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Yuan C, Guo Q, Zeng Q, Yuan Y, Jiang W, Yang Y, Bouchard LS, Ye C, Zhou X. Dual-Signal Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (Dusi-CEST): An Efficient Strategy for Visualizing Drug Delivery Monitoring in Living Cells. Anal Chem 2024; 96:1436-1443. [PMID: 38173081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
We report a dual-signal chemical exchange saturation transfer (Dusi-CEST) strategy for drug delivery and detection in living cells. The two signals can be detected by operators in complex environments. This strategy is demonstrated on a cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) nanoparticle probe, as an example. The CB[6] probe is equipped with two kinds of hydrophobic cavities: one is found inside CB[6] itself, whereas the other exists inside the nanoparticle. When the probe is dispersed in aqueous solution as part of a hyperpolarized 129Xe NMR experiment, two signals appear at two different chemical shifts (100 and 200 ppm). These two resonances correspond to the NMR signals of 129Xe in the two different cavities. Upon loading with hydrophobic drugs, such as paclitaxel, for intracellular drug delivery, the two resonances undergo significant changes upon drug loading and cargo release, giving rise to a metric enabling the assessment of drug delivery success. The simultaneous change of Dusi-CEST likes a mobile phone that can receive both LTE and Wi-Fi signals, which can help reduce the occurrence of false positives and false negatives in complex biological environments and help improve the accuracy and sensitivity of single-shot detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qianni Guo
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Qingbin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaping Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Weiping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Louis-S Bouchard
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Chaohui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
- Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
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2
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Jost JO, Schröder L. Improving HyperCEST performance by favorable xenon exchange conditions in liposomal nanocarriers. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4714. [PMID: 35181965 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
MRI reporters that combine signal enhancement from saturation transfer with hyperpolarized 129 Xe show nanomolar detection sensitivity for in vitro studies. However, they need further improvement for accelerated CEST build-up that sufficiently dominates the intrinsic loss of hyperpolarization under in vivo conditions. This study introduces liposomes with a HyperCEST-active lipopeptide to enhance the efficiency of a well known Xe host, CrA-ma, with medium Xe exchange kinetics in aqueous environment, by two orders of magnitude. The depolarization time for constant saturation power but increasing saturation time is used as a comparative measure to rank different nanocarrier formulations. A variable cage load illustrates that the available CEST sites should be well distributed throughout the nanocarriers to avoid inefficiency from back exchange. For a liposome loading with only 2 mol% CrA-lipopeptide, the higher exchange kinetics allowed us to work even with 17-fold lower saturation power than for CrA-ma itself to achieve significant image contrast with 129 Xe. Overall, this study illustrates the wide parameter space that is now available when incorporating CrA-labelled lipopeptides into liposomal carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Oliver Jost
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Imaging, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif Schröder
- Translational Molecular Imaging, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Imaging, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
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3
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Saul P, Schröder L, Schmidt AB, Hövener JB. Nanomaterials for hyperpolarized nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance imaging. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023:e1879. [PMID: 36781151 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials play an important role in the development and application of hyperpolarized materials for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this context they can not only act as hyperpolarized materials which are directly imaged but also play a role as carriers for hyperpolarized gases and catalysts for para-hydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) to generate hyperpolarized substrates for metabolic imaging. Those three application possibilities are discussed, focusing on carbon-based materials for the directly imaged particles. An overview over recent developments in all three fields is given, including the early developments in each field as well as important steps towards applications in MRI, such as making the initially developed methods more biocompatible and first imaging experiments with spatial resolution in either phantoms or in vivo studies. Focusing on the important features nanomaterials need to display to be applicable in the MRI context, a wide range of different approaches to that extent is covered, giving the reader a general idea of different possibilities as well as recent developments in those different fields of hyperpolarized magnetic resonance. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Saul
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Leif Schröder
- Division of Translational Molecular Imaging, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Molecular Imaging, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas B Schmidt
- Intergrative Biosciences (Ibio), Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
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4
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Abstract
The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) in the clinical setting enables the acquisition of valuable anatomical information in a rapid, non-invasive fashion. However, MRI applications for identifying disease-related biomarkers are limited due to low sensitivity at clinical magnetic field strengths. The development of hyperpolarized (hp) 129Xe MRI/MRS techniques as complements to traditional 1H-based imaging has been a burgeoning area of research over the past two decades. Pioneering experiments have shown that hp 129Xe can be encapsulated within host molecules to generate ultrasensitive biosensors. In particular, xenon has high affinity for cryptophanes, which are small organic cages that can be functionalized with affinity tags, fluorophores, solubilizing groups, and other moieties to identify biomedically relevant analytes. Cryptophane sensors designed for proteins, metal ions, nucleic acids, pH, and temperature have achieved nanomolar-to-femtomolar limits of detection via a combination of 129Xe hyperpolarization and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) techniques. This review aims to summarize the development of cryptophane biosensors for 129Xe MRI applications, while highlighting innovative biosensor designs and the consequent enhancements in detection sensitivity, which will be invaluable in expanding the scope of 129Xe MRI. This review aims to summarize the development of cryptophane biosensors for 129Xe MRI applications, while highlighting innovative biosensor designs and the consequent enhancements in detection sensitivity, which will be invaluable in expanding the scope of 129Xe MRI.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge D Zemerov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Ivan J Dmochowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
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5
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Jiang W, Guo Q, Luo Q, Zhang X, Yuan Y, Li H, Zhou X. Molecular Concentration Determination Using Long-Interval Chemical Exchange Inversion Transfer (CEIT) NMR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8652-8657. [PMID: 34472873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized hyperpolarized xenon "cage" molecules have often been used for ultrasensitive detection of biomolecules and microenvironment properties. However, the rapid and accurate measurement of molecule concentration is still a challenge. Here, we report a molecule concentration measurement method using long-interval chemical exchange inversion transfer (CEIT) NMR spectroscopy. The molecule concentration can be quantitatively measured with only 2 scans, which shortens the acquisition time by about 10 times compared to conventional Hyper-CEST (chemical exchange saturation transfer) z-spectrum method. Moreover, we found that the accuracy of concentration determination would be the best when the CEIT effect is 1-1/e or close to it, and a relative deviation of CrA-(COOH)6 less than ±1% has been achieved by only a one-step optimization of the number of cycles. The proposed method enables efficient and accurate determination of molecule concentration, which provides a potential way for rapid quantitative molecular imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianni Guo
