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Azzolini F, Dolcetti E, Bruno A, Rovella V, Centonze D, Buttari F. Physical exercise and synaptic protection in human and pre-clinical models of multiple sclerosis. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1768-1771. [PMID: 38103243 PMCID: PMC10960279 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.389359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In multiple sclerosis, only immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive drugs are recognized as disease-modifying therapies. However, in recent years, several data from pre-clinical and clinical studies suggested a possible role of physical exercise as disease-modifying therapy in multiple sclerosis. Current evidence is sparse and often conflicting, and the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective and antinflammatory role of exercise in multiple sclerosis have not been fully elucidated. Data, mainly derived from pre-clinical studies, suggest that exercise could enhance long-term potentiation and thus neuroplasticity, could reduce neuroinflammation and synaptopathy, and dampen astrogliosis and microgliosis. In humans, most trials focused on direct clinical and MRI outcomes, as investigating synaptic, neuroinflammatory, and pathological changes is not straightforward compared to animal models. The present review analyzed current evidence and limitations in research concerning the potential disease-modifying therapy effects of exercise in multiple sclerosis in animal models and human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Valentina Rovella
- Department of System Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Buttari
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
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2
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González-Gálvez N, Moreno-Torres JM, Vaquero-Cristóbal R. Resistance training effects on healthy postmenopausal women: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Climacteric 2024; 27:296-304. [PMID: 38353251 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2024.2310521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of resistance training on physical fitness, physiological variables and body composition of postmenopausal women. The present systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement and was registered in PROSPERO. A total of 12 studies were included. The literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO. Randomized control trials were included. Two blinded investigators performed the search, study selection and data collection, and assessed the quality and risk of bias. A random-effects model was used for all analyses. Compared to the control group, resistance training produced a significant improvement in maximal oxygen volume (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 2.32, p < 0.001), lower extremity strength (SMD = 4.70, p < 0.001) and upper extremity strength (SMD = 7.42, p < 0.001). The results obtained in the systematic review and meta-analysis confirm the benefits of resistance training on physical fitness in postmenopausal women, although there is more debate regarding its influence on bone mineral density, and anthropometric and derived variables. This work provides a solid starting point for promoting resistance training at a frequency of 3 days per week, in 60-min sessions, with the aim of improving parameters directly related to quality of life, functionality and disease prevention of postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- N González-Gálvez
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - J M Moreno-Torres
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Cartagena, Spain
| | - R Vaquero-Cristóbal
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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3
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Boa Sorte Silva NC, Barha CK, Erickson KI, Kramer AF, Liu-Ambrose T. Physical exercise, cognition, and brain health in aging. Trends Neurosci 2024:S0166-2236(24)00062-6. [PMID: 38811309 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Exercise training is an important strategy to counteract cognitive and brain health decline during aging. Evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses supports the notion of beneficial effects of exercise in cognitively unimpaired and impaired older individuals. However, the effects are often modest, and likely influenced by moderators such as exercise training parameters, sample characteristics, outcome assessments, and control conditions. Here, we discuss evidence on the impact of exercise on cognitive and brain health outcomes in healthy aging and in individuals with or at risk for cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. We also review neuroplastic adaptations in response to exercise and their potential neurobiological mechanisms. We conclude by highlighting goals for future studies, including addressing unexplored neurobiological mechanisms and the inclusion of under-represented populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nárlon C Boa Sorte Silva
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cindy K Barha
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kirk I Erickson
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; AdventHealth Research Institute, Neuroscience, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Beckman Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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4
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James C, Müller D, Müller C, Van De Looij Y, Altenmüller E, Kliegel M, Van De Ville D, Marie D. Randomized controlled trials of non-pharmacological interventions for healthy seniors: Effects on cognitive decline, brain plasticity and activities of daily living-A 23-year scoping review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26674. [PMID: 38707392 PMCID: PMC11066598 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the simultaneous effects of non-pharmacological interventions (NPI) on healthy older adults' behavior and brain plasticity, as measured by psychometric instruments and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The purpose of this scoping review was to compile an extensive list of randomized controlled trials published from January 1, 2000, to August 31, 2023, of NPI for mitigating and countervailing age-related physical and cognitive decline and associated cerebral degeneration in healthy elderly populations with a mean age of 55 and over. After inventorying the NPI that met our criteria, we divided them into six classes: single-domain cognitive, multi-domain cognitive, physical aerobic, physical non-aerobic, combined cognitive and physical aerobic, and combined cognitive and physical non-aerobic. The ultimate purpose of these NPI was to enhance individual autonomy and well-being by bolstering functional capacity that might transfer to activities of daily living. The insights from this study can be a starting point for new research and inform social, public health, and economic policies. The PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist served as the framework for this scoping review, which includes 70 studies. Results indicate that medium- and long-term interventions combining non-aerobic physical exercise and multi-domain cognitive interventions best stimulate neuroplasticity and protect against age-related decline and that outcomes may transfer to activities of daily living.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.E. James
