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Zheng Z, Gustavsson DJI, Zheng D, Holmin F, Falås P, Wilén BM, Modin O, Persson F. Genome-centric metagenomics reveals the effect of organic carbon source on one-stage partial denitrification-anammox in biofilm reactors. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2025; 388:125972. [PMID: 40449445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2025] [Accepted: 05/24/2025] [Indexed: 06/03/2025]
Abstract
Nitrogen removal from wastewater with anammox saves energy and resources. Partial denitrification-anammox (PDA) is a promising process alternative for municipal wastewater treatment, given that the understanding about how to control the microbiome and its activity reach sufficient level. Here, two moving bed biofilm reactors were fed with either acetate or propionate to study the role of organic carbon type for microbiome composition and nitrogen turnover during development of PDA. With acetate, 87 % of the removed nitrogen was converted via anammox during stable operation at a rate of 0.52 g N/(m2·d). With propionate, the anammox contribution was considerably lower (41 %), as was the rate of nitrogen removal (0.27 g N/(m2·d)). The microbiome composition in the acetate- and propionate-fed reactors was however similar, with an enrichment of metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) having genes for nitrate reduction (narG, napA). A large fraction of these MAGs had the potential to accumulate nitrite since they lacked genes for nitrite reduction (nirS, nirK, nrfA). Genes for acetate utilization were common among these MAGs, but the necessary genes for propionate conversion were rare, suggesting that the genetic make-up of the individual denitrifiers had major influence on the nitrogen turnover. One anammox MAG (Ca. Brocadia sapporoensis), harboring genes for organic carbon utilization, prevailed in the PDA reactors. Another three anammox MAGs (Ca. B. fulgida, Ca. B. pituitae and a potentially new species within Ca. Brocadia), lacking genes for organic carbon utilization, decreased in abundance in the reactors, indicating the importance of metabolic versatility for anammox bacteria in PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejia Zheng
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden; Greenhouse Horticulture, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AP, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - David J I Gustavsson
- Sweden Water Research AB, c/o Genetor, Raffinaderiet, Fabriksgatan 2, SE-222 35, Lund, Sweden; VA SYD, P.O. Box 191, SE-20121, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Dan Zheng
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Felix Holmin
- Sweden Water Research AB, c/o Genetor, Raffinaderiet, Fabriksgatan 2, SE-222 35, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Falås
- Department of Process and Life Science Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, SE-22100, Sweden
| | - Britt-Marie Wilén
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Oskar Modin
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Frank Persson
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Wang ZB, Zhang J, Miao Q, Cao HY, Xiong F, Lee T, El-Baz A, Xie L, Ni SQ. Achieving Stable Partial Denitrification by Selective Inhibition of Nitrite Reductase with the Biosafe Aprotic Solvent DMSO. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39561215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c08731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2024]
Abstract
The recently proposed partial denitrification (PD), terminating nitrate reduction to nitrite, has been regarded as a promising alternative to nitrite supplying for anammox bacteria. The most important aspect of the PD process for engineering application is the stable and continuous supply of nitrite. However, the activity of nitrate reductase is often higher than that of nitrite reductase (NIR), making it difficult to accumulate nitrite during the denitrification process. Herein, a strategy for achieving efficient and stable partial denitrification using the biosafe additive dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was constructed, and the mechanism of DMSO inhibiting NIR was analyzed. DMSO addition reduced the expression of NIR gene, and 1% DMSO addition can significantly inhibit NIR enzyme activity to achieve a stable PD process. When the DMSO concentration increased to 3.5%, the NIR enzyme activity was almost inhibited with the enzyme activity of only 0.95 mg nitrite/min. However, the addition of DMSO has almost no inhibitory effect on the nitrate reductase (NAR) enzyme. The affinity constant of DMSO with the NAR enzyme is -2.4 kcal/mol, while the affinity constant of DMSO with the NIR enzyme is as high as -3.1 kcal/mol. DMSO shows a higher affinity for NIR. Moreover, DMSO and nitrite occupy the same catalytic cavity in the NIR enzyme, which is the fundamental reason why DMSO selectively inhibits the NIR enzyme. This study provides a new idea for realizing efficient and stable partial denitrification function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
- Qingdao Shunqingyuan Environment Co., Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong 266041, China
| | - Qinshu Miao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Hai-Yan Cao
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Qingdao Shunqingyuan Environment Co., Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong 266041, China
| | - Taeho Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan 610015, Republic of Korea
| | - Amro El-Baz
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Liangke Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Shou-Qing Ni
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
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Qian F, Liu Y, He L, Dong Z, Chen M, Liu W. Metagenomic insights into microbial metabolic mechanisms of a combined solid-phase denitrification and anammox process for nitrogen removal in mainstream wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121797. [PMID: 38996605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
To overcome the significant challenges associated with nitrite supply and nitrate residues in mainstream anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox)-based processes, this study developed a combined solid-phase denitrification (SPD) and anammox process for low-strength nitrogen removal without the addition of nitrite. The SPD step was performed in a packed-bed reactor containing poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hyroxyvelate (PHBV) prior to employing the anammox granular sludge reactor in the continuous-flow mode. The removal efficiency of total inorganic nitrogen reached 95.7 ± 1.2% under a nitrogen loading rate of 0.18 ± 0.01 kg N·m3·d-1, and it required 1.02 mol of nitrate to remove 1 mol of ammonium nitrogen. The PHBV particles not only served as biofilm carriers for the symbiosis of hydrolytic bacteria (HB) and denitrifying bacteria (DB), but also carbon sources that facilitated the coupling of partial denitrification and anammox in the granules. Metagenomic sequencing analysis indicated that Burkholderiales was the most abundant HB genus in SPD. The metabolic correlations between DB (Betaproteobacteria, Rhodocyclaceae, and Anaerolineae) and anammox bacteria (Candidatus Brocadiac and Kuenenia) in the granules were confirmed through microbial co-occurrence networks analysis and functional gene annotations. Additionally, the genes encoding nitrate reductase (Nap) and nitrite reductase (Nir) in DB primarily facilitated nitrate reduction, thereby supplying nitric oxide to anammox bacteria for subsequent nitrogen removal with hydrazine synthase (Hzs) and hydrazine dehydrogenase (Hdh). The findings provide insights into microbial metabolism within combined SPD and anammox processes, thus advancing the development of mainstream anammox-based processes in engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyue Qian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China; School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaru Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingli He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zangyuan Dong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Maolin Chen
- Suzhou N&P Environmental Technology, Co., LTD, No. 6 Taishan Road, Suzhou, 215129, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenru Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China
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Tao Y, Li L, Ning J, Xu W. Culturing partial-denitrification (PD) granules in continuous flow reactor with waste sludge as inoculum: performance, granular sludge characteristics and microbial community. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:3751-3764. [PMID: 37345969 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2228993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Partial denitrification granular sludge (PDGS) can provide long-term stable nitrite for anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox). The cultivation of ordinary activated sludge from wastewater treatment plants into PDGS can further promote the application of PD in practical engineering. In this study, the feasibility of fast start-up of PDGS was explored by inoculating waste sludge in up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor with synergistic control of nitrogen load rate (NLR, 0.05-0.65 kg N/m3/d) and electron donor starvation (EDS) (240-168 mg L-1), and system performance, particle characteristics and microbial structure were studied. The results showed that PD-UASB started successfully within 48 days, the average nitrite accumulation rate (NTR) and nitrate removal ratio (NRR) reached 79.6% and 82.5% after successful initiation, accompanied by high abundance of PD bacteria (Thauera, Pseudomonas, unclassflied commamonadaceae and Limnobacter) (25.3%). The increase of PD activity, and the difference between nitrate reductase (NAR) and nitrite reductase (NIR) contributed to nitrite production. Besides, the sludge shifted from flocculated (≤0.5 mm, 95.37%) to granulated state (0.5-2 mm, 64.74%), which could be due to the increase of extracellular polymers (EPS) (especially T-EPS) and metabolism of specific microorganisms (Bacteroidota and Chloroflexi, 19.92%). Good sludge granulation promoted the settleability of PD (the SVI5 was 47.248 mL/ g. ss after successful start-up). In summary, good PD sludge granulation process could be achieved in a short time by synergistically controlling NLR and EDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqi Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Linjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Xiong L, Li X, Li J, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Wu Y, Peng Y. Efficient nitrogen removal from real municipal wastewater and mature landfill leachate using partial nitrification-simultaneous anammox and partial denitrification process. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 251:121088. [PMID: 38198976 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.121088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) of municipal wastewater is a research focus, especially the combined treatment with mature landfill leachate is a current research hotspot. In this study, municipal wastewater was treated by partial nitrification via sequencing batch reactor (SBR), and its effluent and mature landfill leachate were then mixed into an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) for simultaneous anammox and partial denitrification reaction. Through partial nitrification, a high nitrite accumulation rate (93.0 ± 3.8 %) was achieved by low dissolved oxygen (0.5-1.6 mg/L) and controlled aerobic time (3.5 h) in SBR. The UASB system was responsible for 78.8 ± 2.1 % nitrogen removal of the entire system with a hydraulic reaction time (HRT) of 3.8 h, accompanied by the anammox contribution up to 89.4 ± 6.0 %. The overall partial nitrification-simultaneous anammox and partial denitrification (PN-SAPD) system was controlled at a total COD/TIN of 2.8 ± 0.3 and a total HRT of only 10.2 h, achieving the nitrogen removal efficiency and effluent TIN were 95.2 ± 2.2 % and 3.4 ± 1.5 mg/L, respectively. The qPCR results showed functional genes (hzsA(B), hdh) associated with anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB), whose high gene copy abundance and transcription expression ensured the removal of major nitrogen from municipal wastewater and mature landfill leachate. 16S amplicon sequencing showed that the Ca. Brocadia (9.72-12.6 %) was further enrichment after sodium acetate was added, and the transcription expression of Thauera (0.5-7.0 %) caused nitrate to nitrite. The high abundance of related enzymes (hao, hzs, hdh, narGHI) involved in anammox and partial denitrification processes were found in the macrogenomic sequencing, and only Ca. Brocadia was involved in multi-pathway nitrogen metabolism in AnAOB. Based on the efficient nitrogen removal by AnAOB and denitrifying bacteria, this modified PN-SAPD process provides a new option for the co-treatment of mature landfill leachate in municipal wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Xiong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xiyao Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Jianwei Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - You Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