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Haidong Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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6
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Baydoun O, Buffeteau T, Brotin T. Enantiopure cryptophane derivatives: Synthesis and chiroptical properties. Chirality 2021; 33:562-596. [PMID: 34464474 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This review addresses the synthesis of enantiopure cryptophane and the study of their chiroptical properties. Cryptophane derivatives represent an important class of macrocyclic compounds that can bind a large range of species in solution under different conditions. The overwhelming majority of these host molecules is chiral, and their chiroptical properties have been thoroughly investigated. The first part of this review is dedicated to the optical resolution and the synthesis of enantiopure cryptophane derivatives. In a second part, the study of the chiroptical properties of these molecular hosts by different techniques such as electronic and vibrational circular dichroism and Raman optical activity is detailed. These techniques allow the determination of the absolute configuration of cryptophane derivatives and provide useful information about their conformation in different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsola Baydoun
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Lyon, France
| | - Thierry Buffeteau
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux University, Talence, France
| | - Thierry Brotin
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Lyon, France
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7
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Chighine K, Léonce E, Boutin C, Desvaux H, Berthault P. 129Xe ultra-fast Z spectroscopy enables micromolar detection of biosensors on a 1 T benchtop spectrometer. MAGNETIC RESONANCE (GOTTINGEN, GERMANY) 2021; 2:409-420. [PMID: 37904767 PMCID: PMC10539730 DOI: 10.5194/mr-2-409-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
The availability of a benchtop nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer, of low cost and easily transportable, can allow detection of low quantities of biosensors, provided that hyperpolarized species are used. Here we show that the micromolar threshold can easily be reached by employing laser-polarized xenon and cage molecules reversibly hosting it. Indirect detection of caged xenon is made via chemical exchange, using ultra-fast Z spectroscopy based on spatio-temporal encoding. On this non-dedicated low-field spectrometer, several ideas are proposed to improve the signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Chighine
- Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Estelle Léonce
- Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Céline Boutin
- Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hervé Desvaux
- Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Patrick Berthault
- Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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8
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Ullah MS, Zhivonitko VV, Samoylenko A, Zhyvolozhnyi A, Viitala S, Kankaanpää S, Komulainen S, Schröder L, Vainio SJ, Telkki VV. Identification of extracellular nanoparticle subsets by nuclear magnetic resonance. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8311-8319. [PMID: 34221312 PMCID: PMC8221169 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01402a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are a subset of secreted lipid envelope-encapsulated extracellular vesicles (EVs) of 50-150 nm diameter that can transfer cargo from donor to acceptor cells. In the current purification protocols of exosomes, many smaller and larger nanoparticles such as lipoproteins, exomers and microvesicles are typically co-isolated as well. Particle size distribution is one important characteristics of EV samples, as it reflects the cellular origin of EVs and the purity of the isolation. However, most of the physicochemical analytical methods today cannot illustrate the smallest exosomes and other small particles like the exomers. Here, we demonstrate that diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method enables the determination of a very broad distribution of extracellular nanoparticles, ranging from 1 to 500 nm. The range covers sizes of all particles included in EV samples after isolation. The method is non-invasive, as it does not require any labelling or other chemical modification. We investigated EVs secreted from milk as well as embryonic kidney and renal carcinoma cells. Western blot analysis and immuno-electron microscopy confirmed expression of exosomal markers such as ALIX, TSG101, CD81, CD9, and CD63 in the EV samples. In addition to the larger particles observed by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) in the range of 70-500 nm, the DOSY distributions include a significant number of smaller particles in the range of 10-70 nm, which are visible also in transmission electron microscopy images but invisible in NTA. Furthermore, we demonstrate that hyperpolarized chemical exchange saturation transfer (Hyper-CEST) with 129Xe NMR indicates also the existence of smaller and larger nanoparticles in the EV samples, providing also additional support for DOSY results. The method implies also that the Xe exchange is significantly faster in the EV pool than in the lipoprotein/exomer pool.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anatoliy Samoylenko
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Infotech Oulu, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Kvantum Institute, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Oulu Finland
| | - Artem Zhyvolozhnyi
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Infotech Oulu, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Kvantum Institute, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Oulu Finland
| | - Sirja Viitala
- Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) Jokioinen Finland
| | - Santeri Kankaanpää
- Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) Jokioinen Finland
| | | | - Leif Schröder
- Molecular Imaging, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Berlin Germany
- Division of Translational Molecular Imaging, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | - Seppo J Vainio
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Infotech Oulu, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Kvantum Institute, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Oulu Finland
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Zemerov SD, Lin Y, Dmochowski IJ. Monomeric Cryptophane with Record-High Xe Affinity Gives Insights into Aggregation-Dependent Sensing. Anal Chem 2021; 93:1507-1514. [PMID: 33356164 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cryptophane host molecules provide ultrasensitive contrast agents for 129Xe NMR/MRI. To investigate key features of cryptophane-Xe sensing behavior, we designed a novel water-soluble cryptophane with a pendant hydrophobic adamantyl moiety, which has good affinity for a model receptor, beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD). Adamantyl-functionalized cryptophane-A (AFCA) was synthesized and characterized for Xe affinity, 129Xe NMR signal, and aggregation state at varying AFCA and β-CD concentrations. The Xe-AFCA association constant was determined by fluorescence quenching, KA = 114,000 ± 5000 M-1 at 293 K, which is the highest reported affinity for a cryptophane host in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.2). No hyperpolarized (hp) 129Xe NMR peak corresponding to AFCA-bound Xe was directly observed at high (100 μM) AFCA concentration, where small cryptophane aggregates were observed, and was only detected at low (15 μM) AFCA concentration, where the sensor remained fully monomeric in solution. Additionally, we observed no change in the chemical shift of AFCA-encapsulated 129Xe after β-CD binding to the adamantyl moiety and a concomitant lack of change in the size distribution of the complex, suggesting that a change in the aggregation state is necessary to elicit a 129Xe NMR chemical shift in cryptophane-based sensing. These results aid in further elucidating the recently discovered aggregation phenomenon, highlight limitations of cryptophane-based Xe sensing, and offer insights into the design of monomeric, high-affinity Xe sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge D Zemerov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yannan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ivan J Dmochowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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Jayapaul J, Schröder L. Molecular Sensing with Host Systems for Hyperpolarized 129Xe. Molecules 2020; 25:E4627. [PMID: 33050669 PMCID: PMC7587211 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarized noble gases have been used early on in applications for sensitivity enhanced NMR. 129Xe has been explored for various applications because it can be used beyond the gas-driven examination of void spaces. Its solubility in aqueous solutions and its affinity for hydrophobic binding pockets allows "functionalization" through combination with host structures that bind one or multiple gas atoms. Moreover, the transient nature of gas binding in such hosts allows the combination with another signal enhancement technique, namely chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST). Different systems have been investigated for implementing various types of so-called Xe biosensors where the gas binds to a targeted host to address molecular markers or to sense biophysical parameters. This review summarizes developments in biosensor design and synthesis for achieving molecular sensing with NMR at unprecedented sensitivity. Aspects regarding Xe exchange kinetics and chemical engineering of various classes of hosts for an efficient build-up of the CEST effect will also be discussed as well as the cavity design of host molecules to identify a pool of bound Xe. The concept is presented in the broader context of reporter design with insights from other modalities that are helpful for advancing the field of Xe biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leif Schröder
- Molecular Imaging, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany;
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11
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Du K, Zemerov SD, Carroll PJ, Dmochowski IJ. Paramagnetic Shifts and Guest Exchange Kinetics in Co nFe 4-n Metal-Organic Capsules. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:12758-12767. [PMID: 32851844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the magnetic resonance properties and exchange kinetics of guest molecules in a series of hetero-bimetallic capsules, [ConFe4-nL6]4- (n = 1-3), where L2- = 4,4'-bis[(2-pyridinylmethylene)amino]-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2,2'-disulfonate. H bond networks between capsule sulfonates and guanidinium cations promote the crystallization of [ConFe4-nL6]4-. The following four isostructural crystals are reported: two guest-free forms, (C(NH2)3)4[Co1.8Fe2.2L6]·69H2O (1) and (C(NH2)3)4[Co2.7Fe1.3L6]·73H2O (2), and two Xe- and CFCl3-encapsulated forms, (C(NH2)3)4[(Xe)0.8Co1.8Fe2.2L6]·69H2O (3) and (C(NH2)3)4[(CFCl3)Co2.0Fe2.0L6]·73H2O (4), respectively. Structural analyses reveal that Xe induces negligible structural changes in 3, while the angles between neighboring phenyl groups expand by ca. 3° to accommodate the much larger guest, CFCl3, in 4. These guest-encapsulated [ConFe4-nL6]4- molecules reveal 129Xe and 19F chemical shift changes of ca. -22 and -10 ppm at 298 K, respectively, per substitution of low-spin FeII by high-spin CoII. Likewise, the temperature dependence of the 129Xe and 19F NMR resonances increases by 0.1 and 0.06 ppm/K, respectively, with each additional paramagnetic CoII center. The optimal temperature for hyperpolarized (hp) 129Xe chemical exchange saturation transfer (hyper-CEST) with [ConFe4-nL6]4- capsules was found to be inversely proportional to the number of CoII centers, n, which is consistent with the Xe chemical exchange accelerating as the portals expand. The systematic study was facilitated by the tunability of the [M4L6]4- capsules, further highlighting these metal-organic systems for developing responsive sensors with highly shifted 129Xe resonances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Du
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Serge D Zemerov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Patrick J Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Ivan J Dmochowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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12
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Schnurr M, Volk I, Nikolenko H, Winkler L, Dathe M, Schröder L. Functionalized Lipopeptide Micelles as Highly Efficient NMR Depolarization Seed Points for Targeted Cell Labelling in Xenon MRI. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e1900251. [PMID: 32293139 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Improving diagnostic imaging and therapy by targeted compound delivery to pathological areas and across biological barriers is of urgent need. A lipopeptide, P-CrA-A2, composed of a highly cationic peptide sequence (A2), an N-terminally attached palmitoyl chain (P) and cryptophane molecule (CrA) for preferred uptake into blood-brain barrier (BBB) capillary endothelial cells, was generated. CrA allows reversible binding of Xe for NMR detection with hyperpolarized nuclei. The lipopeptide forms size-optimized micelles with a diameter of about 11 nm at low micromolar concentration. Their high local CrA payload has a strong and switchable impact on the bulk magnetization through Hyper-CEST detection. Covalent fixation of CrA does not impede micelle formation and does not hamper its host functionality but simplifies Xe access to hosts for inducing saturation transfer. Xe Hyper-CEST magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows for distinguishing BBB endothelial cells from control aortic endothelial cells, and the small micelle volume with a sevenfold improved CrA-loading density compared to liposomal carriers allows preferred cell labelling with a minimally invasive volume (≈16 000-fold more efficient than 19 F cell labelling). Thus, these nanoscopic particles combine selectivity for human brain capillary endothelial cells with great sensitivity of Xe Hyper-CEST MRI and might be a potential MRI tool in brain diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schnurr
- Molecular Imaging, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ines Volk
- Peptide-Lipid Interaction / Peptide Transport, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Nikolenko
- Peptide-Lipid Interaction / Peptide Transport, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Winkler
- Molecular Imaging, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Margitta Dathe
- Peptide-Lipid Interaction / Peptide Transport, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif Schröder
- Molecular Imaging, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Zeng Q, Guo Q, Yuan Y, Zhang X, Jiang W, Xiao S, Zhang B, Lou X, Ye C, Liu M, Bouchard LS, Zhou X. A Small Molecular Multifunctional Tool for pH Detection, Fluorescence Imaging, and Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:1779-1786. [PMID: 35021667 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b01080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A smart multitool platform for theranostics would be useful for monitoring the administration of therapies in vivo. However, the integration of multiple functions into a single small-molecule platform remains a challenge. In this study, we developed a multifunctional probe based on a small-molecule platform. The properties of this probe were investigated via hyperpolarized 129Xe NMR/MRI, fluorescence imaging in cells and in vivo, and photodynamic therapy (PDT) in tumor mouse models. This multifunctional probe shows good pH response across a broad range of pH values. It also exhibits excellent fluorescence in vivo for mapping its biodistribution. Additionally, it produces enough 1O2 radicals for in vivo PDT. The combination of these functionalities into a single small-molecule platform, rather than a bulky nanoconstruct, offers unique possibilities for molecular imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Qianni Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yaping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Weiping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Sa Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Xin Lou
- Department of Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chaohui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Maili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Louis-S Bouchard
- California Nano Systems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Molecular Biology Institute, Department of Chemistry and of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
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14
