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Lebel A, Zhang L, Gonçalves D. Chemical and Visual Cues as Modulators of the Stress Response to Social Isolation in the Marine Medaka, Oryzias melastigma. Zebrafish 2024; 21:15-27. [PMID: 38377346 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2023.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The marine medaka is emerging as a potential behavioral model organism for ocean studies, namely on marine ecotoxicology. However, not much is known on the behavior of the species and behavioral assays lack standardization. This study assesses the marine medaka as a potential model for chemical communication. We investigated how short exposure to visual and chemical cues mediated the stress response to social isolation with the light/dark preference test (LDPT) and the open field test (OFT). After a 5-day isolation period, and 1 h before testing, isolated fish were randomly assigned to one of four groups: (1) placed in visual contact with conspecifics; (2) exposed to a flow of holding water from a group of conspecifics; (3) exposed to both visual and chemical cues from conspecifics; or (4) not exposed to any stimuli (controls). During the LDPT, the distance traveled and transitions between zones were more pronounced in animals exposed to the conspecific's chemical stimuli. The time spent in each area did not differ between the groups, but a clear preference for the bright area in all animals indicates robust phototaxis. During the OFT, animals exposed only to chemical cues initially traveled more than those exposed to visual or both stimuli, and displayed lower thigmotaxis. Taken together, results show that chemical cues play a significant role in exploratory behavior in this species and confirm the LDPT and OFT as suitable tests for investigating chemical communication in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Lebel
- Institute of Science and Environment, University of Saint Joseph, Macao, China
| | - Libin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- College of Marine Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - David Gonçalves
- Institute of Science and Environment, University of Saint Joseph, Macao, China
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Rocha GS, de Palma Lopes LF, Espíndola ELG. Copper and cadmium, isolated and in the mixture, impact the Neotropical freshwater Calanoida copepod Notodiaptomus iheringi: A short-term approach with environmental concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 105:104326. [PMID: 38000686 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Metal discharges in aquatic ecosystems are of concern since they affect different trophic levels, altering the functioning of the aquatic food chain. The metals can interact among them and with other pollutants, resulting in complex mixtures whose effects on biota are unpredictable. The impacts of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd), isolated and combined, on the freshwater copepod Notodiaptomus iheringi were assessed in acute and sub-chronic exposures. Species sensitivity distribution (SSD) curves were constructed for both metals. In the acute tests antagonism was observed in mortality, while in sub-chronic, mortality was not affected; however, the eggs produced and percentage of viable eggs were significantly altered. Our data suggest that egg production can be a detoxification route in N. iheringi under Cu and mixture exposure. From the SSD curves, N. iheringi was the most sensitive Brazilian species for Cu and the second most sensitive for Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giseli Swerts Rocha
- NEEA/CRHEA, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400, Parque Arnold Schmidt, CEP 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Laís Fernanda de Palma Lopes
- NEEA/CRHEA, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400, Parque Arnold Schmidt, CEP 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola
- NEEA/CRHEA, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400, Parque Arnold Schmidt, CEP 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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3
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Rocha GS, de Palma Lopes LF, de Medeiros JF, Montagner CC, Gaeta Espíndola EL. Environmental concentrations of cadmium and fipronil, isolated and combined, impair the survival and reproduction of a Neotropical freshwater copepod. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122415. [PMID: 37604390 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities such as agriculture and industry increase contaminants that reach the water bodies, potentially threatening the biota. Most likely, these pollutants occur in complex mixtures. The effects on organisms can be potentiated (synergism) or reduced (antagonism) according to the interaction between the stressors or the species. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal present in phosphate fertilizers, and fipronil is an insecticide broadly used in sugarcane crops. Copepods are important energy transfer links in aquatic environments, and effects on this group impact the whole trophic chain. In this study, we evaluated the responses of the freshwater Calanoida copepod Notodiaptomus iheringi, naturally present in water bodies that can be affected by sugarcane cultures in Brazil. The organisms were exposed to environmental concentrations of Cd and fipronil, isolated and in the mixture, in acute (48 h) and sub-chronic (8 d) tests. Our data indicate that both contaminants affect the survival of the organisms in acute or sub-chronic exposures. Cadmium did not affect egg production or hatching, while fipronil impacted these endpoints negatively. The Cd-fipronil combination resulted in antagonistic responses in survival (acute and sub-chronic) and egg production. A synergistic response was observed in egg hatching. Our results suggest that Cd presents a protective effect in the mixture with fipronil; however, it is not enough to prevent egg-hatching inhibition. These responses highlight how tricky it is to deal with pollutants' interaction in environmental concentrations since synergism is the most common response to metal-pesticide mixtures. Our data point out N. iheringi as a sensitive organism in the presence of contaminants and reflects the threat of chemical mixtures in concentrations found in water bodies close to sugarcane crops in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giseli Swerts Rocha
- NEEA/CRHEA, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (EESC/USP), Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400, Parque Arnold Schmidt, CEP, 13566-590, São Carlos-SP, Brazil.