- Geneva Musical Minds Lab (GEMMI Lab), Geneva School of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland HES-SO, Avenue de Champel 47, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Boulevard Carl-Vogt 101, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D.M. Müller
- Geneva Musical Minds Lab (GEMMI Lab), Geneva School of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland HES-SO, Avenue de Champel 47, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C.A.H. Müller
- Geneva Musical Minds Lab (GEMMI Lab), Geneva School of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland HES-SO, Avenue de Champel 47, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Y. Van De Looij
- Geneva Musical Minds Lab (GEMMI Lab), Geneva School of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland HES-SO, Avenue de Champel 47, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Child Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, 6 Rue Willy Donzé, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Animal Imaging and Technology Section, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH F1 - Station 6, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E. Altenmüller
- Hannover University of Music, Drama and Media, Institute for Music Physiology and Musicians' Medicine, Neues Haus 1, 30175, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Bünteweg 2, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - M. Kliegel
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Boulevard Carl-Vogt 101, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Switzerland, Chemin de Pinchat 22, 1207, Carouge, Switzerland
| | - D. Van De Ville
- Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Neuro-X Institute, Campus Biotech, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- University of Geneva, Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medecine, Campus Biotech, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D. Marie
- Geneva Musical Minds Lab (GEMMI Lab), Geneva School of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland HES-SO, Avenue de Champel 47, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Cognitive and Affective Neuroimaging Section, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
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Danielson TL, Gould LA, DeFreitas JM, MacLennan RJ, Ekstrand C, Borowsky R, Farthing JP, Andrushko JW. Activity in the pontine reticular nuclei scales with handgrip force in humans. J Neurophysiol 2024; 131:807-814. [PMID: 38505916 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00407.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The neural pathways that contribute to force production in humans are currently poorly understood, as the relative roles of the corticospinal tract and brainstem pathways, such as the reticulospinal tract (RST), vary substantially across species. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we aimed to measure activation in the pontine reticular nuclei (PRN) during different submaximal handgrip contractions to determine the potential role of the PRN in force modulation. Thirteen neurologically intact participants (age: 28 ± 6 yr) performed unilateral handgrip contractions at 25%, 50%, 75% of maximum voluntary contraction during brain scans. We quantified the magnitude of PRN activation from the contralateral and ipsilateral sides during each of the three contraction intensities. A repeated-measures ANOVA demonstrated a significant main effect of force (P = 0.012, [Formula: see text] = 0.307) for PRN activation, independent of side (i.e., activation increased with force for both contralateral and ipsilateral nuclei). Further analyses of these data involved calculating the linear slope between the magnitude of activation and handgrip force for each region of interest (ROI) at the individual-level. One-sample t tests on the slopes revealed significant group-level scaling for the PRN bilaterally, but only the ipsilateral PRN remained significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. We show evidence of task-dependent activation in the PRN that was positively related to handgrip force. These data build on a growing body of literature that highlights the RST as a functionally relevant motor pathway for force modulation in humans.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study, we used a task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm to show that activity in the pontine reticular nuclei scales linearly with increasing force during a handgrip task. These findings directly support recently proposed hypotheses that the reticulospinal tract may play an important role in modulating force production in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler L Danielson
- Applied Neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory, College of Education and Human Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Layla A Gould
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Jason M DeFreitas
- Department of Exercise Science, Falk College of Sport and Human Dynamics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States
| | - Rob J MacLennan
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
- Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Chelsea Ekstrand
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ron Borowsky
- Department of Psychology and Health Studies, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Jonathan P Farthing
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Justin W Andrushko
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Fernández Ó, Sörensen PS, Comi G, Vermersch P, Hartung HP, Leocani L, Berger T, Van Wijmeersch B, Oreja-Guevara C. Managing multiple sclerosis in individuals aged 55 and above: a comprehensive review. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1379538. [PMID: 38646534 PMCID: PMC11032020 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1379538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) management in individuals aged 55 and above presents unique challenges due to the complex interaction between aging, comorbidities, immunosenescence, and MS pathophysiology. This comprehensive review explores the evolving landscape of MS in older adults, including the increased incidence and prevalence of MS in this age group, the shift in disease phenotypes from relapsing-remitting to progressive forms, and the presence of multimorbidity and polypharmacy. We aim to provide an updated review of the available evidence of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) in older patients, including the efficacy and safety of existing therapies, emerging treatments such as Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTKs) inhibitors and those targeting remyelination and neuroprotection, and the critical decisions surrounding the initiation, de-escalation, and discontinuation of DMTs. Non-pharmacologic approaches, including physical therapy, neuromodulation therapies, cognitive rehabilitation, and psychotherapy, are also examined for their role in holistic care. The importance of MS Care Units and advance care planning are explored as a cornerstone in providing patient-centric care, ensuring alignment with patient preferences in the disease trajectory. Finally, the review emphasizes the need for personalized management and continuous monitoring of MS patients, alongside advocating for inclusive study designs in clinical research to improve the management of this growing patient demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Fernández