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Birchall JR, Nikolaou P, Coffey AM, Kidd BE, Murphy M, Molway M, Bales LB, Goodson BM, Irwin RK, Barlow MJ, Chekmenev EY. Batch-Mode Clinical-Scale Optical Hyperpolarization of Xenon-129 Using an Aluminum Jacket with Rapid Temperature Ramping. Anal Chem 2020; 92:4309-4316. [PMID: 32073251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We present spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP) using a third-generation (GEN-3) automated batch-mode clinical-scale 129Xe hyperpolarizer utilizing continuous high-power (∼170 W) pump laser irradiation and a novel aluminum jacket design for rapid temperature ramping of xenon-rich gas mixtures (up to 2 atm partial pressure). The aluminum jacket design is capable of heating SEOP cells from ambient temperature (typically 25 °C) to 70 °C (temperature of the SEOP process) in 4 min, and perform cooling of the cell to the temperature at which the hyperpolarized gas mixture can be released from the hyperpolarizer (with negligible amounts of Rb metal leaving the cell) in approximately 4 min, substantially faster (by a factor of 6) than previous hyperpolarizer designs relying on air heat exchange. These reductions in temperature cycling time will likely be highly advantageous for the overall increase of production rates of batch-mode (i.e., stopped-flow) 129Xe hyperpolarizers, which is particularly beneficial for clinical applications. The additional advantage of the presented design is significantly improved thermal management of the SEOP cell. Accompanying the heating jacket design and performance, we also evaluate the repeatability of SEOP experiments conducted using this new architecture, and present typically achievable hyperpolarization levels exceeding 40% at exponential build-up rates on the order of 0.1 min-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Birchall
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | | | - Aaron M Coffey
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Robert K Irwin
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Barlow
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States.,Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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15
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Jayapaul J, Schröder L. Nanoparticle-Based Contrast Agents for 129Xe HyperCEST NMR and MRI Applications. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2019; 2019:9498173. [PMID: 31819739 PMCID: PMC6893250 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9498173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spin hyperpolarization techniques have enabled important advancements in preclinical and clinical MRI applications to overcome the intrinsic low sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance. Functionalized xenon biosensors represent one of these approaches. They combine two amplification strategies, namely, spin exchange optical pumping (SEOP) and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST). The latter one requires host structures that reversibly bind the hyperpolarized noble gas. Different nanoparticle approaches have been implemented and have enabled molecular MRI with 129Xe at unprecedented sensitivity. This review gives an overview of the Xe biosensor concept, particularly how different nanoparticles address various critical aspects of gas binding and exchange, spectral dispersion for multiplexing, and targeted reporter delivery. As this concept is emerging into preclinical applications, comprehensive sensor design will be indispensable in translating the outstanding sensitivity potential into biomedical molecular imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jabadurai Jayapaul
- Molecular Imaging, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif Schröder
- Molecular Imaging, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Skinner JG, Menichetti L, Flori A, Dost A, Schmidt AB, Plaumann M, Gallagher FA, Hövener JB. Metabolic and Molecular Imaging with Hyperpolarised Tracers. Mol Imaging Biol 2018; 20:902-918. [PMID: 30120644 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since reaching the clinic, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an irreplaceable radiological tool because of the macroscopic information it provides across almost all organs and soft tissues within the human body, all without the need for ionising radiation. The sensitivity of MR, however, is too low to take full advantage of the rich chemical information contained in the MR signal. Hyperpolarisation techniques have recently emerged as methods to overcome the sensitivity limitations by enhancing the MR signal by many orders of magnitude compared to the thermal equilibrium, enabling a new class of metabolic and molecular X-nuclei based MR tracers capable of reporting on metabolic processes at the cellular level. These hyperpolarised (HP) tracers have the potential to elucidate the complex metabolic processes of many organs and pathologies, with studies so far focusing on the fields of oncology and cardiology. This review presents an overview of hyperpolarisation techniques that appear most promising for clinical use today, such as dissolution dynamic nuclear polarisation (d-DNP), parahydrogen-induced hyperpolarisation (PHIP), Brute force hyperpolarisation and spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP), before discussing methods for tracer detection, emerging metabolic tracers and applications and progress in preclinical and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Graham Skinner
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Flori
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Dost
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Benjamin Schmidt
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Section Biomedical Imaging and MOIN CC, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Institute of Biometrics and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging and MOIN CC, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
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17
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Huber G, Léonce E, Baydoun O, De Rycke N, Brotin T, Berthault P. Unsaturated cryptophanes: Toward dual PHIP/hyperpolarised xenon sensors. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2018; 56:672-678. [PMID: 29218737 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cryptophanes, cage-molecules constituted of aromatic bowls, are now well recognised as powerful xenon hosts in 129 Xe NMR-based biosensing. In the quest of a dual probe that can be addressed only by NMR, we have studied three cryptophanes bearing a tether with an unsaturated bond. The idea behind this is to build probes that can be detected both via hyperpolarised 129 Xe NMR and para-hydrogen induced polarisation 1 H NMR. Only two of the three cryptophanes experience a sufficiently fast hydrogenation enabling the para-hydrogen induced polarisation effect. Although the in-out xenon exchange properties are maintained after hydrogenation, the chemical shift of xenon encaged in these two cryptophanes is not strikingly modified, which impedes safe discrimination of the native and hydrogenated states via 129 Xe NMR. However, a thorough examination of the hyperpolarised 1 H spectra reveals some interesting features for the catalytic process and gives us clues for the design of doubly smart 1 H/129 Xe NMR-based biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaspard Huber
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Paris-Saclay University, CEA Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Estelle Léonce
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Paris-Saclay University, CEA Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Orsola Baydoun
- Lyon 1 University, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, laboratoire de Chimie, 69364, Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas De Rycke
- Lyon 1 University, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, laboratoire de Chimie, 69364, Lyon, France
| | - Thierry Brotin
- Lyon 1 University, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, laboratoire de Chimie, 69364, Lyon, France
| | - Patrick Berthault
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Paris-Saclay University, CEA Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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18
