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Wang J, Dong X, Chen S, Lu X, Chen X, Liu H, Wen S, Tang S, Zhao T, Hou C, Ga J. Informal caregivers' attitudes towards care robots: a mixed methods systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2025:102778. [PMID: 40398539 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2025.102778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2025] [Accepted: 05/16/2025] [Indexed: 05/23/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Care Robots (CR) is capable of performing a multitude of caregiving tasks, demonstrating potential in addressing the aging crisis. However, the implementation of CR faces challenges, and user attitudes are vital for implementation of CR. Informal caregivers (IC), who are the primary providers of care and bear the heavy burden of caregiving, are seldom studied in terms of their attitudes toward CR. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the ICs' attitudes towards CR. METHODS The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and IEEE Xplore were searched from inception to September 2024. Studies related to ICs' attitudes towards CR were included. This review followed the methodology for mixed-methods reviews outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and employed a convergent integrated approach for this study. RESULTS 34 studies were included, including six quantitative studies, eighteen qualitative studies and ten mixed methods studies. Following thematic analysis and synthesis, four broad analytic themes were identified for concept of CR, expectations of CR, facilitators and barriers to use CR, and ethical concerns of CR. CONCLUSIONS ICs generally accepted the use of CR, but they also reported some concerns about using CR for implement. In order to support the safe, equitable, and people-oriented implementation of CR in the long-term care system, we propose consider the ICs' attitudes to optimize CR, offer more technical support to IC, and find a way to balance the conflict of use right between IC and their care recipients in the use of CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Wang
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaohui Dong
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shi Chen
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xianying Lu
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Huanle Liu
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shasha Wen
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shirui Tang
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chaoming Hou
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Jing Ga
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
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Sørensen L, Johannesen DT, Johnsen HM. Humanoid robots for assisting people with physical disabilities in activities of daily living: A scoping review. Assist Technol 2025; 37:203-219. [PMID: 38709552 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2024.2337194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this scoping review was to gather, summarize, and map the knowledge of peoples' experiences on humanoid robots, capable of assisting people with activities of daily living. The review was guided by the framework of Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR. We found 44 papers describing nine robots that could assist with a variety of tasks listed in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. The mixed population experienced little or no anxiety toward the robots, and most accepted the robots' ability to monitor for safety reasons. Some participants disliked the robots' large size and slow movements. Most of the participants found the robots easy to use. They wanted improvements in the robots' functionality and the ability to personalize services. Several of the participants found the services interesting and useful, but not for themselves. The experiences of humanoid robotic assistance showed an insufficient level of technical readiness for assisting in physical assistance, a lack of personalization and readiness for use in home settings. The practical relevance of these findings lies in guiding future research and development toward a more individualized approach focusing on user needs and experiences to enhance the efficacy and integration of humanoid robots in health-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sørensen
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Research and Innovation, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Dag Tomas Johannesen
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Hege Mari Johnsen
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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Chen Y, Zhao Q, Liu M, Ma G, Zhuang X. A hierarchy category of socially assistive robots' functions: Insights from older adults. Assist Technol 2025; 37:194-202. [PMID: 39760472 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2024.2446347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2025] Open
Abstract
Socially assistive robots (SARs) are increasingly recognized for their potential in helping older adults age in place. Effectively meeting the diverse needs of older adults requires a proper classification of SARs' functions. However, existing function categories are primarily proposed from the perspective of researchers, rarely from older adults themselves. This study addresses this gap by employing a user-centered design approach to explore how older adults classify SARs' functions. Using the open card sorting technique, we first identified 30 functions supporting the daily tasks of older adults. Subsequently, twenty-five older adults aged 60 to 86 with diverse educational backgrounds participated in an iterative function categorization. The initial sorting ranged from 2 to 10 groups but generally centered around 4 to 6. Through multidimensional scaling and hierarchical clustering, we revealed a hierarchical structure of SARs' functions. Which identified four main categories: "Home Management," "Smart Healthcare," "Entertainment and Communication," and "Monitoring and Maintenance," with their sub-categories and super-categories. These findings provide valuable insights for designing SARs that better align with older adults' needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingxian Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guojie Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangling Zhuang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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Olatunji SA, Shim JS, Syed A, Tsai YL, Pereira AE, Mahajan HP, Mudar RA, Rogers WA. Robotic support for older adults with cognitive and mobility impairments. Front Robot AI 2025; 