iBRB, as well as the effects of AGEs on thrombi formation, in vitro. Our results illustrate that AGEs significantly alter cellular areas and increase the formation of blood clots via elevated levels of tissue factor. Likewise, AGEs upregulate the expression of cell receptors (RAGE) on both endothelial and glial cells, a hallmark biomarker of inflammation in diabetic cells. Examining the effects of AGEs stimulation on cellular functions that work to diminish iBRB integrity will greatly help to advance therapies that target vision loss in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Maribel Vazquez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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3
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Panzer B, Kopp CW, Neumayer C, Koppensteiner R, Jozkowicz A, Poledniczek M, Gremmel T, Jilma B, Wadowski PP. Toll-like Receptors as Pro-Thrombotic Drivers in Viral Infections: A Narrative Review. Cells 2023; 12:1865. [PMID: 37508529 PMCID: PMC10377790 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have a critical role in the pathogenesis and disease course of viral infections. The induced pro-inflammatory responses result in the disturbance of the endovascular surface layer and impair vascular homeostasis. The injury of the vessel wall further promotes pro-thrombotic and pro-coagulatory processes, eventually leading to micro-vessel plugging and tissue necrosis. Moreover, TLRs have a direct role in the sensing of viruses and platelet activation. TLR-mediated upregulation of von Willebrand factor release and neutrophil, as well as macrophage extra-cellular trap formation, further contribute to (micro-) thrombotic processes during inflammation. The following review focuses on TLR signaling pathways of TLRs expressed in humans provoking pro-thrombotic responses, which determine patient outcome during viral infections, especially in those with cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Panzer
- Department of Cardiology, Wilhelminenspital, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph W Kopp
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Koppensteiner
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alicja Jozkowicz
- Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Michael Poledniczek
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Gremmel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy and Interventional Cardiology, Karl Landsteiner Society, 3100 St. Pölten, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Landesklinikum Mistelbach-Gänserndorf, 2130 Mistelbach, Austria
| | - Bernd Jilma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Patricia P Wadowski
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Amalia M, Puteri MU, Saputri FC, Sauriasari R, Widyantoro B. Platelet Glycoprotein-Ib (GPIb) May Serve as a Bridge between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Atherosclerosis, Making It a Potential Target for Antiplatelet Agents in T2DM Patients. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1473. [PMID: 37511848 PMCID: PMC10381765 DOI: 10.3390/life13071473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a persistent metabolic condition that contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Numerous studies have provided evidence that individuals with T2DM are at a greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, typically two to four times more likely than those without T2DM, mainly due to an increased risk of atherosclerosis. The rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque leading to pathological thrombosis is commonly recognized as a significant factor in advancing cardiovascular diseases caused by TD2M, with platelets inducing the impact of plaque rupture in established atherosclerosis and predisposing to the primary expansion of atherosclerosis. Studies suggest that individuals with T2DM have platelets that display higher baseline activation and reactivity than those without the condition. The expression enhancement of several platelet receptors is known to regulate platelet activation signaling, including platelet glycoprotein-Ib (GPIb). Furthermore, the high expression of platelet GP1b has been reported to increase the risk of platelet adhesion, platelet-leucocyte interaction, and thrombo-inflammatory pathology. However, the study exploring the role of GP1b in promoting platelet activation-induced cardiovascular diseases in T2DM patients is still limited. Therefore, we summarize the important findings regarding pathophysiological continuity between T2DM, platelet GPIb, and atherosclerosis and highlight the potential therapy targeting GPIb as a novel antiplatelet agent for preventing further cardiovascular incidents in TD2M patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muttia Amalia
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Meidi Utami Puteri
- Laboratory of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Fadlina Chany Saputri
- Laboratory of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Rani Sauriasari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Widyantoro
- National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 11420, Indonesia
