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Fang G, Liu D, Wang Y, Yao Q. Advances in fluorescent natural products for imaging localization and biological applications. Eur J Med Chem 2025; 294:117759. [PMID: 40398149 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2025.117759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2025] [Revised: 05/09/2025] [Accepted: 05/12/2025] [Indexed: 05/23/2025]
Abstract
Natural products play a crucial role in biological activities, yet the quest for novel natural products faces increasing challenges due to the complexities of structural exploration and efficacy evaluation. Besides, traditional methods for evaluating natural products primarily focus on non-fluorescent efficacy studies at animal level or multicellular accumulation level, lacking of intuitive fluorescence presentation at the single cell or organelle level. This limitation disrupts our understanding of the effectiveness of natural products and constrains their biological activities. The most striking example is that fluorescent natural products offer a unique but often overlooked dual function: they not only exhibit biological activities but also may provide real-time fluorescent signals for tracking within biological systems. This review highlights the exciting advances in imaging localization of fluorescent natural products combined with advanced imaging techniques, summarizes the structural characteristics and application criteria of fluorescent natural products, and explores their feasibility in visual localization and biological activities. This synthesis underscores the need for a systematic exploration of fluorescent natural products, towards a transformative impact on drug development and disease understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqian Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| | - Daili Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Yuanzhuo Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China.
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2
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Xu Q, Liu P, Nie Q, Chu Y, Yao X, Fang J, Zhang J. Structural simplification of quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids generating a candidate for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2025; 290:117551. [PMID: 40147342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2025.117551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2025] [Revised: 03/20/2025] [Accepted: 03/21/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025]
Abstract
Quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids (QBAs), such as sanguinarine, chelerythrine, and nitidine, possess diverse pharmacological activities. This study presents a simplified structure for QBAs, yielding twelve three-membered phenanthridine alkaloids. Notably, compound 6f demonstrates enhanced potency in selectively inhibiting thioredoxin reductase (TrxR, TXNRD) and exhibits significant cytotoxicity against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. While TrxR is a selenoenzyme, many of its inhibitors react with biological thiols; however, 6f shows minimal reactivity with thiols such as glutathione (GSH) and cysteine. Mechanistic investigations reveal that 6f stimulates reactive oxygen species production, reduces intracellular thiols, and decreases the GSH/GSSG ratio, leading to cell apoptosis through oxidative stress. Moreover, significant tumor regression has been observed in nude mice with NSCLC following treatment with 6f. The pronounced anticancer activity and possible mechanism of action of 6f suggest its potential as a candidate for further development in NSCLC therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Benzophenanthridines/chemistry
- Benzophenanthridines/pharmacology
- Benzophenanthridines/chemical synthesis
- Benzophenanthridines/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Mice
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Molecular Structure
- Alkaloids/chemistry
- Alkaloids/pharmacology
- Alkaloids/chemical synthesis
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Mice, Nude
- Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase/metabolism
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry
- Enzyme Inhibitors/chemical synthesis
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhe Xu
- School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Pei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Qiuying Nie
- School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yajun Chu
- School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaojun Yao
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Junmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China.
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3
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Chen S, Li Y, Ma Q, Liang J, Feng Z, Wang S, Zhang S, Han K, Sun B, Wang H, Jiang H. Multi-enzymatic biomimetic cerium-based MOFs mediated precision chemodynamic synergistic antibacteria and tissue repair for MRSA-infected wounds. J Nanobiotechnology 2025; 23:364. [PMID: 40394650 PMCID: PMC12090472 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-025-03349-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2025] [Accepted: 03/23/2025] [Indexed: 05/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant pathogens represent a significant global public health challenge, particularly in refractory infections associated with biofilms. Urgent development of innovative, safe, and therapeutically adaptive strategies to combat these resistant biofilms is essential. We present a novel biomimetic antibacterial system inspired by the multifunctional enzymatic properties of cerium-based metal-organic frameworks. This system utilizes the inherent oxidase and peroxidase activities of a nanozyme to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for bacterial eradication, while its phosphate-ester hydrolase activity disrupts bacterial genetic material and energy metabolism. By the reversible covalent binding between boronic acid groups and cis-diol groups on bacterial surfaces, combined with abundant cerium catalytic sites from the porous structure and the potent antibacterial effects of sanguinarine, we enhance targeted antibacterial activity. This system effectively penetrates extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and demonstrates precise regulation of ROS, allowing for localized delivery of ROS and sanguinarine for biofilm eradication. Transcriptomic analyses indicate that this approach disrupts the cellular environment, impairs energy metabolism, inhibits bacterial attachment to EPS, and promotes biofilm dispersion by modulating drug resistance-related genes. In vivo experiments confirm that this nanocatalyst composite effectively treats biofilm-induced wounds with efficacy comparable to vancomycin, presenting a promising solution for managing chronic infections caused by antibiotic-resistant biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Chen
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yifan Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Vaccines and Biological Products, SiChuan Institute of Musk Deer Breeding, SiChuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices), Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiayi Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Zhiyue Feng
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sihan Wang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ke Han
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Boyan Sun
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongping Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Vaccines and Biological Products, SiChuan Institute of Musk Deer Breeding, SiChuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices), Chengdu, 611731, China.
