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Zhang W, Li C, Cheng X, Xu L, Xu W, Zhang B, Wang H, Zhou Y, Xiao Y, Jiang J, Xu B. Structural characterization of lignin from the green pretreatments for co-producing xylo-oligosaccharides and glucose: Toward full biomass utilization. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129235. [PMID: 38211916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Three green non-enzymatic catalysis pretreatments (NECPs) including autohydrolysis, subcritical CO2-assisted seawater autohydrolysis, and inorganic salt catalysis were utilized to simultaneously produce xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS), glucose, and cellulolytic enzyme lignin (CEL) from sugarcane bagasse (SCB). The yield of XOS in all three NECPs was over 50 % with a competitive glucose yield of enzymatic hydrolysis. And the effects of different pretreatments on the chemical structure and composition of CEL samples were also investigated. The pretreatments significantly increased the thermal stability, yield, and purity of the CEL samples. Moreover, the net yield of lignin was 58.3 % with lignin purity was 98.9 % in the autohydrolysis system. Furthermore, there was a decrease in the molecular weight of CEL samples as the pretreatment intensity increased. And the original lignin structural units sustained less damage during the NECPs, due to the cleavage of the β-O-4 bonds dominating lignin degradation. Meanwhile, these pretreatments increased the phenolic-OH in CEL samples, making the lignin more reactive, and enhancing its subsequent modification and utilization. Collectively, the described techniques have demonstrated practical significance for the coproduction of XOS and glucose, and lignin, providing a promising strategy for full utilization of biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Chenxi Li
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xichuang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Linlin Xu
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hanmin Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yawen Zhou
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Baocai Xu
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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2
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Xiao LP, Lv YH, Yang YQ, Zou SL, Shi ZJ, Sun RC. Unraveling the Lignin Structural Variation in Different Bamboo Species. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10304. [PMID: 37373449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure of cellulolytic enzyme lignin (CEL) prepared from three bamboo species (Neosinocalamus affinis, Bambusa lapidea, and Dendrocalamus brandisii) has been characterized by different analytical methods. The chemical composition analysis revealed a higher lignin content, up to 32.6% of B. lapidea as compared to that of N. affinis (20.7%) and D. brandisii (23.8%). The results indicated that bamboo lignin was a p-hydroxyphenyl-guaiacyl-syringyl (H-G-S) lignin associated with p-coumarates and ferulates. Advanced NMR analyses displayed that the isolated CELs were extensively acylated at the γ-carbon of the lignin side chain (with either acetate and/or p-coumarate groups). Moreover, a predominance of S over G lignin moieties was found in CELs of N. affinis and B. lapidea, with the lowest S/G ratio observed in D. brandisii lignin. Catalytic hydrogenolysis of lignin demonstrated that 4-propyl-substituted syringol/guaiacol and propanol guaiacol/syringol derived from β-O-4' moieties, and methyl coumarate/ferulate derived from hydroxycinnamic units were identified as the six major monomeric products. We anticipate that the insights of this work could shed light on the sufficient understanding of lignin, which could open a new avenue to facilitate the efficient utilization of bamboo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ping Xiao
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yi-Hui Lv
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yue-Qin Yang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Shuang-Lin Zou
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Zheng-Jun Shi
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Run-Cang Sun
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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3
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Jiang C, Liang W, Li K, Barati M, Conejo A, Guo P, Danaei A, Liang Z, Bu Y, Zhang J. A reactive molecular dynamics study of thermal pyrolysis behavior and mechanisms of lignin during the hydrothermal process: The function of the water molecules. Bioresour Technol 2023; 368:128338. [PMID: 36403908 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The lignin hydrothermal processing is an important option but a full understanding of the role played by the water molecules in the depolymerization of lignin is still lacking. In order to clarify the role of the water molecules in the depolymerization of lignin, the evolution of chemical bonds, microstructural changes, and possible mechanisms of product generation were compared during the pyrolysis process under vacuum and water conditions using Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Compared with vacuum conditions, the role of water changes with temperature, identifying three stages: promotion (1200-1800 K)-inhibition (2100-2400 K)-promotion (2700-3000 K). Also compared with vacuum conditions, hydrothermal processing can promote the cleavage of the ether bonds while inhibiting the destruction of carbocycles. Water molecules promote the depolymerization of lignin into more C4-molecules, thereby generating more combustible gas resources. Based on the research results, the pyrolysis conditions of lignin can be flexibly controlled to obtain solids, liquids or gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhe Jiang
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Wang Liang
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kejiang Li
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Mansoor Barati
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Alberto Conejo
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Peimin Guo
- Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Abdolkarim Danaei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Zeng Liang
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yushan Bu
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jianliang Zhang
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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Liu C, Li Z, Li MC, Chen W, Xu W, Hong S, Wu Q, Mei C. Lignin-containing cellulose nanofibers made with microwave-aid green solvent treatment for magnetic fluid stabilization. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 291:119573. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Guo KN, Zhang C, Xu LH, Sun SC, Wen JL, Yuan TQ. Efficient fractionation of bamboo residue by autohydrolysis and deep eutectic solvents pretreatment. Bioresour Technol 2022; 354:127225. [PMID: 35477102 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bamboo processing residue, which is rich in parenchyma cells, was treated as huge waste in bamboo processing industry, such as reassemble bamboo and bamboo flooring. Herein, autohydrolysis and rapid different deep eutectic solvents (DES) delignification strategy were consecutively performed to remove hemicelluloses and lignin from bamboo processing residue. The xylooligosaccharides (XOS) with high yield (34.35%) was achieved in the autohydrolysis process. Results showed that alkaline DES pretreatment resulted in the highest glucose yield (88.22%) and relatively high delignification rate (83.75%) as well as well-preserved lignin structures. However, the lignin fractions obtained under acidic DES conditions were tending to assemble into lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) and having excellent antioxidant activity as compared to those obtained from alkaline DES system. In brief, the combination of autohydrolysis and rapid DES delignification can achieve orientated fractionation of the components from the industrialized bamboo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ning Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ling-Hua Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shao-Chao Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jia-Long Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Tong-Qi Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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6
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Ma CY, Xu LH, Sun Q, Sun SN, Cao XF, Wen JL, Yuan TQ. Ultrafast alkaline deep eutectic solvent pretreatment for enhancing enzymatic saccharification and lignin fractionation from industrial xylose residue. Bioresour Technol 2022; 352:127065. [PMID: 35351557 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