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Zemerov SD, Roose BW, Greenberg ML, Wang Y, Dmochowski IJ. Cryptophane Nanoscale Assemblies Expand 129Xe NMR Biosensing. Anal Chem 2018; 90:7730-7738. [PMID: 29782149 PMCID: PMC6050516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cryptophane-based biosensors are promising agents for the ultrasensitive detection of biomedically relevant targets via 129Xe NMR. Dynamic light scattering revealed that cryptophanes form water-soluble aggregates tens to hundreds of nanometers in size. Acridine orange fluorescence quenching assays allowed quantitation of the aggregation state, with critical concentrations ranging from 200 nM to 600 nM, depending on the cryptophane species in solution. The addition of excess carbonic anhydrase (CA) protein target to a benzenesulfonamide-functionalized cryptophane biosensor (C8B) led to C8B disaggregation and produced the expected 1:1 C8B-CA complex. C8B showed higher affinity at 298 K for the cytoplasmic isozyme CAII than the extracellular CAXII isozyme, which is a biomarker of cancer. Using hyper-CEST NMR, we explored the role of stoichiometry in detecting these two isozymes. Under CA-saturating conditions, we observed that isozyme CAII produces a larger 129Xe NMR chemical shift change (δ = 5.9 ppm, relative to free biosensor) than CAXII (δ = 2.7 ppm), which indicates the strong potential for isozyme-specific detection. However, stoichiometry-dependent chemical shift data indicated that biosensor disaggregation contributes to the observed 129Xe NMR chemical shift change that is normally assigned to biosensor-target binding. Finally, we determined that monomeric cryptophane solutions improve hyper-CEST saturation contrast, which enables ultrasensitive detection of biosensor-protein complexes. These insights into cryptophane-solution behavior support further development of xenon biosensors, but will require reinterpretation of the data previously obtained for many water-soluble cryptophanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge D. Zemerov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Benjamin W. Roose
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | | | - Ivan J. Dmochowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104
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19
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Milanole G, Gao B, Mari E, Berthault P, Pieters G, Rousseau B. A Straightforward Access to Cyclotriveratrylene Analogues with C
1
Symmetry: Toward the Synthesis of Monofunctionalizable Cryptophanes. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Milanole
- SCBM; CEA; Université Paris-Saclay; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Bo Gao
- SCBM; CEA; Université Paris-Saclay; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Emilie Mari
- NIMBE; CEA; CNRS; Université Paris-Saclay; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Patrick Berthault
- NIMBE; CEA; CNRS; Université Paris-Saclay; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Grégory Pieters
- SCBM; CEA; Université Paris-Saclay; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
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20
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Milanole G, Gao B, Paoletti A, Pieters G, Dugave C, Deutsch E, Rivera S, Law F, Perfettini JL, Mari E, Léonce E, Boutin C, Berthault P, Volland H, Fenaille F, Brotin T, Rousseau B. Bimodal fluorescence/ 129Xe NMR probe for molecular imaging and biological inhibition of EGFR in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:6653-6660. [PMID: 29150078 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Although Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is one of the main causes of cancer death, very little improvement has been made in the last decades regarding diagnosis and outcomes. In this study, a bimodal fluorescence/129Xe NMR probe containing a xenon host, a fluorescent moiety and a therapeutic antibody has been designed to target the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors (EGFR) overexpressed in cancer cells. This biosensor shows high selectivity for the EGFR, and a biological activity similar to that of the antibody. It is detected with high specificity and high sensitivity (sub-nanomolar range) through hyperpolarized 129Xe NMR. This promising system should find important applications for theranostic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Milanole
- SCBM, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Bo Gao
- SCBM, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Grégory Pieters
- SCBM, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Eric Deutsch
- INSERM 1030 Molecular Radiotherapy, Villejuif, France; Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave-Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Sofia Rivera
- INSERM 1030 Molecular Radiotherapy, Villejuif, France; Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave-Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
| | - Frédéric Law
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave-Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Luc Perfettini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave-Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Emilie Mari
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Estelle Léonce
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Céline Boutin
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Patrick Berthault
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Hervé Volland
- SPI, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Thierry Brotin
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46, Allée D'Italie, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France
| | - Bernard Rousseau
- SCBM, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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21
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Riggle BA, Greenberg ML, Wang Y, Wissner RF, Zemerov SD, Petersson EJ, Dmochowski IJ. A cryptophane-based "turn-on" 129Xe NMR biosensor for monitoring calmodulin. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:8883-8887. [PMID: 29058007 PMCID: PMC5681859 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02391j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We present the first cryptophane-based "turn-on" 129Xe NMR biosensor, employing a peptide-functionalized cryptophane to monitor the activation of calmodulin (CaM) protein in solution. In the absence of CaM binding, interaction between the peptide and cryptophane completely suppresses the hyperpolarized 129Xe-cryptophane NMR signal. Biosensor binding to Ca2+-activated CaM produces the expected 129Xe-cryptophane NMR signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany A Riggle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA.
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22
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Li C, Zhao J, Cheng K, Ge Y, Wu Q, Ye Y, Xu G, Zhang Z, Zheng W, Zhang X, Zhou X, Pielak G, Liu M. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a Tool for Assessing Macromolecular Structure and Function in Living Cells. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2017; 10:157-182. [PMID: 28301750 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061516-045237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Investigating the structure, modification, interaction, and function of biomolecules in their native cellular environment leads to physiologically relevant knowledge about their mechanisms, which will benefit drug discovery and design. In recent years, nuclear and electron magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has emerged as a useful tool for elucidating the structure and function of biomacromolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates in living cells at atomic resolution. In this review, we summarize the progress and future of in-cell NMR as it is applied to proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conggang Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; ,
| | - Jiajing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; ,
| | - Kai Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; ,
| | - Yuwei Ge
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; ,
| | - Qiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; ,
| | - Yansheng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; ,
| | - Guohua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; ,
| | - Zeting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; ,
| | - Wenwen Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; ,
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; ,
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; ,
| | - Gary Pielak
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Maili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; ,
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23
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Berthault P, Boutin C, Léonce E, Jeanneau E, Brotin T. Role of the Methoxy Groups in Cryptophanes for Complexation of Xenon: Conformational Selection Evidence from 129
Xe-1
H NMR SPINOE Experiments. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:1561-1568. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Berthault
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS; Université de Paris Saclay, CEA Saclay; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Céline Boutin
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS; Université de Paris Saclay, CEA Saclay; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Estelle Léonce
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS; Université de Paris Saclay, CEA Saclay; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Erwann Jeanneau
- Centre de Diffractométrie Henri Longchambon; Université de Lyon 1; 5 rue la Doua 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Thierry Brotin
- Laboratoire de Chimie de L'ENS LYON (UMR 5182); Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; 46, Allée D'Italie 69364 Lyon cedex 07 France