| | - Laís Fernanda de Palma Lopes
- NEEA/CRHEA, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (EESC/USP), Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400, Parque Arnold Schmidt, CEP, 13566-590, São Carlos-SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Cassiana C Montagner
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP, 13083-970, Campinas-SP, Brazil.
| | - Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola
- NEEA/CRHEA, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (EESC/USP), Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400, Parque Arnold Schmidt, CEP, 13566-590, São Carlos-SP, Brazil.
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4
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Al Marshoudi M, Al Reasi HA, Al Habsi A, Barry MJ. Additive effects of microplastics on accumulation and toxicity of cadmium in male zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 334:138969. [PMID: 37244557 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have emerged as contaminants of concern because of their ubiquitous presence in almost all aquatic environments. The ecological effects of MPs are complex and depend on multiple factors including their age, size and the ecological matrix. There is an urgent need for multifactorial studies to elucidate their impacts. We measured the effects of virgin and naturally aged MPs, alone, pretreated with cadmium (Cd), or in combination with ionic Cd, on the bioaccumulation of Cd, metallothionein expression, behavior, and histopathology of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Zebrafish were exposed to virgin or aged polyethylene MPs (0.1% MPs enriched diets, w/w) or waterborne Cd (50 μg/L) or a combination of the two for 21 days. There was an additive interaction between water-borne Cd and MPs on bioaccumulation in males but not in females, Cd accumulation increased by twofold when water-borne Cd and MPs were combined. Water-borne Cd significantly induced higher levels of metallothionein compared to MPs pre-exposed to Cd. However, Cd-treated MPs caused greater damage to the intestine and liver compared to untreated MPs suggesting that bound Cd could be released or modulate MPs toxicity. We also showed that co-exposure to water-borne Cd and MPs increased anxiety in the zebrafish, compared with water-borne Cd alone, suggesting using microplastics as a vector may increase toxicity. This study demonstrates that MPs can enhance the toxicity of Cd, but further study is needed to elucidate the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maklas Al Marshoudi
- Biology Department, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 36, Muscat, 123, Sultanate of Oman; Current Address: College of Applied Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Technology and Applied Sciences (UTA), Muscat, PO Box 74, Al-Khuwair, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Hassan A Al Reasi
- Biology Department, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 36, Muscat, 123, Sultanate of Oman; Center for Environmental Studies and Research, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khod, Muscat, PO Box: 17, Postal Code: 123 SQU, Oman
| | - Aziz Al Habsi
- Biology Department, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 36, Muscat, 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Michael J Barry
- Biology Department, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 36, Muscat, 123, Sultanate of Oman.
