1
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Nollet EE, Schuldt M, Sequeira V, Binek A, Pham TV, Schoonvelde SAC, Jansen M, Schomakers BV, van Weeghel M, Vaz FM, Houtkooper RH, Van Eyk JE, Jimenez CR, Michels M, Bedi KC, Margulies KB, Dos Remedios CG, Kuster DWD, van der Velden J. Integrating Clinical Phenotype With Multiomics Analyses of Human Cardiac Tissue Unveils Divergent Metabolic Remodeling in Genotype-Positive and Genotype-Negative Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. CIRCULATION. GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2024; 17:e004369. [PMID: 38853772 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.123.004369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is caused by sarcomere gene mutations (genotype-positive HCM) in ≈50% of patients and occurs in the absence of mutations (genotype-negative HCM) in the other half of patients. We explored how alterations in the metabolomic and lipidomic landscape are involved in cardiac remodeling in both patient groups. METHODS We performed proteomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics on myectomy samples (genotype-positive N=19; genotype-negative N=22; and genotype unknown N=6) from clinically well-phenotyped patients with HCM and on cardiac tissue samples from sex- and age-matched and body mass index-matched nonfailing donors (N=20). These data sets were integrated to comprehensively map changes in lipid-handling and energy metabolism pathways. By linking metabolomic and lipidomic data to variability in clinical data, we explored patient group-specific associations between cardiac and metabolic remodeling. RESULTS HCM myectomy samples exhibited (1) increased glucose and glycogen metabolism, (2) downregulation of fatty acid oxidation, and (3) reduced ceramide formation and lipid storage. In genotype-negative patients, septal hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction correlated with lowering of acylcarnitines, redox metabolites, amino acids, pentose phosphate pathway intermediates, purines, and pyrimidines. In contrast, redox metabolites, amino acids, pentose phosphate pathway intermediates, purines, and pyrimidines were positively associated with septal hypertrophy and diastolic impairment in genotype-positive patients. CONCLUSIONS We provide novel insights into both general and genotype-specific metabolic changes in HCM. Distinct metabolic alterations underlie cardiac disease progression in genotype-negative and genotype-positive patients with HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar E Nollet
- Department of Physiology (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias, the Netherlands (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.)
| | - Maike Schuldt
- Department of Physiology (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias, the Netherlands (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.)
| | - Vasco Sequeira
- Department of Translational Science Universitätsklinikum, Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz, Würzburg, Germany (V.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Binek
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute (A.B., J.E.V.E.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Thang V Pham
- Department of Medical Oncology, VUmc Cancer Center Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory (T.V.P., C.R.J.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | | | - Mark Jansen
- Division of Genetics and Department of Cardiology, UMC Utrecht, the Netherlands (M.J.)
| | - Bauke V Schomakers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases (B.V.S., M.v.W., F.M.V., R.H.H.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics (B.V.S., M.v.W., F.M.V.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases (B.V.S., M.v.W., F.M.V., R.H.H.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics (B.V.S., M.v.W., F.M.V.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Fred M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases (B.V.S., M.v.W., F.M.V., R.H.H.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics (B.V.S., M.v.W., F.M.V.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases (B.V.S., M.v.W., F.M.V., R.H.H.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Emma Center for Personalized Medicine (R.H.H.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Netherlands (R.H.H.)
| | - Jennifer E Van Eyk
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute (A.B., J.E.V.E.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Smidt Heart Institute (J.E.V.E.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Connie R Jimenez
- Department of Medical Oncology, VUmc Cancer Center Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory (T.V.P., C.R.J.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Michelle Michels
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (S.A.C.S., M.M.)
| | - Kenneth C Bedi
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (K.C.B., K.B.M.)
| | - Kenneth B Margulies
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (K.C.B., K.B.M.)
| | - Cristobal G Dos Remedios
- Sydney Heart Bank, Discipline of Anatomy, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia (C.G.d.R.)
| | - Diederik W D Kuster
- Department of Physiology (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias, the Netherlands (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.)
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias, the Netherlands (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.)
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2
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Yang Y, Liu X, Yang D, Li L, Li S, Lu S, Li N. Interplay of CD36, autophagy, and lipid metabolism: insights into cancer progression. Metabolism 2024; 155:155905. [PMID: 38548128 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
CD36, a scavenger receptor B2 that is dynamically distributed between cell membranes and organelle membranes, plays a crucial role in regulating lipid metabolism. Abnormal CD36 activity has been linked to a range of metabolic disorders, such as obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. CD36 undergoes various modifications, including palmitoylation, glycosylation, and ubiquitination, which greatly affect its binding affinity to various ligands, thereby triggering and influencing various biological effects. In the context of tumors, CD36 interacts with autophagy to jointly regulate tumorigenesis, mainly by influencing the tumor microenvironment. The central role of CD36 in cellular lipid homeostasis and recent molecular insights into CD36 in tumor development indicate the applicability of CD36 as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Here, we discuss the diverse posttranslational modifications of CD36 and their respective roles in lipid metabolism. Additionally, we delve into recent research findings on CD36 in tumors, outlining ongoing drug development efforts targeting CD36 and potential strategies for future development and highlighting the interplay between CD36 and autophagy in the context of cancer. Our aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the function of CD36 in both physiological and pathological processes, facilitating a more in-depth analysis of cancer progression and a better development and application of CD36-targeting drugs for tumor therapy in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaokun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lianhui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Sheng Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Sen Lu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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3
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Peng Z, Zeng Y, Tan Q, He Q, Wang S, Wang J. 6-Gingerol alleviates ectopic lipid deposition in skeletal muscle by regulating CD36 translocation and mitochondrial function. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 708:149786. [PMID: 38493545 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Ectopic lipid deposition (ELD) and mitochondrial dysfunction are common causes of metabolic disorders in humans. Consuming too much fructose can result in mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic disorders. 6-Gingerol, the main component of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), has been proven to alleviate metabolic disorders. This study seeks to examine the effects of 6-gingerol on metabolic disorders caused by fructose and uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, the results showed that 6-Gingerol ameliorated high-fructose-induced metabolic disorders. Moreover, it inhibited CD36 membrane translocation, increased CD36 expression in the mitochondria, and decreased the O-GlcNAc modification of CD36 and OGT expression in vitro and vivo. In addition, 6-Gingerol enhanced the performance of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle and boosted the respiratory capability of L6 myotubes. This study provides a theoretical basis and new insights for the development of lipid-lowering drugs in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Peng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qifeng He
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shang Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China.
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4
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Zhang F, Fu Y, Wang J, Lang L, Liang S, Zhang S, Wang L, Gao P, Shu G, Zhu C, Wu R, Jiang Q, Wang S. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces intestinal fatty acid uptake and chylomicron formation in HFD-fed mice associated with the inhibition of DHHC7-mediated CD36 palmitoylation and the downstream ERK pathway. Food Funct 2024; 15:5000-5011. [PMID: 38618651 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00099d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The anti-obesity effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been well elucidated, but whether CLA affects fat deposition by regulating intestinal dietary fat absorption remains largely unknown. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of CLA on intestinal fatty acid uptake and chylomicron formation and explore the possible underlying mechanisms. We found that CLA supplementation reduced the intestinal fat absorption in HFD (high fat diet)-fed mice accompanied by the decreased serum TG level, increased fecal lipids and decreased intestinal expression of ApoB48 and MTTP. Correspondingly, c9, t11-CLA, but not t10, c12-CLA induced the reduction of fatty acid uptake and TG content in PA (palmitic acid)-treated MODE-K cells. In the mechanism of fatty acid uptake, c9, t11-CLA inhibited the binding of CD36 with palmitoyltransferase DHHC7, thus leading to the decreases of CD36 palmitoylation level and localization on the cell membrane of the PA-treated MODE-K cells. In the mechanism of chylomicron formation, c9, t11-CLA inhibited the formation of the CD36/FYN/LYN complex and the activation of the ERK pathway in the PA-treated MODE-K cells. In in vivo verification, CLA supplementation reduced the DHHC7-mediated total and cell membrane CD36 palmitoylation and suppressed the formation of the CD36/FYN/LYN complex and the activation of the ERK pathway in the jejunum of HFD-fed mice. Altogether, these data showed that CLA reduced intestinal fatty acid uptake and chylomicron formation in HFD-fed mice associated with the inhibition of DHHC7-mediated CD36 palmitoylation and the downstream ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Yiming Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Junfeng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Limin Lang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Shuyi Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Shilei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Lina Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Ping Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Gang Shu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Canjun Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Ruifan Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Qingyan Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Songbo Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd.,Yunfu 527400, P. R. China
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5
