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Yan J, Mehta S, Patel K, Dhupar N, Little N, Ong Tone S. Transcription factor 4 promotes increased corneal endothelial cellular migration by altering microtubules in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10276. [PMID: 38704483 PMCID: PMC11069521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is a complex corneal disease characterized by the progressive decline and morphological changes of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) that leads to corneal edema and vision loss. The most common mutation in FECD is an intronic CTG repeat expansion in transcription factor 4 (TCF4) that leads to its altered expression. Corneal endothelial wound healing occurs primarily through cell enlargement and migration, and FECD CECs have been shown to display increased migration speeds. In this study, we aim to determine whether TCF4 can promote cellular migration in FECD CECs. We generated stable CEC lines derived from FECD patients that overexpressed different TCF4 isoforms and investigated epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) expression, morphological analysis and cellular migration speeds. We found that full length TCF4-B isoform overexpression promotes cellular migration in FECD CECs in an EMT-independent manner. RNA-sequencing identified several pathways including the negative regulation of microtubules, with TUBB4A (tubulin beta 4A class IVa) as the top upregulated gene. TUBB4A expression was increased in FECD ex vivo specimens, and there was altered expression of cytoskeleton proteins, tubulin and actin, compared to normal healthy donor ex vivo specimens. Additionally, there was increased acetylation and detyrosination of microtubules in FECD supporting that microtubule stability is altered in FECD and could promote cellular migration. Future studies could be aimed at investigating if targeting the cytoskeleton and microtubules would have therapeutic potential for FECD by promoting cellular migration and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy Yan
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center and Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, M-wing, 1st Floor, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Shanti Mehta
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center and Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, M-wing, 1st Floor, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Keya Patel
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center and Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, M-wing, 1st Floor, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Narisa Dhupar
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center and Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, M-wing, 1st Floor, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ness Little
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center and Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, M-wing, 1st Floor, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stephan Ong Tone
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center and Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, M-wing, 1st Floor, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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2
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Lu J, Wang M, Wang X, Meng Y, Chen F, Zhuang J, Han Y, Wang H, Liu W. A basement membrane extract-based three-dimensional culture system promotes the neuronal differentiation of cochlear Sox10-positive glial cells in vitro. Mater Today Bio 2024; 24:100937. [PMID: 38269057 PMCID: PMC10805941 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in the mammalian cochleae are essential for the delivery of acoustic information, and damage to SGNs can lead to permanent sensorineural hearing loss as SGNs are not capable of regeneration. Cochlear glial cells (GCs) might be a potential source for SGN regeneration, but the neuronal differentiation ability of GCs is limited and its properties are not clear yet. Here, we characterized the cochlear Sox10-positive (Sox10+) GCs as a neural progenitor population and developed a basement membrane extract-based three-dimensional (BME-3D) culture system to promote its neuronal generation capacity in vitro. Firstly, the purified Sox10+ GCs, isolated from Sox10-creER/tdTomato mice via flow cytometry, were able to form neurospheres after being cultured in the traditional suspension culture system, while significantly more neurospheres were found and the expression of stem cell-related genes was upregulated in the BME-3D culture group. Next, the BME-3D culture system promoted the neuronal differentiation ability of Sox10+ GCs, as evidenced by the increased number, neurite outgrowth, area of growth cones, and synapse density as well as the promoted excitability of newly induced neurons. Notably, the BME-3D culture system also intensified the reinnervation of newly generated neurons with HCs and protected the neurospheres and derived-neurons against cisplatin-induced damage. Finally, transcriptome sequencing analysis was performed to identify the characteristics of the differentiated neurons. These findings suggest that the BME-3D culture system considerably promotes the proliferation capacity and neuronal differentiation efficiency of Sox10+ GCs in vitro, thus providing a possible strategy for the SGN regeneration study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junze Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Man Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhuang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yuechen Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinan, 250022, China
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3