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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4
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Yue Y, Liu J, Li C, Chen F, Yang C, Zhao B. Pinosylvin and Sanguinarine Combination to Enhance Antifungal Activity against Candida albicans. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2025; 35:e2412055. [PMID: 40374536 PMCID: PMC12099613 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2412.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2025] [Accepted: 03/17/2025] [Indexed: 05/17/2025]
Abstract
Candida albicans is one of the major sources of fungal infections that can lead to life-threatening systemic infections. However, effective control of C. albicans remains a great challenge. Herein, this study aimed at investigating the antifungal effect of a combination of two natural compounds, pinosylvin (PIN) and sanguinarine (SAN), against C. albicans. In order to investigate the antifungal effect and mechanism of the combination of PIN and SAN, antimicrobial assay, time-kill assay, biofilm formation assay, cell membrane integrity assay, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay were performed. The results showed that the combination of PIN and SAN was more effective against C. albicans than PIN or SAN alone. PIN and SAN could jointly inhibit biofilm formation and thus attenuate C. albicans adhesion and colonization ability. PIN mainly targeting the cell membrane while SAN mainly inducing the cell to produce large amounts of ROS. Besides, PIN promoted the entry of SAN into C. albicans. Finally, the hemolysis experiment demonstrated that the combination of PIN and SAN is biocompatible. Taken together, the combination of PIN and SAN enhanced the antifungal effect against C. albicans, which has a broad application prospect in the control of C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxuan Yue
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi 653100, P.R. China
| | - Fengfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Bingtian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
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5
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Ma Q, Liu Y, Cen J, Wang Q, Chen M, Chen S, Zhang Z, Han K, Feng Z, Wu C, Shen J, Jiang H. Disrupting cross-adaptation in high-risk MRSA: Sanguinarine as a multi-effective stress sensitizer for environmental and food safety. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2025; 494:138586. [PMID: 40367773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2025] [Revised: 04/30/2025] [Accepted: 05/09/2025] [Indexed: 05/16/2025]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) represents a significant public health concern owing to its formidable antibiotic resistance and robust capacity for biofilm formation. The cross-adaptation mechanism enables MRSA to develop tolerance to environmental stressors such as antibiotics, acid, heat and osmotic pressure, leading to the persistence infections and environmental contamination. The cross-adaptation mechanism enables MRSA to develop tolerance to environmental stressors, such as antibiotics, acid, heat and osmotic pressure, leading to the persistence infections and environmental contamination. Here, we identified 261 strains of S. aureus and 9 high-risk MRSA from the environment of dairy farms and raw milk. The natural product Sanguinarine (SAN), derived from feed additives, exhibits effective anti-MRSA and anti-biofilm activity. Notably, SAN enhances the sensitivity of MRSA to antibiotics, acid, heat, and osmotic pressure by disrupting the cross-adaptation mechanism. Mechanistic investigations revealed that SAN significantly reduces the transcriptional level of type I (dnaK, groEL, etc.) and type III (clpB, clpP, etc.) heat stress response genes while markedly upregulating type II (σB) gene. Furthermore, SAN upregulates Na+/H+ antiporters activity, F0F1-ATPase activity and purine metabolism, while broadly downregulating DNA damage repair genes and disrupting ribosomal function. Additionally, SAN induces non-synonymous mutations in key stress response factors ClpB/L, leading to a loss of conformational homeostasis. SAN elicits a distinct stress response compared to environmental stressors, weakening MRSA's resilience and demonstrating promising capabilities for MRSA clearance and biofilm inhibition. Overall, SAN provides an effective strategy for the clearance of high-risk MRSA and the assurance of public health security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianuo Cen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Meinuo Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiqi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimeng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Han
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyue Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Congming Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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6
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Yang T, Sha H, Bi W, Zeng J, Su D. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of the antibacterial mechanism of sanguinarine against Enterobacter cloacae in vitro. BMC Microbiol 2025; 25:269. [PMID: 40329217 PMCID: PMC12054291 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-025-03992-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2025] [Indexed: 05/08/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enterobacter cloacae (E. cloacae) is a notorious pathogen that poses serious threat to both human and animal health, causing severe gut infections and contributing to food spoilage. Traditional chemical treatment have led to increased drug resistance and environmental pollution. This study investigates the potential of Sanguinarine (SAN), a natural plant extract, as an alternative to chemical antibiotics. RESULTS In light of the escalating issue of antibiotic resistance, we examined the antibacterial efficacy and mechanisms of SAN against E. cloacae in vitro. Our findings revealed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 100 µg/mL for SAN. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated substantial morphological disruptions in E. cloacae cells treated with SAN. Concurrently, a significant increase in absorbance at 260 nm suggested nucleic acid leakage, indicative of compromised cell membrane integrity. Comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that SAN primarily disrupts amino acid synthesis and energy metabolism pathway in E. cloacae. CONCLUSIONS SAN exhibited potential antibacterial activity against E. cloacae, which can effectively inhibit its growth and disrupt its bacterial morphology and exert antibacterial effect through multiple pathways, and can be used as a potential substitute for antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang, 262113, China
| | - Haojie Sha
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang, 262113, China
| | - Wenlu Bi
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang, 262113, China
| | - Jianguo Zeng
- Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Dingding Su
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang, 262113, China.
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China.