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Glatz JFC, Heather LC, Luiken JJFP. CD36 as a gatekeeper of myocardial lipid metabolism and therapeutic target for metabolic disease. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:727-764. [PMID: 37882731 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00011.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional membrane glycoprotein CD36 is expressed in different types of cells and plays a key regulatory role in cellular lipid metabolism, especially in cardiac muscle. CD36 facilitates the cellular uptake of long-chain fatty acids, mediates lipid signaling, and regulates storage and oxidation of lipids in various tissues with active lipid metabolism. CD36 deficiency leads to marked impairments in peripheral lipid metabolism, which consequently impact on the cellular utilization of multiple different fuels because of the integrated nature of metabolism. The functional presence of CD36 at the plasma membrane is regulated by its reversible subcellular recycling from and to endosomes and is under the control of mechanical, hormonal, and nutritional factors. Aberrations in this dynamic role of CD36 are causally associated with various metabolic diseases, in particular insulin resistance, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and cardiac hypertrophy. Recent research in cardiac muscle has disclosed the endosomal proton pump vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase) as a key enzyme regulating subcellular CD36 recycling and being the site of interaction between various substrates to determine cellular substrate preference. In addition, evidence is accumulating that interventions targeting CD36 directly or modulating its subcellular recycling are effective for the treatment of metabolic diseases. In conclusion, subcellular CD36 localization is the major adaptive regulator of cellular uptake and metabolism of long-chain fatty acids and appears a suitable target for metabolic modulation therapy to mend failing hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa C Heather
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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6
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Bendas G, Schlesinger M. The Role of CD36/GPIV in Platelet Biology. Semin Thromb Hemost 2024; 50:224-235. [PMID: 37192651 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1768935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
CD36 (also known as platelet glycoprotein IV) is expressed by a variety of different cell entities, where it possesses functions as a signaling receptor, but additionally acts as a transporter for long-chain fatty acids. This dual function of CD36 has been investigated for its relevance in immune and nonimmune cells. Although CD36 was first identified on platelets, the understanding of the role of CD36 in platelet biology remained scarce for decades. In the past few years, several discoveries have shed a new light on the CD36 signaling activity in platelets. Notably, CD36 has been recognized as a sensor for oxidized low-density lipoproteins in the circulation that mitigates the threshold for platelet activation under conditions of dyslipidemia. Thus, platelet CD36 transduces atherogenic lipid stress into an increased risk for thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke. The underlying pathways that are affected by CD36 are the inhibition of cyclic nucleotide signaling pathways and simultaneously the induction of activatory signaling events. Furthermore, thrombospondin-1 secreted by activated platelets binds to CD36 and furthers paracrine platelet activation. CD36 also serves as a binding hub for different coagulation factors and, thus, contributes to the plasmatic coagulation cascade. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent findings on platelet CD36 and presents CD36 as a relevant target for the prevention of thrombotic events for dyslipidemic individuals with an elevated risk for thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Bendas
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Schlesinger
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn, Germany
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7
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Shi P, Meng R, Xu J, Zhang Q, Ye G, Yan X, Liao K. Fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36) in silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus): Molecular cloning and functional characterization. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 270:110926. [PMID: 38036286 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of lipid transport and metabolism in fish is crucial to enhance dietary lipid utilization. Here, fatty acid translocase (CD36) gene was characterized in silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus). The open reading frame of silver pomfret cd36 gene was 1395 bp, encoding 464 amino acids. The silver pomfret CD36 protein contained typical transmembrane regions and N-glycosylation modification sites, and was localized to the cytomembrane. The cd36 gene was ubiquitously expressed in all tested tissues, with the highest expression observed in brain tissue. In vivo, both fasting and short-term high-fat feeding could increase cd36 expression in intestinal tissue. In vitro, cd36 expression was induced by palmitic acid, oleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid treatment in intestinal tissue. Furthermore, dual-luciferase reporter assay results indicated that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) could enhance cd36 promoter activity, and the co-expression of cd36 and pparγ was observed in EPA-incubated intestine, suggesting that EPA may regulate the expression of cd36 via PPARγ to maintain the homeostasis of intestinal lipid metabolism in silver pomfret. These results highlighted the crucial role of CD36 in silver pomfret, and suggested that the cd36 expression may be regulated by PPARγ. This study could contribute to a greater understanding of lipid metabolism and the development of effective strategies for nutrient requirements in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shi
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ran Meng
- Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo 315012, China
| | - Jilin Xu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Guochao Ye
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Kai Liao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
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8
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Jiang M, Karsenberg R, Bianchi F, van den Bogaart G. CD36 as a double-edged sword in cancer. Immunol Lett 2024; 265:7-15. [PMID: 38122906 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The membrane protein CD36 is a lipid transporter, scavenger receptor, and receptor for the antiangiogenic protein thrombospondin 1 (TSP1). CD36 is expressed by cancer cells and by many associated cells including various cancer-infiltrating immune cell types. Thereby, CD36 plays critical roles in cancer, and it has been reported to affect cancer growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. However, these roles are partly contradictory, as CD36 has been both reported to promote and inhibit cancer progression. Moreover, the mechanisms are also partly contradictory, because CD36 has been shown to exert opposite cellular effects such as cell division, senescence and cell death. This review provides an overview of the diverse effects of CD36 on tumor progression, aiming to shed light on its diverse pro- and anti-cancer roles, and the implications for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muwei Jiang
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747AG, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Renske Karsenberg
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747AG, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frans Bianchi
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747AG, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747AG, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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9
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Yang YH, Wen R, Yang N, Zhang TN, Liu CF. Roles of protein post-translational modifications in glucose and lipid metabolism: mechanisms and perspectives. Mol Med 2023; 29:93. [PMID: 37415097 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00684-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolism of glucose and lipids is essential for energy production in the body, and dysregulation of the metabolic pathways of these molecules is implicated in various acute and chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis (AS), obesity, tumor, and sepsis. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins, which involve the addition or removal of covalent functional groups, play a crucial role in regulating protein structure, localization function, and activity. Common PTMs include phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, methylation, and glycosylation. Emerging evidence indicates that PTMs are significant in modulating glucose and lipid metabolism by modifying key enzymes or proteins. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role and regulatory mechanisms of PTMs in glucose and lipid metabolism, with a focus on their involvement in disease progression associated with aberrant metabolism. Furthermore, we discuss the future prospects of PTMs, highlighting their potential for gaining deeper insights into glucose and lipid metabolism and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hang Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36, SanHao Street, Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, 110004, China
| | - Ri Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36, SanHao Street, Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, 110004, China
| | - Ni Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36, SanHao Street, Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, 110004, China
| | - Tie-Ning Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36, SanHao Street, Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, 110004, China.
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36, SanHao Street, Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, 110004, China.
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10
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Liqiang S, Fang-Hui L, Minghui Q, Yanan Y, Haichun C. Free fatty acids and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are correlated with chronic inflammation in obesity. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:93. [PMID: 37403139 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01842-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related chronic inflammation is closely related to the ability of immune cells to adapt to the body's needs, research has shown that excess FAs can further activate pro-inflammatory transcription factors in the nucleus by interacting with various receptors such as CD36 and TLR4, thereby affecting the inflammatory state of cells. However, how the profile of various fatty acids in the blood of obese individuals is associated with chronic inflammation remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The biomarkers associated with obesity were identified from 40 fatty acids (FAs) in the blood, and analyze the relationship between the biomarkers and chronic inflammation. Furthermore, by analyzing the difference in the expression of CD36, TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) between obese and standard weight people, understand that immunophenotype PBMC is associated with chronic inflammation. METHODS This study is a cross-sectional study. Participants were recruited from the Yangzhou Lipan weight loss training camp from May 2020 to July 2020. The sample size was 52 individuals, including 25 in the normal weight group and 27 in the obesity group. Individuals with obesity and controls of normal weight were recruited to identify biomarkers associated with obesity from 40 fatty acids in the blood; correlation analysis was conducted between the screened potential biomarkers FAs and the chronic inflammation index hs-CRP to identify FA biomarkers associated with chronic inflammation. Changes in the fatty acid receptor CD36, inflammatory receptor TLR4, and inflammatory nuclear transcription factor NF-κB p65 in PBMC subsets were used to further test the relationship between fatty acids and the inflammatory state in individuals with obesity. RESULTS 23 potential FA biomarkers for obesity were screened, eleven of the potential obesity biomarkers were also significantly related to hs-CRP. Compared to the control group, in monocytes the obesity group expressed higher TLR4, CD36, and NF-κB p65 in lymphocytes, the obesity group expressed higher TLR4 and CD36; and in granulocytes the obesity group expressed higher CD36. CONCLUSION Blood FAs are associated with obesity and are associated with chronic inflammation through increased CD36, TLR4, and NF-κB p65 in monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Liqiang
- Key Lab of Aquatic Sports Training Monitoring and Intervention of General Administration of Sport of China, Physical Education College, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, Jiangxi, China
| | - Li Fang-Hui
- School of Sport Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quan Minghui
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yang Yanan
- Key Lab of Aquatic Sports Training Monitoring and Intervention of General Administration of Sport of China, Physical Education College, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chen Haichun
- Key Lab of Aquatic Sports Training Monitoring and Intervention of General Administration of Sport of China, School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China.
