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Oğuz Y, Ağaoğlu RT, Ulusoy CO, Kurt D, Özgürlük İ, Soysal Ç, Yılmaz Vural Z, Yakut Yücel K. The significance of Syndecan 1, a new marker for endothelial dysfunction, in cases of fetal growth retardation. Am J Reprod Immunol 2024; 91:e13858. [PMID: 38762781 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM In the current study we aimed to investigate Syndecan 1 (SDC1) levels in pregnant women diagnosed with fetal growth restriction (FGR) and the relationship between SDC1 levels and clinical and doppler parameters in FGR cases associated with endothelial dysfunction, angiogenesis and uteroplacental insufficiency METHOD OF STUDY: A total of 90 pregnant women included in the study, (45 with FGR, 45 healthy control) matched by week of gestation and maternal age. Venous blood samples were collected and plasma concentrations of SDC1 were determined by a specific immunoassay. Doppler examination was performed to evaluate the relationship between the SDC1 levels and placental blood supply. RESULTS Doppler parameters; mean UtA-PI (p < .001), CPR (p = .002) and CPUR (p < .001) were different between the groups, however MCA PI, umbilical artery PI and umbilical artery S/D were not (p > .05). While gestational age at delivery, birth weight, APGAR score at 1 and 5 min were significantly lower (all, p < .001) in the study group, non-reassure fetal heart rate tracing (p = .09) and NICU admission (p = .02) were significantly higher. SDC 1 level was 2,00 ± 1,47 ng/mL and 2,34 ± 1,12 ng/mL in the FGR and control groups, respectively (p = .008). In the study group SDC 1 level was 1,69 ± 2,00 in those with gestational age below 32 weeks and 2,13 ± 1,18 in those with gestational age above 32 weeks and there was a statistically significant difference between the groups (p = .015). Plasma SDC 1 concentration of 2,1850 ng/mL or less had a sensitivity of 70%, a specificity of 72%, area under the ROC curve .65 (p < .005). CONCLUSIONS Low maternal plasma SDC1 level may be associated with placental insufficiency and FGR. Low levels of SDC1 may be helpful as a predictor for the development of FGR during gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yüksel Oğuz
- Ministry of Health, Etlik City Hospital, Perinatology Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Recep Taha Ağaoğlu
- Ministry of Health, Etlik City Hospital, Perinatology Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Can Ozan Ulusoy
- Ministry of Health, Etlik City Hospital, Perinatology Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilara Kurt
- Ministry of Health, Etlik City Hospital, Perinatology Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İzzet Özgürlük
- Ministry of Health, Etlik City Hospital, Perinatology Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Çağanay Soysal
- Ministry of Health, Etlik City Hospital, Perinatology Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zehra Yılmaz Vural
- Ministry of Health, Etlik City Hospital, Perinatology Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kadriye Yakut Yücel
- Ministry of Health, Etlik City Hospital, Perinatology Department, Ankara, Turkey
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2
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Rošin M, Kelam N, Jurić I, Racetin A, Ogorevc M, Corre B, Čarić D, Filipović N, Vukojević K. Syndecans, Exostosins and Sulfotransferases as Potential Synovial Inflammation Moderators in Patients with Hip Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4557. [PMID: 38674142 PMCID: PMC11049902 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The gradual deterioration of articular cartilage was thought to be the central event in osteoarthritis (OA), but recent studies demonstrated the importance of low-grade synovitis in the progression of OA. The Syndecan (SDC) family of membrane proteoglycans is known to be involved in the regulation of inflammation, but there is limited evidence considering the role of syndecans in OA synovitis. Our study aimed to investigate the hip OA synovial membrane expression patterns of SDC1, SDC2 and SDC4, as well as exostosins and sulfotransferases (enzymes involved in the polymerisation and modification of syndecans' heparan sulphate chains). Synovial membrane samples of patients with OA (24) were divided into two groups according to their Krenn synovitis score severity. The immunohistochemical expressions of SDC1, SDC2, SDC4, EXT1, EXT2, NDST1 and NDST2 in synovial intima and subintima were then analysed and compared with the control group (patients with femoral neck fracture). According to our study, the immunoexpression of SDC1, NDST1 and EXT2 is significantly increased in the intimal cells of OA synovial membrane in patients with lower histological synovitis scores and SDC4 in patients with higher synovitis scores, in comparison with non-OA controls. The difference in the expression of SDC2 among the OA and non-OA groups was insignificant. SDC1, SDC4, NDST1 and EXT2 seem to be involved as inflammation moderators in low-grade OA synovitis and, therefore, should be further investigated as potential markers of disease progression and therapeutic goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matko Rošin
- Surgery Department, Orthopaedics and Traumatology Division, University Hospital of Split, Spinciceva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.R.); (D.Č.)
| | - Nela Kelam
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Soltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.K.); (A.R.); (M.O.); (N.F.)
| | - Ivana Jurić
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospital of Split, Spinciceva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Anita Racetin
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Soltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.K.); (A.R.); (M.O.); (N.F.)
| | - Marin Ogorevc
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Soltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.K.); (A.R.); (M.O.); (N.F.)
| | - Brieuc Corre
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Brest, 29200 Brest, France;
| | - Davor Čarić
- Surgery Department, Orthopaedics and Traumatology Division, University Hospital of Split, Spinciceva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.R.); (D.Č.)
| | - Natalija Filipović
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Soltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.K.); (A.R.); (M.O.); (N.F.)
| | - Katarina Vukojević
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Soltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.K.); (A.R.); (M.O.); (N.F.)
- Center for Translational Research in Biomedicine, University of Split School of Medicine, Soltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
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3
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Tanino Y. Roles of extracellular matrix in lung diseases. Fukushima J Med Sci 2024; 70:1-9. [PMID: 38267030 PMCID: PMC10867433 DOI: 10.5387/fms.2023-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a non-cellular constituent found in all tissues and organs. Although ECM was previously recognized as a mere "molecular glue" that supports the tissue structure of organs such as the lungs, it has recently been reported that ECM has important biological activities for tissue morphogenesis, inflammation, wound healing, and tumor progression. Proteoglycans are the main constituent of ECM, with growing evidence that proteoglycans and their associated glycosaminoglycans play important roles in the pathogenesis of several diseases. However, their roles in the lungs are incompletely understood. Leukocyte migration into the lung is one of the main aspects involved in the pathogenesis of several lung diseases. Glycosaminoglycans bind to chemokines and their interaction fine-tunes leukocyte migration into the affected organs. This review focuses on the role chemokine and glycosaminoglycan interactions in neutrophil migration into the lung. Furthermore, this review presents the role of proteoglycans such as syndecan, versican, and hyaluronan in inflammatory and fibrotic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Tanino
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
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4
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Schmidt A, Singer D, Aden H, von Woedtke T, Bekeschus S. Gas Plasma Exposure Alters Microcirculation and Inflammation during Wound Healing in a Diabetic Mouse Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:68. [PMID: 38247492 PMCID: PMC10812527 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes can disrupt physiological wound healing, caused by decreased levels or impaired activity of angiogenic factors. This can contribute to chronic inflammation, poor formation of new blood vessels, and delayed re-epithelialization. The present study describes the preclinical application of medical gas plasma to treat a dermal, full-thickness ear wound in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Gas plasma-mediated effects occurred in both sexes but with gender-specific differences. Hyperspectral imaging demonstrated gas plasma therapy changing microcirculatory parameters, particularly oxygen saturation levels during wound healing, presumably due to the gas plasma's tissue delivery of reactive species and other bioactive components. In addition, gas plasma treatment significantly affected cell adhesion by regulating focal adhesion kinase and vinculin, which is important in maintaining skin barrier function by regulating syndecan expression and increasing re-epithelialization. An anticipated stimulation of blood vessel formation was detected via transcriptional and translational increase of angiogenic factors in gas plasma-exposed wound tissue. Moreover, gas plasma treatment significantly affected inflammation by modulating systemic growth factors and cytokine levels. The presented findings may help explain the mode of action of successful clinical plasma therapy of wounds of diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Schmidt
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Debora Singer
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venerology, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstr. 13, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Henrike Aden
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas von Woedtke
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Greifswald University Medical Center, Sauerbruchstr., 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venerology, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstr. 13, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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5
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Immonen T, Jung E, Gallo DM, Diaz-Primera R, Gotsch F, Whittaker P, Than NG, Bosco M, Tarca AL, Suksai M, Romero R, Chaiworapongsa T. Acute pyelonephritis in pregnancy and plasma syndecan-1: evidence of glycocalyx involvement. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 36:2155041. [PMID: 36642424 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2022.2155041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pyelonephritis, a risk factor for maternal sepsis, adult respiratory distress syndrome, and preterm labor, is a frequent cause of hospitalization. This condition is characterized by excessive intravascular inflammation and endothelial cell activation and dysfunction. Syndecan-1, a major component of the glycocalyx, is a gel-like layer that covers the luminal surface of healthy endothelial cells, preserving and mediating many endothelial functions. During pregnancy, there is an additional potential source of syndecan-1, the "syncytiotrophoblast glycocalyx," which lines the intervillous space. Insults that damage the glycocalyx lead to a shedding of syndecan-1 into the circulation. Hence, syndecan-1 has been proposed as a marker of endothelial injury in conditions such as sepsis, trauma, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine whether the plasma syndecan-1 concentration changes in women with acute pyelonephritis in the presence or absence of bacteremia. STUDY DESIGN This cross-sectional study included three groups: (1) non-pregnant women (n = 25); (2) women with an uncomplicated pregnancy from whom samples were collected preterm (n = 61) or at term (n = 69); and (3) pregnant women diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis from whom samples were collected at the time of diagnosis during the second and third trimesters (n = 33). The diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis was based on clinical findings and a positive urine culture for bacteria. Blood culture results were available in 85% (28/33) of women with acute pyelonephritis. Plasma concentrations of syndecan-1 were determined by a validated immunoassay. RESULTS (1) Women with an uncomplicated pregnancy had a higher plasma concentration of syndecan-1 than non-pregnant women. The geometric mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) of syndecan-1 concentration was 51.0 (12.1-216.1) ng/mL in non-pregnant controls; 1280 (365-4487) ng/mL in normal preterm gestations; and 1786 (546-5834) ng/mL in normal term gestations (adjusted p < .005 for all three between group comparisons); (2) plasma syndecan-1 concentrations increased with gestational age among women with a normal pregnancy (p < .001, R2 = 0.27); (3) syndecan-1 multiple of the mean (MoM) values in pregnant patients with acute pyelonephritis were higher than those in normal pregnant women based on second- and third-trimester samples (p = .048, 1.26-fold change). The increase was driven primarily by cases with a positive blood culture (p = .009, 1.74-fold change); (4) when data from third-trimester samples were compared, overall differences in syndecan-1 MoM values between cases and controls were slightly larger (p = .03, 1.36- fold change), which were especially contributed to by cases with a positive blood culture (p = .023, fold change 1.79-fold change). CONCLUSIONS Plasma syndecan-1 concentration is higher in pregnant women and increases as a function of gestational age. Patients with acute pyelonephritis have a higher plasma concentration of syndecan-1, and this is particularly the case in the presence of bacteremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Immonen
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Eunjung Jung
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Dahiana M Gallo
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Ramiro Diaz-Primera
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Francesca Gotsch
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Peter Whittaker
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Nandor Gabor Than
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,Maternity Private Clinic, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mariachiara Bosco
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Adi L Tarca
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Manaphat Suksai
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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6
