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Yin Y, Wang Y, Wang C, Zhang Y, Qi A, Song J, Xu L, Yang W, Jiao L. Predicting the mechanism of action of YQYYJD prescription in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer using transcriptomics analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117984. [PMID: 38428661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The efficacy of the herbal formula Yiqi Yangyin Jiedu (YQYYJD) in the treatment of advanced lung cancer has been reported in clinical trials. However, the key anti-lung cancer herbs and molecular mechanisms underlying its inhibition of lung cancer are not well-understood. AIM OF THE STUDY To identify the key anti-lung cancer herbs in the YQYYJD formula and investigate their therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of action in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using transcriptomics and bioinformatics techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS A mouse Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) subcutaneous inhibitory tumor model was established with 6 mice in each group. Mice were treated with the YQYYJD split formula: Yiqi Formula (YQ), Yangyin Formula (YY), and Ruanjian Jiedu Formula (RJJD) for 14 days. The tumor volume and mouse weight were recorded, and the status of tumor occurrence was further observed by taking photos. The tumor was stained with hematoxylin-eosin to observe its histopathological changes. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 and the apoptotic marker Caspase-3 in tumor tissues. Flow cytometry was used to detect the number of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and cytokines interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in the spleen and tumor tissues. The differential genes of key drugs against tumors were obtained by transcriptome sequencing of tumors. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed on differential genes to obtain pathways and biological processes where targets were aggregated. TIMER2.0 and TISIDB databases were used to evaluate the impact of drugs on immune cell infiltration and immune-related genes. The binding activity of the key targets and compounds was verified by molecular docking. RESULTS YQ, YY, and RJJD inhibited the growth of subcutaneous transplanted tumors in LLC mice to varying degrees and achieved antitumor effects by inhibiting the expression of tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis-related proteins. Among the three disassembled prescriptions, YQ better inhibited the growth of subcutaneous transplanted tumors in LLC mice, significantly promoted tumor necrosis, significantly increased the expression of Caspase-3 protein in tumor tissue, and significantly decreased the expression of Ki-67 (P < 0.05), thereby increasing the infiltration of CD8+ T cells. YQ significantly increased the expression of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in tumor and splenic tissues of tumor-bearing mice and up-regulated the expression of IL-2 and IFN-γ. Transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics results showed that after YQ intervention, differentially expressed genes were enriched in more than one tumor-related pathway and multiple immune regulation-related biological functions. There were 12 key immune-related target genes. CONCLUSION YQ was the key disassembled prescription of YQYYJD, exerting significant antitumor effects and immune regulation effects on NSCLC. It may have relieved T cell exhaustion and regulated the immune microenvironment to exert antitumor effects by changing lung cancer-related targets, pathways, and biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Yin
- Department of Oncology, Yue Yang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yue Yang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Jing'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Yue Yang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ao Qi
- Department of Oncology, Yue Yang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajun Song
- Department of Oncology, Yue Yang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Oncology, Yue Yang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Translational Cancer Research for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxiao Yang
- Department of Oncology, Yue Yang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lijing Jiao
- Department of Oncology, Yue Yang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Translational Cancer Research for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Lin Y, Wang H, Xu S, Liu C, Zhang C. Pharmacokinetic and oral bioavailability study of schaftoside in rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2024:e5892. [PMID: 38769722 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive LC-tandem mass spectrometry method was established and validated for the determination of schaftoside in rat plasma. After prepared by protein precipitation with acetonitrile, schaftoside and internal standard were separated on a Waters HSS T3 column using acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid and 0.1% formic acid in water as the mobile phase by gradient elution. The method showed excellent linearity over the range of 0.5-500 ng/mL with acceptable intra- and inter-day precision, accuracy, matrix effect, and recovery. The stability assay indicated that schaftoside was stable during the sample acquisition, preparation, and storage. The method was applied to a pharmacokinetic study of schaftoside in rats. The result suggested that after intravenous administration at a dose of 1 mg/kg, schaftoside was quickly eliminated from the plasma with an elimination half-life of 0.58 h. After oral administration at doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, schaftoside was quickly absorbed into the plasma and reached the peak concentration (Cmax) of 45.1-104.99 ng/mL at 0.67-1.17 h. The increase of exposure (area under the curve) was linear with the increase of dose. The oral bioavailability was 0.42%-0.71% in the range of 5-20 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Lin
- Wenling Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenling, China
| | - Hongqiang Wang
- Fuyang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Fuyang, China
| | - Shihui Xu
