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Dernovšek J, Goričan T, Gedgaudas M, Zajec Ž, Urbančič D, Jug A, Skok Ž, Sturtzel C, Distel M, Grdadolnik SG, Babu K, Panchamatia A, Stachowski TR, Fischer M, Ilaš J, Zubrienė A, Matulis D, Zidar N, Tomašič T. Hiding in plain sight: Optimizing topoisomerase IIα inhibitors into Hsp90β selective binders. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 280:116934. [PMID: 39388906 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Due to their impact on several oncogenic client proteins, the Hsp90 family of chaperones has been widely studied for the development of potential anticancer agents. Although several Hsp90 inhibitors have entered clinical trials, most were unsuccessful because they induced a heat shock response (HSR). This issue can be circumvented by using isoform-selective inhibitors, but the high similarity in the ATP-binding sites between the isoforms presents a challenge. Given that Hsp90 shares a conserved Bergerat fold with bacterial DNA gyrase B and human topoisomerase IIα, we repurposed our ATP-competitive inhibitors of these two proteins for Hsp90 inhibition. We virtually screened a library of in-house inhibitors and identified eleven hits for evaluation of Hsp90 binding. Among these, compound 11 displayed low micromolar affinity for Hsp90 and demonstrated a 12-fold selectivity for Hsp90β over its closest isoform, Hsp90α. Out of 29 prepared analogs, 16 showed a preference for Hsp90β over Hsp90α. Furthermore, eleven of these compounds inhibited the growth of several cancer cell lines in vitro. Notably, compound 24e reduced intracellular levels of Hsp90 client proteins in MCF-7 cells, leading to cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase without inducing HSR. This inhibitor exhibited at least a 27-fold preference for Hsp90β and was selective against topoisomerase IIα, a panel of 22 representative protein kinases, and proved to be non-toxic in a zebrafish larvae toxicology model. Finally, molecular modeling, corroborated by STD NMR studies, and the binding of 24e to the S52A mutant of Hsp90α confirmed that the serine to alanine switch drives the selectivity between the two cytoplasmic isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaka Dernovšek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tjaša Goričan
- Laboratory for Molecular Structural Dynamics, Theory Department, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marius Gedgaudas
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7 (C319), LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Živa Zajec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dunja Urbančič
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Jug
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Žiga Skok
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Caterina Sturtzel
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Zimmermannplatz 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Distel
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Zimmermannplatz 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simona Golič Grdadolnik
- Laboratory for Molecular Structural Dynamics, Theory Department, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kesavan Babu
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105-3678, USA
| | - Ashna Panchamatia
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105-3678, USA
| | - Timothy R Stachowski
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105-3678, USA
| | - Marcus Fischer
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105-3678, USA
| | - Janez Ilaš
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Asta Zubrienė
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7 (C319), LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Daumantas Matulis
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7 (C319), LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Nace Zidar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Tihomir Tomašič
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Disha B, Mathew RP, Dalal AB, Mahato AK, Satyamoorthy K, Singh KK, Thangaraj K, Govindaraj P. Mitochondria in biology and medicine - 2023. Mitochondrion 2024; 76:101853. [PMID: 38423268 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are an indispensable part of the cell that plays a crucial role in regulating various signaling pathways, energy metabolism, cell differentiation, proliferation, and cell death. Since mitochondria have their own genetic material, they differ from their nuclear counterparts, and dysregulation is responsible for a broad spectrum of diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with several disorders, including neuro-muscular disorders, cancer, and premature aging, among others. The intricacy of the field is due to the cross-talk between nuclear and mitochondrial genes, which has also improved our knowledge of mitochondrial functions and their pathogenesis. Therefore, interdisciplinary research and communication are crucial for mitochondrial biology and medicine due to the challenges they pose for diagnosis and treatment. The ninth annual conference of the Society for Mitochondria Research and Medicine (SMRM)- India, titled "Mitochondria in Biology and Medicine" was organized at the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad, India, on June 21-23, 2023. The latest advancements in the field of mitochondrial biology and medicine were discussed at the conference. In this article, we summarize the entire event for the benefit of researchers working in the field of mitochondrial biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Disha
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, India; Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Rohan Peter Mathew
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Ashwin B Dalal
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, India
| | - Ajay K Mahato
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara (SDM) University, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Manjushree Nagar, Sattur, Dharwad 580009, India
| | - Keshav K Singh
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Kaul Genetics Building, Rm. 620, 720 20th St. South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Kumarasamy Thangaraj
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Periyasamy Govindaraj
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, India; Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560029, India.
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Singh MK, Shin Y, Ju S, Han S, Choe W, Yoon KS, Kim SS, Kang I. Heat Shock Response and Heat Shock Proteins: Current Understanding and Future Opportunities in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4209. [PMID: 38673794 PMCID: PMC11050489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The heat shock response is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that protects cells or organisms from the harmful effects of various stressors such as heat, chemicals toxins, UV radiation, and oxidizing agents. The heat shock response triggers the expression of a specific set of genes and proteins known as heat shock genes/proteins or molecular chaperones, including HSP100, HSP90, HSP70, HSP60, and small HSPs. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a crucial role in thermotolerance and aiding in protecting cells from harmful insults of stressors. HSPs are involved in essential cellular functions such as protein folding, eliminating misfolded proteins, apoptosis, and modulating cell signaling. The stress response to various environmental insults has been extensively studied in organisms from prokaryotes to higher organisms. The responses of organisms to various environmental stressors rely on the intensity and threshold of the stress stimuli, which vary among organisms and cellular contexts. Studies on heat shock proteins have primarily focused on HSP70, HSP90, HSP60, small HSPs, and ubiquitin, along with their applications in human biology. The current review highlighted a comprehensive mechanism of heat shock response and explores the function of heat shock proteins in stress management, as well as their potential as therapeutic agents and diagnostic markers for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonhwa Shin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Songhyun Ju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhee Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonchae Choe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sik Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Insug Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Kang X, Zhong C, Du X, Amevor FK, Shah AM, Zhu Q, Tian Y, Shu G, Wang Y, Zhao X. Study on the role of heat shock protein 90 ( HSP90) gene in chicken preadipocytes proliferation and differentiation. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:1776-1785. [PMID: 35522178 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2050252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the effects of Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) on adipocyte proliferation and differentiation in chickens. To achieve this, we constructed RNA interference (RNAi) vectors to target HSP90 and transfected the vectors into primary adipocytes. After transfection, oil red O staining was performed to determine the status of triglyceride accumulation in the cells, whereas the CCK-8 cell kit and 5-Ethynyl-2'-Deoxyuridine (EdU) assays were used to determine cell proliferation. Thereafter, the mRNA and protein expression levels of PPARγ, FAS, SREBP-1c, and HSP90 were determined, and the results showed that after the interference of HSP90, the mRNA and protein expression levels of HSP90 in the chicken adipocytes decreased significantly compared to the control and blank groups (p < 0.05). The decreased mRNA and protein expression of PPARγ, FAS, and SREBP-1c was related to adipocyte differentiation (p < 0.05). However, HSP90 interference had no effect on adipocyte proliferation (p > 0.05). Taken together, the results of this study showed that HSP90 influenced the expression of PPARγ and adipose-differentiation-related genes, thereby regulating triglyceride accumulation and adipocyte differentiation in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xincheng Kang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenglin Zhong
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaxia Du
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Felix Kwame Amevor
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ali Mujtaba Shah
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaofu Tian
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Dharaskar SP, Paithankar K, Amere Subbarao S. Analysis and functional relevance of the chaperone TRAP-1 interactome in the metabolic regulation and mitochondrial integrity of cancer cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7584. [PMID: 37165028 PMCID: PMC10172325 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34728-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The 90 kDa heat shock protein, Hsp90, functions as a cancer chaperone contributing to tumor proliferation. We have encountered the mitochondrial homolog of Hsp90, the TRAP-1, regulating mitochondrial dynamics, metabolism, and tumor metastasis. Although Hsp90 is associated with a broad network of proteins regulating various cellular processes, TRAP-1-mediated cellular networks are unclear. Therefore, using TRAP-1 knockdown (KD) and overexpression (OE) systems, we compared their quantitative transcriptome (RNA Sequencing) and proteomic (LC-MS/MS) patterns to obtain molecular signatures that are altered in response to TRAP-1 KD or OE. We report TRAP-1 modulating vital metabolic pathways such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, electron transport chain, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis. In addition, TRAP-1 facilitated the pentose phosphate pathway to shunt carbons back to glycolysis or gluconeogenesis, a much-solicited tumor response. Subsequently, we examined the TRAP-1 interactome using the tandem affinity purification system and identified 255 unique proteins. These diverse proteins appear to regulate several cellular processes, including energy metabolism, suggesting that TRAP-1, in addition to metabolic rewiring, maintains mitochondrial integrity. Our study exposes the unknown functions of TRAP-1 in cancer cells. Systematic evaluation of TRAP-1 interactors may uncover novel regulatory mechanisms in disease aggression. Since metabolic inhibitors are emerging as potential anticancer agents, our study gains importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrikant Purushottam Dharaskar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
- AcSIR - Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khanderao Paithankar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Sreedhar Amere Subbarao
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.