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7
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Gao P, Wang YQ, Yuan S, Wang YH, Zhao MB, Zeng KW, Jiang Y, Zhang QY, Tu PF. (+)/(-)-Corydecumbenpines A and B, two pairs of dimeric phthalide-benzophenanthridine alkaloids with cytotoxicity from Corydalis decumbens. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2025; 233:114417. [PMID: 39884451 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2025.114417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2025] [Accepted: 01/27/2025] [Indexed: 02/01/2025]
Abstract
Four pairs of previously undescribed enantiomers, including two pairs of dimeric phthalide-benzophenanthridine alkaloid and two pairs phthalides derivatives, corydecumbenpines A-D, were isolated from the rhizomes of Corydalis decumbens. Their planar structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis including UV, IR, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR. Optically pure compounds were obtained by chiral chromatography and their absolute configurations were determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography and comparison of experimental and calculated ECD spectra. Corydecumbenpines A and B were previously undescribed phthalideisoquinolines which were benzophenanthridine linked to phthalide and corydecumbenpines C and D were previously undescribed phthalide hemiacetal derivatives. (+)-Corydecumbenpine A showed cytotoxic activity on A549, GIST-882, and PANC-1 cell lines with IC50 values of 10.1 μM, 8.2 μM, and 7.1 μM respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yu-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shuo Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan-Hang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ming-Bo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ke-Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qing-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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8
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Ali FEM, Badran KSA, El-Maksoud MSA, Ibrahim IM, Althagafy HS, Hassanein EHM. The role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in lung cancer progression and therapy: a comprehensive review. Med Oncol 2025; 42:183. [PMID: 40289194 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-025-02709-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2025] [Indexed: 04/30/2025]
Abstract
Most instances of lung cancer (LC), which is the primary cause of cancer-related death worldwide, are non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Genetic predispositions, environmental exposures, and smoking are risk factors that lead to the development of LC, and the ineffectiveness of existing treatments emphasizes the need for innovative approaches to therapy. Through its regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and cancer stem cell maintenance, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling system is essential to advancing LC. This study offers a thorough examination of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in LC, emphasizing how miRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), protein-coding genes, enzymes, and both natural and synthetic drugs affect this signaling. Recent research supports the dual function of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in tumor development and repression, which we describe. We also emphasize the therapeutic potential of Wnt/β-catenin inhibitors despite issues including off-target effects and bioavailability. This study highlights the potential of focusing on Wnt/β-catenin signaling to enhance LC patient outcomes by combining computational studies with molecular insights. It also lays the groundwork for further research and treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Michael Sayegh, Aqaba University of Technology, Aqaba, 77110, Jordan.
| | - Khalid S A Badran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Mostafa S Abd El-Maksoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62521, Egypt
| | - Islam M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62521, Egypt
| | - Hanan S Althagafy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
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9
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Wu Z, Hu Y, Hao R, Li R, Lu X, Itale MW, Yuan Y, Zhu X, Zhang J, Wang L, Sun M, Hou X. Research Progress of Genomics Applications in Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal Plants: A Case Study in Safflower. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:3867. [PMID: 40332590 PMCID: PMC12027854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26083867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2025] [Revised: 03/17/2025] [Accepted: 04/13/2025] [Indexed: 05/08/2025] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants, recognized as significant natural resources, have gained prominence in response to the increasing global demand for herbal medicines, necessitating the large-scale production of these plants and their derivatives. Medicinal plants are exposed to a variety of internal and external factors that interact to influence the biosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites. With the rapid development of omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, multi-omics technologies have become important tools for revealing the complexity and functionality of organisms. They are conducive to further uncovering the biological activities of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants and clarifying the molecular mechanisms underlying the production of secondary metabolites. Also, artificial intelligence (AI) technology accelerates the comprehensive utilization of high-dimensional datasets and offers transformative potential for multi-omics analysis. However, there is currently no systematic review summarizing the genomic mechanisms of secondary metabolite biosynthesis in medicinal plants. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) has rich and diverse bioactive flavonoids, among of which Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is specific to safflower and emerging as a potential medication for treating a wide range of diseases. Hence, significant progress has been made in the study of safflower as an excellent example for the regulation of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants in recent years. Here, we review the progress on the understanding of the regulation of main secondary metabolites at the multi-omics level, and summarize the influence of various factors on their types and contents, with a particular focus on safflower flavonoids. This review aims to provide a comprehensive insight into the regulatory mechanisms of secondary metabolite biosynthesis from the perspective of genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (Y.H.); (R.H.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (M.W.I.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Yan Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (Y.H.); (R.H.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (M.W.I.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Ruru Hao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (Y.H.); (R.H.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (M.W.I.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Ruting Li
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (Y.H.); (R.H.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (M.W.I.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Xiaona Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (Y.H.); (R.H.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (M.W.I.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Mdachi Winfrida Itale
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (Y.H.); (R.H.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (M.W.I.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Yang Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Xiaoxian Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (Y.H.); (R.H.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (M.W.I.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Jiaqiang Zhang
