1
|
Peng Y, Qu R, Xu S, Bi H, Guo D. Regulatory mechanism and therapeutic potentials of naringin against inflammatory disorders. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24619. [PMID: 38317884 PMCID: PMC10839891 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Naringin is a natural flavonoid with therapeutic properties found in citrus fruits and an active natural product from herbal plants. Naringin has become a focus of attention in recent years because of its ability to actively participate in the body's immune response and maintain the integrity of the immune barrier. This review aims to elucidate the mechanism of action and therapeutic efficacy of naringin in various inflammatory diseases and to provide a valuable reference for further research in this field. The review provided the chemical structure, bioavailability, pharmacological properties, and pharmacokinetics of naringin and found that naringin has good therapeutic potential for inflammatory diseases, exerting anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative stress, anti-ulcerative and detoxifying effects in the disease. Moreover, we found that the great advantage of naringin treatment is that it is safe and can even alleviate the toxic side effects associated with some of the other drugs, which may become a highlight of naringin research. Naringin, an active natural product, plays a significant role in systemic diseases' anti-inflammatory and antioxidant regulation through various signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Peng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Ruyi Qu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Shuqin Xu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Hongsheng Bi
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Dadong Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abdalhameid E, Abd El-Haleim EA, Abdelsalam RM, Georgy GS, Fawzy HM, Kenawy SA. Cinnamic acid mitigates methotrexate-induced lung fibrosis in rats: comparative study with pirfenidone. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1071-1079. [PMID: 37581637 PMCID: PMC10791841 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02652-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung fibrosis is a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by excessive accumulation of scarred tissue, leading to lung architecture destruction and restricted ventilation. The current work was conducted to examine the probable shielding influence of cinnamic acid against lung fibrosis induced by methotrexate. METHODS Rats were pre-treated with oral administration of cinnamic acid (50 mg/kg/day) for 14 days, whereas methotrexate (14 mg/kg) was orally given on the 5th and 12th days of the experiment. Pirfenidone (50 mg/kg/day) was used as a standard drug. At the end of the experiment, oxidative parameters (malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide, and total glutathione) and inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-8), as well as transforming growth factor-β and collagen content, as fibrosis indicators, were measured in lung tissue. RESULTS Our results revealed that cinnamic acid, as pirfenidone, effectively prevented the methotrexate-induced overt histopathological damage. This was associated with parallel improvements in oxidative, inflammatory, and fibrotic parameters measured. The outcomes of cinnamic acid administration were more or less the same as those of pirfenidone. In conclusion, pre-treatment with cinnamic acid protects against methotrexate-induced fibrosis, making it a promising prophylactic adjuvant therapy to methotrexate and protecting against its possible induction of lung fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman Abdalhameid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Giza, Egypt.
| | - Enas A Abd El-Haleim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M Abdelsalam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Biology, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gehan S Georgy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Hala M Fawzy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Sanaa A Kenawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kankılıç NA, Şimşek H, Akaras N, Gür C, İleritürk M, Küçükler S, Akarsu SA, Kandemir FM. Protective effects of naringin on colistin-induced damage in rat testicular tissue: Modulating the levels of Nrf-2/HO-1, AKT-2/FOXO1A, Bax/Bcl2/Caspase-3, and Beclin-1/LC3A/LC3B signaling pathways. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23643. [PMID: 38348713 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial agent resistance has become a growing health issue across the world. Colistin (COL) is one of the drugs used in the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacteria resulting in toxic effects. Naringin (NRG), a natural flavonoid, has come to the fore as its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. The aim of the present study was to determine whether NRG has protective effects on COL-induced toxicity in testicular tissue. Thirty-five male Spraque rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 7 per group): Control, COL, NRG, COL + NRG 50, COL + NRG 100. COL (15 mg/kg b.w., i.p., once per/day), and NRG (50 or 100 mg/kg, oral, b.w./once per/day) were administered for 7 days. The parameters of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagic damage were evaluated by using biochemical, molecular, western blot, and histological methods in testicular issues. NRG treatment reversed the increased malondialdehyde level and reduced antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione) levels due to COL administration (p < 0.001), and oxidative stress damage was mitigated. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 pathway, one of the antioxidant defence systems, was stimulated by NRG (p < 0.001). NRG treatment reduced the levels of markers for the pathways of apoptotic (p < 0.001) and autophagic (p < 0.001) damages induced by COL. Sperm viability and the live/dead ratio were reduced by COL but enhanced by NRG treatment. Testicular tissue integrity was damaged by COL but showed a tendency to improve by NRG. In conclusion, COL exhibited toxic effect on testicular tissue by elevating the levels of oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, and tissue damage. NRG demonstrated a protective effect by alleviating toxic damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hasan Şimşek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Akaras
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Cihan Gür
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa İleritürk
- Department of Animal Science, Horasan Vocational College, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Serkan A Akarsu