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6
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Ma Y, Wang B, Li X, Wang S, Wang W, Peng Y. Enrichment of anammox biomass during mainstream wastewater treatment driven by achievement of partial denitrification through the addition of bio-carriers. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 137:181-194. [PMID: 37980007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Anammox is widely considered as the most cost-effective and sustainable process for nitrogen removal. However, how to achieve the enrichment of anammox biomass remains a challenge for its large-scale application, especially in mainstream wastewater treatment. In this study, the feasibility of enrichment of anammox biomass was explored through the realization of partial denitrification and the addition of bio-carriers. By using ordinary activated sludge, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) followed by an up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) was operated at 25 ± 2°C for 214 days. The long-term operation was divided into five phases, in which SBR and UASB were started-up in Phases I and II, respectively. By eliminating oxygen and adjusting the inflow ratios in Phases III-V, advanced nitrogen removal was achieved with the effluent total nitrogen being 4.7 mg/L and the nitrogen removal efficiency being 90.5% in Phase V. Both in-situ and ex-situ activity tests demonstrated the occurrence of partial denitrification and anammox. Moreover, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that Candidatus Brocadia was enriched from below the detection limit to in biofilms (0.4% in SBR, 2.2% in UASB) and the floc sludge (0.2% in SBR, 1.3% in UASB), while Thauera was mainly detected in the floc sludge (8.1% in SBR, 8.8% in UASB), which might play a key role in partial denitrification. Overall, this study provides a novel strategy to enrich anammox biomass driven by rapid achievement of partial denitrification through the addition of bio-carriers, which will improve large-scale application of anammox processes in mainstream wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Bo Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Xiaodi Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Wen Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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7
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Su Q, Li X, Fan X, Cao S. Reactivation performance and sludge transformation after long-term storage of Partial denitrification/Anammox (PD/A) process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169505. [PMID: 38128655 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the startup of innovative Partial denitrification/Anammox (PD/A) process using long-term stored sludge (>2 years at 4 °C). Results indicate a swift recovery performance, characterized by a progressive increase in the activity of functional microorganisms with improved nitrogen volumetric loading rate during operation. Stable nitrogen removal efficiency of 99.6 % was attained at 14.2 °C under influent nitrate and ammonium of 120 and 100 mg/L, respectively. A distinctive transformation was observed as the initially black seeding sludge transitioned to brownish-red, accompanied by rapid sludge granulation with size notably increased from 263.1 μm (day 4) to 1255.0 μm (day 128), significantly contributing to the rapid PD/A performance recovery. Microbial community analysis revealed substantial increases in functional bacteria, Thauera (0.09 %-10.4 %) and Candidatus Brocadia (0.003 %-1.98 %), coinciding with enhanced nitrogen removal performance. Overall, this study underscores the viability of long-term stored PD/A sludge as a seed for rapid reactor startup, offering useful technical support to advance practical PD/A process implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingliang Su
- College of Architecture and Civil engineering, Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering (FACTE), Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xing Li
- College of Architecture and Civil engineering, Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering (FACTE), Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Fan
- College of Architecture and Civil engineering, Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering (FACTE), Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Shenbin Cao
- College of Architecture and Civil engineering, Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering (FACTE), Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China; Chongqing Research Institute of Beijing University of Technology, Chongqing 401121, China.
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8
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Yuan M, Shan Q, Fu M, Deng M, Wang J, Deng F. Larger hydroxyapatite aggregation from Ca 2+ adhesion in ANAMMOX granular sludge caused by high dissolved oxygen. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141158. [PMID: 38199496 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX), a sustainable biological process, is promising to remove NH4+-N from municipal sewage. In this study, results showed that the anammox granular sludge morphology changes with the alternation of dissolved oxygen (DO), mainly attributing to the adhesion of calcium ions (Ca2+) to the surface of sludge particles. Diverse characterization methods revealed that gray adhesions in the form of hydroxyapatite covered the original holes on the anammox granular sludge surface, including scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), digital camera images, Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Ex-situ degradation of NH4+-N and NO2--N yielded diverse outcomes. The protein to polysaccharide ratio (PN/PS) in the total extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) across 4 size groups demonstrated a decrease under O2 exposure. Microbial community analysis indicated norank_f_A4b and Nitrolancea being the most abundant genus under O2 exposure at day 1 and day 100, respectively. These findings offer an effective strategy to prevent size-larger granular sludge from deteriorating through changing DO and Ca2+ in municipal wastewater in ANAMMOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu Yuan
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Qiu Shan
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Mengqi Fu
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Mengxuan Deng
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jue Wang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Fengxia Deng
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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Ma X, Feng ZT, Zhou JM, Sun YJ, Zhang QQ. Regulation mechanism of hydrazine and hydroxylamine in nitrogen removal processes: A Comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 347:140670. [PMID: 37951396 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
As the new fashioned nitrogen removal process, short-cut nitrification and denitrification (SHARON) process, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process, completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process, partial nitrification and anammox (PN/A) process and partial denitrification and anammox (PD/A) process entered into the public eye due to its advantages of high nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) and low energy consumption. However, the above process also be limited by long-term start-up time, unstable operation, complicated process regulation and so on. As intermediates or by-metabolites of functional microorganisms in above processes, hydroxylamine (NH2OH) and hydrazine (N2H4) improved NRE of the above processes by promoting functional enzyme activity, accelerating electron transport efficiency and regulating distribution of microbial communities. Therefore, this review discussed effects of NH2OH and N2H4 on stability and NRE of above processes, analyzed regulatory mechanism from functional enzyme activity, electron transport efficiency and microbial community distribution. Finally, the challenges and limitations for nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N2O) produced from regulation of NH2OH and N2H4 are discussed. In additional, perspectives on future trends in technology development are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ma
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Ze-Tong Feng
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Jia-Min Zhou
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Ying-Jun Sun
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
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Jiang CK, Deng YF, Xu Z, Siriweera B, Wu D, Chen GH. Sulphate reduction, mixed sulphide- and thiosulphate-driven Autotrophic denitrification, NItrification, and Anammox (SANIA) integrated process for sustainable wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 247:120824. [PMID: 37956523 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes the Sulphate reduction, mixed sulphide- and thiosulphate-driven Autotrophic denitrification, Nitrification, and Anammox integrated (SANIA) process for sustainable treatment of mainstream wastewater after organics capture. Three moving-bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) were applied for developing sulphate reduction (SR), mixed sulphide- and thiosulphate-driven partial denitrification and Anammox (MSPDA), and NItrification (N), respectively. Typical mainstream wastewater after organics capture (e.g., chemically enhanced primary treatment, CEPT) was synthesized with chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 110 mg/L, sulphate of 50 mg S/L, ammonium of 30 mgN/L. The feasibility of SANIA was investigated with mimic nitrifying effluent supplied in MSPDA-MBBR (Period I), followed by the examination of the applicability of SANIA process with N-MBBR integrated (Period II), under moderate temperatures (25-27 ℃). In Period I, SANIA process was established with both SR- and MSPDA-MBBR continuously operated for over 300 days (no Anammox biomass inoculation). Specifically, in MSPDA-MBBR, high rates of denitratation (2.7 gN/(m2·d)) and Anammox (2.8 gN/(m2·d)) were achieved with Anammox contributing to 81 % of the total inorganic nitrogen removal. In Period II, the integrated SANIA system was continuously operated for over 130 days, achieving up to 90 % of COD, 93 % of ammonium, and 61 % of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal, with effluent concentrations lower than 10 mg COD/L, 3 mg NH4+-N/L, and 13 mg TIN-N/L. The implementation of SANIA can ultimately reduce 75 % and 40 % of organics and aeration energy for biological nitrogen removal. Considering the combination of SANIA with CEPT for carbon capture and sludge digestion/incineration for energy recovery, the new integrated wastewater technology can be a promising strategy for sustainable wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Kuan Jiang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Centre, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang-Fan Deng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Centre, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zou Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Centre, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Buddhima Siriweera
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Centre, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Centre, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Centre for Environment and Energy Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea; Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, and Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Centre, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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11
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Ahmad HA, Ahmad S, Gao L, Ismail S, Wang Z, El-Baz A, Ni SQ. Multi-omics analysis revealed the selective enrichment of partial denitrifying bacteria for the stable coupling of partial-denitrification and anammox process under the influence of low strength magnetic field. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 245:120619. [PMID: 37716295 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