- Fuyang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Fuyang, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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El-Sayed MH, Abdellatif MM, Mostafa HM, Elsehemy IA, Kobisi AENA. Biodegradation and antimicrobial capability-induced heavy metal resistance of the marine-derived actinomycetes Nocardia harenae JJB5 and Amycolatopsis marina JJB11. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:202. [PMID: 38743315 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Currently, heavy metal-resistant (HMR) marine actinomycetes have attracted much attention worldwide due to their unique capabilities. In this study, 27 marine-derived actinomycetes were isolated from coastal beaches in the Arabian Gulf of Al-Jubail in Saudi Arabia and screened for resistance to 100 mg/L of the heavy metals Cd2+, Cr6+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Ni2+ using different assay techniques. Six isolates were selected as HMRs, of which two isolates, JJB5 and JJB11, exhibited the highest maximum tolerance concentrations (200- > 300 mg/L). Both isolates were the highest among six-HMR screened for their biodegradation potential of plastics low-density polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride, recording the highest weight loss (15 ± 1.22 - 65 ± 1.2%) in their thin films. They also showed the highest biodegradability of the pesticides acetamiprid, chlordane, hexachlorocyclohexane, indoxacarb and lindane, indicating promising removal capacities (95.70-100%) for acetamiprid and indoxacarb using HPLC analysis. Additionally, the cell-free filtrate (CFF) of both isolates displayed the highest antimicrobial activity among the six-HMR screened against a variety of microbial test strains, recording the highest inhibition zone diameters (13.76 ± 0.66 - 26.0 ± 1.13 mm). GC‒MS analyses of the ethyl acetate extract of their CFFs revealed the presence of diverse chemical compounds with a multitude of remarkable biological activities. Based on their spore morphology and wall-chemotype, they were assigned to the nocardioform-actinomycetes. Furthermore, their phenotypic characteristics, together with 16S rRNA gene sequencing (OR121525-OR121526), revealed them as Nocardia harenae JJB5 and Amycolatopsis marina JJB11. Our results suggest that marine HMR actinomycetes are promising candidates for various biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H El-Sayed
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts-Rafha, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
| | - Muaz M Abdellatif
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts-Rafha, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Howayada M Mostafa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts-Rafha, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Islam A Elsehemy
- Department of Natural and Microbial Products Chemistry, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Zeng S, Wang Z, Shi D, Yu F, Liu T, Peng T, Bi G, Yan J, Wang Y. The high-quality genome of Grona styracifolia uncovers the genomic mechanism of high levels of schaftoside, a promising drug candidate for treatment of COVID-19. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae089. [PMID: 38799125 PMCID: PMC11119794 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Recent study has evidenced that traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) plant-derived schaftoside shows promise as a potential drug candidate for COVID-19 treatment. However, the biosynthetic pathway of schaftoside in TCM plants remains unknown. In this study, the genome of the TCM herb Grona styracifolia (Osbeck) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi (GSO), which is rich in schaftoside, was sequenced, and a high-quality assembly of GSO genome was obtained. Our findings revealed that GSO did not undergo recent whole genome duplication (WGD) but shared an ancestral papilionoid polyploidy event, leading to the gene expansion of chalcone synthase (CHS) and isoflavone 2'-hydroxylase (HIDH). Furthermore, GSO-specific tandem gene duplication resulted in the gene expansion of C-glucosyltransferase (CGT). Integrative analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome identified 13 CGTs and eight HIDHs involved in the biosynthetic pathway of schaftoside. Functional studies indicated that CGTs and HIDHs identified here are bona fide responsible for the biosynthesis of schaftoside in GSO, as confirmed through hairy root transgenic system and in vitro enzyme activity assay. Taken together, the ancestral papilionoid polyploidy event expanding CHSs and HIDHs, along with the GSO-specific tandem duplication of CGT, contributes, partially if not completely, to the robust biosynthesis of schaftoside in GSO. These findings provide insights into the genomic mechanisms underlying the abundant biosynthesis of schaftoside in GSO, highlighting the potential of GSO as a source of bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, South China National Botanical Garden, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, South China National Botanical Garden, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dingding Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, South China National Botanical Garden, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fangqin Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, South China National Botanical Garden, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, South China National Botanical Garden, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Ting Peng
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Guiqi Bi
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Jianbin Yan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, South China National Botanical Garden, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Lu D, Liu W, Yang H, Zong Y, Sun J, Sun X, Song S, Liu M, Kan J, Che C. Schaftoside reduces inflammation in Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis through the inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88 pathway. Cytokine 2024; 175:156483. [PMID: 38159472 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this research study was to investigate the impact of schaftoside on Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) keratitis and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. METHODS In order to establish safe experimental concentrations of schaftoside in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs), RAW264.7 cells, and mouse models, various techniques were employed including cytotoxicity assay (CCK-8) assay, cell scratch assay, and Draize test. The therapeutic effect of schaftoside was assessed using slit-lamp biomicroscopy, clinical scores, as well as determination of neutrophil infiltration through hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, immunofluorescence (IF) staining, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay. The levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), pro-inflammatory mediators interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-6 were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting, and IF techniques. RESULTS Schaftoside at a concentration of 160 μM displayed no harmful side effects on HCECs, RAW cells, and mouse corneas, rendering it suitable for further experiments. In a murine fungal keratitis model, schaftoside mitigated the severity of fungal keratitis by inhibiting neutrophil infiltration and reducing MPO activity. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that schaftoside treatment suppressed the upregulation of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression, while also downregulating the expressions of TLR4 as well as MyD88 at both mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSIONS Schaftoside demonstrated a protective effect against A. fumigatus keratitis by reducing corneal damage through inhibition of neutrophil recruitment and downstream inflammatory cytokines. The anti-inflammatory properties of schaftoside in A. fumigatus keratitis may involve modulation of the TLR4/MyD88 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danli Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenting Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yao Zong
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jintao Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shiqi Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengzhu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingze Kan
