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Říhová K, Lapčík P, Veselá B, Knopfová L, Potěšil D, Pokludová J, Šmarda J, Matalová E, Bouchal P, Beneš P. Caspase-9 Is a Positive Regulator of Osteoblastic Cell Migration Identified by diaPASEF Proteomics. J Proteome Res 2024. [PMID: 38498986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Caspase-9 is traditionally considered the initiator caspase of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. In the past decade, however, other functions beyond initiation/execution of cell death have been described including cell type-dependent regulation of proliferation, differentiation/maturation, mitochondrial, and endosomal/lysosomal homeostasis. As previous studies revealed nonapoptotic functions of caspases in osteogenesis and bone homeostasis, this study was performed to identify proteins and pathways deregulated by knockout of caspase-9 in mouse MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. Data-independent acquisition-parallel accumulation serial fragmentation (diaPASEF) proteomics was used to compare protein profiles of control and caspase-9 knockout cells. A total of 7669 protein groups were quantified, and 283 upregulated/141 downregulated protein groups were associated with the caspase-9 knockout phenotype. The deregulated proteins were mainly enriched for those associated with cell migration and motility and DNA replication/repair. Altered migration was confirmed in MC3T3-E1 cells with the genetic and pharmacological inhibition of caspase-9. ABHD2, an established regulator of cell migration, was identified as a possible substrate of caspase-9. We conclude that caspase-9 acts as a modulator of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell migration and, therefore, may be involved in bone remodeling and fracture repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Říhová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Lapčík
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Veselá
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Knopfová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - David Potěšil
- Proteomics Core Facility, Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Pokludová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Šmarda
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Matalová
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno 612 42, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Bouchal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Beneš
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
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2
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Lv MY, Jin LL, Sang XQ, Shi WC, Qiang LX, Lin QY, Jin SD. Abhd2, a Candidate Gene Regulating Airway Remodeling in COPD via TGF-β. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2024; 19:33-50. [PMID: 38197032 PMCID: PMC10775803 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s440200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The typical characteristic of COPD is airway remodeling, affected by environmental and genetic factors. However, genetic studies on COPD have been limited. Currently, the Abhd2 gene is found to play a critical role in maintaining alveolar architecture and stability. The research aims to investigate the predictive value of Abhd2 for airway remodeling in COPD and its effect on TGF-β regulation. Methods In humans, Abhd2 protein was obtained from peripheral blood monocytes. Peripheral blood TGF-β, pulmonary surfactant proteins (SPs), metalloproteinases, inflammatory indicators (WBC, NEU, NLR, EOS, CRP, PCT, D-Dimer), chest CT (airway diameter and airway wall thickness), pulmonary function, and blood gas analysis were used to assess airway remodeling. In animals, Abhd2 deficient mice (Abhd2Gt/Gt) using gene trapping and C57BL6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with CSE to construct COPD models. HE staining, Masson staining and immunohistochemistry were used to observe the pathological changes of airway in mice, and RT-PCR, WB, ELISA and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of secreted proteins and EMT markers. Results COPD patients with worse pulmonary function and higher airway remodeling-related inflammatory factors had lower Abhd2 protein expression. Moreover, indicators followed the same trend for COPD patients grouped by prognosis (Group A vs Group B). Serum TGF-β was negatively correlated with Abhd2 protein expression, FEV1/FVC, FEV1, and FEV1% PRED. In mice, Abhd2 depletion promoted deposition of TGF-β, leading to more pronounced emphysema, airway thickening, increased alveolar macrophage infiltration, decreased AECII number and SPs, and EMT phenomenon. Conclusion Downregulation of Abhd2 can promote airway remodeling in COPD by modulating repair after injury and EMT via TGF-β. This study suggests that Abhd2 may serve as a biomarker for assessing airway remodeling and guiding prognosis in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yu Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling-Ling Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Critical Care medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi ‘an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xi-Qiao Sang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Chao Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Xia Qiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing-Yan Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, 150001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shou-De Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Nader N, Zarif L, Halama A, Yadav S, Dib M, Attarwala N, Chen Q, Suhre K, Gross SS, Machaca K. Progesterone induces meiosis through two obligate co-receptors with PLA2 activity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.09.556646. [PMID: 37905030 PMCID: PMC10614741 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.09.556646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The steroid hormone progesterone (P4) regulates multiple aspects of reproductive and metabolic physiology. Classical P4 signaling operates through nuclear receptors that regulate transcription. In addition, P4 signals through membrane P4 receptors (mPRs) in a rapid nongenomic modality. Despite the established physiological importance of P4 nongenomic signaling, its detailed signal transduction remains elusive. Here, using Xenopus oocyte maturation as a well-established physiological readout of nongenomic P4 signaling, we identify the lipid hydrolase ABHD2 (α/β hydrolase domain-containing protein 2) as an essential mPRβ co-receptor to trigger meiosis. We show using functional assays coupled to unbiased and targeted cell-based lipidomics that ABHD2 possesses a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity that requires both P4 and mPRβ. This PLA2 activity bifurcates P4 signaling by inducing mPRβ clathrin-dependent endocytosis and producing lipid messengers that are G-protein coupled receptors agonists. Therefore, P4 drives meiosis by inducing the ABHD2 PLA2 activity that requires both mPRβ and ABHD2 as obligate co-receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Nader