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11
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Yang R, Liu Q, Zhang M. The Past and Present Lives of the Intraocular Transmembrane Protein CD36. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010171. [PMID: 36611964 PMCID: PMC9818597 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) belongs to the B2 receptors of the scavenger receptor class B family, which is comprised of single-chain secondary transmembrane glycoproteins. It is present in a variety of cell types, including monocytes, macrophages, microvascular endothelial cells, adipocytes, hepatocytes, platelets, skeletal muscle cells, kidney cells, cardiomyocytes, taste bud cells, and a variety of other cell types. CD36 can be localized on the cell surface, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and endosomes, playing a role in lipid accumulation, oxidative stress injury, apoptosis, and inflammatory signaling. Recent studies have found that CD36 is expressed in a variety of ocular cells, including retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), retinal microvascular endothelial cells, retinal ganglion cells (RGC), Müller cells, and photoreceptor cells, playing an important role in eye diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and glaucoma. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of CD36 function and downstream signaling pathways is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of eye diseases. This article reviews the molecular characteristics, distribution, and function of scavenger receptor CD36 and its role in ophthalmology in order to deepen the understanding of CD36 in eye diseases and provide new ideas for treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rucui Yang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Qingping Liu
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China
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12
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Ramos-Jiménez A, Zavala-Lira RA, Moreno-Brito V, González-Rodríguez E. FAT/CD36 Participation in Human Skeletal Muscle Lipid Metabolism: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2022; 12:jcm12010318. [PMID: 36615118 PMCID: PMC9821548 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid translocase/cluster of differentiation 36 (FAT/CD36) is a multifunctional membrane protein activated by a high-fat diet, physical exercise, fatty acids (FAs), leptin, and insulin. The principal function of FAT/CD36 is to facilitate the transport of long-chain fatty acids through cell membranes such as myocytes, adipocytes, heart, and liver. Under high-energy expenditure, the different isoforms of FAT/CD36 in the plasma membrane and mitochondria bind to the mobilization and oxidation of FAs. Furthermore, FAT/CD36 is released in its soluble form and becomes a marker of metabolic dysfunction. Studies with healthy animals and humans show that physical exercise and a high-lipid diet increase FAT/CD36 expression and caloric expenditure. However, several aspects such as obesity, diabetes, Single Nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and oxidative stress affect the normal FAs metabolism and function of FAT/CD36, inducing metabolic disease. Through a comprehensive systematic review of primary studies, this work aimed to document molecular mechanisms related to FAT/CD36 in FAs oxidation and trafficking in skeletal muscle under basal conditions, physical exercise, and diet in healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnulfo Ramos-Jiménez
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo S/N, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Chihuahua, Mexico
- Correspondence:
| | - Ruth A. Zavala-Lira
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo S/N, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Verónica Moreno-Brito
- Facultad de Medicina, Circuito Universitario Campus II, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31124, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Everardo González-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Medicina, Circuito Universitario Campus II, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31124, Chihuahua, Mexico
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13
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Chu Q, An J, Liu P, Song Y, Zhai X, Yang R, Niu J, Yang C, Li B. Repurposing a tricyclic antidepressant in tumor and metabolism disease treatment through fatty acid uptake inhibition. J Exp Med 2022; 220:213757. [PMID: 36520461 PMCID: PMC9757841 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid uptake is essential for cell physiological function, but detailed mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we generated an acetyl-CoA carboxylases (ACC1/2) double-knockout cell line, which lacked fatty acid biosynthesis and survived on serum fatty acids and was used to screen for fatty acid uptake inhibitors. We identified a Food and Drug Administration-approved tricyclic antidepressant, nortriptyline, that potently blocked fatty acid uptake both in vitro and in vivo. We also characterized underlying mechanisms whereby nortriptyline provoked lysosomes to release protons and induce cell acidification to suppress macropinocytosis, which accounted for fatty acid endocytosis. Furthermore, nortriptyline alone or in combination with ND-646, a selective ACC1/2 inhibitor, significantly repressed tumor growth, lipogenesis, and hepatic steatosis in mice. Therefore, we show that cells actively take up fatty acids through macropinocytosis, and we provide a potential strategy suppressing tumor growth, lipogenesis, and hepatic steatosis through controlling the cellular level of fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyun Chu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing An
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yihan Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuewei Zhai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ronghui Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Niu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanzhen Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Binghui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Department of Cancer Cell Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China,Correspondence to Binghui Li:
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14
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Feng Y, Sun W, Sun F, Yin G, Liang P, Chen S, Liu X, Jiang T, Zhang F. Biological Mechanisms and Related Natural Inhibitors of CD36 in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3829-3845. [PMID: 36388082 PMCID: PMC9642071 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s386982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a spectrum of liver disorders from non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to the more severe non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is the leading etiology of chronic liver disease and its global prevalence is increasing. Hepatic steatosis, a condition marked by an abnormal buildup of triglycerides in the liver, is the precursor to NAFLD. Differentiated cluster 36 (CD36), a scavenger receptor class B protein, is a membrane receptor that recognizes multiple lipid and non-lipid ligands. It is generally agreed that CD36 contributes significantly to hepatic steatosis by taking part in fatty acid uptake as well as triglyceride storage and secretion. While there has not been any conclusive research on how CD36 inhibitors prevent NAFLD from progressing and no clinically approved CD36 inhibitors are currently available for use in NAFLD, CD36 remains a target worthy of further investigation in NAFLD. In recent years, the potential role of natural products acting through CD36 in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has attracted much attention. This paper offers an overview of the pathogenesis of CD36 in NAFLD and summarizes some of the natural compounds or extracts that are currently being investigated for modulating NAFLD via CD36 or the CD36 pathway, providing an alternative approach to the development of CD36-related drugs in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Feng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenxiu Sun
- Department of Nursing, Taishan Vocational College of Nursing, Taian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengcui Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Yin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengpeng Liang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Suwen Chen
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyi Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongfei Jiang
- Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengxia Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Fiserova I, Trinh MD, Elkalaf M, Vacek L, Heide M, Martinkova S, Bechynska K, Kosek V, Hajslova J, Fiser O, Tousek P, Polak J. Isoprenaline modified the lipidomic profile and reduced β-oxidation in HL-1 cardiomyocytes: In vitro model of takotsubo syndrome. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:917989. [PMID: 36072861 PMCID: PMC9441769 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.917989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested a pathogenetic link between impaired mitochondria and Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), which is closely connected with catecholamine overstimulation, poor outcomes, and changes in lipid metabolism. We investigated the changes in lipid metabolism at the level of fatty acid β-oxidation and changes in the intracellular lipidomic spectrum. The immortalized cell line of HL-1 cardiomyocytes was used in this study as an established in vitro model of TTS. The cells were exposed to the non-selective β-agonist isoprenaline (ISO) for acute (2 h) and prolonged (24 h) periods. We investigated the impact on mitochondrial adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP) production and β-oxidation using real-time cell metabolic analysis, total lipid content, and changes in the lipidomic spectrum using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry. Furthermore, modifications of selected lipid transporters were determined using real-time – polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and/or Western blot techniques. By choosing this wide range of targets, we provide a detailed overview of molecular changes in lipid metabolism during catecholamine overstimulation. The present study demonstrates that acute exposure to ISO decreased ATP production by up to 42.2%, and prolonged exposure to ISO decreased β-oxidation by 86.4%. Prolonged exposure to ISO also increased lipid accumulation by 4%. Lipid spectrum analysis of prolonged exposure to ISO showed a reduced concentration of cardioprotective and an increased concentration of lipotoxic lipid molecules during long-term exposure. Decreased lipid utilization can lead to higher intracellular lipid accumulation and the formation of lipotoxic molecules. Changes in the lipid spectrum can induce pathophysiological signaling pathways leading to cardiomyocyte remodeling or apoptosis. Thus, changes in lipid metabolism induced by excessive doses of catecholamines may cause TTS and contribute to a progression of heart failure, which is at increased risk after a TTS episode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Fiserova
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Cardiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, Prague, Czechia
| | - Minh Duc Trinh
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Cardiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, Prague, Czechia
| | - Moustafa Elkalaf
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Lukas Vacek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marek Heide
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Stanislava Martinkova
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Kamila Bechynska
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vit Kosek
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jana Hajslova
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ondrej Fiser
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petr Tousek
- Department of Cardiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jan Polak
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Jan Polak,
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16
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Interplay between Lipid Metabolism, Lipid Droplets, and DNA Virus Infections. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142224. [PMID: 35883666 PMCID: PMC9324743 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are cellular organelles rich in neutral lipids such as triglycerides and cholesterol esters that are coated by a phospholipid monolayer and associated proteins. LDs are known to play important roles in the storage and availability of lipids in the cell and to serve as a source of energy reserve for the cell. However, these structures have also been related to oxidative stress, reticular stress responses, and reduced antigen presentation to T cells. Importantly, LDs are also known to modulate viral infection by participating in virus replication and assembly. Here, we review and discuss the interplay between neutral lipid metabolism and LDs in the replication cycle of different DNA viruses, identifying potentially new molecular targets for the treatment of viral infections.
