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Han L, Lu SN, Nishimura T, Kobayashi K. Regulatory roles of dopamine D2 receptor in milk protein production and apoptosis in mammary epithelial cells. Exp Cell Res 2024; 439:114090. [PMID: 38740167 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs) play crucial roles in regulating diverse physiological functions of the central nervous system and peripheral organs. D2Rs are also expressed in mammary glands. However, which cell types express D2Rs and whether they are involved in milk production remains unclear. The present findings revealed that D2Rs are expressed in the apical regions of the lateral membranes of mammary epithelial cells (MECs) in lactating mice. We also investigated the effects of the D2R agonist bromocriptine and/or antagonist domperidone on intracellular cAMP levels, milk protein production, and apoptosis in a lactation culture model of MECs that produce major milk components like lactating MECs in vivo. We found that bromocriptine decreased intracellular cAMP levels, whereas domperidone dose-dependently neutralized this effect. Bromocriptine also inhibited casein and lactoferrin production and suppressed activities of STAT5 and glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). Domperidone neutralized the inhibition of casein production as well as STAT5 and GR inactivation induced by bromocriptine. Furthermore, D2R activation by bromocriptine induced apoptosis and inactivated ERK, a signaling molecule responsible for promoting cell proliferation and survival. Domperidone attenuated ERK inactivation and apoptosis induced by bromocriptine. These findings suggest that D2Rs play regulatory roles in milk protein production and apoptosis in MECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Han
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, North 9, West 9, 060-8589, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Shan-Ni Lu
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, North 9, West 9, 060-8589, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Takanori Nishimura
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, North 9, West 9, 060-8589, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Ken Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, North 9, West 9, 060-8589, Sapporo, Japan.
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Zhan Q, Kong F. Mechanisms associated with post-stroke depression and pharmacologic therapy. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1274709. [PMID: 38020612 PMCID: PMC10651767 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1274709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the most common cerebrovascular diseases, which is the cause of long-term mental illness and physical disability, Post-stroke depression (PSD) is the most common neuropsychiatric complication after stroke, and its mechanisms are characterized by complexity, plurality, and diversity, which seriously affects the quality of survival and prognosis of patients. Studies have focused on and recognized neurotransmitter-based mechanisms and selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can be used to treat PSD. Neuroinflammation, neuroendocrinology, neurotrophic factors, and the site of the stroke lesion may affect neurotransmitters. Thus the mechanisms of PSD have been increasingly studied. Pharmacological treatment mainly includes SSRIs, noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NaSSA), anti-inflammatory drugs, vitamin D, ect, which have been confirmed to have better efficacy by clinical studies. Currently, there is an increasing number of studies related to the mechanisms of PSD. However, the mechanisms and pharmacologic treatment of PSD is still unclear. In the future, in-depth research on the mechanisms and treatment of PSD is needed to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of clinical PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Zhan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Fanyi Kong
- Neurosurgery, Affiliated First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Zhang D, Ma J, Zheng X, Zhang Z, Lian X, Zhao X, Zhao X. Fabrication of a bioconjugated dual-functional SERS probe for facile compound screening and detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 234:115369. [PMID: 37163878 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an ultrasensitive technique for both detection and structural characterizations. To further exploit these advantages, we designed and fabricated a dual-functional SERS probe for specific capture and fast detection of small molecule ligands binding to target protein from a mixture of compounds such as extracts of natural products. As a proof of concept, we synthesized SiO2@Ag nanoclusters that are coated with 6-chlorohexanoic acid for covalent immobilization of serotonin transporter (5-HTT) fused with a Halo-tag through enzyme-substrate recognition. As such, we fabricated a bioconjugated SERS probe, and the synthesis, coating, protein immobilization, and affinity-based ligand binding have been characterized and verified by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and elemental mapping. By applying this probe to analyze Gardenia jasminoides extract, we have successfully identified crocin I as a compound binding to 5-HTT, which was further proved by using mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Taken together, we have developed a novel SERS probe by integrating the inherent strength of SERS in molecular analysis with an extended functionality of affinity-guided molecular capture, which has demonstrated the potential in drug screening of challenging systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Jing Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xinxin Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xiaojuan Lian