- Calcium Signaling Group, Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lubna Zarif
- Calcium Signaling Group, Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Anna Halama
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sharan Yadav
- Calcium Signaling Group, Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maya Dib
- Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nabeel Attarwala
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Biological Sciences division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qiuying Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Steven S. Gross
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Khaled Machaca
- Calcium Signaling Group, Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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4
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Price TR, Stapleton DS, Schueler KL, Norris MK, Parks BW, Yandell BS, Churchill GA, Holland WL, Keller MP, Attie AD. Lipidomic QTL in Diversity Outbred mice identifies a novel function for α/β hydrolase domain 2 (Abhd2) as an enzyme that metabolizes phosphatidylcholine and cardiolipin. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010713. [PMID: 37523383 PMCID: PMC10414554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We and others have previously shown that genetic association can be used to make causal connections between gene loci and small molecules measured by mass spectrometry in the bloodstream and in tissues. We identified a locus on mouse chromosome 7 where several phospholipids in liver showed strong genetic association to distinct gene loci. In this study, we integrated gene expression data with genetic association data to identify a single gene at the chromosome 7 locus as the driver of the phospholipid phenotypes. The gene encodes α/β-hydrolase domain 2 (Abhd2), one of 23 members of the ABHD gene family. We validated this observation by measuring lipids in a mouse with a whole-body deletion of Abhd2. The Abhd2KO mice had a significant increase in liver levels of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Unexpectedly, we also found a decrease in two key mitochondrial lipids, cardiolipin and phosphatidylglycerol, in male Abhd2KO mice. These data suggest that Abhd2 plays a role in the synthesis, turnover, or remodeling of liver phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara R. Price
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Donnie S. Stapleton
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Kathryn L. Schueler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Marie K. Norris
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Brian W. Parks
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Brian S. Yandell
- Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | | | - William L. Holland
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Mark P. Keller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Alan D. Attie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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5
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Price TR, Stapleton DS, Schueler KL, Norris MK, Parks BW, Yandell BS, Churchill GA, Holland WL, Keller MP, Attie AD. Lipidomic QTL in Diversity Outbred mice identifies a novel function for α/β hydrolase domain 2 ( Abhd2 ) as an enzyme that metabolizes phosphatidylcholine and cardiolipin. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.23.533902. [PMID: 36993241 PMCID: PMC10055419 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.23.533902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We and others have previously shown that genetic association can be used to make causal connections between gene loci and small molecules measured by mass spectrometry in the bloodstream and in tissues. We identified a locus on mouse chromosome 7 where several phospholipids in liver showed strong genetic association to distinct gene loci. In this study, we integrated gene expression data with genetic association data to identify a single gene at the chromosome 7 locus as the driver of the phospholipid phenotypes. The gene encodes α/β-hydrolase domain 2 ( Abhd2 ), one of 23 members of the ABHD gene family. We validated this observation by measuring lipids in a mouse with a whole-body deletion of Abhd2 . The Abhd2 KO mice had a significant increase in liver levels of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Unexpectedly, we also found a decrease in two key mitochondrial lipids, cardiolipin and phosphatidylglycerol, in male Abhd2 KO mice. These data suggest that Abhd2 plays a role in the synthesis, turnover, or remodeling of liver phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara R Price
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Donnie S Stapleton
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Kathryn L Schueler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Marie K Norris
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Brian W Parks
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Brian S Yandell
- Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | | | - William L Holland
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Mark P Keller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Alan D Attie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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6
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Wendler A, Wehling M. Many or too many progesterone membrane receptors? Clinical implications. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:850-868. [PMID: 36384863 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Several receptors for nongenomically initiated actions of progesterone (P4) exist, namely membrane-associated P4 receptors (MAPRs), membrane progestin receptors (mPRs), receptors for neurosteroids [GABAA receptor (GABAAR), NMDA receptor, sigma-1 and -2 receptors (S1R/S2R)], the classical genomic P4 receptor (PGR), and α/β hydrolase domain-containing protein 2 (ABHD2). Two drugs related to this field have been approved: brexanolone (Zulresso™) for the treatment of postpartum depression, and ganaxolone (Ztalmy™) for the treatment of CDKL5 deficiency disorder. Both are derivatives of P4 and target the GABAAR. Several other indications are in clinical testing. CT1812 (Elayta™) is also being tested for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Phase 2 clinical trials, targeting the P4 receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1)/S2R complex. In this Review, we highlight emerging knowledge on the mechanisms of nongenomically initiated actions of P4 and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Wendler
- Clinical Pharmacology Mannheim, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin Wehling
- Clinical Pharmacology Mannheim, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany.