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17
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Zeng S, Wu F, Chen M, Li Y, You M, Zhang Y, Yang P, Wei L, Ruan XZ, Zhao L, Chen Y. Inhibition of Fatty Acid Translocase (FAT/CD36) Palmitoylation Enhances Hepatic Fatty Acid β-Oxidation by Increasing Its Localization to Mitochondria and Interaction with Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 1. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:1081-1100. [PMID: 35044230 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Impaired fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in mitochondria of hepatocytes causes lipid accumulation and excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative damage, leading to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Fatty acid translocase (FAT/cluster of differentiation 36 [CD36]), a transmembrane protein that facilitates the uptake of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs), is recently found to be involved in FAO. The function of FAT/CD36 is associated with its subcellular localization. Palmitoylation, one of the most common lipid modifications, is generally thought to regulate FAT/CD36 subcellular localization. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of palmitoylation in FAT/CD36 localization to mitochondria and its influence on FAO in hepatocytes. Results: We demonstrated that FAT/CD36 exists on the mitochondria of hepatocytes. Palmitoylation of FAT/CD36 was significantly upregulated in NAFLD. Inhibition of FAT/CD36 palmitoylation resulted in an obvious increase in the distribution of FAT/CD36 to mitochondria of hepatocytes. Depalmitoylated FAT/CD36 on the mitochondrial membrane continues functioning by facilitating fatty acid trafficking to mitochondria. Abundant mitochondrial FAT/CD36 interacted with long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1), and thus, more LCFAs were transported to ACSL1. This led to an increase in the generation of long-chain acyl-CoA, contributing to the enhancement of FAO and alleviating NAFLD. Innovation and Conclusion: This work revealed that inhibiting FAT/CD36 palmitoylation alleviates NAFLD by promoting FAT/CD36 localization to the mitochondria of hepatocytes. Mitochondrial FAT/CD36 functions as a molecular bridge between LCFAs and ACSL1 to increase the production of long-chain acyl-CoA, thus promoting FAO, thereby avoiding lipid accumulation and overproduction of ROS in hepatocytes. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 1081-1100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zeng
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengyue Chen
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengyue You
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Wei
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiong Z Ruan
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,John Moorhead Research Laboratory, Centre for Nephrology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lei Zhao
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaxi Chen
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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18
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Yoo A, Joo Y, Cheon Y, Lee SJ, Lee S. Neuronal growth regulator 1 promotes adipocyte lipid trafficking via interaction with CD36. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100221. [PMID: 35526561 PMCID: PMC9189132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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19
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Zhang Y, Dong D, Xu X, He H, Zhu Y, Lei T, Ou H. Oxidized high-density lipoprotein promotes CD36 palmitoylation and increases lipid uptake in macrophages. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102000. [PMID: 35500650 PMCID: PMC9144050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidized high-density lipoprotein (oxHDL) reduces the ability of cells to mediate reverse cholesterol transport and also shows atherogenic properties. Palmitoylation of cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), an important receptor mediating lipoprotein uptake, is required for fatty acid endocytosis. However, the relationship between oxHDL and CD36 has not been described in mechanistic detail. Here, we demonstrate using acyl-biotin exchange analysis that oxHDL activates CD36 by increasing CD36 palmitoylation, which promotes efficient uptake in macrophages. This modification increased CD36 incorporation into plasma lipid rafts and activated downstream signaling mediators, such as Lyn, Fyn, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, which elicited enhanced oxHDL uptake and foam cell formation. Furthermore, blocking CD36 palmitoylation with the pharmacological inhibitor 2-bromopalmitate decreased cell surface translocation and lowered oxHDL uptake in oxHDL-treated macrophages. We verified these results by transfecting oxHDL-induced macrophages with vectors expressing wildtype or mutant CD36 (mCD36) in which the cytoplasmic palmitoylated cysteine residues were replaced. We show that cells containing mCD36 exhibited less palmitoylated CD36, disrupted plasma membrane trafficking, and reduced protein stability. Moreover, in ApoE−/−CD36−/− mice, lipid accumulation at the aortic root in mice receiving the mCD36 vector was decreased, suggesting that CD36 palmitoylation is responsible for lipid uptake in vivo. Finally, our data indicated that palmitoylation of CD36 was dependent on DHHC6 (Asp-His-His-Cys) acyltransferase and its cofactor selenoprotein K, which increased the CD36/caveolin-1 interaction and membrane targeting in cells exposed to oxHDL. Altogether, our study uncovers a causal link between oxHDL and CD36 palmitoylation and provides insight into foam cell formation and atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Doudou Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tingwen Lei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Hailong Ou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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20
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Miao Y, Zhang C, Yang L, Zeng X, Hu Y, Xue X, Dai Y, Wei Z. The activation of PPARγ enhances Treg responses through up-regulating CD36/CPT1-mediated fatty acid oxidation and subsequent N-glycan branching of TβRII/IL-2Rα. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:48. [PMID: 35392915 PMCID: PMC8991706 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00849-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is an enhancer of Treg responses, but the mechanisms remain elusive. This study aimed to solve this problem in view of cellular metabolism. METHODS Three recognized PPARγ agonists (synthetic agonist: rosiglitazone; endogenous ligand: 15d-PGJ2; natural product: morin) were used as the tools to activate PPARγ. The fatty acid oxidation (FAO) was evaluated through the detection of fatty acid uptake, oxygen consumption rate, mitochondrial mass, mitochondrial membrane potential and acetyl-CoA level. The involvement of UDP-GlcNAc/N-linked glycosylation axis and the exact role of PPARγ in the action of PPARγ agonists were determined by flow cytometry, Q-PCR, western blotting, a commercial kit for enzyme activity and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout. RESULTS Rosiglitazone, 15d-PGJ2 and morin all increased the frequency of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg cells generated from naïve CD4+ T cells, boosted the transcription of Foxp3, IL-10, CTLA4 and TIGIT, and facilitated the function of Treg cells. They significantly promoted FAO in differentiating Treg cells by up-regulating the levels of CD36 and CPT1 but not other enzymes involved in FAO such as ACADL, ACADM, HADHA or HADHB, and siCD36 or siCPT1 dampened PPARγ agonists-promoted Treg responses. Moreover, PPARγ agonists enhanced UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis and subsequent N-linked glycosylation, but did not affect the expressions of N-glycan branching enzymes Mgat1, 2, 4 and 5. Notably, the enzyme activity of phosphofructokinase (PFK) was inhibited by PPARγ agonists and the effect was limited by siCD36 or siCPT1, implying PFK to be a link between PPARγ agonists-promoted FAO and UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis aside from acetyl-CoA. Furthermore, PPARγ agonists facilitated the cell surface abundance of TβRII and IL-2Rα via N-linked glycosylation, thereby activating TGF-β/Smads and IL-2/STAT5 signaling, and the connection between N-linked glycosylation and Treg responses was revealed by tunicamycin. However, the increased surface abundance of CD36 was demonstrated to be mainly owing to PPARγ agonists-up-regulated overall expression. Finally, PPARγ antagonist GW9662 or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of PPARγ constrained the effects of rosiglitazone, 15d-PGJ2 and morin, confirming the exact role of PPARγ. CONCLUSIONS The activation of PPARγ enhances Treg responses through up-regulating CD36/CPT1-mediated fatty acid oxidation and subsequent N-glycan branching of TβRII/IL-2Rα, which is beneficial for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Miao
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Changliu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yuxiao Hu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xinru Xue
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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21
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Transmembrane glycoprotein cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) is a scavenger receptor class B protein (SR-B2) that serves various functions in lipid metabolism and signaling, in particular facilitating the cellular uptake of long-chain fatty acids. Recent studies have disclosed CD36 to play a prominent regulatory role in cellular fatty acid metabolism in both health and disease. RECENT FINDINGS The rate of cellular fatty acid uptake is short-term (i.e., minutes) regulated by the subcellular recycling of CD36 between endosomes and the plasma membrane. This recycling is governed by the activity of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase) in the endosomal membrane via assembly and disassembly of two subcomplexes. The latter process is being influenced by metabolic substrates including fatty acids, glucose and specific amino acids, together resulting in a dynamic interplay to modify cellular substrate preference and uptake rates. Moreover, in cases of metabolic disease v-ATPase activity was found to be affected while interventions aimed at normalizing v-ATPase functioning had therapeutic potential. SUMMARY The emerging central role of CD36 in cellular lipid homeostasis and recently obtained molecular insight in the interplay among metabolic substrates indicate the applicability of CD36 as target for metabolic modulation therapy in disease. Experimental studies already have shown the feasibility of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F.C. Glatz
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost J.F.P. Luiken
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+
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22
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Lebrun LJ, Moreira S, Tavernier A, Niot I. Postprandial consequences of lipid absorption in the onset of obesity: Role of intestinal CD36. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Loaeza-Reyes KJ, Zenteno E, Moreno-Rodríguez A, Torres-Rosas R, Argueta-Figueroa L, Salinas-Marín R, Castillo-Real LM, Pina-Canseco S, Cervera YP. An Overview of Glycosylation and its Impact on Cardiovascular Health and Disease. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:751637. [PMID: 34869586 PMCID: PMC8635159 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.751637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiovascular system is a complex and well-organized system in which glycosylation plays a vital role. The heart and vascular wall cells are constituted by an array of specific receptors; most of them are N- glycosylated and mucin-type O-glycosylated. There are also intracellular signaling pathways regulated by different post-translational modifications, including O-GlcNAcylation, which promote adequate responses to extracellular stimuli and signaling transduction. Herein, we provide an overview of N-glycosylation and O-glycosylation, including O-GlcNAcylation, and their role at different levels such as reception of signal, signal transduction, and exogenous molecules or agonists, which stimulate the heart and vascular wall cells with effects in different conditions, like the physiological status, ischemia/reperfusion, exercise, or during low-grade inflammation in diabetes and aging. Furthermore, mutations of glycosyltransferases and receptors are associated with development of cardiovascular diseases. The knowledge on glycosylation and its effects could be considered biochemical markers and might be useful as a therapeutic tool to control cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Julissa Loaeza-Reyes
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación Facultad de Medicina-UNAM-UABJO, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Edgar Zenteno
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Rafael Torres-Rosas
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Liliana Argueta-Figueroa
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico.,Conacyt - Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Roberta Salinas-Marín
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología Humana y Diagnóstico Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Lizet Monserrat Castillo-Real
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Socorro Pina-Canseco
- Centro de Investigación Facultad de Medicina-UNAM-UABJO, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Yobana Pérez Cervera
- Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación Facultad de Medicina-UNAM-UABJO, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
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24
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Role of CD36 in Palmitic Acid Lipotoxicity in Neuro-2a Neuroblastoma Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11111567. [PMID: 34827565 PMCID: PMC8615720 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated level of palmitic acid (PA), a long-chain saturated fatty acid (SFA), is lipotoxic to many different types of cells including Neuro-2a (N2a) neuroblastoma cells. CD36 is a multifunctional membrane glycoprotein that acts as a fatty acid translocase (FAT) facilitating the transport of long-chain free fatty acids (FFAs) into cells, serves a fatty acid (FA) sensing function in areas including taste buds and the proximal gut, and acts as a scavenger receptor that binds to many ligands, including FAs, collagen, oxidized low-density lipoproteins, and anionic phospholipids. However, the involvement of CD36 in FA uptake and PA lipotoxicity in N2a cells remains unclear. In this study, we examined FA uptake in BSA- and PA-treated N2a cells and investigated the involvement of CD36 in FA uptake and PA lipotoxicity in N2a cells. Our data showed that PA treatment promoted FA uptake in N2a cells, and that treatment with sulfo-N-succinimidyl oleate (SSO), a CD36 inhibitor, significantly decreased FA uptake in BSA- and PA-treated N2a cells, and ameliorated PA-induced decrease of cell viability, decrease of diploid cells, and increase of tetraploid cells. We also found that CD36 knockdown significantly decreased FA uptake in both BSA- and PA-treated cells as compared to their corresponding wild-type controls, and dramatically attenuated PA-induced cell cycle defects in N2a cells. Our data suggest that CD36 may play a critical role in FA uptake and PA lipotoxicity in N2a cells. CD36 may therefore represent a regulatory target against pathologies caused by excess FAs.