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Zocchi R, Bellacchio E, Piccione M, Scardigli R, D’Oria V, Petrini S, Baranano K, Bertini E, Sferra A. Novel loss of function mutation in TUBA1A gene compromises tubulin stability and proteostasis causing spastic paraplegia and ataxia. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1162363. [PMID: 37435044 PMCID: PMC10332271 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1162363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are dynamic cytoskeletal structures involved in several cellular functions, such as intracellular trafficking, cell division and motility. More than other cell types, neurons rely on the proper functioning of microtubules to conduct their activities and achieve complex morphologies. Pathogenic variants in genes encoding for α and β-tubulins, the structural subunits of microtubules, give rise to a wide class of neurological disorders collectively known as "tubulinopathies" and mainly involving a wide and overlapping range of brain malformations resulting from defective neuronal proliferation, migration, differentiation and axon guidance. Although tubulin mutations have been classically linked to neurodevelopmental defects, growing evidence demonstrates that perturbations of tubulin functions and activities may also drive neurodegeneration. In this study, we causally link the previously unreported missense mutation p.I384N in TUBA1A, one of the neuron-specific α-tubulin isotype I, to a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive spastic paraplegia and ataxia. We demonstrate that, in contrast to the p.R402H substitution, which is one of the most recurrent TUBA1A pathogenic variants associated to lissencephaly, the present mutation impairs TUBA1A stability, reducing the abundance of TUBA1A available in the cell and preventing its incorporation into microtubules. We also show that the isoleucine at position 384 is an amino acid residue, which is critical for α-tubulin stability, since the introduction of the p.I384N substitution in three different tubulin paralogs reduces their protein level and assembly into microtubules, increasing their propensity to aggregation. Moreover, we demonstrate that the inhibition of the proteasome degradative systems increases the protein levels of TUBA1A mutant, promoting the formation of tubulin aggregates that, as their size increases, coalesce into inclusions that precipitate within the insoluble cellular fraction. Overall, our data describe a novel pathogenic effect of p.I384N mutation that differs from the previously described substitutions in TUBA1A, and expand both phenotypic and mutational spectrum related to this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Zocchi
- Unit of Neuromuscular Disorders, Translational Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bellacchio
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Piccione
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCSS, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Scardigli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), Rome, Italy
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI) “Rita Levi-Montalcini,” Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina D’Oria
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCSS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCSS, Rome, Italy
| | - Kristin Baranano
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular Disorders, Translational Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Sferra
- Unit of Neuromuscular Disorders, Translational Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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4
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Gao S, Wang S, Zhao Z, Zhang C, Liu Z, Ye P, Xu Z, Yi B, Jiao K, Naik GA, Wei S, Rais-Bahrami S, Bae S, Yang WH, Sonpavde G, Liu R, Wang L. TUBB4A interacts with MYH9 to protect the nucleus during cell migration and promotes prostate cancer via GSK3β/β-catenin signalling. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2792. [PMID: 35589707 PMCID: PMC9120517 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human tubulin beta class IVa (TUBB4A) is a member of the β-tubulin family. In most normal tissues, expression of TUBB4A is little to none, but it is highly expressed in human prostate cancer. Here we show that high expression levels of TUBB4A are associated with aggressive prostate cancers and poor patient survival, especially for African-American men. Additionally, in prostate cancer cells, TUBB4A knockout (KO) reduces cell growth and migration but induces DNA damage through increased γH2AX and 53BP1. Furthermore, during constricted cell migration, TUBB4A interacts with MYH9 to protect the nucleus, but either TUBB4A KO or MYH9 knockdown leads to severe DNA damage and reduces the NF-κB signaling response. Also, TUBB4A KO retards tumor growth and metastasis. Functional analysis reveals that TUBB4A/GSK3β binds to the N-terminal of MYH9, and that TUBB4A KO reduces MYH9-mediated GSK3β ubiquitination and degradation, leading to decreased activation of β-catenin signaling and its relevant epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Likewise, prostate-specific deletion of Tubb4a reduces spontaneous tumor growth and metastasis via inhibition of NF-κB, cyclin D1, and c-MYC signaling activation. Our results suggest an oncogenic role of TUBB4A and provide a potentially actionable therapeutic target for prostate cancers with TUBB4A overexpression. The β-tubulin family protein TUBB4A is highly expressed in cancer but it’s molecular role is unclear. Here, the authors show that TUBB4A is required to protect the nucleus from genomic instability during migration and that it’s over expression promotes cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shuaibin Wang
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zhiying Zhao
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zhicao Liu
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ping Ye
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zhifang Xu
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Baozhu Yi
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kai Jiao
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gurudatta A Naik
- Department of O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shi Wei