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24
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Yang S, Yuan Y, Jiang W, Ren L, Deng H, Bouchard LS, Zhou X, Liu M. Hyperpolarized 129
Xe Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sensor for H2
S. Chemistry 2017; 23:7648-7652. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Yaping Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Weiping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Lili Ren
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - He Deng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Louis S. Bouchard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, The Molecular Biology Institute; University of California; Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Maili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071 China
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25
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Zeng Q, Guo Q, Yuan Y, Yang Y, Zhang B, Ren L, Zhang X, Luo Q, Liu M, Bouchard LS, Zhou X. Mitochondria Targeted and Intracellular Biothiol Triggered Hyperpolarized 129Xe Magnetofluorescent Biosensor. Anal Chem 2017; 89:2288-2295. [PMID: 28192930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Biothiols such as gluthathione (GSH), cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy), and thioredoxin (Trx) play vital roles in cellular metabolism. Various diseases are associated with abnormal cellular biothiol levels. Thus, the intracellular detection of biothiol levels could be a useful diagnostic tool. A number of methods have been developed to detect intracellular thiols, but sensitivity and specificity problems have limited their applications. To address these limitations, we have designed a new biosensor based on hyperpolarized xenon magnetic resonance detection, which can be used to detect biothiol levels noninvasively. The biosensor is a multimodal probe that incorporates a cryptophane-A cage as 129Xe NMR reporter, a naphthalimide moiety as fluorescence reporter, a disulfide bond as thiol-specific cleavable group, and a triphenylphosphonium moiety as mitochondria targeting unit. When the biosensor interacts with biothiols, disulfide bond cleavage leads to enhancements in the fluorescence intensity and changes in the 129Xe chemical shift. Using Hyper-CEST (chemical exchange saturation transfer) NMR, our biosensor shows a low detection limit at picomolar (10-10 M) concentration, which makes a promise to detect thiols in cells. The biosensor can detect biothiol effectively in live cells and shows good targeting ability to the mitochondria. This new approach not only offers a practical technique to detect thiols in live cells, but may also present an excellent in vivo test platform for xenon biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianni Guo
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Ren
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Maili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Louis-S Bouchard
- California Nano Systems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Molecular Biology Institute, Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and of Bioengineering, University of California , Los Angeles California 90095, United States
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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26
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Barskiy DA, Coffey AM, Nikolaou P, Mikhaylov DM, Goodson BM, Branca RT, Lu GJ, Shapiro MG, Telkki VV, Zhivonitko VV, Koptyug IV, Salnikov OG, Kovtunov KV, Bukhtiyarov VI, Rosen MS, Barlow MJ, Safavi S, Hall IP, Schröder L, Chekmenev EY. NMR Hyperpolarization Techniques of Gases. Chemistry 2017; 23:725-751. [PMID: 27711999 PMCID: PMC5462469 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear spin polarization can be significantly increased through the process of hyperpolarization, leading to an increase in the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments by 4-8 orders of magnitude. Hyperpolarized gases, unlike liquids and solids, can often be readily separated and purified from the compounds used to mediate the hyperpolarization processes. These pure hyperpolarized gases enabled many novel MRI applications including the visualization of void spaces, imaging of lung function, and remote detection. Additionally, hyperpolarized gases can be dissolved in liquids and can be used as sensitive molecular probes and reporters. This Minireview covers the fundamentals of the preparation of hyperpolarized gases and focuses on selected applications of interest to biomedicine and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila A Barskiy
- Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Aaron M Coffey
- Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Panayiotis Nikolaou
- Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | | | - Boyd M Goodson
- Southern Illinois University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Technology Center, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Rosa T Branca
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - George J Lu
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Mikhail G Shapiro
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | | | - Vladimir V Zhivonitko
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg G Salnikov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valerii I Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Matthew S Rosen
- MGH/A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Michael J Barlow
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Shahideh Safavi
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Ian P Hall
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Leif Schröder
- Molecular Imaging, Department of Structural Biology, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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27
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Mari E, Berthault P. 129Xe NMR-based sensors: biological applications and recent methods. Analyst 2017; 142:3298-3308. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an01088e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Molecular systems that target analytes of interest and host spin-hyperpolarized xenon lead to powerful 129Xe NMR-based sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Mari
- NIMBE
- CEA
- CNRS
- Université de Paris Saclay
- CEA Saclay
| | - P. Berthault
- NIMBE
- CEA
- CNRS
- Université de Paris Saclay
- CEA Saclay
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28
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Abstract
![]()
Molecular imaging holds considerable promise for elucidating biological
processes in normal physiology as well as disease states, by determining
the location and relative concentration of specific molecules of interest.
Proton-based magnetic resonance imaging (1H MRI) is nonionizing
and provides good spatial resolution for clinical imaging but lacks
sensitivity for imaging low-abundance (i.e., submicromolar) molecular
markers of disease or environments with low proton densities. To address
these limitations, hyperpolarized (hp) 129Xe NMR spectroscopy
and MRI have emerged as attractive complementary methodologies. Hyperpolarized
xenon is nontoxic and can be readily delivered to patients via inhalation
or injection, and improved xenon hyperpolarization technology makes
it feasible to image the lungs and brain for clinical applications. In order to target hp 129Xe to biomolecular targets
of interest, the concept of “xenon biosensing” was first
proposed by a Berkeley team in 2001. The development of xenon biosensors
has since focused on modifying organic host molecules (e.g., cryptophanes)
via diverse conjugation chemistries and has brought about numerous
sensing applications including the detection of peptides, proteins,
oligonucleotides, metal ions, chemical modifications, and enzyme activity.
Moreover, the large (∼300 ppm) chemical shift window for hp 129Xe bound to host molecules in water makes possible the simultaneous
identification of multiple species in solution, that is, multiplexing.
Beyond hyperpolarization, a 106-fold signal enhancement
can be achieved through a technique known as hyperpolarized 129Xe chemical exchange saturation transfer (hyper-CEST), which shows
great potential to meet the sensitivity requirement in many applications. This Account highlights an expanded palette of hyper-CEST biosensors,
which now includes cryptophane and cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) small-molecule
hosts, as well as genetically encoded gas vesicles and single proteins.
In 2015, we reported picomolar detection of commercially available
CB[6] via hyper-CEST. Inspired by the versatile host–guest
chemistry of CB[6], our lab and others developed “turn-on”
strategies for CB[6]-hyper-CEST biosensing, demonstrating detection
of protein analytes in complex media and specific chemical events.
