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Miyamoto RY, de Melo RR, de Mesquita Sampaio IL, de Sousa AS, Morais ER, Sargo CR, Zanphorlin LM. Paradigm shift in xylose isomerase usage: a novel scenario with distinct applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:693-712. [PMID: 34641740 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1962241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Isomerases are enzymes that induce physical changes in a molecule without affecting the original molecular formula. Among this class of enzymes, xylose isomerases (XIs) are the most studied to date, partly due to their extensive application in industrial processes to produce high-fructose corn sirups. In recent years, the need for sustainable initiatives has triggered efforts to improve the biobased economy through the use of renewable raw materials. In this context, D-xylose usage is crucial as it is the second-most abundant sugar in nature. The application of XIs in biotransforming xylose, enabling downstream metabolism in several microorganisms, is a smart strategy for ensuring a low-carbon footprint and producing several value-added biochemicals with broad industrial applications such as in the food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and polymer industries. Considering recent advancements that have expanded the range of applications of XIs, this review provides a comprehensive and concise overview of XIs, from their primary sources to the biochemical and structural features that influence their mechanisms of action. This comprehensive review may help address the challenges involved in XI applications in different industries and facilitate the exploitation of xylose bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Yuji Miyamoto
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (FCF), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Rodrigues de Melo
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Lobo de Mesquita Sampaio
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.,Faculty of Food Engineering (FEA), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Amanda Silva de Sousa
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Edvaldo Rodrigo Morais
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.,Faculty of Food Engineering (FEA), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Cintia Regina Sargo
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Leticia Maria Zanphorlin
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
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Dokuzparmak C, Colak A, Kolcuoglu Y, Akatin MY, Ertunga NS, Tuncay FO. Development of Some Properties of a Thermophilic Recombinant Glucose Isomerase by Mutation. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683820020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wang X, Deng Z, Liu T. Marker‐Free System Using Ribosomal Promoters Enhanced Xylose/Glucose Isomerase Production inStreptomyces rubiginosus. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1900114. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030 P. R. China
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071 P. R. China
- Hubei Engineering Laboratory for Synthetic MicrobiologyWuhan Institute of BiotechnologyWuhan 430075 P. R. China
| | - Tiangang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071 P. R. China
- Hubei Engineering Laboratory for Synthetic MicrobiologyWuhan Institute of BiotechnologyWuhan 430075 P. R. China
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Design of operational temperature for immobilized glucose isomerise using an accelerated inactivation method. ACTA CHIMICA SLOVACA 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/acs-2018-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Thermal inactivation of immobilized glucose isomerase in a concentrated glucose solution was investigated in the batch mode and temperature range of 83–95 °C, which is substantially higher than the temperature used in the industrial production of high-fructose corn syrup. Simultaneous evaluation of all inactivation data showed that first-order kinetics with the Arrhenius temperature dependence of the rate constant provided a good approximation of the biocatalyst stability under the investigated conditions. The model parameters were then used to predict the operational temperature for this biocatalyst in the production of high-fructose corn syrup based on the set operational life-time of the biocatalyst. The simulation predicted a window of operational temperature of 60–65 °C, which corresponds very well with the industrial applications of this biocatalyst. This observation demonstrates that the multi-temperature method of enzyme inactivation can provide a good estimate of biocatalyst process stability and is thus a useful tool in the development of biocatalytic processes.
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Jemli S, Ayadi-Zouari D, Hlima HB, Bejar S. Biocatalysts: application and engineering for industrial purposes. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2014; 36:246-58. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2014.950550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Characterization of a mutant glucose isomerase from Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 41:1581-9. [PMID: 25139657 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-014-1478-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of site-directed mutant glucose isomerase at tryptophan 139 from Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum strain B6A were purified to gel electrophoretic homogeneity, and the biochemical properties were determined. W139F mutation is the most efficient mutant derivative with a tenfold increase in its catalytic efficiency toward glucose compared with the native GI. With a maximal activity at 80 °C of 59.58 U/mg on glucose, this mutant derivative is the most active type ever reported. The enzyme activity was maximal at 90 °C and like other glucose isomerase, this mutant enzyme required Co(2+) or Mg(2+) for enzyme activity and thermal stability (stable for 20 h at 80 °C in the absence of substrate). Its optimum pH was around 7.0, and it had 86 % of its maximum activity at pH 6.0 incubated for 12 h at 60 °C. This enzyme was determined as thermostable and weak-acid stable. These findings indicated that the mutant GI W139F from T. saccharolyticum strain B6A is appropriate for use as a potential candidate for high-fructose corn syrup producing enzyme.