- Department of O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Soroush Rais-Bahrami
- Department of O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sejong Bae
- Department of O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Wei-Hsiung Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA
| | | | - Runhua Liu
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. .,Department of O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Lizhong Wang
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. .,Department of O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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5
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Krajka V, Vulinovic F, Genova M, Tanzer K, Jijumon AS, Bodakuntla S, Tennstedt S, Mueller-Fielitz H, Meier B, Janke C, Klein C, Rakovic A. H-ABC- and dystonia-causing TUBB4A mutations show distinct pathogenic effects. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabj9229. [PMID: 35275727 PMCID: PMC8916731 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj9229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the brain-specific β-tubulin 4A (TUBB4A) gene cause a broad spectrum of diseases, ranging from dystonia (DYT-TUBB4A) to hypomyelination with atrophy of the basal ganglia and cerebellum (H-ABC). Currently, the mechanisms of how TUBB4A variants lead to this pleiotropic manifestation remain elusive. Here, we investigated whether TUBB4A mutations causing either DYT-TUBB4A (p.R2G and p.Q424H) or H-ABC (p.R2W and p.D249N) exhibit differential effects at the molecular and cellular levels. Using live-cell imaging of disease-relevant oligodendrocytes and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy of whole-cell lysates, we observed divergent impact on microtubule polymerization and microtubule integration, partially reflecting the observed pleiotropy. Moreover, in silico simulations demonstrated that the mutants rarely adopted a straight heterodimer conformation in contrast to wild type. In conclusion, for most of the examined variants, we deciphered potential molecular disease mechanisms that may lead to the diverse clinical manifestations and phenotype severity across and within each TUBB4A-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Krajka
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Microtechnology (IMT), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Franca Vulinovic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mariya Genova
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3348, 91401 Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3348, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Kerstin Tanzer
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - A. S. Jijumon
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3348, 91401 Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3348, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Satish Bodakuntla
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3348, 91401 Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3348, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Stephanie Tennstedt
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- University Heart Center Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Helge Mueller-Fielitz
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Britta Meier
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Carsten Janke
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3348, 91401 Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3348, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Aleksandar Rakovic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
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6
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Microtubule Dysfunction: A Common Feature of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197354. [PMID: 33027950 PMCID: PMC7582320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons are particularly susceptible to microtubule (MT) defects and deregulation of the MT cytoskeleton is considered to be a common insult during the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Evidence that dysfunctions in the MT system have a direct role in neurodegeneration comes from findings that several forms of neurodegenerative diseases are associated with changes in genes encoding tubulins, the structural units of MTs, MT-associated proteins (MAPs), or additional factors such as MT modifying enzymes which modulating tubulin post-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate MT functions and dynamics. Efforts to use MT-targeting therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases are underway. Many of these agents have provided several benefits when tested on both in vitro and in vivo neurodegenerative model systems. Currently, the most frequently addressed therapeutic interventions include drugs that modulate MT stability or that target tubulin PTMs, such as tubulin acetylation. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the relevance of MT dysfunctions to the process of neurodegeneration and briefly discuss advances in the use of MT-targeting drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Bally JF, Camargos S, Oliveira Dos Santos C, Kern DS, Lee T, Pereira da Silva-Junior F, Puga RD, Cardoso F, Barbosa ER, Yadav R, Ozelius LJ, de Carvalho Aguiar P, Lang AE. DYT-TUBB4A (DYT4 Dystonia): New Clinical and Genetic Observations. Neurology 2020; 96:e1887-e1897. [PMID: 32943487 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000010882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report 4 novel TUBB4A mutations leading to laryngeal and cervical dystonia with frequent generalization. METHODS We screened 4 families including a total of 11 definitely affected members with a clinical picture resembling the original description. RESULTS Four novel variants in the TUBB4A gene have been identified: D295N, R46M, Q424H, and R121W. In silico modeling showed that all variants have characteristics similar to R2G. The variants segregate with the disease in 3 of the families with evidence of incomplete penetrance in 2 of them. All 4 variants would be classified as likely pathogenic. The clinical picture particularly included laryngeal dystonia (often the site of onset), associated with cervical and upper limb dystonia and frequent generalization. Laryngeal dystonia was extremely prevalent (>90%) both in the original cases and in this case series. The hobby horse gait was evident in only 1 patient in this case series. CONCLUSIONS Our interpretation is that laryngeal involvement is a hallmark feature of DYT-TUBB4A. Nevertheless, TUBB4A mutations remain an exceedingly rare cause of laryngeal or other isolated dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien F Bally