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7
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Bononi G, Tuccinardi T, Rizzolio F, Granchi C. α/β-Hydrolase Domain (ABHD) Inhibitors as New Potential Therapeutic Options against Lipid-Related Diseases. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9759-9785. [PMID: 34213320 PMCID: PMC8389839 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Much of the experimental evidence in the literature has linked altered lipid metabolism to severe diseases such as cancer, obesity, cardiovascular pathologies, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, targeting key effectors of the dysregulated lipid metabolism may represent an effective strategy to counteract these pathological conditions. In this context, α/β-hydrolase domain (ABHD) enzymes represent an important and diversified family of proteins, which are involved in the complex environment of lipid signaling, metabolism, and regulation. Moreover, some members of the ABHD family play an important role in the endocannabinoid system, being designated to terminate the signaling of the key endocannabinoid regulator 2-arachidonoylglycerol. This Perspective summarizes the research progress in the development of ABHD inhibitors and modulators: design strategies, structure-activity relationships, action mechanisms, and biological studies of the main ABHD ligands will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bononi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tiziano Tuccinardi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy.,Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University, 30123 Venezia, Italy
| | - Carlotta Granchi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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8
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Baggelaar MP, den Dulk H, Florea BI, Fazio D, Bernabò N, Raspa M, Janssen APA, Scavizzi F, Barboni B, Overkleeft HS, Maccarrone M, van der Stelt M. ABHD2 Inhibitor Identified by Activity-Based Protein Profiling Reduces Acrosome Reaction. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:2295-2304. [PMID: 31525885 PMCID: PMC6878212 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
ABHD2 is a serine hydrolase that belongs to the subgroup of the α,β-hydrolase fold-containing proteins, which is involved in virus propagation, immune response, and fertilization. Chemical tools to selectively modulate the activity of ABHD2 in an acute setting are highly desired to investigate its biological role, but are currently lacking. Here, we report a library-versus-library screening using activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) to evaluate in parallel the selectivity and activity of a focused lipase inhibitor library against ABHD2 and a panel of closely related ABHD proteins. This screen resulted in the rapid identification of novel inhibitors for ABHD2. The selectivity of the inhibitor was further investigated in native mouse testis proteome by competitive ABPP, revealing a highly restricted off-target profile. The progesterone-induced acrosome reaction was reduced in a dose-dependent manner by the newly identified inhibitor, which provides further support for the key-role of ABHD2 in the P4-stimulated acrosome reaction. On this basis, the ABHD2 inhibitor is an excellent starting point for further optimization of ABHD2 inhibitors that can modulate sperm fertility and may lead to novel contraceptives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Domenico Fazio
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, University of Teramo, Via Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Nicola Bernabò
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, University of Teramo, Via Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Marcello Raspa
- National Research Council (IBCN), CNR-Campus International Development (EMMA INFRAFRONTIER-IMPC), Via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy
| | | | - Ferdinando Scavizzi
- National Research Council (IBCN), CNR-Campus International Development (EMMA INFRAFRONTIER-IMPC), Via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, University of Teramo, Via Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Maccarrone
- Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
- European Centre for Brain Research/IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, via del Fosso del Fiorano 65, 00143 Rome, Italy
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9
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Suppression of ABHD2, identified through a functional genomics screen, causes anoikis resistance, chemoresistance and poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:47620-47636. [PMID: 27323405 PMCID: PMC5216966 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anoikis resistance is a hallmark of cancer, and relates to malignant phenotypes, including chemoresistance, cancer stem like phenotypes and dissemination. The aim of this study was to identify key factors contributing to anoikis resistance in ovarian cancer using a functional genomics screen. A library of 81 000 shRNAs targeting 15 000 genes was transduced into OVCA420 cells, followed by incubation in soft agar and colony selection. We found shRNAs directed to ABHD2, ELAC2 and CYB5R3 caused reproducible anoikis resistance. These three genes are deleted in many serous ovarian cancers according to The Cancer Genome Atlas data. Suppression of ABHD2 in OVCA420 cells increased phosphorylated p38 and ERK, platinum resistance, and side population cells (p<0.01, respectively). Conversely, overexpression of ABHD2 decreased resistance to anoikis (p<0.05) and the amount of phosphorylated p38 and ERK in OVCA420 and SKOV3 cells. In clinical serous ovarian cancer specimens, low expression of ABHD2 was associated with platinum resistance and poor prognosis (p<0.05, respectively). In conclusion, we found three novel genes relevant to anoikis resistance in ovarian cancer using a functional genomics screen. Suppression of ABHD2 may promote a malignant phenotype and poor prognosis for women with serous ovarian cancer.