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengye Che
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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He M, Yasin K, Yu S, Li J, Xia L. Total Flavonoids in Artemisia absinthium L. and Evaluation of Its Anticancer Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16348. [PMID: 38003540 PMCID: PMC10671751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
To overcome the shortcomings of traditional extraction methods, such as long extraction time and low efficiency, and considering the low content and high complexity of total flavonoids in Artemisia absinthium L., in this experiment, we adopted ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis to improve the yield of total flavonoids, and combined this with molecular docking and network pharmacology to predict its core constituent targets, so as to evaluate its antitumor activity. The content of total flavonoids in Artemisia absinthium L. reached 3.80 ± 0.13%, and the main components included Astragalin, Cynaroside, Ononin, Rutin, Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, Diosmetin, Isorhamnetin, and Luteolin. Cynaroside and Astragalin exert their cervical cancer inhibitory functions by regulating several signaling proteins (e.g., EGFR, STAT3, CCND1, IGFIR, ESR1). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that the anticancer activity of both compounds was associated with the ErbB signaling pathway and FoxO signaling pathway. MTT results showed that total flavonoids of Artemisia absinthium L. and its active components (Cynaroside and Astragalin) significantly inhibited the growth of HeLa cells in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 of 396.0 ± 54.2 μg/mL and 449.0 ± 54.8 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, its active components can mediate apoptosis by inducing the accumulation of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (M.H.); (K.Y.); (S.Y.)
| | - Lijie Xia
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (M.H.); (K.Y.); (S.Y.)
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Shi R, Gao D, Stoika R, Liu K, Sik A, Jin M. Potential implications of polyphenolic compounds in neurodegenerative diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5491-5514. [PMID: 36524397 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2155106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are common chronic diseases related to progressive damage to the nervous system. Current neurodegenerative diseases present difficulties and despite extensive research efforts to develop new disease-modifying therapies, there is still no effective treatment for halting the neurodegenerative process. Polyphenols are biologically active organic compounds abundantly found in various plants. It has been reported that plant-derived dietary polyphenols may improve some disease states and promote health. Emerging pieces of evidence indicate that polyphenols are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims to overview the potential neuroprotective roles of polyphenols in most common neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruidie Shi
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Daili Gao
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rostyslav Stoika
- Department of Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Attila Sik
- Institute of Transdisciplinary Discoveries, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Meng Jin
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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Lee KW, Kim M, Lee SH, Kim KD. The Function of Autophagy as a Regulator of Melanin Homeostasis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132085. [PMID: 35805169 PMCID: PMC9265842 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanosomes are melanocyte-specific organelles that protect cells from ultraviolet (UV)-induced deoxyribonucleic acid damage through the production and accumulation of melanin and are transferred from melanocytes to keratinocytes. The relatively well-known process by which melanin is synthesized from melanocytes is known as melanogenesis. The relationship between melanogenesis and autophagy is attracting the attention of researchers because proteins associated with autophagy, such as WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3, autophagy-related (ATG)7, ATG4, beclin-1, and UV-radiation resistance-associated gene, contribute to the melanogenesis signaling pathway. Additionally, there are reports that some compounds used as whitening cosmetics materials induce skin depigmentation through autophagy. Thus, the possibility that autophagy is involved in the removal of melanin has been suggested. To date, however, there is a lack of data on melanosome autophagy and its underlying mechanism. This review highlights the importance of autophagy in melanin homeostasis by providing an overview of melanogenesis, autophagy, the autophagy machinery involved in melanogenesis, and natural compounds that induce autophagy-mediated depigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Won Lee
- PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Minju Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (M.K.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Si Hyeon Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (M.K.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Kwang Dong Kim
- PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (M.K.); (S.H.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-772-1365; Fax: +82-55-772-1359
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Amorphigenin from Amorpha fruticosa L. Root Extract Induces Autophagy-Mediated Melanosome Degradation in mTOR-Independent- and AMPK-Dependent Manner. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:2856-2867. [PMID: 35877420 PMCID: PMC9318381 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44070196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the depigmentation effect of Amorpha fruticosa L. root extract (RE), an herbal medicine. A. fruticosa RE significantly induced depigmentation in α-MSH-treated B16F10 cells at noncytotoxic concentrations. Further, the RE decreased the protein levels of the melanosomal proteins Tyr and Pmel without decreasing their transcript levels. We found that MG132, a proteasome complex inhibitor, was unable to rescue the protein levels, but PepA/E-64D (a lysosomal enzyme inhibitor), 3-MA (a representative autophagy inhibitor), and ATG5 knockdown effectively rescued the protein levels and inhibited the depigmentation effect following RE treatment. Among rotenoids, amorphigenin composed in the RE was identified as a functional chemical that could induce depigmentation; whereas rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor and a nonselective autophagy inducer, could not induce depigmentation, and amorphigenin effectively induced depigmentation through the degradation of melanosomal proteins. Amorphigenin activated AMPK without affecting mTOR, and knockdown of AMPK offset the whitening effect through degradation of melanosome proteins by amorphigenin. Results from this study suggested that amorphigenin can induce degradation of the melanosome through an AMPK-dependent autophagy process, and has the potential to be used as a depigmentation agent for the treatment of hyperpigmentation.