- Departament of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine; Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga (IBIMA), Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology and Pediatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Per Soelberg Sörensen
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Giancarlo Comi
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Multiple Sclerosis Centre Casa di Cura Igea, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrick Vermersch
- Univ. Lille, Inserm U1172 LilNCog, CHU Lille, FHU Precise, Lille, France
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Brain and Mind Center, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Letizia Leocani
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Multiple Sclerosis Centre Casa di Cura Igea, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Thomas Berger
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences & Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bart Van Wijmeersch
- University MS Centre, Hasselt-Pelt, Belgium
- Rehabilitation and Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Noorderhart Hospitals, Pelt, Belgium
| | - Celia Oreja-Guevara
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Kong J, Lin X, Wang B, Xu S, Wang Y, Hua S, Gong H, Dong R, Lin Y, Li C, Bi Y. Physical activity may a probably protective factor for postoperative delirium: the PNDABLE study. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1353449. [PMID: 38633981 PMCID: PMC11021714 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1353449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to explore the relationship between physical activity (PA) and postoperative delirium (POD). Methods We selected 400 patients from the Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorder and Biomarkers Lifestyle (PNDABLE) database, and the patients in the PNDABLE database were sampled and tested Alzheimer's biomarkers. The diagnosis of POD was made using the Confusion Assessment Scale (CAM) and the severity was assessed using Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (MDAS). Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale was used to detect the mental state of the patients. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the level of preoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, such as amyloid β plaque 42 (Aβ42), total tau protein (T-tau), and phosphorylated tau protein (P-tau). Logistic regression, sensitivity analysis, and post hoc analysis were used to explore the relationship between risk and protective factors on POD. We used the mediating effect to explore whether PA mediates the occurrence of POD through CSF biomarkers. Results The incidence of POD was 17.5%. According to our research, the consequence prompted that PA might be the protective factor for POD [odds ratio (OR): 0.336, 95% confidence interval (95 CI) 0.206-0.548, P < 0.001]. The result of logistic regression revealed that CSF biomarker Aβ42 (OR: 0.997, 95 CI 0.996-0.999, P < 0.001) might be a protective factor against POD, and the T-tau (OR: 1.006, 95 CI 1.003-1.009, P = 0.001) and P-tau (OR: 1.039, 95 CI 1.018-1.059, P < 0.001) might risk factors for POD. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the correlation between PA and CSF biomarkers in the patients with POD. Mediation effect analysis showed that PA may reduce the occurrence of POD partly through CSF biomarkers, such as Aβ42 (proportion: 11%, P < 0.05), T-tau (proportion: 13%, P < 0.05), and P-tau (proportion: 12%, P < 0.05). Conclusion Physical activity is probably a protective factor for POD and may exert a mediating effect through CSF biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shanling Xu
- School of Anesthesiology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yuanlong Wang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Shuhui Hua
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Hongyan Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yanan Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yanlin Bi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Balbim GM, Boa Sorte Silva NC, Ten Brinke L, Falck RS, Hortobágyi T, Granacher U, Erickson KI, Hernández-Gamboa R, Liu-Ambrose T. Aerobic exercise training effects on hippocampal volume in healthy older individuals: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. GeroScience 2024; 46:2755-2764. [PMID: 37943486 PMCID: PMC10828456 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of aerobic exercise training (AET) lasting ≥ 4 weeks on hippocampal volume and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in cognitively unimpaired, healthy older individuals. Random-effects robust variance estimation models were used to test differences between AET and controls, while meta-regressions tested associations between CRF and hippocampal volume changes. We included eight studies (N = 554) delivering fully supervised AET for 3 to 12 months (M = 7.8, SD = 4.5) with an average AET volume of 129.85 min/week (SD = 45.5) at moderate-to-vigorous intensity. There were no significant effects of AET on hippocampal volume (SMD = 0.10, 95% CI - 0.01 to 0.21, p = 0.073), but AET moderately improved CRF (SMD = 0.30, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.48, p = 0.005). Improvement in CRF was not associated with changes in hippocampal volume (bSE = 0.05, SE = 0.51, p = 0.923). From the limited number of studies, AET does not seem to impact hippocampal volume in cognitively unimpaired, healthy older individuals. Notable methodological limitations across investigations might mask the lack of effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Moraes Balbim
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nárlon Cássio Boa Sorte Silva
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Lisanne Ten Brinke
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ryan S Falck
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tibor Hortobágyi
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen Medical Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Kinesiology, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Sport Biology, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Neurology, Somogy County Kaposi Mór Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Urs Granacher
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, Exercise and Human Movement Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kirk I Erickson
- AdventHealth Research Institute, Neuroscience, Orlando, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Rebeca Hernández-Gamboa
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.