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25
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Briolay A, Bessueille L, Magne D. TNAP: A New Multitask Enzyme in Energy Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910470. [PMID: 34638808 PMCID: PMC8509042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is mainly known for its necessary role in skeletal and dental mineralization, which relies on the hydrolysis of the mineralization inhibitor inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi). Mutations in the gene encoding TNAP leading to severe hypophosphatasia result in strongly reduced mineralization and perinatal death. Fortunately, the relatively recent development of a recombinant TNAP with a bone anchor has allowed to correct the bone defects and prolong the life of affected babies and children. Researches on TNAP must however not be slowed down, because accumulating evidence indicates that TNAP activation in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with enhanced cardiovascular mortality, presumably in relation with cardiovascular calcification. On the other hand, TNAP appears to be necessary to prevent the development of steatohepatitis in mice, suggesting that TNAP plays protective roles. The aim of the present review is to highlight the known or suspected functions of TNAP in energy metabolism that may be associated with the development of MetS. The location of TNAP in liver and its function in bile excretion, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) detoxification and fatty acid transport will be presented. The expression and function of TNAP in adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis will also be discussed. Given that TNAP is a tissue- and substrate-nonspecific phosphatase, we believe that it exerts several crucial pathophysiological functions that are just beginning to be discovered.
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26
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Zhang J, Li Q, Nogoy KMC, Sun J, Sun B, Wang Y, Tang L, Yu J, Jin X, Li X, Choi SH. Effect of palmitoleic acid on the differentiation of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 63:919-933. [PMID: 34447967 PMCID: PMC8367402 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2021.e78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that the unsaturated fatty acid palmitoleic acid (POA) could promote the expression of adipogenic/lipogenic genes in bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells (BSCs). The BSCs were cultured in a growth medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. When the cells reached 80%-90% confluence, we used the differentiation medium with 5% horse serum for differentiation for 96 h. The differentiation medium contained 50 µM, 100 µM and 200 µM POA. Control BSC were cultured only in differentiation media. Compared with the control BSC, the POA BSC significantly up-regulated the expression of paired box 3 (Pax3) and paired box 7 (Pax7) and down-regulated myogenin gene expression (p < 0.01), which indicates a depression in muscle fiber development. However, all POA treatments up-regulated the expression of the adipocyte transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha and beta (C/EBP α and C/EBP β), and other genes (p < 0.01) and increased the expression of PAT-family proteins and the concentration of adiponectin in the media. These results indicate that POA can convert part of BSCs into adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.,Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.,Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | | | - Jianfu Sun
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.,Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.,Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.,Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.,Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Xin Jin
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.,Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Xiangzi Li
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.,Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Seong-Ho Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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27
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Glatz JFC, Wang F, Nabben M, Luiken JJFP. CD36 as a target for metabolic modulation therapy in cardiac disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:393-400. [PMID: 34128755 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1941865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Disturbances in myocardial lipid metabolism are increasingly being recognized as drivers of the development and progression of heart disease. Therefore, there is a need for treatments that can directly target lipid metabolic defects in heart failure. The membrane-associated glycoprotein CD36 plays a pivotal role in governing myocardial lipid metabolism by mediating lipid signaling and facilitating the cellular uptake of long-chain fatty acids. Emerging evidence suggests that CD36 is a prominent target in the treatment of heart failure.Areas covered: This article provides an overview of the key role of CD36 for proper contractile functioning of a healthy heart, its implications in the development of cardiac disease (ischemia/reperfusion, cardiac hypertrophy, and diabetic cardiomyopathy), and its application as a target to normalize cardiac metabolism as part of so-called metabolic modulation therapy.Expert opinion: CD36 appears a promising and effective therapeutic target in the treatment of heart failure. Natural compounds and chemical agents known to alter the amount or subcellular distribution of CD36 or inhibit its functioning, should be evaluated for their potency to correct cardiac metabolism and cure heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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28
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Zhao L, Li Y, Ding Q, Li Y, Chen Y, Ruan XZ. CD36 Senses Dietary Lipids and Regulates Lipids Homeostasis in the Intestine. Front Physiol 2021; 12:669279. [PMID: 33995128 PMCID: PMC8113691 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.669279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary lipids absorbed in the intestine are closely related to the development of metabolic syndrome. CD36 is a multi-functional scavenger receptor with multiple ligands, which plays important roles in developing hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. In the intestine, CD36 is abundant on the brush border membrane of the enterocytes mainly localized in proximal intestine. This review recapitulates the update and current advances on the importance of intestinal CD36 in sensing dietary lipids and regulating intestinal lipids uptake, synthesis and transport, and regulating intestinal hormones secretion. However, further studies are still needed to demonstrate the complex interactions between intestinal CD36 and dietary lipids, as well as its importance in diet associated metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuqi Li
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuying Ding
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaxi Chen
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiong Z Ruan
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,John Moorhead Research Laboratory, Centre for Nephrology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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29
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Importance of evaluating protein glycosylation in pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for research and clinical applications. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:1041-1059. [PMID: 33830329 PMCID: PMC8245383 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02554-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Proper protein glycosylation is critical to normal cardiomyocyte physiology. Aberrant glycosylation can alter protein localization, structure, drug interactions, and cellular function. The in vitro differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CM) has become increasingly important to the study of protein function and to the fields of cardiac disease modeling, drug testing, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine. Here, we offer our perspective on the importance of protein glycosylation in hPSC-CM. Protein glycosylation is dynamic in hPSC-CM, but the timing and extent of glycosylation are still poorly defined. We provide new data highlighting how observed changes in hPSC-CM glycosylation may be caused by underlying differences in the protein or transcript abundance of enzymes involved in building and trimming the glycan structures or glycoprotein gene products. We also provide evidence that alternative splicing results in altered sites of glycosylation within the protein sequence. Our findings suggest the need to precisely define protein glycosylation events that may have a critical impact on the function and maturation state of hPSC-CM. Finally, we provide an overview of analytical strategies available for studying protein glycosylation and identify opportunities for the development of new bioinformatic approaches to integrate diverse protein glycosylation data types. We predict that these tools will promote the accurate assessment of protein glycosylation in future studies of hPSC-CM that will ultimately be of significant experimental and clinical benefit.