The microbial consortium involving anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) and partial denitrification (PD), known as PD-anammox, is an emerging energy-efficient and lower carbon nitrogen removal process from wastewater. However, maintaining a stable PD process by locking nitrate reduction until nitrite was challenging. This study established the first stable connection of anammox with constant nitrite generation by PD bacteria under a low-strength (1.3 mT) magnetic field (MF). When the nitrogen loading rate was 1.81 kg-N/m3/d, the nitrogen removal efficiency of the control reactor (R1) was 75%, lower than that of the experimental reactor (R2), which was 85%. The expression of Thauera and Zoogloea, potential PD bacteria was substantially lower in R1 (5.75% and 1.21%, respectively) than in R2 (10.25 and 6.61%, respectively), according to a meta-transcriptomic analysis. At the same time, the mRNA expression of anammox genera Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Kuenenia was 33.53% and 3.83% in R1 and 22.86% and 1.87% in R2. Moreover, carbon and nitrogen metabolism pathways were more abundant under the influence of low-strength MF. The selective enrichment of PD bacteria can be attributed to the increased expression of carbon metabolic pathways like the citrate cycle, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and pyruvate metabolism. Interestingly, the control reactor was dominated by a hydroxylamine-dependent anammox process while a low-strength MF-enhanced nitric-oxide-dependent anammox process. For successful anammox-centered nitrogen removal from wastewater, this study demonstrated that low-strength MF is a convenient and applicable technique to lock the nitrate reduction until nitrite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Adeel Ahmad
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Linjie Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Sherif Ismail
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Amro El-Baz
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Shou-Qing Ni
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
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12
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Cheng H, Qin H, Liang L, Li YY, Liu J. Towards advanced simultaneous nitrogen removal and phosphorus recovery from digestion effluent based on anammox-hydroxyapatite (HAP) process: Focusing on a solution perspective. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 381:129117. [PMID: 37141995 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the state-of-the-art information on the anammox-HAP process is summarized. The mechanism of this process is systematically expounded, the enhancement of anammox retention by HAP precipitation and the upgrade of phosphorus recovery by anammox process are clarified. However, this process still faces several challenges, especially how to deal with the ∼ 11% nitrogen residues and to purify the recovered HAP. For the first time, an anaerobic fermentation (AF) combined with partial denitrification (PD) and anammox-HAP (AF-PD-Anammox-HAP) process is proposed to overcome the challenges. By AF of the organic impurities of the anammox-HAP granular sludge, organic acid is produced to be used as carbon source for PD to remove the nitrogen residues. Simultaneously, pH of the solution drops, which promotes the dissolution of some inorganic purities such as CaCO3. In this way, not only the inorganic impurities are removed, but the inorganic carbon is supplied for anammox bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cheng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Haojie Qin
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Lei Liang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jianyong Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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13
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Cui H, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Li X, Peng Y, Wang C. Enhancing nitrogen removal of carbon-limited municipal wastewater in step-feed biofilm batch reactor through integration of anammox. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 381:129091. [PMID: 37105262 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The biological nitrogen removal of municipal wastewater was successfully improved by integrating anammox in a step-feed sequencing biofilm batch reactor. Despite fluctuating influent carbon to nitrogen ratio (1.9-5.1) and decreasing temperature (24.1-16.3 ℃), nitrogen removal efficiency of 95.9 ± 1.4 % and nitrogen removal rate of 0.23 ± 0.02 kg N/(m3·d) were successfully maintained without requirement of external carbon sources. The advanced removal performance was mainly attributed to the enhanced anammox. Anammox bacteria presented a high relative abundance (42.9% in biofilms, 1.5% in flocs) and anammox activity was as high as 5.42 ± 0.12 mg N/(g volatile suspended solids·h). Further analysis suggested that flexible control of influent organic and ammonium through step-feeding could provide multiple substrate supply for anammox reaction, potentially resulting in stable combination of anammox with hybrid-nitrite-shunt processes. Overall, this study provides a promising anammox-related application with simple-control step-feed strategy for enhanced and stable nitrogen removal from carbon-limited municipal wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Cui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xiyao Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Guangdong Shouhui Lantian Engineering and Technology Co., Ltd., Units 01 and 04, 5/F, Xingguang Yingjing Commercial Center, 117 Shuiyin Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, PR China
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14
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Deng J, Xiao X, Li YY, Liu J. Low-carbon nitrogen removal from power plants circulating cooling water and municipal wastewater by partial denitrification-anammox. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 380:129071. [PMID: 37088426 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
As a reclaimed water reuse strategy, using treated municipal wastewater as power plants circulating cooling water (PPCCW) generates nitrate-rich wastewater due to evaporation requiring retreatment. An innovative low-carbon nitrogen removal process, partial denitrification-anammox (PD-A), was used in this study. The PPCCW and municipal wastewater pre-treated with 10 mg/L Fe3+ were simultaneously subjected to the PD-A process. The results showed that the total nitrogen of effluent less than 10 mg/L, and a removal efficiency of 79.67 ± 3.48% was attained. Unclassified_f_Brocadiaceae was the dominant anammox genus, with an increasing percentage (from 0.42 to 1.27%), laterally indicating the reactor stability. Furthermore, the hydrolytic acidifying bacteria SBR1031 and Bacillus increased substantially after feeding with actual wastewater, and the removal efficiencies of organic material and nitrogen increased, indicating that hydrolytic acidifying bacteria have a synergistic effect with PD-A bacteria. Finally, a novel wastewater treatment process that fully recovers carbon, phosphorus, and water was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Deng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiangmin Xiao
- Cangzhou Water Supply and Drainage Group Company Limited, 15 West Jiuhe Road, Cangzhou, Hebei Province 061001, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jianyong Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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15
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Zhang Y, Ji S, Xie P, Liang Y, Chen H, Chen L, Wei C, Yang Z, Qiu G. Simultaneous partial nitrification, Anammox and nitrate-dependent Fe(II) oxidation (NDFO) for total nitrogen removal under limited dissolved oxygen and completely autotrophic conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 880:163300. [PMID: 37031928 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable nitrogen removal from wastewater at reduced energy and/or chemical consumptions is challenging. This paper investigated, for the first time, the feasibility of coupled partial nitrification, Anammox and nitrate-dependent Fe(II) oxidation (NDFO) for sustainable autotrophic nitrogen removal. With NH4+-N as the only nitrogen-containing compound in the influent, near-complete nitrogen removal (a total of 97.5 % with a maximal total nitrogen removal rate of 6.64 ± 2.68 mgN/L/d) was achieved in a sequencing batch reactor for a 203-d operation without organic carbon source addition and forced aeration. Anammox (predominated by Candidatus Brocadia) and NDFO bacteria (such as Denitratisoma) were successfully enriched, with total relative abundances up to 11.54 % and 10.19 %, respectively. Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration was a key factor affecting the coupling of multi (ammonia oxidization, Anammox, NDFO, iron-reduction, etc.) bacterial communities, resulting in different total nitrogen removal efficiencies and rates. In batch tests, the optimal DO concentration was 0.50-0.68 mg/L with a maximal total nitrogen removal efficiency of 98.7 %. Fe(II) in the sludge not only competed with nitrite oxidizing bacteria for DO to prevent complete nitrification, but promoted the transcription of NarG and NirK genes (10.5 and 3.5 times higher than the group without Fe(II) addition) as indicated by the reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), resulting in increased NDFO rate (by 2.7 times) and promoted NO2--N generated from NO3--N, which back fed the Anammox process, achieving near-complete nitrogen removal. The reduction of Fe(III) by iron-reducing bacteria (IRB) and hydrolytic and fermentative anaerobes enabled a sustainable Fe(II)/Fe(III) recycling, avoiding the need in continuous Fe(II) or Fe (III) dosage. The coupled system is expected to benefit the development of novel autotrophic nitrogen removal processes with neglectable energy and material consumptions for the treatment of wastewater with low organic carbon and NH4+-N contents in underdeveloped regions, such as decentralized rural wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushen Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sijia Ji
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Peiran Xie
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yitong Liang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hang Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liping Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chaohai Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration in Industrial Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongpu Yang
- Department of Ecology and Environment of Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Guanglei Qiu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration in Industrial Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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16
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A D, Deng YY, Guo QM, Jiang Y, Chen CX. A three-year study on the treatment of domestic-industrial mixed wastewater using a full-scale hybrid constructed wetland. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:31256-31267. [PMID: 36445519 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23936-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Three full-scale constructed wetlands (CWs), namely vertical flow (VFCW), surface flow (SFCW), and horizontal flow (HFCW) systems, were combined in a series process to form a hybrid CW, which was used for the treatment performance of domestic-industrial mixed wastewater and investigated over a three-year period. The hybrid CW demonstrated that it is effective and stable during the long-term treatment of high-loading mixed wastewater under different operation years, season changes, and technology processes, with the average removal efficiencies of suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and total phosphorous being 84, 40, 54, 54, 70, 40, and 46%, respectively. The effluent quality of the hybrid CW reached the highest discharge standard for wastewater treatment plants. First, a variety of pollutants from the mixed wastewater were effectively removed in the subsurface processes (VFCW and HFCW) via substrate adsorption and degradation of the attached biofilm. The higher dissolved oxygen content and oxygen transfer capacity values in the VFCW were favourable for the occurrence of aerobic pathways (such as nitrification and inorganic phosphorus oxidation). In addition, with the large consumption of oxygen in the previous process, the oxygen-enriching capacity of the SFCW processes, provided aerobic potential for the next stage. In particular, the plant debris in the SFCW temporarily increased the organics and suspended solids, further increasing the C/N ratio, which was beneficial for denitrification as the main nitrogen removal pathway in the HFCW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan A
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Integrated Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Yang-Yang Deng
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Integrated Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Qin-Mei Guo
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Integrated Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Integrated Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Chun-Xing Chen
- Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen, 518001, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Management and Technology, Shenzhen, 518001, China.