- AcSIR - Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Lehmann R, Rayner BS, Ziegler DS. Resistance mechanisms in BRAF V600E paediatric high-grade glioma and current therapeutic approaches. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1031378. [PMID: 36582791 PMCID: PMC9792688 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1031378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Paediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG) are aggressive central nervous system tumours with a poor prognosis. BRAFV600E mutant pHGGs can be treated with targeted BRAF inhibitors, which have shown both preclinical activity and potent clinical efficacy. Unfortunately, the development of drug resistance results in disease relapse or progression and is the primary cause of treatment failure. While there is a lot of data to explain mechanisms of resistance in other BRAFV600E tumours, comparatively little is known about the mechanisms of BRAF inhibitor resistance in BRAFV600E pHGG. Recent literature has identified aberrations in members of the RAS/RAF/ERK pathway, the PI3K/AKT/MTOR pathway and the cell cycle as major contributors to the resistance profile. A range of novel therapies have been suggested to overcome BRAF inhibitor drug resistance in BRAFV600E pHGG. This review will discuss the current literature available for BRAF inhibitor resistant BRAFV600E pHGGs and provide an overview of the currently available and proposed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lehmann
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - B S Rayner
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - D S Ziegler
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
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Peng S, Woodruff J, Pathak PK, Matts RL, Deng J. Crystal structure of the middle and C-terminal domains of Hsp90α labeled with a coumarin derivative reveals a potential allosteric binding site as a drug target. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2022; 78:571-585. [PMID: 35503206 PMCID: PMC9063849 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798322002261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The 90 kDa heat-shock protein (Hsp90) is an abundant molecular chaperone that is essential to activate, stabilize and regulate the function of a plethora of client proteins. As drug targets for the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, Hsp90 inhibitors that bind to the N-terminal ATP-binding site of Hsp90 have shown disappointing efficacy in clinical trials. Thus, allosteric regulation of the function of Hsp90 by compounds that interact with its middle and C-terminal (MC) domains is now being pursued as a mechanism to inhibit the ATPase activity and client protein-binding activity of Hsp90 without concomitant induction of the heat-shock response. Here, the crystal structure of the Hsp90αMC protein covalently linked to a coumarin derivative, MDCC {7-diethylamino-3-[N-(2-maleimidoethyl)carbamoyl]coumarin}, which is located in a hydrophobic pocket that is formed at the Hsp90αMC hexamer interface, is reported. MDCC binding leads to the hexamerization of Hsp90, and the stabilization and conformational changes of three loops that are critical for its function. A fluorescence competition assay demonstrated that other characterized coumarin and isoflavone-containing Hsp90 inhibitors compete with MDCC binding, suggesting that they could bind at a common site or that they might allosterically alter the structure of the MDCC binding site. This study provides insights into the mechanism by which the coumarin class of allosteric inhibitors potentially disrupt the function of Hsp90 by regulating its oligomerization and the burial of interaction sites involved in the ATP-dependent folding of Hsp90 clients. The hydrophobic binding pocket characterized here will provide new structural information for future drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Jeff Woodruff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Prabhat Kumar Pathak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Robert L. Matts
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Junpeng Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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Birbo B, Madu EE, Madu CO, Jain A, Lu Y. Role of HSP90 in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910317. [PMID: 34638658 PMCID: PMC8508648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
HSP90 is a vital chaperone protein conserved across all organisms. As a chaperone protein, it correctly folds client proteins. Structurally, this protein is a dimer with monomer subunits that consist of three main conserved domains known as the N-terminal domain, middle domain, and the C-terminal domain. Multiple isoforms of HSP90 exist, and these isoforms share high homology. These isoforms are present both within the cell and outside the cell. Isoforms HSP90α and HSP90β are present in the cytoplasm; TRAP1 is present in the mitochondria; and GRP94 is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and is likely secreted due to post-translational modifications (PTM). HSP90 is also secreted into an extracellular environment via an exosome pathway that differs from the classic secretion pathway. Various co-chaperones are necessary for HSP90 to function. Elevated levels of HSP90 have been observed in patients with cancer. Despite this observation, the possible role of HSP90 in cancer was overlooked because the chaperone was also present in extreme amounts in normal cells and was vital to normal cell function, as observed when the drastic adverse effects resulting from gene knockout inhibited the production of this protein. Differences between normal HSP90 and HSP90 of the tumor phenotype have been better understood and have aided in making the chaperone protein a target for cancer drugs. One difference is in the conformation: HSP90 of the tumor phenotype is more susceptible to inhibitors. Since overexpression of HSP90 is a factor in tumorigenesis, HSP90 inhibitors have been studied to combat the adverse effects of HSP90 overexpression. Monotherapies using HSP90 inhibitors have shown some success; however, combination therapies have shown better results and are thus being studied for a more effective cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bereket Birbo
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - Elechi E. Madu
- Departments of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (E.E.M.); (C.O.M.); (A.J.)
| | - Chikezie O. Madu
- Departments of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (E.E.M.); (C.O.M.); (A.J.)
| | - Aayush Jain
- Departments of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (E.E.M.); (C.O.M.); (A.J.)
| | - Yi Lu
- Health Science Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(901)-448-5436; Fax: +1-(901)-448-5496
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Pant A, Chittayil Krishnakumar K, Chakkalaparambil Dileep N, Yamana M, Meenakshisundaran Alamelu N, Paithankar K, Amash V, Amere Subbarao S. Hsp90 and its mitochondrial homologue TRAP-1 independently regulate hypoxia adaptations in Caenorhabditis elegans. Mitochondrion 2021; 60:101-111. [PMID: 34365052 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial adaptations to various environmental cues contribute to cellular and organismal adaptations across multiple model organisms. Due to increased complexity, a direct connection between mitochondrial integrity and oxygen fluctuations, and survival fitness was not demonstrated. Here, using C. elegans as a model system, we studied the role of HIF-1, Hsp90, and TRAP-1 in mitochondrial adaptations during chemical hypoxia. We show that Hsp90mt (Hsp90 mutant) but not HIF-1mt (HIF-1 mutant) affects hypoxia adaptation in nematodes. TRAP-1KD (TRAP-1 knockdown) interfered with the survival and fecundity of worms. Compared to Hsp90mt, TRAP-1KD has induced a significant decrease in mitochondrial integrity and oxygen consumption rate. The complex I inhibitor rotenone did not affect ATP levels in Hsp90mt worms. However, ATP levels were decreased in TRAP-1KD worms under similar conditions. The glucose restriction has reduced, and glucose supplementation has increased the survival rate in Hsp90mt worms. Neither glucose restriction nor glucose supplementation has significantly affected the survival of TRAP-1KD worms in response to hypoxia. However, TRAP-1 inhibition using a nanocarrier drug has dramatically reduced the survival rate in response to hypoxia. Our results suggest that Hsp90 and TRAP-1 independently regulate hypoxia adaptations and metabolic plasticity in C. elegans. Considering the emerging roles of TRAP-1 in altered energy metabolism and cellular adaptations, our findings gain importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakanksha Pant
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | | | | | - Meghana Yamana
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500007, India
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10
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Abstract
The carbazole class is made up of heterocyclically structured compounds first isolated from coal tar. Their structural motif is preponderant in different synthetic materials and naturally occurring alkaloids extracted from the taxonomically related higher plants of the genus Murraya, Glycosmis, and Clausena from the Rutaceae family. Concerning the biological activity of these compounds, many research groups have assessed their antiproliferative action of carbazoles on different types of tumoral cells, such as breast, cervical, ovarian, hepatic, oral cavity, and small-cell lung cancer, and underlined their potential effects against psoriasis. One of the principal mechanisms likely involved in these effects is the ability of carbazoles to target the JAK/STATs pathway, considered essential for cell differentiation, proliferation, development, apoptosis, and inflammation. In this review, we report the studies carried out, over the years, useful to synthesize compounds with carbazole moiety designed to target these kinds of kinases.