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30
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Edler MK, Johnson CT, Ahmed HS, Richardson JR. Age, sex, and regional differences in scavenger receptor CD36 in the mouse brain: Potential relevance to cerebral amyloid angiopathy and Alzheimer's disease. J Comp Neurol 2020; 529:2209-2226. [PMID: 33319367 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Scavenger receptor CD36 contributes significantly to lipid homeostasis, inflammation, and amyloid deposition, while CD36 deficiency is associated with restored cerebrovascular function in an Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model. Yet the distribution of CD36 has not been examined in the brain. Here, we characterized CD36 gene and protein expression in the brains of young, middle aged, aged, and elderly male and female C57BL/6J mice. Age-related increases in CD36 mRNA expression were observed in the male hippocampus and female midbrain. Additionally, male mice had greater CD36 mRNA expression than females in the striatum, hippocampus, and midbrain. CD36 protein was primarily expressed intravascularly, and this expression differed by region, age, and sex in the mouse brain. Although male mice brains demonstrated an increase in CD36 protein with age in several cortices, basal ganglia, hippocampus, and midbrain, a decrease with age was observed in female mice in the same regions. These data suggest that distinctive age, region, and sex expression of CD36 in the brain may contribute to Aβ deposition and neuroinflammation in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K Edler
- Department of Anthropology, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA.,Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA
| | - Cooper T Johnson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA
| | - Hashim S Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA
| | - Jason R Richardson
- Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
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31
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Shu H, Peng Y, Hang W, Nie J, Zhou N, Wang DW. The role of CD36 in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 118:115-129. [PMID: 33210138 PMCID: PMC8752351 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD36, also known as the scavenger receptor B2, is a multifunctional receptor widely expressed in various organs. CD36 plays a crucial role in the uptake of long-chain fatty acids, the main metabolic substrate in myocardial tissue. The maturation and transportation of CD36 is regulated by post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, and palmitoylation. CD36 is decreased in pathological cardiac hypertrophy caused by ischaemia-reperfusion and pressure overload, and increased in diabetic cardiomyopathy and atherosclerosis. Deficiency of CD36 alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy and atherosclerosis, while overexpression of CD36 eliminates ischaemia-reperfusion damage, together suggesting that CD36 is closely associated with the progression of cardiovascular diseases and may be a new therapeutic target. This review summarizes the regulation and post-translational modifications of CD36 and evaluates its role in cardiovascular diseases and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Shu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yizhong Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Weijian Hang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Jiali Nie
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
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Pirillo A, Svecla M, Catapano AL, Holleboom AG, Norata GD. Impact of protein glycosylation on lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 117:1033-1045. [PMID: 32886765 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is a post-translational modification consisting in the enzymatic attachment of carbohydrate chains to specific residues of the protein sequence. Several types of glycosylation have been described, with N-glycosylation and O-glycosylation being the most common types impacting on crucial biological processes, such as protein synthesis, trafficking, localization, and function. Genetic defects in genes involved in protein glycosylation may result in altered production and activity of several proteins, with a broad range of clinical manifestations, including dyslipidaemia and atherosclerosis. A large number of apolipoproteins, lipoprotein receptors, and other proteins involved in lipoprotein metabolism are glycosylated, and alterations in their glycosylation profile are associated with changes in their expression and/or function. Rare genetic diseases and population genetics have provided additional information linking protein glycosylation to the regulation of lipoprotein metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Pirillo
- Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, E. Bassini Hospital, via M. Gorki 50, 20092 Cinisello Balsamo, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS MultiMedica, via Milanese 300, 20099 Sesto S. Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - Monika Svecla
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Alberico Luigi Catapano
- IRCCS MultiMedica, via Milanese 300, 20099 Sesto S. Giovanni, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Adriaan G Holleboom
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Danilo Norata
- Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, E. Bassini Hospital, via M. Gorki 50, 20092 Cinisello Balsamo, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, Milan 20133, Italy
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Lin PH, Duann P. Dyslipidemia in Kidney Disorders: Perspectives on Mitochondria Homeostasis and Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1050. [PMID: 33013450 PMCID: PMC7494972 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To excrete body nitrogen waste and regulate electrolyte and fluid balance, the kidney has developed into an energy factory with only second to the heart in mitochondrial content in the body to meet the high-energy demand and regulate homeostasis. Energy supply from the renal mitochondria majorly depends on lipid metabolism, with programed enzyme systems in fatty acid β-oxidation and Krebs cycle. Renal mitochondria integrate several metabolic pathways, including AMPK/PGC-1α, PPARs, and CD36 signaling to maintain energy homeostasis for dynamic and static requirements. The pathobiology of several kidney disorders, including diabetic nephropathy, acute and chronic kidney injuries, has been primarily linked to impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics. Such homeostatic disruption in turn stimulates a pathological adaptation, with mitochondrial enzyme system reprograming possibly leading to dyslipidemia. However, this alteration, while rescuing oncotic pressure deficit secondary to albuminuria and dissipating edematous disorder, also imposes an ominous lipotoxic consequence. Reprograming of lipid metabolism in kidney injury is essential to preserve the integrity of kidney mitochondria, thereby preventing massive collateral damage including excessive autophagy and chronic inflammation. Here, we review dyslipidemia in kidney disorders and the most recent advances on targeting mitochondrial energy metabolism as a therapeutic strategy to restrict renal lipotoxicity, achieve salutary anti-edematous effects, and restore mitochondrial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Pu Duann
- Research and Development, Salem Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Salem, VA, United States
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34
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Millner A, Atilla-Gokcumen GE. Lipid Players of Cellular Senescence. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10090339. [PMID: 32839400 PMCID: PMC7570155 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10090339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids are emerging as key players of senescence. Here, we review the exciting new findings on the diverse roles of lipids in cellular senescence, most of which are enabled by the advancements in omics approaches. Senescence is a cellular process in which the cell undergoes growth arrest while retaining metabolic activity. At the organismal level, senescence contributes to organismal aging and has been linked to numerous diseases. Current research has documented that senescent cells exhibit global alterations in lipid composition, leading to extensive morphological changes through membrane remodeling. Moreover, senescent cells adopt a secretory phenotype, releasing various components to their environment that can affect the surrounding tissue and induce an inflammatory response. All of these changes are membrane and, thus, lipid related. Our work, and that of others, has revealed that fatty acids, sphingolipids, and glycerolipids are involved in the initiation and maintenance of senescence and its associated inflammatory components. These studies opened up an exciting frontier to investigate the deeper mechanistic understanding of the regulation and function of these lipids in senescence. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive snapshot of the current state of the field and share our enthusiasm for the prospect of potential lipid-related protein targets for small-molecule therapy in pathologies involving senescence and its related inflammatory phenotypes.
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Komatsuya K, Kaneko K, Kasahara K. Function of Platelet Glycosphingolipid Microdomains/Lipid Rafts. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155539. [PMID: 32748854 PMCID: PMC7432685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts are dynamic assemblies of glycosphingolipids, sphingomyelin, cholesterol, and specific proteins which are stabilized into platforms involved in the regulation of vital cellular processes. The rafts at the cell surface play important functions in signal transduction. Recent reports have demonstrated that lipid rafts are spatially and compositionally heterogeneous in the single-cell membrane. In this review, we summarize our recent data on living platelets using two specific probes of raft components: lysenin as a probe of sphingomyelin-rich rafts and BCθ as a probe of cholesterol-rich rafts. Sphingomyelin-rich rafts that are spatially and functionally distinct from the cholesterol-rich rafts were found at spreading platelets. Fibrin is translocated to sphingomyelin-rich rafts and platelet sphingomyelin-rich rafts act as platforms where extracellular fibrin and intracellular actomyosin join to promote clot retraction. On the other hand, the collagen receptor glycoprotein VI is known to be translocated to cholesterol-rich rafts during platelet adhesion to collagen. Furthermore, the functional roles of platelet glycosphingolipids and platelet raft-binding proteins including G protein-coupled receptors, stomatin, prohibitin, flotillin, and HflK/C-domain protein family, tetraspanin family, and calcium channels are discussed.
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36
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Drury J, Rychahou PG, He D, Jafari N, Wang C, Lee EY, Weiss HL, Evers BM, Zaytseva YY. Inhibition of Fatty Acid Synthase Upregulates Expression of CD36 to Sustain Proliferation of Colorectal Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1185. [PMID: 32850342 PMCID: PMC7411002 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid synthase, a key enzyme of de novo lipogenesis, is an attractive therapeutic target in cancer. The novel fatty acid synthase inhibitor, TVB-3664, shows anti-cancer activity in multiple cancers including colorectal cancer; however, it is unclear whether uptake of exogeneous fatty acids can compensate for the effect of fatty acid synthase inhibition. This study demonstrates that inhibition of fatty acid synthase selectively upregulates fatty acid translocase (CD36), a fatty acid transporter, in multiple colorectal cancer models including colorectal cancer cells with shRNA mediated knockdown of fatty acid synthase and genetically modified mouse tissues with heterozygous and homozygous deletion of fatty acid synthase. Furthermore, human colorectal cancer tissues treated with TVB-3664 show a significant and selective upregulation of CD36 mRNA. shRNA-mediated knockdown of CD36 and inhibition of CD36 via sulfosuccinimidyl oleate, a chemical inhibitor of CD36, decreased cell proliferation in vitro and reduced tumor growth in subcutaneous xenograft models. Isogenic cell populations established from patient derived xenografts and expressing high levels of CD36 show a significantly increased ability to grow tumors in vivo. The tumor-promoting effect of CD36 is associated with an increase in the levels of pAkt and survivin. Importantly, combinatorial treatment of primary and established colorectal cancer cells with TVB-3664 and sulfosuccinimidyl oleate shows a synergistic effect on cell proliferation. In summary, our study demonstrates that upregulation of CD36 expression is a potential compensatory mechanism for fatty acid synthase inhibition and that inhibition of CD36 can improve the efficacy of fatty acid synthase-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Drury
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Piotr G. Rychahou
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States,Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Daheng He
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Naser Jafari
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Chi Wang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Eun Y. Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Heidi L. Weiss
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Bernard Mark Evers
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States,Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Yekaterina Y. Zaytseva
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States,*Correspondence: Yekaterina Y. Zaytseva
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37
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Halliday SJ, Matthews DT, Talati MH, Austin ED, Su YR, Absi TS, Fortune NL, Gailani D, Matafonov A, West JD, Hemnes AR. A multifaceted investigation into molecular associations of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension pathogenesis. JRSM Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 9:2048004020906994. [PMID: 32110389 PMCID: PMC7019411 DOI: 10.1177/2048004020906994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension is characterized by incomplete
thrombus resolution following acute pulmonary embolism, leading to pulmonary
hypertension and right ventricular dysfunction. Conditions such as
thrombophilias, dysfibrinogenemias, and inflammatory states have been
associated with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, but molecular
mechanisms underlying this disease are poorly understood. We sought to
characterize the molecular and functional features associated with chronic
thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension using a multifaceted approach. Methods We utilized functional assays to compare clot lysis times between chronic
thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension patients and multiple controls. We
then performed immunohistochemical characterization of tissue from chronic
thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and
healthy controls, and examined RNA expression patterns of cultured
lymphocytes and pulmonary arterial specimens. We then confirmed RNA
expression changes using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and
Western blotting in pulmonary arterial tissue. Results Clot lysis times in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension patients
are similar to multiple controls. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary
hypertension endarterectomized tissue has reduced expression of both smooth
muscle and endothelial cell markers. RNA expression profiles in pulmonary
arteries and peripheral blood lymphocytes identified differences in RNA
transcript levels related to inflammation and growth factor signaling, which
we confirmed using immunohistochemistry. Gene expression data also suggested