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Veraldi N, Quadri ID, van de Looij Y, Modernell LM, Sinquin C, Zykwinska A, Tournier BB, Dalonneau F, Li H, Li JP, Millet P, Vives R, Colliec-Jouault S, de Agostini A, Sanches EF, Sizonenko SV. Low-molecular weight sulfated marine polysaccharides: Promising molecules to prevent neurodegeneration in mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA? Carbohydr Polym 2023; 320:121214. [PMID: 37659814 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA is a hereditary disease caused by mutations in the sulfamidase enzyme that participates in catabolism of heparan sulfate (HS), leading to HS fragment accumulation and multisystemic failure. No cure exists and death occurs around the second decade of life. Two low molecular weight highly sulfated compounds derived from marine diabolican and infernan exopolysaccharides (A5_3 and A5_4, respectively) with heparanase inhibiting properties were tested in a MPSIIIA cell line model, resulting in limited degradation of intracellular HS. Next, we observed the effects of intraperitoneal injections of the diabolican derivative A5_3 from 4 to 12 weeks of age on MPSIIIA mice. Brain metabolism and microstructure, levels of proteins and genes involved in MPSIIIA brain pathophysiology were also investigated. 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) indicated deficits in energetic metabolism, tissue integrity and neurotransmission at both 4 and 12 weeks in MPSIIIA mice, with partial protective effects of A5_3. Ex-vivo Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) showed white matter microstructural damage in MPSIIIA, with noticeable protective effects of A5_3. Protein and gene expression assessments displayed both pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic profiles in MPSIIIA mice, with benefits of A5_3 counteracting neuroinflammation. Overall, derivative A5_3 was well tolerated and was shown to be efficient in preventing brain metabolism failure and inflammation, resulting in preserved brain microstructure in the context of MPSIIIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Veraldi
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Diagnostics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Isabelle Dentand Quadri
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Yohan van de Looij
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Animal Imaging Technology section, Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics & Gynecology & Obstetrics, Children's Hospital, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Laura Malaguti Modernell
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics & Gynecology & Obstetrics, Children's Hospital, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Benjamin B Tournier
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | | | - Honglian Li
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Sweden.
| | - Jin-Ping Li
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Sweden.
| | - Philippe Millet
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Romain Vives
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IBS, Grenoble, France.
| | | | - Ariane de Agostini
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Diagnostics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Eduardo Farias Sanches
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics & Gynecology & Obstetrics, Children's Hospital, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Stéphane V Sizonenko
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics & Gynecology & Obstetrics, Children's Hospital, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Cusack R, Bos LD, Povoa P, Martin-Loeches I. Endothelial dysfunction triggers acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with sepsis: a narrative review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1203827. [PMID: 37332755 PMCID: PMC10272540 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1203827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe organ failure occurring mainly in critically ill patients as a result of different types of insults such as sepsis, trauma or aspiration. Sepsis is the main cause of ARDS, and it contributes to a high mortality and resources consumption both in hospital setting and in the community. ARDS develops mainly an acute respiratory failure with severe and often refractory hypoxemia. ARDS also has long term implications and sequelae. Endothelial damage plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ARDS. Understanding the mechanisms of ARDS presents opportunities for novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Biochemical signals can be used in concert to identify and classify patients into ARDS phenotypes allowing earlier effective treatment with personalised therapies. This is a narrative review where we aimed to flesh out the pathogenetic mechanisms and heterogeneity of ARDS. We examine the links between endothelium damage and its contribution to organ failure. We have also investigated future strategies for treatment with a special emphasis in endothelial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Cusack
- Department of Intensive Care, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lieuwe D. Bos
- Intensive Care, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pedro Povoa
- NOVA Medical School, CHRC, New University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, OUH Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Intensive Care, Hospital de São Francisco Xavier, CHLO, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ignacio Martin-Loeches
- Department of Intensive Care, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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8
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Garduno A, Cusack R, Leone M, Einav S, Martin-Loeches I. Multi-Omics Endotypes in ICU Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1119. [PMID: 37317092 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
It is evident that the admission of some patients with sepsis and septic shock to hospitals is occurring late in their illness, which has contributed to the increase in poor outcomes and high fatalities worldwide across age groups. The current diagnostic and monitoring procedure relies on an inaccurate and often delayed identification by the clinician, who then decides the treatment upon interaction with the patient. Initiation of sepsis is accompanied by immune system paralysis following "cytokine storm". The unique immunological response of each patient is important to define in terms of subtyping for therapy. The immune system becomes activated in sepsis to produce interleukins, and endothelial cells express higher levels of adhesion molecules. The proportions of circulating immune cells change, reducing regulatory cells and increasing memory cells and killer cells, having long-term effects on the phenotype of CD8 T cells, HLA-DR, and dysregulation of microRNA. The current narrative review seeks to highlight the potential application of multi-omics data integration and immunological profiling at the single-cell level to define endotypes in sepsis and septic shock. The review will consider the parallels and immunoregulatory axis between cancer and immunosuppression, sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, and endothelial damage. Second, the added value of transcriptomic-driven endotypes will be assessed through inferring regulatory interactions in recent clinical trials and studies reporting gene modular features that inform continuous metrics measuring clinical response in ICU, which can support the use of immunomodulating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Garduno
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, University of Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rachael Cusack
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St. James's Hospital, James's Street, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marc Leone
- Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Trauma Center, Nord University Hospital, Aix Marseille University, APHM, 13015 Marseille, France
| | - Sharon Einav
- General Intensive Care Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem 23456, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 23456, Israel
| | - Ignacio Martin-Loeches
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, University of Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St. James's Hospital, James's Street, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
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9
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Rizzo AN, Schmidt EP. The role of the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C799-C806. [PMID: 36847444 PMCID: PMC10042597 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00555.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The alveolar epithelial glycocalyx is a dense anionic layer of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans that lines the apical surface of the alveolar epithelium. In contrast to the pulmonary endothelial glycocalyx, which has well-established roles in vascular homeostasis and septic organ dysfunction, the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx is less understood. Recent preclinical studies demonstrated that the epithelial glycocalyx is degraded in multiple murine models of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), particularly those that result from inhaled insults (so-called "direct" lung injury), leading to shedding of GAGs into the alveolar airspaces. Epithelial glycocalyx degradation also occurs in humans with respiratory failure, as quantified by analysis of airspace fluid obtained from ventilator heat moisture exchange (HME) filters. In patients with ARDS, GAG shedding correlates with the severity of hypoxemia and is predictive of the duration of respiratory failure. These effects may be mediated by surfactant dysfunction, as targeted degradation of the epithelial glycocalyx in mice was sufficient to cause increased alveolar surface tension, diffuse microatelectasis, and impaired lung compliance. In this review, we describe the structure of the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx and the mechanisms underlying its degradation during ARDS. We additionally review the current state of knowledge regarding the attributable effect of epithelial glycocalyx degradation in lung injury pathogenesis. Finally, we address glycocalyx degradation as a potential mediator of ARDS heterogeneity, and the subsequent value of point-of-care quantification of GAG shedding to potentially identify patients who are most likely to respond to pharmacological agents aimed at attenuating glycocalyx degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia N Rizzo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Eric P Schmidt
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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10
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Cusack R, Leone M, Rodriguez AH, Martin-Loeches I. Endothelial Damage and the Microcirculation in Critical Illness. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123150. [PMID: 36551905 PMCID: PMC9776078 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial integrity maintains microcirculatory flow and tissue oxygen delivery. The endothelial glycocalyx is involved in cell signalling, coagulation and inflammation. Our ability to treat critically ill and septic patients effectively is determined by understanding the underpinning biological mechanisms. Many mechanisms govern the development of sepsis and many large trials for new treatments have failed to show a benefit. Endothelial dysfunction is possibly one of these biological mechanisms. Glycocalyx damage is measured biochemically. Novel microscopy techniques now mean the glycocalyx can be indirectly visualised, using sidestream dark field imaging. How the clinical visualisation of microcirculation changes relate to biochemical laboratory measurements of glycocalyx damage is not clear. This article reviews the evidence for a relationship between clinically evaluable microcirculation and biological signal of glycocalyx disruption in various diseases in ICU. Microcirculation changes relate to biochemical evidence of glycocalyx damage in some disease states, but results are highly variable. Better understanding and larger studies of this relationship could improve phenotyping and personalised medicine in the future. Damage to the glycocalyx could underpin many critical illness pathologies and having real-time information on the glycocalyx and microcirculation in the future could improve patient stratification, diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Cusack
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St. James’s Hospital, James’s Street, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marc Leone
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Nord, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13015 Marseille, France
| | - Alejandro H. Rodriguez
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, 43005 Tarragona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgil, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament Medicina I Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Martin-Loeches
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St. James’s Hospital, James’s Street, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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11
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Promalignant effects of antiangiogenics in the tumor microenvironment. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:199-206. [PMID: 35248730 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antiangiogenic therapies are considered a promising strategy against solid tumors. Their aim is to inhibit the formation of new blood vasculature, thereby reducing the oxygen and nutrient supply to prevent further tumor growth and spreading. However, the strategy has seen limitations, as survival benefits are modest and often accompanied with increased tumor aggressiveness in form of invasion and metastasis. Antiangiogenic induced changes in the tumor microenvironment, such as hypoxia, mechanical stress or extracellular acidification can activate different receptors of tumoral and stromal cells and induce an extensive remodeling of the entire tumor microenvironment, with the overall goal to invade nearby tissues and regain access to the vasculature. In this regard, receptor tyrosine kinases have been studied intensively and especially the inhibition of c-Met has given promising results, characterized by a reduction in invasiveness and prolonged survival. Receptors that sense changes in the extracellular matrix like integrins or proteoglycans can also induce downstream signaling that stimulates the expression of remodeling factors such as new matrix components, enzymes or chemoattractants. Targeting multiple receptors and sensors of cancer cells simultaneously might represent an effective second line treatment that prevents the formation of malignant side effects.