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih M Kandemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rai R, Ahmad Z, Jain SK, Jat D, Mishra SK. Naringenin suppresses aluminum-induced experimental hepato-nephrotoxicity in mice through modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. Toxicol Res 2024; 40:97-110. [PMID: 38223678 PMCID: PMC10786781 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-023-00209-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aluminum is a widely used metal substance in daily life activities that has been shown to cause severe hepato-nephrotoxicity with long-term exposure. Natural dietary flavonoids are being utilized as a newer pharmaceutical approach against various acute and chronic diseases. Naringenin (NAR) has shown efficient therapeutic properties, including effects against metal toxicities. However, the protective efficacy of NAR on aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced hepato-renal toxicity needs investigation as aluminum has shown serious environmental toxicity and bioaccumulation behavior. In this study, mice were treated with AlCl3 (10 mg/kg b.w./day) to assess toxicities, and a group of mice were co-treated with NAR (10 mg/kg b.w./day) to assess the protective effects of NAR against hepato-nephrotoxicity. The levels of blood serum enzymes, oxidative stress biomarkers, inflammatory cytokines, and the apoptosis marker caspase-3 were measured using histological examinations. NAR treatment in AlCl3-treated mice resulted in maintained levels of liver and kidney function enzymes and lipid profiles. NAR treatment attenuated oxidative stress by regulating the levels of nitric oxide, advance oxidation of protein products, protein carbonylation, and lipid peroxidation. NAR also replenished reduced antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and reduced the levels of glutathione and oxidized glutathione. NAR regulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and elevated the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ). The histological study further confirmed the protective effects of NAR against AlCl3-induced hepato-renal alterations. NAR decreased the expression of caspase-3 as a mechanism of protective effects against apoptotic damage in the liver and kidney of AlCl3-treated mice. In summary, this study demonstrated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of NAR, leading to the suppression of AlCl3-triggered hepato-renal apoptosis and histological alterations. The results suggest that aluminum toxicity needs to be monitored in daily life usage, and supplementation of the natural dietary flavonoid naringenin may help maintain liver and kidney health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravina Rai
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, 470003 M.P India
| | - Zaved Ahmad
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, 470003 M.P India
| | - Subodh Kumar Jain
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, 470003 M.P India
| | - Deepali Jat
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, 470003 M.P India
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Akintunde JK, Falomo IM, Akinbohun OM, Erinoso SO, Ugwor E, Folayan AD, Ateate AD. Naringin corrects renal failure related to Lesch-Nyhan disease in a rat model via NOS-cAMP-PKA and BDNF/TrkB pathways. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23558. [PMID: 37865952 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the effect of naringin (NAR) on HGPRT1 deficiency and hyperuricemia through NOS-cAMP-PKA and BDNF/TrkB signaling pathways induced by caffeine (CAF) and KBrO3 in a rat model. Sixty-three adult male albino rats were randomly assigned into nine (n = 7) groups. Group I: control animals, Group II was treated with 100 mg/kg KBrO3 , Group III was treated with 250 mg/kg CAF, Group IV was treated with 100 mg/kg KBrO3 + 250 mg/kg CAF, Group V was administered with 100 mg/kg KBrO3 + 100 mg/kg haloperidol, Group VI was administered with 100 mg/kg KBrO3 + 50 mg/kg NAR, Group VII was administered with 500 mg/kg CAF + 50 mg/kg NAR, and Group VIII was administered with 100 mg/kg KBrO3 + 250 mg/kg CAF + 50 mg/kg NAR. Finally, group IX was treated with 50 mg/kg NAR. The exposure of rats to KBrO3 and CAF for 21 days induced renal dysfunction linked with Lesch-Nyhan disease. NAR obliterated renal dysfunction linked with Lesch-Nyhan disease by decreasing uric acid, renal malondialdehyde level, inhibiting the activities of arginase, and phosphodiesterase-51 (PDE-51) with corresponding upregulation of brain derived-neurotrophic factor and its receptor (BDNF-TrkB), Bcl11b, HGPRT1, and DARPP-32. Additionally, renal failure related to Lesch-Nyhan disease was remarkably corrected by NAR as shown by the reduced activities of AChE and enzymes of ATP hydrolysis (ATPase, AMPase, and ADA) with affiliated increase in the NO level. This study therefore validates NAR as nontoxic and effective chemotherapy against kidney-related Lesch-Nyhan disease by mitigating effects of toxic food additives and enzymes of ATP-hydrolysis via NOS-cAMP-PKA and BDNF/TrkB signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob K Akintunde
- Molecular Toxicology and Biomedical Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Idowu M Falomo
- Molecular Toxicology and Biomedical Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Oreoluwa M Akinbohun
- Molecular Toxicology and Biomedical Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - S O Erinoso
- Molecular Toxicology and Biomedical Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Ugwor
- Molecular Toxicology and Biomedical Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Adeniyi D Folayan
- Molecular Toxicology and Biomedical Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - A D Ateate
- Molecular Toxicology and Biomedical Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abdel-Wahab WM, Daifalla NS, Essawy AE. L-methionine protects against nephrotoxicity induced by methotrexate through modulation of redox status and inflammation. Redox Rep 2023; 28:2270886. [PMID: 37931136 PMCID: PMC10629423 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2270886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Methotrexate (MTX) is a drug used in the treatment of cancer and autoimmune disorders; however, its clinical use is limited because of serious side effects including renal toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Lmethionine (L-Met) on MTX toxicity in the kidneys of rats.Methods: Thirty male rats were divided equally into five groups: control (saline), Met400 (400 mg/kg L-Met), MTX (20 mg/kg MTX), MTX-Met300 (300 mg/kg L-Met and 20 mg/kg MTX), and MTX-Met400 (400 mg/kg L-Met and 20 mg/kg MTX). Rats were euthanized one day after the last dose administration (day 16) and serum and renal tissue samples were collected. Renal function and injury indices, oxidative stress/antioxidant indices and proinflammatory cytokines were evaluated.Results: The results showed that L-Met could effectively counteract the nephrotoxic effects of MTX, in a dose-related manner, by improving most of the tested parameters. Furthermore, the higher dose of L-Met was able to restore several parameters to normal levels. In addition, investigation of MTX-induced hematological changes revealed a corrective potential of L-Met.Conclusion: L-Met can be an effective adjuvant therapy to modulate renal toxicity associated with MTX because of its antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wessam M. Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada S. Daifalla