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11
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Kotwal A, Suran S, Amere Subbarao S. Hsp90 chaperone facilitates E2F1/2-dependent gene transcription in human breast cancer cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2020; 100:151148. [PMID: 33388604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2020.151148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The 90 kDa heat shock protein, Hsp90, is involved in the conformational stabilization and functional maturation of diverse cancer-promoting proteins. To date, more than 300 Hsp90 clients have identified, suggesting that Hsp90 plays a central role in deciding cancer cell fate. In this study, we present the nuclear functions of Hsp90 in regulating the E2F-dependent gene transcription. We show that the conformation specific Hsp90 inhibitor, 17AAG decreases the total cellular E2F levels more selectively in cancer cells than transformed cells. With the help of coimmunoprecipitation experiments, we show that Hsp90 interacts with E2F1 and E2F2 in cancer cells, whereas in transformed cells, only E2F1 interacts with Hsp90. Retention of E2F2 in the nucleus of cancer cells upon MG132 combination with 17AAG has suggested that Hsp90 is required for E2F2 stability and function. The HDAC6 inhibitor tubacin treatment did not interfere with E2F1/2 stability and nuclear accumulation. However, the HDAC3 inhibitor, RGFP966 treatment, decreased nuclear E2F1/2 and its target gene expression. The nuclear accumulation of E2F1 and E2F2 upon cell cycle inhibition correlated with decreased acetylated Hsp90. We expose the nuclear functions of Hsp90 in facilitating the cell cycle progression through stabilizing E2F1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Kotwal
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Telangana, India
| | - Sourabh Suran
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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12
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Kotwal A, Amere Subbarao S. Hsp90 regulates HDAC3-dependent gene transcription while HDAC3 regulates the functions of Hsp90. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109801. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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13
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Purushottam Dharaskar S, Paithankar K, Kanugovi Vijayavittal A, Shabbir Kara H, Amere Subbarao S. Mitochondrial chaperone, TRAP1 modulates mitochondrial dynamics and promotes tumor metastasis. Mitochondrion 2020; 54:92-101. [PMID: 32784002 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a central role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. However, the present understanding of mitochondria has changed from its unipotent functions to pluripotent and insists on understanding the role of mitochondria not only in regulating the life and death of cells, but in pathological conditions such as cancer. Unlike other cellular organelles, subtle alterations in mitochondrial organization may significantly influence the balance between metabolic networks and cellular behavior. Therefore, the delicate balance between the fusion and fission dynamics of mitochondrion can indicate cell fate. Here, we present mitochondrial chaperone TRAP1 influence on mitochondrial architecture and its correlation with tumor growth and metastasis. We show that TRAP1 overexpression (TRAP1 OE) promotes mitochondrial fission, whereas, TRAP1 knockdown (TRAP1 KD) promotes mitochondrial fusion. Interestingly, TRAP1 OE or KD had a negligible effect on mitochondrial integrity. However, TRAP1 OE cells exhibited enhanced proliferative potential, while TRAP1 KD cells showing increased doubling time. Further, TRAP1 dependent mitochondrial dynamic alterations appeared to be unique since mitochondrial localization of TRAP1 is a mandate for dynamic changes. The expression patterns of fusion and fission genes have failed to correlate with TRAP1 expression, indicating a possibility that the dynamic changes can be independent of these genes. In agreement with enhanced proliferative potential, TRAP1 OE cells also exhibited enhanced migration in vitro and tumor metastasis in vivo. Further, TRAP1 OE cells showed altered homing properties, which may challenge site-specific anticancer treatments. Our findings unravel the TRAP1 role in tumor metastasis, which is in addition to altered energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrikant Purushottam Dharaskar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India; AcSIR - Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Government of India, India
| | - Khanderao Paithankar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | | | - Hatim Shabbir Kara
- Presently at Life Sciences & Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbh, Bremen, Germany
| | - Sreedhar Amere Subbarao
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India.
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14
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Kumar P, Siripini S, Sreedhar AS. The matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) links Hsp90 chaperone with acquired drug resistance and tumor metastasis. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2020; 5:e1261. [PMID: 32761892 PMCID: PMC9780424 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer emergence is associated with a series of cellular transformations that include acquired drug resistance followed by tumor metastasis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and Hsp90 chaperone are implicated in tumor progression, however, they are not studied in the context of drug resistance. AIMS In the present study, we aimed at understanding the cross-talk between acquired drug resistance and tumor progression, linking MMP7 and Hsp90. METHODS AND RESULTS We have developed an in vitro model system for acquired drug resistance and studied the correlation between MMP7 and Hsp90. We demonstrate that enhanced drug efflux activity correlates with the induced expression and activity of MMP7, and enhanced metastatic potential of cells, however, in Hsp90-dependent manner. The MMP7 overexpression alone could enhance the drug efflux activity marginally, and metastasis significantly. However, challenging these cells with 17AAG has significantly increased the drug efflux activity and, in contrast, decreased the metastatic potential. Evaluating our in vitro findings in mice xenografts revealed that MMP7 overexpression facilitates altered homing properties. However, these cells, in response to 17AAG treatment, exhibited increased localized tumor growth but decreased tumor metastasis. CONCLUSION We demonstrated a cross-talk between Hsp90 and MMP7 in regulating the acquired drug resistance and tumor progression. Our findings provide novel insights on targeting drug resistant-tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar
- CSIR‐Centre for Cellular and Molecular BiologyHyderabadIndia
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15
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Kumar P, Devaki B, Jonnala UK, Amere Subbarao S. Hsp90 facilitates acquired drug resistance of tumor cells through cholesterol modulation however independent of tumor progression. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118728. [PMID: 32343987 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Acquired multidrug resistance of cancer cells challenges the chemotherapeutic interventions. To understand the role of molecular chaperone, Hsp90 in drug adapted tumor cells, we have used in vitro drug adapted epidermoid tumor cells as a model system. We found that chemotherapeutic drug adaptation of tumor cells is mediated by induced activities of both Hsp90 and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Although the high-affinity conformation of Hsp90 has correlated with the enhanced drug efflux activity, we did not observe a direct interaction between P-gp and Hsp90. The enrichment of P-gp and Hsp90 at the cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains is found obligatory for enhanced drug efflux activity. Since inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis is not interfering with the drug efflux activity, it is presumed that the net cholesterol redistribution mediated by Hsp90 regulates the enhanced drug efflux activity. Our in vitro cholesterol and Hsp90 interaction studies have furthered our presumption that Hsp90 facilitates cholesterol redistribution. The drug adapted cells though exhibited anti-proliferative and anti-tumor effects in response to 17AAG treatment, drug treatment has also enhanced the drug efflux activity. Our findings suggest that drug efflux activity and metastatic potential of tumor cells are independently regulated by Hsp90 by distinct mechanisms. We expose the limitations imposed by Hsp90 inhibitors against multidrug resistant tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana, India
| | - Bharath Devaki
- Presently at Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of Texas, Dallas, USA
| | - Ujwal Kumar Jonnala
- Presently at SYNGENE International Ltd., Biocon BMS R & D Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sreedhar Amere Subbarao
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana, India.
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16
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Tan A, Kizilkaya S, Kelestemur U, Akdemir A, Kara Y. The Synthesis, Anticancer Activity, Structure-Activity Relationships and Molecular Modelling Studies of Novel Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione Compounds Containing Different Functional Groups. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:1368-1378. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200410080648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione derivatives are known to have cytotoxic effects on many
cancer cells. The anticancer activity of these compounds varies depending on the substituents attached to them.
Therefore, the effect of substituents is very important when determining the anticancer activities of molecules.