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12
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Heparan Sulfate Glycosaminoglycan Is Predicted to Stabilize Inflammatory Infiltrate Formation and RANKL/OPG Ratio in Severe Periodontitis in Humans. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9100566. [DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since chronically inflamed periodontal tissue exhibits extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, the possible alternative to standard periodontitis treatment is to restore ECM by supplementing its components, including heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan (HS GAG). Supplementation of the degraded ECM with synthetic derivatives of HS GAGs has been shown to be effective for periodontal tissue regeneration in experimental animal models of periodontitis. However, the potential of HS GAG supplementation for the treatment of periodontal disease in humans is still unknown. Here, we used a statistical model to investigate the role of HS GAG on inflammatory infiltrate formation and alveolar bone resorption in humans with severe periodontitis. The model was based on data from immunofluorescence staining (IF) of human gingiva samples, and reconstruction of a subset of HS GAG -related proteins from STRING reactome database. According to predictions, increased expression of native HS GAG might stabilize the accumulation of gingival inflammatory infiltrate (represented by the general inflammatory cell marker CD45) and alveolar bone resorption (represented by Receptor Activator of Nuclear ΚΒ ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio) but could not restore them to healthy tissue levels. Therefore, supplementation of native HS GAG may be of limited benefits for the treatment of sever periodontitis in humans.
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13
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Beloglazova I, Zubkova E, Dergilev K, Goltseva Y, Parfyonova Y. New Insight on 2D In Vitro Angiogenesis Models: All That Stretches Is Not a Tube. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203278. [PMID: 36291145 PMCID: PMC9600603 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Highlights Abstract A Matrigel-based tube formation assay is a simple and widely accepted 2D angiogenesis model in vitro. Extracellular matrix (EM) proteins and growth factors (GFs) from MatrigelTM exclusively trigger endothelial cell (EC) tubular network (ETN) formation. Co-culture of ECs with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is another and more reliable in vitro angiogenesis assay. MSCs modulate ETN formation through intercellular interactions and as a supplier of EM and GFs. The aim of the present study was to compare the expression profile of ECs in both models. We revealed upregulation of the uPA, uPAR, Jagged1, and Notch2 genes in dividing/migrating ECs and for ECs in both experimental models at 19 h. The expression of endothelial–mesenchymal transition genes largely increased in co-cultured ECs whereas Notch and Hippo signaling pathway genes were upregulated in ECs on MatrigelTM. We showed that in the co-culture model, basement membrane (BM) deposition is limited only to cell-to-cell contacts in contrast to MatrigelTM, which represents by itself fully pre-assembled BM matrix. We suggest that ETN in a co-culture model is still in a dynamic process due to immature BM whereas ECs in the MatrigelTM assay seem to be at the final stage of ETN formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Beloglazova
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow 121552, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ekaterina Zubkova
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow 121552, Russia
| | - Konstantin Dergilev
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow 121552, Russia
| | - Yulia Goltseva
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow 121552, Russia
| | - Yelena Parfyonova
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow 121552, Russia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119192, Russia
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14
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Can Micro RNA-24 Affect the Cardiovascular Morbidity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Targeting YKL-40? Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 11:511-523. [PMID: 36718306 PMCID: PMC9883035 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.11.3.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with inflammatory nature. One of the leading causes of death in SLE patients is cardiovascular (CVS) morbidity. MiRNA-24 is highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells (VECs). This dysregulated expression pattern is associated with dysfunction or even damage of VECs and leads to the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. YKL- 40 is an inflammatory glycoprotein involved in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and thereby atherosclerosis. In this work, we aimed at illustrating the possible role of miR-24 and its target YKL-40 in the pathogenesis of the CVS morbidity associated with SLE. Methods This work was conducted on 40 SLE patients and 40 healthy controls. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was done to estimate the expression level of miRNA-24 in serum. In addition, we measured the serum level of YKL-40 using ELISA. Results miR-24-fold change was found to be down-regulated, whereas serum YKL- 40 was up-regulated among SLE patients with observed significant and negative correlation between the two parameters. Conclusion Our study provided an insight about the role of miR-24 and its target serum YKL-40 protein in the development of SLE-related inflammation and atherosclerosis.
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Hetland G, Fagerhol MK, Dimova-Svetoslavova VP, Mirlashari MR, Nguyen NT, Lind A, Kolset SO, Søraas AVL, Nissen-Meyer LSH. Inflammatory markers calprotectin, NETs, syndecan-1 and neopterin in COVID-19 convalescent blood donors. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2022; 82:481-485. [PMID: 36151851 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2022.2123387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Persisting inflammation has been discovered in lungs and other parenchymatous organs of some COVID-19 convalescents. Calprotectin, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), syndecan-1 and neopterin are general key inflammatory markers, and systemically enhanced levels of them may remain after the COVID-19 infection. These inflammatory markers were therefore measured in serum samples of 129 COVID-19 convalescent and 27 healthy blood donors or employees at Oslo Blood bank, Norway. Also antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen were measured, and timing of sampling and severity of infection noted. Whereas neopterin and NETs values remained low and those for syndecan-1 were not raised to statistically significant level, concentrations for calprotectin, as measured by a novel mixed monoclonal assay, were significantly increased in the convalescents. Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen were elevated, but did not correlate with levels of inflammatory markers. Difference between the groups in only one biomarker makes evaluation of ongoing or residual inflammation in the convalescents difficult. If there is a low-grade inflammation, it would in that case involve neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Hetland
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Immunology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Nhan Trung Nguyen
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Lind
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Olav Kolset
- Department of Nutrician, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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16
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Jones FK, Phillips A, Jones AR, Pisconti A. The INSR/AKT/mTOR pathway regulates the pace of myogenesis in a syndecan-3-dependent manner. Matrix Biol 2022; 113:61-82. [PMID: 36152781 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are indispensable for muscle regeneration. A multitude of extracellular stimuli direct MuSC fate decisions from quiescent progenitors to differentiated myocytes. The activity of these signals is modulated by coreceptors such as syndecan-3 (SDC3). We investigated the global landscape of SDC3-mediated regulation of myogenesis using a phosphoproteomics approach which revealed, with the precision level of individual phosphosites, the large-scale extent of SDC3-mediated regulation of signal transduction in MuSCs. We then focused on INSR/AKT/mTOR as a key pathway regulated by SDC3 during myogenesis and mechanistically dissected SDC3-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor signaling in MuSCs. SDC3 interacts with INSR ultimately limiting signal transduction via AKT/mTOR. Both knockdown of INSR and inhibition of AKT rescue Sdc3-/- MuSC differentiation to wild type levels. Since SDC3 is rapidly downregulated at the onset of differentiation, our study suggests that SDC3 acts a timekeeper to restrain proliferating MuSC response and prevent premature differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona K Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Phillips
- School of Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew R Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Addolorata Pisconti
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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17
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Kim YH, Kitai T, Morales R, Kiefer K, Chaikijurajai T, Tang WHW. Usefulness of Serum Biomarkers of Endothelial Glycocalyx Damage in Prognosis of Decompensated Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction. Am J Cardiol 2022; 176:73-78. [PMID: 35606171 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2022.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The surface layer of endothelium contains the endothelial glycocalyx (eGC), consisting of proteoglycan polymers. Syndecan-1, heparan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid are major constituents of eGC, and their increasing detection in serum represents active degradation of eGC. Serum was obtained from patients with no heart failure (non-HF) and with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) of <40%, either stable chronic HF (CHF) or acute decompensated HF (ADHF). Syndecan-1, heparan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid were measured for comparisons in the groups, adjusting for clinical and laboratory values. In our study cohort, 51 non-HF, 66 ADHF, and 72 patients with CHF were enrolled. Between ADHF and CHF, left ventricular (LV) mass index, LV ejection fraction, and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure did not differ. Patients with ADHF had significantly higher levels of eGC constituents compared with CHF and non-HF. During follow-up, 21 patients with HF died, and the mortality rate was higher in patients with higher serum syndecan-1 or heparan sulfate (log-rank p = 0.007 and 0.016, respectively). In multivariate analysis, a doubling of serum heparan sulfate concentration amounted to a 31.5% increase in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio = 1.315, confidence interval = 1.012-1.709, p = 0.040). In conclusion, serum biomarkers of eGC were elevated in ADHF (but not in CHF) in patients with HFrEF, suggesting the potential roles of eGC degradation and endothelial dysfunction in HF decompensation. Only elevated heparin sulfate was associated with higher all-cause mortality after adjusting for traditional risk variables in patients with HFrEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Takeshi Kitai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Rommel Morales
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kathryn Kiefer
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Thanat Chaikijurajai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - W H Wilson Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
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18