12:1545733. [PMID: 40259974 PMCID: PMC12010083 DOI: 10.3389/frobt.2025.1545733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2025] [Indexed: 04/23/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction Robots have the potential to support older adults with cognitive impairments and mobility impairments in daily tasks that could promote their independence, enhance their abilities, ensure safety, and lower healthcare costs. Method Using a participatory design approach, we focused on identifying the functional capabilities of the Stretch robot to support older adults with various cognitive or mobility impairments. Twelve participants (aged 60-97) were recruited to interact with the robot and give feedback regarding support in a home environment. Stretch is a mobile robot manipulator designed to support everyday activities using a lightweight telescoping arm mounted on a mobile base. We conducted a semi-structured interview with participants as they observed and interacted with Stretch, performing tasks such as providing reminders, picking up and delivering items, and facilitating video calls. Results and Discussion The participants were asked to share potential areas of application related to their daily activities to illustrate how Stretch could support them in their homes. Our user-centered design approach provided a unique opportunity to understand the needs of older adults with mobility impairments and cognitive impairments, to identify the type of tasks the robot could support, and to gain insights into potential facilitators and barriers for robot adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wendy A. Rogers
- College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
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Ruan YX, Che RP, Kodate N, Donnelly S, Shi Y, Liu X, Suwa S, Yu W, Kong D, Cheung MC. A Scoping Review on Long-Term Care Workers' Perceptions of Robot-Assisted Care for Older Adults in Long-Term Care Facilities. J Adv Nurs 2025. [PMID: 40098594 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2025] [Accepted: 02/13/2025] [Indexed: 03/19/2025]
Abstract
AIMS To synthesise the current research on long-term care workers' perceptions (i.e., attitudes, concerns, and expected functions) of robot-assisted care and their perceived effects of different types of robot-assisted care for older adults in long-term care facilities. DESIGN Scoping review. DATA SOURCES A search was conducted in July 2024 using five databases. Articles published between 2010 and 2024 on the perceptions and/or perceived effects of robot-assisted care for older adults among frontline long-term care workers in long-term care facilities were identified. Additionally, the reference lists of the included articles were manually searched. METHODS A five-step framework that guided the development of research questions, screening of studies, and synthesis and presentation of data was adopted. Two authors independently screened and analysed the identified articles. Conflicts were resolved through joint-discussions. RESULTS Forty-one articles were included in the review. Data were narratively synthesised into three categories: expected function of care robots, perceived effects of robot-assisted care, and attitudes and concerns regarding robot-assisted care. Subcategories were identified and presented in tabular form. CONCLUSION This review shows the physical, psychological, social, and practical benefits and limitations of different types of robot-assisted care. It also contributes to understanding long-term care workers' attitudes, concerns, and expectations regarding the function of robot-assisted care. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE Having a priori discussion with long-term care workers about their expectations regarding using robot-assisted care is needed. Improvements in the design and in the digital literacy of the workers are also necessary. IMPACT This review provides an overview of the perceptions and perceived effects of different types of robot-assisted care among care workers in long-term care facilities. The findings provide practical implications and highlight areas in need of further studies. REPORTING METHOD Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No Patient or Public Contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xin Ruan
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Run-Ping Che
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Naonori Kodate
- School of Social Policy, Social Work and Social Justice, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sarah Donnelly
- School of Social Policy, Social Work and Social Justice, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yiwen Shi
- School of Government, Shanghai University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoting Liu
- School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sayuri Suwa
- Graduate School of Nursing, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Wenwei Yu
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Dexia Kong
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mei-Chun Cheung
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Hung L, Abdulai AF, Soni A, Wong KLY, Ren LH, Xia R, Davies K. Students perspectives on the development and deployment of an AI-enabled service robot in long-term care. J Rehabil Assist Technol Eng 2025; 12:20556683251313773. [PMID: 39839757 PMCID: PMC11748074 DOI: 10.1177/20556683251313773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 12/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2025] Open
Abstract
The need for Artificial Intelligence (AI) in gerontology education is underscored by the potential benefits it offers in addressing loneliness and supporting social connection among older adults in long-term care (LTC) homes. While the workforce in LTC is often overburdened, AI-enabled service robots present possible solutions to enhance residents' quality of life. However, the incorporation of AI and service robots in current gerontology curricula is lacking, and the views of students on this subject remain largely unexamined. This study aims to fill this gap by capturing the perspectives of university students regarding the deployment of an AI robot, Aether, in LTC environments. In this qualitative study, we conducted focus groups with 22 university students. Our thematic analysis identified three themes: (1) Aether's anticipated usage in geriatric care: companionship support and complementing the work of staff; (2) Challenges in using Aether: technical and emotional challenges; and (3) Solutions and future possibilities: expanding functionalities and integrating personalization features. Students expressed a positive outlook on the role of AI-enabled robots while also highlighting the necessity of addressing ethical and practical considerations. To effectively integrate AI technology in gerontology education, it is essential to understand and incorporate student perspectives, attitudes, and opinions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Hung