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9
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Zeng Z, Zhang S, DU Y, Lv Z. The role and effects of rehabilitation exercise therapy for poststroke hemiparetic muscle spasticity. Minerva Med 2024; 115:230-233. [PMID: 38088057 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.23.08953-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzhong Zeng
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Shixin Zhang
- Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, China
| | - Yunfei DU
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Zhiyuan Lv
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China -
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10
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Rodríguez-Serrano LM, Wöbbeking-Sánchez M, De La Torre L, Pérez-Elvira R, Chávez-Hernández ME. Changes in EEG Activity and Cognition Related to Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:440. [PMID: 38672711 PMCID: PMC11051307 DOI: 10.3390/life14040440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is generally associated with a decline in important cognitive functions that can be observed in EEG. Physical activity in older adults should be considered one of the main strategies to promote health and prevent disease in the elderly. The present study aimed to systematically review studies of EEG activity and cognitive function changes associated with physical activity in older adults. Records from PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO databases were searched and, following the PRISMA guidelines, nine studies were included in the present systematic review. A risk of bias assessment was performed using the National Institute of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Case-control Studies instrument. The studies analyzed used two main strategies to determine the effects of physical activity on cognition and EEG: (1) multiscale entropy and power frequencies; and (2) event-related potentials. In terms of EEG activity, it can be concluded that exercise-induced neuroplasticity underlies improvements in cognitive function in healthy older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Serrano
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Anáhuac México, Universidad Anáhuac Avenue 46, Lomas Anáhuac, Huixquilucan 52786, Mexico; (L.M.R.-S.); (M.E.C.-H.)
| | - Marina Wöbbeking-Sánchez
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Salamanca, Avenida de la Merced 109, 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Lizbeth De La Torre
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Calle de la Compañía 5, 37002 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Ruben Pérez-Elvira
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicofisiología, NEPSA Rehabilitación Neurológica, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Calle de la Compañía 5, 37002 Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Elena Chávez-Hernández
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Anáhuac México, Universidad Anáhuac Avenue 46, Lomas Anáhuac, Huixquilucan 52786, Mexico; (L.M.R.-S.); (M.E.C.-H.)
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11
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Langbroek-Amersfoort A, Schootemeijer S, Bouten L, Bloem BR, De Vries NM. Exercise Made Accessible: the Merits of Community-Based Programs for Persons with Parkinson's Disease. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2023; 23:695-715. [PMID: 37792207 PMCID: PMC10673991 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-023-01303-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Many studies have identified positive effects of physiotherapy and exercise for persons with Parkinson's disease (PD). Most work has thus far focused on the therapeutic modality of exercise as used within physiotherapy programs. Stimulated by these positive findings, there is now a strong move to take exercise out of the clinical setting and to deliver the interventions in the community. Although the goals and effects of many such community-based exercise programs overlap with those of physiotherapy, it has also become more clear that both exercise modalities also differ in various ways. Here, we aim to comprehensively review the evidence for community-based exercise in PD. RECENT FINDINGS Many different types of community-based exercise for people with PD are emerging and they are increasingly being studied. There is a great heterogeneity considering the types of exercise, study designs, and outcome measures used in research on this subject. While this review is positive regarding the feasibility and potential effects of community-based exercise, it is also evident that the general quality of these studies needs improvement. By focusing on community-based exercise, we hope to generate more knowledge on the effects of a wide range of different exercise modalities that can be beneficial for people with PD. This knowledge may help people with PD to select the type and setting of exercise activity that matches best with their personal abilities and preferences. As such, these insights will contribute to an improved self-management of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneli Langbroek-Amersfoort
- Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Schootemeijer
- Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lars Bouten
- Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan R Bloem
- Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke M De Vries
- Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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12
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Piegza M, Dębski P, Bujak K, Jaworska I, Gorczyca P, Pudlo R, Żerdziński M, Piegza J. Cognitive functions and sense of coherence in patients with carotid artery stenosis-Preliminary report. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1237130. [PMID: 37817831 PMCID: PMC10560880 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1237130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is scarcely any data in the available literature on the relationship between sense of coherence (SOC) and cognitive functioning, and no information on the relationship between SOC and cognitive parameters in patients with carotid atherosclerosis. Aim The aim of this paper was to determine the relationship of SOC measured prior to carotid artery stenting (CAS) with neurocognitive functioning in patients with carotid atherosclerosis 12 months after CAS. Methods A total of 35 patients with carotid atherosclerosis completed the SOC-29 Orientation to Life Questionnaire (SOC-29) and completed a cognitive test battery twice, i.e., before (baseline-T1) and 12 months after stent implantation (follow-up-T2). Selected cognitive functions such as memory, attention, perception, visuospatial and executive functions and non-verbal fluency were assessed. Results One year after the procedure, patients with a higher SOC and sense of manageability present better performance in visual memory. Higher SOC and sense of meaningfulness are positively related to the speed of understanding the changing rules of card sorting (WCST). Conclusion Higher overall SOC and a component of sense of meaningfulness and manageability may be related to better cognitive functioning 1 year after the procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Piegza