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The Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors Reduce Platelet Activation and Thrombus Formation by Lowering NOX2-Related Oxidative Stress: A Pilot Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101878. [PMID: 36290601 PMCID: PMC9598474 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium−glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors or gliflozins, the newest anti-hyperglycemic class, induce cardioprotective benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). As platelet activation and oxidative stress play a key role in atherothrombotic-related complications, we hypothesized that gliflozins might modulate oxidative stress, platelet activation and thrombus formation. We performed an interventional open-label single-arm before-after study in 32 T2D patients on top of their ongoing metformin therapy. The population was divided into two groups: treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA, Group A) and gliflozins (Group B). Oxidative stress, platelet activation and thrombus growth were assessed before and after 15 days of treatment. Compared to the baseline, gliflozins treatment significantly decreased sNOX2-dp (−45.2%, p < 0.001), H2O2 production (−53.4%, p < 0.001), TxB2 (−33.1%, p < 0.001), sP-selectin (−49.3%, p < 0.001) and sCD40L levels (−62.3%, p < 0.001) as well as thrombus formation (−32%, p < 0.001), whereas it potentiated anti-oxidant power (HBA, +30.8%, p < 0.001). Moreover, a significant difference in oxidative stress, platelet activation and thrombus formation across groups A and B was found. In addition, an in vitro study on stimulated platelets treated with gliflozins (10−30 μM) showed a reduction in oxidative stress, platelet activation and thrombus growth. Our results showed that gliflozins have antiplatelet and antithrombic activity related to an NOX2 down-regulation, suggesting a new mechanism responsible for cardiovascular protection.
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Sumbal R, Ali Baig MM, Sumbal A. Predictors of Mortality in Acute Mesenteric Ischemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Surg Res 2022; 275:72-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Huang Y, Yue L, Qiu J, Gao M, Liu S, Wang J. Endothelial Dysfunction and Platelet Hyperactivation in Diabetic Complications Induced by Glycemic Variability. Horm Metab Res 2022; 54:419-428. [PMID: 35835141 PMCID: PMC9282943 DOI: 10.1055/a-1880-0978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The development and progression of the complications of chronic diabetes mellitus are attributed not only to increased blood glucose levels but also to glycemic variability. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the role of glycemic variability in the development of diabetic complications may provide more insight into targeted clinical treatment strategies in the future. Previously, the mechanisms implicated in glycemic variability-induced diabetic complications have been comprehensively discussed. However, endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivation, which are two newly recognized critical pathogenic factors, have not been fully elucidated yet. In this review, we first evaluate the assessment of glycemic variability and then summarise the roles of endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivation in glycemic variability-induced complications of diabetes, highlighting the molecular mechanisms involved and their interconnections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Huang
- Emergency Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Xiyuan
Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Long Yue
- Emergency Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Xiyuan
Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahuang Qiu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sijin Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingshang Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University
Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing, China
- Correspondence Prof. Jingshang
Wang Capital Medical University Beijing Obstetrics and
Gynecology HospitalDepartment of Traditional Chinese
MedicineBeijingChina 18811213525
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Liu Q, Wei S, Wang F. Prothrombotic state and calcium deficiency in early pregnancy are risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study. Gynecol Endocrinol 2022; 38:407-410. [PMID: 35343877 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2022.2047170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether the prothrombotic state (PTS), calcium deficiency and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in early pregnancy is associated with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study, including consecutive pregnant women tested for PTS, calcium deficiency and IDA before 20 weeks' gestation between September 1, 2017 and March 21, 2021. For routine prenatal care, pregnant women underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to make a GDM diagnosis during 24-28 weeks of gestation. Testing data and relevant clinical information were obtained from Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital. To estimate GDM risk of exposures (PTS, calcium deficiency and IDA) in early pregnancy, we used logistic regression to obtain odds ratio (OR) adjusted for maternal age, parity, family history of diabetes and pre-pregnancy body mass index. RESULTS