- Innovation in DEmentia and Ageing (IDEA) Lab, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Abdul-Fatawu Abdulai
- Innovation in DEmentia and Ageing (IDEA) Lab, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Albin Soni
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karen Lok Yi Wong
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Social Work, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lily Haopu Ren
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rachel Xia
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Katharine Davies
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Audiology & Speech Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Lei J, Liang Y, Su Z, Dong P, Liang J, Lin L. Can Socially Assistive Robots Be Accepted by Older People Living Alone in the Community?: Empirical Findings from a Social Work Project in China. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2024; 67:995-1012. [PMID: 38682357 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2024.2339992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
A pilot study was undertaken between March 2019 and September 2021, loaning socially assistive robots (SARs) for a 7-day trial to older people living alone in China. Quantitative assessments of participants' acceptance of technology and loneliness were conducted before and after the intervention, supplemented with qualitative interviews. Unexpectedly, participants' intention to use SARs decreased significantly, largely due to emotional anxiety. Meanwhile, participants' level of loneliness remained unchanged. Follow-up interviews revealed anxious emotion, hesitant attitudes, unreal social presence, usability difficulties as contributing factors. The study provides social workers with valuable insights into introducing SARs into community care of older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lei
- School of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yucheng Liang
- School of Sociology and Anthropology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhao Su
- School of Sociology and Anthropology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peixing Dong
- Qichuang Social Work Service Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianling Liang
- School of Politics and Law, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Qichuang Social Work Service Centre, Guangzhou, China
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Nichol B, McCready J, Erfani G, Comparcini D, Simonetti V, Cicolini G, Mikkonen K, Yamakawa M, Tomietto M. Exploring the impact of socially assistive robots on health and wellbeing across the lifespan: An umbrella review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 153:104730. [PMID: 38430662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socially assistive robots offer an alternate source of connection for interventions within health and social care amidst a landscape of technological advancement and reduced staff capacity. There is a need to summarise the available systematic reviews on the health and wellbeing impacts to evaluate effectiveness, explore potential moderators and mediators, and identify recommendations for future research and practice. OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of socially assistive robots within health and social care on psychosocial, behavioural, and physiological health and wellbeing outcomes across the lifespan (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023423862). DESIGN An umbrella review utilising meta-analysis, narrative synthesis, and vote counting by direction of effect. METHODS 14 databases were searched (ProQuest Health Research Premium collection, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, ASM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, Cochrane Reviews, and EPISTEMONIKOS) from 2005 to May 4, 2023. Systematic reviews including the effects of socially assistive robots on health outcomes were included and a pooled meta-analysis, vote counting by direction of effect, and narrative synthesis were applied. The second version of A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR-2) was applied to assess quality of included reviews. RESULTS 35 reviews were identified, most focusing on older adults with or without dementia (n = 24). Pooled meta-analysis indicated no effect of socially assistive robots on quality of life (standard mean difference (SMD) = 0.43), anxiety (SMD = -0.02), or depression (SMD = 0.21), although vote counting identified significant improvements in social interaction, mood, positive affect, loneliness, stress, and pain across the lifespan, and narrative synthesis identified an improvement in anxiety in children. However, some reviews reported no significant difference between the effects of socially assistive robots and a plush toy, and there was no effect of socially assistive robots on psychiatric outcomes including agitation, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and medication use. DISCUSSION Socially assistive robots show promise for improving non-psychiatric outcomes such as loneliness, positive affect, stress, and pain, but exert no effect on psychiatric outcomes such as depression and agitation. The main mechanism of effect within group settings appeared to be the stimulation of social interaction with other humans. Limitations include the low quality and high amount of overlap between included reviews. CONCLUSION Socially assistive robots may help to improve loneliness, social interaction, and positive affect in older adults, decrease anxiety and distress in children, and improve mood, stress, and reduce pain across the lifespan. However, before recommendations for socially assistive robots can be made, a cost-effectiveness analysis of socially assistive robots to improve mood across the lifespan, and a quantitative analysis of the effects on pain, anxiety, and distress in children are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Nichol
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - Jemma McCready
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - Goran Erfani
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - Dania Comparcini
- Section of Nursing, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
| | | | - Giancarlo Cicolini
- Section of Nursing, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
| | - Kristina Mikkonen
- Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Miyae Yamakawa
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita City, Japan.