We have recently reported an example of the substituent effect.
:
According to that work, the anticancer activity against HeLa, C6, and A549 cancer cell lines of isoindole-
1,3(2H)-dione compounds containing tert-butyldiphenylsilyl ether, azido, and hydroxyl groups was examined by
our group. It was found that an isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione compound containing both tert-butyldiphenylsilyl ether
group and azido groups showed higher anticancer activity than 5-fluorouracil and another isoindole-1,3(2H)-
dione compound containing both azido and hydroxyl groups.
:
After we discovered that tert-butyldiphenylsilyl ether group in the skeletal structure of isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione
exhibits anticancer activity against HeLa, C6, and A549 cancer cell lines, we wanted to examine the anticancer
activities of different silyl ether groups, i.e., OTMS, -OTBDPS, and -OTBDMS groups, and also -OH and -Br
groups, by comparing them with each other according to the structure–activity relationship.
Methods:
All of the synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectra, IR spectroscopy,
and mass spectra measurements. The IC50 values of these compounds were calculated for all cancer cell lines
and compared with each other and cisplatin, which is a platinum-containing chemotherapeutic drug. Molecular
modelling studies were carried out using the MOE software package.
Results:
It was found that compounds 13 and 16, containing both silyl ether (-OTBDMS) and -Br groups,
showed higher anticancer activity than cisplatin against both Caco-2 and MCF-7 cell lines. Compounds 20 and
23 showed anticancer activity in MCF-7 cells and compounds 8, 9, 20, and 23 in Caco-2 cells. While
compounds 20 and 23 have only a silyl ether (-OTMS) group, compounds 8 and 9 have only a -OH group.
Molecular modelling studies indicated that compounds 8 and 13, as well as their analogs, may bind to the active
site of hRS6KB1 (pdb: 4l3j), compound 11 may bind to the active site of human mTOR (pdb: 4jt5) and
additionally, compounds 10-17 are expected to be both mutagenic and reactive according to the mutagenicity
and reactivity calculations.
Conclusion:
According to these results, the anticancer activities of isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione compounds (8 - 23)
vary depending on the groups they contain and these groups affect each other's activities. Silyl ethers
(-OTBDMS and -OTMS) and -OH and -Br groups in the skeletal structure of isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione can be
regarded as anticancer agents. In this sense, compounds 13 and 16, containing both silyl ether (-OTBDMS) and -
Br groups, may be regarded as alternative chemotherapeutic drugs. This work may lead to the synthesis of new
isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione compounds containing different silyl ether groups and studies evaluating their
anticancer activities or other biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Tan
- Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Mus Alparslan University, Mus 49250, Turkey
| | - Serap Kizilkaya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Mus Alparslan University, Mus 49250, Turkey
| | | | - Atilla Akdemir
- Computer-Aided Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul 34093, Turkey
| | - Yunus Kara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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17
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Amash V, Paithankar K, Dharaskar SP, Arunachalam A, Amere Subbarao S. Development of Nanocarrier-Based Mitochondrial Chaperone, TRAP-1 Inhibitor to Combat Cancer Metabolism. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4188-4197. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijayalakshmi Amash
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Khanderao Paithankar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shrikant Purushottam Dharaskar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovation Research, Government of India, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Abirami Arunachalam
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
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18
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Synthesis of paramagnetic ligands that target the C-terminal binding site of Hsp90. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127303. [PMID: 32631523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Identification of a ligand binding site represents the starting point for a structure-based drug development program. Lack of a binding site hampers the development of improved ligands that modulate the protein of interest. In this letter, we describe the development of chemical tools that will allow for elucidation of the Hsp90 C-terminal ligand binding site. Our strategy is based on the preparation of paramagnetic analogs of KU-596, an investigational new drug that is currently undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of neuropathy and interacts with the Hsp90 C-terminal domain. In particular, we report the design and synthesis of three novel paramagnetic analogs of KU-596, which will be used to obtain long range distances for NMR structural studies of Hsp90 in complex with C-terminal ligands.
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19
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Vykuntham NG, Suran S, Siripini S, John S, Kumar P, Paithankar K, Amere Subbarao S. Altered molecular pathways decides the treatment outcome of Hsp90 inhibitors against breast cancer cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104828. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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20
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Kanugovi AV, Joseph C, Siripini S, Paithankar K, Amere SS. Compromising the constitutive p16
INK4a
expression sensitizes human neuroblastoma cells to Hsp90 inhibition and promotes premature senescence. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:2770-2781. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chitra Joseph
- Presently at Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesMacquarie University Sydney Australia
| | - Satish Siripini
- CSIR‐Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology Hyderabad Telangana India
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21
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Combination of Anti-Cancer Drugs with Molecular Chaperone Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215284. [PMID: 31652993 PMCID: PMC6862641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Most molecular chaperones belonging to heat shock protein (HSP) families are known to protect cancer cells from pathologic, environmental and pharmacological stress factors and thereby can hamper anti-cancer therapies. In this review, we present data on inhibitors of the heat shock response (particularly mediated by the chaperones HSP90, HSP70, and HSP27) either as a single treatment or in combination with currently available anti-cancer therapeutic approaches. An overview of the current literature reveals that the co-administration of chaperone inhibitors and targeting drugs results in proteotoxic stress and violates the tumor cell physiology. An optimal drug combination should simultaneously target cytoprotective mechanisms and trigger the imbalance of the tumor cell physiology.
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22
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Galigniana MD. HSP90-Based Heterocomplex as Essential Regulator for Cancer Disease. HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS 2019:19-45. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23158-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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23
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Shevtsov M, Multhoff G. Therapeutic Implications of Heat Shock Proteins in Cancer. HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-02254-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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24
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Dahiya V, Buchner J. Functional principles and regulation of molecular chaperones. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2018; 114:1-60. [PMID: 30635079 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To be able to perform their biological function, a protein needs to be correctly folded into its three dimensional structure. The protein folding process is spontaneous and does not require the input of energy. However, in the crowded cellular environment where there is high risk of inter-molecular interactions that may lead to protein molecules sticking to each other, hence forming aggregates, protein folding is assisted. Cells have evolved robust machinery called molecular chaperones to deal with the protein folding problem and to maintain proteins in their functional state. Molecular chaperones promote efficient folding of newly synthesized proteins, prevent their aggregation and ensure protein homeostasis in cells. There are different classes of molecular chaperones functioning in a complex interplay. In this review, we discuss the principal characteristics of different classes of molecular chaperones, their structure-function relationships, their mode of regulation and their involvement in human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Dahiya
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM at the Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Johannes Buchner
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM at the Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany.