The cohort included 8396 pregnant women with complete data of exposures and GDM outcomes. Baseline characteristics were not comparable between exposure and control groups. PTS (adjusted OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.61-3.52) or calcium deficiency (adjusted OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.02-1.49) in early pregnancy was independently associated with increased GDM risk after adjusting covariates. There was no significant association between IDA status and GDM risk (adjusted OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.63-1.18). CONCLUSIONS PTS and calcium deficiency in early pregnancy may be independent risk factors of GDM. These findings need further validation in well-designed prospective cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Liu
- Department of Prevention and Health Care, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Center, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Jinan University, China
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Zhou Z, Chen J, Zhang ZX, Wang FB, Wang L, Lin Y, Zhang X, Liu J. Solubilization of luteolin in PVP40 solid dispersion improves inflammation-induced insulin resistance in mice. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 174:106188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Bharath R, Nair KKM, Gupta D, Vijayan R. Assessment of Lewis negative phenotype as a risk factor for multivessel disease in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Transfus Clin Biol 2021; 29:129-133. [PMID: 34974187 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute coronary syndrome is a manifestation of coronary artery disease caused by decreased blood flow to the heart musculature resulting in ischaemia and infarction of the heart. The Lewis (Le) blood group system comprise mainly Lewis a & b antigens which are secreted in plasma and are expressed on red cells, platelets and endothelium. This study assesses the risk of multivessel disease in acute coronary patients with lewis negative (a- b-) phenotype. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 183 patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome and who underwent coronary angiography to detect stenosis of the coronary vessels. The severity of the disease was classified based upon the number of vessels stenosed and their blood sample was phenotyped for Lewis antigens. The patients' risk factors, GRACE score and management were included for the study and multivariate logistic regression was carried out for analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of Lewis (a- b-) was 27.4% and there was a significant association with multivessel disease (P<0.05). However, there was no association of lewis (a- b-) with any of the risk factors causing coronary disease. The adjusted odds ratio of triple vessel disease in lewis (a- b-) was 2.6, female gender was 0.6 and patients with diabetes mellitus was 3.1, respectively. The GRACE score showed a significant association with ABO blood group (P<0.05) but not with lewis (a- b-). DISCUSSION Lewis negative patients are more likely to develop triple vessel disease compared to other lewis blood groups. This warrants further studies to investigate the link between lewis system and atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Bharath
- Department of transfusion medicine, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India.
| | - Krishna Kumar Mohanan Nair
- Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Debasish Gupta
- Department of transfusion medicine, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Reshma Vijayan
- Department of transfusion medicine, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
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An Observational Study on Patients with Acute Limb Ischemia and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Early and Late Results in Limb Salvage Rate. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10215083. [PMID: 34768611 PMCID: PMC8584433 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10215083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
An observational study on 22 patients presenting with acute limb ischemia and SARS-CoV-2 infection, and without any other embolic risk factors, was performed. All patients were classified according to Rutherford classification for acute limb ischemia. The primary goal of this study was to assess the risk of amputation in these patients after revascularization procedures. The secondary goal was to find the correlation between acute limb ischemia (ALI) severity, patient comorbidities, risk of death, and the association of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patients were treated by open surgery (18 patients—81.81%) or by the means of endovascular techniques (four patients—18.18%). The amputation-free survival rate was 81.81% in hospital and 86.36% at 1-month follow-up. In this study, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 infection did not influence the amputation-free survival rate: it was only the risk factor for the arterial thrombosis and the trigger for the acute ischemic event. The application of the standard treatment—open surgery or endovascular revascularization—in patients with acute limb ischemia and SARS-CoV-2 infection represents the key to success for lower limb salvage.