An aspirational pretreatment method for efficient fractionation and tailored valorization of large industrial biomass can ensure the realizability of sustainable biorefinery strategies. In this study, an ultrafast alkaline deep eutectic solvents (DES) pretreatment strategy was developed to efficiently extract the lignin nanoparticles and retain cellulose residues that could be readily enzymatic saccharified to obtain fermentative glucose for the bioenergy production from industrial xylose residue. Results showed that the DES pretreatment had excellent delignification performance and the regenerated DES lignin nanoparticles exhibited well-preserved structures and excellent antioxidant activity, as well as low molecular weights and relatively uniform size distribution, which could facilitate downstream catalytic degradation for production of chemicals and preparation of lignin-based materials. Under the optimal condition (DES pretreatment: 80 °C, 10 min; saccharification: 10 FPU/g, 5 wt%, 100 mg/g Tween 80), the glucose yield of 90.12% could be achieved, which was dramatically increased compared to raw materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ye Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ling-Hua Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shao-Ni Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xue-Fei Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jia-Long Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Tong-Qi Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
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7
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Sun D, Lv Z, Rao J, Tian R, Sun S, Peng F. Effects of hydrothermal pretreatment on the dissolution and structural evolution of hemicelluloses and lignin: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 281:119050. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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8
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Pan Z, Li Y, Wang B, Sun F, Xu F, Zhang X. Mild fractionation of poplar into reactive lignin via lignin-first strategy and its enhancement on cellulose saccharification. Bioresour Technol 2022; 343:126122. [PMID: 34653625 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The lignin-first biorefinery approach was desirable to produce lignin-derived products by protecting the linkages of lignin and reducing condensation reaction. However, so far lignin-first strategy studies were mainly carried out under harsh conditions, causing serious destruction of lignin structure and reduction of chemically labile linkages, which was not conducive to enhance value of lignin adequately. In this work, mild fractionation of poplar via lignin-first strategy using dioxane/methanol at 80 °C was developed for purposely extracting reactive lignin with a relatively higher yield (>50%), purity (>99%), β-O-4' linkages and p-hydroxybenzoate group as compared with controlled sample. In addition, glucose yield of cellulose-rich residue under lignin-first strategy was significantly enhanced to 98.57% due to the superior cellulase adsorption abilities, which was obviously higher than the controlled group (53.88%). Overall, this mild lignin-first strategy was promising to fractionate lignocellulose into reactive lignin and fermentable glucose, thereby achieving full utilization of lignocellulose biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenying Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yijing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fubao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xueming Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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9
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Liu ZC, Wang ZW, Gao S, Tong YX, Le X, Hu NW, Yan QS, Zhou XG, He YR, Wang L. Isolation and Fractionation of the Tobacco Stalk Lignin for Customized Value-Added Utilization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:811287. [PMID: 34938726 PMCID: PMC8685371 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.811287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The value-added utilization of tobacco stalk lignin is the key to the development of tobacco stalk resources. However, the serious heterogeneity is the bottleneck for making full use of tobacco stalk lignin. Based on this, lignin was separated from tobacco stalk through hydrothermal assisted dilute alkali pretreatment. Subsequently, the tobacco stalk alkaline lignin was fractionated into five uniform lignin components by sequential solvent fractionation. Advanced spectral technologies (FT-IR, NMR, and GPC) were used to reveal the effects of hydrothermal assisted dilute alkali pretreatment and solvent fractionation on the structural features of tobacco stalk lignin. The lignin fractions extracted with n-butanol and ethanol had low molecular weight and high phenolic hydroxyl content, thus exhibiting superior chemical reactivity and antioxidant capacity. By contrast, the lignin fraction extracted with dioxane had high molecular weight and low reactivity, nevertheless, the high residual carbon rate made it suitable as a precursor for preparing carbon materials. In general, hydrothermal assisted dilute alkali pretreatment was proved to be an efficient method to separate lignin from tobacco stalk, and the application of sequential solvent fractionation to prepare lignin fractions with homogeneous structural features has specific application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chang Liu
- China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China.,Hubei Xinye Reconstituted Tobacco Development Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China.,Applied Technology Research of Reconstituted Tobacco Hubei Province Key Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Zi Wei Wang
- China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China.,Hubei Xinye Reconstituted Tobacco Development Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China.,Applied Technology Research of Reconstituted Tobacco Hubei Province Key Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Gao
- China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China.,Hubei Xinye Reconstituted Tobacco Development Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China.,Applied Technology Research of Reconstituted Tobacco Hubei Province Key Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Xing Tong
- China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China.,Hubei Xinye Reconstituted Tobacco Development Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China.,Applied Technology Research of Reconstituted Tobacco Hubei Province Key Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Le
- China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China.,Hubei Xinye Reconstituted Tobacco Development Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China.,Applied Technology Research of Reconstituted Tobacco Hubei Province Key Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Nian Wu Hu
- China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China.,Hubei Xinye Reconstituted Tobacco Development Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China.,Applied Technology Research of Reconstituted Tobacco Hubei Province Key Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Qun Shan Yan
- China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China.,Hubei Xinye Reconstituted Tobacco Development Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China.,Applied Technology Research of Reconstituted Tobacco Hubei Province Key Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian Gang Zhou
- China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China.,Hubei Xinye Reconstituted Tobacco Development Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China.,Applied Technology Research of Reconstituted Tobacco Hubei Province Key Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Rong He
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
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Yin C, Wang M, Ma Q, Bian H, Ren H, Dai H, Cheng J. Valorization of Rice Straw via Hydrotropic Lignin Extraction and Its Characterization. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144123. [PMID: 34299398 PMCID: PMC8305794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice straw hydrotropic lignin was extracted from p-Toluene sulfonic acid (p-TsOH) fractionation with a different combined delignification factor (CDF). Hydrotropic lignin characterization was systematically investigated, and alkaline lignin was also studied for the contrast. Results showed that the hydrotropic rice straw lignin particle was in nanometer scopes. Compared with alkaline lignin, the hydrotropic lignin had greater molecular weight. NMR analysis showed that β-aryl ether linkage was well preserved at low severities, and the unsaturation in the side chain of hydrotropic lignin was high. H units and G units were preferentially degraded and subsequently condensed at high severity. High severity also resulted in the cleavage of part β-aryl ether linkage. 31P-NMR showed the decrease in aliphatic hydroxyl groups and the increasing carboxyl group content at high severity. The maximum weight loss temperature of the hydrotropic lignin was in the range of 330–350 °C, higher than the alkaline lignin, and the glass conversion temperature (Tg) of the hydrotropic lignin was in the range of 107–125 °C, lower than that of the alkaline lignin. The hydrotropic lignin has high β-aryl ether linkage content, high activity, nanoscale particle size, and low Tg, which is beneficial for its further valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxin Yin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Science & Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (C.Y.); (M.W.); (H.B.); (H.R.); (H.D.)