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amina E. Essawy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao LL, Jayeoye TJ, Ashaolu TJ, Olatunji OJ. Pinostrobin, a dietary bioflavonoid exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic protective effects against methotrexate-induced ovarian toxicity in rats. Tissue Cell 2023; 85:102254. [PMID: 37866152 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective activities of pinostrobin (PIN) against methotrexate (MTX)-induced ovarian toxicity. Female rats were administered with PIN (50 mg/kg) for 4 weeks, while MTX was administered from weeks 2-4 of PIN treatment. Serum hormonal profiles, ovarian oxidative stress, inflammatory and apoptotic biomarkers as well as ovarian histomorphometry were evaluated. MTX administration elicited profound deficit in serum progesterone and estrogen (E2) levels, while luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were significantly increased. Additionally, MTX administration was associated with significant increases in ovarian malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, NF-кB, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, iNOS and caspase-3 activity, as well as notable reduction in the activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase as well as the level of glutathione. Whereas, treatment with PIN significantly decreased serum levels of FSH and LH, as well as ovarian levels of NO, MDA, caspase 3, NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and iNOS. PIN also significantly upregulated GSH, GPx, CAT and SOD in the ovarian tissues as well as increased serum E2 and progesterone levels compared to the MTX group. Furthermore, PIN significantly restored altered ovarian histoarchitecture in the treated group. These findings suggests that PIN exerts protective effects against MTX-triggered ovarian damages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Titilope John Jayeoye
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Radwan SM, Alqulaly M, Elsaeed MY, Elshora SZ, Atwa AH, Wasfey EF. L-carnitine reverses methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity in experimental rat model: Insight on SIRT1/PGC-1α/Nrf2/HO-1 axis. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:1667-1675. [PMID: 37312617 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a chemotherapeutic agent used for treating several types of cancer as well as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis, but its use is limited due to its nephrotoxicity. The purpose of this research work was to observe ameliorative effects of L-carnitine (LC) toward renal toxicity caused by MTX and mechanisms responsible for these effects. Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups (eight rats/group), control group (received saline), MTX group (20 mg/kg/i.p. once), LC group (500 mg/kg/i.p. for 5 days), and MTX + LC group (received a single MTX dose 20 mg/kg/i.p. followed by LC 500 mg/kg/i.p. for 5 days). Histopathological examinations, lipid oxidation marker, malondialdehyde (MDA), and the antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α] and interleukin-6 [IL-6]) and apoptotic markers (Bax, Bcl2, and caspase-3) were used to assess renal toxicity. Moreover, the protein levels of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and its downstream signaling targets, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in addition to heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were measured. LC significantly protected against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity. It ameliorated MTX-induced renal histopathological changes and diminished MTX-induced renal oxidative stress, renal inflammation, and apoptosis. LC also upregulated the expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1 as well as Nrf2 and HO-1. By controlling the expression of renal SIRT1/PGC-1/Nrf2/HO-1, LC displayed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. Hence, using LC supplements may help prevent negative MTX side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Radwan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Alqulaly
- Physiology Department, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Magdy Y Elsaeed
- Physiology Department, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Z Elshora
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa H Atwa
- Forensic medicine and clinical toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman F Wasfey
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Katturajan R, Evan Prince S. Zinc and L-carnitine combination with or without methotrexate prevents intestinal toxicity during arthritis treatment via Nrf2/Sirt1/Foxo3 pathways: an In vivo and molecular docking approach. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2599-2614. [PMID: 37405586 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01280-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is an antifolate that is inescapable and widely used to treat autoimmune diseases and is the gold standard medicine for the arthritic condition. Despite its importance, it is more prone to gastrointestinal toxicity, which is most common in arthritis patients during MTX treatment. Combination therapies are required to ensure MTX's antiarthritic activity while providing gastrointestinal protection. Zinc (Zn) and L-carnitine (Lc) are well-known potent antioxidants and anti-inflammatory supplements with promising results in pre-clinical studies. Arthritis was induced in Wistar rat's ankles with Freund's adjuvant and treated with either MTX (2.5 mg/kg b.w per week for two weeks) or Zn (18 mg/kg b.w. per day) Lc (200 mg/kg b.w. per day) individually or in combination (MTX + Zn Lc). The antiarthritic effects were evaluated by body weight, paw volume, ankle tissue, and joint histopathology. At the same time, anti-toxicity/gastrointestinal protective activity was examined by tissue oxidative stress markers, antioxidants, mitochondrial function, inflammatory mediators, and antioxidant signaling proteins and their binding mechanism. Repercussions of MTX intoxication induced upregulation of oxidative stress markers, antioxidant depletion, ATP depletion, decreased expression of Nrf2/Sirt1/Foxo3, and the overexpression of inflammatory mediators attenuated by co-treatment with Zn Lc. Zn Lc markedly mitigated MTX-instigated intestinal injury by activating antioxidant signaling mechanisms Nrf2/Sirt1/Foxo3 signaling and tissue architectural anomalies and exhibited an enhanced antiarthritic effect. In conclusion, we report that Zn Lc and MTX combination could presumably protect the intestine from low-dose MTX which managed arthritis but induced severe intestinal damage with increased inflammation and downregulated Nrf2/Sirt1/Foxo3 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Katturajan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sabina Evan Prince