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Mineral Analysis, In Vitro Evaluation of Alpha-Amylase, Alpha-Glucosidase, and Beta-Galactosidase Inhibition, and Antibacterial Activities of Juglans regia L. Bark Extracts. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:1585692. [PMID: 34485509 PMCID: PMC8413037 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1585692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In traditional medicine, various parts of the plant Juglans regia L. are used to treat several pathological conditions including diabetes and infectious and periodontal diseases. This includes the bark of Juglans regia. The present study is aimed at evaluating for the first time the mineral composition, investigating the antidiabetic and antibacterial properties of Moroccan J. regia bark, and finally determining the correlations between the chemical composition of the tested extracts and their biological activities. The mineral composition was determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Then, nine extracts were prepared by different methods and modalities of extractions and investigated for their antidiabetic activities, via tests of inhibition of alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, and beta-galactosidase enzymes, and for their antibacterial activities against six strains involved in infectious diseases and periodontology. Finally, the correlation between the chemical compositions of the different extracts prepared and their antidiabetic and antibacterial potencies was determined by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). J. regia is an important source of mineral elements, mainly Fe (19849.8), K (3487.8), Mg (2631.03), and P (691.02) mg/kg plant material. All the extracts of J. regia possess antidiabetic activity, and in particular, the macerated acetone extract gave the highest inhibitory activity against alpha-amylase (IC50 value of 5445.33 ± 82.58 μg/mL), alpha-glucosidase (IC50 value of 323.7 ± 1.71 μg/mL), and beta-galactosidase (IC50 value of 811.2 ± 8.32 μg/mL). For the results of antibacterial activity, the macerated acetone extract at the concentration of 80 mg/mL was found to be the most active by inducing inhibition diameters of 12, 17, 18, 11, 14.5, and 16 mm against Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Listeria innocua, respectively. PCA allowed us to deduce that the extracts richer in polyphenols, in particular, the two acetone and ethanol macerates, have a better antidiabetic activity against alpha-glucosidase as well as a better antibacterial activity. The results of the present study revealed that the aqueous and organic macerate extracts showed a better antidiabetic activity and justified the use of J. regia bark as an antibacterial and antiseptic agent in traditional Moroccan medicine in the treatment of dental affections.
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Wang H, Cao J, Su JB, Wang XQ, Zhang DM, Wang XH. The relationship between insulin sensitivity and serum antithrombin 3 activity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Endocr Connect 2021; 10:667-675. [PMID: 34077393 PMCID: PMC8240710 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antithrombin 3 (AT3) is a physiological inhibitor of thrombin, and serum AT3 activity was found to decrease at the status of type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D was presented with an increased risk of thrombotic complications at the background of impaired insulin sensitivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between insulin sensitivity indices and serum AT3 activity in patients with T2D. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study in patients with T2D who consented to participate in the study at the Endocrinology Department of Affiliated 2 Hospital of Nantong University from January 2015 to June 2018. All patients received serum AT3 activity test and 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Basal and systemic insulin sensitivity were assessed by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Matsuda index (ISIMatsuda), respectively, from the OGTT. And other relevant clinical data were also collected. RESULTS Total of 1612 patients with T2D were enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 58.67 ± 13.09 years and a median diabetes duration of 6 years (interquartile range, 1-10 years). Across ascending quartiles of serum AT3 activity, HOMA-IR progressively decreased, while ISIMatsuda progressively increased (all P for trend < 0.001). Moreover, serum AT3 activity was negatively correlated with HOMA-IR (r = -0.189, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with ISIMatsuda (r = 0.221, P < 0.001). After adjusting for other metabolic risk factors, hemostatic parameters and glucose-lowering therapies by multivariate linear regression analysis, HOMA-IR (β = -0.185, t = -5.960, P < 0.001) and ISIMatsuda (β = 0.197, t = 6.632, P < 0.001) remained independently associated with the serum AT3 activity in patients with T2D, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Reduced basal and systemic insulin sensitivity are associated with decreased serum AT3 activity in patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
| | - Jian-bin Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to J Su or X Wang: or
| | - Xue-qin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to J Su or X Wang: or
| | - Dong-mei Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
| | - Xiao-hua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