| | - Min Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Science & Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (C.Y.); (M.W.); (H.B.); (H.R.); (H.D.)
| | - Qingzhi Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China;
| | - Huiyang Bian
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Science & Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (C.Y.); (M.W.); (H.B.); (H.R.); (H.D.)
| | - Hao Ren
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Science & Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (C.Y.); (M.W.); (H.B.); (H.R.); (H.D.)
| | - Hongqi Dai
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Science & Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (C.Y.); (M.W.); (H.B.); (H.R.); (H.D.)
| | - Jinlan Cheng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Science & Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (C.Y.); (M.W.); (H.B.); (H.R.); (H.D.)
- Correspondence:
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Su C, Gan T, Liu Z, Chen Y, Zhou Q, Xia J, Cao Y. Enhancement of the antioxidant abilities of lignin and lignin-carbohydrate complex from wheat straw by moderate depolymerization via LiCl/DMSO solvent catalysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 184:369-79. [PMID: 34126153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A facile and environmentally-friendly strategy for increasing antioxidant activity is a crucial issue for value-added lignin and lignin-carbohydrate complex (LCC) as alternative antioxidants. However, the antioxidant activities of lignin and LCC by the traditional solid-liquid extraction (SLE) methods were restricted by the relatively lower solubility induced from high molecular weight (Mw), and the less functional groups including, phenolic hydroxyl and carboxyl. To improve the antioxidantion of lignin and LCC, lithium chloride/dimethyl sulfoxide (LiCl/DMSO) solvent fractionation (LDSF) was conducted to increase the functional groups and reduce Mw, in which LiCl/DMSO acted triple roles as solvent, acid, and metal chloride catalyst for the depolymerization reaction synchronously. The β-O-4' linkages were cleaved to release the phenolic hydroxyl, resulting in decreasing Mw; the hydroxyl of the side-chain of lignin was oxidized into carboxyl. Thus, the lignin (LD-RL) and LCC (LD-LCC) samples from LDSF had a higher syringyl (S)/guaiacyl (G) ratio, phenolic hydroxyl, and carboxyl contents, but less Mw than control groups from SLE. Consequently, they presented more excellent scavenging rates toward DPPH and ABTS radicals, up to 90%. This work provided panoramic perspectives and basics of the green and convenient approach to isolate and modify lignin and LCC for great antioxidantion with LDSF.
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Sun SC, Sun D, Wang HM, Li HY, Cao XF, Sun SN, Yuan TQ. Effect of integrated treatment on improving the enzymatic digestibility of poplar and the structural features of isolated hemicelluloses. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 252:117164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Shao Z, Fu Y, Wang P, Zhang Y, Qin M, Li X, Zhang F. Modification of the aspen lignin structure during integrated fractionation process of autohydrolysis and formic acid delignification. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:1727-1737. [PMID: 33058978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Integrated fractionation process based on autohydrolysis (H) and subsequent formic acid delignification (FAD) has been considered as an effective strategy to separate the main lignocellulosic components in view of the biorefinery. For the better understanding of the structural changes of the lignin during the integrated process, the fractionated aspen lignins were thoroughly characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT IR), 13C, two-dimensional heteronuclear single quantum coherence (2D-HSQC) and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Compared to the milled wood lignin (MWL), the fractionated lignins had higher amounts of phenolic OH groups as due to the cleavage of β-O-4 linkages and less alcoholic OH groups mainly due to the esterification of the aliphatic OH groups by formic acid. Demethylation action of the lignin was not significant during the FAD process. More syringyl-propane (S) units were extracted during the H-FAD process than guaiacyl-propane (G) units resulting in a higher S/G ratio and more OCH3 in the fractionated lignins. Furthermore, autohydrolysis of aspen at higher temperature led to more condensation of the fractionated lignins which exhibited higher molecular weight and more β-5 and β-β linkages. The fractionated lignins exhibited high purities due to the breakage of the lignin-carbohydrate bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Yingjuan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, Shandong, China.
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Yongchao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Menghua Qin
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Taishan University, Taian 271021, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- Huatai Group Corp. Ltd., Dongying 257335, Shandong, China
| | - Fengshan Zhang
- Huatai Group Corp. Ltd., Dongying 257335, Shandong, China
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14
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Li J, Feng P, Xiu H, Zhang M, Li J, Du M, Zhang X, Kozliak E, Ji Y. Wheat straw components fractionation, with efficient delignification, by hydrothermal treatment followed by facilitated ethanol extraction. Bioresour Technol 2020; 316:123882. [PMID: 32739576 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass fractionaion into its three major components is critically important for efficient feedstock utilization. The hydrothermal-ethanol method has broad application as its first step, hydrothermal treatment, provides high hemicellulose separation efficiency. However, it severely inhibits the delignification on the subsequent ethanol extraction. In this study, the second step, ethanol extraction, was facilitated by the addition of 3% NaOH and 3% H2O2, resulting in a significant improvement of lignin separation (by 48.2%). SEM, AFM, XPS, and XRD were used to characterize the surface composition of the remaining solids (crude cellulose) while the structure of isolated lignin was characterized by FT-IR, CP/MAS 13C NMR, GPC and TGA. The lignin samples isolated with both facilitated and non-facilitated ethanol extraction were compared to elucidate the lignin removal mechanism. The results showed that lignin degradation and crosslinking/polymerization occur in parallel during both the hydrothermal treatment and ethanol extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbao Li
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Xi'an 710021, China; Shaanxi Province Key Lab of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Pan Feng
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Huijuan Xiu
- Shaanxi Province Key Lab of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Meiyun Zhang
- Shaanxi Province Key Lab of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Jingyu Li
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Min Du
- Shaanxi Province Key Lab of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xuefei Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Evguenii Kozliak
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Yun Ji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA.