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Tarnowskie Gory, Poland
| | - Paweł Dębski
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Humanitas University in Sosnowiec, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Kamil Bujak
- Third Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Izabela Jaworska
- Department of Cardiac, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Piotr Gorczyca
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Tarnowskie Gory, Poland
| | - Robert Pudlo
- Department of Psychoprophylaxis, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Tarnowskie Gory, Poland
| | - Maciej Żerdziński
- Faculty of Medicine, Academy of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
- Department of Psychiatry, Dr. Krzysztof Czuma’s Psychiatric Center, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jacek Piegza
- Third Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
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13
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Chen J, Zhu T, Yu D, Yan B, Zhang Y, Jin J, Yang Z, Zhang B, Hao X, Chen Z, Yan C, Yu J. Moderate Intensity of Treadmill Exercise Rescues TBI-Induced Ferroptosis, Neurodegeneration, and Cognitive Impairments via Suppressing STING Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:4872-4896. [PMID: 37193866 PMCID: PMC10415513 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03379-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a universal leading cause of long-term neurological disability and causes a huge burden to an ever-growing population. Moderate intensity of treadmill exercise has been recognized as an efficient intervention to combat TBI-induced motor and cognitive disorders, yet the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Ferroptosis is known to be highly implicated in TBI pathophysiology, and the anti-ferroptosis effects of treadmill exercise have been reported in other neurological diseases except for TBI. In addition to cytokine induction, recent evidence has demonstrated the involvement of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway in ferroptosis. Therefore, we examined the possibility that treadmill exercise might inhibit TBI-induced ferroptosis via STING pathway. In this study, we first found that a series of ferroptosis-related characteristics, including abnormal iron homeostasis, decreased glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4), and increased lipid peroxidation, were detected at 44 days post TBI, substantiating the involvement of ferroptosis at the chronic stage following TBI. Furthermore, treadmill exercise potently decreased the aforementioned ferroptosis-related changes, suggesting the anti-ferroptosis role of treadmill exercise following TBI. In addition to alleviating neurodegeneration, treadmill exercise effectively reduced anxiety, enhanced spatial memory recovery, and improved social novelty post TBI. Interestingly, STING knockdown also obtained the similar anti-ferroptosis effects after TBI. More importantly, overexpression of STING largely reversed the ferroptosis inactivation caused by treadmill exercise following TBI. To conclude, moderate-intensity treadmill exercise rescues TBI-induced ferroptosis and cognitive deficits at least in part via STING pathway, broadening our understanding of neuroprotective effects induced by treadmill exercise against TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- The Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine (Xi'an Jiaotong University), National Health Commission of China, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Experimental Center, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, 710100, Shaanxi, China
- Academy of Bio-Evidence Science, The Science and Technology Innovation Port in Western China, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi-Xian New Area, 710115, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Clinical Experimental Center, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, 710100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongyu Yu
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- The Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine (Xi'an Jiaotong University), National Health Commission of China, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Academy of Bio-Evidence Science, The Science and Technology Innovation Port in Western China, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi-Xian New Area, 710115, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Clinical Experimental Center, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, 710100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuxiang Zhang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- The Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine (Xi'an Jiaotong University), National Health Commission of China, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Academy of Bio-Evidence Science, The Science and Technology Innovation Port in Western China, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi-Xian New Area, 710115, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jungong Jin
- Clinical Experimental Center, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, 710100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuojin Yang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- The Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine (Xi'an Jiaotong University), National Health Commission of China, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Academy of Bio-Evidence Science, The Science and Technology Innovation Port in Western China, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi-Xian New Area, 710115, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bao Zhang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- The Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine (Xi'an Jiaotong University), National Health Commission of China, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Academy of Bio-Evidence Science, The Science and Technology Innovation Port in Western China, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi-Xian New Area, 710115, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiuli Hao
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- The Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine (Xi'an Jiaotong University), National Health Commission of China, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhennan Chen
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- The Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine (Xi'an Jiaotong University), National Health Commission of China, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Academy of Bio-Evidence Science, The Science and Technology Innovation Port in Western China, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi-Xian New Area, 710115, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunxia Yan
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine (Xi'an Jiaotong University), National Health Commission of China, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
- Academy of Bio-Evidence Science, The Science and Technology Innovation Port in Western China, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi-Xian New Area, 710115, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jun Yu
- Clinical Experimental Center, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, 710100, Shaanxi, China.