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Probing the role of helix α1 in the acid-tolerance and thermal stability of the Streptomyces sp. SK Glucose Isomerase by site-directed mutagenesis. J Biotechnol 2014; 173:1-6. [PMID: 24440634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate the role of helix α1 in the different biochemical properties between class I and class II Glucose Isomerases, a histidine and a phenylalanine residue were inserted at position 17 and 19 of Streptomyces sp. SK Glucose Isomerase (SKGI). In addition, W16 was substituted by a histidine. The H17/F19 insertion displaced the optimal pH of SKGI from 6.5 to 7-8 and slightly decreased the thermostability. As for the W16H mutant, a shift in optimal pH of SKGI from 6.5 to 6 was observed along with a decrease in the enzyme thermostability at 85°C with a half-life time reduced twice compared to the wild-type enzyme. Three-dimensional structure analysis suggested that the insertion of a histidine at position 17 results in the formation of new hydrogen bond with D287, thereby preventing it from deprotonating the O2 hydroxyl of the sugar at low pH, while the substitution W16H induced opposite effect by preventing hydrogen bond formation between D287 and W16 and thereby probably facilitating the hydrogen transfer during the isomerization reaction. The findings highlight the essential role of helix α1, which bears the three introduced mutations, in the acid-tolerance and the thermostability of SKGI and of glucose isomerases in general.
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Deng H, Chen S, Wu D, Chen J, Wu J. Heterologous expression and biochemical characterization of glucose isomerase from Thermobifida fusca. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2013; 37:1211-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-013-1093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Differential properties of native and tagged or untagged recombinant glucose isomerases of Streptomyces sp. SK and possible implication of the glycosylation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Identification of critical residues for the activity and thermostability of Streptomyces sp. SK glucose isomerase. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:9715-26. [PMID: 23463249 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4784-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The role of residue 219 in the physicochemical properties of D-glucose isomerase from Streptomyces sp. SK strain (SKGI) was investigated by site-directed mutagenesis and structural studies. Mutants G219A, G219N, and G219F were generated and characterized. Comparative studies of their physicochemical properties with those of the wild-type enzyme highlighted that mutant G219A displayed increased specific activity and thermal stability compared to that of the wild-type enzyme, while for G219N and G219F, these properties were considerably decreased. A double mutant, SKGI F53L/G219A, displayed a higher optimal temperature and a higher catalytic efficiency than both the G219A mutant and the wild-type enzyme and showed a half-life time of about 150 min at 85 °C as compared to 50 min for wild-type SKGI. Crystal structures of SKGI wild-type and G219A enzymes were solved to 1.73 and 2.15 Å, respectively, and showed that the polypeptide chain folds into two structural domains. The larger domain consists of a (β/α)8 unit, and the smaller domain forms a loop of α helices. Detailed analyses of the three-dimensional structures highlighted minor but important changes in the active site region as compared to that of the wild-type enzyme leading to a displacement of both metal ions, and in particular that in site M2. The structural analyses moreover revealed how the substitution of G219 by an alanine plays a crucial role in improving the thermostability of the mutant enzyme.
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Mu W, Wang X, Xue Q, Jiang B, Zhang T, Miao M. Characterization of a thermostable glucose isomerase with an acidic pH optimum from Acidothermus cellulolyticus. Food Res Int 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Chanitnun K, Pinphanichakarn P. Glucose(xylose) isomerase production by Streptomyces sp. CH7 grown on agricultural residues. Braz J Microbiol 2012; 43:1084-93. [PMID: 24031932 PMCID: PMC3768894 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220120003000035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces sp. CH7 was found to efficiently produce glucose(xylose) isomerase when grown on either xylan or agricultural residues. This strain produced a glucose(xylose) isomerase activity of roughly 1.8 U/mg of protein when it was grown in medium containing 1% xylose as a carbon source. Maximal enzymatic activities of about 5 and 3 U/mg were obtained when 1% xylan and 2.5% corn husks were used, respectively. The enzyme was purified from a mycelial extract to 16-fold purity with only two consecutive column chromatography steps using Macro-prep DEAE and Sephacryl-300, respectively. The approximate molecular weight of the purified enzyme is 170 kDa, and it has four identical subunits of 43.6 kDa as estimated by SDS-PAGE. Its K m values for glucose and xylose were found to be 258.96 and 82.77 mM, respectively, and its V max values are 32.42 and 63.64 μM/min/mg, respectively. The purified enzyme is optimally active at 85°C and pH 7.0. It is stable at pH 5.5-8.5 and at temperatures up to 60°C after 30 min. These findings indicate that glucose(xylose) isomerase from Streptomyces sp. CH7 has the potential for industrial applications, especially for high-fructose syrup production and bioethanol fermentation from hemicellulosic hydrolysates by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kankiya Chanitnun