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15
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Zhang Q, Wan G, Li M, Jiang H, Wang S, Min D. Impact of bagasse lignin-carbohydrate complexes structural changes on cellulase adsorption behavior. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:236-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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16
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Feng C, Du J, Wei S, Qin C, Liang C, Yao S. Effect of p-TsOH pretreatment on separation of bagasse components and preparation of nanocellulose filaments. R Soc Open Sci 2020; 7:200967. [PMID: 33047055 PMCID: PMC7540794 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The efficient separation of bagasse components was achieved by p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TsOH) pretreatment. The effects of p-TsOH dosage, reaction temperature and reaction time on cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin contents were studied. Eighty-five per cent of lignin was dissolved, whereas the cellulose loss was minimal (less than 8.1%). Cellulose-rich water-insoluble residual solids were obtained. The degree of polymerization of cellulose decreased slightly, but the crystallinity index (CrI) increased from 52.0% to 68.1%. It indicated that the highly efficient delignification of bagasse was achieved by p-TsOH pretreatment. The nanocellulose filaments (CNFs) were produced by the treated samples. The physico-chemical properties of CNFs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that the CNFs have smaller average size and higher thermal stability. It provides a new method for CNFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqi Feng
- School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Du
- School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Wei
- School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengrong Qin
- School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Liang
- School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangquan Yao
- School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
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17
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Liu X, Li T, Wu S, Ma H, Yin Y. Structural characterization and comparison of enzymatic and deep eutectic solvents isolated lignin from various green processes: Toward lignin valorization. Bioresour Technol 2020; 310:123460. [PMID: 32402988 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, several representative green processes were developed to extract the enzymatic lignin and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) isolated lignin from corn straw. The results revealed that enzymatic lignin and DESs isolated lignin had a relatively low and homogeneous molecular weight and DESs isolated lignin shown a higher purity. Enzymatic and DESs isolated lignin showed good representativeness and similar to original herbal lignin structures accompany few aryl ether linkage cleavages and oxidation phenomenon. Among them, the subcritical CO2-assisted autohydrolysis and ChCl/Lac DESs treatment exhibited a higher severity for lignin preparation, and sequence DESs isolated lignin had a better reactivity. The β-O-4 ether bonds and carbon-carbon bonds linkage were further broken up during the Lac and DESs sequence treatment. In short, the described processes showed practical significance for lignin extraction and potential valorization, as well as help to develop more novel strategies for the current biorefinery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Tengfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Shubin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Hao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Yihui Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
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18
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Abd El-Sayed E, El-Sakhawy M, El-Sakhawy MAM. Non-wood fibers as raw material for pulp and paper industry. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 2020; 35:215-230. [DOI: 10.1515/npprj-2019-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Pulp and paper industry in the world have been growing fast. As a result, there has been a massive request for pulp and paper raw materials. The raw materials used in papermaking can be classified into three groups: wood, non-wood, and recycled wastepaper. The Non-wood raw material is an important fiber resource in the regions where forest resources are limited. The current usage of non-wood plant fibers, as rice straws, corn stalks, cotton stalks, and bagasse would play a chief role in increasing papermaking raw materials. Using of non-wood plant fibers in the paper industry associated with some problems, including collection, transportation, storage and handling, washing, bleaching, papermaking, chemical recovery, supply of raw material and the properties of finished paper. Recently, a high-tech innovation in all the fields of papermaking has made non-wood more reasonable with wood as a raw material for papermaking. Although till now, use of non-wood fibers for pulp and paper manufacture was focused in countries with limited wood supply, it is now showing a growing effort even in countries with acceptable wood source due to environmental concerns. Consequently, the future of non-wood plant fibers as pulping and papermaking raw material looks bright.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam S. Abd El-Sayed
- Cellulose and Paper Department , National Research Centre , 33 El-Bohouth St. (Former EL Tahrir St), Dokki , , Giza , Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Sakhawy
- Cellulose and Paper Department , National Research Centre , 33 El-Bohouth St. (Former EL Tahrir St), Dokki , , Giza , Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Monem El-Sakhawy
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Dept. , College of Applied Medical Sciences , Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University , Al-Kharj , KSA
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Dept. , Desert Research Center , Cairo , Egypt
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19
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Chen T, Ma C, Min D, Liu C, Sun S, Cao X, Wen J, Yuan T, Sun R. Aldehydes-Aided Lignin-First Deconstruction Strategy for Facilitating Lignin Monomers and Fermentable Glucose Production from Poplar Wood. Energies 2020; 13:1113. [DOI: 10.3390/en13051113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, lignin with fine structures and facile enzymatic saccharifying residue were successively dissociated based on the lignin-first biomass deconstruction strategy. In the lignin-first process, aldehyde-protected lignin fractions were firstly isolated by acid-catalyzed dioxane extraction in the presence of formaldehyde (FA) and acetaldehyde (AA) and then analyzed by advanced nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The optimized hydrogenolysis of the extracted lignin (LFA and LAA) resulted in a high yield (42.57% and 33.00%) of lignin monomers with high product selectivity (mainly 2,6-dimethoxy-4-propylphenol) (39.93% and 46.61%). Moreover, the cellulose-rich residues were saccharified into fermentable glucose for bioethanol production. The glucose yield of the substrate (RAA) reached to 75.12%, which was significantly higher than that (15.4%) of the substrate (RFA). In short, the lignin-first biomass deconstruction by adding AA is a promising and sustainable process for producing value-added products (energy and fine chemicals) from lignocellulosic biomass.