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Identification of Potential RBPJ-Specific Inhibitors for Blocking Notch Signaling in Breast Cancer Using a Drug Repurposing Strategy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050556. [PMID: 35631382 PMCID: PMC9146688 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is a key parameter in regulating cell fate during tissue homeostasis, and an aberrant Notch pathway can result in mammary gland carcinoma and has been associated with poor breast cancer diagnosis. Although inhibiting Notch signaling would be advantageous in the treatment of breast cancer, the currently available Notch inhibitors have a variety of side effects and their clinical trials have been discontinued. Thus, in search of a more effective and safer Notch inhibitor, inhibiting recombinant signal binding protein for immunoglobin kappaJ region (RBPJ) specifically makes sense, as RBPJ forms a transcriptional complex that activates Notch signaling. From our established database of more than 10,527 compounds, a drug repurposing strategy-combined docking study and molecular dynamic simulation were used to identify novel RBPJ-specific inhibitors. The compounds with the best performance were examined using an in vitro cellular assay and an in vivo anticancer investigation. Finally, an FDA-approved antibiotic, fidaxomicin, was identified as a potential RBPJ inhibitor, and its ability to block RBPJ-dependent transcription and thereby inhibit breast cancer growth was experimentally verified. Our study demonstrated that fidaxomicin suppressed Notch signaling and may be repurposed for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Su F, Sun Y, Zhu W, Bai C, Zhang W, Luo Y, Yang B, Kuang H, Wang Q. A comprehensive review of research progress on the genus Arisaema: Botany, uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity and pharmacokinetics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114798. [PMID: 34780984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Arisaema belongs to the family Araceae, which includes Chinese herbal medicines with wide-ranging pharmacological functions, including those useful for the treatment of stubborn phlegm, cough, epilepsy, tetanus, snakebite, rheumatoid arthritis, and other ailments. AIM OF THE STUDY The current study aimed to comprehensively review the botany, uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, quality control and pharmacokinetics of plants in the genus Arisaema and to provide novel insights to develop future research in this field. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant information on the genus Arisaema was obtained from published scientific materials (including materials from PubMed, Elsevier, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, CNKI, and Wiley) and other literature sources (e.g., the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, 2020 edition; Chinese herbal books and PhD and MSc thesis). RESULTS The application information complied with this review and included processing techniques, traditional uses, clinical applications and classic prescriptions. Approximately 260 compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, saccharides, steroids, fatty acids, amino acids and volatile oils, have been separated and identified from the genus Arisaema. The isolated compounds exhibit wide-ranging pharmacological activities such as antitumor activity, analgesic and sedative activity, antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity. The toxicity and irritant impacts, quality control, and pharmacokinetics are also discussed in this review. CONCLUSIONS Plants in the genus Arisaema are valuable resources with therapeutic potential for a broad spectrum of ailments. Based on the limited literature, this review comprehensively and systematically summarizes current knowledge regarding the genus Arisaema for the first time. However, there have been insufficient studies on the active ingredients and germplasm and insufficient in-depth mechanistic studies. Therefore, isolation and identification of additional effective components and through research on the germplasm, pharmacodynamic mechanisms, and toxicology should be conducted to assess effectiveness and safety and to ensure the quality of the related drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazhi Su
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Material Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yanping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Material Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Wenbo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Material Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Chenxi Bai
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Material Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Wensen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Material Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yumeng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Material Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Bingyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Material Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Material Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Material Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 232 Outer Ring Road, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Qi CY, Wang J, Wu X, He SR, Zhang Q, Wu JH, Zhao CB. Botanical, Traditional Use, Phytochemical, and Toxicological of Arisaematis rhizoma. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:9055574. [PMID: 34887934 PMCID: PMC8651355 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9055574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
MATERIALS AND METHODS This review is a collection of all possible studies on AR, published in scientific journals, papers, and books. Using the papers related to Arisaematis, such as ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, Springer Link, Web of Science, CNKI, and WanFang Database. In this paper, the traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of AR were reviewed. Finally, the existing problems and research directions of the research on AR are discussed. RESULTS Ninety-eight chemical constituents were isolated from AR. AR has a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as the effects on the central nervous system and cardiovascular system. It also has anti-tumor, sedative, analgesic, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, expectorant, antiarrhythmic, anticoagulant, and other effects. It is also considered an effective drug for in vitro and in vivo validation. CONCLUSIONS AR is an excellent traditional medicinal plant in China. Pharmacological studies support the traditional use of AR and may verify the folk use of AR in the treatment of different diseases. The anti-tumor effect of AR has been widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad. It has become a hot spot in recent years and has made great contributions to the survival and development of human beings. Although it has a high value of comprehensive utilization, its development and utilization are far from enough. Therefore, the comprehensive development of AR is worthy of further analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-yan Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Xu Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Su-rong He