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Xu P, Lai S, Wu L, Chen W, Chen Y, Xu D, Xiang J, Cheng P, Chen Z, Wang X, Lou X, Tang J. Insights into the health status of the general population living near an electroplating industry zone: metal elevations and renal impairment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:31905-31915. [PMID: 36459323 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24411-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 in Zhejiang Province, China, to evaluate the body burdens of metals and metalloids associated with renal dysfunction in populations living near electroplating industries. We recruited 236 subjects and performed physical examinations, determined the blood and urinary levels of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), and selenium (Se) by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), and measured three renal impairment biomarkers, namely nacetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), retinol-binding protein (RBP), and β2-microglobulin (BMG). The proportion of abnormal nasal symptoms in the exposure group (10.1%) was much higher than in the control group (0; p < 0.05). The blood and urinary levels of As, Cd, and Se in the exposure group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The blood levels of Mn and Pb, as well as the urinary levels of Cr and Ni, were significantly higher in the exposure group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The exposure group demonstrated higher levels of NAG, RBP, and BMG than the control group (0.51 vs. 0.14 mg/g creatinine, 12.79 vs. 9.26 IU/g creatinine, and 1.39 vs. 0.78 mg/g creatinine, respectively; p < 0.05). Urinary BMG was positively correlated with urinary Cd levels (r = 0.223, p < 0.05), while urinary RBP was correlated with blood Cd levels (r = 0.151, p < 0.05) and urinary Cd, Cr, Ni, and Se levels (r = 0.220, 0.303, 0.162, and 0.306, respectively; p < 0.05). In conclusion, our study indicated that a population living in the vicinity of electroplating industries had high body burdens of certain metals and metalloids associated with non-negligible renal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwei Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Shiming Lai
- Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 154 Xi'an Road, Xin'an District, Quzhou, 324003, China
| | - Lizhi Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Weizhong Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Zhijian Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Xiaoming Lou
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
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6
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Liu Y, Chen Q, Li Y, Bi L, Jin L, Peng R. Toxic Effects of Cadmium on Fish. TOXICS 2022; 10:622. [PMID: 36287901 PMCID: PMC9608472 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of enriched cadmium (Cd) in the environment seriously threatens the healthy and sustainable development of the aquaculture industry and greatly restricts the development of the food processing industry. Studying the distribution and toxic effects of Cd in fish, as well as the possible toxic effects of Cd on the human body, is very significant. A large number of studies have shown that the accumulation and distribution of Cd in fish are biologically specific, cause tissue differences, and seriously damage the integrity of tissue structure and function, the antioxidant defense system, the reproductive regulation system, and the immune system. The physiological, biochemical, enzyme, molecular, and gene expression levels change with different concentrations and times of Cd exposure, and these changes are closely related to the target sites of Cd action and tissues in fish. Therefore, the toxic effects of Cd on fish occur with multiple tissues, systems, and levels.
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7
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Yang F, Zhang G, Liu J, Duan S, Li L, Lu Y, Wang MQ, Zhou A. Sublethal Exposure to Cadmium Induces Chemosensory Dysfunction in Fire Ants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:12440-12451. [PMID: 35944015 PMCID: PMC9454817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ants easily accumulate cadmium (Cd) from the food web in terrestrial ecosystems. Cd contamination may cause olfactory dysfunction and consequently disorders in the social behavior of ants. To explore the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of Cd exposure on the chemosensory process of ants, we characterized the Cd-induced variations in the expression of genes involved in chemoreception and electrophysiological and behavioral sensitivity to semiochemicals by using the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, as a model system. As a result, Cd exposure increased Cd accumulation and decreased the survival rate of S. invicta. Cd exposure altered the expression profiles of odor binding protein genes of S. invicta (SiOBPs). Specifically, SiOBP15 protein expression was upregulated upon Cd exposure. Both SiOBP7 and SiOBP15 exhibited high binding affinities to limonene, nonanal, and 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine. S. invicta exposed to Cd showed less sensitive electrophysiological and behavioral response to the three chemicals but exhibited sensitive perception to undecane. Silencing of SiOBP7 and SiOBP15 abolished the behavioral response of S. invicta to nonanal and undecane, respectively, suggesting that SiOBP7 and SiOBP15 play essential roles in the chemoreception of S. invicta. In general, our results suggest that Cd contamination may interfere with olfactory signal transduction by altering the expression of SiOBPs, consequently evoking chemosensory dysfunction in fire ants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxiang Yang
- Hubei
Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,
College of Plant Science and Technology,
Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Hubei
Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,
College of Plant Science and Technology,
Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinlong Liu
- Hubei
Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,
College of Plant Science and Technology,
Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shuanggang Duan
- Hubei
Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,
College of Plant Science and Technology,
Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lei Li
- Environment
and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese
Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Yongyue Lu
- Department
of Entomology, South China Agricultural
University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Man-Qun Wang
- Hubei
Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,
College of Plant Science and Technology,
Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Aiming Zhou
- Hubei
Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,
College of Plant Science and Technology,
Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Wang Y, Lu J, Qu H, Cai C, Liu H, Chu J. β-Carotene extracted from Blakeslea trispora attenuates oxidative stress, inflammatory, hepatic injury and immune damage induced by copper sulfate in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 258:109366. [PMID: 35533964 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
β-Carotene, as a kind of potent antioxidant compounds, has gained extensive attention. Blakeslea trispora, a filiform aerobic fungus, has been proposed as a natural source of β-carotene for commercial exploitation. However, it has not yet been investigated whether β-carotene extracted from Blakeslea trispora can attenuate oxidative stress, inflammatory, liver injury and immune damage of zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to copper sulfate (CuSO4). In this study, we evaluated the effects of β-carotene on migration of GFP-labeled neutrophils, histological changes of liver, markers of oxidative, inflammatory cytokines and transaminase analysis, as well as the expression and activities of apoptosis, immune-related certain genes in zebrafish treated with different concentrations of β-carotene (0, 10, 20, 40 μg/mL) after exposure to CuSO4. The results indicated that β-carotene reduced migration of neutrophils and released liver damage. What's more, β-carotene was found to reduce the index levels of oxidative stress response (HMOX-1, reactive oxygen species (ROS), NADPH, MDA), inflammatory factors (interleukine-1β (IL-1β), interleukine-6 (IL-6), interleukine-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)), liver function protein (AST, ALT) which increased by CuSO4. β-Carotene also promoted the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, ACP, AKP and LZM and increased the protein of immune-related factors, IgM and IFN-γ after exposure to CuSO4. Thus, our results demonstrate that β-carotene has an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activity and participation in immunoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong 250103, China
| | - Junhua Lu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong 250103, China
| | - Huiming Qu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong 250103, China
| | - Chunjing Cai
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong 250103, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Shandong Center for Food and Drug Evaluation and Inspection, Ji'nan, Shandong 250103, China
| | - Jie Chu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong 250103, China.