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20
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Hossain A, Rahaman MS, Lee D, Phung TK, Canlas CG, Simmons BA, Renneckar S, Reynolds W, George A, Tulaphol S, Sathitsuksanoh N. Enhanced Softwood Cellulose Accessibility by H 3PO 4 Pretreatment: High Sugar Yield without Compromising Lignin Integrity. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b05873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Hossain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Mohammad Shahinur Rahaman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - David Lee
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Thanh Khoa Phung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Christian G. Canlas
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Core Laboratories, Thuwal, 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
- College of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Blake A. Simmons
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Scott Renneckar
- Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - William Reynolds
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Anthe George
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
- Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Sarttrawut Tulaphol
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
- Department of Chemistry, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Noppadon Sathitsuksanoh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
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21
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Shen X, Meng Q, Mei Q, Liu H, Yan J, Song J, Tan D, Chen B, Zhang Z, Yang G, Han B. Selective catalytic transformation of lignin with guaiacol as the only liquid product. Chem Sci 2019; 11:1347-1352. [PMID: 34123258 PMCID: PMC8148073 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05892c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Guaiacol is an important feedstock for producing various high-value chemicals. However, the current production route of guaiacol relies heavily on fossil resources. Using lignin as a cheap and renewable feedstock to selectively produce guaiacol has great potential, but it is a challenge because of its heterogeneity and inert reactivity. Herein, we discovered that La(OTf)3 could catalyze the transformation of lignin with guaiacol as the only liquid product. In the reaction, La(OTf)3 catalyzed the hydrolysis of lignin ether linkages to form alkyl-syringol and alkyl-guaiacol, which further underwent decarbonization and demethoxylation to produce guaiacol with a yield of up to 25.5 wt%, and the remaining residue was solid. In the scale-up experiment, the isolated yield of guaiacol reached up to 21.2 wt%. To our knowledge, this is the first work to produce pure guaiacol selectively from lignin. The bio-guaiacol may be considered as a platform to promote lignin utilization. La(OTf)3 can catalyze the transformation of lignin efficiently with guaiacol as the only liquid product, and guaiacol produced can be isolated easily in a scaled up experiment.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Qinglei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Qingqing Mei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Huizhen Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China.,Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Centre Beijing 101407 P. R. China
| | - Jiang Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jinliang Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Dongxing Tan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Bingfeng Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Zhanrong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Guanying Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China.,Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Centre Beijing 101407 P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
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22
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Li J, Feng P, Xiu H, Li J, Yang X, Ma F, Li X, Zhang X, Kozliak E, Ji Y. Morphological changes of lignin during separation of wheat straw components by the hydrothermal-ethanol method. Bioresour Technol 2019; 294:122157. [PMID: 31557653 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The separation efficiencies of wheat straw components by hydrothermal treatment and ethanol extraction have been compared. The results showed that the lignin removal rate by two-step hydrothermal-ethanol method was significantly lower than that of single-step ethanol extraction. Microscopic and adsorption studies (using SEM/AFM, XPS and pore structure analysis) showed that during the hydrothermal treatment a large lignin fraction migrated from the intercellular layer and cell wall and deposited on the fiber surface. Furthermore, the deposited lignin then spread on the fiber surface to form a lignin coating layer, which prevented its dissolution in ethanol. Without prior heating, i.e., upon a single step ethanol extraction, the massive lignin deposition was avoided, presumably due to its efficient dissolution hindering its tight binding with carbohydrate polymers on the fiber surface. Therefore, the lignin removal efficiency was drastically reduced as a result of hydrothermal treatment compared to ethanol extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbao Li
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Xi'an 710021, China; Shaanxi Province Key Lab of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Pan Feng
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Huijuan Xiu
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Jingyu Li
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Feiyan Ma
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xuefei Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Evguenii Kozliak
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Yun Ji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA.
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23
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Qi X, Chu J, Jia L, Kumar A. Influence of Different Pretreatments on the Structure and Hydrolysis Behavior of Bamboo: A Comparative Study. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12162570. [PMID: 31408992 PMCID: PMC6720690 DOI: 10.3390/ma12162570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, three pretreatments of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and glycerin were employed with bamboo fibers at two different temperatures of 117 °C and 135 °C, respectively. The chemical composition and structural characterization of the pretreated bamboo fibers were comparatively studied using spectroscopic and wet chemistry methods. Furthermore, the comparative hydrolysis behaviors of pretreated bamboo were studied due to the synergistic interaction between cellulases and xylanase. The NaOH treatment increased the holocellulose contents to 87.4%, and the mean diameter of the cellulose fibers decreased from 50 ± 5 µm (raw fiber bundles) to 5 ± 2 µm. The lignin content and the degree of cellulose polymerization both decreased, while the crystallinity index of cellulose and thermostability increased. The hydrolysis yields of NaOH pretreated bamboo at 135 °C increased from 84.2% to 98.1% after a supplement of 0.5 cellulose to 1 mg protein/g dry xylan. The NaOH pretreatment achieved optimal enzymatic digestibility, particularly at higher temperatures as indicated by the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Qi
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jie Chu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Liangliang Jia
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Production Systems, Tietotie 2, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland
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24