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17
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Kadam R, Khanthong K, Park B, Jun H, Park J. Realizable wastewater treatment process for carbon neutrality and energy sustainability: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 328:116927. [PMID: 36473349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite a quick shift of global goals toward carbon-neutral infrastructure, activated sludge based conventional systems inhibit the Green New Deal. Here, a municipal wastewater treatment plant (MWWTP) for carbon neutrality and energy sustainability is suggested and discussed based on realizable technical aspects. Organics have been recovered using variously enhanced primary treatment techniques, thereby reducing oxygen demand for the oxidation of organics and maximizing biogas production in biological processes. Meanwhile, ammonium in organic-separated wastewater is bio-electrochemically oxidized to N2 and reduced to H2 under completely anaerobic conditions, resulting in the minimization of energy requirements and waste sludge production, which are the main problems in activated sludge based conventional processes. The anaerobic digestion process converts concentrated primary sludge to biomethane, and H2 gas recovered from nitrogen upgrades the biomethane quality by reducing carbon dioxide in biogas. Based on these results, MWWTPs can be simplified and improved with high process and energy efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kadam
- Department of Advanced Energy Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Kamonwan Khanthong
- Department of Advanced Energy Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongchang Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hangbae Jun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungyu Park
- Department of Advanced Energy Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Zhang T, Cao J, Liu W, Liu G, Huang C, Luo J. Insights into integrated glycerol-driven partial denitrification-anaerobic ammonium oxidation system using bioinformatic analysis: The dominance of Bacillus spp. and the potential of nitrite producing via assimilatory nitrate reduction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:160048. [PMID: 36356726 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Partial denitrification-anaerobic ammonium oxidation (PD/A) was considered a novel technology for biological nitrogen removal. In this study, a glycerol-driven PD/A granular sludge reactor was constructed, and its nitrogen removal efficiency and microbial mechanisms were investigated systematically. After optimization, the PD/A reactor achieved 92.3 % of the nitrogen removal (~90 % by anammox) with the influent COD/NO3--N ratio of 2.6, and approximate 1.36 mol NO3--N was required for removing 1 mol NH4+-N. Granular sludge with layered structure (anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) was wrapped by the heterotrophic bacteria) was successfully developed, which resulted in the sludge floating. Bacillus was firstly found to be the dominant genus in PD/A system with an abundance of 46.1 %, whereas the AnAOB only accounted for 0.2-2.8 %. Metatranscriptomic analysis showed that the metabolic characteristics obviously changed during the operation, and the differential expressing genes mainly belonged to ABC transport and quorum sensing pathway. Further analysis about the expressing patterns of nitrogen metabolism related genes indicated that the anammox related genes (mainly from Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Jettenia) exhibited a much higher expressing level than other genes. Interestingly, the assimilatory nitrate reduction process in Bacillus showed great NO2--N producing potential, so it was considered to be an essential pathway participating in PD/A process. This study provided a comprehensive insight into the glycerol-driven PD/A system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing 210036, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jiashun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Weijing Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Guangbing Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Chunkai Huang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Jingyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
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19
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Peng Z, Zhang Q, Li X, Wang S, Peng Y. Exploring and comparing the impacts of low temperature to endogenous and exogenous partial denitrification: The nitrite supply, transcription mechanism, and microbial dynamics. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 370:128568. [PMID: 36592868 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitrite supply was pretty significant to exogenous or endogenous partial denitrification (ExPD or EdPD) for their combination with anammox in removing nitrogen. This study investigated how temperature impacted the nitrite supply of ExPD and EdPD, through long-term experiments in two 10 L sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) and 12 batch temperature tests, with sodium acetate as organic. It was demonstrated that low temperature (5-15 °C) favored higher nitrite transformation rate (NTR) for two systems (1.1-1.3 and 1.1-1.2 times higher separately), and ExPD owned higher nitrite-supply ability than EdPD (32.8 % higher NTR). Moreover, quantitative reverse transcription PCR and 16srDNA sequencing were conducted, exploring the inherent mechanism and microbial dynamics. Results presented that more inhibition to transcription and translation of nirSK genes than narG in low temperature induced higher NTR. Besides, compared with ExPD, less microbial dynamics and granule size reduction occurred to EdPD, which was more capable of adapting to low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xiyao Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Shuying Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
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20
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Pang S, Zhou Y, Yang L, Zhou J, Li X, Xia S. Simultaneous removal of nitrate and ammonium by hydrogen-based partial denitrification coupled with anammox in a membrane biofilm reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128443. [PMID: 36470489 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactors (MBfRs) are effective for nitrogen removal. However, the safety of hydrogen limited the application of MBfR. Here, a hydrogen-based partial denitrification system coupled with anammox (H2-PDA) was constructed in an MBfR for reducing hydrogen demand significantly. The metabolomics and structures of microbial communities were analyzed to determine the phenotypic differences and drivers underlying denitrification, anammox, and H2-PDA. These findings indicated that total nitrogen (TN) removal increased from 57.1% in S1 to 93.7% in S2. During the H2-PDA process, partial denitrification and anammox contributed to TN removal by 93.7% and 6.3%, respectively. Community analysis indicated that the H2-PDA system was dominated by the genus Meiothermus, which is involved in partial denitrification. Collectively, these findings confirmed the feasibility of incorporating the H2-PDA process in a MBfR and form a foundation for the establishment of novel and practical methods for efficient nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jingzhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaodi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Siqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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21
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Zhang C, Guo L, Qin J, Chen Z, Deng Z, Wang X. Combined partial denitrification-anammox with urea hydrolysis (U-PD-Anammox) process: A novel economical low-carbon method for nitrate-containing wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116653. [PMID: 36410300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
For the sake of exploring a new economical and low-carbon alternative for real nitrate-containing wastewater treatment, a new combined partial denitrification-anammox with urea hydrolysis (U-PD-Anammox) process was developed. The nitrogen removal performance of this process was investigated through long-term operation in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and two submerged anaerobic biological filters (SABF). Results showed that the average NO3--N to NO2-N transformation ratio improved to 82.6% with organic carbon source to NO3-N ratio of 1.8, and urea hydrolysis provided sufficient NH4+-N and inorganic carbon to anammox process for nitrogen removal. The influent NH4+-N/NO2--N ratio for subsequent anammox reactor could be adjacent to the optimal ratio of 1.32 during the whole operation. The combined process showed efficient nitrogen removal performance with 85% NO3--N removal, 93.8% total nitrogen removal and total nitrogen loading rate as 1.1 ± 0.5 kg N/(m3·d). High-throughput sequencing analysis results revealed that Genera Thauera, Hyphomicrobium and Candidatus Brocadia were the dominant species responsible for partial denitrification, urea hydrolysis and anammox, respectively. The proposed process was more economically and environmental-friendly than the traditional denitrification process with 51.7% operational cost reduction, 99.7% N2O and 60% CO2 emission decrement, facilitating the sustainable development of the nitrate-containing wastewater treatment industry in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuchu Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Lu Guo
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jiafu Qin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zhenguo Chen
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zexi Deng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China; Hua An Biotech Co., Ltd., Foshan 528300, China.
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22
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Xin X, Cao X, Wang Z. Integrated effects of operational temperature, HRT, and influent ammonium concentration on a CANON coupling with denitrification process treating for digested piggery wastewater: performance and microbial community. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1-13. [PMID: 36525130 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an improved system called the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process was presented and coupled with denitrification for the treatment of digested piggery wastewater (DPW). The effects of operating parameters, including hydraulic retention time (HRT) (1.6 d → 1.0 d), influent NH4+-N concentration (350 mg L-1 → 600 mg L-1), and temperature (41 ℃ → 17 ℃), on the nitrogen removal performance and response characteristics of microbial population were investigated. Results showed that all considered parameters caused a remarkable effect on NH4+-N and total nitrogen removal efficiencies, and the chemical oxygen demand was more markedly affected by temperature. Candidatus_Kuenenia, Candidatus_Brocadia, Denitratisoma, norank_o_Xanthmonadales, norank_p_WWE3, and SM1A02 were the dominant genera influencing nitrogen removal in the improved CANON system for treating DPW. Redundancy discriminant analysis showed that the biological structure was positively correlated with the influent ammonium concentration, temperature, and HRT. The relative abundance of Candidatus_Kuenenia was perfectly correlated with HRT and temperature. However, environmental factors did not affect Candidatus_Brocadia and norank_p_WWE3. norank_c_Ardenticatenia, SM1A02, and norank_f_SJA-28 were all positively correlated with influent ammonium nitrogen concentration, but not correlated with HRT and temperature. The improved CANON process realized the nitrogen removal under high ammonium (NH4+-N) concentration and low C/N wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xin
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xishuang Cao
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziliing Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, People's Republic of China
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23
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Chen J, Hai Y, Zhang W, Zhou X. Insights into deterioration and reactivation of a mainstream anammox biofilm reactor response to C/N ratio. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 320:115780. [PMID: 35944318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In-depth knowledge of the deterioration and reactivation of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) induced by carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) is still lacking. Herein, the anammox performance was investigated in an anaerobic sequence biofilm batch reactor fed with low-strength partial nitration effluent in the range of C/N ratio from 0.5 to 3. The anammox was hardly deteriorated at C/N lower than 1.5, while became worsen if C/N was above 2.0. The specific anammox activity (SAA) experiments showed an 85% decrease of SAA at C/N of 3.0 compared with the maximum value (C/N:0). However, anammox capacity was rapidly recovered once influent C/N was adjusted back to zero. Moreover, C/N also highly affected the composition, structure and function of extracellular polymeric substance of the anammox biofilm. High-throughput sequencing revealed a close correlation between C/N change and microbial structure shift. Finally, the potential inhibition and restoration mechanism of the C/N-dependent anammox were proposed based on metagenomic analysis. This research provides some insights into the reinstatement of a mainstream anammox biofilm process after it is interrupted by high C/N influent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabo Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China; Innovation Center for Postgraduate Education in Municipal Engineering of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, 030024, China; Research Center for Low Carbon Technology of Water Environment, School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Yan Hai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China; Innovation Center for Postgraduate Education in Municipal Engineering of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China; Innovation Center for Postgraduate Education in Municipal Engineering of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China; Innovation Center for Postgraduate Education in Municipal Engineering of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
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24
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Zhang M, Tan Y, Fan Y, Gao J, Liu Y, Lv X, Ge L, Wu J. Nitrite accumulation, denitrification kinetic and microbial evolution in the partial denitrification process: The combined effects of carbon source and nitrate concentration. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 361:127604. [PMID: 35835421 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The combined effects of carbon source (HAc, HPr, Glu, Glu + HAc) and nitrate concentration (40, 80 mg/L labeling as R40, R80) on partial denitrification (PD) were discussed at C/N ratio of 2.5 (COD = 100, 200 mg/L). The optimal NO2--N and NTR reached to 67.03 mg/L, 99.14% in HAc-R80 system, and denitrification kinetics revealed the same conclusion, corresponding to higher COD utilization rate (CUR: 58.46 mgCOD/(gVSS·h)), nitrate reduction rate (NaRR: 29.94 mgN/(gVSS·h)) and nitrite accumulation rate (NiAR: 29.68 mgN/(gVSS·h)). The preference order was HAc > HPr > Glu + HAc > Glu in both R40 and R80 systems due to different metabolic pathways, however, the NO2--N accumulation and kinetic parameters of R80 group were dramatically higher than those in R40 for the same carbon source. The R80 group facilitated more concentrated biodiversity (607-808 OTUs) with Terrimonas and norank_f_Saprospiraceae responsible for high NO2--N accumulation in HAc and HPr served systems, while norank_f_norank_o_Saccharimonadales and OLB13 dominated the Glu containing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Yufei Tan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Yajun Fan
- Yangzhou Polytechnic Institute, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Jing Gao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Yizhong Liu
- Yangzhou Jieyuan Drainage Company Limited, Yangzhou 225002, PR China
| | - Xiaofan Lv
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China.