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Hong L, Chen G, Cai Z, Liu H, Zhang C, Wang F, Xiao Z, Zhong J, Wang L, Wang Z, Cui W. Balancing Microthrombosis and Inflammation via Injectable Protein Hydrogel for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200281. [PMID: 35524641 PMCID: PMC9284187 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that a vicious cycle between inflammation and microthrombosis catalyzes the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Over-stimulated inflammation triggers a coagulation cascade and leads to microthrombosis, which further complicates the injury through tissue hypoxia and ischemia. Herein, an injectable protein hydrogel with anti-thrombosis and anti-inflammation competency is developed to impede this cycle, cross-linked by silver ion mediated metal-ligand coordination and electronic interaction with sulfhydryl functionalized bovine serum albumin and heparin, respectively. The ex vivo experiments show that the hydrogel, HEP-Ag-BSA, exhibits excellent self-healing ability, injectability, biocompatibility, and sustained drug release. HEP-Ag-BSA also demonstrates anti-coagulation and anti-inflammation abilities via coagulation analysis and lipopolysaccharide stimulation assay. The in vivo imaging confirms the longer retention time of HEP-Ag-BSA at inflammatory sites than in normal mucosa owing to electrostatic interactions. The in vivo study applying a mouse model with colitis also reveals that HEP-Ag-BSA can robustly inhibit inflammatory microthrombosis with reduced bleeding risk. This versatile protein hydrogel platform can definitively hinder the "inflammation and microthrombosis" cycle, providing a novel integrated approach against IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Hong
- Department of GastroenterologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Gaoxian Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical BiologyInstitute of Molecular MedicineSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Zhengwei Cai
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of GastroenterologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of GastroenterologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical BiologyInstitute of Molecular MedicineSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Department of GastroenterologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
- Department of GeriatricsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Zhengting Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
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Zalghout S, Vo S, Arocas V, Jadoui S, Hamade E, Badran B, Oudar O, Charnaux N, Longrois D, Boulaftali Y, Bouton MC, Richard B. Syndecan-1 Is Overexpressed in Human Thoracic Aneurysm but Is Dispensable for the Disease Progression in a Mouse Model. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:839743. [PMID: 35548440 PMCID: PMC9082175 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.839743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) pooling has long been considered as one of the histopathological characteristics defining thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) together with smooth muscle cells (SMCs) apoptosis and elastin fibers degradation. However, little information is known about GAGs composition or their potential implication in TAA pathology. Syndecan-1 (SDC-1) is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan that is implicated in extracellular matrix (ECM) interaction and assembly, regulation of SMCs phenotype, and various aspects of inflammation in the vascular wall. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether SDC-1 expression was regulated in human TAA and to analyze its role in a mouse model of this disease. In the current work, the regulation of SDC-1 was examined in human biopsies by RT-qPCR, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry. In addition, the role of SDC-1 was evaluated in descending TAA in vivo using a mouse model combining both aortic wall weakening and hypertension. Our results showed that both SDC-1 mRNA and protein are overexpressed in the media layer of human TAA specimens. RT-qPCR experiments revealed a 3.6-fold overexpression of SDC-1 mRNA (p = 0.0024) and ELISA assays showed that SDC-1 protein was increased 2.3 times in TAA samples compared with healthy counterparts (221 ± 24 vs. 96 ± 33 pg/mg of tissue, respectively, p = 0.0012). Immunofluorescence imaging provided evidence that SMCs are the major cell type expressing SDC-1 in TAA media. Similarly, in the mouse model used, SDC-1 expression was increased in TAA specimens compared to healthy samples. Although its protective role against abdominal aneurysm has been reported, we observed that SDC-1 was dispensable for TAA prevalence or rupture. In addition, SDC-1 deficiency did not alter the extent of aortic wall dilatation, elastin degradation, collagen deposition, or leukocyte recruitment in our TAA model. These findings suggest that SDC-1 could be a biomarker revealing TAA pathology. Future investigations could uncover the underlying mechanisms leading to regulation of SDC-1 expression in TAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zalghout
- LVTS, INSERM, U1148, Paris, France
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Villetaneuse, France
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sophie Vo
- LVTS, INSERM, U1148, Paris, France
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Véronique Arocas
- LVTS, INSERM, U1148, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Soumaya Jadoui
- LVTS, INSERM, U1148, Paris, France
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Eva Hamade
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bassam Badran
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Olivier Oudar
- LVTS, INSERM, U1148, Paris, France
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Nathalie Charnaux
- LVTS, INSERM, U1148, Paris, France
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Dan Longrois
- LVTS, INSERM, U1148, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Yacine Boulaftali
- LVTS, INSERM, U1148, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Benjamin Richard
- LVTS, INSERM, U1148, Paris, France
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
- *Correspondence: Benjamin Richard
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20
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Waltmann A, McQuade ETR, Chinkhumba J, Operario DJ, Mzembe E, Itoh M, Kayange M, Puerto-Meredith SM, Mathanga DP, Juliano JJ, Carroll I, Bartelt LA, Gutman JR, Meshnick SR. The positive effect of malaria IPTp-SP on birthweight is mediated by gestational weight gain but modifiable by maternal carriage of enteric pathogens. EBioMedicine 2022; 77:103871. [PMID: 35217408 PMCID: PMC8866062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor pregnancy and birth outcomes are common in sub-Saharan Africa and have complex aetiologies. Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), given for intermittent preventive therapy of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp), is one of few existing interventions that improves outcomes of both mother and baby despite widespread SP-resistant malaria. Compelling evidence exists that malaria-independent pathways contribute to this protective effect, but the exact sources of non anti-malarial protection remained unknown. We hypothesized that the beneficial effect of SP on birthweight is mediated by SP activity on maternal factors, including increased gestational weight gain and antibiotic activity on pathogens in the maternal gut. METHODS Expectant mothers from a larger randomized control trial comparing the efficacy of IPTp-SP to IPTp with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) were also enrolled in this sub-study study at their first antenatal care visit before commencement of IPTp (n = 105). Participants were followed monthly until delivery. Weights and mid-to-upper-arm circumferences (MUAC) were recorded. Monthly stool samples were collected and screened for five Escherichia coli pathotypes, Shigella spp., Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella, Campylobacter coli/jejuni, and three protozoa (Giardia spp., Entameba histolytica, and Cryptosporidium spp.) using previously validated molecular assays. FINDINGS IPTp-SP vs. IPTP-DP was associated with higher maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) and nutritional indicators (MUAC and body-mass index, BMI). GWG was found to be a mediator of the birthweight and IPTp-SP relationship, as the birthweight of SP infants, but not DP infants, varied according to maternal GWG. The burden of maternal enteric infections was high. The three most commonly observed pathogens were enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), atypical enteropathogenic E.coli/enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (aEPEC/EHEC), and typical enteropathogenic E.coli (tEPEC). We found that SP reduced the prevalence of EAEC in a dose-dependent manner. After 3 or more doses, SP-recipients were 90% less likely to be infected with EAEC compared to DP-recipients (ORadj = 0.07, CI95 = 0.12, 0.39, p = 0.002). Compared to DP, this coincided with higher maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) and nutritional indicators (MUAC and body-mass index, BMI). The beneficial effect of SP on maternal GWG, MUAC and BMI, was lower if SP mothers had detectable EAEC, aEPEC/EHEC, tEPEC, and LT-ETEC at baseline. Maternal EAEC and tEPEC at baseline associated with lower birthweight for babies of both SP mothers and DP mothers. When comparing IPTp regimens, the positive effect of SP on birthweight compared to DP was only observed for infants of women who did not test positive for EAEC at baseline (adjusted mean birthweight difference SP vs. DP = 156.0 g, CI95 = -18.0 g, 336.9 g, p = 0.087), though confidence intervals crossed the null. INTERPRETATION Our findings indicate that in pregnant Malawian women, IPTp-SP vs. IPTp-DP is consistently associated with higher MUAC, BMI, and GWG following the WHO-recommended regimen of at least 3 doses, but carriage of maternal gut pathogens before initiation of IPTp lessens this effect. Because GWG was a mediator of the association between birthweight and SP, we show that SP's previously proven positive effect on birthweight is by promoting maternal weight gain. Overall, our results present one plausible pathway SP exerts malaria-independent protection against poor birth outcomes in the context of its waning antimalarial activity and warrants further investigation. FUNDING A full list of funding bodies that contributed to this study can be found in the Acknowledgements section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Waltmann
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | | | - Jobiba Chinkhumba
- Malaria Alert Centre (MAC), University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Darwin J Operario
- Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, VA, USA
| | - Enala Mzembe
- Malaria Alert Centre (MAC), University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Megumi Itoh
- Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Don P Mathanga
- Malaria Alert Centre (MAC), University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Jonathan J Juliano
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ian Carroll
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Luther A Bartelt
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Julie R Gutman
- Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Steven R Meshnick
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Nobari ST, Nojadeh JN, Talebi M. B-cell maturation antigen targeting strategies in multiple myeloma treatment, advantages and disadvantages. J Transl Med 2022; 20:82. [PMID: 35144648 PMCID: PMC8832753 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03285-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
B cell maturation antigen (BCMA), a transmembrane glycoprotein member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily 17 (TNFRSF17), highly expressed on the plasma cells of Multiple myeloma (MM) patients, as well as the normal population. BCMA is used as a biomarker for MM. Two members of the TNF superfamily proteins, including B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), are closely related to BCMA and play an important role in plasma cell survival and progression of MM. Despite the maximum specificity of the monoclonal antibody technologies, introducing the tumor-specific antigen(s) is not applicable for all malignancies, such as MM that there plenty of relatively specific antigens such as GPCR5D, MUC1, SLAMF7 and etc., but higher expression of BCMA on these cells in comparison with normal ones can be regarded as a relatively exclusive marker. Currently, different monoclonal antibody (mAb) technologies applied in anti-MM therapies such as daratuzumab, SAR650984, GSK2857916, and CAR-T cell therapies are some of these tools that are reviewed in the present manuscript. By the way, the structure, function, and signaling of the BCMA and related molecule(s) role in normal plasma cells and MM development, evaluated as well as the potential side effects of its targeting by different CAR-T cells generations. In conclusion, BCMA can be regarded as an ideal molecule to be targeted in immunotherapeutic methods, regarding lower potential systemic and local side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Teymouri Nobari