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Huang C, Lin W, Lai C, Li X, Jin Y, Yong Q. Coupling the post-extraction process to remove residual lignin and alter the recalcitrant structures for improving the enzymatic digestibility of acid-pretreated bamboo residues. Bioresour Technol 2019; 285:121355. [PMID: 31004950 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a mild and facile post-extraction using different reagents was evaluated to overcome these recalcitrance for improving the enzymatic digestibility of acid-pretreated bamboo residues by removing the lignin and disrupting its inhibitory properties. Results showed that the enzymatic digestibility of acid-pretreated bamboo residues can be improved from 15.4% to 61.4%, 59.7%, and 42.8% by room temperature post-extraction with phosphoric acid, urea, and ethanol, respectively. Several compelling correlations (R2 > 0.5) were observable between enzymatic digestibility and structural changes, including delignification, reducing of substrate hydrophobicity, altering cellulose crystallinity, and elevations to the residual lignin syringyl-to-guaiacyl (S/G) ratio and functional groups. The results serve as a demonstration of the downstream value that can be gained when coupling a post-extraction process with acid pretreatment of bamboo residues, resulting in greater fermentable sugar production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caoxing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenqian Lin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chenhuan Lai
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Department of Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qiang Yong
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Gunasekaran V, Ramesh S, Sathiasivan K, Shankar M, Rajesh M, Tamilarasan K. Simultaneous organosolv pretreatment and detoxification of agro-biomass for efficient lignin extraction and characterization. Chem Pap 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-019-00876-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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26
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Wang H, Wang B, Sun D, Shi Q, Zheng L, Wang S, Liu S, Xia R, Sun R. Unraveling the Fate of Lignin from Eucalyptus and Poplar during Integrated Delignification and Bleaching. ChemSusChem 2019; 12:1059-1068. [PMID: 30648348 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201802592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Efficient deconstruction of lignocellulose is vitally important for the biorefinery industry because lignin structures play a crucial role in the high value-added conversion of lignin. In this study, an integrated process based on hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) and Kraft delignification was proposed to deconstruct lignocellulosic biomass. It was found that the HTP not only facilitated the production of xylo-oligosaccharides but also reduced the chemicals dosage of the following delignification. The structural characteristics of lignin obtained from the integrated process were investigated by NMR spectroscopy and gel-permeation chromatography. Additionally, double enzymatic lignins (DELs) isolated from different feedstocks were used as "model lignin" to delineate the structural transformations of lignin during H2 O2 , ClO2 , and O3 bleaching. Significant changes of the lignin structure were observed during the ClO2 bleaching process, including degradation of aromatic rings, enrichment in p-hydroxyphenyl units, and increase of carboxylic groups. A comparison of the structural characteristics of the bleached lignins indicated that HTP benefited the subsequent bleaching process. Enhanced knowledge of lignin chemistry during deconstruction and delignification could provide valuable insight into the current lignocellulose biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanmin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Bing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Dan Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Quentin Shi
- Shanghai Dssun New Material Co., Ltd., Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lu Zheng
- Shanghai Dssun New Material Co., Ltd., Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shuangfei Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Shijie Liu
- College of Light Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ruirui Xia
- Shandong Longlive Bio-Technology Co., Ltd., Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Runcang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, P.R. China
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28
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Michelin M, Liebentritt S, Vicente AA, Teixeira JA. Lignin from an integrated process consisting of liquid hot water and ethanol organosolv: Physicochemical and antioxidant properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:159-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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29
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Chen T, Li Z, Zhang X, Min D, Wu Y, Wen J, Yuan T. Effects of Hydrothermal Pretreatment on the Structural Characteristics of Organosolv Lignin from Triarrhena lutarioriparia. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1157. [PMID: 30961082 PMCID: PMC6403627 DOI: 10.3390/polym10101157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of hydrothermal pretreatment (170⁻180 °C, 30⁻60 min) on the structural characteristics of enzymatic and extracted lignin from Triarrhena lutarioriparia (TL) during the integrated delignification process have been comprehensively investigated. Ion chromatography and NMR characterization showed that liquid products after mild hydrothermal process (170 °C, 30 min) were mainly composed of xylooligosaccharide (XOS) with different degrees of polymerization (DP ≥ 2). In addition, the structural changes of lignin during hydrothermal pretreatment and organic acid delignification process have been demonstrated by quantitative 2D heteronuclear single quantum coherence (2D-HSQC) and 31P-NMR techniques. Results showed that the structural changes of lignin (e.g., cleavage of β-O-4 linkages) induced by the hydrothermal pretreatment will facilitate the subsequent organic acid delignification process, and acetylated lignin could be obtained with a considerable yield, which can be used in lignin-based composite and candidate feedstock for catalytic upgrading of lignin. In short, the proposed process facilitates the producing of XOS and acetylated lignin for lignin valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianying Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xueming Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Douyong Min
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp and Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Yuying Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jialong Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Tongqi Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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30
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Qin Z, Zhang ZG, Liu HM, Qin GY, Wang XD. Acetic acid lignins from Chinese quince fruit (Chaenomeles sinensis): effect of pretreatment on their structural features and antioxidant activities. RSC Adv 2018; 8:24923-24931. [PMID: 35542132 PMCID: PMC9082293 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04009e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, three pretreatment processes were evaluated for their effects on the structural features and antioxidant activities of lignins extracted by the acetosolv process from the fruit of Chinese quince. The three pretreatments included dephenolization, sugar removal, and multiple processes (a combination of both dephenolization and sugar removal). The results showed that after sugar removal pretreatment, the carbohydrate content, the molecular weight and S/G value of the lignin fractions decreased. However, after dephenolization pretreatment, the carbohydrate content and the molecular weight of the lignin fractions increased. After sugar removal and dephenolization, there were increases in the temperatures corresponding to the maximal rate of decomposition (DTGmax) in all lignin fractions. The radical scavenging index of lignin after sugar removal pretreatment was higher compared to other pretreatments and no treatment. The results of these tests showed that sugar removal, as a pretreatment, enhanced lignin extraction, yielding pure and highly functional lignins. Additionally, dephenolization or multiple process were beneficial to the acquisition of macromolecular lignins. All the results provided references for the biorefinery of biomass rich in polyphenol and sugar compounds. Three pretreatments, including sugar removal, dephenolization and multiple processes, are applied on the lignin extraction from Chinese quince fruits.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Qin
- School of Physics and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
- College of Food Science and Technology
| | - Zhao-Guo Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology
- College of International Education
- Henan University of Technology
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