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10
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Fujihara Y, Miyata H, Ikawa M. Factors controlling sperm migration through the oviduct revealed by gene-modified mouse models. Exp Anim 2018; 67:91-104. [PMID: 29353867 PMCID: PMC5955741 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.17-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian fertilization is comprised of many steps including sperm survival in the
uterus, sperm migration in the female reproductive tract, physiological and morphological
changes to the spermatozoa, and sperm-egg interaction in the oviduct. In
vitro studies have revealed essential factors for these fertilization steps for
over half a century. However, the molecular mechanism of fertilization has recently been
revised by the emergence of genetically modified animals. Here, we focus on essential
factors for sperm fertilizing ability and describe recent advances in our knowledge of the
mechanisms of mammalian fertilization, especially of sperm migration from the uterus into
the oviduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Fujihara
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Miyata
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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11
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Fowler CJ, Doherty P, Alexander SPH. Endocannabinoid Turnover. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2017; 80:31-66. [PMID: 28826539 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we consider the biosynthetic, hydrolytic, and oxidative metabolism of the endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol. We describe the enzymes associated with these events and their characterization. We identify the inhibitor profile for these enzymes and the status of therapeutic exploitation, which to date has been limited to clinical trials for fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors. To bring the review to a close, we consider whether point block of a single enzyme is likely to be the most successful approach for therapeutic exploitation of the endocannabinoid system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Doherty
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Disease, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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12
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High fat diet-induced changes of mouse hepatic transcription and enhancer activity can be reversed by subsequent weight loss. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40220. [PMID: 28071704 PMCID: PMC5223143 DOI: 10.1038/srep40220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic factors have been suggested to play an important role in metabolic memory by trapping and maintaining initial metabolic changes within the transcriptional regulatory machinery. In this study we fed mice a high fat diet (HFD) for seven weeks followed by additional five weeks of chow, to identify HFD-mediated changes to the hepatic transcriptional program that may persist after weight loss. Mice fed a HFD displayed increased fasting insulin levels, hepatosteatosis and major changes in hepatic gene transcription associated with modulation of H3K27Ac at enhancers, but no significant changes in chromatin accessibility, indicating that HFD-regulated gene transcription is primarily controlled by modulating the activity of pre-established enhancers. After return to the same body weight as chow fed control mice, the fasting insulin, glucose, and hepatic triglyceride levels were fully restored to normal levels. Moreover, HFD-regulated H3K27Ac and mRNA levels returned to similar levels as control mice. These data demonstrates that the transcription regulatory landscape in the liver induced by HFD is highly dynamic and can be reversed by weight loss. This provides hope for efficient treatment of early obesity-associated changes to hepatic complications by simple weight loss intervention without persistent reprograming of the liver transcriptome.
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13
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MURAKAMI M. Lipoquality control by phospholipase A 2 enzymes. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2017; 93:677-702. [PMID: 29129849 PMCID: PMC5743847 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.93.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The phospholipase A2 (PLA2) family comprises a group of lipolytic enzymes that typically hydrolyze the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids to give rise to fatty acids and lysophospholipids. The mammalian genome encodes more than 50 PLA2s or related enzymes, which are classified into several subfamilies on the basis of their structures and functions. From a general viewpoint, the PLA2 family has mainly been implicated in signal transduction, producing bioactive lipid mediators derived from fatty acids and lysophospholipids. Recent evidence indicates that PLA2s also contribute to phospholipid remodeling for membrane homeostasis or energy production for fatty acid β-oxidation. Accordingly, PLA2 enzymes can be regarded as one of the key regulators of the quality of lipids, which I herein refer to as lipoquality. Disturbance of PLA2-regulated lipoquality hampers tissue and cellular homeostasis and can be linked to various diseases. Here I overview the current state of understanding of the classification, enzymatic properties, and physiological functions of the PLA2 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto MURAKAMI
- Laboratory of Environmental and Metabolic Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Lipid Metabolism Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Correspondence should be addressed: M. Murakami, Laboratory of Environmental and Metabolic Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan (e-mail: )
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14
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Lishko PV. Contraception: Search for an Ideal Unisex Mechanism by Targeting Ion Channels. Trends Biochem Sci 2016; 41:816-818. [PMID: 27545067 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Targeting sperm ion channels and other sperm-specific proteins is an effective way to develop unisex contraceptives, as they should have decreased side effects. This Science & Society summarizes the current advances in human sperm physiology in attempts to evaluate what would be appropriate targets for unisex contraceptives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina V Lishko
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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15