| | - Marco Tomietto
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Sørensen L, Johannesen DT, Melkas H, Johnsen HM. Care-receivers with physical disabilities' perceptions on having humanoid assistive robots as assistants: a qualitative study. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:523. [PMID: 38664810 PMCID: PMC11044328 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10857-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with physical disabilities due to disease or injury face barriers to their daily activities and participation in society. Many depend on formal or informal caregivers for assistance to live independently. However, future healthcare challenges due to demographic changes threaten access to home care and assistants. Assistive technologies, such as robots for physical assistance, can support the independence and autonomy of people with physical disabilities. This study explore Norwegian care-receivers' perceptions of using robot assistance in their homes, including preferences for tasks acceptable or unacceptable for robot assistance and the underlying reasons. METHOD Purposive sampling was employed to recruit 18 participants, aged between 18 and 77 years, with differences in physical function including diagnoses such as stroke, spinal cord injury, amputations, and muscular dystrophy. Qualitative data were gathered through four focus group interviews wherein participants watched videos featuring a humanoid assistive robot, EVEr3. The collected data underwent analysis using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Three themes with associated sub-themes were constructed: (a) How a robot could assist in daily life, (b) The robot's appearance and functionality, and (c) Concerns about having a robot as an assistant. The participants welcomed the idea of a future robotic assistant in areas that may contribute to an increased feeling of independence and autonomy. CONCLUSION A robot assisting in activities of daily living would need to be individually customized to meet the needs of each user in terms of which tasks to assist with, how to assist in these defined tasks, and how it is controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Helinä Melkas
- Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT, Lappeenranta, Finland
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Felber NA, Lipworth W, Tian YJA, Roulet Schwab D, Wangmo T. Informing existing technology acceptance models: a qualitative study with older persons and caregivers. Eur J Ageing 2024; 21:12. [PMID: 38551677 PMCID: PMC10980672 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-024-00801-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
New technologies can help older persons age in place and support their caregivers. However, they need to be accepted by the end-users to do so. Technology acceptance models, such as TAM and UTAUT and their extensions, use factors like performance expectancy and effort expectancy to explain acceptance. Furthermore, they are based on quantitative methods. Our qualitative study investigates factors fostering and hindering acceptance among older persons and their caregivers for a variety of assistive technologies, including wearables, ambient sensors at home with and without cameras and social companion robots. The goal of this paper is twofold: On the one hand, it investigates the factors of technology acceptance models in a qualitative setting. On the other hand, it informs these models with aspects currently overlooked by them. The results reveal that performance expectancy and effort expectancy are relevant for acceptance. We also find that reliability, anxiety around technology and different social aspects have an influence on acceptance of assistive technology in aged care for all end-user groups. Our findings can be used to update current technology acceptance models and provide in-depth knowledge about the currently used factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Andrea Felber
- Institute of Biomedical Ethics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
- Department of Philosophy, Macquarie University, 25B Wally's Walk, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Wendy Lipworth
- Department of Philosophy, Macquarie University, 25B Wally's Walk, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Yi Jiao Angelina Tian
- Institute of Biomedical Ethics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Delphine Roulet Schwab
- La Source, School of Nursing Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tenzin Wangmo
- Institute of Biomedical Ethics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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Madi M, Nielsen S, Schweitzer M, Siebert M, Körner D, Langensiepen S, Stephan A, Meyer G. Acceptance of a robotic system for nursing care: a cross-sectional survey with professional nurses, care recipients and relatives. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:179. [PMID: 38486244 PMCID: PMC10938668 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01849-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The end-users' acceptance is a core concept in the development, implementation and evaluation of new systems like robotic systems in daily nursing practice. So far, studies have shown various findings concerning the acceptance of systems that are intended to assist people with support or care needs. Not much has been reported on the acceptance of robots that provide direct physical assistance to nurses in bedside care. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the acceptance along with ethical implications of the prototype of an assistive robotic arm aiming to support nurses in bedside care, from the perspective of nurses, care recipients and their relatives. METHODS A cross-sectional survey design was applied at an early stage in the technological development of the system. Professional nurses, care recipients and relatives were recruited from a university hospital and a nursing home in Germany. The questionnaire was handed out following either a video or a live demonstration of the lab prototype and a subsequent one-to-one follow-up discussion. Data analysis was performed descriptively. RESULTS A total of 67 participants took part in the study. The rejection of specified ethical concerns across all the respondents was 77%. For items related to both perceived usefulness and intention to use, 75% of ratings across all the respondents were positive. In the follow-up discussions, the participants showed interest and openness toward the prototype, although there were varying opinions on aspects such as size, appearance, velocity, and potential impact on workload. CONCLUSIONS Regarding the current state of development, the acceptance among the participants was high, and ethical concerns were relatively minor. Moving forward, it would be beneficial to explore the acceptance in further developmental stages of the system, particularly when the usability is tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murielle Madi
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
- Department of Nursing Science, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Svenja Nielsen
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Mona Schweitzer
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Maximilian Siebert
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniel Körner