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Jafar Nouri Nojadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Talebi
- Department of Applied Cells Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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22
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Jang B, Song HK, Hwang J, Lee S, Park E, Oh A, Hwang ES, Sung JY, Kim YN, Park K, Lee YM, Oh ES. Shed syndecan-2 enhances colon cancer progression by increasing cooperative angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment. Matrix Biol 2022; 107:40-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Guo S, Wu X, Lei T, Zhong R, Wang Y, Zhang L, Zhao Q, Huang Y, Shi Y, Wu L. The Role and Therapeutic Value of Syndecan-1 in Cancer Metastasis and Drug Resistance. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:784983. [PMID: 35118073 PMCID: PMC8804279 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.784983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis and relapse are major causes of cancer-related fatalities. The elucidation of relevant pathomechanisms and adoption of appropriate countermeasures are thus crucial for the development of clinical strategies that inhibit malignancy progression as well as metastasis. An integral component of the extracellular matrix, the type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein syndecan-1 (SDC-1) binds cytokines and growth factors involved in tumor microenvironment modulation. Alterations in its localization have been implicated in both cancer metastasis and drug resistance. In this review, available data regarding the structural characteristics, shedding process, and nuclear translocation of SDC-1 are detailed with the aim of highlighting strategies directly targeting SDC-1 as well as SDC-1-mediated carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Guo
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - XinYi Wu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Zhong
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - YiRan Wang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - QingYi Zhao
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Shi
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Outpatient Department, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yin Shi, ; Luyi Wu,
| | - Luyi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yin Shi, ; Luyi Wu,
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Pouyanfard S, Meshgin N, Cruz LS, Diggle K, Hashemi H, Pham TV, Fierro M, Tamayo P, Fanjul A, Kisseleva T, Kaufman DS. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived macrophages ameliorate liver fibrosis. Stem Cells 2021; 39:1701-1717. [PMID: 34460131 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
With an increasing number of patients with degenerative hepatic diseases, such as liver fibrosis, and a limited supply of donor organs, there is an unmet need for therapies that can repair or regenerate damaged liver tissue. Treatment with macrophages that are capable of phagocytosis and anti-inflammatory activities such as secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) provide an attractive cellular therapy approach. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are capable of efficiently generating a large-scale, homogenous population of human macrophages using fully defined feeder- and serum-free differentiation protocol. Human iPSC-macrophages exhibit classical surface cell markers and phagocytic activity similar to peripheral blood-derived macrophages. Moreover, gene and cytokine expression analysis reveal that these macrophages can be efficiently polarized to pro-inflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes in presence of LPS + IFN-γ and IL-4 + IL-13, respectively. M1 macrophages express high level of CD80, TNF-α, and IL-6 while M2 macrophages show elevated expression of CD206, CCL17, and CCL22. Here, we demonstrate that treatment of liver fibrosis with both human iPSC-derived macrophage populations and especially M2 subtype significantly reduces fibrogenic gene expression and disease associated histological markers including Sirius Red, αSMA and desmin in immunodeficient Rag2-/- γc-/- mice model, making this approach a promising cell-based avenue to ameliorate fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Pouyanfard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nairika Meshgin
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Luisjesus S Cruz
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Karin Diggle
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Hamidreza Hashemi
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Timothy V Pham
- Moores Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Manuel Fierro
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Pablo Tamayo
- Moores Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Andrea Fanjul
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Tatiana Kisseleva
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Dan S Kaufman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA
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Wang ST, Neo BH, Betts RJ. Glycosaminoglycans: Sweet as Sugar Targets for Topical Skin Anti-Aging. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2021; 14:1227-1246. [PMID: 34548803 PMCID: PMC8449875 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s328671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are long, linear polysaccharides comprised of repeating disaccharide units with pleiotropic biological functions, with the non-sulfated GAG hyaluronic acid (HA), and sulfated GAGs dermatan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate, keratan sulfate, and to a lesser extent heparin all being expressed in skin. Their ability to regulate keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, inflammatory processes and extracellular matrix composition and quality demonstrates their critical role in regulating skin physiology. Similarly, the water-binding properties of GAGs and structural qualities, particularly for HA, are crucial for maintaining proper skin form and hydration. The biological importance of GAGs, as well as extensive evidence that their properties and functions are altered in both chronological and extrinsic skin aging, makes them highly promising targets to improve cosmetic skin quality. Within the present review, we examine the cutaneous biological activity of GAGs alongside the protein complexes they form called proteoglycans and summarize the age-related changes of these molecules in skin. We also examine current topical interventional approaches to modulate GAGs for improved skin quality such as direct exogenous administration of GAGs, with a particular interest in strategies targeted at potentiating GAG levels in skin through either attenuating GAG degradation or increasing GAG production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew Tein Wang
- L'Oréal Research & Innovation, L'Oréal Singapore, Singapore
| | - Boon Hoe Neo
- L'Oréal Research & Innovation, L'Oréal Singapore, Singapore
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Rattila S, Kleefeldt F, Ballesteros A, Beltrame JS, L Ribeiro M, Ergün S, Dveksler G. Pro-angiogenic effects of pregnancy-specific glycoproteins in endothelial and extravillous trophoblast cells. Reproduction 2021; 160:737-750. [PMID: 33065549 DOI: 10.1530/rep-20-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that binding to heparan sulfate (HS) is required for the ability of the placentally secreted pregnancy-specific glycoprotein 1 (PSG1) to induce endothelial tubulogenesis. PSG1 is composed of four immunoglobulin-like domains but which domains of the protein bind to HS remains unknown. To analyze the interaction of PSG1 with HS, we generated several recombinant proteins, including the individual domains, chimeric proteins between two PSG1 domains, and mutants. Using flow cytometric and surface plasmon resonance studies, we determined that the B2 domain of PSG1 binds to HS and that the positively charged amino acids encompassed between amino acids 43-59 are required for this interaction. Furthermore, we showed that the B2 domain of PSG1 is required for the increase in the formation of tubes by endothelial cells (EC) including a human endometrial EC line and two extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cell lines and for the pro-angiogenic activity of PSG1 observed in an aortic ring assay. PSG1 enhanced the migration of ECs while it increased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in EVTs, indicating that the pro-angiogenic effect of PSG1 on these two cell types may be mediated by different mechanisms. Despite differences in amino acid sequence, we observed that all human PSGs bound to HS proteoglycans and confirmed that at least two other members of the family, PSG6 and PSG9, induce tube formation. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the pro-angiogenic activity of human PSGs and strongly suggest conservation of this function among all PSG family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shemona Rattila
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Florian Kleefeldt
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Angela Ballesteros
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jimena S Beltrame
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology of Reproduction, Centre for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CONICET - School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria L Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology of Reproduction, Centre for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CONICET - School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gabriela Dveksler
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Circulating CD138 enhances disease progression by augmenting autoreactive antibody production in a mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101053. [PMID: 34364875 PMCID: PMC8405997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a progressive autoimmune disease characterized by high levels of antibodies directed against nuclear antigens. Elevated serum CD138, a heparan sulfate–bearing proteoglycan, correlates with increased disease activity in patients with SLE, but the contribution of CD138 to lupus disease is not known. Corroborating patient data, we detected an increase in serum CD138 in MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/J (MRL/Lpr) mice (a model for SLE disease) parallel to disease activity. Although T-cell receptor β (TCRβ)+CD138+ T cells typically expand in MRL/Lpr mice as the disease progresses, surprisingly, TCRβ+CD138− cells were the primary source of circulating CD138, as the transfer of TCRβ+CD138− cells, but not TCRβ+CD138+ cells, to young MRL/Lpr mice resulted in higher serum CD138 in the recipients. We found that trypsin was able to cleave CD138 from TCRβ+CD138+ cells, and that trypsin was highly expressed in TCRβ+CD138− cells. Moreover, trypsin inhibitors, the “defined trypsin inhibitor” and leupeptin, increased CD138 expression on TCRβ+CD138− cells, suggesting a contribution of cleaved CD138 to the increase in blood CD138 levels. Furthermore, soluble CD138 was able to bind “a proliferation-inducing ligand” (APRIL) and enhance APRIL-mediated plasma cell generation and autoreactive antibody production through the phosphorylation of extracellular signal–regulated kinase in B cells. The APRIL receptor “transmembrane activator, calcium modulator, and cyclophilin ligand interactor” was involved in the enhancement of APRIL activity by CD138, as the synergistic effect of APRIL and CD138 was ablated in transmembrane activator, calcium modulator, and cyclophilin ligand interactor–deficient B cells. These findings indicate a regulatory role for soluble CD138 in B-cell differentiation and autoreactive antibody production in SLE disease.