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ahmed S, Mahony CB, Torres A, Murillo-Saich J, Kemble S, Cedeno M, John P, Bhatti A, Croft AP, Guma M. Dual inhibition of glycolysis and glutaminolysis for synergistic therapy of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:176. [PMID: 37730663 PMCID: PMC10510293 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03161-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synovial fibroblasts in rheumatoid arthritis (RAFLS) exhibit a pathological aberration of glycolysis and glutaminolysis. Henceforth, we aimed to investigate if dual inhibition of these pathways by phytobiological compound c28MS has the potential of synergistic therapy for arthritis by targeting both glucose and glutamine metabolism. METHODS The presence of HK2 and GLS across various cell types and associated gene expression in human synovial cells and a murine model of arthritis was evaluated by scRNA-seq. The metabolic profiling of RAFLS cells was done using H1-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy under glycolytic and glutaminolytic inhibitory conditions by incubating with 3-bromopyruvate, CB839, or dual inhibitor c28MS. FLS functional analysis was conducted under similar conditions. ELISA was employed for the quantification of IL-6, CCL2, and MMP3. K/BxN sera was administered to mice to induce arthritis for in vivo arthritis experiments. RESULTS scRNA-seq analysis revealed that many fibroblasts expressed Hk2 along with Gls with several genes including Ptgs2, Hif1a, Timp1, Cxcl5, and Plod2 only associated with double-positive fibroblasts, suggesting that dual inhibition can be an attractive target for fibroblasts. Metabolomic and functional analysis revealed that c28MS decreased the aggressive behavior of RAFLS by targeting both upregulated glycolysis and glutaminolysis. c28MS administered in vivo significantly decreased the severity of arthritis in the K/BxN model. CONCLUSION Our findings imply that dual inhibition of glycolysis and glutaminolysis could be an effective approach for the treatment of RA. It also suggests that targeting more than one metabolic pathway can be a novel treatment approach in non-cancer diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanzay Ahmed
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christopher B Mahony
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alyssa Torres
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Murillo-Saich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Samuel Kemble
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Martha Cedeno
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Peter John
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Attya Bhatti
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Adam P Croft
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Monica Guma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jutrić D, Đikić D, Boroš A, Odeh D, Gračan R, Beletić A, Jurčević IL. Combined effects of valproate and naringin on kidney antioxidative markers and serum parameters of kidney function in C57BL6 mice. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2023; 74:218-223. [PMID: 37791674 PMCID: PMC10549880 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Valproate is known to disturb the kidney function, and high doses or prolonged intake may cause serum ion imbalance, kidney tubular acidosis, proteinuria, hyperuricosuria, polyuria, polydipsia, and dehydration. The aim of this in vivo study was to see whether naringin would counter the adverse effects of high-dose valproate in C57Bl/6 mice and to which extent. As expected, valproate (150 mg/kg bw a day for 10 days) caused serum hyperkalaemia, more in male than female mice. Naringin reversed (25 mg/kg bw a day for 10 days) the hyperkalaemia and activated antioxidative defence mechanisms (mainly catalase and glutathione), again more efficiently in females. In males naringin combined with valproate was not as effective and even showed some prooxidative effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Jutrić
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, Zagreb, Croatia
- Regionshospitalet Gødstrup, Herning, Denmark
| | - Domagoj Đikić
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Almoš Boroš
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, Zagreb, Croatia
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physiology, Prague, Czechia
| | - Dyana Odeh
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Romana Gračan
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anđelo Beletić
- Genos Ltd., Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ajtony Z, Sik B, Csuti A. Examining the Naringin Content and Sensory Characteristics of Functional Chocolate Fortified with Grapefruit Peel Extract. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 78:533-538. [PMID: 37594558 PMCID: PMC10495487 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Grapefruit peel contains a high concentration of naringin- a potent antioxidant with strong bioactive properties. In this study, a new type of functional chocolate fortified with grapefruit peel extract and different concentrations of aqueous methanol and ethanol were evaluated as extraction solvents. A new high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to analyze the naringin content of the fortified chocolates was developed with a recovery of 107% ± 3.1% and repeatability below 3.5%. A sensory evaluation was conducted to assess the preference for the chocolates among individuals who self-described a preference for bitter flavors. No significant preference was observed in the cases of astringency and aftertaste while the increased bitterness proved to be favorable. However, taste, flavor and overall acceptability were regarded somewhat less favorably. While chocolate proved to be a satisfactory carrier for naringin and had several enjoyable characteristics, further research may focus on improving the organoleptic properties of chocolates fortified by naringin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Ajtony
- Department of Food Science, Albert Casimir Faculty at Mosonmagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200, Hungary
| | - Beatrix Sik
- Department of Food Science, Albert Casimir Faculty at Mosonmagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200, Hungary.