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330 , Thailand
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Ben Hlima H, Aghajari N, Ben Ali M, Haser R, Bejar S. Engineered glucose isomerase from Streptomyces sp. SK is resistant to Ca2+ inhibition and Co2+ independent. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 39:537-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-011-1061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The role of two amino acid residues linked to the two catalytic histidines His54 and His220 in kinetics and physicochemical properties of the Streptomyces sp. SK glucose isomerase (SKGI) was investigated by site-directed mutagenesis and molecular modeling. Two single mutations, F53L and G219D, and a double mutation F53L/G219D was introduced into the xylA SKGI gene. The F53L mutation increases the thermostability and the catalytic efficiency and also slightly shifts the optimum pH from 6.5 to 7, but displays a profile being similar to that of the wild-type enzyme concerning the effect of various metal ions. The G219D mutant is resistant to calcium inhibition retaining about 80% of its residual activity in 10 mM Ca2+ instead of 10% for the wild-type. This variant is activated by Mn2+ ions, but not Co2+, as seen for the wild-type enzyme. It does not require the latter for its thermostability, but has its half-life time displaced from 50 to 20 min at 85°C. The double mutation F53L/G219D restores the thermostability as seen for the wild-type enzyme while maintaining the resistance to the calcium inhibition. Molecular modeling suggests that the increase in thermostability is due to new hydrophobic interactions stabilizing α2 helix and that the resistance to calcium inhibition is a result of narrowing the binding site of catalytic ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajer Ben Hlima
- grid.412124.0 0000000123235644 Laboratoire de Microorganismes et de Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax Université de Sfax B.P 1177 Route de Sidi Mansour Km 6 3018 Sfax Tunisia
| | - Nushin Aghajari
- grid.25697.3f 0000 0001 2172 4233 Laboratoire de BioCristallographie et Biologie Structurale des Cibles Thérapeutiques, Bases Moléculaires et Structurales des Systèmes Infectieux UMR 5086–CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines FR3302, 7 Passage du Vercors 69367 Lyon cedex 07 France
| | - Mamdouh Ben Ali
- grid.412124.0 0000000123235644 Laboratoire de Microorganismes et de Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax Université de Sfax B.P 1177 Route de Sidi Mansour Km 6 3018 Sfax Tunisia
| | - Richard Haser
- grid.25697.3f 0000 0001 2172 4233 Laboratoire de BioCristallographie et Biologie Structurale des Cibles Thérapeutiques, Bases Moléculaires et Structurales des Systèmes Infectieux UMR 5086–CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines FR3302, 7 Passage du Vercors 69367 Lyon cedex 07 France
| | - Samir Bejar
- grid.412124.0 0000000123235644 Laboratoire de Microorganismes et de Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax Université de Sfax B.P 1177 Route de Sidi Mansour Km 6 3018 Sfax Tunisia
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Jollivet D, Mary J, Gagnière N, Tanguy A, Fontanillas E, Boutet I, Hourdez S, Segurens B, Weissenbach J, Poch O, Lecompte O. Proteome adaptation to high temperatures in the ectothermic hydrothermal vent Pompeii worm. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31150. [PMID: 22348046 PMCID: PMC3277501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Taking advantage of the massive genome sequencing effort made on thermophilic prokaryotes, thermal adaptation has been extensively studied by analysing amino acid replacements and codon usage in these unicellular organisms. In most cases, adaptation to thermophily is associated with greater residue hydrophobicity and more charged residues. Both of these characteristics are positively correlated with the optimal growth temperature of prokaryotes. In contrast, little information has been collected on the molecular 'adaptive' strategy of thermophilic eukaryotes. The Pompeii worm A. pompejana, whose transcriptome has recently been sequenced, is currently considered as the most thermotolerant eukaryote on Earth, withstanding the greatest thermal and chemical ranges known. We investigated the amino-acid composition bias of ribosomal proteins in the Pompeii worm when compared to other lophotrochozoans and checked for putative adaptive changes during the course of evolution using codon-based Maximum likelihood analyses. We then provided a comparative analysis of codon usage and amino-acid replacements from a greater set of orthologous genes between the Pompeii worm and Paralvinella grasslei, one of its closest relatives living in a much cooler habitat. Analyses reveal that both species display the same high GC-biased codon usage and amino-acid patterns favoring both positively-charged residues and protein hydrophobicity. These patterns may be indicative of an ancestral adaptation to the deep sea and/or thermophily. In addition, the Pompeii worm displays a set of amino-acid change patterns that may explain its greater thermotolerance, with a significant increase in Tyr, Lys and Ala against Val, Met and Gly. Present results indicate that, together with a high content in charged residues, greater proportion of smaller aliphatic residues, and especially alanine, may be a different path for metazoans to face relatively 'high' temperatures and thus a novelty in thermophilic metazoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Jollivet
- Adaptation & Diversité en Milieu Marin, CNRS UMR 7144, Roscoff, France.