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Redente EF. How Do We Know What We Are Missing? Loss of Signaling through CD148 Drives Fibroblast Activation in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 204:249-251. [PMID: 33891825 PMCID: PMC8513589 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202103-0737ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth F Redente
- Department of Pediatrics National Jewish Health Denver, Colorado and.,Department of Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora, Colorado
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Yang H, Liu Y, Zhao MM, Guo Q, Zheng XK, Liu D, Zeng KW, Tu PF. Therapeutic potential of targeting membrane-spanning proteoglycan SDC4 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:492. [PMID: 33990545 PMCID: PMC8121893 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03780-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Syndecan-4 (SDC4) functions as a major endogenous membrane-associated receptor and widely regulates cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, and cell migration in human tumorigenesis and development, which represents a charming anti-cancer therapeutic target. Here, SDC4 was identified as a direct cellular target of small-molecule bufalin with anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) activity. Mechanism studies revealed that bufalin directly bond to SDC4 and selectively increased SDC4 interaction with substrate protein DEAD-box helicase 23 (DDX23) to induce HCC genomic instability. Meanwhile, pharmacological promotion of SDC4/DDX23 complex formation also inactivated matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and augmented p38/JNK MAPKs phosphorylation, which are highly associated with HCC proliferation and migration. Notably, specific knockdown of SDC4 or DDX23 markedly abolished bufalin-dependent inhibition of HCC proliferation and migration, indicating SDC4/DDX23 signaling axis is highly involved in the HCC process. Our results indicate that membrane-spanning proteoglycan SDC4 is a promising druggable target for HCC, and pharmacological regulation of SDC4/DDX23 signaling axis with small-molecule holds great potential to benefit HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Mei-Mei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xi-Kang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Proteomics Laboratory, Medical and Healthy Analytical Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ke-Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Derkacz A, Olczyk P, Jura-Półtorak A, Olczyk K, Komosinska-Vassev K. The Diagnostic Usefulness of Circulating Profile of Extracellular Matrix Components: Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans (sGAG), Hyaluronan (HA) and Extracellular Part of Syndecan-1 (sCD138) in Patients with Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10081722. [PMID: 33923501 PMCID: PMC8073401 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The described research focused on the diagnostic usefulness of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG), hyaluronan (HA), and extracellular part of syndecan-1 (sCD138) as new markers related to extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling in the intestine during the two most common forms of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), i.e., ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’ disease (CD). Inflammatory markers belonging to ECM components were assessed in serum of patients with IBD using an immunoenzymatic method (HA and sCD138) and a method based on the reaction with dimethylmethylene blue (sulfated GAG). Measurements were carried out twice: at baseline and after one year of therapy with prednisone (patients with CD) or adalimumab (patients with UC). No quantitative changes were observed in serum sGAG, HA, and sCD138 concentrations between patients newly diagnosed with CD and the healthy group. In the case of patients with UC, the parameter which significantly differentiated healthy subjects and patients with IBD before biological therapy was HA. Significant correlation between serum HA level and inflammation activity, expressed as Mayo score, was also observed in patients with UC. Moreover, the obtained results have confirmed that steroid therapy with prednisone significantly influenced the circulating profile of all examined ECM components (sGAG, HA, and sCD138), whereas adalimumab therapy in patients with UC led to a significant change in only circulating sGAG levels. Moreover, the significant differences in serum HA levels between patients with UC and CD indicate that quantification of circulating HA may be useful in the differential diagnosis of CD and UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Derkacz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (A.D.); (A.J.-P.); (K.O.)
| | - Paweł Olczyk
- Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Jura-Półtorak
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (A.D.); (A.J.-P.); (K.O.)
| | - Krystyna Olczyk
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (A.D.); (A.J.-P.); (K.O.)
| | - Katarzyna Komosinska-Vassev
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (A.D.); (A.J.-P.); (K.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-32-364-1150
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De Rossi G, Vähätupa M, Cristante E, Arokiasamy S, Liyanage SE, May U, Pellinen L, Uusitalo-Järvinen H, Bainbridge JW, Järvinen TA, Whiteford JR. Pathological Angiogenesis Requires Syndecan-4 for Efficient VEGFA-Induced VE-Cadherin Internalization. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:1374-1389. [PMID: 33596666 PMCID: PMC7613699 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.315941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia De Rossi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Department of Cell Biology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Maria Vähätupa
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland & Departments of Orthopedics & Traumatology and Tampere Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Enrico Cristante
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Genetics department, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Samantha Arokiasamy
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Sidath E. Liyanage
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Genetics department, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Ulrike May
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland & Departments of Orthopedics & Traumatology and Tampere Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Laura Pellinen
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland & Departments of Orthopedics & Traumatology and Tampere Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannele Uusitalo-Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland & Departments of Orthopedics & Traumatology and Tampere Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - James W. Bainbridge
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Genetics department, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, City Road, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Tero A.H. Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland & Departments of Orthopedics & Traumatology and Tampere Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - James R. Whiteford
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
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Soluble syndecan-1 and glycosaminoglycans in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnancies. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4387. [PMID: 33623064 PMCID: PMC7902809 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82972-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia, an important cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, is associated with increased sFLT1 levels and with structural and functional damage to the glycocalyx contributing to endothelial dysfunction. We investigated glycocalyx components in relation to preeclampsia in human samples. While soluble syndecan-1 and heparan sulphate were similar in plasma of preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women, dermatan sulphate was increased and keratan sulphate decreased in preeclamptic women. Dermatan sulphate was correlated with soluble syndecan-1, and inversely correlated with blood pressure and activated partial thromboplastin time. To determine if syndecan-1 was a prerequisite for the sFlt1 induced increase in blood pressure in mice we studied the effect of sFlt1 on blood pressure and vascular contractile responses in syndecan-1 deficient and wild type male mice. The classical sFlt1 induced rise in blood pressure was absent in syndecan-1 deficient mice indicating that syndecan-1 is a prerequisite for sFlt1 induced increase in blood pressure central to preeclampsia. The results show that an interplay between syndecan-1 and dermatan sulphate contributes to sFlt1 induced blood pressure elevation in pre-eclampsia.
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The Endothelial Glycocalyx as a Target of Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Kidney Transplantation-Where Have We Gone So Far? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042157. [PMID: 33671524 PMCID: PMC7926299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The damage of the endothelial glycocalyx as a consequence of ischemia and/or reperfusion injury (IRI) following kidney transplantation has come at the spotlight of research due to potential associations with delayed graft function, acute rejection as well as long-term allograft dysfunction. The disintegration of the endothelial glycocalyx induced by IRI is the crucial event which exposes the denuded endothelial cells to further inflammatory and oxidative damage. The aim of our review is to present the currently available data regarding complex links between shedding of the glycocalyx components, like syndecan-1, hyaluronan, heparan sulphate, and CD44 with the activation of intricate immune system responses, including toll-like receptors, cytokines and pro-inflammatory transcription factors. Evidence on modes of protection of the endothelial glycocalyx and subsequently maintenance of endothelial permeability as well as novel nephroprotective molecules such as sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P), are also depicted. Although advances in technology are making the visualization and the analysis of the endothelial glycocalyx possible, currently available evidence is mostly experimental. Ongoing progress in understanding the complex impact of IRI on the endothelial glycocalyx, opens up a new era of research in the field of organ transplantation and clinical studies are of utmost importance for the future.