| | - Aron Csuti
- Department of Food Science, Albert Casimir Faculty at Mosonmagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khalil MI, Agamy AF, Elshewemi SS, Sultan AS, Abdelmeguid NE. Pterostilbene induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells: Biochemical, pathological, and molecular markers. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103717. [PMID: 37483838 PMCID: PMC10359945 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered the sixth most prevalent cancer and ranked third in causes leading to death. Pterostilbene (PTE), a dimethylated analog of resveratrol, is a phytochemical found in fruits such as blueberries and grapes, and is known for its anticancer effect. The current study intended to investigate the effect of PTE on HepG2 cells. Cell viability, colony-forming potential, lipid peroxidation, catalase enzyme (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and caspase 3 activities, histone release, and expression levels of mTOR, S6K1, p53, and STAT3 proteins were assessed in PTE-treated HepG2 cells. In addition, the cellular and ultrastructural alterations were evaluated by light and transmission electron microscopy. PTE induced a significant reduction in HepG2 viability in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 of PTE = 74 ± 6 μM), accompanied by a decrease in colony formation potential. PTE-treated cancer cells exhibited a decrease in lipid peroxidation and CAT activity, and an increase in histone release, caspase-3, and SOD activities. Ultrastructurally, PTE-treated cells exhibited notable cell shrinkage, reduced number of filopodia, increased vacuolization, apoptotic bodies, accumulation of lipid droplets, enlarged mitochondria, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, pyknotic nuclei, and cellular fragmentation. mTOR, S6K1, and STAT3 levels were downregulated, however p53 level was modulated in PTE-treated cells. The anticancer potential of PTE might be related to its ability to alter the ultrastructure morphology, reduce mitotic activity, and modulate some key protein required for cell proliferation, suggesting its potential to trigger cancer cells towards apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud I. Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Lebanon
- Molecular Biology Unit, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Alaa F. Agamy
- Molecular Biology Unit, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed S. Sultan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nithiyanandam S, Evan Prince S. Caesalpinia bonducella mitigates oxidative damage by paracetamol intoxication in the kidney and intestine via modulating pro/anti-inflammatory and apoptotic signaling: an In vivo mechanistic insight. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:176. [PMID: 37188289 PMCID: PMC10175523 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03601-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Protracted use of paracetamol at therapeutic/toxic doses readily induces major organ toxicity and poor clinical efficacy. Caesalpinia bonducella seeds possess a diverse range of biological and therapeutic activities. Thus, our study aimed to scrutinize the toxic effects of paracetamol and the potential renal and intestinal protective effects of Caesalpinia bonducella seed extract (CBSE). To Wistar rats, CBSE was administered for 8 days (300 mg/kg, p.o.) with or without paracetamol (2000 mg/kg, p.o.) on the 8th day. Pertinent toxicity assessments in the kidney and intestine were analyzed at the end of the study. The CBASE's phytochemical components were examined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). After the study period, study findings evidenced that paracetamol intoxication induced elevation of renal enzyme indicators, oxidative damage, imbalance with the pro/anti-inflammatory production and pro/anti-apoptotic mediators, and tissue injury; all repercussions were alleviated by pre-treatment with CBASE. CBASE considerably reduced (P < 0.05) paracetamol-induced kidney and intestine injury by limiting caspase-8/3 signaling and amplification of inflammation in renal and intestinal tissue by significantly reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine production. As per the GC-MS report, three main bioactive components-Piperine, Isocaryophyllene, and Tetradec-13-en-11-yn-1-ol were predominant and have protective activities. Our study ascertains that CBSE pre-treatment exerts potent renal and intestine protection against paracetamol intoxication. Thus, CBSE could be a prospective therapeutic candidate for protecting the kidney and intestine from the severity of paracetamol intoxication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha Nithiyanandam
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sabina Evan Prince
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wani FA, Ibrahim MA, Ameen SH, Farage AE, Ali ZAE, Saleh K, Farag MM, Sayeed MU, Alruwaili MAY, Alruwaili AHF, Aljared AZA, Galhom RA. Platelet Rich Plasma and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Mitigate Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rat via Nrf2/Pparγ/HO-1 and NF-Κb/Keap1/Caspase-3 Signaling Pathways: Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis Interplay. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11050398. [PMID: 37235213 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND the nephrotoxicity of methotrexate (MTX) is observed in high-dose therapy. Moreover, low-dose MTX therapy for rheumatic diseases is debatable and claimed to cause renal impairment. This study aimed at studying the effect of methotrexate in repeated low doses on rat kidneys and assessing the efficacy of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) and platelet rich plasma (PRP) for attenuating this effect. METHODS Forty-two male Wistar rats were used, 10 rats were donors of AD-MSCs and PRP, 8 rats served as control, and the remaining rats were subjected to induction of nephrotoxicity by MTX intraperitoneal injection once weekly for successive 8 weeks and then assigned into 3 groups of 8 animals each: Group II: received MTX only. Group III: received MTX + PRP. Group IV: received MTX + AD-MSCs. After one month, rats were anaesthetized, serum-sampled, and renal tissue removed for biochemical, histological, and ultrastructural evaluation. RESULTS there was significant tubular degeneration, glomerulosclerosis, fibrosis, decreased renal index, along with increased levels of urea and creatinine in the MTX group compared to the control group. Immunohistochemical expression of caspase-3 and iNOS in the renal tissue was significantly increased in group II compared to groups III and IV. Biochemical results revealed higher tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in the MTX-injected group which decreased significantly in co-treatment with either AD-MSC or PRP + MTX. MSC promoted the activation of the Nrf2/PPARγ/HO-1 and NF-κB/Keap1/caspase-3 pathways, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, reduced lipid peroxidation levels, and alleviated oxidative damage and apoptosis. PRP showed therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms similar to MSC. Furthermore, MSC and PRP treatment significantly reduced MTX-induced upregulation of the pro-inflammatory (NF-κB, interleukin-1ß, and TNF-α), oxidative stress (Nrf-2, hemoxygenase-1, glutathione, and malondialdehyde), and nitrosative stress (iNOS) markers in the kidney. CONCLUSION repeated administration of low-dose MTX resulted in massive renal tissue toxicity and deterioration of renal function in rats which proved to be attenuated by PRP and AD-MSCs through their anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-fibrotic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farooq A Wani