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Miller MR, Mannowetz N, Iavarone AT, Safavi R, Gracheva EO, Smith JF, Hill RZ, Bautista DM, Kirichok Y, Lishko PV. Unconventional endocannabinoid signaling governs sperm activation via the sex hormone progesterone. Science 2016; 352:555-9. [PMID: 26989199 DOI: 10.1126/science.aad6887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Steroids regulate cell proliferation, tissue development, and cell signaling via two pathways: a nuclear receptor mechanism and genome-independent signaling. Sperm activation, egg maturation, and steroid-induced anesthesia are executed via the latter pathway, the key components of which remain unknown. Here, we present characterization of the human sperm progesterone receptor that is conveyed by the orphan enzyme α/β hydrolase domain-containing protein 2 (ABHD2). We show that ABHD2 is highly expressed in spermatozoa, binds progesterone, and acts as a progesterone-dependent lipid hydrolase by depleting the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2AG) from plasma membrane. The 2AG inhibits the sperm calcium channel (CatSper), and its removal leads to calcium influx via CatSper and ensures sperm activation. This study reveals that progesterone-activated endocannabinoid depletion by ABHD2 is a general mechanism by which progesterone exerts its genome-independent action and primes sperm for fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa R Miller
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Nadja Mannowetz
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Anthony T Iavarone
- QB3/Chemistry Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Rojin Safavi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Elena O Gracheva
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology; Department of Neuroscience, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Repair (CNNR), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
| | - James F Smith
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Rose Z Hill
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Diana M Bautista
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yuriy Kirichok
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Polina V Lishko
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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16
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Obinata D, Takada S, Takayama KI, Urano T, Ito A, Ashikari D, Fujiwara K, Yamada Y, Murata T, Kumagai J, Fujimura T, Ikeda K, Horie-Inoue K, Homma Y, Takahashi S, Inoue S. Abhydrolase domain containing 2, an androgen target gene, promotes prostate cancer cell proliferation and migration. Eur J Cancer 2016; 57:39-49. [PMID: 26854828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The androgen receptor (AR) plays a key role in the development of prostate cancer. AR signalling mediates the expression of androgen-responsive genes, which are involved in prostate cancer development and progression. Our previous chromatin immunoprecipitation study showed that the region of abhydrolase domain containing 2 (ABHD2) includes a functional androgen receptor binding site. In this study, we demonstrated that ABHD2 is a novel androgen-responsive gene that is overexpressed in human prostate cancer tissues. METHODS The expression levels of ABHD2 in androgen-sensitive cells were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western-blot analyses. LNCaP and VCaP cells with ABHD2 overexpression or short interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown were used for functional analyses. ABHD2 expression was examined in clinical samples of prostate cancer by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We showed that ABHD2 expression is increased by androgen in LNCaP and VCaP cells. This androgen-induced ABHD2 expression was diminished by bicalutamide. While stable expression of ABHD2 affected the enhancement of LNCaP cell proliferation and migration, siRNA-mediated ABHD2 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation and migration. In addition, the siRNA treatment significantly repressed the tumour growth derived from LNCaP cells in athymic mice. Immunohistochemical analysis of ABHD2 expression in tumour specimens showed a positive correlation of ABHD2 immunoreactivity with high Gleason score and pathological N stage. Moreover, patients with high immunoreactivity of ABHD2 showed low cancer-specific survival rates and a resistance to docetaxel-based chemotherapy. CONCLUSION ABHD2 is a novel androgen-regulated gene that can promote prostate cancer growth and resistance to chemotherapy, and is a novel target for diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Obinata
- Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Takada
- Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Takayama
- Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Urano
- Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Akiko Ito
- Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Daisaku Ashikari
- Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Fujiwara
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamada
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taro Murata
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jinpei Kumagai
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Fujimura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikeda
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Kuniko Horie-Inoue
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Yukio Homma
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan.
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A comprehensive 1,000 Genomes-based genome-wide association meta-analysis of coronary artery disease. Nat Genet 2015; 47:1121-1130. [PMID: 26343387 PMCID: PMC4589895 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1607] [Impact Index Per Article: 178.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Existing knowledge of genetic variants affecting risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) is largely based on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) analysis of common SNPs. Leveraging phased haplotypes from the 1000 Genomes Project, we report a GWAS meta-analysis of 185 thousand CAD cases and controls, interrogating 6.7 million common (MAF>0.05) as well as 2.7 million low frequency (0.005<MAF<0.05) variants. In addition to confirmation of most known CAD loci, we identified 10 novel loci, eight additive and two recessive, that contain candidate genes that newly implicate biological processes in vessel walls. We observed intra-locus allelic heterogeneity but little evidence of low frequency variants with larger effects and no evidence of synthetic association. Our analysis provides a comprehensive survey of the fine genetic architecture of CAD showing that genetic susceptibility to this common disease is largely determined by common SNPs of small effect size.