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
- College of Pharmacy, Engineering Technology Research Center of Shaanxi Administration of Chinese Herbal Pieces, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Jian-hua Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
- College of Pharmacy, Engineering Technology Research Center of Shaanxi Administration of Chinese Herbal Pieces, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Chong-bo Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
- College of Pharmacy, Engineering Technology Research Center of Shaanxi Administration of Chinese Herbal Pieces, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
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13
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Shen L, Hou X, Wang Z, Guo T, He Z, Ruan S, Liu Z, Ruan H, Zhang Y, Feng N. O/W microemulsion droplets diffuse through hydrogel network to achieve enhanced transdermal drug delivery. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:2062-2070. [PMID: 34595985 PMCID: PMC8491714 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1983073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To overcome the poor water solubility of total flavones of Arisaematis rhizoma, microemulsions (MEs) can be used as a carrier for transdermal administration to promote their solubilization and skin permeability. Here, we investigated the physical compatibility of MEs in hydrogels and their skin permeation-enhancing effects. Transparency of microemulsion-based hydrogels (MBGs) was analyzed to evaluate ME compatibility with different hydrogel matrices. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to explore the microstructures of MBGs and ME–hydrogel combinations. Uniform and transparent MBG was obtained by adding 1% sodium hyaluronate (SH) to the optimized ME. MBG prepared with SH as a matrix expressed pseudoplastic-fluid and shear-thinning characteristics, making it easy to apply in clinical settings. No new FTIR peak occurred in the MBG compared with ME and hydrogel matrix, indicating a physical combination of ME and the polymer network gel. Nanoscale droplets of ME migrated in the gel network, and the migration capacity and in vitro transdermal permeation flux negatively correlated with SH concentration in the gel system. In conclusion, in MBGs, ME can keep nanoscale droplets migrating in the hydrogel network, thereby enhancing transdermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Hebi, Hebi, China
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Teng Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zehui He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyao Ruan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenda Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Ruan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongtai Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nianping Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Dang J, Paudel YN, Yang X, Ren Q, Zhang S, Ji X, Liu K, Jin M. Schaftoside Suppresses Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Seizures in Zebrafish via Suppressing Apoptosis, Modulating Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2542-2552. [PMID: 34128378 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of disease-modifying therapeutic strategies against epileptic seizures has caused a surge in preclinical research focused on exploring and developing novel therapeutic candidates for epilepsy. Compounds from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have gained much attention for a plethora of neurological diseases, including epilepsy. Herein, for the first time, we evaluated the anticonvulsive effects of schaftoside (SS), a TCM, on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced epileptic seizures in zebrafish and examined the underlying mechanisms. We observed that SS pretreatments significantly suppressed seizure-like behavior and prolonged the onset of seizures. Zebrafish larvae pretreated with SS demonstrated downregulation of c-fos expression during seizures. PTZ-induced upregulation of apoptotic cells was decreased upon pretreatment with SS. Inflammatory phenomena during seizure progression including the upregulation of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) were downregulated upon pretreatment with SS. The PTZ-induced recruitment of immunocytes was in turn reduced upon SS pretreatment. Moreover, SS pretreatment modulated oxidative stress, as demonstrated by decreased levels of catalase (CAT) and increased levels of glutathione peroxidase-1a (GPx1a) and manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD). However, pretreatment with SS modulated the PTZ-induced downregulation of the relative enzyme activity of CAT, GPx, and SOD. Hence, our findings suggest that SS pretreatment ameliorates PTZ-induced seizures, suppresses apoptosis, and downregulates the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, which potentially protect against further seizures in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Dang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yam Nath Paudel
- Neuropharmacology Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Xueliang Yang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingyu Ren
- School of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Tang’shan 063210, Hebei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuna Ji
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Jin
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Chen Z, Sun Y, Wang G, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Li J, Wang Y. De novo biosynthesis of C-arabinosylated flavones by utilization of indica rice C-glycosyltransferases. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:49. [PMID: 34150466 PMCID: PMC8196924 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavone C-arabinosides/xylosides are plant-originated glycoconjugates with various bioactivities. However, the potential utility of these molecules is hindered by their low abundance in nature. Engineering biosynthesis pathway in heterologous bacterial chassis provides a sustainable source of these C-glycosides. We previously reported bifunctional C-glucosyl/C-arabinosyltransferases in Oryza sativa japonica and O. sativa indica, which influence the C-glycoside spectrum in different rice varieties. In this study, we proved the C-arabinosyl-transferring activity of rice C-glycosyltransferases (CGTs) on the mono-C-glucoside substrate nothofagin, followed by taking advantage of specific CGTs and introducing heterologous UDP-pentose supply, to realize the production of eight different C-arabinosides/xylosides in recombinant E. coli. Fed-batch fermentation and precursor supplement maximized the titer of rice-originated C-arabinosides to 20–110 mg/L in an E. coli chassis. The optimized final titer of schaftoside and apigenin di-C-arabinoside reached 19.87 and 113.16 mg/L, respectively. We demonstrate here the success of de novo bio-production of C-arabinosylated and C-xylosylated flavones by heterologous pathway reconstitution. These results lay a foundation for further optimal manufacture of complex flavonoid compounds in microbial cell factories. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Yuwei Sun