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25
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Wang Q, Zhao X, Zhang Z, Zhao H, Huang D, Cheng G, Yang Y. Proteomic analysis of physiological function response to hot summer in liver from lactating dairy cows. J Therm Biol 2017; 65:82-87. [PMID: 28343581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lactation performance of dairy cattle is susceptible to heat stress. The liver is one of the most crucial organs affected by high temperature in dairy cows. However, the physiological adaption by the liver to hot summer conditions has not been well elucidated in lactating dairy cows. In the present study, proteomic analysis of the liver in dairy cows in spring and hot summer was performed using a label-free method. In total, 127 differentially expressed proteins were identified; most of the upregulated proteins were involved in protein metabolic processes and responses to stimuli, whereas most of the downregulated proteins were related to oxidation-reduction. Pathway analysis indicated that 3 upregulated heat stress proteins (HSP90α, HSP90β, and endoplasmin) were enriched in the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, whereas several downregulated NADH dehydrogenase proteins were involved in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. The protein-protein interaction network indicated that several upregulated HSPs (HSP90α, HSP90β, and GRP78) were involved in more interactions than other proteins and were thus considered as central hub nodes. Our findings provide novel insights into the physiological adaption of liver function in lactating dairy cows to natural high temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangjun Wang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhao
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Zijun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Huiling Zhao
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Dongwei Huang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Guanglong Cheng
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yongxin Yang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
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26
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Mouradian M, Ma IV, Vicente ED, Kikawa KD, Pardini RS. Docosahexaenoic Acid-mediated Inhibition of Heat Shock Protein 90-p23 Chaperone Complex and Downstream Client Proteins in Lung and Breast Cancer. Nutr Cancer 2016; 69:92-104. [PMID: 27880046 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1247886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The molecular chaperone, heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), is a critical regulator for the proper folding and stabilization of several client proteins, and is a major contributor to carcinogenesis. Specific Hsp90 inhibitors have been designed to target the ATP-binding site in order to prevent Hsp90 chaperone maturation. The current study investigated the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22:6 n-3) on Hsp90 function and downstream client protein expression. In vitro analyses of BT-474 human breast carcinoma and A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines revealed dose-dependent decreases in intracellular ATP levels by DHA treatment, resulting in a significant reduction of Hsp90 and p23 association in both cell lines. Attenuation of the Hsp90-p23 complex led to the inhibition of Hsp90 client proteins, epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). Similar results were observed when employing 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG), confirming that DHA and 2-DG, both independently and combined, can disturb Hsp90 molecular chaperone function. In vivo A549 xenograft analysis also demonstrated decreased expression levels of Hsp90-p23 association and diminished protein levels of ErbB2 and HIF-1α in mice supplemented with dietary DHA. These data support a role for dietary intervention to improve cancer therapy in tumors overexpressing Hsp90 and its client proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mouradian
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nevada , Reno , NV , USA
| | - Irvin V Ma
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nevada , Reno , NV , USA
| | - Erika D Vicente
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nevada , Reno , NV , USA
| | - Keith D Kikawa
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nevada , Reno , NV , USA
| | - Ronald S Pardini
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nevada , Reno , NV , USA
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27
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Pan XY, Zhao W, Wang CY, Lin J, Zeng XY, Ren RX, Wang K, Xun TR, Shai Y, Liu SW. Heat Shock Protein 90 Facilitates Latent HIV Reactivation through Maintaining the Function of Positive Transcriptional Elongation Factor b (p-TEFb) under Proteasome Inhibition. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:26177-26187. [PMID: 27799305 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.743906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The persistence of HIV in resting memory CD4+ T cells at a latent state is considered as the major barrier on the path to achieve a cure for HIV. Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) were previously reported as latency reversing agents (LRAs) but the mechanism underlying this function is yet unclear. Here we demonstrate that PIs reactivate latent HIV ex vivo without global T cell activation, and may facilitate host innate immune responses. Mechanistically, latent HIV reactivation induced by PIs is mediated by heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) via the recruitment of the heat shock protein (HSP) 90-positive transcriptional elongation factor b (p-TEFb) complex. Specifically, HSP90 downstream HSF1 gives positive feedback to the reactivation process through binding to cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) and preventing it from undergoing degradation by the proteasome. Overall, these findings suggest proteasome inhibitors as potential latency reversing agents. In addition, HSF1/HSP90 involved in HIV transcription elongation, may serve as therapeutic targets in HIV eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Pan
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Yan Wang
- the Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Lin
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Zeng
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ru-Xia Ren
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Keng Wang
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian-Rong Xun
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yechiel Shai
- the Department of Biochemistry, Weizmann Science Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel, and
| | - Shu-Wen Liu
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China, .,the State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
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Baby ST, Sharma S, Enaganti S, Cherian PR. Molecular docking and pharmacophore studies of heterocyclic compounds as Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) Inhibitors. Bioinformation 2016; 12:149-155. [PMID: 28232775 PMCID: PMC5289218 DOI: 10.6026/97320630012149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat Shock Protein 90 was a key molecular chaperone involved in the proteome stability maintenance and its interference in many signaling networks associated with cancer progression, makes it of an important target for cancer therapeutics. The present study aimed to identify potential lead molecule among the selected heterocyclic compounds against Human Hsp90 (PDB: 1YET) through docking using GOLD 3.1 and pharmacophore studies using Discovery studio 2.1. On the basis of the GOLD Fitness scores, the compounds Q1G and T21 showed better binding affinity. Further the analyzed structure pharmacophore results are in consistence with the docking results indicating that both these compounds show antagonistic activity towards HSP90 respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suby T Baby
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jodhpur National
University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342003, India
| | - Shailendra Sharma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jodhpur National
University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342003, India
| | - Sreenivas Enaganti
- Bioinformatics division, Averin biotech, Nallakunta,
Hyderabad, Telangana 500044, India
| | - P. Roby Cherian
- Jazan University, P.O.Box 114, Jazan 45142, Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia
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Cherfaoui B, Guo TK, Sun HP, Cheng WL, Liu F, Jiang F, Xu XL, You QD. Synthesis and evaluation of 4-(2-hydroxypropyl)piperazin-1-yl) derivatives as Hsp90 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:2423-2432. [PMID: 27134115 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported 4-(3-((6-bromonaphthalen-2-yl)oxy)-2-hydroxypropyl)-N,N-dimethylpiperazine-1-sulfonamide (1) as a novel heat shock protein 90 inhibitor with moderate activity. In our ongoing efforts for the discovery of Hsp90 modulators we undertake structural investigations on 1. Series of the titled compound were designed, synthesized and evaluated. We have found that compounds with a hydroxyl group at C-4 of the aryl ring on the piperazine moiety possess Hsp90 inhibition properties. Compound 6f with improved activity could be further developed and optimized as Hsp90 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahidja Cherfaoui
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tian-Kun Guo
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hao-Peng Sun
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei-Lin Cheng
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fen Jiang
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao-Li Xu
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Qi-Dong You
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Lumbera WML, Dela Cruz J, Yang SH, Hwang SG. Heat Shock Protein Augmentation of Angelica gigas Nakai Root Hot Water Extract on Adipogenic Differentiation in Murine 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2016; 29:419-27. [PMID: 26950875 PMCID: PMC4811795 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
There is a high association of heat shock on the alteration of energy and lipid metabolism. The alterations associated with thermal stress are composed of gene expression changes and adaptation through biochemical responses. Previous study showed that Angelica gigas Nakai (AGN) root extract promoted adipogenic differentiation in murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes under the normal temperature condition. However, its effect in heat shocked 3T3-L1 cells has not been established. In this study, we investigated the effect of AGN root hot water extract in the adipogenic differentiation of murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes following heat shock and its possible mechanism of action. Thermal stress procedure was executed within the same stage of preadipocyte confluence (G0) through incubation at 42°C for one hour and then allowed to recover at normal incubation temperature of 37°C for another hour before AGN treatment for both cell viability assay and Oil Red O. Cell viability assay showed that AGN was able to dose dependently (0 to 400 μg/mL) increase cell proliferation under normal incubation temperature and also was able to prevent cytotoxicity due to heat shock accompanied by cell proliferation. Confluent preadipocytes were subjected into heat shock procedure, recovery and then AGN treatment prior to stimulation with the differentiation solution. Heat shocked preadipocytes exhibited reduced differentiation as supported by decreased amount of lipid accumulation in Oil Red O staining and triglyceride measurement. However, those heat shocked preadipocytes that then were given AGN extract showed a dose dependent increase in lipid accumulation as shown by both evaluation procedures. In line with these results, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis showed that AGN increased adipogenic differentiation by upregulating heat shock protection related genes and proteins together with the adipogenic markers. These findings imply the potential of AGN in heat shock amelioration among 3T3-L1 preadipocytes through heat shock factor and proteins augmentation and enhanced adipogenic marker expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Dela Cruz
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Banos, 4030, Philippines
| | - Seung-Hak Yang
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Seong Gu Hwang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Banos, 4030, Philippines
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Abstract
The 90-kDa heat-shock protein (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone responsible for the stability and function of a wide variety of client proteins that are critical for cell growth and survival. Many of these client proteins are frequently mutated and/or overexpressed in cancer cells and are therefore being actively pursued as individual therapeutic targets. Consequently, Hsp90 inhibition offers a promising strategy for simultaneous degradation of several anticancer targets. Currently, most Hsp90 inhibitors under clinical evaluation act by blocking the binding of ATP to the Hsp90 N-terminal domain and thereby, induce the degradation of many Hsp90-dependent oncoproteins. Although, they have shown some promising initial results, clinical challenges such as induction of the heat-shock response, retinopathy, and gastrointestinal tract toxicity are emerging from human trials, which constantly raise concerns about the future development of these inhibitors. Novobiocin derivatives, which do not bind the chaperone's N-terminal ATPase pocket, have emerged over the past decade as an alternative strategy to inhibit Hsp90, but to date, no derivative has been investigated in the clinical setting. In recent years, a number of natural or synthetic compounds have been identified that modulate Hsp90 function via various mechanisms. These compounds not only offer new chemotypes for the development of future Hsp90 inhibitors but can also serve as chemical probes to unravel the biology of Hsp90. This chapter presents a synopsis of inhibitors that directly, allosterically, or even indirectly alters Hsp90 function, and highlights their proposed mechanisms of action.