- Zhejiang Institute of Landscape Plants and Flowers, Hangzhou 310053, China;
| | - Longxiang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (Y.H.); (R.H.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (M.W.I.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Meihao Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; (Y.H.); (R.H.); (R.L.); (X.L.); (M.W.I.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Xianfei Hou
- Crop Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
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10
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Zaaba NE, Al-Salam S, Beegam S, Elzaki O, Aldhaheri F, Nemmar A, Ali BH, Nemmar A. Attenuation of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by sanguinarine: modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular damage. Front Pharmacol 2025; 16:1567888. [PMID: 40242453 PMCID: PMC11999955 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1567888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2025] [Accepted: 03/21/2025] [Indexed: 04/18/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cisplatin (CP)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant side effect of CP chemotherapy, driven by oxidative stress and inflammation. Sanguinarine (SANG), an alkaloid from the rhizomes of Sanguinaria canadensis and poppy-fumaria species, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study examined SANG's effect on CP-induced AKI in mice and its underlying mechanisms. Methods Mice were orally administered 5 mg/kg SANG for 10 days. On the seventh day, they received a single intraperitoneal CP injection (20 mg/kg) and were sacrificed on the 11th day. Results SANG significantly improved CP-induced decreases in body weight, water intake, urine volume, relative kidney weight, creatinine clearance, albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and plasma urea and creatinine levels. It also reduced elevated plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney injury molecule-1, cystatin C, and adiponectin levels, as well as renal markers of inflammation and oxidative stress induced by CP administration. SANG normalized kidney mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, and apoptosis caused by CP. It also inhibited the CP-induced increase in the expression of phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB and autophagy markers in the kidney. Histological analysis showed that SANG reduced acute tubular necrosis and intraluminal protein accumulation due to CP. Discussion In conclusion, SANG mitigated CP-induced AKI by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, and autophagy. Pending more comprehensive pharmacological and toxicological assessments, SANG may be regarded as a potential therapeutic agent for mitigating CP-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Elena Zaaba
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Suhail Al-Salam
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sumaya Beegam
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ozaz Elzaki
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatima Aldhaheri
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anas Nemmar
- College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Badreldin H. Ali
- Emeritus Professor, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Abderrahim Nemmar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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11
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Zhang Y, Yang P, Tian C, Zhai Y, Hou L, Xiao J, Li W. Functional characterization and regioselectivity manipulation of two Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids O-methyltransferases from Stephania yunnanensis. Bioorg Chem 2025; 157:108238. [PMID: 39922041 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2025.108238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2025] [Accepted: 02/01/2025] [Indexed: 02/10/2025]
Abstract
Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) constitute a vast and diverse class of plant-derived secondary metabolites, renowned for their potent therapeutic activities. O-methylation, catalyzed by O-methyltransferases (OMTs), is a prevalent feature of BIA molecules, which is intrinsically related to their bioactivities. Herein, we described the identification and characterization of two functionally identical but phylogenetically different BIA 7OMTs, SyOMT4 and SyOMT5, from the transcriptomic data of Stephania yunnanensis-a well-known anti-COVID-19 drug cepharanthine producing plant. Through multiple sequence alignment, structural modeling as well as site-directed mutagenesis, three residues (R143/L156/H163 in SyOMT4, and F154/F167/G174 in SyOMT5) were identified to be involved in substrate binding micro-environment. Their manipulation led to redirection of the catalytic regioselectivities of SyOMT4 and SyOMT5. SyOMT4 was adeptly transformed into a highly specific BIA 6OMT, namely SyOMT4-WFE, and unexpectedly SyOMT5 was engineered into BIA NMTs, designated SyOMT5-WFE and SyOMT5-WFD). This study shed light on protein engineering to expand the functional repertoire of BIA OMTs by manipulating their substrate binding micro-environments, enlarging the enzymatic toolkit for the production of medicinally important BIAs by using synthetic biology and metabolic engineering strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Pan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunsheng Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Yijie Zhai
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Lukuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Junhai Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of National Security Specially Needed Medicines, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Wenli Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China.
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12
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Yang W, Liu C, Li Z, Cui M. Exploring new drug treatment targets for immune related bone diseases using a multi omics joint analysis strategy. Sci Rep 2025; 15:10618. [PMID: 40148470 PMCID: PMC11950375 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-94053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025] Open
Abstract
In the field of treatment and prevention of immune-related bone diseases, significant challenges persist, necessitating the urgent exploration of new and effective treatment methods. However, most existing Mendelian randomization (MR) studies are confined to a single analytical approach, which limits the comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets of these diseases. In light of this, we propose the hypothesis that genetic variations in specific plasma proteins have a causal relationship with immune-related bone diseases through the MR mechanism, and that key therapeutic targets can be accurately identified using an integrated multi-omic analysis approach. This study comprehensively applied a variety of analytical methods. Firstly, the protein quantitative trait locus (pQTLs) data from two large plasma protein databases and the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) data of nine immune-related bone diseases were used for Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. At the same time, we employed the Summary-based Mendelian Randomization (SMR) method, combined with the Bayesian colocalization analysis method of coding genes, as well as the Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (LDSC) analysis method based on genetic correlation analysis, as methods to verify the genetic association between genes and complex diseases, thus comprehensively obtaining positive results. In addition, a Phenome-wide Association Study (PheWAS) was conducted on significantly positive genes, and their expression patterns in different tissues were also explored. Subsequently, we integrated Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. Finally, based