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sina Langensiepen
- Department of Nursing Science, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Astrid Stephan
- Department of Nursing Science, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gabriele Meyer
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Lee OE, Lee H, Park A, Choi NG. My Precious Friend: Human-Robot Interactions in Home Care for Socially Isolated Older Adults. Clin Gerontol 2024; 47:161-170. [PMID: 36502295 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2022.2156829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Using a friendship framework, we explored interactions between a multi-functional companion robot and older adults residing in a low-resource community in South Korea. METHODS We conducted in-depth interviews with 12 older adults who kept a doll-shaped companion robot called Hyodol for 18 months on average. We applied the Framework Analysis Method to explore three types of friendship (i.e., friendships of utility, pleasure, and the good) that participants cultivated with the robot. RESULTS The most common aspect of utility companionship reported by all participants was Hyodol's role as their health coach who reminded them to take medication and to exercise. Participants also found pleasure in playing with Hyodol and reported reduced feelings of loneliness. In the absence of other social supports, all participants also regarded Hyodol as a surrogate family member or human-friend, and interacted with Hyodol as such. CONCLUSIONS Findings illustrated high acceptability of Hyodol among these socially isolated older adults especially during the global COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that a humanoid like Hyodol could be complementary to homecare services for solo-living older adults. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Well-designed robot interventions, as complements to existing aging service and clinical interventions, have a potential to improve health behaviors among socially isolated older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Othelia EunKyoung Lee
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hyenjoo Lee
- Department of Social Welfare, Hallym Sungshim University, Choonchun, South Korea
| | - Albert Park
- Software and Information Systems College of Computing and Infomatics, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Namkee G Choi
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
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Anttila M, Koivisto J, Luoma ML, Anttila H. How to adopt technologies in home care: a mixed methods study on user experiences and change of home care in Finland. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:1342. [PMID: 38042800 PMCID: PMC10693073 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10368-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for better adoption of technology to meet the needs of home care professionals, older people, and informal caregivers. METHODS Mixed methods were used to describe and analyse quantitative and qualitative data in a Finnish governmental programme called KATI. The study was three-fold: it 1) listed what kinds of technologies were piloted and deployed in a national study, 2) provided information from the perspectives of home care professionals about requirements to use technology by using focus-group interviews, and 3) assessed experiences of how the adoption of technology changes work and work processes over time by using repeated surveys. Informants in interviews (n = 25) and surveys (n = 90) were home care professionals, who also described the perspectives of older people and informal caregivers. The conceptual models framing the study were adapted from the Technology Acceptance Model and DirVA PROVE-IT. RESULTS There were 80 technology pilots, in which variety of technologies were followed in home care. Familiarity with, commitment to and understanding of technology benefits were considered to be requirements for the technology to be used. The adoption of technology provided new skills and information about older people's wellbeing, realisation of treatment and new possibilities in home care. It developed new procedures to focus on older people's needs and motivated professionals by gained concrete aid. It enabled them to leave out some concrete procedures as unnecessary. On the other hand, there were also pessimistic and negative experiences when technology use provided nothing new or did not change anything. CONCLUSIONS The adoption of technology is dependent on the technology and its integration into the prevailing service practice. When they both work, it is possible to leave out unnecessary procedures in care, allocate resources and save time. It is possible to be aware of older people's safety and how they cope at home, find new ways to get involved in older people's lives, gain insight, and make changes at work. Continuous on-site training, modifications in service practices and communication throughout organisations is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Anttila
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Juha Koivisto
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Heidi Anttila
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
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Yeo Y, Lau Y, Ang WW, Wong QF, Tam HL, Loh WL, Wong SH, Lau ST. Unpacking older adults' experiences using mobile telepresence robots: A systematic mixed-studies review. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 54:280-301. [PMID: 39491262 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2024]
Abstract
This review aimed to explore the experiences of mobile telepresence robots (MTRs) among older adults (OAs) using a systematic mixed-studies approach. Ten electronic databases were searched for published and unpublished studies from inception to January 2022. The mixed methods assessment tool was used to assess the quality of the studies. A results-based convergent synthesis was employed to integrate quantitative and qualitative results. A total of 3,816 records were retrieved, and 43 studies were included, involving 1,568 participants across 19 countries. More than half of the selected studies had high methodological quality. After integrating findings from seven qualitative subthemes and eight quantitative categories, four themes emerged: (1) enjoyable experience, (2) willingness and acceptance, (3) promoting social connectedness, and (4) improved psychosocial and physiological well-being. The MTRs show promising benefits for OAs and their families. Future research should improve the design and functionalities of MTRs to customize different OAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumie Yeo
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Lau
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 6-8/F, Esther Lee Building, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| | - Wen Wei Ang
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qiao Fen Wong
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hon Lon Tam
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 6-8/F, Esther Lee Building, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wen Liang Loh
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sai Ho Wong
- Staff Nurse I, Alexandra Hospital, Singapore
| | - Siew Tiang Lau