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahrous A Ibrahim
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 41412, Saudi Arabia
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Shimaa H Ameen
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Alsharqia 44519, Egypt
| | - Amira E Farage
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Zinab Abd-Elhady Ali
- Vice Deanship for Academic Affairs, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaldoon Saleh
- Vice Deanship for Academic Affairs, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Medhat M Farag
- Medical Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed U Sayeed
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Rania A Galhom
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo 11829, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Afkhami Fard L, Malekinejad H, Esmaeilzadeh Z, Jafari A, Khezri MR, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. Protective effects of sitagliptin on methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2023; 41:22-35. [PMID: 37010136 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2023.2186683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX), a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressant agent, is widely used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and different types of cancers. However, its use has been limited by its life-threatening side effects, including nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of sitagliptin on methotrexate (MTX)-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups: control group, which received the vehicle for 6 days; MTX group, which received a single dose of MTX, followed by five daily doses of vehicle dosing; MTX + sitagliptin group, which received a single dose of MTX 1 h after the first sitagliptin treatment and six daily doses of sitagliptin; and sitagliptin group, which received sitagliptin for 6 days. Both MTX and sitagliptin were given as intraperitoneal injections at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight. All rats were euthanized on the seventh day of the study. Kidney tissues were harvested and blood samples were collected. Serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were evaluated. Furthermore, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined in kidney tissue. In addition, histopathological analysis was conducted. Histopathological evaluation showed that MTX-induced marked kidney injury. Biochemical analysis revealed a significant increase of BUN and creatinine in the serum of the MTX group. Furthermore, oxidative stress and depressed antioxidant system of the kidney tissues were evident in the MTX group. Sitagliptin did not affect these endpoints when administered alone, but it significantly attenuated the observed MTX-induced effects. These results suggest that sitagliptin exhibits potent anti-oxidant properties against the nephrotoxicity induced by MTX in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Afkhami Fard
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hassan Malekinejad
- Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zeinab Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Abbas Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Salama AAA, Yassen NN, Mansour HM. Naringin protects mice from D-galactose-induced lung aging and mitochondrial dysfunction: Implication of SIRT1 pathways. Life Sci 2023; 324:121471. [PMID: 36746356 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Aging is the leading risk factor for diminishing lung function, as well as injury and lung disorder. The target of our research was to examine the potential protective effect of naringin and the possible role of SIRT1 in mice with D-galactose-induced lung aging, by evaluating its effects on antioxidant systems, mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy, and apoptosis, by referring to the potential involvement of Nrf2/NQO1, LKB1/AMPK/PGC-1α, FOXO1, and P53/caspase-3 signaling. MATERIAL AND METHODS The mice were randomly sorted into 5 groups (10 each): 1st: normal group received subcutaneous normal saline and intragastric distilled water, 2nd: naringin 300 mg/kg orally, 3rd: D-galactose (200 mg/kg/day) was administered subcutaneously into mice for eight weeks, to accelerate aging, 4th & 5th: oral naringin (150, 300 mg/kg) was given daily concurrently with D-galactose injection for 8 weeks. KEY FINDING In silico investigation revealed that naringin substantially stimulates the SIRT1 and AMPK molecules. At the molecular level, our findings indicated that treatment with naringin stimulated the mitochondrial biogenesis pathway through regulation of the LKB1/AMPK/PGC-1α signals and upregulated FOXO1-mediated autophagy. Furthermore, naringin exhibited antioxidant properties by activating the Nrf2/NQO1 pathway and inhibiting MDA and AGEs levels. In addition, Naringin ameliorated alveolar spaces destruction and bronchial wall thickening, as well as alleviated P53/caspase-3 apoptosis signaling. SIGNIFICANCE Naringin exerts protective effects against D-galactose-induced lung aging and enhances longevity by activating SIRT1. SIRT1 regulates various aging-related molecular pathways via restoring pro-oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis, activation of mitochondrial biogenesis, modulating of autophagy and inhibition of apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer A A Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Noha N Yassen
- Pathology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Heba M Mansour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Naringin Attenuates the Diabetic Neuropathy in STZ-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Wistar Rats. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12122111. [PMID: 36556476 PMCID: PMC9782177 DOI: 10.3390/life12122111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The application of traditional medicines for the treatment of diseases, including diabetic neuropathy (DN), has received great attention. The aim of this study was to investigate the ameliorative potential of naringin, a flavanone, to treat streptozotocin-induced DN in rat models. After the successful induction of diabetes, DN complications were measured by various behavioral tests after 4 weeks of post-induction of diabetes with or without treatment with naringin. Serum biochemical assays such as fasting blood glucose, HbA1c%, insulin, lipid profile, and oxidative stress parameters were determined. Proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, and neuron-specific markers such as BDNF and NGF, were also assessed. In addition, pancreatic and brain tissues were subjected to histopathology to analyze structural alterations. The diabetic rats exhibited increased paw withdrawal frequencies for the acetone drop test and decreased frequencies for the plantar test, hot plate test, and tail flick test. The diabetic rats also showed an altered level of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress parameters, as well as altered levels of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress parameters. Naringin treatment significantly improved these parameters and helped in restoring the normal architecture of the brain and pancreatic tissues. The findings show that naringin's neuroprotective properties may be linked to its ability to suppress the overactivation of inflammatory molecules and mediators of oxidative stress.