on the above analytical methods, drug prediction and molecular docking studies were carried out with the aim of accurately identifying key therapeutic targets. Through a comprehensive analysis using four methods, namely the Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis study, Summary-based Mendelian Randomization (SMR) analysis study, Bayesian colocalization analysis study, and Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (LDSC) analysis study. We found that through MR, SMR, and combined with Bayesian colocalization analysis, an association was found between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and HDGF. Using the combination of MR and Bayesian colocalization analysis, as well as LDSC analysis, it was concluded that RA was related to CCL19 and TNFRSF14. Based on the methods of MR and Bayesian colocalization, an association was found between GPT and Crohn's disease-related arthritis, and associations were found between BTN1A1, EVI5, OGA, TNFRSF14 and multiple sclerosis (MS), and associations were found between ICAM5, CCDC50, IL17RD, UBLCP1 and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Specifically, in the MR analysis of RA, HDGF (P_ivw = 0.0338, OR = 1.0373, 95%CI = 1.0028-1.0730), CCL19 (P_ivw = 0.0004, OR = 0.3885, 95%CI = 0.2299-0.6566), TNFRSF14 (P_ivw = 0.0007, OR = 0.6947, 95%CI = 0.5634-0.8566); in the MR analysis of MS, BTN1A1 (P_ivw = 0.0000, OR = 0.6101, 95%CI = 0.4813-0.7733), EVI5 (P_ivw = 0.0000, OR = 0.3032, 95%CI = 0.1981-0.4642), OGA (P_ivw = 0.0005, OR = 0.4599, 95%CI = 0.2966-0.7131), TNFRSF14 (P_ivw = 0.0002, OR = 0.4026, 95%CI = 0.2505-0.6471); in the MR analysis of PsA, ICAM5 (P_ivw = 0.0281, OR = 1.1742, 95%CI = 1.0174-1.3552), CCDC50 (P_ivw = 0.0092, OR = 0.7359, 95%CI = 0.5843-0.9269), IL17RD (P_ivw = 0.0006, OR = 0.7887, 95%CI = 0.6886-0.9034), UBLCP1 (P_ivw = 0.0021, OR = 0.6901, 95%CI = 0.5448-0.8741); in the MR analysis of Crohn's disease-related arthritis, GPT (P_ivw = 0.0006, OR = 0.0057, 95%CI = 0.0003-0.1111). In the Bayesian colocalization analysis of RA, HDGF (H4 = 0.8426), CCL19 (H4 = 0.9762), TNFRSF14 (H4 = 0.8016); in the Bayesian colocalization analysis of MS, BTN1A1 (H4 = 0.7660), EVI5 (H4 = 0.9800), OGA (H4 = 0.8569), TNFRSF14 (H4 = 0.8904); in the Bayesian colocalization analysis of PsA, ICAM5 (H4 = 0.9476), CCDC50 (H4 = 0.9091), IL17RD (H4 = 0.9301), UBLCP1 (H4 = 0.8862); in the Bayesian colocalization analysis of Crohn's disease-related arthritis, GPT (H4 = 0.8126). In the SMR analysis of RA, HDGF (p_SMR = 0.0338, p_HEIDI = 0.0628). In the LDSC analysis of RA, CCL19 (P = 0.0000), TNFRSF14 (P = 0.0258). By comprehensively analyzing plasma proteomic and transcriptomic data, we successfully identified key therapeutic targets for various clinical subtypes of immune-associated bone diseases. Our findings indicate that the significant positive genes associated with RA include HDGF, CCL19, and TNFRSF14; the positive gene linked to Crohn-related arthropathy is GPT; for MS, the positive genes are BTN1A1, EVI5, OGA, and TNFRSF14; and for PsA, the positive genes are ICAM5, CCDC50, IL17RD, and UBLCP1. Through this comprehensive analytical approach, we have screened potential therapeutic targets for different clinical subtypes of immune-related bone diseases. This research not only enhances our understanding of the pathogenesis of these conditions but also provides a solid theoretical foundation for subsequent drug development and clinical treatment, with the potential to yield significant advancements in the management of patients with immune-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Chenglin Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China.
| | - Miao Cui
- Capital Medical University, No.10, Xitoutiao, You'anmenwai, Beijing, 100069, Fengtai District, China.
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13
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Chen S, Li Y, Guo X, Ma Q, Han K, Wang S, Zhang S, Feng Z, Sun B, Wang H, Jiang H. Mulberry Leaves-Derived Carbon Dots for Photodynamic Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus-Infected Wounds via Metabolic Perturbation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2025; 17:18741-18758. [PMID: 40080722 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c22263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2025]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant pathogens pose a significant global public health challenge, particularly in refractory infections associated with biofilms. The urgent development of innovative, safe, and therapeutically adaptive strategies to combat these resistant biofilms is essential. We present a novel, precise, and controllable photodynamic antibacterial carbon dot (B-M-CD) inspired by the natural antibacterial properties of the mulberry leaf and the bacterial targeting function of boric acid. This photocatalytic antibacterial agent exhibits good biocompatibility and utilizes its inherent antibacterial activities, along with photoactivated oxidase-mimicking activity, to generate reactive oxygen species for the eradication of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). By leveraging the reversible covalent binding between boronic acid groups and cis-diol groups on bacterial surfaces, we further enhance the targeted antibacterial activity. B-M-CDs effectively penetrate extracellular polymeric substances and demonstrate a precise photodynamic antibacterial effect, allowing for localized delivery aimed at biofilm inhibition and destruction. Metabolomic analyses reveal that B-M-CDs disrupt amino acid metabolism, protein synthesis, electron transport chain, and energy metabolism in MRSA. In vivo experiments confirm that this photocatalyst effectively treats MRSA-induced wounds with an efficacy comparable to that of vancomycin while also exhibiting high biocompatibility. This study represents the first development of a precise, photoactivated, controllable, and targeted carbon-based antibacterial nanozyme derived from the traditional Chinese herb, mulberry leaf, providing a novel strategy for designing intelligent antibacterial nanoagents and underscoring their potential as candidate therapeutics for conditions analogous to MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Chen
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yifan Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Vaccines and Biological Products, Sichuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices), Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Xuewen Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ke Han
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sihan Wang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiyue Feng
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Boyan Sun
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hongping Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Vaccines and Biological Products, Sichuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices), Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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14