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Asthana S, Prime S. The role of digital transformation in addressing health inequalities in coastal communities: barriers and enablers. FRONTIERS IN HEALTH SERVICES 2023; 3:1225757. [PMID: 37711604 PMCID: PMC10498291 DOI: 10.3389/frhs.2023.1225757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare systems worldwide are striving for the "quadruple aim" of better population health and well-being, improved experience of care, healthcare team well-being (including that of carers) and lower system costs. By shifting the balance of care from reactive to preventive by facilitating the integration of data between patients and clinicians to support prevention, early diagnosis and care at home, many technological solutions exist to support this ambition. Yet few have been mainstreamed in the NHS. This is particularly the case in English coastal areas which, despite having a substantially higher burden of physical and mental health conditions and poorer health outcomes, also experience inequalities with respect to digital maturity. In this paper, we suggest ways in which digital health technologies (DHTs) can support a greater shift towards prevention; discuss barriers to digital transformation in coastal communities; and highlight ways in which central, regional and local bodes can enable transformation. Given a real risk that variations in digital maturity may be exacerbating coastal health inequalities, we call on health and care policy leaders and service managers to understands the potential benefits of a digital future and the risks of failing to address the digital divide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena Asthana
- Centre for Health Technology, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
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16
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Noh D, Shim MS. Effectiveness of Robot Interventions for Cognitive and Psychological Outcomes among Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment: A Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2341. [PMID: 37628538 PMCID: PMC10454070 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This review was performed to evaluate the effects of robot interventions on cognitive and psychological outcomes among older adults with cognitive impairment. Three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched for studies published in English between January 2015 and August 2021. We included studies that involved older adults with cognitive impairment, interventions using robots, outcome measures related to cognitive and psychological status, and randomized controlled trials. Ten studies included in the systematic review, and nine studies derived from these ten articles were included in the meta-analyses. The meta-analyses revealed that robot interventions significantly decreased anxiety and agitation but exerted no significant effects on cognitive function, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and quality of life. The subgroup analyses according to robot types revealed that pet-type robot interventions reduced anxiety and agitation. In addition, subgroup analysis according to the intervention format of robot interventions found that individual intervention was effective for improving agitation, but a group-based intervention was effective for improving depression. We suggest using robot interventions to improve psychological outcomes such as anxiety and agitation; however, further research is needed to determine whether robot interventions affect symptoms such as cognitive function, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dabok Noh
- College of Nursing, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Republic of Korea;
| | - Mi-So Shim
- College of Nursing, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
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Sawik B, Tobis S, Baum E, Suwalska A, Kropińska S, Stachnik K, Pérez-Bernabeu E, Cildoz M, Agustin A, Wieczorowska-Tobis K. Robots for Elderly Care: Review, Multi-Criteria Optimization Model and Qualitative Case Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1286. [PMID: 37174828 PMCID: PMC10178192 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11091286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper focuses on three areas: the first is a review of current knowledge about social and service robots for elderly care. The second is an optimization conceptual model aimed at maximizing the efficiency of assigning robots to serve the elderly. The proposed multi-criteria optimization model is the first one proposed in the area of optimization for robot assignment for the elderly with robot utilization level and caregiver stress level. The third is the findings of studies on the needs, requirements, and adoption of technology in elderly care. We consider the use of robots as a part of the ENRICHME project for long-term interaction and monitoring of older persons with mild cognitive impairment, to optimize their independence. Additionally, we performed focus group discussions (FGD) to collect opinions about robot-related requirements of the elderly and their caregivers. Four FDGs of six persons were organized: two comprising older adults, and two of the other formal and informal caregivers, based on a detailed script. The statements of older participants and their caregivers were consistent in several areas. The analysis revealed user characteristics, robot-related issues, functionality, and barriers to overcome before the deployment of the robot. An introduction of the robot must be thoroughly planned, include comprehensive pre-training, and take the ethical and practical issues into account. The involvement of future users in the customization of the robot is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Sawik
- Department of Business Informatics and Engineering Management, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
- Institute of Smart Cities, Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Mathematics, Public University of Navarre, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
- Haas School of Business, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sławomir Tobis
- Occupational Therapy Unit, Chair of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Swiecickiego 6, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Baum
- Department of Social Sciences and the Humanities, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Suwalska
- Department of Mental Health, Chair of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Szpitalna 27/33, 60-572 Poznan, Poland
| | - Sylwia Kropińska
- Geriatrics Unit, Chair of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, os. Rusa 55, 61-245 Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stachnik
- Geriatrics Unit, Chair of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, os. Rusa 55, 61-245 Poznan, Poland
| | - Elena Pérez-Bernabeu
- Department of Applied Statistics and Operations Research, Universitat Politècnica de València, Plaza Ferrandiz y Carbonell, sn, 03801 Alcoy, Spain
| | - Marta Cildoz
- Institute of Smart Cities, Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Mathematics, Public University of Navarre, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alba Agustin
- Institute of Smart Cities, Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Mathematics, Public University of Navarre, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis
- Geriatrics Unit, Chair of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, os. Rusa 55, 61-245 Poznan, Poland
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Leonardsen ACL, Hardeland C, Helgesen AK, Bååth C, del Busso L, Grøndahl VA. The Use of Robotic Technology in the Healthcare of People above the Age of 65-A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:904. [PMID: 36981561 PMCID: PMC10048377 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The integration of robots can help provide solutions in regards to the need for an increase in resources in healthcare. The aim of this review was to identify how robots are utilized in the healthcare of people who are over the age of 65 and how this population experiences interacting with healthcare robots. DESIGN A systematic literature review with an integrated design was conducted. METHODS A literature search was performed in the electronic databases CINAHL via EBSCO, EMBASE, and Medline via Ovid. Content analysis was performed to assess the studies that were included in this review. RESULTS A total of 14 articles were included. Participants in the studies included 453 older people ranging from 65 to 108 years of age. Nine of the studies focused on people with dementia or cognitive impairment. Seven studies included different types of socially assistive human-like robots, six of the studies included two different types of animal-like robots, and one study focused on a robotic rollator. The robots mainly served as social assistive- or engagement robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Chatrin Linqvist Leonardsen
- Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organization, Ostfold University College, Postal Box Code 700, 1757 Halden, Norway
- Department of Anesthesia, Ostfold Hospital Trust, Postal Box Code 300, 1714 Grålum, Norway
| | - Camilla Hardeland
- Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organization, Ostfold University College, Postal Box Code 700, 1757 Halden, Norway
| | - Ann Karin Helgesen
- Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organization, Ostfold University College, Postal Box Code 700, 1757 Halden, Norway
| | - Carina Bååth
- Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organization, Ostfold University College, Postal Box Code 700, 1757 Halden, Norway
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, Science, and Technology, Karlstad University, SE-651 88 Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Lilliana del Busso
- Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organization, Ostfold University College, Postal Box Code 700, 1757 Halden, Norway
| | - Vigdis Abrahamsen Grøndahl
- Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organization, Ostfold University College, Postal Box Code 700, 1757 Halden, Norway
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19
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Schneider C, Bousbiat H. Coaching Robots for Older Seniors: Do They Get What They Expect? Insights from an Austrian Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2965. [PMID: 36833659 PMCID: PMC9963592 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To support the increasing number of older people, new (assistive) technologies are constantly being developed. For these technologies to be used successfully, future users need to be trained. Due to demographic change, this will become difficult in the future, as the resources for training will no longer be available. In this respect, coaching robots could have great potential to support younger seniors in particular. However, there is little evidence in the literature about the perceptions and potential impact of this technology on the well-being of older people. This paper provides insights into the use of a robot coach (robo-coach) to train younger seniors in the use of a new technology. The study was carried out in Austria in autumn 2020, involving 34 participants equally distributed among employees in their last three years of service and retirees in their first three years of retirement (23 female; 11 male). The aim was to assess participants' expectations and perceptions by examining the perceived ease of use and user experience of the robot in providing assistance during a learning session. The findings reveal a positive impression of the participants and promising results for using the robot as a coaching assistant in daily tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Schneider
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Applied Sciences Wiener Neustadt, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria
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20
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A Novel Approach to Systematic Development of Social Robot Product Families. Int J Soc Robot 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12369-022-00906-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Robinson F, Nejat G. An analysis of design recommendations for socially assistive robot helpers for effective human-robot interactions in senior care. J Rehabil Assist Technol Eng 2022; 9:20556683221101389. [PMID: 35733614 PMCID: PMC9208044 DOI: 10.1177/20556683221101389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As the global population ages, there is an increase in demand for assistive technologies that can alleviate the stresses on healthcare systems. The growing field of socially assistive robotics (SARs) offers unique solutions that are interactive, engaging, and adaptable to different users’ needs. Crucial to having positive human-robot interaction (HRI) experiences in senior care settings is the overall design of the robot, considering the unique challenges and opportunities that come with novice users. This paper presents a novel study that explores the effect of SAR design on HRI in senior care through a results-oriented analysis of the literature. We provide key design recommendations to ensure inclusion for a diverse set of users. Open challenges of considering user preferences during design, creating adaptive behaviors, and developing intelligent autonomy are discussed in detail. SAR features of appearance and interaction mode along with SAR frameworks for perception and intelligence are explored to evaluate individual developments using metrics such as trust, acceptance, and intent to use. Drawing from a diverse set of features, SAR frameworks, and HRI studies, the discussion highlights robot characteristics of greatest influence in promoting wellbeing and aging-in-place of older adults and generates design recommendations that are important for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser Robinson
- Autonomous Systems and Biomechatronics Laboratory (ASBLab), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Goldie Nejat
- Autonomous Systems and Biomechatronics Laboratory (ASBLab), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Baycrest Health Sciences, Rotman Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
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22