significant alterations in metabolic pathways, and immunofluorescence and
Western blot experiments confirmed that unglycosylated CD36 and adiponectin
expression were increased in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
versus controls. Conclusions Our data do not support impaired clot lysis underlying chronic thromboembolic
pulmonary hypertension, but did demonstrate distinct molecular patterns
present both in peripheral blood and in pathologic specimens of chronic
thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension patients suggesting that altered
metabolism may play a role in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Halliday
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, USA
| | - Daniel T Matthews
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Megha H Talati
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Eric D Austin
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Yan R Su
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Tarek S Absi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Niki L Fortune
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - David Gailani
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Anton Matafonov
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - James D West
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Anna R Hemnes
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
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38
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Wu W, Wang S, Liu Q, Shan T, Wang X, Feng J, Wang Y. AMPK facilitates intestinal long-chain fatty acid uptake by manipulating CD36 expression and translocation. FASEB J 2020; 34:4852-4869. [PMID: 32048347 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901994r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cellular long-chain fatty acids' (LCFAs) uptake is a crucial physiological process that regulates cellular energy homeostasis. AMPK has been shown to modulate LCFAs uptake in several kinds of cells, but whether it exerts an impact on intestinal LCFAs uptake is not quite clear. In the current study, we found that AMPK reinforced LCFAs uptake in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Moreover, intestinal epithelium-specific AMPK deletion impaired intestinal LCFAs absorption and protected mice from high-fat diet-induced obesity. Mechanistically, we discovered that AMPK deletion reduced the CD36 protein level by upregulating Parkin-mediated polyubiquitination of CD36 in IECs. Furthermore, our results revealed that AMPK affected PARK2 (gene name of Parkin) mRNA stability in a YTHDF2-dependent manner through FTO-dependent demethylation of N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A). Besides, AMPK promoted the translocation of CD36 to the plasma membrane in IECs, but the inhibition of AKT signaling suppressed this effect, which also halted the accelerated fatty acid uptake induced by AMPK. These results suggest that AMPK facilitates the intestinal LCFAs uptake by upregulating CD36 protein abundance and promoting its membrane translocation simultaneously. Such findings shed light on the role of AMPK in the regulation of intestinal LCFAs uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiche Wu
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Sisi Wang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xinxia Wang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jie Feng
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Feed Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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Mu W, Provaznik J, Hackert T, Zöller M. Tspan8-Tumor Extracellular Vesicle-Induced Endothelial Cell and Fibroblast Remodeling Relies on the Target Cell-Selective Response. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020319. [PMID: 32013145 PMCID: PMC7072212 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cell-derived extracellular vesicles (TEX) expressing tetraspanin Tspan8-alpha4/beta1 support angiogenesis. Tspan8-alpha6/beta4 facilitates lung premetastatic niche establishment. TEX-promoted target reprogramming is still being disputed, we explored rat endothelial cell (EC) and lung fibroblast (Fb) mRNA and miRNA profile changes after coculture with TEX. TEX were derived from non-metastatic BSp73AS (AS) or metastatic BSp73ASML (ASML) rat tumor lines transfected with Tspan8 (AS-Tspan8) or Tspan8-shRNA (ASML-Tspan8kd). mRNA was analyzed by deep sequencing and miRNA by array analysis of EC and Fb before and after coculture with TEX. EC and Fb responded more vigorously to AS-Tspan8- than AS-TEX. Though EC and Fb responses differed, both cell lines predominantly responded to membrane receptor activation with upregulation and activation of signaling molecules and transcription factors. Minor TEX-initiated changes in the miRNA profile relied, at least partly, on long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that also affected chromosome organization and mRNA processing. These analyses uncovered three important points. TEX activate target cell autonomous programs. Responses are initiated by TEX targeting units and are target cell-specific. The strong TEX-promoted lncRNA impact reflects lncRNA shuttling and location-dependent distinct activities. These informations urge for an in depth exploration on the mode of TEX-initiated target cell-specific remodeling including, as a major factor, lncRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Mu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Pancreas Section, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (W.M.); (M.Z.); Tel.: +86-021-6384-6590 (W.M.); +49-6221-484-730 (M.Z.)
| | - Jan Provaznik
- EMBL Genomics Core Facility, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Pancreas Section, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Margot Zöller
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Pancreas Section, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (W.M.); (M.Z.); Tel.: +86-021-6384-6590 (W.M.); +49-6221-484-730 (M.Z.)
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40
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Glatz JFC, Luiken JJFP, Nabben M. CD36 (SR-B2) as a Target to Treat Lipid Overload-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction. J Lipid Atheroscler 2020; 9:66-78. [PMID: 32821722 PMCID: PMC7379071 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2020.9.1.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart faces the challenge of adjusting the rate of fatty acid uptake to match myocardial demand for energy provision at any given moment, avoiding both too low uptake rates, which could elicit an energy deficit, and too high uptake rates, which pose the risk of excess lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity. The transmembrane glycoprotein cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), a scavenger receptor (B2), serves many functions in lipid metabolism and signaling. In the heart, CD36 is the main sarcolemmal lipid transporter involved in the rate-limiting kinetic step in cardiac lipid utilization. The cellular fatty acid uptake rate is determined by the presence of CD36 at the cell surface, which is regulated by subcellular vesicular recycling from endosomes to the sarcolemma. CD36 has been implicated in dysregulated fatty acid and lipid metabolism in pathophysiological conditions, particularly high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Thus, in conditions of chronic lipid overload, high levels of CD36 are moved to the sarcolemma, setting the heart on a route towards increased lipid uptake, excessive lipid accumulation, insulin resistance, and eventually contractile dysfunction. Insight into the subcellular trafficking machinery of CD36 will provide novel targets to treat the lipid-overloaded heart. A screen for CD36-dedicated trafficking proteins found that vacuolar-type H+-ATPase and specific vesicle-associated membrane proteins, among others, were uniquely involved in CD36 recycling. Preliminary data suggest that these proteins may offer clues on how to manipulate myocardial lipid uptake, and thus could be promising targets for metabolic intervention therapy to treat the failing heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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41
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Glatz JFC, Nabben M, Young ME, Schulze PC, Taegtmeyer H, Luiken JJFP. Re-balancing cellular energy substrate metabolism to mend the failing heart. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165579. [PMID: 31678200 PMCID: PMC7586321 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acids and glucose are the main substrates for myocardial energy provision. Under physiologic conditions, there is a distinct and finely tuned balance between the utilization of these substrates. Using the non-ischemic heart as an example, we discuss that upon stress this substrate balance is upset resulting in an over-reliance on either fatty acids or glucose, and that chronic fuel shifts towards a single type of substrate appear to be linked with cardiac dysfunction. These observations suggest that interventions aimed at re-balancing a tilted substrate preference towards an appropriate mix of substrates may result in restoration of cardiac contractile performance. Examples of manipulating cellular substrate uptake as a means to re-balance fuel supply, being associated with mended cardiac function underscore this concept. We also address the molecular mechanisms underlying the apparent need for a fatty acid-glucose fuel balance. We propose that re-balancing cellular fuel supply, in particular with respect to fatty acids and glucose, may be an effective strategy to treat the failing heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Martin E Young
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - P Christian Schulze
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Heinrich Taegtmeyer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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42
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Niculite CM, Enciu AM, Hinescu ME. CD 36: Focus on Epigenetic and Post-Transcriptional Regulation. Front Genet 2019; 10:680. [PMID: 31379931 PMCID: PMC6659770 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CD36 is a transmembrane protein involved in fatty acid translocation, scavenging for oxidized fatty acids acting as a receptor for adhesion molecules. It is expressed on macrophages, as well as other types of cells, such as endothelial and adipose cells. CD36 participates in muscle lipid uptake, adipose energy storage, and gut fat absorption. Recently, several preclinical and clinical studies demonstrated that upregulation of CD36 is a prerequisite for tumor metastasis. Cancer metastasis-related research emerged much later and has been less investigated, though it is equally or even more important. CD36 protein expression can be modified by epigenetic changes and post-transcriptional interference from non-coding RNAs. Some data indicate modulation of CD36 expression in specific cell types by epigenetic changes via DNA methylation patterns or histone tails, or through miRNA interference, but this is largely unexplored. The few papers addressing this topic refer mostly to lipid metabolism-related pathologies, whereas in cancer research, data are even more scarce. The aim of this review was to summarize major epigenetic and post-transcriptional mechanisms that impact CD36 expression in relation to various pathologies while highlighting the areas in need of further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina-Mariana Niculite
- Cell Biology Department, "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Enciu
- Cell Biology Department, "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihail Eugen Hinescu
- Cell Biology Department, "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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Nagarajan SR, Paul-Heng M, Krycer JR, Fazakerley DJ, Sharland AF, Hoy AJ. Lipid and glucose metabolism in hepatocyte cell lines and primary mouse hepatocytes: a comprehensive resource for in vitro studies of hepatic metabolism. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 316:E578-E589. [PMID: 30694691 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00365.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a critical tissue for maintaining glucose, fatty acid, and cholesterol homeostasis. Primary hepatocytes represent the gold standard for studying the mechanisms controlling hepatic glucose, lipid, and cholesterol metabolism in vitro. However, access to primary hepatocytes can be limiting, and therefore, other immortalized hepatocyte models are commonly used. Here, we describe substrate metabolism of cultured AML12, IHH, and PH5CH8 cells, hepatocellular carcinoma-derived HepG2s, and primary mouse hepatocytes (PMH) to identify which of these cell lines most accurately phenocopy PMH basal and insulin-stimulated metabolism. Insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism in PH5CH8 cells, and to a lesser extent AML12 cells, responded most similarly to PMH. Notably, glucose incorporation in HepG2 cells were 14-fold greater than PMH. The differences in glucose metabolic activity were not explained by differential protein expression of key regulators of these pathways, for example glycogen synthase and glycogen content. In contrast, fatty acid metabolism in IHH cells was the closest to PMHs, yet insulin-responsive fatty acid metabolism in AML12 and HepG2 cells was most similar to PMH. Finally, incorporation of acetate into intracellular-free cholesterol was comparable for all cells to PMH; however, insulin-stimulated glucose conversion into lipids and the incorporation of acetate into intracellular cholesterol esters were strikingly different between PMHs and all tested cell lines. In general, AML12 cells most closely phenocopied PMH in vitro energy metabolism. However, the cell line most representative of PMHs differed depending on the mode of metabolism being investigated, and so careful consideration is needed in model selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa R Nagarajan
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences & Bosch Institute, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Moumita Paul-Heng
- Discipline of Surgery, Central Clinical School & Bosch Institute, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
| | - James R Krycer
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Daniel J Fazakerley
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Alexandra F Sharland
- Discipline of Surgery, Central Clinical School & Bosch Institute, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Andrew J Hoy
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences & Bosch Institute, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
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44
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Lipid Accumulation and Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040722. [PMID: 30925738 PMCID: PMC6520701 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and hyperlipidemia are the most prevalent independent risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD), suggesting that lipid accumulation in the renal parenchyma is detrimental to renal function. Non-esterified fatty acids (also known as free fatty acids, FFA) are especially harmful to the kidneys. A concerted, increased FFA uptake due to high fat diets, overexpression of fatty acid uptake systems such as the CD36 scavenger receptor and the fatty acid transport proteins, and a reduced β-oxidation rate underlie the intracellular lipid accumulation in non-adipose tissues. FFAs in excess can damage podocytes, proximal tubular epithelial cells and the tubulointerstitial tissue through various mechanisms, in particular by boosting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, promoting mitochondrial damage and tissue inflammation, which result in glomerular and tubular lesions. Not all lipids are bad for the kidneys: polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) seem to help lag the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Lifestyle interventions, especially dietary adjustments, and lipid-lowering drugs can contribute to improve the clinical outcome of patients with CKD.