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xinfeng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
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Slavich GM, Mengelkoch S, Cole SW. Human social genomics: Concepts, mechanisms, and implications for health. Lifestyle Medicine 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/lim2.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- George M. Slavich
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Summer Mengelkoch
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Steven W. Cole
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences University of California Los Angeles California USA
- Department of Medicine University of California Los Angeles California USA
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Cai Y, Wang Z, Liao B, Sun Z, Zhu P. Anti-inflammatory and Chondroprotective Effects of Platelet-derived Growth Factor-BB on Osteoarthritis Rat Models. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:51-59. [PMID: 35640164 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and challenging joint disease that mainly affects the diarthrodial joints. Traditionally, except for surgery for severe cases, treatments for OA mainly focus on relieving pain and improving joint function. However, these treatments are not effective for cartilage repair and induce only symptomatic relief. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB, a member of the PDGF cytokine family, has been proved to have effects on protecting the chondrocytes via multiple mechanisms. In this study, we further focused on the effects of PDGF-BB on OA and found that PDGF-BB could attenuate OA development by inhibiting inflammation and enhancing cell proliferation via JAK2/STAT3, PI3K/AKT, and p38 signaling pathways and PKA-mediated regulation of SOX-9/RunX-2. This article demonstrates the feasibility of PDGF-BB application as a treatment for OA. This is the first article that reports that PDGF-BB attenuates OA development via PKA-mediated regulation of SOX-9 and RunX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengchao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bokai Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenxing Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China
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Fang C, Zhang Z, Xu H, Liu Y, Wang X, Yuan L, Xu Y, Zhu Z, Zhang A, Shao A, Lou M. Natural Products for the Treatment of Post-stroke Depression. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:918531. [PMID: 35712727 PMCID: PMC9196125 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.918531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is the most frequent and important neuropsychiatric consequence of stroke. It is strongly associated with exacerbated deterioration of functional recovery, physical and cognitive recoveries, and quality of life. However, its mechanism is remarkably complicated, including the neurotransmitters hypothesis (which consists of a monoaminergic hypothesis and glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity hypothesis), inflammation hypothesis, dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and neurotrophic hypothesis and neuroplasticity. So far, the underlying pathogenesis of PSD has not been clearly defined yet. At present, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been used as the first-line drugs to treat patients with PSD. Additionally, more than SSRIs, a majority of the current antidepressants complied with multiple side effects, which limits their clinical application. Currently, a wide variety of studies revealed the therapeutic potential of natural products in the management of several diseases, especially PSD, with minor side effects. Accordingly, in our present review, we aim to summarize the therapeutic targets of these compounds and their potential role in-clinic therapy for patients with PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyou Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Houshi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yibo Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanzhi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Anke Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Anke Zhang, ; Anwen Shao, ; Meiqing Lou,
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Anke Zhang, ; Anwen Shao, ; Meiqing Lou,
| | - Meiqing Lou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Anke Zhang, ; Anwen Shao, ; Meiqing Lou,
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Strickland BA, Ansari SA, Dantoft W, Uhlenhaut NH. How to tame your genes: mechanisms of inflammatory gene repression by glucocorticoids. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2596-2616. [PMID: 35612756 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used therapeutic agents to treat a broad range of inflammatory conditions. Their functional effects are elicited by binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which regulates transcription of distinct gene networks in response to ligand. However, the mechanisms governing various aspects of undesired side effects versus beneficial immunomodulation upon GR activation remain complex and incompletely understood. In this review, we discuss emerging models of inflammatory gene regulation by GR, highlighting GR's regulatory specificity conferred by context-dependent changes in chromatin architecture and transcription factor or co-regulator dynamics. GR controls both gene activation and repression, with the repression mechanism being central to favorable clinical outcomes. We describe current knowledge about 3D genome organization and its role in spatiotemporal transcriptional control by GR. Looking beyond, we summarize the evidence for dynamics in gene regulation by GR through cooperative convergence of epigenetic modifications, transcription factor crosstalk, molecular condensate formation and chromatin looping. Further characterizing these genomic events will reframe our understanding of mechanisms of transcriptional repression by GR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Strickland