Collapse
|
19
|
Elsawy H, Alzahrani AM, Alfwuaires M, Abdel-Moneim AM, Khalil M. Beneficial role of naringin against methotrexate-induced injury to rat testes: biochemical and ultrastructural analyses. Redox Rep 2022; 27:158-166. [PMID: 35861275 PMCID: PMC9310850 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2022.2101832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug that has adverse toxic effects on germ cells. Naringin (NG) is a natural flavanone glycoside, with different phytotherapeutic applications, and its possible protective effects against MTX-induced testicular tissue damage were investigated in this study. Methods Low and high doses of NG (40 and 80 mg/kg/day) were given for 10 days by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and MTX (20 mg/kg i.p.) was given at the 4th day of the experiment, with or without NG in rats. Results The obtained results showed that exposure to MTX increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and nitric oxide (NO) production compared with the control. In the meantime, MTX depleted catalse (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the testicular tissue. Further, serum testosterone levels were significantly decreased in the MTX group. NG significantly counteracted the aforementioned effects of MTX; however, NG80 was more effective in restoring SOD, GR, MDA and NO. Interestingly, NG80 achieved a better improvement in the ultrastructural pattern of the testicular cells in MTX-exposed rats. Conclusion These results indicated, for the first time, that NG could be a potential candidate therapy against MTX-reprotoxic impacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hany Elsawy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Abdullah M Alzahrani
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Alfwuaires
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf M Abdel-Moneim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Khalil
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Alsawaf S, Alnuaimi F, Afzal S, Thomas RM, Chelakkot AL, Ramadan WS, Hodeify R, Matar R, Merheb M, Siddiqui SS, Vazhappilly CG. Plant Flavonoids on Oxidative Stress-Mediated Kidney Inflammation. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121717. [PMID: 36552226 PMCID: PMC9774981 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The kidney is susceptible to reactive oxygen species-mediated cellular injury resulting in glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, tubular cell apoptosis, and senescence, leading to renal failure, and is a significant cause of death worldwide. Oxidative stress-mediated inflammation is a key player in the pathophysiology of various renal injuries and diseases. Recently, flavonoids' role in alleviating kidney diseases has been reported with an inverse correlation between dietary flavonoids and kidney injuries. Flavonoids are plant polyphenols possessing several health benefits and are distributed in plants from roots to leaves, flowers, and fruits. Dietary flavonoids have potent antioxidant and free-radical scavenging properties and play essential roles in disease prevention. Flavonoids exert a nephroprotective effect by improving antioxidant status, ameliorating excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and reducing oxidative stress, by acting as Nrf2 antioxidant response mediators. Moreover, flavonoids play essential roles in reducing chemical toxicity. Several studies have demonstrated the effects of flavonoids in reducing oxidative stress, preventing DNA damage, reducing inflammatory cytokines, and inhibiting apoptosis-mediated cell death, thereby preventing or improving kidney injuries/diseases. This review covers the recent nephroprotective effects of flavonoids against oxidative stress-mediated inflammation in the kidney and their clinical advancements in renal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seba Alsawaf
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatema Alnuaimi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saba Afzal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rinku Mariam Thomas
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rawad Hodeify
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rachel Matar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maxime Merheb
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shoib Sarwar Siddiqui
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane Campus, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Cijo George Vazhappilly
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-7-246-8842
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
The Protective Effects of Nutraceutical Components in Methotrexate-Induced Toxicity Models—An Overview. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10102053. [PMID: 36296329 PMCID: PMC9608860 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
There are multiple concerns associated with methotrexate (MTX), widely recognized for anti-neoplastic and anti-inflammatory effects in life-threatening disease conditions, i.e., acute lymphoblastic leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis, due to long-term side effects and associated toxicity, which limits its valuable potential. MTX acts as an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, leading to suppression of purine and pyrimidine synthesis in high metabolic and turnover cells, targeting cancer and dysregulated immune cells. Due to low discrimination between neoplastic cells and naturally high turnover cells, MTX is prone to inhibiting the division of all fast-dividing cells, causing toxicity in multiple organs. Nutraceutical compounds are plant-based or food-derived compounds, used for their preventive and therapeutic role, ascertained in multiple organ dysfunctions, including cardiovascular disease, ischemic stroke, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites take part in multiple physiological processes, their dysregulation being involved in disease pathogenesis. Modulation of gut microbiota by using nutraceutical compounds represents a promising therapeutic direction to restore intestinal dysfunction associated with MTX treatment. In this review, we address the main organ dysfunctions induced by MTX treatment, and modulations of them by using nutraceutical compounds. Moreover, we revealed the protective mechanisms of nutraceuticals in MTX-induced intestinal dysfunctions by modulation of gut microbiota.
Collapse
|
22
|
The Preventive Effects of Naringin and Naringenin against Paclitaxel-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Cardiotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8739815. [PMID: 36212979 PMCID: PMC9546692 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8739815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the preventive properties of naringin and naringenin on paclitaxel-induced nephrotoxicity and cardiotoxicity in adult male Wistar rats. Intraperitoneal injection of paclitaxel 2 mg/kg body weight, two days/week on the 2nd and 5th days of each week, with or without oral administration of naringin and/or naringenin 10 mg/kg body weight every other day, was continued for six weeks. Treatment of rats with naringin and/or naringenin significantly reversed elevated serum creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels caused by paclitaxel, reflecting improved kidney function. Similarly, heart dysfunction induced by paclitaxel was alleviated after treatment with naringin and/or naringenin, as evidenced by significant decreases in elevated CK-MB and LDH activities. After drug administration, histopathological findings and lesion scores in the kidneys and heart were markedly decreased by naringin and/or naringenin. Moreover, the treatments reversed renal and cardiac lipid peroxidation and the negative impacts on antioxidant defenses via raising GSH, SOD, and GPx. The preventive effects of naringin and naringenin were associated with suppressing oxidative stress and reestablishing antioxidant defenses. A combination of naringin and naringenin was the most efficacious in rescuing organ function and structure.