- From the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic (J.F.B., A.E.L.), Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (J.F.B.), University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine (S.C., F.C.), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (C.O.d.S., R.D.P., P.d.C.A.), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departments of Neurology (D.S.K., T.L.) and Neurosurgery (D.S.K.), University of Colorado School of Medicine; Aurora; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (F.P.d.S.-J., E.R.B., P.d.C.A.), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; and Department of Neurology (R.Y., L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Bally is currently at Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Camargos
- From the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic (J.F.B., A.E.L.), Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (J.F.B.), University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine (S.C., F.C.), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (C.O.d.S., R.D.P., P.d.C.A.), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departments of Neurology (D.S.K., T.L.) and Neurosurgery (D.S.K.), University of Colorado School of Medicine; Aurora; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (F.P.d.S.-J., E.R.B., P.d.C.A.), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; and Department of Neurology (R.Y., L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Bally is currently at Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Camila Oliveira Dos Santos
- From the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic (J.F.B., A.E.L.), Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (J.F.B.), University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine (S.C., F.C.), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (C.O.d.S., R.D.P., P.d.C.A.), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departments of Neurology (D.S.K., T.L.) and Neurosurgery (D.S.K.), University of Colorado School of Medicine; Aurora; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (F.P.d.S.-J., E.R.B., P.d.C.A.), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; and Department of Neurology (R.Y., L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Bally is currently at Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Drew S Kern
- From the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic (J.F.B., A.E.L.), Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (J.F.B.), University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine (S.C., F.C.), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (C.O.d.S., R.D.P., P.d.C.A.), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departments of Neurology (D.S.K., T.L.) and Neurosurgery (D.S.K.), University of Colorado School of Medicine; Aurora; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (F.P.d.S.-J., E.R.B., P.d.C.A.), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; and Department of Neurology (R.Y., L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Bally is currently at Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Teresa Lee
- From the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic (J.F.B., A.E.L.), Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (J.F.B.), University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine (S.C., F.C.), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (C.O.d.S., R.D.P., P.d.C.A.), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departments of Neurology (D.S.K., T.L.) and Neurosurgery (D.S.K.), University of Colorado School of Medicine; Aurora; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (F.P.d.S.-J., E.R.B., P.d.C.A.), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; and Department of Neurology (R.Y., L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Bally is currently at Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francisco Pereira da Silva-Junior
- From the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic (J.F.B., A.E.L.), Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (J.F.B.), University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine (S.C., F.C.), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (C.O.d.S., R.D.P., P.d.C.A.), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departments of Neurology (D.S.K., T.L.) and Neurosurgery (D.S.K.), University of Colorado School of Medicine; Aurora; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (F.P.d.S.-J., E.R.B., P.d.C.A.), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; and Department of Neurology (R.Y., L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Bally is currently at Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Renato David Puga
- From the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic (J.F.B., A.E.L.), Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (J.F.B.), University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine (S.C., F.C.), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (C.O.d.S., R.D.P., P.d.C.A.), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departments of Neurology (D.S.K., T.L.) and Neurosurgery (D.S.K.), University of Colorado School of Medicine; Aurora; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (F.P.d.S.-J., E.R.B., P.d.C.A.), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; and Department of Neurology (R.Y., L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Bally is currently at Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francisco Cardoso