- Metabolic Programming, Technische Universitaet Muenchen (TUM), School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, ZIEL - Institute for Food and Health, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Suhail A Ansari
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology (IDE), Helmholtz Center Munich (HMGU) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Widad Dantoft
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology (IDE), Helmholtz Center Munich (HMGU) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - N Henriette Uhlenhaut
- Metabolic Programming, Technische Universitaet Muenchen (TUM), School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, ZIEL - Institute for Food and Health, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, 85354, Freising, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology (IDE), Helmholtz Center Munich (HMGU) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
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Zefferino R, Di Gioia S, Conese M. Molecular links between endocrine, nervous and immune system during chronic stress. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e01960. [PMID: 33295155 PMCID: PMC7882157 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The stress response is different in various individuals, however, the mechanisms that could explain these distinct effects are not well known and the molecular correlates have been considered one at the time. Particular harmful conditions occur if the subject, instead to cope the stressful events, succumb to them, in this case, a cascade reaction happens that through different signaling causes a specific reaction named "sickness behaviour." The aim of this article is to review the complex relations among important molecules belonging to Central nervous system (CNS), immune system (IS), and endocrine system (ES) during the chronic stress response. METHODS After having verified the state of art concerning the function of cortisol, norepinephrine (NE), interleukin (IL)-1β and melatonin, we describe as they work together. RESULTS We propose a speculative hypothesis concerning the complex interplay of these signaling molecules during chronic stress, highlighting the role of IL-1β as main biomarker of this effects, indeed, during chronic stress its increment transforms this inflammatory signal into a nervous signal (NE), in turn, this uses the ES (melatonin and cortisol) to counterbalance again IL-1β. During cortisol resistance, a vicious loop occurs that increments all mediators, unbalancing IS, ES, and CNS networks. This IL-1β increase would occur above all when the individual succumbs to stressful events, showing the Sickness Behaviour Symptoms. IL-1β might, through melatonin and vice versa, determine sleep disorders too. CONCLUSION The molecular links here outlined could explain how stress plays a role in etiopathogenesis of several diseases through this complex interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Zefferino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Sante Di Gioia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimo Conese
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Xiao C, Eldridge RC, Beitler JJ, Higgins KA, Chico CE, Felger JC, Wommack EC, Knobf T, Saba NF, Shin DM, Bruner DW, Miller AH. Association Among Glucocorticoid Receptor Sensitivity, Fatigue, and Inflammation in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer. Psychosom Med 2020; 82:508-16. [PMID: 32515926 DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fatigued cancer patients often have high peripheral inflammation; however, the biological mechanisms of this association remain unclear. We examined whether decreased sensitivity of immune cells to the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids may contribute to inflammation and fatigue in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients during treatment. METHODS HNC patients without distant metastasis and with curative intent (n = 77) were studied 1 week before intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and 1 month after IMRT. At each time point, fatigue was measured by the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 along with plasma inflammation markers and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) sensitivity as determined by in vitro dexamethasone suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin 6. Linear regression models were used. RESULTS In contrast to our hypothesis, GR sensitivity increased during treatment; however, increased fatigue was associated with a lesser increase in GR sensitivity from baseline to 1 month after IMRT (unstandardized estimate = 4.07, p = .02). This effect was more prominent in human papillomavirus-unrelated HNCs (unstandardized estimate = 8.22, p = .002). Lower increases in GR sensitivity were also associated with increased inflammation at 1 month after IMRT as represented by C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor α. Addition of inflammation markers to models of GR sensitivity predicting fatigue indicated that these inflammation markers were stronger predictors of fatigue than GR sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS Lower increases in GR sensitivity during HNC treatment were significantly predictive of increased fatigue and inflammation markers. Inflammation markers in turn predicted fatigue above and beyond levels of GR sensitivity. Our findings indicate that HNC patients with cancer-related fatigue may exhibit a decreased capacity for glucocorticoids to regulate inflammatory processes, as evidenced by a lower increase in GR sensitivity. Larger studies are necessary to verify the findings.