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Tang C, Zhu Y, Laziyan Y, Yang C, He C, Zuo Z. Long-term exposure to cyprodinil causes abnormal zebrafish aggressive and antipredator behavior through the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal axis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 241:106002. [PMID: 34717145 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.106002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cyprodinil, one of the main pyrimidinamine fungicides, has been used to control fungal diseases in plants and vegetables worldwide. Previous studies have investigated the influences of cyprodinil on the developmental and reproductive toxicity of fish. However, it remains unknown whether it affects fish behaviors and the underlying mechanisms. In our current study, zebrafish, an ideal model animal for behavioral studies, were exposed to cyprodinil from fertilization to 240 days postfertilization at 0.1 μg/L (environmentally relevant concentration) and 1, 10 μg/L. Firstly, we observed that aggressive behavior of zebrafish was significantly enhanced after exposure to 0.1-10 μg/L cyprodinil and antipredator behavior was decreased after exposure. Cyprodinil exposure altered the adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels, which regulate cortisol homeostasis and were significantly reduced in all exposure groups (0.1-10 μg/L). In addition, most of the key genes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal gland axis, such as corticotropin-releasing hormone and melanocortin 2 receptor, were downregulated significantly in all exposure groups, which was consistent with the hormone levels. In addition, in the hypothalamus, the number of apoptotic cells increased in a dose-dependent manner in the cyprodinil exposure groups. Moreover, these changes were potentially responsible for the increased aggression of zebrafish during the mirror-like aggressive test and for the reduced antipredator behavior during the predator avoidance test. Overall, the data provided herein further our understanding of cyprodinil toxicity and can be used to assess the ecological effects of cyprodinil on the induction of abnormal behaviors at the environmental level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yibimu Laziyan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Chengyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China.
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10
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Könemann S, Meyer S, Betz A, Županič A, Vom Berg C. Sub-Lethal Peak Exposure to Insecticides Triggers Olfaction-Mediated Avoidance in Zebrafish Larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:11835-11847. [PMID: 34398619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In agricultural areas, insecticides inevitably reach water bodies via leaching or run-off. While designed to be neurotoxic to insects, insecticides have adverse effects on a multitude of organisms due to the high conservation of the nervous system among phyla. To estimate the ecological effects of insecticides, it is important to investigate their impact on non-target organisms such as fish. Using zebrafish as the model, we investigated how different classes of insecticides influence fish behavior and uncovered neuronal underpinnings of the associated behavioral changes, providing an unprecedented insight into the perception of these chemicals by fish. We observed that zebrafish larvae avoid diazinon and imidacloprid while showing no response to other insecticides with the same mode of action. Moreover, ablation of olfaction abolished the aversive responses, indicating that fish smelled the insecticides. Assessment of neuronal activity in 289 brain regions showed that hypothalamic areas involved in stress response were among the regions with the largest changes, indicating that the observed behavioral response resembles reactions to stimuli that threaten homeostasis, such as changes in water chemistry. Our results contribute to the understanding of the environmental impact of insecticide exposure and can help refine acute toxicity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Könemann
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, Route Cantonale, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stéphanie Meyer
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, Route Cantonale, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Betz
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Anže Županič
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Colette Vom Berg
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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