| | - Hua-Min Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology
- College of International Education
- Henan University of Technology
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
| | - Guang-Yong Qin
- School of Physics and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
| | - Xue-De Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology
- College of International Education
- Henan University of Technology
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
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31
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Chen B, Zhao B, Li M, Sun R. Characterization of lignins isolated with alkali from the hydrothermal or dilute-acid pretreated rapeseed straw during bioethanol production. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 106:885-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chen TY, Wen JL, Wang B, Wang HM, Liu CF, Sun RC. Assessment of integrated process based on autohydrolysis and robust delignification process for enzymatic saccharification of bamboo. Bioresour Technol 2017; 244:717-725. [PMID: 28822283 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) was successfully deconstructed using an integrated process (autohydrolysis and subsequent delignification). Xylooligosaccharides, high-purity lignin, and digestible substrates for producing glucose can be consecutively collected during the integrated process. The structural change and fate of lignin during autohydrolysis process was deeply investigated. Additionally, the structural characteristics and active functional groups of the lignin fractions obtained by these delignification processes were thoroughly investigated by NMR (2D-HSQC and 31P NMR) and GPC techniques. The chemical compositions (S, G, and H) and major linkages (β-O-4, β-β, β-5, etc.) were thoroughly assigned and the frequencies of the major lignin linkages were quantitatively compared. Considering the structural characteristics and molecular weights of the lignin as well as enzymatic saccharification ratio of the substrate, the combination of autohydrolysis and organic base-catalyzed ethanol pretreatment was deemed as a promising biorefinery mode in the future based on bamboo feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Ying Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jia-Long Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Han-Min Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chuan-Fu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Run-Cang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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33
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Chen X, Li H, Sun S, Cao X, Sun R. Effect of hydrothermal pretreatment on the structural changes of alkaline ethanol lignin from wheat straw. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39354. [PMID: 27982101 DOI: 10.1038/srep39354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the enormous abundance of lignin and its unique aromatic nature, lignin has great potential for the production of industrially useful fuels, chemicals, and materials. However, the rigid and compact structure of the plant cell walls significantly blocks the separation of lignin. In this study, wheat straw was hydrothermally pretreated at different temperatures (120–200 °C) followed by post-treatment with 70% ethanol containing 1% NaOH to improve the isolation of lignin. Results demonstrated that the content of associated carbohydrates of the lignin fractions was gradually reduced with the increment of the hydrothermal severity. The structure of the lignins changed regularly with the increase of the pretreatment temperature from 120 to 200 °C. In particular, the contents of β-O-4′, β-β′, β-5′ linkages and aliphatic OH in the lignins showed a tendency of decrease, while the content of phenolic OH and thermal stability of the lignin fractions increased steadily as the increment of the pretreatment temperature.
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34
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Liang X, Fu Y, Chang J. Recovery of ionic liquid via a hybrid methodology of electrodialysis with ultrafiltration after biomass pretreatment. Bioresour Technol 2016; 220:289-296. [PMID: 27589823 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid membrane-based methodology of electrodialysis (ED) with ultrafiltration (UF) was employed to recover the IL BmimBr (1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide) after biomass fractionation. Ultrafiltration was used to remove the residual lignin in IL solutions. Influence of molecular weight interception of UF treatment, initial IL concentration in dilute section, applied voltage and flow rate in each section of ED module were studied in detail. In this study, the highest overall IL recovery ratio reached 75.2% and the current efficiency of ED process approached 79.1%. Besides, the highest IL recovery performance of specific energy consumption was about 514.1g/kw·h. Insight gained from this study suggests a potential methodology for IL recovery after the pretreatment process for biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Liang
- The Key Lab of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 381, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yan Fu
- The Key Lab of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 381, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Jie Chang
- The Key Lab of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 381, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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35
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Yang Z, Zhang X, Yao X, Fang Y, Chen H, Ji H. β-cyclodextrin grafted on lignin as inverse phase transfer catalyst for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol in H2O. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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36
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Yue Y, Han J, Han G, Zhang Q, French AD, Wu Q. Characterization of cellulose I/II hybrid fibers isolated from energycane bagasse during the delignification process: Morphology, crystallinity and percentage estimation. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 133:438-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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37
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Zhu MQ, Wen JL, Su YQ, Wei Q, Sun RC. Effect of structural changes of lignin during the autohydrolysis and organosolv pretreatment on Eucommia ulmoides Oliver for an effective enzymatic hydrolysis. Bioresour Technol 2015; 185:378-85. [PMID: 25754353 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (EU) wood was successively treated by autohydrolysis and organosolv pretreatment integrated process. Autohydrolysis pretreatment facilitated xylooligosaccharides production, subsequent organosolv pretreatment to obtain high-purity lignin and digestible cellulose-rich residue. Results showed that the lignin fractions obtained exhibited smaller molecular weights, narrow polydispersity, more phenolic OH groups and higher syringyl/guaiacyl ratios (S/G) than the milled wood lignin. NMR characterization of the lignin revealed that the β-O-4 linkages significantly cleaved and the structure of stilbene formed, but its resinol (β-β) was resistant to be degraded by organosolv delignification. Moreover, the glucose yield of the integrated residue achieved a maximum value of 89.3% after enzyme hydrolysis, separately about 1.0, 1.3, 3.8 times as compared to that of the ethanol organosolv residue, the hydrothermally treated residue and the EU wood, respectively, which indicated that the integrated process was a promising approach to value-added utilization of the EU wood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Qiang Zhu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jia-Long Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yin-Quan Su
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qin Wei
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Run-Cang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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38