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14
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Oh J, Crockett RA, Hsu CL, Dao E, Tam R, Liu-Ambrose T. Resistance Training Maintains White Matter and Physical Function in Older Women with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: An Exploratory Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2023; 7:627-639. [PMID: 37483319 PMCID: PMC10357123 DOI: 10.3233/adr-220113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As the aging population grows, there is an increasing need to develop accessible interventions against risk factors for cognitive impairment and dementia, such as cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). The progression of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), a key hallmark of CSVD, can be slowed by resistance training (RT). We hypothesize RT preserves white matter integrity and that this preservation is associated with improved cognitive and physical function. Objective To determine if RT preserves regional white matter integrity and if any changes are associated with cognitive and physical outcomes. Methods Using magnetic resonance imaging data from a 12-month randomized controlled trial, we compared the effects of a twice-weekly 60-minute RT intervention versus active control on T1-weighted over T2-weighted ratio (T1w/T2w; a non-invasive proxy measure of white matter integrity) in a subset of study participants (N = 21 females, mean age = 69.7 years). We also examined the association between changes in T1w/T2w with two key outcomes of the parent study: (1) selective attention and conflict resolution, and (2) peak muscle power. Results Compared with an active control group, RT increased T1w/T2w in the external capsule (p = 0.024) and posterior thalamic radiations (p = 0.013) to a greater degree. Increased T1w/T2w in the external capsule was associated with an increase in peak muscle power (p = 0.043) in the RT group. Conclusion By maintaining white matter integrity, RT may be a promising intervention to counteract the pathological changes that accompany CSVD, while improving functional outcomes such as muscle power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Oh
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Health Laboratory, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Rachel A. Crockett
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Health Laboratory, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for SMART Aging at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Chun-Liang Hsu
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Health Laboratory, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for SMART Aging at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Dao
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for SMART Aging at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Roger Tam
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for SMART Aging at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Health Laboratory, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for SMART Aging at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
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15
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Kujawa MJ, Marcinkowska AB, Grzywińska M, Waśkow M, Romanowski A, Szurowska E, Winklewski PJ, Szarmach A. Physical activity and the brain myelin content in humans. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1198657. [PMID: 37342769 PMCID: PMC10277468 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1198657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
New imaging sequences and biophysical models allow adopting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for in vivo myelin mapping in humans. Understanding myelination and remyelination processes in the brain is fundamental from the perspective of proper design of physical exercise and rehabilitation schemes that aim to slow down demyelination in the aging population and to induce remyelination in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, in this review we strive to provide a state-of-the art summary of the existing MRI studies in humans focused on the effects of physical activity on myelination/remyelination. We present and discuss four cross-sectional and four longitudinal studies and one case report. Physical activity and an active lifestyle have a beneficial effect on the myelin content in humans. Myelin expansion can be induced in humans throughout the entire lifespan by intensive aerobic exercise. Additional research is needed to determine (1) what exercise intensity (and cognitive novelty, which is embedded in the exercise scheme) is the most beneficial for patients with neurodegenerative diseases, (2) the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and myelination, and (3) how exercise-induced myelination affect cognitive abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz J. Kujawa
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna B. Marcinkowska
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of Neurophysiology, Neuropsychology and Neuroinformatics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Grzywińska
- Neuroinformatics and Artificial Intelligence Lab, Department of Neurophysiology, Neuropsychology and Neuroinformatics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Monika Waśkow
- Institute of Health Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland
| | | | - Edyta Szurowska
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł J. Winklewski
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Neurophysiology, Neuropsychology and Neuroinformatics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Szarmach
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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16
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Oosterhof TH, Schootemeijer S, de Vries NM. Clinical Trial Highlights - Interventions Promoting Physical Activity in Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2023; 13:311-322. [PMID: 37125564 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-239001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite increasing evidence on exercise in Parkinson's disease (PD) it remains unclear what type and intensity of exercise are most effective. Currently, most evidence favors moderate- to high-intensity aerobic exercise for its positive effects on motor symptoms as well as disease modifying potential. On the other hand, observational studies have shown that the sheer volume of exercise matters as well, independent of intensity. So far, the efficacy of the volume of exercise has not been confirmed by randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Here, we provide an overview of the ongoing RCTs that promote physical activity in daily life in PD. We found seven RCTs with sample sizes between 30 and 452 and a follow-up between 4 weeks and 12 months. Steps per day is the most commonly reported primary outcome measure. The ongoing RCTs will provide evidence for feasibility, whereafter the PD research field is ready for a next step and to explore the effect of physical activity on disease progression and PD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Oosterhof
- Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sabine Schootemeijer
- Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Nienke M de Vries
- Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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17
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Seki Y, Aczel D, Torma F, Jokai M, Boros A, Suzuki K, Higuchi M, Tanisawa K, Boldogh I, Horvath S, Radak Z. No strong association among epigenetic modifications by DNA methylation, telomere length, and physical fitness in biological aging. Biogerontology 2023; 24:245-255. [PMID: 36592269 PMCID: PMC10006047 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-10011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is greatly accelerated by telomere shortening, and the steps forward in human aging are strongly influenced by environmental and lifestyle factors, whether DNA methylation (DNAm) is affected by exercise training, remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the relationships between physiological functions, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), vertical jump, working memory, telomere length (TL) assessed by RT-PCR, DNA methylation-based estimation of TL (DNAmTL), and DNA methylation-based biomarkers of aging of master rowers (N = 146) and sedentary subjects (N = 95), aged between 37 and 85 years. It was found that the TL inversely correlated with chronological age. We could not detect an association between telomere length and VO2max, vertical jump, and working memory by RT-PCR method, while these physiological test results showed a correlation with DNAmTL. DNAmGrimAge and DNAmPhenoAge acceleration were inversely associated with telomere length assessed by both methods. It appears that there are no strong beneficial effects of exercise or physiological fitness on telomere shortening, however, the degree of DNA methylation is associated with telomere length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Seki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 2-579-15, Japan
| | - Dora Aczel
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Torma
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Matyas Jokai
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anita Boros
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 2-579-15, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Higuchi
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 2-579-15, Japan
| | - Kumpei Tanisawa
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 2-579-15, Japan
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 2-579-15, Japan.
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, Budapest, Hungary.
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18
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Tollár J, Vetrovsky T, SZéPHELYI K, Csutorás B, Prontvai N, Ács P, Hortobágyi T. Effects of 2-Year-Long Maintenance Training and Detraining on 558 Subacute Ischemic Stroke Patients' Clinical-Motor Symptoms. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:607-613. [PMID: 36730024 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the effects of a 2-yr-long maintenance training (MT) exergaming and detraining (DT) on clinical-motor symptoms in subacute ischemic patients with stroke (PwST). The hypothesis was that MT motor rehabilitation program would further increase the effects of the initial rehabilitation. METHODS After high-intensity and high-frequency exergaming twice or once a day, 5 times per week for 5 wk (EX2: 50 sessions; EX1: 25 sessions, results reported previously), 558 PwST were randomized to EX2-MT, EX2-DT, EX1-MT, and EX1-DT. MT exergaming consisted of once a day, 3 times per week for 2 yr, and DT did not train. Outcomes were measured at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. The data were analyzed using longitudinal linear mixed-effects models and general linear hypotheses testing. RESULTS Modified Rankin Score (primary outcome), body mass, Mini-Mental State Examination score, Beck Depression Inventory, measures of quality of life, Berg Balance Scale, 6-min walk test, and four measures of center of pressure path tended to retain the initial rehabilitation-induced gains in the MT patients in selected outcomes (especially walking capacity). The scores tended to mildly worsen after DT, partially supporting the hypothesis. CONCLUSIONS MT successfully maintained, but only in selected variables did it further increase the initial exergaming rehabilitation-induced robust improvements. DT modestly reduced the initial exergaming rehabilitation-induced improvements. MT programs might be needed after initial stroke rehabilitation to reduce subsequent losses of quality of life and further improve clinical-motor symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomas Vetrovsky
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Klaudia SZéPHELYI
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Pécs, Pécs, HUNGARY
| | - Bence Csutorás
- Somogy County Kaposi Mór Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, HUNGARY
| | - Nándor Prontvai
- Somogy County Kaposi Mór Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, HUNGARY
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Boyer KA, Hayes KL, Umberger BR, Adamczyk PG, Bean JF, Brach JS, Clark BC, Clark DJ, Ferrucci L, Finley J, Franz JR, Golightly YM, Hortobágyi T, Hunter S, Narici M, Nicklas B, Roberts T, Sawicki G, Simonsick E, Kent JA. Age-related changes in gait biomechanics and their impact on the metabolic cost of walking: Report from a National Institute on Aging workshop. Exp Gerontol 2023; 173:112102. [PMID: 36693530 PMCID: PMC10008437 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Changes in old age that contribute to the complex issue of an increased metabolic cost of walking (mass-specific energy cost per unit distance traveled) in older adults appear to center at least in part on changes in gait biomechanics. However, age-related changes in energy metabolism, neuromuscular function and connective tissue properties also likely contribute to this problem, of which the consequences are poor mobility and increased risk of inactivity-related disease and disability. The U.S. National Institute on Aging convened a workshop in September 2021 with an interdisciplinary group of scientists to address the gaps in research related to the mechanisms and consequences of changes in mobility in old age. The goal of the workshop was to identify promising ways to move the field forward toward improving gait performance, decreasing energy cost, and enhancing mobility for older adults. This report summarizes the workshop and brings multidisciplinary insight into the known and potential causes and consequences of age-related changes in gait biomechanics. We highlight how gait mechanics and energy cost change with aging, the potential neuromuscular mechanisms and role of connective tissue in these changes, and cutting-edge interventions and technologies that may be used to measure and improve gait and mobility in older adults. Key gaps in the literature that warrant targeted research in the future are identified and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Boyer