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Bekhbat M, Rowson SA, Neigh GN. Checks and balances: The glucocorticoid receptor and NFĸB in good times and bad. Front Neuroendocrinol 2017; 46:15-31. [PMID: 28502781 PMCID: PMC5523465 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mutual regulation and balance between the endocrine and immune systems facilitate an organism's stress response and are impaired following chronic stress or prolonged immune activation. Concurrent alterations in stress physiology and immunity are increasingly recognized as contributing factors to several stress-linked neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Accumulating evidence suggests that impaired balance and crosstalk between the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) - effectors of the stress and immune axes, respectively - may play a key role in mediating the harmful effects of chronic stress on mood and behavior. Here, we first review the molecular mechanisms of GR and NFκB interactions in health, then describe potential shifts in the GR-NFκB dynamics in chronic stress conditions within the context of brain circuitry relevant to neuropsychiatric diseases. Furthermore, we discuss developmental influences and sex differences in the regulation of these two transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandakh Bekhbat
- Emory University, Graduate Division of Biological Sciences, Neuroscience Graduate Program, United States
| | - Sydney A Rowson
- Emory University, Graduate Division of Biological Sciences, Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Graduate Studies Program, United States
| | - Gretchen N Neigh
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, United States.
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Mellon SH, Wolkowitz OM, Schonemann MD, Epel ES, Rosser R, Burke HB, Mahan L, Reus VI, Stamatiou D, Liew CC, Cole SW. Alterations in leukocyte transcriptional control pathway activity associated with major depressive disorder and antidepressant treatment. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e821. [PMID: 27219347 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with a significantly elevated risk of developing serious medical illnesses such as cardiovascular disease, immune impairments, infection, dementia and premature death. Previous work has demonstrated immune dysregulation in subjects with MDD. Using genome-wide transcriptional profiling and promoter-based bioinformatic strategies, we assessed leukocyte transcription factor (TF) activity in leukocytes from 20 unmedicated MDD subjects versus 20 age-, sex- and ethnicity-matched healthy controls, before initiation of antidepressant therapy, and in 17 of the MDD subjects after 8 weeks of sertraline treatment. In leukocytes from unmedicated MDD subjects, bioinformatic analysis of transcription control pathway activity indicated an increased transcriptional activity of cAMP response element-binding/activating TF (CREB/ATF) and increased activity of TFs associated with cellular responses to oxidative stress (nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2, NFE2l2 or NRF2). Eight weeks of antidepressant therapy was associated with significant reductions in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores and reduced activity of NRF2, but not in CREB/ATF activity. Several other transcriptional regulation pathways, including the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), nuclear factor kappa-B cells (NF-κB), early growth response proteins 1-4 (EGR1-4) and interferon-responsive TFs, showed either no significant differences as a function of disease or treatment, or activities that were opposite to those previously hypothesized to be involved in the etiology of MDD or effective treatment. Our results suggest that CREB/ATF and NRF2 signaling may contribute to MDD by activating immune cell transcriptome dynamics that ultimately influence central nervous system (CNS) motivational and affective processes via circulating mediators.