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Pan L, Zhang X, Gao Q. Effects and mechanisms of histatins as novel skin wound-healing agents. J Tissue Viability 2021; 30:190-195. [PMID: 33551241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex and important physiological process that maintains the integrity of skin after various injuries. Abnormal wound healing, especially of chronic wounds, impairs normal physical function. Therefore, the search for effective and safe healing agents is one of the main concerns. Histatins are histidine-rich low molecular weight peptides that are expressed in the saliva of both humans and higher primates. Histatins have two main biological effects, cell stimulation and bacteria killing, with the former playing an important role in wound healing by promoting epithelial cell and fibroblast migration and angiogenesis and enhancing the re-epithelialization of the wounded area. Because of these biological effects, histatins have been shown to be promising agents of improved wound healing. Histatins are categorized into many subtypes, of which histatin 1 and its hydrolysates are the most effective in promoting wound healing. This review addresses the bioactivity of histatins in wound healing, such as their stimulatory effects on epithelial cells and fibroblasts, and elucidates the possible mechanisms by which histatin subtypes induce their biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Pan
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuanfen Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Qiong Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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35
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Spinler K, Bajaj J, Ito T, Zimdahl B, Hamilton M, Ahmadi A, Koechlein CS, Lytle N, Kwon HY, Anower-E-Khuda F, Sun H, Blevins A, Weeks J, Kritzik M, Karlseder J, Ginsberg MH, Park PW, Esko JD, Reya T. A stem cell reporter based platform to identify and target drug resistant stem cells in myeloid leukemia. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5998. [PMID: 33243988 PMCID: PMC7691523 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19782-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral heterogeneity is a common feature of many myeloid leukemias and a significant reason for treatment failure and relapse. Thus, identifying the cells responsible for residual disease and leukemia re-growth is critical to better understanding how they are regulated. Here, we show that a knock-in reporter mouse for the stem cell gene Musashi 2 (Msi2) allows identification of leukemia stem cells in aggressive myeloid malignancies, and provides a strategy for defining their core dependencies. Specifically, we carry out a high throughput screen using Msi2-reporter blast crisis chronic myeloid leukemia (bcCML) and identify several adhesion molecules that are preferentially expressed in therapy resistant bcCML cells and play a key role in bcCML. In particular, we focus on syndecan-1, whose deletion triggers defects in bcCML growth and propagation and markedly improves survival of transplanted mice. Further, live imaging reveals that the spatiotemporal dynamics of leukemia cells are critically dependent on syndecan signaling, as loss of this signal impairs their localization, migration and dissemination to distant sites. Finally, at a molecular level, syndecan loss directly impairs integrin β7 function, suggesting that syndecan exerts its influence, at least in part, by coordinating integrin activity in bcCML. These data present a platform for delineating the biological underpinnings of leukemia stem cell function, and highlight the Sdc1-Itgβ7 signaling axis as a key regulatory control point for bcCML growth and dissemination.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Blast Crisis/genetics
- Blast Crisis/pathology
- Blast Crisis/therapy
- Chemoradiotherapy/methods
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Gene Knock-In Techniques
- Gene Knockout Techniques
- Genes, Reporter/genetics
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/chemistry
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics
- High-Throughput Screening Assays
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/pharmacology
- Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use
- Integrin beta Chains/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/radiation effects
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- RNA-Seq
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Syndecan-1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Syndecan-1/genetics
- Syndecan-1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Spinler
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeevisha Bajaj
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Takahiro Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bryan Zimdahl
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael Hamilton
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Armin Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Claire S Koechlein
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nikki Lytle
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hyog Young Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ferdous Anower-E-Khuda
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Allen Blevins
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joi Weeks
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marcie Kritzik
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Mark H Ginsberg
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pyong Woo Park
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Esko
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tannishtha Reya
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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36
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Ajamian M, Rosella G, Newnham ED, Biesiekierski JR, Muir JG, Gibson PR. Effect of Gluten Ingestion and FODMAP Restriction on Intestinal Epithelial Integrity in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Self‐Reported Non‐Coeliac Gluten Sensitivity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 65:e1901275. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201901275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ajamian
- Department of Gastroenterology Monash University and Alfred Health Melbourne Victoria 3004 Australia
| | - Gennaro Rosella
- Department of Gastroenterology Monash University and Alfred Health Melbourne Victoria 3004 Australia
| | - Evan D. Newnham
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Eastern Health Victoria 3128 Australia
| | | | - Jane G. Muir
- Department of Gastroenterology Monash University and Alfred Health Melbourne Victoria 3004 Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Eastern Health Victoria 3128 Australia
| | - Peter R. Gibson
- Department of Gastroenterology Monash University and Alfred Health Melbourne Victoria 3004 Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Eastern Health Victoria 3128 Australia
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37
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Cleavage of proteoglycans, plasma proteins and the platelet-derived growth factor receptor in the hemorrhagic process induced by snake venom metalloproteinases. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12912. [PMID: 32737331 PMCID: PMC7395112 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69396-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Envenoming by viperid snakes results in a complex pattern of tissue damage, including hemorrhage, which in severe cases may lead to permanent sequelae. Snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) are main players in this pathogenesis, acting synergistically upon different mammalian proteomes. Hemorrhagic Factor 3 (HF3), a P-III class SVMP from Bothrops jararaca, induces severe local hemorrhage at pmol doses in a murine model. Our hypothesis is that in a complex scenario of tissue damage, HF3 triggers proteolytic cascades by acting on a partially known substrate repertoire. Here, we focused on the hypothesis that different proteoglycans, plasma proteins, and the platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) could be involved in the HF3-induced hemorrhagic process. In surface plasmon resonance assays, various proteoglycans were demonstrated to interact with HF3, and their incubation with HF3 showed degradation or limited proteolysis. Likewise, Western blot analysis showed in vivo degradation of biglycan, decorin, glypican, lumican and syndecan in the HF3-induced hemorrhagic process. Moreover, antithrombin III, complement components C3 and C4, factor II and plasminogen were cleaved in vitro by HF3. Notably, HF3 cleaved PDGFR (alpha and beta) and PDGF in vitro, while both receptor forms were detected as cleaved in vivo in the hemorrhagic process induced by HF3. These findings outline the multifactorial character of SVMP-induced tissue damage, including the transient activation of tissue proteinases, and underscore for the first time that endothelial glycocalyx proteoglycans and PDGFR are targets of SVMPs in the disruption of microvasculature integrity and generation of hemorrhage.
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38
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Liu L, Takeda K, Akkoyunlu M. Disease Stage-Specific Pathogenicity of CD138 (Syndecan 1)-Expressing T Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1569. [PMID: 32849532 PMCID: PMC7401833 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CD138 (syndecan 1), a member of the heparan-sulfate proteoglycan family, regulates diverse biological responses by interacting with chemokines, cytokines, growth factors, and adhesion molecules. Expression of CD138 has been detected on T cells from both healthy and sick mice mimicking systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease. However, the characteristics and the role of CD138+ T cells in SLE pathogenesis remain largely unknown. We analyzed the lupus-prone MRL/Lpr mice and the control MRL/MpJ strain as well as the common laboratory strains Balb/c, and C57BL/6 for CD138-expression and found that only the MRL/Lpr strain harbored TCRβ+CD138+ cells in various organs. The frequency of TCRβ+CD138+ cells progressively expanded in MRL/Lpr mice with age and correlated with disease severity. Majority of the TCRβ+CD138+ cells were CD4 and CD8 double-negative and 20% were CD4. At least a portion of TCRβ+CD138+ cells originated from CD4+ cells because substantial number of CD4+TCRβ+CD138- cells expressed CD138 after in vitro cultivation. Compared to TCRβ+CD138- cells, TCRβ+CD138+ cells exhibited central memory (Tcm) phenotype with reduced ability to proliferate and produce the cytokines IFNγ and IL-17. When co-cultured with B cells, the ability of TCRβ+CD138+ cells to promote plasma cell formation and autoreactive antibody production was dependent on the presence of autoantigen, CD4 co-receptor expression and cell-to-cell contact. Surprisingly, adoptively transferred TCRβ+CD138+ T cells slowed down disease progression in young recipient MRL/Lpr mice but had the opposite effect when DNA was co-administered with TCRβ+CD138+ T cells or when TCRβ+CD138+ cells were transferred to older MRL/Lpr mice with established disease. Thus, CD138-expressing T cells with Tcm phenotype enhance disease progression in SLE by rapidly activating autoreactive B cells when self-antigens are exposed to the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunhua Liu
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Division of Bacterial Parasitic and Allergenic Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Kazuyo Takeda
- Microscopy and Imaging Core Facility, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Mustafa Akkoyunlu
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Division of Bacterial Parasitic and Allergenic Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
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39
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Teixeira FCOB, Götte M. Involvement of Syndecan-1 and Heparanase in Cancer and Inflammation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1221:97-135. [PMID: 32274708 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34521-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan Syndecan-1 acts as an important co-receptor for receptor tyrosine kinases and chemokine receptors, and as an adhesion receptor for structural glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix. It serves as a substrate for heparanase, an endo-β-glucuronidase that degrades specific domains of heparan sulfate carbohydrate chains and thereby alters the functional status of the proteoglycan and of Syndecan-1-bound ligands. Syndecan-1 and heparanase show multiple levels of functional interactions, resulting in mutual regulation of their expression, processing, and activity. These interactions are of particular relevance in the context of inflammation and malignant disease. Studies in animal models have revealed a mechanistic role of Syndecan-1 and heparanase in the regulation of contact allergies, kidney inflammation, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and inflammation-associated tumorigenesis. Moreover, functional interactions between Syndecan-1 and heparanase modulate virtually all steps of tumor progression as defined in the Hallmarks of Cancer. Due to their prognostic value in cancer, and their mechanistic involvement in tumor progression, Syndecan-1 and heparanase have emerged as important drug targets. Data in preclinical models and preclinical phase I/II studies have already yielded promising results that provide a translational perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe C O B Teixeira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany.
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40
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Kumar-Singh A, Shrinet J, Parniewska MM, Fuxe J, Dobra K, Hjerpe A. Mapping the Interactome of the Nuclear Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan Syndecan-1 in Mesothelioma Cells. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071034. [PMID: 32664515 PMCID: PMC7408266 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Syndecan-1 (SDC1) is a cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), which regulates various signaling pathways controlling the proliferation and migration of malignant mesothelioma and other types of cancer. We have previously shown that SDC1 can translocate to the nucleus in mesothelioma cells through a tubulin-dependent transport mechanism. However, the role of nuclear SDC1 is largely unknown. Here, we performed co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) of SDC1 in a mesothelioma cell line to identify SDC1 interacting proteins. The precipitates contained a large number of proteins, indicating the recovery of protein networks. Proteomic analysis with a focus on nuclear proteins revealed an association with pathways related to cell proliferation and RNA synthesis, splicing and transport. In support of this, the top RNA splicing candidates were verified to interact with SDC1 by Co-IP and subsequent Western blot analysis. Further loss- and gain-of-function experiments showed that SDC1 influences RNA levels in mesothelioma cells. The results identify a proteomic map of SDC1 nuclear interactors in a mesothelioma cell line and suggest a previously unknown role for SDC1 in RNA biogenesis. The results should serve as a fundament for further studies to discover the role of nuclear SDC1 in normal and cancer cells of different origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar-Singh
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.K.-S.); (J.F.); (M.M.P.); (A.H.)
| | - Jatin Shrinet
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA;
| | - Malgorzata Maria Parniewska
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.K.-S.); (J.F.); (M.M.P.); (A.H.)
| | - Jonas Fuxe
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.K.-S.); (J.F.); (M.M.P.); (A.H.)
| | - Katalin Dobra
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.K.-S.); (J.F.); (M.M.P.); (A.H.)
- Division of Clinical Pathology/Cytology, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+46-8-484-1093
| | - Anders Hjerpe
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.K.-S.); (J.F.); (M.M.P.); (A.H.)