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Guangyi Wang
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Ying Zhang
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Qian Zhang
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Yulian Zhang
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Jianhua Li
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yong Wang
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China
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Carotenoid and phenolic compound profiles of cooked pulps of orange and yellow peach palm fruits (Bactris gasipaes) from the Brazilian Amazonia. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Identification of Mushroom and Murine Tyrosinase Inhibitors from Achillea biebersteinii Afan. Extract. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040964. [PMID: 33670416 PMCID: PMC7917799 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing scientific evidence indicates that Achillea biebersteinii is a valuable source of active ingredients with potential cosmetic applications. However, the data on its composition and pharmacological properties are still insufficient. This study aims to optimize the extraction procedure of the plant material, evaluate its phytochemical composition, and compare anti-tyrosinase potential of A. biebersteinii extracts obtained by various methods. In order to identify compounds responsible for the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of A. biebersteinii, the most active anti-tyrosinase extract was fractionated by column chromatography. The fractions were examined for their skin lightening potential by mushroom and murine tyrosinase inhibitory assays and melanin release assay. HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis of the total extract revealed the presence of several phenolic acids, flavonoids, flavonoid glucosides, and carboxylic acid. Among them, fraxetin-8-O-glucoside, quercetin-O-glucopyranose, schaftoside/isoschaftoside, gmelinin B, 1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid (1,3-DCQA), and ferulic acid were found in the fractions with the highest skin lightening potential. Based on obtained qualitative and quantitative analysis of the fractions, it was assumed that the caffeoylquinic acid derivatives and dicaffeoylquinic acid derivatives are more likely responsible for mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity of A. biebersteinii extracts and fractions. Ferulic acid was proposed as the most active murine tyrosinase inhibitor, responsible also for the reduced melanin release from B16F10 murine melanoma cells.
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18
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Chen Z, Ye SY, Zhu RG. The extraordinary transformation of traditional Chinese medicine: processing with liquid excipients. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:561-573. [PMID: 32615903 PMCID: PMC8641677 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1778740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Context: The Chinese medicinal materials originate from animals, plants, or minerals must undergo appropriate treatment before use as decoction pieces. Processing of Chinese medicines with liquid excipients is a pharmaceutical technique that transforms medicinal raw materials into decoction pieces which are significantly different from the original form. During processing, significant changes occur in chemical constituents, which inevitably affects clinical efficacy. At present, the liquid materials in processing mainly involve wine, vinegar, honey, saline water, ginger juice, herbal juice, etc.Objective: This review introduces the typical methods of liquid excipients processing, summarizes the influence on chemical composition, pharmacological efficacy, and expounds the ways and mechanisms of liquid excipients to change the properties of drugs, enhance the efficacy, eliminate or reduce toxicity and adverse reaction.Methods: English and Chinese literature from 1986 to 2020 was collected from databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier, Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015, and CNKI (Chinese). Liquid excipients, processing, pharmacological effects, synergism, chemical constitution, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) were used as the key words.Results: Liquid excipients play a key role in the application of TCM. Processing with proper liquid excipients can change the content of toxic or active components by physical or chemical transformation, decrease or increase drug dissolution, alter drug pharmacokinetics, or exert their own pharmacological effects. Thus, processing with liquid excipients is essential to ensure the safety and efficacy of TCM in clinic.Conclusion: This article could be helpful for researchers who are interested in traditional Chinese herbs processed with liquid excipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- Pharmaceutical College, Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
- CONTACT Zhi Chen College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
| | - Si-Yong Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Second People’s Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Rong-Gang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Second People’s Hospital, Jinan, China
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19
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Tian X, Cui Z, Liu S, Zhou J, Cui R. Melanosome transport and regulation in development and disease. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 219:107707. [PMID: 33075361 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Melanosomes are specialized membrane-bound organelles that synthesize and organize melanin, ultimately providing color to the skin, hair, and eyes. Disorders in melanogenesis and melanosome transport are linked to pigmentary diseases, such as Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, Chediak-Higashi syndrome, and Griscelli syndrome. Clinical cases of these pigmentary diseases shed light on the molecular mechanisms that control melanosome-related pathways. However, only an improved understanding of melanogenesis and melanosome transport will further the development of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Herein, we review the current literature surrounding melanosomes with particular emphasis on melanosome membrane transport and cytoskeleton-mediated melanosome transport. We also provide perspectives on melanosome regulatory mechanisms which include hormonal action, inflammation, autophagy, and organelle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Tian
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ziyong Cui
- Harvard College, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States of America