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Felger JC, Haroon E, Woolwine BJ, Raison CL, Miller AH. Interferon-alpha-induced inflammation is associated with reduced glucocorticoid negative feedback sensitivity and depression in patients with hepatitis C virus. Physiol Behav 2015; 166:14-21. [PMID: 26703235 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Major medical illnesses are associated with increased risk for depression and alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function. Pathophysiological processes such as inflammation that occur as a part of medical illnesses and their treatments have been shown to cause depressive symptoms, and may also affect the HPA axis. We previously reported that patients with hepatitis C virus chronically administered interferon (IFN)-alpha develop increased evening plasma cortisol concentrations and a flattened diurnal cortisol slope, which correlated with increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and its soluble receptor 2 (sTNFR2). Increased TNF and sTNFR2 were further correlated with depression and fatigue scores. The current study examined whether flattened cortisol slope might be secondary to reduced glucocorticoid receptor (GR) sensitivity, by measuring glucocorticoid negative feedback to dexamethasone (DEX) administration followed by corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) challenge. In an exploratory analysis, 28 male and female patients with hepatitis C virus were studied at baseline (Visit 1) and after 12weeks (Visit 2) of either IFN-alpha plus ribavirin (n=17) or no treatment (n=11). Patients underwent dexamethasone DEX-CRH challenge, neuropsychiatric assessments, and measurement of plasma TNF and sTNFR2 during each visit. IFN-alpha did not affect neuroendocrine responses following CRH but did increase post-DEX cortisol, which was correlated with flattening of the diurnal cortisol slope (r=0.57, p=0.002) and with increased depression scores (r=0.38, p=0.047). Furthermore, the change in post-DEX cortisol was associated with IFN-alpha-induced increase in sTNFR2 (r=0.51, p=006), which was in turn correlated with depression (r=0.63, p<0.001) and fatigue (r=0.51, p=0.005) scores. Whereas the relationship between sTNFR2 and depression scores were independent of the change in post-DEX cortisol, the correlation between post-DEX cortisol and depression scores was not significant when controlling for sTNFR2. These findings suggest that inflammation induced in patients with hepatitis C virus during IFN-alpha therapy precipitates decreased GR sensitivity to lead to a flattened diurnal cortisol slope. Decreased GR sensitivity may in turn further increase inflammation and its ultimate effects on behavior. Treatments that target inflammation and/or GR sensitivity may reduce depressive symptoms associated with medical illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Felger
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States; The Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - Ebrahim Haroon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States; The Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Bobbi J Woolwine
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Charles L Raison
- School of Human Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Andrew H Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States; The Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
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Silvia A, Claudia M, Cristina B, Manuel SA, Rigillo G, Blom JMC, Nicoletta B, Bruno C, Carmine PM, Fabio T. Interleukin 18 activates MAPKs and STAT3 but not NF-κB in hippocampal HT-22 cells. Brain Behav Immun 2014; 40:85-94. [PMID: 24603356 PMCID: PMC6248908 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-18 is a cytokine previously demonstrated to participate in neuroinflammatory processes. Since the components of the IL-18 receptor complex are expressed in neurons throughout the brain, IL-18 is also believed to directly influence neuronal function. Here we tested this hypothesis on mouse hippocampal neurons by measuring the effects of IL-18 on three pathways previously shown to be regulated by this cytokine in non-neuronal cells: the MAPK pathways, p38 and ERK1/2 MAPKs, STAT3 and NF-κB. Experiments were carried out in vitro using the immortalized hippocampal neuronal line HT-22 or in vivo following i.c.v. injection with recombinant mouse IL-18. We showed that IL-18 did not activate NF-κB in HT-22 cells whereas it induced a rapid (within 15min) activation of the MAPK pathways. Moreover, we demonstrated that IL-18 treatment enhanced P-STAT3 (Tyr705)/STAT3 ratio in the nucleus of HT-22 cells after 30-60min of exposure. A similar increase in P-STAT3 (Tyr705)/STAT3 ratio was observed in the whole hippocampus one hour after i.c.v. injection. These data demonstrate that IL-18 can act directly on neuronal cells affecting the STAT3 pathway; therefore, possibly regulating the expression of specific genes within the hippocampus. This effect may help to explain some of the IL-18-induced effects on synaptic plasticity and functionality within the hippocampal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alboni Silvia
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Montanari Claudia
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Benatti Cristina
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Sanchez-Alavez Manuel
- Molecular and Integrative Neurosciences Department, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Giovanna Rigillo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Joan MC Blom
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Brunello Nicoletta
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Conti Bruno
- Molecular and Integrative Neurosciences Department, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Pariante M. Carmine
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Department of Psychological Medicine Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Tascedda Fabio
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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14
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Feng C, Fang M, Liu XY. The neurobiological pathogenesis of poststroke depression. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:521349. [PMID: 24744682 DOI: 10.1155/2014/521349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Poststroke depression (PSD) is an important consequence after stroke, with negative impact on stroke outcome. The pathogenesis of PSD is complicated, with some special neurobiological mechanism, which mainly involves neuroanatomical, neuron, and biochemical factors and neurogenesis which interact in complex ways. Abundant studies suggested that large lesions in critical areas such as left frontal lobe and basal ganglia or accumulation of silent cerebral lesions might interrupt the pathways of monoamines or relevant pathways of mood control, thus leading to depression. Activation of immune system after stroke produces more cytokines which increase glutamate excitotoxicity, results in more cell deaths of critical areas and enlargement of infarctions, and, together with hypercortisolism induced by stress or inflammation after stroke which could decrease intracellular serotonin transporters, might be the key biochemical change of PSD. The interaction among cytokines, glucocorticoid, and neurotrophin results in the decrease of hippocampal neurogenesis which has been proved to be important for mood control and pharmaceutical effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and might be another promising pathway to understand the pathogenesis of PSD. In order to reduce the prevalence of PSD and improve the outcome of stroke, more relevant studies are still required to clarify the pathogenesis of PSD.