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Yang W, Liu C, Li Z, Cui M. Multi-omic biomarkers associated with multiple sclerosis: from Mendelian randomization to drug prediction. Sci Rep 2025; 15:9421. [PMID: 40108295 PMCID: PMC11923301 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-94303-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2025] [Indexed: 03/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Currently, the treatment and prevention of multiple sclerosis (MS) continue to encounter significant challenges. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis has emerged as a crucial research method in the pursuit of new therapeutic strategies. Accordingly, we hypothesize that there exists a causal association between genetic variants of specific plasma proteins and MS through MR mechanisms, and that key therapeutic targets can be precisely identified by integrating multi-omics analytical approaches. In this study, we developed a comprehensive analytical framework aimed at identifying and validating potential therapeutic targets for MS. The framework commenced with a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study utilizing two large plasma protein quantitative trait locus (pQTL) datasets. Building on this foundation, we performed Bayesian co-localization analysis of coding genes, followed by a full phenotype-wide association study (PheWAS) on the co-positive genes identified through both analytical methods. This approach allowed us to explore the functions of key genes and the mechanisms of co-morbidity associated with the disease. Subsequently, we integrated protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, gene ontology (GO) analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis to facilitate drug prediction and molecular docking studies. This study conducted a systematic analysis between two large plasma pQTLs datasets and MS. In the MR analysis, the MR analysis of Icelandic plasma pQTLs and MS identified 88 positive plasma proteins, while the MR analysis of the UK Biobank database pQTLs and MS identified 122 positive plasma proteins. By comparison, uroporphyrinogen III synthase (UROS) and glutathione S-transferase theta 2B (GSTT2B) were found to be the positive proteins shared by the two datasets. After false discovery rate (FDR) correction, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was a significantly positive protein in the analysis of Icelandic plasma pQTLs. In the analysis of the UK Biobank database pQTLs, advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor (AGER), allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF1), butyrophilin subfamily 1 member A1 (BTN1A1), cluster of differentiation 58 (CD58), desmoglein 4 (DSG4), ecotropic viral integration site 5 (EVI5), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 14 (TNFRSF14) were significantly positive proteins. After Bonferroni correction, AGER, CD58, EVI5, and TNF remained significantly positive proteins in the analysis of the UK Biobank database pQTLs. In the Bayesian colocalization analysis, EVI5 (PPH4 = 0.9800), O-GlcNAcase (OGA) (PPH4 = 0.8569), and TNFRSF14 (PPH4 = 0.8904) were the common positive genes in the two analysis methods. In conclusion, EVI5, OGA, and TNFRSF14 may be potential therapeutic targets for MS. Through the comprehensive application of MR analysis and Bayesian colocalization analysis, we have successfully identified that EVI5, OGA, and TNFRSF14 may be key therapeutic targets for MS. These findings may provide a scientific basis for the development of novel immunotherapies, combination treatment regimens, or targeted intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, China
| | - Chenglin Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, China.
- The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China.
| | - Miao Cui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Fengtai District, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao Road, Beijing, 100069, China.
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15
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Uddin T, Xia J, Fu Y, McNamara CW, Chatterjee AK, Sibley LD. High-Throughput Repurposing Screen Reveals Compounds with Activity against Toxoplasma gondii Bradyzoites. ACS Infect Dis 2025; 11:600-609. [PMID: 39933705 PMCID: PMC11915370 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2025] [Accepted: 01/23/2025] [Indexed: 02/13/2025]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii causes widespread chronic infections that are not cured by current treatments due to the inability to affect semidormant bradyzoite stages within tissue cysts. To identify compounds to eliminate chronic infection, we developed an HTS using a recently characterized strain of T. gondii that undergoes efficient conversion to bradyzoites in vitro. Stage-specific expression of luciferase was used to selectively monitor the growth inhibition of bradyzoites by the Library of Pharmacological Active Compounds, consisting of 1280 drug-like compounds. We identified 44 compounds with >50% inhibitory effects against bradyzoites, including new highly potent compounds, several of which have precedent for antimicrobial activity. Subsequent characterization of the compound sanguinarine sulfate revealed potent and rapid killing against in vitro-produced bradyzoites and bradyzoites harvested from chronically infected mice, including potent activity against intact cysts. These findings provide a platform for expanded screening and identify promising compounds for further preclinical development against T. gondii bradyzoites that are responsible for chronic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taher Uddin
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University
School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Jing Xia
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University
School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Yong Fu
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University
School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Case W. McNamara
- Calibr
at Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | | | - L. David Sibley
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University
School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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16
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Zhang Y, Hu Y, Su D, Fu Y, Chen X, Zhang X, Zheng S, Ma X, Hu S. Downregulation of RORl via STAT3 and P300 Promotes P38 Pathway- Dependent Lens Epithelial Cells Apoptosis in Age-Related Cataract. Biochem Genet 2025:10.1007/s10528-025-11067-6. [PMID: 40019609 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-025-11067-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2025] [Indexed: 03/01/2025]
Abstract
Lens Epithelial Cells (LECs) apoptosis is a critical driving factor of age-related cataract (ARC), but the specific molecular mechanisms remain undefined. Herein, a novel target of ROR1 regulation was identified, the mechanism was elucidated by which ROR1 and its associated pathway proteins influence hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis of LECs in ARC. We found decreased ROR1 expression in human cataract lens capsules compared to normal ones, the trend was also observed in young and old mice. Experiments including CCK8, Hoechst 33,342 staining, and Western blot analysis confirmed that reduced ROR1 levels were linked to H2O2-induced apoptosis in HLEB3 cells. To investigate its effects on cell viability and apoptosis, we created a ROR1 interference plasmid and an overexpression plasmid. The overexpression of ROR1 effectively inhibited H2O2-induced apoptosis of HLEB3 cells while ROR1 knockdown lowered the viability and increased the apoptosis of HLEB3 cells. Additionally, increased P38 phosphorylation was identified as a contributor to lens epithelial cell apoptosis and ARC, with ROR1 influencing this through the phosphorylation of the P38. Similarly, the relationships between P300 and STAT3, upstream of ROR1, in apoptosis of LECs and ARC were explored, and it was found that P300 and STAT3 were negatively correlated with apoptosis of LECs and ARC. In addition, the double luciferase report showed that P300 and STAT3 synergistically up-regulated the expression of ROR1. Overall, this study demonstrates that the STAT3/ROR1/P38 pathway mitigates apoptosis of LECs in ARC progression, offering a novel strategy for ARC prevention and treatment in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China
| | - Yuzhu Hu
- Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China
| | - Dongmei Su
- Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China
- Department of Genetics, Health Department, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yanjiang Fu
- Daqing Ophthalmology Hospital, Daqing, 163711, China
| | - Xiaoya Chen
- Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China
| | - Shunfei Zheng
- Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Department of Genetics, Health Department, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China.