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Physical Rehabilitation, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - Kate L Hayes
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Jonathan F Bean
- New England GRECC, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Department of PM&R, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Brach
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brian C Clark
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute and the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - David J Clark
- Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - James Finley
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jason R Franz
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yvonne M Golightly
- College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Thurston Arthritis Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tibor Hortobágyi
- Hungarian University of Sports Science, Department of Kinesiology, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pécs, Hungary; Somogy County Kaposi Mór Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary; Center for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen Medical Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra Hunter
- Department of Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Marco Narici
- Neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Nicklas
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Thomas Roberts
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, USA
| | - Gregory Sawicki
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Eleanor Simonsick
- Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jane A Kent
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, USA
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20
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Chan ST, Tai CH, Wang LY, Luh JJ, Lee YY. Influences of Aerobic Exercise on Motor Sequence Learning and Corticomotor Excitability in People With Parkinson's Disease. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2023; 37:37-45. [PMID: 36636767 DOI: 10.1177/15459683221147006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with Parkinson's disease (PD) are known to have motor learning difficulties. Although numerous studies have demonstrated that a single bout of aerobic exercise (AEX) can facilitate motor learning in non-disabled adults, the same beneficial effect in PD is unknown. Furthermore, associated neuroplastic changes have not been investigated. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine whether a single bout of aerobic exercise (AEX) can facilitate motor sequence learning in people with PD and to investigate the associated neurophysiological changes. METHODS Thirty individuals with PD were recruited and randomized into the exercise group (PD + AEX) and non-exercise group (PD - AEX). At the first visit, corticomotor excitability was assessed using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). All participants then performed a serial reaction time task (SRTT) followed by 20 minutes of moderately-high intensity aerobic exercise (AEX) for the PD + AEX group or rest for the PD - AEX group. The SRTT and TMS were reevaluated at 3 time points: immediately after aerobic exercise (AEX) or rest, on the second day after practice (D2), and a week after practice (D7). RESULTS Both groups showed improvement throughout practice. At retention, the PD + AEX group showed improved SRTT performance on D7 compared to D2 (P = .001), while the PD - AEX group showed no change in performance. TMS results showed that the PD + AEX group had significantly higher corticomotor excitability than the PD - AEX group on D7. CONCLUSION A single session of aerobic exercise (AEX) could enhance motor sequence learning and induce neuroplastic changes. Clinicians can consider providing aerobic exercise (AEX) after motor task training for people with PD. CLINICAL REGISTRATION NCT04189887 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Suet-Ting Chan
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - Chun-Hwei Tai
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Li-Ying Wang
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - Jer-Junn Luh
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - Ya-Yun Lee
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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21
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Schootemeijer S, Darweesh SK, de Vries NM. Clinical Trial Highlights - Aerobic Exercise for Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 12:2297-2306. [PMID: 36336942 PMCID: PMC9837678 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-229006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Converging lines of evidence suggest that aerobic exercise impacts Parkinson's disease (PD) motor symptoms and might slow it's progression. We provide an overview of the ongoing randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on aerobic exercise in PD. We found six RCTs with sample sizes between 28 and 370 and a follow-up between 8 weeks and 18 months. PD motor symptoms is mostly used as primary outcome while various secondary outcomes are reported. We need more trials that use both clinical endpoints and markers of neuroplasticity, and provide insight into the optimal exercise mode, duration and intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Schootemeijer
- Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands,Correspondence to: Sabine Schootemeijer, MSc, Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands. E-mail:
| | - Sirwan K.L. Darweesh
- Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Nienke M. de Vries
- Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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22
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Zouhal H, Granacher U, Hackney AC, Li S, Laher I. Editorial: Exercise physiology and its role in chronic disease prevention and treatment—mechanisms and insights. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1038119. [PMID: 36246137 PMCID: PMC9563013 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1038119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hassane Zouhal
- M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé), University Rennes, Rennes, France
- Insrtitut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), Irodouer, France
- *Correspondence: Hassane Zouhal,
| | - Urs Granacher
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, Exercise and Human Movement Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anthony. C. Hackney
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Shunchang Li
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology& Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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