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Nappi F, Iervolino A, Avtaar Singh SS. Thromboembolic Complications of SARS-CoV-2 and Metabolic Derangements: Suggestions from Clinical Practice Evidence to Causative Agents. Metabolites 2021; 11:341. [PMID: 34070672 PMCID: PMC8229698 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11060341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus (CoV)-2 is a recently identified positive sense single-strand RNA (ssRNA) β-coronavirus. The viral spike proteins infect human hosts by binding to the cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The infection causes a systemic illness involving cell metabolism. This widespread involvement is implicated in the pathophysiology of the illness which ranges from mild to severe, requiring multi organ support, ranging from oxygen supplementation to full cardiovascular and respiratory support. Patients with multiple co-existing comorbidities are also at a higher risk. The aim of this review is to explore the exact mechanisms by which COVID-19 affects patients systemically with a primary focus on the bleeding and thrombotic complications linked with the disease. Issues surrounding the thrombotic complications following administration of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Astra-Zeneca-Oxford) vaccine have also been illustrated. Risk stratification and treatment options in these patients should be tailored according to clinical severity with input from a multidisciplinary team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Centre Cardiologique du Nord de Saint-Denis, Department of Cardiac Surgery, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
| | - Adelaide Iervolino
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Agamemnon St, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK;
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Chen X, Chen Y, Wu C, Wei M, Xu J, Chao YC, Song J, Hou D, Zhang Y, Du C, Li X, Song Y. Coagulopathy is a major extrapulmonary risk factor for mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 with type 2 diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/2/e001851. [PMID: 33214191 PMCID: PMC7677866 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the risk factors for the death in patients with COVID-19 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We retrospectively enrolled inpatients with COVID-19 from Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital (Wuhan, China) between December 25, 2019, and March 3, 2020. The epidemiological and clinical data were compared between non-T2DM and T2DM or between survivors and non-survivors. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to explore the effect of T2DM and complications on in-hospital death. RESULTS A total of 1105 inpatients with COVID-19, 967 subjects with without T2DM (n=522 male, 54.0%) and 138 subjects with pre-existing T2DM (n=82 male, 59.4%) were included for baseline characteristics analyses. The complications were also markedly increased in patients with pre-existing T2DM, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (48.6% vs 32.3%, p<0.001), acute cardiac injury (ACI) (36.2% vs 16.7%, p<0.001), acute kidney injury (AKI) (24.8% vs 9.5%, p<0.001), coagulopathy (24.8% vs 11.1%, p<0.001), and hypoproteinemia (21.2% vs 9.4%, p<0.001). The in-hospital mortality was significantly higher in patients with pre-existing T2DM compared with those without T2DM (35.3% vs 17.4%, p<0.001). Moreover, in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 with T2DM, ARDS and coagulopathy were the main causes of mortality, with an HR of 7.96 (95% CI 2.25 to 28.24, p=0.001) for ARDS and an HR of 2.37 (95% CI 1.08 to 5.21, p=0.032) for coagulopathy. This was different from inpatients with COVID-19 without T2DM, in whom ARDS and cardiac injury were the main causes of mortality, with an HR of 12.18 (95% CI 5.74 to 25.89, p<0.001) for ARDS and an HR of 4.42 (95% CI 2.73 to 7.15, p<0.001) for cardiac injury. CONCLUSIONS Coagulopathy was a major extrapulmonary risk factor for death in inpatients with COVID-19 with T2DM rather than ACI and AKI, which were well associated with mortality in inpatients with COVID-19 without T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaomin Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Qingpu Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Wei
- Tuberculosis and Respiratory Department, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fengxian Guhua Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yen-Cheng Chao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongni Hou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuye Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunling Du