| | - Liying Ge
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
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25
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Yu L, Zhang C, Zhang M, Yu L, Huang P, Pang J, Wu J. Successful startup of the single-stage PN-A (partial nitrification-anammox) process by controlling the oxygen supply. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:36763-36772. [PMID: 35064878 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18645-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The single PN-A (partial nitrification-anammox) reactor offers a cost-effective solution for nitrogen removal. However, optimal control of the PN-A reactor is challenging due to the interactive mechanisms among the oxygen supply, bulk liquid DO (dissolved oxygen) concentration, and the balance of various functional bacterial species. In this study, a mathematical model was used to derive the optimal control variable for the maximum nitrogen removal, and an experimental PN-A reactor was operated to verify the model simulation results. The model simulation results indicate that the oxygen supply to the ammonium load ratio is the key factor to control the single-stage PN-A reactor for optimal TN removal. For optimal TN removal, the oxygen supply to the ammonium load ratio should be 1.9 mg O2/mg N. The DO concentration is not the key control parameter to get the maximum TN removal as the optimal TN removal could be achieved under a wide range of DO concentration. The model simulation results were verified in the experimental PN-A reactor under oxygen transfer rate ([Formula: see text]) at 52 day-1, HRT at 24 h, and ammonium load ratio of 0.55 kg N/(m3∙day).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianze Yu
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Yangzhou University, 196 West Huayang Road, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Yangzhou University, 196 West Huayang Road, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Yangzhou University, 196 West Huayang Road, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lintang Yu
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Yangzhou University, 196 West Huayang Road, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Penglan Huang
- Yangzhou Municipal Pipe Network Co., Ltd, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Pang
- Yangzhou Municipal Pipe Network Co., Ltd, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Yangzhou University, 196 West Huayang Road, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China.
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26
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Fofana R, Parsons M, Long C, Chandran K, Jones K, Klaus S, Trovato B, Wilson C, De Clippeleir H, Bott C. Full-scale transition from denitrification to partial denitrification-anammox (PdNA) in deep-bed filters: Operational strategies for and benefits of PdNA implementation. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10727. [PMID: 35616350 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study shows for the first time more than 2 years of operation of a mainstream anammox application at full-scale under temperate climate. This implementation of partial denitrification-anammox (PdNA) in deep bed filters at the HRSD York River treatment plant was demonstrated to achieve the benefits of shortcut nitrogen removal without nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) out-selection. The transition from denitrification to PdNA filters required bleeding ammonium to the filters using an optimized ammonium versus NOx (AvN) control in the upstream aeration tanks and maintaining a nitrate residual in the filter effluent through feedforward/feedback control. The latter actions led to savings of 85% in methanol, 100% in alkalinity, and 35% in capacity enhancement. Up to 6 mg NH4 + -N/L with an average of 2.2 ± 0.98 mg NH4 + -N/L was removed through the anammox pathway, which accounted for about 15% of the overall plant nitrogen removal. Anammox enrichment was confirmed by activity testing and molecular analysis. The large excess of AnAOB capacity present in the filters (5-10 times more than normal operation) resulted in stable and reliable operation through winter conditions and showed potential for further intensification. PRACTITIONER POINTS: For the first time, long-term mainstream anammox was established full-scale through PdNA implementation in deep-bed filters. PdNA implementation required upstream aeration control optimization to provide a blend of ammonium and nitrate to the filters. Efficient anammox enrichment and retention resulted in reliable PdNA performance under different seasonal and influent conditions. PdNA implementation resulted in significant methanol and alkalinity savings and upstream capacity enhancement as ammonia removal depended less on aerobic nitrification. In the event of NOB out-selection and presence of nitrite, carbon savings in PdNA polishing filters can be enhanced via partial nitritation-anammox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahil Fofana
- DC Water and Sewer Authority, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Michael Parsons
- Hampton Roads Sanitation District, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA
| | | | | | - Kimberly Jones
- Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Stephanie Klaus
- Hampton Roads Sanitation District, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA
| | - Bob Trovato
- Hampton Roads Sanitation District, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA
| | - Chris Wilson
- Hampton Roads Sanitation District, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Charles Bott
- Hampton Roads Sanitation District, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA
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27
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Xie T, Zeng Z, Li L. Achieving partial denitrification using organic matter in brewery wastewater as carbon source. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 349:126849. [PMID: 35158032 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To find a cost-effective carbon source for partial denitrification (PD), brewery wastewater was utilized to test the viability of initiating PD. The Sbre (sludge from the biological treatment tank of Tsingtao Brewery Plant sewage treatment station) and Slab (sludge from laboratory) were fed with brewery wastewater at CODCr/NO3--N (C/N) ratios of 8.0-10.0 and 5.0 for 95 days at 25 ± 1 °C, respectively. The mean NO3--N to NO2--N transformation ratio (NTR) in long-term operation was 40.0% in the Sbre system and 83.2% in the Slab system. Batch tests with C/N ratio of 2.2-4.4 were conducted after 95 days incubation and the result suggested that C/N ratio of 4.3 ± 0.1 contributed more to NO2--N accumulation in both systems. Thauera bacteria, known to be beneficial for NO2--N accumulation, became the dominant community. The relative abundances of Thauera on day 95 in the Sbre and Slab system were 83.36% and 79.11%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xie
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Zhijie Zeng
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Lingling Li
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.
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28
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Cui X, Zhang M, Ding Y, Sun S, He S, Yan P. Enhanced nitrogen removal via iron‑carbon micro-electrolysis in surface flow constructed wetlands: Selecting activated carbon or biochar? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 815:152800. [PMID: 34982986 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The iron-assisted autotrophic denitrification was plagued by passivation when introduced in surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs). Iron‑carbon micro-electrolysis (Fe/C-M/E) could facilitate the transfer of electrons during the utilization of iron. In this study, iron scraps coupling with activated carbon and biochar were applied to explore the effects of carbon materials on autotrophic denitrification. The results showed that TN removal rate in the SFCW with iron scraps and activated carbon (SFCW-IAC) and the SFCW with iron scraps and biochar (SFCW-IBC) were improved by 31.61% ± 8.18% and 14.09% ± 7.15%, and N2O fluxes were reduced to 2.73 and 3.12 mg m-2 d-1, respectively. The greater iron mass loss rate (0.91%) was confirmed in SFCW-IAC. Microbial community analysis reported that autotrophic denitrification and iron related genera were increased. This study proved that activated carbon was more suitable than biochar to Fe/C-M/E for denitrification enhancement and N2O emission reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijun Cui
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Manping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - YiJing Ding
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Pan Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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29
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Guo Y, Qian Y, Shen J, Qin Y, Li YY. The startup of the partial nitritation/anammox-hydroxyapatite process based on reconciling biomass and mineral to form the novel granule sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 347:126692. [PMID: 35017089 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The synchronous nitrogen elimination and phosphorus (P) recovery can be realized by the novel one-stage partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A)-hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystallization (PN/A-HAP) process, which seems promising in actual application. This research firstly conducted the startup of the PN/A-HAP process based on reconciling biomass and mineral to cultivate the novel sludge with the strategy of alternating enhancement of biomass accumulation and mineral formation. Within three months, the nitrogen removal rate of 1.1 kg/m3/d and the P removal efficiency of 54.2% were achieved. The biomass reached to 3.7 g/L and the average particle size of sludge granules was about 260 μm. The microbial analysis indicated that in sludge the ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) mainly belonged to the genus Nitrosomonas, and the anammox bacteria mainly the genus Kuenenia. The main mineral in sludge was identified as HAP. This startup strategy is guidable for the application of one-stage PN/A-HAP process in actual wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yunzhi Qian
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Junhao Shen
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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30
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Gao R, Peng Y, Li J, Liu Y, Deng L, Li W, Kao C. Mainstream partial denitrification-anammox (PD/A) for municipal sewage treatment from moderate to low temperature: Reactor performance and bacterial structure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150267. [PMID: 34600206 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anammox is sensitive to temperature, which can limit its practical application in wastewater treatment. In this study, a step-feed anoxic-oxic (A/O) process coupled with PD/A was operated steadily from 26.8 °C to 13.1 °C for wastewater treatment for 200 days. The effluent total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) and phosphorus concentrations were 10.2 mg/L and 0.29 mg/L at C/N ratio of 4.6 and 15.0 °C even with increasing nitrogen loading rate (NLR). The anammox activity was 5.60 mg NH4+-N/gMLSS/d even at 14 °C, moreover, anammox abundance on the biocarriers increased with decreasing temperature. It was observed that the effect of partial denitrification (PD) was enhanced under low temperature, thus the contribution of anammox for nitrogen removal was improved. The pathway of anammox for nitrogen removal accounted for 48% and the effect of effluent did not deteriorate under low temperature. This study states that PD/A has advantages under low temperature operation, which is suitable for treatment of wastewater with low C/N ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruitao Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Jianwei Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- Zhongshan Public Utilities Water Co.Ltd., Zhongshan 528400, PR China
| | - Liyan Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Wenyu Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Chengkun Kao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
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31