Collapse
|
23
|
Ali A, Ali A, Ahmad W, Amir M, Ashraf K, Wahab S, Alam P, Abutahir, Ahamad A. Nephroprotective effect of polyphenol-rich extract of Costus spicatus in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar albino rats. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:189. [PMID: 35903285 PMCID: PMC9314513 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03233-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Costus spicatus (spiked spiralflag ginger) is traditionally utilised for its advantages such as antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, diuretic, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. However, there is no scientific evidence on the nephroprotective potential of this plant. Thus, this study tested the nephroprotective effect of the polyphenol-rich extract of Costus spicatus leaves (PCSL) using preclinical models, including the HeK cell line and Wistar albino rats against cisplatin-induced toxicity. It also determined the polyphenolic compounds using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). PCSL showed significant (p < 0.05) nephroprotective potential against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in HeK cells. Moreover, in vivo studies revealed significant (p < 0.05) amelioration in serum biochemical markers and antioxidant enzymes against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. PCSL significantly inhibited the level of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. Moreover, PCSL restored the damage of the kidney tissues and ameliorated interstitial haemorrhage, congestion in capillaries, inflammatory cell infiltration, vacuolated cytoplasm, and tubular epithelial injury with widened Bowman's space. In addition, HPTLC analysis revealed that PCSL comprised polyphenolic compounds such as caffeic acid, quercetin, and ferulic acid. In conclusion, PCSL exerted nephroprotective potential by modulating the expression of inflammation, oxidative stress, and histological architecture of kidney tissues. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03233-z.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amena Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abuzer Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944 Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, 34222 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Amir
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdul Rahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamran Ashraf
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prawez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abutahir
- Hakikullah Chaudhary College of Pharmacy, Gharighat, Gonda, 271312 U.P India
| | - Adil Ahamad
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062 India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Han X, Yang Y, Qi J, Zhang M, Xue Y, Chu X, Jia Q, Sun S, Guan S. Protective effects and possible mechanism of 6-gingerol against arsenic trioxide-induced nephrotoxicity based on network pharmacological analysis and experimental validation. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:108926. [PMID: 35728306 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Nephrotoxicity induced by the chemotherapeutic drug arsenic trioxide (ATO) is often overlooked, and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Based on network pharmacology and experimental validation, this study investigates the protection of 6-gingerol (6G) against ATO-induced nephrotoxicity and the potential mechanisms. METHODS We screened and collected 6G and disease-related targets and then imported the interaction targets into a String database to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Mice were injected intraperitoneally with ATO (5 mg/kg) for seven days to induce nephrotoxicity, and then the histological morphology of the kidneys, biochemical indices of serum and tissues, and associated protein expressions were observed. RESULTS The network pharmacology results revealed that the effects of 6G against nephrotoxicity are closely related to apoptosis, and the MAPKs pathway was screened for validation. In animal experiments, 6G improved the histopathological morphology of the kidneys, reduced the levels of renal function markers, enhanced antioxidant activity, and decreased the levels of inflammation. Furthermore, 6G reduced apoptotic cells in kidney tissues, decreased the levels of Bax and c-Caspase-3, and increased the level of Bcl-2. The results of immunohistochemistry and western blotting revealed that 6G significantly inhibited the expressions of p-p38, p-ERK, and p-JNK. CONCLUSION The results comprehensively demonstrate the protective effects of 6G against ATO-induced nephrotoxicity. The effects are related to anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, possibly through inhibition of the MAPKs pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yakun Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jiaying Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Muqing Zhang
- College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yucong Xue
- College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xi Chu
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qingzhong Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Shijiang Sun
- Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Shengjiang Guan
- Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Screening of Medications for Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy Using Glomerular Whole-Genome Sequencing. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9337088. [PMID: 35465008 PMCID: PMC9023152 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9337088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore medications that have a therapeutic effect on idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), the Connectivity Map (CMap) database, and bioinformatics approaches. Methods IMN patients' glomerular whole-genome sequencing data were retrieved and screened in the GEO database, differentially expressed genes were identified using GEO2R analysis, a PPI network was built in the STRING database, node degree values were calculated, and topological analysis was performed using the degree value to identify core genes. The WebGestalt database was used to perform GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses on the core genes. Candidate medications for the therapy of IMN were collected from the CMap database, and the candidate medications were then searched and analyzed. Results 113 core genes were identified by topological analysis from the 1157 genes that were shown to be differentially expressed. The enrichment analysis identified several important gene functions and signaling pathways related to IMN. Some possible medications for the treatment of IMN have been found using the CMap database. Naringin, with the lowest CMap score, meaningful P value, and specificity score, was predicted as the most likely medication. Conclusion The GEO and CMap databases can be used to understand the molecular changes of IMN and to provide new ideas for medication research. However, medication candidates must undergo clinical and experimental testing.
Collapse
|
26
|
Gelen V, Yıldırım S, Şengül E, Çınar A, Çelebi F, Küçükkalem M, Gök M. Naringin attenuates oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative DNA damage in acrylamide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.343390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|