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Shanshan Hu
- Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China.
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17
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Zeng JL, Lan JX, Dai W, Liu SL, Huang H, Shu GZ, Huang LJ, Kang SS, Chen B, Hou W. A Review of Bavachinin and Its Derivatives as Multi-Therapeutic Agents. Chem Biodivers 2025:e202402762. [PMID: 39874061 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202402762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2025] [Accepted: 01/28/2025] [Indexed: 01/30/2025]
Abstract
Extracting natural active ingredients from plants is an effective way to develop and screen modern drugs. Psoralea corylifolia (PC) is a leguminous plant whose seeds have long been used as a Traditional Chinese Medicine to treat psoriasis, rheumatism, dermatitis, and other diseases. To date, several main compounds, including coumarins, flavonoids, monoterpene phenols, and benzofurans, have been identified from the seeds of PC. Among them, bavachinin is a type of flavonoid with various biological activities. In this article, the biological activities and mechanisms of action of bavachinin and its derivatives are reviewed. It includes the pharmacokinetic characteristics of bavachinin and its derivatives, as well as its prominent anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, and antiviral pharmacological activities and related metabolic studies. Bavachinin displayed these activities through different receptors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), as well as multiple signaling pathways and enzyme systems. In summary, bavachinin and its derivatives have potential drug development value in many fields, such as anti-inflammatory, antitumor, nervous system disease, and diabetes. We believe that this review will lay a foundation for bavachinin-based drug development throughout the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lin Zeng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, P. R. China
- HuanKui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Jin Xia Lan
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wei Dai
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Lan Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hao Huang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, P. R. China
| | - Guang Zhao Shu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, P. R. China
| | - Le Jun Huang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, P. R. China
| | - Si Shuang Kang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, P. R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi Management Vocational College, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Wen Hou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, P. R. China
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Sun W, Xu Y, Liu Z, Liu W, Wang H, Chang G, Yang Z, Dong Z, Zeng J. Studies on pharmacokinetic properties and intestinal absorption mechanism of sanguinarine chloride: in vivo and in situ. Toxicol Mech Methods 2025; 35:43-52. [PMID: 39087424 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2024.2383366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Sanguinarine (SAN) is an alkaloid with multiple biological activities, mainly extracted from Sanguinaria canadensis or Macleaya cordata. The low bioavailability of SAN limits its utilization. At present, the nature and mechanism of SAN intestinal absorption are still unclear. The pharmacokinetics, single-pass intestinal perfusion test (SPIP), and equilibrium solubility test of SAN in rats were studied. The absorption of SAN at 20, 40, and 80 mg/L in different intestinal segments was investigated, and verapamil hydrochloride (P-gp inhibitor), celecoxib (MPR2 inhibitor), and ko143 (BCRP inhibitor) were further used to determine the effect of efflux transporter proteins on SAN absorption. The equilibrium solubility of SAN in three buffer solutions (pH 1.2, 4.5 and 6.8) was investigated. The oral pharmacokinetic results in rats showed that SAN was rapidly absorbed (Tmax=0.5 h), widely distributed (Vz/F = 134 L/kg), rapidly metabolized (CL = 30 L/h/kg), and had bimodal phenomena. SPIP experiments showed that P-gp protein could significantly affect the effective permeability coefficient (Peff) and apparent absorption rate constant (Ka) of SAN. Equilibrium solubility test results show that SAN has the best solubility at pH 4.5. In conclusion, SAN is a substrate of P-gp, and its transport modes include efflux protein transport, passive transport and active transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yufeng Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiqin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongting Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Guanyu Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Zihui Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianguo Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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19
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Lu S, Yang DJ. Sanguinarine Inhibits Cell Growth in EBV-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2025; 73:aite-2025-0009. [PMID: 40198977 DOI: 10.2478/aite-2025-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2025] [Indexed: 04/10/2025]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of Sanguinarine (SAG) on the progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and to explore its underlying mechanism, this study utilized Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive DLBCL cell lines, FARAGE, and GM12878S. Cell counting kit-8 and bromodeoxyuridine assays were used to assess the effects of SAG on the cell proliferation. Flow cytometry and immunoblotting were employed to analyze cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Additionally, the molecular mechanism was explored through further immunoblotting analysis of the mechanism. SAG suppressed the growth of EBV-positive DLBCL cells. Furthermore, SAG induced cell cycle arrest and promoted apoptosis in these cells. Mechanistically, SAG suppressed the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, thereby suppressing DLBCL progression in vitro. SAG effectively inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in EBV-positive DLBCL via Wnt/β-catenin pathway, offering potential therapeutic insights for this lymphoma subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suli Lu
- Department of Medicine, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang, Hunan 421005, China
| | - Dae-Jung Yang
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Sehan University, Sehan University, Mokpo, Republic of Korea
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20