- Division of Clinical Pathology/Cytology, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden
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Brioudes E, Alibashe-Ahmed M, Lavallard V, Berney T, Bosco D. Syndecan-4 is regulated by IL-1β in β-cells and human islets. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 510:110815. [PMID: 32315719 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Syndecans (SDC) are important multifunctional components of the extracellular matrix mainly described in endothelial cells. We studied the expression and regulation of SDC in cultured MIN6B1 cells and pancreatic islets. qRT-PCR revealed that syndecan-4 (SDC4) was the predominant isoform expressed in MIN6B1 cells and islets compared to other forms of SDC. Immunofluorescence in mouse and human pancreas sections revealed that SDC4 is mainly expressed in β-cells compared to other pancreatic cells. Exposure of MIN6B1 and human islets to IL-1β dose-dependently induced a rapid and transient expression of SDC4 while SRC and STAT3 inhibitors decreased this effect. Exposure of human islets to Il-1β caused an increase of SDC4 shedding, however treatment with STAT3 and SRC inhibitors inhibited this effect. These results indicate that SDC4 is upregulated by IL-1β through the SRC-STAT3 pathway and this pathway is also involved in SDC4 shedding in islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Brioudes
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Mohamed Alibashe-Ahmed
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Lavallard
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Berney
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Domenico Bosco
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland
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42
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Adhesion and growth factor receptor crosstalk mechanisms controlling cell migration. Essays Biochem 2020; 63:553-567. [PMID: 31551325 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cell migration requires cells to sense and interpret an array of extracellular signals to precisely co-ordinate adhesion dynamics, local application of mechanical force, polarity signalling and cytoskeletal dynamics. Adhesion receptors and growth factor receptors (GFRs) exhibit functional and signalling characteristics that individually contribute to cell migration. Integrins transmit bidirectional mechanical forces and transduce long-range intracellular signals. GFRs are fast acting and highly sensitive signalling machines that initiate signalling cascades to co-ordinate global cellular processes. Syndecans are microenvironment sensors that regulate GTPases to control receptor trafficking, cytoskeletal remodelling and adhesion dynamics. However, an array of crosstalk mechanisms exists, which co-ordinate and integrate the functions of the different receptor families. Here we discuss the nature of adhesion receptor and GFR crosstalk mechanisms. The unifying theme is that efficient cell migration requires precise spatial and temporal co-ordination of receptor crosstalk. However, a higher order of complexity emerges; whereby multiple crosstalk mechanisms are integrated and subject to both positive and negative feedbacks. Exquisite and sensitive control of these mechanisms ensures that mechanical forces and pro-migratory signals are triggered in the right place and at the right time during cell migration. Finally, we discuss the challenges, and potential therapeutic benefits, associated with deciphering this complexity.
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Kidney allograft fibrosis: what we learned from latest translational research studies. J Nephrol 2020; 33:1201-1211. [PMID: 32193834 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-020-00726-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To add new molecular and pathogenetic insights into the biological machinery associated to kidney allograft fibrosis is a major research target in nephrology and organ transplant translational medicine. Interstitial fibrosis associated to tubular atrophy (IF/TA) is, in fact, an inevitable and progressive process that occurs in almost every type of chronic allograft injury (particularly in grafts from expanded criteria donors) characterized by profound remodeling and excessive production/deposition of fibrillar extracellular matrix (ECM) with a great clinical impact. IF/TA is detectable in more than 50% of kidney allografts at 2 years. However, although well studied, the complete cellular/biological network associated with IF/TA is only partially evaluated. In the last few years, then, thanks to the introduction of new biomolecular technologies, inflammation in scarred/fibrotic parenchyma areas (recently acknowledged by the BANFF classification) has been recognized as a pivotal element able to accelerate the onset and development of the allograft chronic damage. Therefore, in this review, we focused on some new pathogenetic elements involved in graft fibrosis (including epithelial/endothelial to mesenchymal transition, oxidative stress, activation of Wnt and Hedgehog signaling pathways, fatty acids oxidation and cellular senescence) that, in our opinion, could become in future good candidates as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Franco P, Pessolano E, Belvedere R, Petrella A, De Marco I. Supercritical impregnation of mesoglycan into calcium alginate aerogel for wound healing. J Supercrit Fluids 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2019.104711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Liyanage DS, Omeka WKM, Tharuka MDN, Jung S, Lee S, Lee J. Molecular insights and immune responses of big belly seahorse syndecan-2 (CD362): Involvement of ectodomain in regulating cell survival, proliferation, and wound healing. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:457-465. [PMID: 31982583 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Syndecan-2, also known as CD362, is a transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan which regulates cell growth, proliferation, cell adhesion, wound healing, and recruits immune cells. In the present study, we performed bioinformatics, spatial and temporal expression analyses of Hippocampus abdominalis syndecan-2 (HaSDC-2). Additionally, functional assays were conducted. HaSDC-2 has five major domains; an extracellular heparan sulfate attachment domain, a co-receptor binding domain, a transmembrane domain, two conserved domains (C1 domain, C2 domain), and a variable (V) domain. The ectodomain contained a signal peptide and GAG attachment sites. In-silico analysis revealed that HaSDC-2 contained a 798 bp long ORF and protein sequence of 265 amino acid residues. Further analysis of the amino acid sequence predicted a 28.9 kDa molecular weight and a 4.13 theoretical isoelectric point. The spatial expression of HaSDC-2 was ubiquitous in all tested tissues. HaSDC-2 expression in the liver was upregulated 24 h post-injection in response to all stimuli. Further, HaSDC-2 expression in blood cells was upregulated at 12 and 72 h post-injection in response to all the stimuli. HaSDC-2 + pcDNA™3.1(+) transfected cells exhibited significant survival in response to cell stressors such as H2O2 and HED. The ectodomain of recombinant HaSDC-2 treated cells showed significant cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. The scratch wound healing assay showed significant Δ gap closures with increasing concentrations of HaSDC-2. Collectively, these results indicated that syndecan-2 was involved in regulating immune responses and cell stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Liyanage
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - W K M Omeka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - M D Neranjan Tharuka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumi Jung
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukkyoung Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Recent advances in the field of glycobiology have exposed a multitude of biological processes that are controlled or influenced by proteoglycans, in both physiological and pathological conditions ranging from early embryonic development, inflammation, and fibrosis to tumor invasion and metastasis. The first part of this article reviews the biosynthesis of proteoglycans and their multifunctional roles in health and disease; the second part of this review focuses on their putative roles in peritoneal homeostasis and peritoneal inflammation and fibrosis in the context of chronic peritoneal dialysis and peritonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Yung
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tak Mao Chan
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Abstract
Syndecans are transmembrane proteoglycans with heparan and chondroitin sulfate chains attached to their extracellular domain. Like many proteoglycans, they interact with a large number of ligands, such as growth factors, adhesion receptors, soluble small molecules, proteinases, and other extracellular matrix proteins to initiate downstream signaling pathways. Syndecans play a major role in inflammation, mainly by regulating leukocyte extravasation and cytokine function. At the same time, syndecans can undergo cytokine mediated changes in their expression levels during inflammation. The function of syndecans during inflammation appears to depend on the stage of inflammation, sulfation of heparan/chondroitin sulfate chains, the rate of ectodomain shedding and the solubility of the ectodomains. From the current literature, it is clear that syndecans are not only involved in the initial recruitment of pro-inflammatory molecules but also in establishing a balanced progression of inflammation. This review will summarize how cell surface and soluble syndecans regulate multiple aspects of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Gopal
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Ge J, Cheng X, Yuan C, Qian J, Wu C, Cao C, Yang H, Zhou F, Zou J. Syndecan-4 is a Novel Therapeutic Target for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via Suppressing JNK/p53 Pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:766-776. [PMID: 32071547 PMCID: PMC7019137 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.40189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Syndecan-4 is a member of the polysaccharide syndecan family and plays a vital role in intervertebral disc development. Several studies have demonstrated the positive relationship between syndecan-4 expression and intervertebral disc degeneration. However, the detailed molecular mechanism by which syndecan-4 affects the degeneration of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) remains unclear. In this study, cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay, mRNA level was determined by qPCR, and protein expression was determined by western blot. Molecular interaction was determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. A rabbit intervertebral disc degeneration model was established to test for syndecan in vivo. We found that the morphology and viability of NPCs were not affected by the expression of syndecan-4 in the long term. While the NPC function were affected, which results in the degeneration of intervertebral disc. Syndecan-4 overexpression promoted the degeneration of NPCs. Syndecan-4 also activated the JNK signaling pathway and downstream p53 pathways, and promoted degeneration. Inhibition of the JNK pathway, which down-regulated p53 expression, alleviated the degeneration. In an in vivo study, syndecan-4 siRNA injection stopped the development of rabbit disc degeneration, and even created a reverse effect, in which JNK/p53 played a role. Syndecan-4 may be a novel therapeutic target for intervertebral disc degeneration via suppressing the JNK/p53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ge
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Chenxi Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Jiale Qian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Chunshen Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Cheng Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
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Greeley ET, Rochelson B, Krantz DA, Xue X, Carmichael JB, Ashour S, Woo S, Augustine S, Metz CN. Evaluation of Syndecan-1 as a Novel Biomarker for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:355-363. [DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Rigoglio NN, Rabelo ACS, Borghesi J, de Sá Schiavo Matias G, Fratini P, Prazeres PHDM, Pimentel CMMM, Birbrair A, Miglino MA. The Tumor Microenvironment: Focus on Extracellular Matrix. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1245:1-38. [PMID: 32266651 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40146-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates the development and maintains tissue homeostasis. The ECM is composed of a complex network of molecules presenting distinct biochemical properties to regulate cell growth, survival, motility, and differentiation. Among their components, proteoglycans (PGs) are considered one of the main components of ECM. Its composition, biomechanics, and anisotropy are exquisitely tuned to reflect the physiological state of the tissue. The loss of ECM's homeostasis is seen as one of the hallmarks of cancer and, typically, defines transitional events in tumor progression and metastasis. In this chapter, we discuss the types of proteoglycans and their roles in cancer. It has been observed that the amount of some ECM components is increased, while others are decreased, depending on the type of tumor. However, both conditions corroborate with tumor progression and malignancy. Therefore, ECM components have an increasingly important role in carcinogenesis and this leads us to believe that their understanding may be a key in the discovery of new anti-tumor therapies. In this book, the main ECM components will be discussed in more detail in each chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathia Nathaly Rigoglio
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Silveira Rabelo
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jessica Borghesi
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo de Sá Schiavo Matias
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Fratini
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Angelica Miglino
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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