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Walewska E, Wołodko K, Skarzynski D, Ferreira-Dias G, Galvão A. The Interaction Between Nodal, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Alpha, and Thrombospondin 1 Promotes Luteolysis in Equine Corpus Luteum. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:667. [PMID: 31632347 PMCID: PMC6779822 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of corpus luteus (CL) luteolysis is a complex process involving a myriad of factors. Previously, we have shown the involvement of Nodal in functional luteolysis in mares. Presently, we ask the extent of which Nodal mediation of luteolysis is done through regulation of angioregression. We demonstrated the interaction between Nodal and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α (HIF1α) and thrombospondin 1/thrombospondin receptor (TSP1/CD36) systems, could mediate angioregression during luteolysis. First, we demonstrated the inhibitory effect of Nodal on the vascular marker platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (CD31). Also, treatment of mid CL explants with vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) showed a trend on activin-like kinase 7 (Alk7) protein inhibition. Next, Nodal was also shown to activate HIF1α and in vitro culture of mid CL explants under decreased oxygen level promoted Nodal expression and SMAD family member 3 (Smad3) phosphorylation. In another experiment, the crosstalk between Nodal and TSP1/CD36 was investigated. Indeed, Nodal increased the expression of the anti-angiogenic TSP1 and its receptor CD36 in mid CL explants. Finally, the supportive effect of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) on TSP1/CD36 was blocked by SB431542 (SB), a pharmacological inhibitor of Nodal signaling. Thus, we evidenced for the first time the in vitro interaction between Nodal and both HIF1α and TSP1 systems, two conserved pathways previously shown to be involved in vascular regression during luteolysis. Considering the given increased expression of Nodal in mid CL and its role on functional luteolysis, the current results suggest the additional involvement of Nodal in angioregression during luteolysis in the mare, particularly in the activation of HIF1α and TSP1/CD36.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Walewska
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Karolina Wołodko
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Dariusz Skarzynski
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Graça Ferreira-Dias
- The Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António Galvão
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
- *Correspondence: António Galvão
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46
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Pfleger J, Gross P, Johnson J, Carter RL, Gao E, Tilley DG, Houser SR, Koch WJ. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 contributes to impaired fatty acid metabolism in the failing heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 123:108-117. [PMID: 30171848 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Increased G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK)2 is central to heart failure (HF) pathogenesis, via desensitization of β-adrenergic receptors and loss of contractile reserve. Since GRK2 has been shown to compromise fatty acid (FA) oxidation, this kinase may link metabolic and contractile defects in HF. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanistic role of GRK2 in FA metabolism and bioenergetics in the heart. For that purpose, we measured FA uptake and cluster of differentiation (CD)36 expression, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination in mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of GRK2 (TgGRK2) or expression of its c-terminus (GRK2 inhibitor- TgβARKct) or in global heterozygous GRK2 knockout (GRK2+/-) mice. Cellular bioenergetics were also measured in isolated cardiomyocytes following adenoviral delivery of exogenous GRK2, βARKct, or short hairpin GRK2 (shGRK2). Additionally, CD36 expression and phosphorylation were evaluated following transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in wild type (WT) and GRK2+/- mice. Our results show a 33% ± 0.81 reduction in FA uptake rate, accompanied by 51% ± 0.17 lower CD36 protein, and 70% ± 0.23 and 69% ± 0.18 increases in CD36 phosphorylation and ubiquitination, respectively, in the TgGRK2 mice. Moreover, an in vitro kinase assay suggests that GRK2 directly phosphorylates CD36. In isolated cardiomyocytes, GRK2 overexpression induced a 26% ± 2.21 decrease in maximal respiration, which was enhanced (20% ± 4.02-5.14) with inhibition of the kinase. Importantly, in hearts with systolic dysfunction, notable reductions in CD36 mRNA and protein, as well as a significant increase in CD36 phosphorylation were normalized in the GRK2+/- mice post-TAC. Thus, we propose that GRK2 up-regulation in HF is, at least partly, responsible for reduced FA uptake and oxidation and may be a nodal link between metabolic and contractile defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pfleger
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Polina Gross
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Jaslyn Johnson
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Rhonda L Carter
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Steven R Houser
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Walter J Koch
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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Glatz JFC, Luiken JJFP. Dynamic role of the transmembrane glycoprotein CD36 (SR-B2) in cellular fatty acid uptake and utilization. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:1084-1093. [PMID: 29627764 PMCID: PMC6027920 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r082933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The widely expressed transmembrane glycoprotein, cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), a scavenger receptor class B protein (SR-B2), serves many functions in lipid metabolism and signaling. Here, we review CD36's role in facilitating cellular long-chain fatty acid uptake across the plasma membrane, particularly in heart and skeletal muscles. CD36 acts in concert with other membrane proteins, such as peripheral plasma membrane fatty acid-binding protein, and is an intracellular docking site for cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding protein. The cellular fatty-acid uptake rate is governed primarily by the presence of CD36 at the cell surface, which is regulated by the subcellular vesicular recycling of CD36 from endosomes to the plasma membrane. CD36 has been implicated in dysregulated fatty acid and lipid metabolism in pathophysiological conditions, particularly in high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Current research is exploring signaling pathways and vesicular trafficking routes involving CD36 to identify metabolic targets to manipulate the cellular utilization of fatty acids. Because of its rate-controlling function in the use of fatty acids in the heart and muscle, CD36 would be a preferable target to protect myocytes against lipotoxicity. Despite a poor understanding of its mechanism of action, CD36 has emerged as a pivotal membrane protein involved in whole-body lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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48
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Zhao L, Varghese Z, Moorhead JF, Chen Y, Ruan XZ. CD36 and lipid metabolism in the evolution of atherosclerosis. Br Med Bull 2018. [PMID: 29534172 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldy006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD36 is a multi-functional class B scavenger receptor, which acts as an important modulator of lipid homeostasis and immune responses. SOURCES OF DATA This review uses academic articles. AREAS OF AGREEMENT CD36 is closely related to the development and progression of atherosclerosis. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY Both persistent up-regulation of CD36 and deficiency of CD36 increase the risk for atherosclerosis. Abnormally up-regulated CD36 promotes inflammation, foam cell formation, endothelial apoptosis, macrophage trapping and thrombosis. However, CD36 deficiency also causes dyslipidemia, subclinical inflammation and metabolic disorders, which are established risk factors for atherosclerosis. GROWING POINTS There may be an 'optimal protective window' of CD36 expression. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH In addition to traditionally modulating protein functions using gene overexpression or deficiency, the modulation of CD36 function at post-translational levels has recently been suggested to be a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Z Varghese
- John Moorhead Research Laboratory, Centre for Nephrology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, UK
| | - J F Moorhead
- John Moorhead Research Laboratory, Centre for Nephrology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yaxi Chen
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiong Z Ruan
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (CCID), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,John Moorhead Research Laboratory, Centre for Nephrology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, UK
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49
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Ayisi CL, Yamei C, Zhao JL. Genes, transcription factors and enzymes involved in lipid metabolism in fin fish. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aggene.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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50
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Thygesen C, Boll I, Finsen B, Modzel M, Larsen MR. Characterizing disease-associated changes in post-translational modifications by mass spectrometry. Expert Rev Proteomics 2018; 15:245-258. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1433036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Thygesen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Southern Denmark, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Denmark
| | - Inga Boll
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bente Finsen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Southern Denmark, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Denmark
| | - Maciej Modzel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Martin R. Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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