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Qingpu Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanlin Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Qingpu Branch, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Osiński M, Mantaj U, Kędzia M, Gutaj P, Wender-Ożegowska E. Poor glycaemic control contributes to a shift towards prothrombotic and antifibrinolytic state in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237843. [PMID: 33031385 PMCID: PMC7544075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OJECTIVES Thrombotic and antifibrinolytic influence of Diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) on haemostasis have been well demonstrated. There has been no research assessing the influence of poor glycemic control on thrombus formation under flow conditions in vitro or in pregnant type 1 diabetic women to date. PATIENTS/METHODS This study compared singleton pregnant T1DM women (n = 21) and control pregnant subjects without any metabolic disease (n = 15). The T1DM group was divided into two subgroups of sufficient (SGC-DM; HbA1c ≤6,5%,n = 15) and poor glycaemic control (PGC-DM; HbA1c >6,5%,n = 6). Evaluation of the whole blood thrombogenicity we assessed using T-TAS® at a shear rate of 240 s-1 (Total-Thrombus Analysis System, Zacros, Japan). RESULTS Blood clot formation initiation time (T10) was significantly shortened in PGC-DM subgroup when compared to SGC-DM subgroup (p = 0,03). The area under the curve (AUC30) of blood clot time formation and the MPV (mean platelet volume) values were substantially higher in the PGC-DM subgroup in comparison to the SGC-DM group (p = 0,03). Negative correlations were noted between HbA1c and T10 values (p = 0,02) and between T10 and MPV values in the T1DM group (p = 0,04). CONCLUSIONS Poor glycaemic control in T1DM subjects triggers a shift towards a prothrombotic and antifibrinolytic state. This phenomenon can be detected using the novel system for quantitative assessment of the platelet thrombus formation process under flow conditions in vitro. The alteration of T-TAS values in PGC-DM subgroup proves that a poor glycemic control-related shift of the equilibrium toward thrombogenesis occurs in this group of patients. Our findings need a further elucidation in research on more massive data sets to be confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Osiński
- Department of Reproduction, Chair of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Urszula Mantaj
- Department of Reproduction, Chair of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kędzia
- Department of Reproduction, Chair of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Gutaj
- Department of Reproduction, Chair of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Wender-Ożegowska
- Department of Reproduction, Chair of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Zhang JR, Sun HJ. Roles of circular RNAs in diabetic complications: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic potential. Gene 2020; 763:145066. [PMID: 32827686 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is characterized by changed homeostasis of blood glucose levels, which is associated with various complications, including cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy. In recent years, accumulative evidence has demonstrated that circular RNAs are identified as a novel type of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) involving in the regulation of various physiological processes and pathologic conditions. Specifically, the emergence of complications response to diabetes is finely controlled by a complex gene regulatory network in which circular RNAs play a critical role. Recently, circular RNAs are emerging as messengers that could influence cellular functions under diabetic conditions. Dysregulation of circular RNAs has been closely linked to the pathophysiology of diabetes-related complications. In this review, we aimed to summarize the current progression and underlying mechanisms of circular RNA in the development of diabetes-related complications. We will also provide an overview of circular RNA-regulated cell communications in different types of cells that have been linked to diabetic complications. We anticipated that the completion of this review will provide potential clues for developing novel circular RNAs-based biomarkers or therapeutic targets for diabetes and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ru Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, PR China
| | - Hai-Jian Sun
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
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18
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Sobczak AIS, Stewart AJ. Coagulatory Defects in Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6345. [PMID: 31888259 PMCID: PMC6940903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes (both type-1 and type-2) affects millions of individuals worldwide. A major cause of death for individuals with diabetes is cardiovascular diseases, in part since both types of diabetes lead to physiological changes that affect haemostasis. Those changes include altered concentrations of coagulatory proteins, hyper-activation of platelets, changes in metal ion homeostasis, alterations in lipid metabolism (leading to lipotoxicity in the heart and atherosclerosis), the presence of pro-coagulatory microparticles and endothelial dysfunction. In this review, we explore the different mechanisms by which diabetes leads to an increased risk of developing coagulatory disorders and how this differs between type-1 and type-2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan J. Stewart
- Medical and Biological Sciences Building, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK;
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19