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Li X, You Q. Sanguinarine identified as a natural dual inhibitor of AURKA and CDK2 through network pharmacology and bioinformatics approaches. Sci Rep 2024; 14:29608. [PMID: 39609491 PMCID: PMC11605095 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-81063-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 11/25/2024] [Indexed: 11/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CA) continues to be a female malignant tumor with limited therapeutic options, resulting in a high mortality rate. Sanguinarine (SANG), a naturally occurring alkaloid, has demonstrated notable efficacy in preclinical treatment of CA. However, the mechanism through which SANG acts against CA is not fully understood. To address this, utilizing nine drug target prediction databases, we have successfully identified 379 potential targets for SANG. Venn diagram analysis compared 2367 CA-related targets from the GeneCards disease database, 2618 CA-closely related targets derived from multiple datasets in GEO through WGCNA analysis, and the 379 potential targets of SANG, resulting in 35 shared targets. Subsequently, by employing PPI network analysis, the Cytohubba plugin, the Human Protein Atlas, TCGA database data, and ROC curve analysis, we have identified AURKA and CDK2 as key targets of SANG in combating CA. Single-gene GSEA results suggest that the overexpression of AURKA and CDK2 is closely correlated with DNA replication, cell cycle progression, and various DNA repair pathways in CA. Molecular docking and molecular simulation dynamics analyses have confirmed the stable binding of both AURKA and CDK2 to SANG. In summary, by integrating diverse methodological approaches, this study discovered that SANG potentially inhibits the malignant features of CA by targeting AURKA and CDK2, thereby regulating DNA replication, cell cycle progression, and multiple DNA repair pathways. This lays a solid foundation for further exploring the pharmacological role of SANG in CA therapy. However, further in-depth in vitro and in vivo experiments are required to corroborate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Qi You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China.
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21
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Uddin T, Xia J, Fu Y, McNamara CW, Chatterjee AK, Sibley LD. High Throughput Repurposing Screen Reveals Compounds with Activity Against Toxoplasma gondii Bradyzoites. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.01.601569. [PMID: 39005312 PMCID: PMC11244992 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.01.601569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii causes widespread chronic infections that are not cured by current treatments due to inability to affect semi-dormant bradyzoite stages within tissue cysts. To identify compounds to eliminate chronic infection, we developed a HTS using a recently characterized strain of T. gondii that undergoes efficient conversion to bradyzoites in intro. Stage-specific expression of luciferase was used to selectively monitor growth inhibition of bradyzoites by the Library of Pharmacological Active Compounds, consisting of 1,280 drug-like compounds. We identified 44 compounds with >50% inhibitory effects against bradyzoites, including new highly potent compounds, several of which have precedent for antimicrobial activity. Subsequent characterization of the compound Sanguinarine sulfate revealed potent and rapid killing against in vitro produced bradyzoites and bradyzoites harvested from chronically infected mice. These findings provide a platform for expanded screening and identify promising compounds for further preclinical development against T. gondii bradyzoites responsible for chronic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taher Uddin
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jing Xia
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yong Fu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | - L. David Sibley
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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22
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Sun Y, Li Q, Huang Y, Yang Z, Li G, Sun X, Gu X, Qiao Y, Wu Q, Xie T, Sui X. Natural products for enhancing the sensitivity or decreasing the adverse effects of anticancer drugs through regulating the redox balance. Chin Med 2024; 19:110. [PMID: 39164783 PMCID: PMC11334420 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00982-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox imbalance is reported to play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis, cancer development, and drug resistance. Severe oxidative damage is a general consequence of cancer cell responses to treatment and may cause cancer cell death or severe adverse effects. To maintain their longevity, cancer cells can rescue redox balance and enter a state of resistance to anticancer drugs. Therefore, targeting redox signalling pathways has emerged as an attractive and prospective strategy for enhancing the efficacy of anticancer drugs and decreasing their adverse effects. Over the past few decades, natural products (NPs) have become an invaluable source for developing new anticancer drugs due to their high efficacy and low toxicity. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that many NPs exhibit remarkable antitumour effects, whether used alone or as adjuvants, and are emerging as effective approaches to enhance sensitivity and decrease the adverse effects of conventional cancer therapies by regulating redox balance. Among them are several novel anticancer drugs based on NPs that have entered clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the synergistic anticancer effects and related redox mechanisms of the combination of NPs with conventional anticancer drugs. We believe that NPs targeting redox regulation will represent promising novel candidates and provide prospects for cancer treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinyi Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yufei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zijing Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guohua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoqing Gu
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunhao Qiao
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qibiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China.
| | - Tian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China.
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xinbing Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China.
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
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23
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Chen KQ, Wang SZ, Lei HB, Liu X. Mini-review: research and progress of oxeiptosis in diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1428250. [PMID: 38966429 PMCID: PMC11222317 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1428250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxeiptosis is a novel cell death pathway that was introduced in 2018. As a form of regulated cell death, it operates independently of caspases and is induced by ROS. Distinguished from other cell death pathways such as apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, oxeiptosis features unique damage causes pivotal genes, and signaling pathways (KEAP1/PGAM5/AIFM1). Emerging studies indicate that oxeiptosis plays a significant role in the progression of various diseases and its regulation could serve as a promising therapeutic target. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying oxeiptosis remain to be fully elucidated. In this mini-review, we systematically summarize the latest developments in oxeiptosis-related diseases while detailing the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks of oxeiptosis. These insights offer a foundation for a deeper understanding of oxeiptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Qian Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China
| | - Shu-Zhi Wang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hai-Bo Lei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China
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