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Liu L, Li X, Yuan R, Zhang H, Qiang L, Shen J, Jin S. Associations of ABHD2 genetic variations with risks for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a Chinese Han population. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123929. [PMID: 25880496 PMCID: PMC4399978 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The human α/β hydrolase domain-containing protein 2 gene (ABHD2) plays a critical role in pulmonary emphysema, a major subset of the clinical entity known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Here, we evaluated genetic variation in the ABHD2 gene in a Chinese Han population of 286 COPD patients and 326 control subjects. The rs12442260 CT/CC genotype was associated with COPD (P < 0.001) under a dominant model. In the former-smoker group, the rs12442260 TT genotype was associated with a decreased risk of developing COPD after adjusting for age, gender and pack-years (P = 0.012). Rs12442260 was also associated with pre-FEV1 (the predicted bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in the first second) in controls (P = 0.027), but with FEV1/ forced vital capacity (FVC) ratios only in COPD patients (P = 0.012) under a dominant model. Results from the current study suggest that ABHD2 gene polymorphisms contribute to COPD susceptibility in the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150018, China
| | - Xiangshun Li
- Division of Respiratory Disease, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Rui Yuan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150018, China
| | - Honghong Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150018, China
| | - Lixia Qiang
- Division of Respiratory Disease, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Jingling Shen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150018, China
- * E-mail: (SJ); (JS)
| | - Shoude Jin
- Division of Respiratory Disease, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
- * E-mail: (SJ); (JS)
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Zhao Y, Xu H, Yu W, Xie BD. Complement anaphylatoxin C4a inhibits C5a-induced neointima formation following arterial injury. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:45-52. [PMID: 24789665 PMCID: PMC4068717 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between complement anaphylatoxins have been investigated in numerous fields; however, their functions during arterial remodeling following injury have not been studied. The inhibitory effect of complement anaphylatoxin C4a on neointima formation induced by C5a following arterial injury was investigated. Mice were subjected to wire-induced endothelial denudation of the femoral artery and treated with C5a alone or C5a + C4a for two weeks. C4a significantly inhibited C5a-induced neointima formation and the expression of CD68, F4/80, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF‑α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). In vitro, although C4a did not directly inhibit the migration, proliferation or the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) of C5a-induced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), C5a-pretreated conditioned medium‑induced migration, proliferation and VCAM-1 expression of VSMCs were suppressed when VSMCs were exposed to conditioned medium from C4a-pretreated macrophages. In addition, C5a-induced TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1 expression, Ca2+ influx and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation in macrophages were suppressed by C4a. C4a inhibits C5a-induced neointima formation, not by acting directly on VSMCs, but via a macrophage-mediated reaction by inhibiting the Ca2+-dependent ERK pathway in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Wenhui Yu
- Department of Peripheral Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Dong Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
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Perivascular adipose tissue-secreted angiopoietin-like protein 2 (Angptl2) accelerates neointimal hyperplasia after endovascular injury. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2013; 57:1-12. [PMID: 23333801 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Much attention is currently focused on the role of perivascular adipose tissue in development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Some researchers view it as promoting CVD through secretion of cytokines and growth factors called adipokines, while recent reports reveal that perivascular adipose tissue can exert a protective effect on CVD development. Furthermore, adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory adipokine, reportedly suppresses neointimal hyperplasia after endovascular injury, whereas such vascular remodeling is enhanced by pro-inflammatory adipokines secreted by perivascular adipose, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). These findings suggest that extent of vascular remodeling, a pathological process associated with CVD development, depends on the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines secreted from perivascular adipose tissue. We previously demonstrated that angiopoietin-like protein 2 (Angptl2), a pro-inflammatory factor secreted by adipose tissue, promotes adipose tissue inflammation and subsequent systemic insulin resistance in obesity. Here, we examined whether Angptl2 secreted by perivascular adipose tissue contributes to vascular remodeling after endovascular injury in studies of transgenic mice expressing Angptl2 in adipose tissue (aP2-Angptl2 transgenic mice) and Angptl2 knockout mice (Angptl2(-/-) mice). To assess the role of Angptl2 secreted by perivascular adipose tissue on vascular remodeling after endovascular injury, we performed adipose tissue transplantation experiments using these mice. Wild-type mice with perivascular adipose tissue derived from aP2-Angptl2 mice exhibited accelerated neointimal hyperplasia after endovascular injury compared to wild-type mice transplanted with wild-type tissue. Conversely, vascular inflammation and neointimal hyperplasia after endovascular injury were significantly attenuated in wild-type mice transplanted with Angptl2(-/-) mouse-derived perivascular adipose tissue compared to wild-type mice transplanted with wild-type tissue. RT-PCR analysis revealed that mouse Angptl2 expression in perivascular adipose tissue was significantly increased by aging, hypercholesterolemia, and endovascular injury, all risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). Immunohistochemical and RT-PCR analysis of tissues from patients with CHD and from non-CHD patients indicated that ANGPTL2 expression in epicardial adipose tissue was unchanged. Interestingly, that analysis also revealed a positive correlation in ANGPTL2 and ADIPONECTIN expression in epicardial adipose tissue of non-CHD patients, a correlation not seen in CHD patients. However, in epicardial adipose tissue from CHD patients, ANGPTL2 expression was positively correlated with that of TNF-α, a correlation was not seen in non-CHD patients. These findings suggest that pro-inflammatory adipokines cooperatively accelerate CHD development and that maintaining a balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines likely protects non-CHD patients from developing CHD. Overall, our studies demonstrate that perivascular adipose tissue-secreted Angptl2 accelerates vascular inflammation and the subsequent CVD development.