| | - Song Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Rutao Cui
- Skin Disease Research Institute, The 2nd Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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20
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Park HJ, Jo DS, Choi DS, Bae JE, Park NY, Kim JB, Chang JH, Shin JJ, Cho DH. Ursolic acid inhibits pigmentation by increasing melanosomal autophagy in B16F1 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 531:209-214. [PMID: 32792197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Melanosomes are specialized membrane-bound organelles that are involved in melanin synthesis. Unlike melanosome biogenesis, the melanosome degradation pathway is poorly understood. Among the cellular processes, autophagy controls degradation of intracellular components by cooperating with lysosomes. In this study, we showed that ursolic acid inhibits skin pigmentation by promoting melanosomal autophagy, or melanophagy, in melanocytes. We found that B16F1 cells treated with ursolic acid suppressed alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) stimulated increase in melanin content and activated autophagy. In addition, we found that treatment with ursolic acid promotes melanosomal degradation, and bafilomycin A1 inhibition of autophagosome-lysosome fusion blocked the removal of melanosomes in α-MSH-stimulated B16F1 cells. Furthermore, depletion of the autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) resulted in significant suppression of ursolic acid-mediated anti-pigmentation activity and autophagy in α-MSH-treated B16F1 cells. Taken together, our results suggest that ursolic acid inhibits skin pigmentation by increasing melanosomal degradation in melanocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jun Park
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Sin Jo
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Sig Choi
- T.E.N. Co., Ltd., Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 17015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Bae
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Yeon Park
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Bum Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Chang
- Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong Jin Shin
- T.E.N. Co., Ltd., Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 17015, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Hyung Cho
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Park HJ, Jo DS, Choi H, Bae JE, Park NY, Kim JB, Choi JY, Kim YH, Oh GS, Chang JH, Kim HJ, Cho DH. Melasolv induces melanosome autophagy to inhibit pigmentation in B16F1 cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239019. [PMID: 32941497 PMCID: PMC7498095 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The melanosome is a specialized membrane-bound organelle that is involved in melanin synthesis, storage, and transportation. In contrast to melanosome biogenesis, the processes underlying melanosome degradation remain largely unknown. Autophagy is a process that promotes degradation of intracellular components' cooperative process between autophagosomes and lysosomes, and its role for process of melanosome degradation remains unclear. Here, we assessed the regulation of autophagy and its contributions to depigmentation associated with Melasolv (3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate thymol ester). B16F1 cells-treated with Melasolv suppressed the α-MSH-stimulated increase of melanin content and resulted in the activation of autophagy. However, introduction of bafilomycin A1 strongly suppressed melanosome degradation in Melasolv-treated cells. Furthermore, inhibition of autophagy by ATG5 resulted in significant suppression of Melasolv-mediated depigmentation in α-MSH-treated cells. Taken together, our results suggest that treatment with Melasolv inhibits skin pigmentation by promoting melanosome degradation via autophagy activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jun Park
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Sin Jo
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyunjung Choi
- R&D Unit, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Bae
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Na Yeon Park
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Bum Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Choi
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hwan Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Seok Oh
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Chang
- Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyoung-June Kim
- R&D Unit, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (HJK); (DHC)
| | - Dong-Hyung Cho
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (HJK); (DHC)
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22
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Kim KI, Jung KE, Shin YB, Kim CD, Yoon TJ. Sorafenib induces pigmentation via the regulation of β-catenin signalling pathway in melanoma cells. Exp Dermatol 2020; 31:57-63. [PMID: 32391926 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We conducted large-scale screening test on drugs that were already approved for other diseases to find pigmentation-modulating agents. Among drugs with potential for pigmentation control, we selected sorafenib and further investigated the effect on pigmentation using HM3KO melanoma cells. As a result of treating melanoma cells with sorafenib, pigmentation was promoted in terms of melanin content and tyrosinase activity. Sorafenib increased mRNA and protein levels of pigmentation-related genes such as MITF, tyrosinase and TRP1. To uncover the action mechanism, we investigated the effect of sorafenib on the intracellular signalling pathways. Sorafenib reduced phosphorylation of AKT and ERK, suggesting that sorafenib induces pigmentation through inhibition of the AKT and ERK pathways. In addition, sorafenib significantly increased the level of active β-catenin, together with activation of β-catenin signalling. Mechanistic study revealed that sorafenib decreased phosphorylation of serine 9 (S9) of GSK3β, while it increased phosphorylation of tyrosine 216 (Y216) of GSK3β. These results suggest that sorafenib activates the β-catenin signalling through the regulation of GSK3β phosphorylation, thereby affecting the pigmentation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Il Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Dermatology and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University & Hospital, Jinju, Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Jung
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young-Bin Shin
- Department of Dermatology and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University & Hospital, Jinju, Korea
| | - Chang-Deok Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Yoon
- Department of Dermatology and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University & Hospital, Jinju, Korea
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23