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15
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Webster Marketon JI, Corry J, Teng MN. The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) nonstructural proteins mediate RSV suppression of glucocorticoid receptor transactivation. Virology 2014; 449:62-9. [PMID: 24418538 PMCID: PMC3904736 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced bronchiolitis in infants is not responsive to glucocorticoids. We have shown that RSV infection impairs glucocorticoid receptor (GR) function. In this study, we have investigated the mechanism by which RSV impairs GR function. We have shown that RSV repression of GR-induced transactivation is not mediated through a soluble autocrine factor. Knock-down of mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), but not retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-I) or myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), impairs GR-mediated gene activation even in mock-infected cells. Over-expression of the RSV nonstructural protein NS1, but not NS2, impairs glucocorticoid-induced transactivation and viruses deleted in NS1 and/or NS2 are unable to repress glucocorticoid-induction of the known GR regulated gene glucocorticoid-inducible leucine zipper (GILZ). These data suggest that the RSV nonstructural proteins mediate RSV repression of GR-induced transactivation and that inhibition of the nonstructural proteins may be a viable target for therapy against RSV-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette I Webster Marketon
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
| | - Jacqueline Corry
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
| | - Michael N Teng
- Joy McCann Culverhouse Airway Disease Research Center, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
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16
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Tai Z, Lin Y, He Y, Huang J, Guo J, Yang L, Zhang G, Wang F. Luteolin sensitizes the antiproliferative effect of interferon α/β by activation of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway signaling through protein kinase A-mediated inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 in cancer cells. Cell Signal 2013; 26:619-28. [PMID: 24333668 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
New negative regulators of interferon (IFN) signaling, preferably with tissue specificity, are needed to develop therapeutic means to enhance the efficacy of type I IFNs (IFN-α/β) and reduce their side effects. We conducted cell-based screening for IFN signaling enhancer and discovered that luteolin, a natural flavonoid, sensitized the antiproliferative effect of IFN-α in hepatoma HepG2 cells and cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. Luteolin promoted IFN-β-induced Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway activation by enhancing the phosphorylation of Jak1, Tyk2, and STAT1/2, thereby promoting STAT1 accumulation in the nucleus and endogenous IFN-α-regulated gene expression. Of interest, inhibition of phosphodiesterase (PDE) abolished the effect of IFN-β and luteolin on STAT1 phosphorylation. Luteolin also increased the cAMP-degrading activity of PDE bound with type I interferon receptor 2 (IFNAR2) and decreased the intracellular cAMP level, indicating that luteolin may act on the JAK/STAT pathway via PDE. Protein kinase A (PKA) was found to negatively regulate IFN-β-induced JAK/STAT signaling, and its inhibitory effect was counteracted by luteolin. Pull-down and immunoprecipitation assays revealed that type II PKA interacted with IFNAR2 via the receptor for activated C-kinase 1 (RACK-1), and such interaction was inhibited by luteolin. Src homology domain 2 containing tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP-2) was further found to mediate the inhibitory effect of PKA on the JAK/STAT pathway. These data suggest that PKA/PDE-mediated cAMP signaling, integrated by RACK-1 to IFNAR2, may negatively regulate IFN signaling through SHP-2. Inhibition of this signaling may provide a new way to sensitize the efficacy of IFN-α/β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfu Tai
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujiao He
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Junmei Huang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajia Guo
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Guolin Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.