CB[6] is starting to be employed for in vivo imaging
applications. We also recently determined that TEM-1 β-lactamase
can function as a single-protein reporter for hyper-CEST and observed
useful saturation contrast for β-lactamase expressed in bacterial
and mammalian cells. These newly developed small-molecule and genetically
encoded xenon biosensors offer significant potential to extend the
scope of hp 129Xe toward molecular MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South
34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ivan J. Dmochowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South
34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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29
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Yang S, Jiang W, Ren L, Yuan Y, Zhang B, Luo Q, Guo Q, Bouchard LS, Liu M, Zhou X. Biothiol Xenon MRI Sensor Based on Thiol-Addition Reaction. Anal Chem 2016; 88:5835-40. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of
Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Weiping Jiang
- Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of
Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lili Ren
- Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of
Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yaping Yuan
- Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of
Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of
Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of
Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qianni Guo
- Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of
Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Louis-S. Bouchard
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, The
Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Maili Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of
Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key
Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of
Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
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30
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Hane FT, Smylie PS, Li T, Ruberto J, Dowhos K, Ball I, Tomanek B, DeBoef B, Albert MS. HyperCEST detection of cucurbit[6]uril in whole blood using an ultrashort saturation Pre-pulse train. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2016; 11:285-90. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francis T. Hane
- Lakehead University; Department of Chemistry; 955 Oliver Rd Thunder Bay ON P7B 5E1 Canada
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute; 980 Oliver Rd Thunder Bay ON P7B 5E1 Canada
| | - Peter S. Smylie
- Lakehead University; Department of Chemistry; 955 Oliver Rd Thunder Bay ON P7B 5E1 Canada
| | - Tao Li
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute; 980 Oliver Rd Thunder Bay ON P7B 5E1 Canada
| | - Julia Ruberto
- Lakehead University; Department of Chemistry; 955 Oliver Rd Thunder Bay ON P7B 5E1 Canada
| | - Krista Dowhos
- Lakehead University; Department of Chemistry; 955 Oliver Rd Thunder Bay ON P7B 5E1 Canada
| | - Iain Ball
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute; 980 Oliver Rd Thunder Bay ON P7B 5E1 Canada
- Philips Healthcare; 65 Epping Road North Ryde NSW 2113 Australia
| | - Boguslaw Tomanek
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute; 980 Oliver Rd Thunder Bay ON P7B 5E1 Canada
- University of Alberta; Department of Oncology; 11560 University Avenue Edmonton Alberta T6G 1Z2 Canada
| | - Brenton DeBoef
- University of Rhode Island; Department of Chemistry; 51 Lower College Rd Kingston RI 02881 USA
| | - Mitchell S. Albert
- Lakehead University; Department of Chemistry; 955 Oliver Rd Thunder Bay ON P7B 5E1 Canada
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute; 980 Oliver Rd Thunder Bay ON P7B 5E1 Canada
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31
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Truxal AE, Slack CC, Gomes MD, Vassiliou CC, Wemmer DE, Pines A. Nondisruptive Dissolution of Hyperpolarized
129
Xe into Viscous Aqueous and Organic Liquid Crystalline Environments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E. Truxal
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
- Material Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
| | - Clancy C. Slack
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
- Material Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
| | - Muller D. Gomes
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
- Material Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
| | - Christophoros C. Vassiliou
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
- Material Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
| | - David E. Wemmer
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
| | - Alexander Pines
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
- Material Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
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32
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Korchak S, Kilian W, Schröder L, Mitschang L. Design and comparison of exchange spectroscopy approaches to cryptophane-xenon host-guest kinetics. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2016; 265:139-145. [PMID: 26896869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Exchange spectroscopy is used in combination with a variation of xenon concentration to disentangle the kinetics of the reversible binding of xenon to cryptophane-A. The signal intensity of either free or crytophane-bound xenon decays in a manner characteristic of the underlying exchange reactions when the spins in the other pool are perturbed. Three experimental approaches, including the well-known Hyper-CEST method, are shown to effectively entail a simple linear dependence of the signal depletion rate, or of a related quantity, on free xenon concentration. This occurs when using spin pool saturation or inversion followed by free exchange. The identification and quantification of contributions to the binding kinetics is then straightforward: in the depletion rate plot, the intercept at the vanishing free xenon concentration represents the kinetic rate coefficient for xenon detachment from the host by dissociative processes while the slope is indicative of the kinetic rate coefficient for degenerate exchange reactions. Comparing quantified kinetic rates for hyperpolarized xenon in aqueous solution reveals the high accuracy of each approach but also shows differences in the precision of the numerical results and in the requirements for prior knowledge. Because of their broad range of applicability the proposed exchange spectroscopy experiments can be readily used to unravel the kinetics of complex formation of xenon with host molecules in the various situations appearing in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Korchak
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin, Division of Medical Physics and Metrological Information Technology, Abbestr. 2 - 12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kilian
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin, Division of Medical Physics and Metrological Information Technology, Abbestr. 2 - 12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif Schröder
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lorenz Mitschang
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin, Division of Medical Physics and Metrological Information Technology, Abbestr. 2 - 12, 10587 Berlin, Germany.
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33
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Truxal AE, Slack CC, Gomes MD, Vassiliou CC, Wemmer DE, Pines A. Nondisruptive Dissolution of Hyperpolarized (129)Xe into Viscous Aqueous and Organic Liquid Crystalline Environments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4666-70. [PMID: 26954536 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Studies of hyperpolarized xenon-129 (hp-(129)Xe) in media such as liquid crystals and cell suspensions are in demand for applications ranging from biomedical imaging to materials engineering but have been hindered by the inability to bubble Xe through the desired media as a result of viscosity or perturbations caused by bubbles. Herein a device is reported that can be reliably used to dissolve hp-(129)Xe into viscous aqueous and organic samples without bubbling. This method is robust, requires small sample volumes (<60 μL), is compatible with existing NMR hardware, and is made from readily available materials. Experiments show that Xe can be introduced into viscous and aligned media without disrupting molecular order. We detected dissolved xenon in an aqueous liquid crystal that is disrupted by the shear forces of bubbling, and we observed liquid-crystal phase transitions in (MBBA). This tool allows an entirely new class of samples to be investigated by hyperpolarized-gas NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E Truxal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA.,Material Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
| | - Clancy C Slack
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA.,Material Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
| | - Muller D Gomes
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA.,Material Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
| | - Christophoros C Vassiliou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA.,Material Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
| | - David E Wemmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA.,Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
| | - Alexander Pines
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA. .,Material Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA.
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34
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Steiner E, Brotin T, Takacs Z, Kowalewski J. Chemical Shielding Anisotropies for Chloroform Exchanging between a Free Site and a Complex with Cryptophane-D: A Cross-Correlated NMR Relaxation Study. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:11760-7. [PMID: 26266582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b05218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The case of (13)C-labeled chloroform exchanging between a free site in solution and the encaged site within the cryptophane-D cavity is investigated using the measurements of longitudinal cross-correlated relaxation rates, involving the interference of the dipole-dipole and chemical shielding anisotropy interactions. A compact theoretical expression is provided, along with an experimental protocol, based on INEPT (insensitive nuclei enhanced by polarization)-enhanced double-quantum-filtered inversion recovery measurements. The analysis of the build-up curves results in a set of cross-correlated relaxation rates for both the (13)C and (1)H spins at the two sites. It is demonstrated that the results can be given a consistent interpretation in terms of molecular-level properties, such as rotational correlation times, the Lipari-Szabo order parameter, and interaction strength constants. The analysis yields the bound-site carbon-13 chemical shielding anisotropy, ΔσC = -58 ± 8 ppm, in good agreement with most recent liquid-crystal measurements and the corresponding proton shielding anisotropy, ΔσH = 14 ± 2 ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Steiner