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Purification and biochemical characterization of an atypical β-glucosidase from Stachybotrys microspora. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2011.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Song YS, Kim JE, Park C, Kim SW. Enhancement of glucose isomerase activity by pretreatment with substrates prior to immobilization. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-010-0464-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Involvement of cysteine 306 and alanine 63 in the thermostability and oligomeric organization of glucose isomerase from Streptomyces sp. SK. Biologia (Bratisl) 2009. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-009-0155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Jaouadi B, Ellouz-Chaabouni S, Rhimi M, Bejar S. Biochemical and molecular characterization of a detergent-stable serine alkaline protease from Bacillus pumilus CBS with high catalytic efficiency. Biochimie 2008; 90:1291-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2008.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2007] [Accepted: 03/13/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Givry S, Duchiron F. Optimization of culture medium and growth conditions for production of L-arabinose isomerase and D-xylose isomerase by Lactobacillus bifermentans. Microbiology (Reading) 2008. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261708030053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Rhimi M, Messaoud EB, Borgi MA, khadra KB, Bejar S. Co-expression of l-arabinose isomerase and d-glucose isomerase in E. coli and development of an efficient process producing simultaneously d-tagatose and d-fructose. Enzyme Microb Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2006.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Borgi MA, Rhimi M, Bejar S. Involvement of alanine 103 residue in kinetic and physicochemical properties of glucose isomerases fromStreptomyces species. Biotechnol J 2007; 2:254-9. [PMID: 17203501 DOI: 10.1002/biot.200600085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The Ala103 to Gly mutation, introduced within the glucose isomerase from Streptomyces sp. SK (SKGI) decreased its catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(m)) toward D-glucose from 7.1 to 3 mM(-1) min(-1). The reverse counterpart replacement Gly103Ala introduced into the glucose isomerase of Streptomyces olivochromogenes (SOGI) considerably improved its catalytic efficiency to be 6.7 instead of 3.2 mM(-1) min(-1). This later mutation also increased the half-life time of the enzyme from 70 to 95 min at 80 degrees C and mainly modified its pH profile. These results provide evidence that the residue Ala103 plays an essential role in the kinetic and physicochemical properties of glucose isomerases from Streptomyces species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ali Borgi
- Laboratory of Prokaryotic Enzymes and Metabolites, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Guo K, Ma X, Sun G, Zhao Y, Li X, Zhao W, Kai L. Expression and characterization of a thermostable sarcosine oxidase (SOX) from Bacillus sp. in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2006; 73:559-66. [PMID: 16977470 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-006-0502-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2006] [Revised: 05/12/2006] [Accepted: 05/15/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A heat-stable sarcosine oxidase produced by Bacillus sp. BSD-8 (SOX) had been studied and its complete gene sequence, which contained 1,164 bp nucleotides and encoded a protein of 387 amino acids, was obtained by DNA Walking method. The sox gene was cloned and functionally overexpressed in E. coli and the recombinant SOX (rSOX) was purified to homogeneity, its properties was studied and compared with the wild type of SOX. The rSOX as well as SOX was stable at 60 degrees C and at pH 7.0 approximately 10.0, respectively. The optimal temperature for this enzyme was 60 degrees C and at pH 8.5, it showed its highest activity. The Km and Kcat of the enzyme was 3.1 mM and 20.3/s, respectively. The difference between the properties of the SOX and rSOX was that the SOX contained noncovalent FAD, whereas the rSOX contained covalent FAD. The study also showed that an increased number of alanine residues in the rSOX might have some contribution in the enzymatic thermostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangping Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 268 , Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou 310029, People's Republic of China
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Mezghani M, Borgi MA, Kammoun R, Aouissaoui H, Bejar S. Construction of new stable strain over-expressing the glucose isomerase of the Streptomyces sp. SK strain. Enzyme Microb Technol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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