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Sun Y, Xiao S, Chen J, Wang M, Zheng Z, Song S, Zhang L. Heat shock protein 90 mediates the apoptosis and autophage in nicotinic-mycoepoxydiene-treated HeLa cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2015; 47:451-8. [PMID: 25948110 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a fascinating target for cancer therapy due to its significant role in the crossroad of multiple signaling pathways associated with cell proliferation and regulation. Hsp90 inhibitors have the potential to be developed into anti-cancer drugs. Here, we identified nicotinic-mycoepoxydiene (NMD), a structurally novel compound as Hsp90 inhibitor to perform the anti-tumor activity. The compound selectively bound to the Hsp90 N-terminal domain, and degraded the Hsp90 client protein Akt. The degradation of Akt detained Bad in non-phosphorylation form. NMD-associated apoptosis was characterized by the formation of fragmented nuclei, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, cytochrome c release, caspase-3 activation, and the increased proportion of sub-G1 phase cells. Interestingly, the apoptosis was accompanied with autophagy, by exhibiting the increased expression of LC-3 and the decrease of lysosome pH value. Our findings provide a novel cellular mechanism by which Hsp90 inhibitor adjusts cell apoptosis and autophagy in vitro, suggesting that NMD not only has a potential to be developed into a novel anti-tumor pharmaceutical, but also exhibits a new mechanism in regulating cancer cell apoptosis and autophagy via Hsp90 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Sun
- Key Laboratory for Cell Stress, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shuyan Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Cell Stress, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Key Laboratory for Cell Stress, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Cell Stress, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhonghui Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Cell Stress, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Siyang Song
- Key Laboratory for Cell Stress, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Lianru Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Cell Stress, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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Zhu JQ, Ou WB. Therapeutic targets in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. World J Transl Med 2015; 4:25-37. [DOI: 10.5528/wjtm.v4.i1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Revised: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common type of mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. The tumorigenesis of GISTs is driven by gain-of-function mutations in KIT or platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRA), resulting in constitutive activation of the tyrosine kinase and its downstream signaling pathways. Oncogenic KIT or PDGFRA mutations are compelling therapeutic targets for the treatment of GISTs, and the KIT/PDGFRA inhibitor imatinib is the standard of care for patients with metastatic GISTs. However, most GIST patients develop clinical resistance to imatinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Five mechanisms of resistance have been characterized: (1) acquisition of a secondary point mutation in KIT or PDGFRA; (2) genomic amplification of KIT; (3) activation of an alternative receptor tyrosine kinase; (4) loss of KIT oncoprotein expression; and (5) wild-type GIST. Currently, sunitinib is used as a second-line treatment for patients after imatinib failure, and regorafenib has been approved for patients whose disease is progressing on both imatinib and sunitinib. Phase II/III trials are currently in progress to evaluate novel inhibitors and immunotherapies targeting KIT, its downstream effectors such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, protein kinase B and mammalian target of rapamycin, heat shock protein 90, and histone deacetylase inhibitor. Other candidate targets have been identified, including ETV1, AXL, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, KRAS, FAS receptor, protein kinase c theta, ANO1 (DOG1), CDC37, and aurora kinase A. These candidates warrant clinical evaluation as novel therapeutic targets in GIST.
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Misa-Agustiño MJ, Jorge-Mora T, Jorge-Barreiro FJ, Suarez-Quintanilla J, Moreno-Piquero E, Ares-Pena FJ, López-Martín E. Exposure to non-ionizing radiation provokes changes in rat thyroid morphology and expression of HSP-90. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:1123-35. [PMID: 25649190 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214567611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-ionizing radiation at 2.45 GHz may modify the morphology and expression of genes that codify heat shock proteins (HSP) in the thyroid gland. Diathermy is the therapeutic application of non-ionizing radiation to humans for its beneficial effects in rheumatological and musculo-skeletal pain processes. We used a diathermy model on laboratory rats subjected to maximum exposure in the left front leg, in order to study the effects of radiation on the nearby thyroid tissue. Fifty-six rats were individually exposed once or repeatedly (10 times in two weeks) for 30 min to 2.45 GHz radiation in a commercial chamber at different non-thermal specific absorption rates (SARs), which were calculated using the finite difference time domain technique. We used immunohistochemistry methods to study the expression of HSP-90 and morphological changes in thyroid gland tissues. Ninety minutes after radiation with the highest SAR, the central and peripheral follicles presented increased size and the thickness of the peripheral septa had decreased. Twenty-four hours after radiation, only peripheral follicles radiated at 12 W were found to be smaller. Peripheral follicles increased in size with repeated exposure at 3 W power. Morphological changes in the thyroid tissue may indicate a glandular response to acute or repeated stress from radiation in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. Further research is needed to determine if the effect of this physical agent over time may cause disease in the human thyroid gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Misa-Agustiño
- Morphological Sciences Department, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Teresa Jorge-Mora
- Morphological Sciences Department, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco J Jorge-Barreiro
- Morphological Sciences Department, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan Suarez-Quintanilla
- Morphological Sciences Department, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eduardo Moreno-Piquero
- Applied Physics Department, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco J Ares-Pena
- Applied Physics Department, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Elena López-Martín
- Morphological Sciences Department, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Leung AM, Redlak MJ, Miller TA. Role of heat shock proteins in oxygen radical-induced gastric apoptosis. J Surg Res 2014; 193:135-44. [PMID: 25145901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their resultant oxidative damage is a common pathway for gastric mucosal injury. Developing strategies to protect the gastric epithelium against oxygen free radical damage is of profound pathophysiological interest. We have previously shown caspase-mediated apoptosis as a major cause of ROS-induced cell death in gastric mucosa. Because heat shock proteins (Hsps) confer protection against many cytotoxic agents, this study was undertaken to determine whether modulation of Hsps was protective against oxidative damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS AGS cells (human gastric mucosal cell line) received either no pretreatment, heat shock pretreatment (1 h at 42 ± 1°C), or pretreatment with an Hsp modulating drug (geldanamycin or quercetin). Cells were then exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a representative ROS (1 mM, a physiologically relevant concentration), for 24 h. Caspase-3 activation and Poly ADP Ribose Polymerase (PARP) inactivation, as well as DNA-histone complex formation were used as measures of apoptosis. Inducible Hsps (Hsp70 and Hsp90) were detected using Western blot analysis. RESULTS Results showed heat shock pretreatment induced increased expression of Hsp70 without change in Hsp90. In response to H2O2 exposure alone, there was significant increase in DNA-histone complex formation as well as caspase-3 activation and PARP cleavage in gastric epithelium. Heat shock pretreatment resulted in statistically significant prevention in these measures of apoptosis. Geldanamycin increased Hsp70, but elicited cleavage of Hsp90 and subsequently resulted in an increase in H2O2-induced apoptosis. Quercetin decreased Hsp70 and resulted again in increased H2O2-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that heat shock pretreatment protects gastric mucosal cells against H2O2-induced apoptosis and that Hsp70 and Hsp90 may play key roles in this process. These results further suggest that perturbations in Hsp metabolism may induce mucosal injury in response to oxygen free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Leung
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Maria J Redlak
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Thomas A Miller
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
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Fuxreiter M, Tóth-Petróczy Á, Kraut DA, Matouschek AT, Lim RYH, Xue B, Kurgan L, Uversky VN. Disordered proteinaceous machines. Chem Rev 2014; 114:6806-43. [PMID: 24702702 PMCID: PMC4350607 DOI: 10.1021/cr4007329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Fuxreiter
- MTA-DE
Momentum Laboratory of Protein Dynamics, Department of Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Tóth-Petróczy
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Daniel A. Kraut
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 East Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Andreas T. Matouschek
- Section
of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Institute for Cellular &
Molecular Biology, The University of Texas
at Austin, 2506 Speedway, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Roderick Y. H. Lim
- Biozentrum