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D’Onofrio G, Fiorini L, Toccafondi L, Rovini E, Russo S, Ciccone F, Giuliani F, Sancarlo D, Cavallo F. Pilots for Healthy and Active Ageing (PHArA-ON) Project: Definition of New Technological Solutions for Older People in Italian Pilot Sites Based on Elicited User Needs. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 22:163. [PMID: 35009706 PMCID: PMC8749804 DOI: 10.3390/s22010163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Pilots for Healthy and Active Ageing (PHArA-ON) project aimsto ensure reality smart and active living for Europe's ageing population by creating a set of integrated and highly customizable interoperable open platforms with advanced services, devices, and technologies and tools. The aim of the present study was to determine the needs and preferences of older people and their caregivers for improving healthy and active aging and guiding the technological development of thePHArA-ON system. METHODS A pre-structured interview was administered to older adults, informal caregivers and professional caregivers (including social operators) taking part in the piloting sessions. RESULTS Interviews were carried out in Umana Persone Social Enterprise R&D Network (UP) in Tuscany, and Ospedale Casa SollievodellaSofferenza (CSS) in Apulia. A total of 22 older adults, 22 informal caregivers, 13 professional caregivers and 4 social operators were recruited. A prioritization analysis of services, according to the stakeholder's needs, has determined two fundamental need categories: Heath Management (i.e., stimulation and monitoring), and Socialisation (i.e., promoting social inclusion). CONCLUSIONS The main scientific contributions to this study are the following: to design and evaluate technology in the context of healthy and active ageing, to acquire relevant knowledge on user needs to develop technologies that can handle the real life situations of older people, obtain useful insights about the attitude and availability of end-users in using technologies in clinical practice, and to provide important guidelines to improve the PHArA-ON system. Specific experimentation stages were also carried out to understand which kind of technology is more acceptable, and to obtain feedback regarding the development priority related to the impact of the proposed services. Research through fruitful and continuous interaction with the different subjects involved in the development process of the system, as well as with stakeholders, enabled the implementation of a platform which could be further and easily integrated and improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia D’Onofrio
- Clinical Psychology Service, Health Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Laura Fiorini
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy; (L.F.); (E.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Lara Toccafondi
- Umana Persone-Società a Responsabilità Limitata, 58100 Grosseto, Italy;
| | - Erika Rovini
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy; (L.F.); (E.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Sergio Russo
- ICT, Innovation & Research Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy; (S.R.); (F.G.)
| | - Filomena Ciccone
- Clinical Psychology Service, Health Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Francesco Giuliani
- ICT, Innovation & Research Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy; (S.R.); (F.G.)
| | - Daniele Sancarlo
- Complex Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Filippo Cavallo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy; (L.F.); (E.R.); (F.C.)
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Shin MH, McLaren J, Ramsey A, Sullivan JL, Moo L. Titrating Support: Stakeholder Perspectives on Improving a Mobile Telepresence Robot for People with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (Preprint). JMIR Aging 2021; 5:e32322. [PMID: 35503518 PMCID: PMC9115649 DOI: 10.2196/32322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background By 2050, nearly 13 million Americans will have Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD), with most of those with ADRD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) receiving home care. Mobile telepresence robots may allow persons with MCI or ADRD to remain living independently at home and ease the burden of caregiving. The goal of this study was to identify how an existing mobile telepresence robot can be enhanced to support at-home care of people with MCI or ADRD through key stakeholder input. Objective The specific aims were to assess what applications should be integrated into the robot to further support the independence of individuals with MCI or ADRD and understand stakeholders’ overall opinions about the robot. Methods We conducted in-person interviews with 21 stakeholders, including 6 people aged >50 years with MCI or ADRD living in the community, 9 family caregivers of people with MCI or ADRD, and 6 clinicians who work with the ADRD population. Interview questions about the robot focused on technology use, design and functionality, future applications to incorporate, and overall opinions. We conducted a thematic analysis of the data obtained and assessed the patterns within and across stakeholder groups using a matrix analysis technique. Results Overall, most stakeholders across groups felt positively about the robot’s ability to support individuals with MCI or ADRD and decrease caregiver burden. Most ADRD stakeholders felt that the greatest benefits would be receiving help in emergency cases and having fewer in-person visits to the doctor’s office. Caregivers and clinicians also noted that remote video communication with their family members using the robot was valuable. Adding voice commands and 1-touch lifesaving or help buttons to the robot were the top suggestions offered by the stakeholders. The 4 types of applications that were suggested included health-related alerts; reminders; smart-home–related applications; and social, entertainment, or well-being applications. Stakeholders across groups liked the robot’s mobility, size, interactive connection, and communication abilities. However, stakeholders raised concerns about their physical stability and size for individuals living in smaller, cluttered spaces; screen quality for those with visual impairments; and privacy or data security. Conclusions Although stakeholders generally expressed positive opinions about the robot, additional adaptations were suggested to strengthen functionality. Adding applications and making improvements to the design may help mitigate concerns and better support individuals with ADRD to live independently in the community. As the number of individuals living with ADRD in the United States increases, mobile telepresence robots are a promising way to support them and their caregivers. Engaging all 3 stakeholder groups in the development of these robots is a critical first step in ensuring that the technology matches their needs. Integrating the feedback obtained from our stakeholders and evaluating their effectiveness will be important next steps in adapting telepresence robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlena H Shin
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jaye McLaren
- New England Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, United States
| | | | - Jennifer L Sullivan
- Center of Innovation in Long-Term Services and Supports, Veterans Affairs Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, United States
- School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Lauren Moo
- New England Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, United States
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, Veterans Affairs Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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