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Sun SL, Sun SN, Wen JL, Zhang XM, Peng F, Sun RC. Assessment of integrated process based on hydrothermal and alkaline treatments for enzymatic saccharification of sweet sorghum stems. Bioresour Technol 2015; 175:473-9. [PMID: 25459857 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, sweet sorghum stem was subjected to hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) and alkaline post-treatment to enhance its saccharification ratio by reducing its recalcitrance. The results showed that the HTP (110-210°C, 0.5-2.0h) significantly degraded hemicelluloses, and the pretreatment at the temperature higher than 190°C led to the partial degradation of the cellulose. As compared to the sole HTP, the integrated process removed most of lignin and hemicelluloses, which incurred a higher cellulose saccharification ratio. Under an optimum condition evaluated (HTP at 170°C for 0.5h and subsequent 2% NaOH treatment), 77.5% saccharification ratio was achieved, which was 1.8, 2.0 and 5.5 times as compared to the only HTP pretreated substrates, alkaline treated substrates alone and the raw material without pretreatment, respectively. Clearly, the integrated process can be considered as a promising approach to achieve an efficient conversion of lignocellulose to fermentable glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Long Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Shao-Ni Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Long Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Ming Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
| | - Run-Cang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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39
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Sun SN, Li HY, Cao XF, Xu F, Sun RC. Structural variation of eucalyptus lignin in a combination of hydrothermal and alkali treatments. Bioresour Technol 2015; 176:296-299. [PMID: 25435069 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the structural features of the lignin isolated with 2% NaOH at 90°C for 2.5h from the hydrothermally pretreated eucalyptus fibers at different temperatures (100-200°C) for different times (15-60min) were thoroughly investigated. Results showed that the hydrothermal pretreatment facilitated the separation of alkali lignin from the pretreated fibers. It was found that the linkages of β-O-4, β-β, and β-5 decreased gradually with the increase of hydrothermal severity. Furthermore, decreased molecular weights (1630-510g/mol), associated carbohydrates contents (1.99-0.05%) and aliphatic OH contents (3.37-0.65mmol/g), and increased phenolic OH contents (0.71-2.98mmol/g) and thermal stability of the alkali lignins were observed with the increase of the hydrothermal severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ni Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Han-Yin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xue-Fei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Feng Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Run-Cang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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40
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Hernández-Hernández HM, Chanona-Pérez JJ, Calderón-Domínguez G, Perea-Flores MJ, Mendoza-Pérez JA, Vega A, Ligero P, Palacios-González E, Farrera-Rebollo RR. Evaluation of agave fiber delignification by means of microscopy techniques and image analysis. Microsc Microanal 2014; 20:1436-1446. [PMID: 25156546 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927614012987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the use of different types of natural fibers to produce paper and textiles from agave plants has been proposed. Agave atrovirens can be a good source of cellulose and lignin; nevertheless, the microstructural changes that happen during delignification have scarcely been studied. The aim of this work was to study the microstructural changes that occur during the delignification of agave fibers by means of microscopy techniques and image analysis. The fibers of A. atrovirens were obtained from leaves using convective drying, milling, and sieving. Fibers were processed using the Acetosolv pulping method at different concentrations of acetic acid; increasing acid concentration promoted higher levels of delignification, structural damage, and the breakdown of fiber clumps. Delignification followed by spectrometric analysis and microstructural studies were carried out by light, confocal laser scanning and scanning electron microscopy and showed that the delignification process follows three stages: initial, bulk, and residual. Microscopy techniques and image analysis were efficient tools for microstructural characterization during delignification of agave fibers, allowing quantitative evaluation of the process and the development of linear prediction models. The data obtained integrated numerical and microstructural information that could be valuable for the study of pulping of lignocellulosic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilda M Hernández-Hernández
- 1Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica,Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas,Instituto Politécnico Nacional,Plan de Ayala y Carpio s/n,Col. Santo Tomas,C. P. 11340,México D.F.,Mexico
| | - Jorge J Chanona-Pérez
- 1Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica,Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas,Instituto Politécnico Nacional,Plan de Ayala y Carpio s/n,Col. Santo Tomas,C. P. 11340,México D.F.,Mexico
| | - Georgina Calderón-Domínguez
- 1Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica,Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas,Instituto Politécnico Nacional,Plan de Ayala y Carpio s/n,Col. Santo Tomas,C. P. 11340,México D.F.,Mexico
| | - María J Perea-Flores
- 2Centro de Nanociencias y Micro-Nanotecnología,Instituto Politécnico Nacional,Luis Enrique Erro s/n,Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos,Col. Zacatenco,C. P. 07738,México D.F.,Mexico
| | - Jorge A Mendoza-Pérez
- 3Departamento Ingeniería en Sistemas Ambientales,Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas,Instituto Politécnico Nacional,Wilfrido Massieu s/n U,Profesor Adolfo López Mateos,Gustavo A. Madero,07738 México D.F.,Mexico
| | - Alberto Vega
- 4Departamento Química Física e Enxeñería Química I,Facultade de Ciencias,Universidade da Coruña,Campus da Zapateira,15071A Coruña España,Spain
| | - Pablo Ligero
- 4Departamento Química Física e Enxeñería Química I,Facultade de Ciencias,Universidade da Coruña,Campus da Zapateira,15071A Coruña España,Spain
| | - Eduardo Palacios-González
- 5Laboratorio de Microscopía Electrónica de Ultra Alta Resolución,Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo,Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas N.152,Edif. 33,Colonia San Bartolo Atepehuacan,C. P. 07730,México D.F.,Mexico
| | - Reynold R Farrera-Rebollo
- 1Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica,Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas,Instituto Politécnico Nacional,Plan de Ayala y Carpio s/n,Col. Santo Tomas,C. P. 11340,México D.F.,Mexico
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Sun SL, Wen JL, Ma MG, Sun RC. Structural elucidation of sorghum lignins from an integrated biorefinery process based on hydrothermal and alkaline treatments. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:8120-8. [PMID: 25090032 DOI: 10.1021/jf501669r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
An integrated process based on hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) (i.e., 110-230 °C, 0.5-2.0 h) and alkaline post-treatment (2% NaOH at 90 °C for 2.0 h) has been performed for the production of xylooligosaccharide, lignin, and digestible substrate from sweet sorghum stems. The yield, purity, dissociation mechanisms, structural features, and structural transformations of alkali lignins obtained from the integrated process were investigated. It was found that the HTP process facilitated the subsequent alkaline delignification, releasing lignin with the highest yield (79.3%) and purity from the HTP residue obtained at 190 °C for 0.5 h. All of the results indicated that the cleavage of the β-O-4 linkages and degradation of β-β and β-5 linkages occurred under the harsh HTP conditions. Depolymerization and condensation reactions simultaneously occurred at higher temperatures (≥ 170 °C). Moreover, the thermostability of lignin was positively related to its molecular weight, but was also affected by the inherent structures, such as β-O-4 linkages and condensed units. These findings will enhance the understanding of structural transformations of the lignins during the integrated process and maximize the potential utilizations of the lignins in a current biorefinery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Long Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083, China
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