and the Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University
of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse
70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bin Xue
- Department of Cell Biology,
Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College
of Fine Arts and Sciences, and Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health
Byrd Alzheimer’s Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - Lukasz Kurgan
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Cell Biology,
Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College
of Fine Arts and Sciences, and Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health
Byrd Alzheimer’s Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
- Institute
for Biological Instrumentation, Russian
Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region 119991, Russia
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Zanphorlin LM, Alves FR, Ramos CHI. The effect of celastrol, a triterpene with antitumorigenic activity, on conformational and functional aspects of the human 90kDa heat shock protein Hsp90α, a chaperone implicated in the stabilization of the tumor phenotype. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:3145-52. [PMID: 24954307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone essential for cell viability in eukaryotes that is associated with the maturation of proteins involved in important cell functions and implicated in the stabilization of the tumor phenotype of various cancers, making this chaperone a notably interesting therapeutic target. Celastrol is a plant-derived pentacyclic triterpenoid compound with potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities; however, celastrol's action mode is still elusive. RESULTS In this work, we investigated the effect of celastrol on the conformational and functional aspects of Hsp90α. Interestingly, celastrol appeared to target Hsp90α directly as the compound induced the oligomerization of the chaperone via the C-terminal domain as demonstrated by experiments using a deletion mutant. The nature of the oligomers was investigated by biophysical tools demonstrating that a two-fold excess of celastrol induced the formation of a decameric Hsp90α bound throughout the C-terminal domain. When bound, celastrol destabilized the C-terminal domain. Surprisingly, standard chaperone functional investigations demonstrated that neither the in vitro chaperone activity of protecting against aggregation nor the ability to bind a TPR co-chaperone, which binds to the C-terminus of Hsp90α, were affected by celastrol. CONCLUSION Celastrol interferes with specific biological functions of Hsp90α. Our results suggest a model in which celastrol binds directly to the C-terminal domain of Hsp90α causing oligomerization. However, the ability to protect against protein aggregation (supported by our results) and to bind to TPR co-chaperones are not affected by celastrol. Therefore celastrol may act primarily by inducing specific oligomerization that affects some, but not all, of the functions of Hsp90α. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first work to use multiple probes to investigate the effect that celastrol has on the stability and oligomerization of Hsp90α and on the binding of this chaperone to Tom70. This work provides a novel mechanism by which celastrol binds Hsp90α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia M Zanphorlin
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R Alves
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos H I Ramos
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Roesslein M, Froehlich C, Jans F, Piegeler T, Goebel U, Loop T. Dobutamine mediates cytoprotection by induction of heat shock protein 70 in vitro. Life Sci 2014; 98:88-95. [PMID: 24447628 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Dobutamine is cytoprotective when applied before a subsequent stress. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is unknown. Dobutamine also inhibits nuclear factor (NF)-κB in human T lymphocytes. Other inhibitors of NF-κB induce a so-called heat shock response. We hypothesized that dobutamine mediates protection from apoptotic cell death by the induction of a heat shock response. MAIN METHODS Jurkat T lymphoma cells were preincubated with dobutamine (0.1, 0.5 mM) before the induction of apoptosis (staurosporine, 2 μM). DNA-binding of heat shock factor (HSF)-1 was analyzed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, mRNA-expression of heat shock protein (hsp)70 and hsp90 by Northern Blot, activity of caspase-3 by fluorogenic caspase activity assay and cleavage of pro-caspase-3 by Western Blot. Apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry after annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate staining. Hsp70 and hsp90 were inhibited using N-formyl-3,4-methylenedioxy-benzylidene-gamma-butyrolaetam and 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldana-mycin, respectively. All data are given as median and 25/75% percentile. KEY FINDINGS Pre-incubation with dobutamine inhibited staurosporine-induced annexin V-fluorescence (28 [20-32] % vs. 12 [9-15] % for dobutamine 0.1 mM and 7 [5-12] % for dobutamine 0.5 mM, p<0.001), cleavage of pro-caspase-3 as well as caspase-3-like activity (0.46 [0.40-0.48] vs. 0.32 [0.27-0.39] for Dobutamine 0.1 mM and 0.20 [0.19-0.23] for Dobutamine 0.5 mM, p<0.01). Dobutamine induced DNA-binding of HSF-1 and mRNA-expression of hsp70 and hsp90. While inhibition of Hsp90 had no effect, inhibition of Hsp70 increased the number of annexin V-positive cells (33 [32-36] % vs. 18 [16-24] %) and caspase-3-like activity (0.21 [0.19-0.23] vs. 0.16 [0.13-0.17], p<0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Dobutamine protects from apoptotic cell death via the induction of Hsp70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Roesslein
- Dept. of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Christian Froehlich
- Dept. of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jans
- Dept. of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk and Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tobias Piegeler
- Institute of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Dept. of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - Ulrich Goebel
- Dept. of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Loop
- Dept. of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- I Cuaranta-Monroy
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - L Nagy
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Debrecen, Hungary
- MTA-DE ‘Lendulet' Immunogenomics Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
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40
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Abstract
Hsp90 is a major molecular chaperone that is expressed abundantly and plays a pivotal role in assisting correct folding and functionality of its client proteins in cells. The Hsp90 client proteins include a wide variety of signal transducing molecules such as protein kinases and steroid hormone receptors. Cancer is a complex disease, but most types of human cancer share common hallmarks, including self-sufficiency in growth signals, insensitivity to growth-inhibitory mechanism, evasion of programmed cell death, limitless replicative potential, sustained angiogenesis, and tissue invasion and metastasis. A surprisingly large number of Hsp90-client proteins play crucial roles in establishing cancer cell hallmarks. We start the review by describing the structure and function of Hsp90 since conformational changes during the ATPase cycle of Hsp90 are closely related to its function. Many co-chaperones, including Hop, p23, Cdc37, Aha1, and PP5, work together with Hsp90 by modulating the chaperone machinery. Post-translational modifications of Hsp90 and its cochaperones are vital for their function. Many tumor-related Hsp90-client proteins, including signaling kinases, steroid hormone receptors, p53, and telomerase, are described. Hsp90 and its co-chaperones are required for the function of these tumor-promoting client proteins; therefore, inhibition of Hsp90 by specific inhibitors such as geldanamycin and its derivatives attenuates the tumor progression. Hsp90 inhibitors can be potential and effective cancer chemotherapeutic drugs with a unique profile and have been examined in clinical trials. We describe possible mechanisms why Hsp90 inhibitors show selectivity to cancer cells even though Hsp90 is essential also for normal cells. Finally, we discuss the "Hsp90-addiction" of cancer cells, and suggest a role for Hsp90 in tumor evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Miyata
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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Miyata Y, Nakamoto H, Neckers L. The therapeutic target Hsp90 and cancer hallmarks. Curr Pharm Des 2013; 19:347-65. [PMID: 22920906 DOI: 10.2174/138161213804143725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Hsp90 is a major molecular chaperone that is expressed abundantly and plays a pivotal role in assisting correct folding and functionality of its client proteins in cells. The Hsp90 client proteins include a wide variety of signal transducing molecules such as protein kinases and steroid hormone receptors. Cancer is a complex disease, but most types of human cancer share common hallmarks, including self-sufficiency in growth signals, insensitivity to growth-inhibitory mechanism, evasion of programmed cell death, limitless replicative potential, sustained angiogenesis, and tissue invasion and metastasis. A surprisingly large number of Hsp90-client proteins play crucial roles in establishing cancer cell hallmarks. We start the review by describing the structure and function of Hsp90 since conformational changes during the ATPase cycle of Hsp90 are closely related to its function. Many co-chaperones, including Hop, p23, Cdc37, Aha1, and PP5, work together with Hsp90 by modulating the chaperone machinery. Post-translational modifications of Hsp90 and its cochaperones are vital for their function. Many tumor-related Hsp90-client proteins, including signaling kinases, steroid hormone receptors, p53, and telomerase, are described. Hsp90 and its co-chaperones are required for the function of these tumor-promoting client proteins; therefore, inhibition of Hsp90 by specific inhibitors such as geldanamycin and its derivatives attenuates the tumor progression. Hsp90 inhibitors can be potential and effective cancer chemotherapeutic drugs with a unique profile and have been examined in clinical trials. We describe possible mechanisms why Hsp90 inhibitors show selectivity to cancer cells even though Hsp90 is essential also for normal cells. Finally, we discuss the "Hsp90-addiction" of cancer cells, and suggest a role for Hsp90 in tumor evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Miyata