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Catan A, Turpin C, Diotel N, Patche J, Guerin-Dubourg A, Debussche X, Bourdon E, Ah-You N, Le Moullec N, Besnard M, Veerapen R, Rondeau P, Meilhac O. Aging and glycation promote erythrocyte phagocytosis by human endothelial cells: Potential impact in atherothrombosis under diabetic conditions. Atherosclerosis 2019; 291:87-98. [PMID: 31704555 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherothrombotic plaques of type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients are characterized by an increased neovascularization and intraplaque hemorrhage. The clearance of erythrocytes may be carried out by vascular cells. We explored the potential of human endothelial cells to bind and phagocyte in vitro aged and/or glycated erythrocytes as well as erythrocytes obtained from diabetic patients. METHODS Fresh, aged and glycated-aged erythrocytes from healthy volunteers and T2D patients were tested for their binding and phagocytosis capacity as well as the potential functional consequences on endothelial cells (viability, proliferation and wound healing capacity). Immunohistochemistry was also performed in human carotid atherothrombotic samples (from patients with or without T2D). RESULTS Aging and glycation of erythrocytes induced phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and oxidative stress leading to enhanced endothelial cell binding and engulfment. Phagocytosis by endothelial cells was more pronounced with aged and glycated erythrocytes than with fresh ones. Phagocytosis was enhanced with T2D versus healthy erythrocytes. Furthermore, endothelial wound healing potential was significantly blunted after exposure to glycated-aged versus fresh erythrocytes. Finally, we show that interactions between erythrocytes and endothelial cells and their potential phagocytosis may occur in vivo, in atherothrombotic conditions, in neovessels and in the luminal endothelial lining. CONCLUSIONS Endothelial cells may play an important role in erythrocyte clearance in an atherothrombotic environment. Under diabetic conditions, erythrocyte glycation favors their engulfment by endothelial cells and may participate in endothelial dysfunction, thereby promoting vulnerable atherothrombotic plaques to rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Catan
- Université de la Réunion, Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490, France
| | - Chloé Turpin
- Université de la Réunion, Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490, France
| | - Nicolas Diotel
- Université de la Réunion, Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490, France
| | - Jessica Patche
- Université de la Réunion, Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490, France
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Bourdon
- Université de la Réunion, Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490, France
| | | | | | | | - Reuben Veerapen
- Clinique Sainte Clotilde, Groupe de santé Clinifutur, Saint Denis, France
| | - Philippe Rondeau
- Université de la Réunion, Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490, France
| | - Olivier Meilhac
- Université de la Réunion, Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490, France; CHU de La Réunion, Saint-Denis, Saint-Pierre, France.
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Ji S, Ning X, Zhang B, Shi H, Liu Z, Zhang J. Platelet distribution width, platelet count, and plateletcrit in diabetic retinopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of PRISMA guidelines. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16510. [PMID: 31335726 PMCID: PMC6708780 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Screening and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) mainly depends on fundus examination, which is not an intuitive and simple screening or diagnostic method. Recently, the relationship between platelet parameters and DR has become a hot topic. Whether platelet parameters have clinical value in DR is controversial. METHODS Literature was retrieved by formal search of electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Scopus, and CNKI) and by hand searching of reference lists of related articles from the beginning of building database to December 2017. Review manager 5.3 was utilized to deal with statistical data. This study was registered at International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (number: CRD42018093773). RESULTS This study included 1720 DR patients, 1477 type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) without DR patients and 1456 health controls in 21 eligible studies. We found there was significant increase of platelet distribution width (PDW) level in the comparison of DR versus Control group (standard mean difference [SMD] [95% confidence interval [CI]] = 1.04 [0.68, 1.40]) and DR versus T2DM without DR group (SMD [95% CI] = 0.68 [0.40, 0.95]). For platelet count (PLT), it showed obvious decrease in the comparison of DR versus T2DM without DR group (SMD [95% CI] = -0.26 [-0.49, -0.03]) and no difference in comparison of DR versus Control (SMD [95% CI] = -0.26 [-0.51, -0.00]). Subgroup analysis showed that significant result of PDW level appeared in China and Turkey in all comparisons, while similar results of PLT only in China. In addition, PDW level was different in various DR-subtypes, obvious high level in proliferation DR. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that the guiding significance of PDW and PLT in diagnosis and monitor of DR, and especially, application of PDW to PDR management may have potential sense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaifei Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital
| | - Xiaona Ning
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital
| | - Babo Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, Shaanxi, China
| | - Heng Shi
- School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital
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