- From the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic (J.F.B., A.E.L.), Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (J.F.B.), University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine (S.C., F.C.), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (C.O.d.S., R.D.P., P.d.C.A.), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departments of Neurology (D.S.K., T.L.) and Neurosurgery (D.S.K.), University of Colorado School of Medicine; Aurora; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (F.P.d.S.-J., E.R.B., P.d.C.A.), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; and Department of Neurology (R.Y., L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Bally is currently at Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Egberto Reis Barbosa
- From the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic (J.F.B., A.E.L.), Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (J.F.B.), University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine (S.C., F.C.), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (C.O.d.S., R.D.P., P.d.C.A.), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departments of Neurology (D.S.K., T.L.) and Neurosurgery (D.S.K.), University of Colorado School of Medicine; Aurora; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (F.P.d.S.-J., E.R.B., P.d.C.A.), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; and Department of Neurology (R.Y., L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Bally is currently at Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rachita Yadav
- From the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic (J.F.B., A.E.L.), Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (J.F.B.), University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine (S.C., F.C.), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (C.O.d.S., R.D.P., P.d.C.A.), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departments of Neurology (D.S.K., T.L.) and Neurosurgery (D.S.K.), University of Colorado School of Medicine; Aurora; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (F.P.d.S.-J., E.R.B., P.d.C.A.), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; and Department of Neurology (R.Y., L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Bally is currently at Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurie J Ozelius
- From the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic (J.F.B., A.E.L.), Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (J.F.B.), University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine (S.C., F.C.), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (C.O.d.S., R.D.P., P.d.C.A.), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departments of Neurology (D.S.K., T.L.) and Neurosurgery (D.S.K.), University of Colorado School of Medicine; Aurora; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (F.P.d.S.-J., E.R.B., P.d.C.A.), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; and Department of Neurology (R.Y., L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Bally is currently at Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patricia de Carvalho Aguiar
- From the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic (J.F.B., A.E.L.), Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (J.F.B.), University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine (S.C., F.C.), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (C.O.d.S., R.D.P., P.d.C.A.), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departments of Neurology (D.S.K., T.L.) and Neurosurgery (D.S.K.), University of Colorado School of Medicine; Aurora; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (F.P.d.S.-J., E.R.B., P.d.C.A.), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; and Department of Neurology (R.Y., L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Bally is currently at Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anthony E Lang
- From the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic (J.F.B., A.E.L.), Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (J.F.B.), University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine (S.C., F.C.), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (C.O.d.S., R.D.P., P.d.C.A.), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departments of Neurology (D.S.K., T.L.) and Neurosurgery (D.S.K.), University of Colorado School of Medicine; Aurora; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (F.P.d.S.-J., E.R.B., P.d.C.A.), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; and Department of Neurology (R.Y., L.J.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Dr. Bally is currently at Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
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8
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Vulinovic F, Krajka V, Hausrat TJ, Seibler P, Alvarez-Fischer D, Madoev H, Park JS, Kumar KR, Sue CM, Lohmann K, Kneussel M, Klein C, Rakovic A. Motor protein binding and mitochondrial transport are altered by pathogenic TUBB4A variants. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1901-1915. [PMID: 30079973 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in TUBB4A have been identified to cause a wide phenotypic spectrum of diseases ranging from hereditary generalized dystonia with whispering dysphonia (DYT-TUBB4A) and hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) to leukodystrophy hypomyelination with atrophy of the basal ganglia and cerebellum (H-ABC). TUBB4A encodes the brain-specific β-tubulin isotype, β-tubulin 4A. To elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms conferred by TUBB4A mutations leading to the different phenotypes, we functionally characterized three pathogenic TUBB4A variants (c.4C>G,p.R2G; c.745G>A,p.D249N; c.811G>A, p.A271T) as representatives of the mutational and disease spectrum) in human neuroblastoma cells and human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons. We showed that mRNA stability was not affected by any of the TUBB4A variants. Although two mutations (p.R2G and p.D249N) are located at the α/β-tubulin interdimer interface, we confirmed incorporation of all TUBB4A mutants into the microtubule network. However, we showed that the mutations p.D249N and p.A271T interfered with motor protein binding to microtubules and impaired neurite outgrowth and microtubule dynamics. Finally, TUBB4A mutations, as well as heterozygous knockout of TUBB4A, disrupted mitochondrial transport in iPSC-derived neurons. Taken together, our findings suggest that functional impairment of microtubule-associated transport is a shared pathogenic mechanism by which the TUBB4A mutations studied here cause a spectrum of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Vulinovic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Victor Krajka