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Lord CC, Thomas G, Brown JM. Mammalian alpha beta hydrolase domain (ABHD) proteins: Lipid metabolizing enzymes at the interface of cell signaling and energy metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2013; 1831:792-802. [PMID: 23328280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of lipid metabolism underlies many chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Therefore, understanding enzymatic mechanisms controlling lipid synthesis and degradation is imperative for successful drug discovery for these human diseases. Genes encoding α/β hydrolase fold domain (ABHD) proteins are present in virtually all reported genomes, and conserved structural motifs shared by these proteins predict common roles in lipid synthesis and degradation. However, the physiological substrates and products for these lipid metabolizing enzymes and their broader role in metabolic pathways remain largely uncharacterized. Recently, mutations in several members of the ABHD protein family have been implicated in inherited inborn errors of lipid metabolism. Furthermore, studies in cell and animal models have revealed important roles for ABHD proteins in lipid metabolism, lipid signal transduction, and metabolic disease. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary surrounding the current state of knowledge regarding mammalian ABHD protein family members. In particular, we will discuss how ABHD proteins are ideally suited to act at the interface of lipid metabolism and signal transduction. Although, the current state of knowledge regarding mammalian ABHD proteins is still in its infancy, this review highlights the potential for the ABHD enzymes as being attractive targets for novel therapies targeting metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb C Lord
- Department of Pathology, Section on Lipid Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Gwynneth Thomas
- Department of Pathology, Section on Lipid Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - J Mark Brown
- Department of Pathology, Section on Lipid Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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Nakatsuka A, Wada J, Iseda I, Teshigawara S, Higashio K, Murakami K, Kanzaki M, Inoue K, Terami T, Katayama A, Hida K, Eguchi J, Ogawa D, Matsuki Y, Hiramatsu R, Yagita H, Kakuta S, Iwakura Y, Makino H. Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine proteinase inhibitor inhibits apoptosis of endothelial cells as a ligand for the cell-surface GRP78/voltage-dependent anion channel complex. Circ Res 2013; 112:771-80. [PMID: 23307819 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.111.300049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine proteinase inhibitor (vaspin) is an adipokine identified from visceral adipose tissues of genetically obese rats. OBJECTIVE The role of vaspin in the diabetic vascular complications remains elusive, and we investigated the effects of vaspin on the vascular function under the diabetic milieu. METHODS AND RESULTS Adenovirus carrying the full length of the vaspin gene (Vaspin-Ad) ameliorated intimal proliferation of balloon-injured carotid arteries in diabetic Wistar rats. The expression of Ccl2, Pdgfb, and Pdgfrb genes was significantly reduced by the treatment of Vaspin-Ad. In cuff-injured femoral arteries, the intimal proliferation was ameliorated in vaspin transgenic (Vaspin Tg) mice. The application of recombinant vaspin and Vaspin-Ad promoted the proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis of human aortic endothelial cells. Adenovirus expressing vaspin with calmodulin and streptavidin-binding peptides was applied to human aortic endothelial cells, subjected to tandem tag purification and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and we identified GRP78 (78-kDa glucose-regulated protein) as an interacting molecule. The complex formation of vaspin, GRP78, and voltage-dependent anion channel on the plasma membrane was confirmed by the immunoprecipitation studies using aortas of Vaspin Tg mice. The binding assay using (125)I-vaspin in human aortic endothelial cells revealed high-affinity binding (dissociation constant = 0.565×10(-9) m) by the treatment of 5 μM thapsigargin, which recruited GRP78 from the endoplasmic reticulum to plasma membrane by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. In human aortic endothelial cells, vaspin induced phosphorylation of Akt and inhibited the kringle 5-induced Ca(2+) influx and subsequent apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Vaspin is a novel ligand for the cell-surface GRP78/voltage-dependent anion channel complex in endothelial cells and promotes proliferation, inhibits apoptosis, and protects vascular injuries in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Nakatsuka
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
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Controlling the migration behaviors of vascular smooth muscle cells by methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) brushes of different molecular weight and density. Biomaterials 2011; 33:810-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Long JZ, Cravatt BF. The metabolic serine hydrolases and their functions in mammalian physiology and disease. Chem Rev 2011; 111:6022-63. [PMID: 21696217 DOI: 10.1021/cr200075y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Z Long
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
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Ding X, Yang J, Wang S. Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting Abhydrolase Domain Containing 2 Block Human Hepatitis B Virus Propagation. Oligonucleotides 2011; 21:77-84. [DOI: 10.1089/oli.2011.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Ding
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengqi Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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26
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Suwa A, Yoshino M, Yamazaki C, Naitou M, Fujikawa R, Matsumoto SI, Kurama T, Shimokawa T, Aramori I. RMI1 deficiency in mice protects from diet and genetic-induced obesity. FEBS J 2009; 277:677-86. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07513.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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27
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Jin S, Zhao G, Li Z, Nishimoto Y, Isohama Y, Shen J, Ito T, Takeya M, Araki K, He P, Yamamura KI. Age-related pulmonary emphysema in mice lacking alpha/beta hydrolase domain containing 2 gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 380:419-24. [PMID: 19250629 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.01.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2009] [Accepted: 01/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The alpha/beta hydrolase family genes have been identified as down-regulated genes in human emphysematous lungs. Although proteins in the alpha/beta hydrolase family generally act as enzymes, such as lipases, the specific functions of the Abhd2 protein are unknown. To examine the role of Abhd2 in the lung, we analyzed Abhd2 deficient mice obtained by gene trap mutagenesis. Abhd2 was expressed in the alveolar type II cells. Abhd2 deficiency resulted in a decreased level of phosphatidylcholine in the bronchoalveolar lavage. These mice developed spontaneous gradual progression of emphysema, due to increased macrophage infiltration, increased inflammatory cytokines, a protease/anti-protease imbalance and enhanced apoptosis. This phenotype is more akin to the pace of emphysema that develops in humans. Our findings suggest that derangement in alveolar phospholipid metabolism can induce emphysema, and that Abhd2 plays a critical role in maintaining lung structural integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoude Jin