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Liu R, Meng C, Zhang Z, Ma H, Lv T, Xie S, Liu Y, Wang C. Comparative metabolism of schaftoside in healthy and calcium oxalate kidney stone rats by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS method. Anal Biochem 2020; 597:113673. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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24
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Zhao N, Su X, Wang Y, Chen J, Zhuang W. Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine for Whitening. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20905148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanin is the chief pigment responsible for the pigmentation of human skin. Increasing evidence indicates that traditional Chinese drugs with skin-whitening effects are attracting the attention of consumers and researchers because they are perceived to be milder, safer, and healthier than synthetic alternatives. This commentary summarizes the current research on Chinese herbal medicines that inhibit melanin and their biological activities. The findings presented in this study suggest that these traditional Chinese herbal medicines might be potential candidates for novel skin-whitening agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhao
- Department of Molecular Biology Test Technique, College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoming Su
- Department of Molecular Biology Test Technique, College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Yueyang Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology Test Technique, College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Jianguang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Wenyue Zhuang
- Department of Molecular Biology Test Technique, College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin, China
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25
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Zhao Z, Ma S, Dong X. Anti-melanogenesis Efficacy of Ginkgolide B is Favored by Attenuating Oxidative Stress and Melanin Synthesis in B16f1 Melanoma Cell Model. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.560.566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Dong Z, Zhang W, Chen S, Liu C. Silibinin A decreases statin‑induced PCSK9 expression in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1383-1392. [PMID: 31173243 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major risk factors for the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. The most common drugs used to treat hypercholesterolemia are 3‑hydroxy‑3‑methyl‑glutaryl‑CoA reductase inhibitors, known as statins. Statins induce a beneficial increase in the levels of the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and additionally upregulate proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), which leads to LDLR degradation. This process causes a negative feedback response that attenuates the lipid lowering effects of statins. Therefore, the development of PCSK9 inhibitors may increase the lipid‑lowering functions of statins. In the present study, a drug‑screening assay was developed using the human PCSK9 promoter, based on data from a dual‑luciferase reporter assay, and the efficacies of various compounds from Traditional Chinese Medicine were examined. Among the compounds examined, SIL was demonstrated to function by targeting PCSK9. It was identified that SIL treatment decreased the expression levels of PCSK9 in HepG2 cells by decreasing the activity of the PCSK9 promoter in a dose‑and time‑dependent manner. Notably, SIL antagonized the statin‑induced phosphorylation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. The present study suggested that SIL may be developed as a novel PCSK9 inhibitor that may increase the efficiency of statin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhewen Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medical Biotechnology and School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Wenxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, P.R. China
| | - Siyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, P.R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medical Biotechnology and School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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27
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Wang J, Cheng C, Xin C, Wang Z. The Antidepressant-like Effect of Flavonoids from Trigonella Foenum-Graecum Seeds in Chronic Restraint Stress Mice via Modulation of Monoamine Regulatory Pathways. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061105. [PMID: 30897781 PMCID: PMC6471463 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fenugreek (Trigonella Foenum-Graecum) seeds flavonoids (FSF) have diverse biological activities, while the antidepressant-like effect of FSF has been seldom explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antidepressant-like effect of FSF and to identify the potential molecular mechanisms. LC-MS/MS was used for the determination of FSF. Chronic restraint stress (CRS) was used to establish the animal model of depression. Observation of exploratory behavior in the forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST) and sucrose preference test (SPT) indicated the stress level. The serum corticosterone (CORT) level was measured. The monoamine neurotransmitters (5-HT, NE and DA) and their metabolites, as well as monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) enzyme activity in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and striatum, were evaluated. The protein expression levels of KLF11, SIRT1, MAO-A were also determined by western blot analysis. The results showed that FSF treatment significantly reversed the CRS-induced behavioral abnormalities, including reduced sucrose preference and increased immobility time. FSF administration markedly restored CRS induced changes in concentrations of serum corticosterone, prefrontal cortex neurotransmitters (NE, 5-HT and DA), hippocampus neurotransmitters (NE, 5-HT and DA) and striatum neurotransmitters (NE). FSF treatment exhibited significant inhibition of MAO-A activity in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. FSF also significantly down-regulated the KLF11, SIRT1 and MAO-A protein expression levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. These findings indicate that FSF could exhibit an antidepressant-like effect by down-regulating the KLF11/SIRT1-MAO-A pathways, inhibiting MAO-A expression and activity, as well as up-regulating monoamine neurotransmitters levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Wang
- Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Cuilin Cheng
- Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Chao Xin
- Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China.
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28
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Schaftoside ameliorates oxygen glucose deprivation-induced inflammation associated with the TLR4/Myd88/Drp1-related mitochondrial fission in BV2 microglia cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2019; 139:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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