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Zhang X, Ma D, Lv J, Feng Q, Liang Z, Chen H, Feng J. Food waste composting based on patented compost bins: Carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions and the denitrifying community analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 323:124524. [PMID: 34974104 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Mature compost and rice bran were used as bulking agents to perform Food Waste Rapid Composting (FWRC) in a patented composting bin. The characteristics of CO2 and N2O emission and the denitrifying community were investigated. The release of CO2 and N2O concentrated in the early composting stage and reduced greatly after 28 h, and the N2O emission peak of the treatment with mature compost was 8.5 times higher than that of rice bran. The high N2O generation resulted from massive denitrifying bacteria and NOx--N in the composting material. The relative abundances of denitrifiers, correspondingly genes of narG and nirK were much higher in the treatment with mature compost, which contributed to the N2O emission. Moreover, the correlation matrices revealed that N2O fluxes correlated well with moisture, pH, temperature, and the abundances of nirK and nosZ genes during FWRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Dachao Ma
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jiahao Lv
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qingge Feng
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhengwu Liang
- Guangxi Liyuanbao Science and Technology Co., LTD, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Hongcheng Chen
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jinghang Feng
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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32
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Wang X, Yang H, Su Y, Liu X. Effects of sludge morphology on the anammox process: Analysis from the perspectives of performance, structure, and microbial community. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132390. [PMID: 34600013 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The nitrogen removal characteristics, physicochemical properties, and microbial community composition of four different anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) sludge morphologies were investigated. The morphologies considered in this study, namely suspended sludge (Rs), biofilm (Rm), granular sludge (Rg), and encapsulated biomass (Re), were prepared from floc sludge. The results show that Re exhibited the maximum anammox activity, followed by Rg, Rm, and Rs. Additionally, the anammox contribution rate was higher in Rg and Re. The higher extracellular polymer content in Rg promoted sludge accumulation, and tryptophan was observed in Rm and Rg, which was replaced by humic acids in Rs. Re showed the largest specific surface area, hydrophobicity and strength, and its good structure ensured enrichment of anammox bacteria (AnAOB). In terms of the microbial community, the functional bacterium Candidatus Kuenenia accounted for the highest proportion in Rm (39.27%), but the presence of both anaerobic and aerobic regions led to increased community complexity with more nitrifying bacteria. In contrast, Rg and Re had a more specific microbial community. In addition, denitrifying bacteria tended to grow in Rs, while nitrifying bacteria were retained in Rm. The AnAOB were more likely to be enriched in sludge aggregates (both Rm and Rg) and carriers (Re). Through correlation analysis, the potential relationship involving bacterial flora evolution of each sample was clarified. Finally, the structural models of different morphologies of sludge were proposed. This study deepens the understanding of various anammox sludge morphologies as well as provides useful information for the cultivation of AnAOB and further application of anammox.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoTong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
| | - Yang Su
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - XuYan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
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33
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Enhanced Nitrogen Removal from Domestic Wastewater by Partial-Denitrification/Anammox in an Anoxic/Oxic Biofilm Reactor. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A partial-denitrification coupling with anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process (PD/A) in a continuous-flow anoxic/oxic (A/O) biofilm reactor was developed to treat carbon-limited domestic wastewater (ammonia (NH4+-N) of 55 mg/L and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 148 mg/L in average) for about 200 days operation. Satisfactory NH4+-N oxidation efficiency above 95% was achieved with rapid biofilm formation in the aerobic zone. Notably, nitrite (NO2−-N) accumulation was observed in the anoxic zone, mainly due to the insufficient electron donor for complete nitrate (NO3−-N) reduction. The nitrate-to-nitrite transformation ratio (NTR) achieved was as high as 64.4%. After the inoculation of anammox-enriched sludge to anoxic zones, total nitrogen (TN) removal was significantly improved from 37.3% to 78.0%. Anammox bacteria were effectively retained in anoxic biofilm utilizing NO2−-N produced via the PD approach and NH4+-N in domestic wastewater, with the relative abundance of 5.83% for stable operation. Anammox pathway contributed to TN removal by a high level of 38%. Overall, this study provided a promising method for mainstream nitrogen removal with low energy consumption and organic carbon demand.
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34
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Zhang J, Peng Y, Li X, Du R. Feasibility of partial-denitrification/ anammox for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment in a hybrid biofilm reactor. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 208:117856. [PMID: 34826739 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biological nitrogen removal from pharmaceutical wastewater has drawn increasing attention due to biotoxicity and inhibition. In this study, for the first time, a novel approach integrating partial-denitrification with anaerobic ammonia oxidation (PD/A) in a sequencing biofilm batch reactor (SBBR) was proposed and demonstrated to be efficient to treat the bismuth nitrate and bismuth potassium citrate manufacturing wastewater, containing ammonia (NH4+-N) and nitrate (NO3--N) of 6300±50 mg L - 1 and 15,300±50 mg L - 1. The maximum anammox activity was found at the shock effect of influent total nitrogen (TN) of 100 mg L - 1 with NO3--N/NH4+-N of 1.0. Long-term operation demonstrated that the PD/A biofilm was developed rapidly after 30 days using synthetic influent, with TN removal efficiency increasing from 40.9% to 80.8%. Significantly, the key bacteria for PD/A had high tolerance and adapted rapidly to pharmaceutical wastewater, achieving a relatively stable TN removal efficiency of 81.2% with influent NH4+-N and NO3--N was 77.9 ± 2.6 and 104.1 ± 4.4 mg L - 1 at a relatively low COD/NO3--N of 2.6. Anammox pathway contributed to TN removal reached 83.6%. Significant increase of loosely-bound extracellular polymeric substances was obtained with increasing protein of 3-turn helices structure as response to the inhibitory condition. High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that the functional genus Thauera was highly enriched in both biofilms (9.5%→43.6%) and suspended biomass (15.5%→57.5%), which played a key role in high NO2--N accumulation. While the anammox bacteria decreasing from 7.8% to 1.6% in biofilm, and from 1.8% decreased to 0.1% in the suspended sludge. Overall, this study provides a new method of high-strength pharmaceutical wastewater treatment with low energy consumption and operation cost, as well as a satisfactory efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiangchen Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Rui Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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35
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Liu X, Li X, Peng Y, Zhang Q, Jiang H, Ji J. Synergistic partial denitrification, anammox and in-situ fermentation (SPDAF) process for treating domestic and nitrate wastewater: Response of nitrogen removal performance to decreasing temperature. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 342:125865. [PMID: 34536838 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A synergistic partial denitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox), and in-situ fermentation (SPDAF) system was established to solve problems of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in combined treatment of domestic sewage, and nitrate wastewater discharged from industrial areas. The SPDAF system was started up at decreasing temperatures (26.8-18.9 ℃), and remained robust at abrupt temperature drop and drastic temperature fluctuations (20.7-14.1 ℃). The influent and effluent total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) were 97.0 ± 3.7 mg/L and 10.3 ± 4.0 mg/L, respectively. In-situ fermentation supplemented electron donors for NO3--N reduction. A high TIN removal efficiency, of 89.5 ± 3.9% was obtained. Specifically, Anammox contributed 90.9 ± 5.2% to TIN removal. Furthermore, the abundances of hydrolysis and acidogenesis bacteria were 14.02% and 29.47% in the low and high zones, respectively, which promoted fermentation and the use of complex organics. This study provided novel insights for actual operation of WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiping Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiyao Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Qiong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jiantao Ji
- College of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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36
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Lu W, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Wei Y, Bu Y, Ma B. Achieving advanced nitrogen removal in a novel partial denitrification/anammox-nitrifying (PDA-N) biofilter process treating low C/N ratio municipal wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 340:125661. [PMID: 34364081 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
For achieving mainstream anammox, a novel partial denitrification/anammox-nitrifying (PDA-N) biofilter process to treat municipal wastewater was developed. This process achieved a total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal efficiency of 81%, with an average effluent TIN of 7.31 mg·L-1, when the ratio of influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) to TIN was 3.2. Approximately 97% of the TIN was removed by anammox in the PDA biofilter. Nitrite was provided by partial denitrification for anammox. Partial denitrification was driven by Thaurea in the middle and lower regions of the PDA biofilter, while anammox was mainly driven by Candidatus Brocadia in the middle and upper regions. When treating real municipal wastewater, the TIN was efficiently removed in the PDA-N biofilter, with the effluent TIN of 5.96 mg·L-1. Anammox played a primary role, achieving approximately 98% of the TIN removal. Compared to the traditional nitrification/denitrification process, this process can economize organic carbon demand and oxygen consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yinan Bu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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37
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Zhang Y, Meng C, He Y, Wang X, Xue G. Influence of cell lysis by Fenton oxidation on cryptic growth in sequencing batch reactor (SBR): Implication of reducing sludge source discharge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 789:148042. [PMID: 34323827 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The cell lysis-cryptic growth was implemented by Fenton oxidation in sequencing batch reactor. Optimizing sludge lysis condition could maximize the release of nutrients and sludge disintegration degree. After Fenton oxidation, the extracellular polymeric substance was obviously destroyed with the sludge average particle decreased from 64 μm to 36 μm. After 5% of the settled sludge in sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was oxidized by Fenton and then returned to SBR, the mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) decreased by 19.3% at the end of 35 days operation, the average mixed liquor volatile suspended solids/mixed liquor suspended solids (MLVSS/MLSS) was promoted by 13.3% during the entire operation. Returning lysed sludge had no significant influence on the organics and nitrogen removal, but the total phosphorus removal was distinctly enhanced by generating FePO4 precipitate. Additionally, returning lysed sludge suppressed nitrifying bacteria and promoted denitrifying bacteria slightly. Consequently, the cell lysis-cryptic growth for reducing sludge source discharge from wastewater biological treatment could be achieved on the premise of ensuring effluent quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chengcheng Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Tianjin United Environmental Protection Engineering Design Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300110, China
| | - Yueling He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaonuan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Gang Xue
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200000, China; National Engineering Research Center for Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Shanghai 201620, China.