- Department of Gerontology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Sanhao Street 36, Heping Ward, Shenyang 110004, China
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An unannotated α/β hydrolase superfamily member, ABHD6 differentially expressed among cancer cell lines. Mol Biol Rep 2008; 36:691-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-008-9230-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2007] [Accepted: 03/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Yamamura KI, Araki K. Gene trap mutagenesis in mice: new perspectives and tools in cancer research. Cancer Sci 2008; 99:1-6. [PMID: 17877761 PMCID: PMC11159874 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2007.00611.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2007] [Accepted: 08/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The complete human DNA sequence of the human genome was published in 2004 and we entered the postgenomic era. However, many studies showed that gene function is much more complex than we expected, and that mutation of disease genes does not give any clue for molecular mechanisms for disease development. Since the first report on gene knockout mice in 1989, knockout mice have been shown to be a powerful tool for functional genomics and for the dissection of developmental processes in human diseases. In accordance with this successful application of knockout mice, three major mouse knockout programs are now underway worldwide, to mutate all protein-encoding genes in mouse embryonic stem cells using a combination of gene trapping and gene targeting. We developed the exchangeable gene trap method suitable for large scale mutagenesis in mice. In this method we can produce null mutation and post-insertional modification, enabling replacement of the marker gene with a gene of interest and conditional knockout. We herein discuss the effect of this gene-driven type approach for cancer research, especially for finding the genes that are related to cancer, but are paid little attention in hypothesis-driven cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-ichi Yamamura
- Division of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan.
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Miyata K, Nakayama M, Mizuta S, Hokimoto S, Sugamura K, Oshima S, Oike Y, Sugiyama S, Ogawa H, Yamamura KI. Elevated mature macrophage expression of human ABHD2 gene in vulnerable plaque. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 365:207-13. [PMID: 17980156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.10.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2007] [Accepted: 10/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that the mouse alpha/beta hydrolase domain containing 2 (Abhd2) was expressed in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) which suppressed their migration and inhibited the development of intimal hyperplasia by cuff placement; however, the role of ABHD2 in human remains to be elucidated. In this study, we examined ABHD2 expression in the human coronary atherosclerotic lesions of the patients with unstable angina (UA) and stable angina (SA). Our results showed that the ABHD2 was expressed in atherosclerotic lesions, and that the ABHD2 expression was significantly higher in the patients with UA than with SA. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed abundant expression of ABHD2 in macrophages, but low expression in SMCs of atherosclerotic lesions. Using human vascular primary culture cell lines, we also demonstrated that the expression of ABHD2 was significantly higher in macrophages than in SMCs, and that the expression of ABHD2 significantly increased proportionally with differentiation from monocyte into macrophage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishi Miyata
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
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Matsusaka S, Wakabayashi I. Enhancement of vascular smooth muscle cell migration by urotensin II. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2006; 373:381-6. [PMID: 16896801 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-006-0086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2006] [Accepted: 06/06/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The effects of urotensin II (UII) on migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) were investigated. UII (1-100 nM) significantly increased velocity of HASMC motility in a concentration-dependent manner. Stress-fiber formation and ERK (p44/p42) activity were also increased by UII. U0126 and PD 98059, MEK inhibitors, abolished the effects of UII on motility velocity and stress-fiber formation. These results suggest that UII enhances HASMC migration through activation of an ERK-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Matsusaka
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Iida-Nishi 2-2-2, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
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Matsusaka S, Wakabayashi I. 5-Hydroxytryptamine augments migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells through activation of RhoA and ERK. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 337:916-21. [PMID: 16219295 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.09.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2005] [Accepted: 09/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) action on migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. Migration of cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs), evaluated using time-lapse microscopy, was significantly enhanced by 5-HT at concentrations of 1-100 nM. The enhancing effect of 5-HT on cell migration was markedly inhibited in the presence of ketanserin, a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, but not by GR 55562, a 5-HT1 receptor antagonist. Activities of RhoA and ERK were increased by 5-HT, and the increase in cell migration by 5-HT was abolished in the presence of U0126, a MEK1/2 inhibitor, or Y-27632, a Rho-kinase inhibitor. Activation of ERK was strongly inhibited by Y-27632. 5-HT-induced formation of stress fiber and detachment of uropod (trailing edge) were abolished by Y-27632. Thus, 5-HT has a potent enhancing action on migration of HASMCs due to an increase in stress fiber formation by 5-HT2 receptor stimulation followed by activation of the Rho-kinase and ERK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Matsusaka
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
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