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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Chen CYC, Chen GW, Chen WYC. Molecular Simulation of HER2/neu Degradation by Inhibiting HSP90. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200800044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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43
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High-fat diet alters protein composition of detergent-resistant membrane microdomains. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 354:771-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1697-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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LIN YICHIEN, TSAI JUIYING, YANG JAISING, LEE YUEHHSUAN, HAMEL ERNEST, LEE KUOHSIUNG, KUO SHENGCHU, HUANG LIJIAU. The novel synthetic compound 6-acetyl-9-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole induces mitotic arrest and apoptosis in human COLO 205 cells. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:1596-606. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Kumar JU, Shankaraiah G, Kumar RSC, Pitke VV, Rao GT, Poornima B, Babu KS, Sreedhar AS. Synthesis, anticancer, and antibacterial activities of piplartine derivatives on cell cycle regulation and growth inhibition. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2013; 15:658-69. [PMID: 23668860 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2013.769965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of piplartine derivatives were synthesized via Baylis-Hillman reaction and evaluated for anticancer and antibacterial activities. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was examined in two different human tumor cell lines, IMR-32 and HeLa. The antibacterial activity was examined in Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results showed that compounds 2b, 2e, and 2j were found to be the most active compounds, which displayed line no cytotoxicity, but G2-M cell cycle arrest in tumor cells, and showed cytostatic effects in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ujwal Kumar
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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Chu SH, Liu YW, Zhang L, Liu B, Li L, Shi JZ, Li L. Regulation of survival and chemoresistance by HSP90AA1 in ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 40:1-6. [PMID: 23135731 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1930-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous researches have showed that HSP90AA is important in ovarian cancer, but the mechanism of HSP90AA is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of the potential therapy target protein HSP90AA1 in ovarian cancer. The level of HSP90AA1 in ovarian cancer SKOV3 cell line was altered by RNAi and overexpression. Survival of these cell lines was investigated by tetrazolium-based assay and fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS). The chemosensitivity to cisplatin of the cell was also tested by FACS when HSP90AA1 was overexpressed. HSP90AA1 RNAi inhibited the proliferation of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cell line and increased the apoptosis. Furthermore, overexpression of HSP90AA1 decreased the chemosensitivity to cisplatin of SKOV3 cells and overexpression of HSP90AA1 could partially rescue the survival rate of SKOV3 cells which were treated with cisplatin. HSP90AA1 is required for the survival and proliferation of SKOV3 cells. High level of HSP90AA1 can increase chemoresistance to cisplatin of SKOV3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hua Chu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region, No. 212 Da-Guan Road, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
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Sarangi U, Paithankar KR, Kumar JU, Subramaniam V, Sreedhar AS. 17AAG Treatment Accelerates Doxorubicin Induced Cellular Senescence: Hsp90 Interferes with Enforced Senescence of Tumor Cells. Drug Target Insights 2012; 6:19-39. [PMID: 22915839 PMCID: PMC3422084 DOI: 10.4137/dti.s9943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hsp90 chaperone has been identified as an attractive pharmacological target to combat cancer. However, some metastatic tumors either fail to respond to Hsp90 inhibition or show recovery necessitating irreversible therapeutic strategies. In response to this enforced senescence has been proposed as an alternate strategy. Here, we demonstrate that inhibiting Hsp90 with 17AAG sensitizes human neuroblastoma to DNA damage response mediated cellular senescence. Among individual and combination drug treatments, 17AAG pre-treatment followed by doxorubicin treatment exhibited senescence-like characteristics such as increased nucleus to cytoplasm ratio, cell cycle arrest, SA-β-gal staining and the perpetual increase in SAHF. Doxorubicin induced senescence signaling was mediated by p53-p21(CIP/WAF-1) and was accelerated in the absence of functional Hsp90. Sustained p16(INK4a) and H3K4me3 expressions correlating with unaffected telomerase activation annulled replicative senescence and appraised stress induced senescence. Despite increases in [(ROS)i] and [(Ca(2+))i], a concomitant increase in cellular antioxidant defense system suggested oxidation independent senescence activation. Sustained activation of survival (Akt) and proliferative (ERK1/2) kinases fosters robustness of cells. Invigorating senescent cells with growth factor or snooping with mTOR or PI3 kinase inhibitors compromised cell survival but not senescence. Intriguingly, senescence-associated secretory factors from the senescence cells manifested established senescence in neuroblastoma, which offers clinical advantage to our approach. Our study discusses tumor selective functions of Hsp90 and discusses irrefutable strategies of Hsp90 inhibition in anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Sarangi
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Khande Rao Paithankar
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Jonnala Ujwal Kumar
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vaidyanathan Subramaniam
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Amere Subbarao Sreedhar
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Sarkar S, Dutta D, Samanta SK, Bhattacharya K, Pal BC, Li J, Datta K, Mandal C, Mandal C. Oxidative inhibition of Hsp90 disrupts the super-chaperone complex and attenuates pancreatic adenocarcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Int J Cancer 2012; 132:695-706. [PMID: 22729780 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is almost always fatal, in part because of its delayed diagnosis, poor prognosis, rapid progression and chemoresistance. Oncogenic proteins are stabilized by the Hsp90, making it a potential therapeutic target. We investigated the oxidative stress-mediated dysfunction of Hsp90 and the hindrance of its chaperonic activity by a carbazole alkaloid, mahanine, as a strategic therapeutic in pancreatic cancer. Mahanine exhibited antiproliferative activity against several pancreatic cancer cell lines through apoptosis. It induced early accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to thiol oxidation, aggregation and dysfunction of Hsp90 in MIAPaCa-2. N-acetyl-L-cysteine prevented mahanine-induced ROS accumulation, aggregation of Hsp90, degradation of client proteins and cell death. Mahanine disrupted Hsp90-Cdc37 complex in MIAPaCa-2 as a consequence of ROS generation. Client proteins were restored by MG132, suggesting a possible role of ubiquitinylated protein degradation pathway. Surface plasmon resonance study demonstrated that the rate of interaction of mahanine with recombinant Hsp90 is in the range of seconds. Molecular dynamics simulation showed its weak interactions with Hsp90. However, no disruption of the Hsp90-Cdc37 complex was observed at an early time point, thus ruling out that mahanine directly disrupts the complex. It did not impede the ATP binding pocket of Hsp90. Mahanine also reduced in vitro migration and tube formation in cancer cells. Further, it inhibited orthotopic pancreatic tumor growth in nude mice. Taken together, these results provide evidence for mahanine-induced ROS-mediated destabilization of Hsp90 chaperone activity resulting in Hsp90-Cdc37 disruption leading to apoptosis, suggesting its potential as a specific target in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantani Sarkar
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
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Abstract
A strict physiological balance between endogenous proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors controls endothelial cell functions, such that endothelial cell growth is normally restrained. However, in pathologic angiogenesis, a shift occurs in the balance of regulators, favoring endothelial growth. Much of the control of angiogenic events is instigated through hypoxia-induced VEGF expression. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a central role in fine-tuning the functions of core proangiogenic proteins, including VEGF, VEGFR-2, angiogenic signaling proteins (e.g., the PLCγ1 and PI3 kinase/AKT pathways), and other non-VEGF angiogenic pathways. The emerging mechanisms by which ubiquitin modification of angiogenic proteins control angiogenesis involve both proteolytic and nonproteolytic functions. Here, I review recent advances that link the UPS to regulation of angiogenesis and highlight the potential therapeutic value of the UPS in angiogenesis-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Rahimi
- Department of Pathology, Boston University Medical Campus, 670 Albany St., Room 510, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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Wei H, Xu L, Yu M, Zhang L, Wang H, Wei X, Ruan Y. Monocillin II Inhibits Human Breast Cancer Growth Partially by Inhibiting MAPK Pathways and CDK2 Thr160 Phosphorylation. Chembiochem 2012; 13:465-75. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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