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38
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Ma J, Wei J, Kong Q, Li Z, Pan J, Chen B, Qiu G, Wu H, Zhu S, Wei C. Synergy between autotrophic denitrification and Anammox driven by FeS in a fluidized bed bioreactor for advanced nitrogen removal. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130726. [PMID: 33964745 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of the metabolic synergy between autotrophic denitrification (AuDen) and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox), the feasibility of a novel ferrous sulfide (FeS)-driven AuDen and Anammox coupled system (FS-DADAS) was investigated. The nitrogen removal performance of FS-DADAS was investigated in a lab-scale fluidized bed bioreactor fed with synthetic wastewater containing NH4+-N and NO3--N. The results of long-term operation (120 days) demonstrated the promising performance of the system with 100% NO3--N removal and NH4+-N concentrations lower than 8.11 mg L-1 in the effluent at a nitrogen loading rate of 0.20 g-N·(L·d)-1. Sufficient NO2--N was provided by the AuDen for Anammox where a high removal rate of total nitrogen (TN) was achieved. The contribution of Anammox to TN removal was at >80%. The reactor could maintain a stable pH with less SO42- production owing to the fact that Fe(II) and S acted as electron donors. FeS gradually transformed into a sheet-like secondary mineral, FeOOH. AuDen (Thiobacillus) and Anammox bacteria (Candidatus Kuenenia) were successfully retained in the bioreactor, with relative abundance values of 18.82%-23.64% and 3.52%-8.67%, respectively. FS-DADAS is a promising technology for the complete removal of TN from wastewaters with low C/N ratios at low energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingde Ma
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jingyue Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Qiaoping Kong
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, PR China.
| | - Zemin Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jianxin Pan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ben Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Guanglei Qiu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Haizhen Wu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Shuang Zhu
- School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Chaohai Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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39
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Téllez-Pérez SK, Wyffels S, KleinJan H, Meunier C, Gerards R. Advanced nitrogen removal from anaerobically pre-treated potato wastewater via partial nitritation-anammox in a continuous fed SBR. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130716. [PMID: 33965866 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Partial nitritation-anammox was carried out successfully in a continuous fed Sequencing Batch Reactor (cf-SBR), composed of 3 compartments operated in continuous mode. The reactor was operated with floccular biomass (flocs) and biofilm to remove nitrogen from the anaerobic effluent from the potato industry at different nitrogen loading rates (0.16 g TN L-1 d-1 - 0.8 g TN L-1 d-1). At the maximum nitrogen loading rate (NLR) evaluated the nitrogen removal and ammonia oxidation achieved were 62% and 74% respectively. During the evaluation of the NLR, it was observed an improvement of the characteristics of the sludge, improving the Sludge Volumetric Index (SVI) from 228 to 63 mL g-1 MLSS. Moreover, molecular analysis (qPCR) confirmed the presence of anammox bacteria on the flocs and in the biofilm from the cf-SBR. The results showed the capability of the reactor to carry out the partial nitritation-anammox in the same reactor at pilot scale. The cf-SBR was presented as a suitable and feasible technology for advanced nitrogen removal under partial nitritation and anammox conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Téllez-Pérez
- Research and Development Department, Waterleau Group NV, Wespelaar, 3150, Belgium.
| | - S Wyffels
- Research and Development Department, Waterleau Group NV, Wespelaar, 3150, Belgium
| | - H KleinJan
- CEBEDEAU, Research and Expertise Center for Water, Allée de La Découverte, 11 (B53), Quartier Polytech 1, Liège, 4000, Belgium
| | - C Meunier
- CEBEDEAU, Research and Expertise Center for Water, Allée de La Découverte, 11 (B53), Quartier Polytech 1, Liège, 4000, Belgium
| | - R Gerards
- Research and Development Department, Waterleau Group NV, Wespelaar, 3150, Belgium
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40
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Chen H, Tu Z, Wu S, Yu G, Du C, Wang H, Yang E, Zhou L, Deng B, Wang D, Li H. Recent advances in partial denitrification-anaerobic ammonium oxidation process for mainstream municipal wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130436. [PMID: 33839386 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
To solve the bottleneck of the unstable accumulation of nitrite in the partial nitrification (PN)-anammox (AMX) in municipal wastewater treatment, a novel process called partial denitrification (PD)-AMX has been developed. PD-AMX, which is known for cost-efficiency and environmental friendliness, has currently exhibited a promising potential for the removal of biological nitrogen from municipal wastewater and has attracted much research interest regarding its process mechanisms, as well as its practical applications. Here, we review the recent advances in the PD process and its coupling to the anammox process, including the development, basic principles, main characteristics, and critical process parameters of the stable operation of the PD-AMX process. We also explore the microbial community and its characteristics in the system and summarize the knowledge of the dominant bacteria to clarify the key factors affecting PD-AMX. Then, we introduce the engineering feasibility and economic feasibility as well as the potential challenges of the process. The induction and implementation of partial denitrification and maintenance of mainstream anammox are critical issues to be urgently solved. Meanwhile, the implementation of a full mainstream anammox application remains burdensome, while the mechanism of partial denitrification coupled to anammox needs to be further studied. Additionally, stable operation performance and process control1 methods need to be optimized or developed for the PD-AMX system for better engineering practice. This review can help to accelerate the research and application of the PD-AMX process for municipal wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Zhi Tu
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Sha Wu
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Guanlong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Chunyan Du
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Enzhe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Hailong Li
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
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41
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Weralupitiya C, Wanigatunge R, Joseph S, Athapattu BCL, Lee TH, Kumar Biswas J, Ginige MP, Shiung Lam S, Senthil Kumar P, Vithanage M. Anammox bacteria in treating ammonium rich wastewater: Recent perspective and appraisal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 334:125240. [PMID: 33964811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of anammox process has provided eco-friendly and low-cost means of treating ammonia rich wastewater with remarkable efficiency. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that the possibility of operating the anammox process under low temperatures and high organic matter contents broadening the application of the anammox process. However, short doubling time and extensive levels of sensitivity towards nutrients and environmental alterations such as salinity and temperature are the limitations in practical applications of the anammox process. This review article provides the recent yet comprehensive viewpoint on anammox bacteria and the key perspectives in applying them as an efficient strategy for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanusha Weralupitiya
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka; Department of Plant and Molecular Biology, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Rasika Wanigatunge
- Department of Plant and Molecular Biology, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Sarangi Joseph
- Department of Civil Engineering, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Nawala, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Tae-Ho Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- Department of Ecological Studies, and International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia 741235, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Su Shiung Lam
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai 603110, India
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
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42
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Yin X, Rahaman MH, Liu W, Mąkinia J, Zhai J. Comparison of nitrogen and VFA removal pathways in autotrophic and organotrophic anammox reactors. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:111065. [PMID: 33831412 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organotrophic anammox is a promising process for treating both nitrogen and organic containing wastewater than that of the traditional autotrophic anammox for sole nitrogen removal. However pathways of nitrogen removal particularly at metagenomic level in both processes are still unknown. Here we report, metabolic pathways of nitrogen removal in two lab-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBR), one autotrophic and another organotrophic (TOC/TN = 0.1) anammox bacteria incubated over 220 days. Both reactors showed satisfactory nitrogen removal with 840.31 mg N/L.d and 786.81 mg N/L.d for autotrophic and organotrophic anammox reactors respectively. Four anammox species namely Candidatus B. fulgida, B. sinica, J. caeni and Candidatus K. stuttgartiensis were identified in both reactors. The Candidatus K. stuttgartiensis (4%) was dominant in autotrophic reactor whereas Candidatus J. caeni (10%) in the organotrophic reactor. The supply of organic promoted the growth of anammox bacteria more than three times higher than that of the autotrophic anammox reactor. The functional genes related to the DNRA pathway was obtained in all anammox species except for Candidatus K. stuttgartiensis. The co-existence of other DNRA (Armatimonadetes and Thauera) and partial denitrifying bacteria (Chloroflexi) was also found in both reactors. Moreover, functional genes related to acetate metabolism by acetyl-CoA way were obtained in all anammox bacteria except Candidatus B. fulgida which showed alternative ackA/Pac-t pathways in organic anammox reactor. Overall current results suggest that the anammox, DNRA and partial denitrification were the key nitrogen transformation pathways, particularly in organotrophic anammox reactor. Our findings will improve understanding of the practical application of organotrophic anammox for wider wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Yin
- Chongqing University, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Md Hasibur Rahaman
- Chongqing University, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing, 400045, China; Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Chongqing University, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Jacek Mąkinia
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jun Zhai
- Chongqing University, Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing, 400045, China.