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Torben J Hausrat
- Institute of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Harutyun Madoev
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jin-Sung Park
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and the University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kishore R Kumar
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and the University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and the University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Matthias Kneussel
- Institute of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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9
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Urai Y, Yamawaki M, Watanabe N, Seki Y, Morimoto T, Tago K, Homma K, Sakagami H, Miyamoto Y, Yamauchi J. Pull down assay for GTP-bound form of Sar1a reveals its activation during morphological differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2047-2053. [PMID: 30078678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.07.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular molecular transport system is a basic and general cellular mechanism that is regulated by an array of signaling molecules. Sar1 small GTPases are molecules that play a key role in controlling vehicle transport between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi bodies. Like other small GTPases, the activities of Sar1a depend on their guanine-nucleotide-binding states, which are regulated by guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). Despite the well-known function of mammalian Sar1 in the intracellular transport system, little is known about when and how Sar1 is activated during cell morphological changes. Here we show that the C-terminal, but not the N-terminal, regions of Sec23A and Sec23B, the effector proteins of Sar1a, specifically bind to the active, GTP-bound form of Sar1a. An affinity precipitation (pull-down) assay using a recombinant C-terminal region of Sec23B reveals that Sar1a is activated following differentiation in neuronal cell lines. In neuronal N1E-115 cells, GTP-bound Sar1a is increased when cells elongate neuronal processes. Similar results are observed in morphological differentiation in oligodendroglial FBD-102b cells. Additionally, prolactin regulatory element binding (PREB), the GEF for Sar1 (Sar1 activator), increases the binding ability to the nucleotide-free form of Sar1a when morphological differentiation occurs. Nucleotide-free small GTPases preferentially interact with the cognate, active GEFs. These results provide evidence that using previously unreported pull down assays reveals that Sar1 and PREB are upregulated following the induction of morphological differentiation, suggesting the potential role of signaling through Sar1a during morphological differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Urai
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Minami Yamawaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Natsumi Watanabe
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yoich Seki
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Takako Morimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kenji Tago
- Division of Structural Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Keiichi Homma
- Department of Life Science and Informatics, Maebashi Institute of Technology, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-0816, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sakagami
- Department of Anatomy, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0734, Japan
| | - Yuki Miyamoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Junji Yamauchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
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10
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Abstract
Within the field of movement disorders, the conceptual understanding of dystonia has continued to evolve. Clinical advances have included improvements in recognition of certain features of dystonia, such as tremor, and understanding of phenotypic spectrums in the genetic dystonias and dystonia terminology and classification. Progress has also been made in the understanding of underlying biological processes which characterize dystonia from discoveries using approaches such as neurophysiology, functional imaging, genetics, and animal models. Important advances include the role of the cerebellum in dystonia, the concept of dystonia as an aberrant brain network disorder, additional evidence supporting the concept of dystonia endophenotypes, and new insights into psychogenic dystonia. These discoveries have begun to shape treatment approaches as, in parallel, important new treatment modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound, have emerged and existing interventions such as deep brain stimulation have been further refined. In this review, these topics are explored and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Tisch
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Neurology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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