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17
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Theron AJ, Steel HC, Tintinger GR, Feldman C, Anderson R. Can the anti-inflammatory activities of β2-agonists be harnessed in the clinical setting? Drug Des Devel Ther 2013; 7:1387-98. [PMID: 24285920 PMCID: PMC3840775 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s50995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Beta2-adrenoreceptor agonists (β2-agonists) are primarily bronchodilators, targeting airway smooth muscle and providing critical symptomatic relief in conditions such as bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These agents also possess broad-spectrum, secondary, anti-inflammatory properties. These are mediated largely, though not exclusively, via interactions with adenylyl cyclase-coupled β2-adrenoreceptors on a range of immune and inflammatory cells involved in the immunopathogenesis of acute and chronic inflammatory disorders of the airways. The clinical relevance of the anti-inflammatory actions of β2-agonists, although often effective in the experimental setting, remains contentious. The primary objectives of the current review are: firstly, to assess the mechanisms, both molecular and cell-associated, that may limit the anti-inflammatory efficacy of β2-agonists; secondly, to evaluate pharmacological strategies, several of which are recent and innovative, that may overcome these limitations. These are preceded by a consideration of the various types of β2-agonists, their clinical applications, and spectrum of anti-inflammatory activities, particularly those involving adenosine 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase-mediated clearance of cytosolic calcium, and altered gene expression in immune and inflammatory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette J Theron
- Medical Research Council Unit for Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa ; Tshwane Academic Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Pretoria, South Africa
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18
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Beck IM, Clarisse D, Bougarne N, Okret S, Haegeman G, De Bosscher K. Mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase 1 MSK1 regulates glucocorticoid response element promoter activity in a glucocorticoid concentration-dependent manner. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 715:1-9. [PMID: 23831393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor is a nuclear receptor, and can be activated by glucocorticoid ligands. Mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase (MSK1), when activated by p38 and ERK mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), plays a major role in chromatin relaxation via phosphorylation of histone H3 S10. The glucocorticoid receptor can target MSK1 as part of its anti-inflammatory mechanism. Here, we studied the converse mechanism, i.e. the impact of MSK1 on glucocorticoid receptor-mediated transactivation. Upstream MSK1-activating kinases concentration-dependently enhanced glucocorticoid response element (GRE)-regulated promoter activity. Correspondingly, MSK1 inhibition, via H89, or combined p38 and ERK MAPK inhibition, via SB203580 and U0126, diminished maximally stimulated GRE-regulated promoter activity using high concentrations of glucocorticoids. Concomitantly, the combination of these agents does not seem to alter site-specific phosphorylations of murine glucocorticoid receptor S212 or S220. Paradoxically, we reveal that a sub-maximally activated GRE-mediated promoter activity, by using lower concentrations of glucocorticoids, is consistently enhanced by H89 or a combination of SB203580 and U0126, irrespective of the GRE promoter context. Furthermore, we show that the glucocorticoid-induced nucleocytoplasmic translocation of MSK1 occurs in a glucocorticoid concentration-dependent manner. The observed glucocorticoid concentration-dependent effect of MSK1 or MAPK inhibition on glucocorticoid receptor transactivation warrants further research into the applicability of combined glucocorticoid and kinase inhibitor strategies for anti-inflammatory purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse M Beck
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Therapy & Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, UZ 1P7, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.
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19
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Abstract
Although we generally experience our bodies as being biologically stable across time and situations, an emerging field of research is demonstrating that external social conditions, especially our subjective perceptions of those conditions, can influence our most basic internal biological processes-namely, the expression of our genes. This research on human social genomics has begun to identify the types of genes that are subject to social-environmental regulation, the neural and molecular mechanisms that mediate the effects of social processes on gene expression, and the genetic polymorphisms that moderate individual differences in genomic sensitivity to social context. The molecular models resulting from this research provide new opportunities for understanding how social and genetic factors interact to shape complex behavioral phenotypes and susceptibility to disease. This research also sheds new light on the evolution of the human genome and challenges the fundamental belief that our molecular makeup is relatively stable and impermeable to social-environmental influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- George M Slavich
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
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