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43
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Qian J, Han Y, Guo J, Zhang J, Hou Y, Song Y, Lu C, Li H. Semi-starvation fluctuation driving rapid partial denitrification granular sludge cultivation in situ by microorganism exudate metabolites feedbacks. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 196:110938. [PMID: 33647304 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, semi-starvation fluctuation driving PD granules cultivation in situ by microorganism exudate metabolites feedbacks was firstly investigated. The PD granules of high nitrite production were cultivated with an excellent mean nitrate-to-nitrite transformation rate (NTR) of 56.39% in just 30 days. The granules size was improved from the initial size of 0.09 ± 0.01 mm in diameter to a size above 2 mm when the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) content increased from 80.21 ± 10.20 mg/g MLVSS to 777.00 ± 22.13 mg/g MLVSS. Acyl-homoserine lactone signals (AHLs) ultimately increased ten-fold more than the initially through 30 days of cultivation. Meanwhile, Thauera had been identified as the main function bacteria of PD, which enriched from 0.47% to 10.67%. Results demonstrated that AHLs, EPS, PD bacteria and the PD granules cultivation were closely associated. Semi-starvation fluctuation produced oligotrophic stress on bacterial community, a part of bacteria would be eliminated on starvation for oligotrophic stress and AHLs of bacteria regarded as distress signals resulted in the rapid formation of PD granules. A mechanism for PD granular cultivation with semi-starvation fluctuation was proposed from the aspect of oligotrophic stress. A better strategy for rapid PD granules cultivation was obtained and it could be useful for the mainstream granule-based PD combined with the anammox process application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuzhou Qian
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Yi Han
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Jianbo Guo
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Jianbing Zhang
- Tianjin Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute, Tianjin, 300051, China
| | - Yanan Hou
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Caicai Lu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Haibo Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin, 300384, China
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44
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Performances of simultaneous enhanced removal of nitrogen and phosphorus via biological aerated filter with biochar as fillers under low dissolved oxygen for digested swine wastewater treatment. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:1741-1753. [PMID: 33792778 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02557-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the feasibility of biochar as a carrier to improve the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in biological aerated filters (BAFs) for treating low C/N digested swine wastewater (DSW). Two similar BAFs (BAF-A with hydrophobic polypropylene resin as fillers and BAF-B with bamboo biochar as carrier) were developed for DSW treatment. Results showed that the NH4+-N, TN, and TP removal performances in BAF-B were higher than those in BAF-A. Carrier type had an obvious influence on the structures and diversity of the microbial population. The biochar carrier in BAF-B was conducive to the enrichment of the functional microorganisms and the increase of microbial diversity under high NH4+-N conditions. Microbial analysis showed that the genera Rhodanobacter (10.64%), JGI_0001001-h003 (14.24%), RBG-13-54-9 (8.87%), Chujaibacter (11.27%), and Ottowia were the predominant populations involved in nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the later stage of phase III in BAF-B. BAF with biochar as carrier was highly promising for TN and TP removal in low C/N and high NH4+-N DSW treatment.
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45
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Jiang H, Wang Z, Ren S, Qiu J, Zhang Q, Li X, Peng Y. Enrichment and retention of key functional bacteria of partial denitrification-Anammox (PD/A) process via cell immobilization: A novel strategy for fast PD/A application. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 326:124744. [PMID: 33540212 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell immobilization was used to enrich and retain functional bacteria within partial denitrification-Anammox (PD/A) process to achieve its fast start-up for the first time. To do so, residue sludge and Anammox sludge were immobilized in poly (vinyl alcohol)/sodium alginate (PVA/SA) gel for PD cultivation and Anammox bacteria inoculation, respectively. Stable PD with NO3--N to NO2--N transformation ratio (NTR) of 72.0% was achieved within 13 days at 25 °C and successfully combined with Anammox on 14th day. The hydrous porous PVA/SA gel matrix played the role of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and thus protected the microbes against low temperature. Satisfactory nitrogen removal rate (NRR) (301.6 ± 6.1 g N/(m3·d)) was achieved even when temperature decreased to 13 °C. The contribution of nitrogen removal via Anammox was as high as 77.10%. Abundance of Thauera and Candidatus Kuenenia increased from 0.9% and 1.1% to 30.6% and 2.1%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Zhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Shang Ren
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Jingang Qiu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xiyao Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
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Zhang M, Huang JC, Sun S, Rehman MMU, He S, Zhou W. Nitrogen removal through collaborative microbial pathways in tidal flow constructed wetlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143594. [PMID: 33246723 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands are efficient in removing nitrogen from water; however, little is known about nitrogen-cycling pathways for nitrogen loss from tidal flow constructed wetlands. This study conducted molecular and stable isotopic analyses to investigate potential dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), denitrification, nitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), and their contributions to nitrogen removal by two tidal wetland mesocosms, PA (planted with Phragmites australis) and NP (unplanted), designated to treat Yangtze River Estuary water. Our results show the mesocosms removed ~22.6% of TN from nitrate-dominated river water (1.19 mg·L-1), with better performance obtained in PA than that in NP, which was consistent with the molecular and stable isotopic data. The potential activities of DNRA, anammox, denitrification and nitrification varied between 0.6 and 1.6, 4.6-37.3, 36.4-305.7, and 463.7-945.9 nmol N2 g-1 dry soil d-1, respectively, with higher values obtained in PA than NP. Nitrification accounted for 94.3-99.4% of NH4+ oxidation, with the rest through anammox. Denitrification contributed to 77.9-90.3% of NOx- reduction, compared to 9.2-21.6% and 0.5-1.5% via anammox and DNRA, respectively; 78.4-90.9% of N2 was produced through denitrification, with the rest via anammox. Pearson correlation analyses suggest NH4+ was the major factor regulating nitrification, while NO3- played an important role in the competition between denitrification and DNRA, and NO2- was a key restrictive factor for anammox. Overall, this study reveals the importance of nitrification, denitrification, anammox and DNRA in nitrogen removal, providing new insight into the nitrogen-cycling mechanisms in natural/artificial tidal wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Jung-Chen Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Shanshan Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Muhammad Muneeb Ur Rehman
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Weili Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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47
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Liu H, Ouyang F, Chen Z, Chen Z, Lichtfouse E. Weak electricity stimulates biological nitrate removal of wastewater: Hypothesis and first evidences. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 757:143764. [PMID: 33248788 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate pollution in water is a worldwide health and environmental concern. Biological nitrate removal of wastewater is widely used countering eutrophication of water bodies; however it could be troublesome and expensive when influent carbon source is insufficient. Here we present a novel process, the microbial fuel cell (MFC)-resistance-type electrical stimulation denitrification process (RtESD) using microbial weak electricity originated from the wastewater, to enhance nitrate removal. Results show that the optimal nitrate dependent denitrification rate (0.027 mg N/L·h) and nitrate removal efficiency (98.1%) can be achieved; partial autotrophic denitrification was enhanced in RtESD under stimulation of 0.2 V of microbial weak electricity (MWE). Aromatic proteins also increased in the presence of 0.2 V MWE stimulation according to three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy profiles, indicating that electron transfer could be improved in the case of MWE stimulation. Furthermore, the microbial community structure and diversity analysis results demonstrated that MWE stimulation inhibited the heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria and activated the autotrophic denitrifying bacteria in RtESD. Two hypotheses, enhancement of electron transfer and improvement of microorganism activity, were proposed regarding to the MWE stimulated pathways. This study provided a promising method utilizing MWE derived from wastewater to improve the denitrification rate and removal efficiency of nitrate-containing wastewater treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Liu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, 200093, Shanghai, China.
| | - Feiyu Ouyang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihua Chen
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongbing Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eric Lichtfouse
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Coll France, CEREGE, 13100 Aix en Provence, France
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48
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Application of natural biodegradable fiber as biofilm medium and carbon source in DEnitrifying AMmonium OXidation (DEAMOX) process for nitrogen removal from wastewater. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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49
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Effect of biomass immobilization and reduced graphene oxide on the microbial community changes and nitrogen removal at low temperatures. Sci Rep 2021; 11:840. [PMID: 33436937 PMCID: PMC7804202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The slow growth rate and high optimal temperatures for the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria are significant limitations of the anammox processes application in the treatment of mainstream of wastewater entering wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). In this study, we investigate the nitrogen removal and microbial community changes in sodium alginate (SA) and sodium alginate–reduced graphene oxide (SA-RGO) carriers, depending on the process temperature, with a particular emphasis on the temperature close to the mainstream of wastewater entering the WWTP. The RGO addition to the SA matrix causes suppression of the beads swelling, which intern modifies the mechanical properties of the gel beads. The effect of the temperature drop on the nitrogen removal rate was reduced for biomass entrapped in SA and SA-RGO gel beads in comparison to non-immobilized biomass, this suggests a ‘‘protective” effect caused by immobilization. However, analyses performed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and qPCR revealed that the microbial community composition and relative gene abundance changed significantly, after the implementation of the new process conditions. The microbial community inside the gel beads was completely remodelled, in comparison with inoculum, and denitrification contributed to the nitrogen transformation inside the beads.
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50
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Gao D, Xiang T. Deammonification process in municipal wastewater treatment: Challenges and perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124420. [PMID: 33232853 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The deammonification process has been proved to be an efficient nitrogen removal process in treating high NH4+-N concentration wastewater (sidestream deammonification). It is very hopeful to bring WWTP close to energy autarky. However, the feasibility of applying mainstream deammonification to sewage treatment need to be further explored. Therefore, this review attempts to give an overview of challenges in applying mainstream deammonification and to discuss the impacts of unfavorable conditions on main functional species. In addition, some novel control strategies to maintain the dominant position of desired species were summarized. Efficient solution to the conflict between AnAOB (Anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria) biomass retention and NOB (Nitrite oxidizing bacteria) wash out was also reviewed. Ultimately, we suggested further studies including effective improved process that achieve combination of autotrophy and organotrophy species based on the metabolic diversity of AnAOB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawen Gao
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Tao Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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