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thierry Brotin
- Laboratoire de Chimie, (CNRS-UMR 5182) Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, F-69364 Lyon cedex 07, France
| | - Zoltan Takacs
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jozef Kowalewski
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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35
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Chapellet LL, Cochrane JR, Mari E, Boutin C, Berthault P, Brotin T. Synthesis of Cryptophanes with Two Different Reaction Sites: Chemical Platforms for Xenon Biosensing. J Org Chem 2015; 80:6143-51. [PMID: 26020365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of new water-soluble cryptophane host molecules that can be used for the preparation of (129)Xe NMR-based biosensors. We show that the cryptophane-223 skeleton can be modified to introduce a unique secondary alcohol to the propylenedioxy linker. This chemical functionality can then be exploited to introduce a functional group that is different from the six chemical groups attached to the aromatic rings. In this approach, the generation of a statistical mixture when trying to selectively functionalize a symmetrical host molecule is eliminated, which enables the efficient large-scale production of new cryptophanes that can be used as chemical platforms ready to use for the preparation of xenon biosensors. To illustrate this approach, two molecular platforms have been prepared, and the ability of these new derivatives to bind xenon has been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure-Lise Chapellet
- †Laboratoire de Chimie de l'ENS LYON, UMR 5182 - CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - James R Cochrane
- †Laboratoire de Chimie de l'ENS LYON, UMR 5182 - CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Emilie Mari
- ‡Laboratoire Structure et Dynamique par Résonance Magnétique, CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE UMR CEA/CNRS 3685, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Céline Boutin
- ‡Laboratoire Structure et Dynamique par Résonance Magnétique, CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE UMR CEA/CNRS 3685, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Patrick Berthault
- ‡Laboratoire Structure et Dynamique par Résonance Magnétique, CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE UMR CEA/CNRS 3685, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Thierry Brotin
- †Laboratoire de Chimie de l'ENS LYON, UMR 5182 - CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
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36
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Abstract
Here we present a "smart" xenon-129 NMR biosensor that undergoes a peptide conformational change and labels cells in acidic environments. To a cryptophane host molecule with high Xe affinity, we conjugated a 30mer EALA-repeat peptide that is α-helical at pH 5.5 and disordered at pH 7.5. The (129)Xe NMR chemical shift at room temperature was strongly pH-dependent (Δδ = 3.4 ppm): δ = 64.2 ppm at pH 7.5 vs δ = 67.6 ppm at pH 5.5, where Trp(peptide)-cryptophane interactions were evidenced by Trp fluorescence quenching. Using hyper-CEST NMR, we probed peptidocryptophane detection limits at low-picomolar (10(-11) M) concentration, which compares favorably to other NMR pH reporters at 10(-2)-10(-3) M. Finally, in biosensor-HeLa cell solutions, peptide-cell membrane insertion at pH 5.5 generated a 13.4 ppm downfield cryptophane-(129)Xe NMR chemical shift relative to pH 7.5 studies. This highlights new uses for (129)Xe as an ultrasensitive probe of peptide structure and function, along with potential applications for pH-dependent cell labeling in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany A. Riggle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Yanfei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Ivan J. Dmochowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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37
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Khan N, Riggle BA, Seward GK, Bai Y, Dmochowski IJ. Cryptophane-folate biosensor for (129)xe NMR. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:101-9. [PMID: 25438187 PMCID: PMC4306503 DOI: 10.1021/bc5005526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Folate-conjugated cryptophane was developed for targeting cryptophane to membrane-bound folate receptors that are overexpressed in many human cancers. The cryptophane biosensor was synthesized in 20 nonlinear steps, which included functionalization with folate recognition moiety, solubilizing peptide, and Cy3 fluorophore. Hyperpolarized (129)Xe NMR studies confirmed xenon binding to the folate-conjugated cryptophane. Cellular internalization of biosensor was monitored by confocal laser scanning microscopy and quantified by flow cytometry. Competitive blocking studies confirmed cryptophane endocytosis through a folate receptor-mediated pathway. Flow cytometry revealed 10-fold higher cellular internalization in KB cancer cells overexpressing folate receptors compared to HT-1080 cells with normal folate receptor expression. The biosensor was determined to be nontoxic in HT-1080 and KB cells by MTT assay at low micromolar concentrations typically used for hyperpolarized (129)Xe NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najat
S. Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Brittany A. Riggle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Garry K. Seward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yubin Bai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ivan J. Dmochowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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38
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Schnurr M, Sydow K, Rose HM, Dathe M, Schröder L. Brain endothelial cell targeting via a peptide-functionalized liposomal carrier for xenon hyper-CEST MRI. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:40-5. [PMID: 24985966 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A nanoparticulate carrier system is used to efficiently deliver a contrast agent for highly sensitive xenon Hyper-CEST MRI. The carrier system not only improves the biocompatibility and solubility of the contrast agent, it also allows selective cell targeting as demonstrated by the discrimination of human brain capillary and aortic endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schnurr
- ERC Project BiosensorImaging; Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie; Robert-Rössle-Str. 10 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Karl Sydow
- Peptide-Lipid Interaction; Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie; Robert-Rössle-Str. 10 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Honor May Rose
- ERC Project BiosensorImaging; Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie; Robert-Rössle-Str. 10 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Margitta Dathe
- Peptide-Lipid Interaction; Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie; Robert-Rössle-Str. 10 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Leif Schröder
- ERC Project BiosensorImaging; Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie; Robert-Rössle-Str. 10 13125 Berlin Germany
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39
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Kotera N, Dubost E, Milanole G, Doris E, Gravel E, Arhel N, Brotin T, Dutasta JP, Cochrane J, Mari E, Boutin C, Léonce E, Berthault P, Rousseau B. A doubly responsive probe for the detection of Cys4-tagged proteins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:11482-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04721h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A biosensor for bimodal detection of recombinant Cys-tagged proteins via fluorescence and hyperpolarized 129Xe NMR is presented. Interaction with a peptide containing the motif Cys–Cys–X–X–Cys–Cys activates both fluorescence and NMR responses.
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40
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Korchak S, Kilian W, Mitschang L. Degeneracy in cryptophane–xenon complex formation in aqueous solution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:1721-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc08601e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Degenerate exchange prevails in the cryptophane-A–xenon host–guest system in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Korchak
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt
- Division of Medical Physics and Metrological Information Technology
- 10587 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kilian
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt
- Division of Medical Physics and Metrological Information Technology
- 10587 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Lorenz Mitschang
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt
- Division of Medical Physics and Metrological Information Technology
- 10587 Berlin
- Germany
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41
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Klippel S, Freund C, Schröder L. Multichannel MRI labeling of mammalian cells by switchable nanocarriers for hyperpolarized xenon. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:5721-5726. [PMID: 25247378 DOI: 10.1021/nl502498w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a concept for multichannel MRI cell-labeling using encapsulated laser-polarized xenon. Conceptually different Xe trapping properties of two nanocarriers, namely macrocyclic cages as individual hosts or compartmentalization into nanodroplets, ensure a large chemical shift separation for Xe bound in either of the carriers even after cellular internalization. Two differently labeled mammalian cell populations were imaged by frequency selective saturation transfer resulting in a switchable "two-color" xenon-MRI contrast at micro- to nanomolar Xe carrier concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Klippel
- ERC Project BiosensorImaging, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) , 13125 Berlin, Germany
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42
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Döpfert J, Witte C, Kunth M, Schröder L. Sensitivity enhancement of (Hyper-)CEST image series by exploiting redundancies in the spectral domain. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2014; 9:100-7. [PMID: 24470299 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CEST has proven to be a valuable technique for the detection of hyperpolarized xenon-based functionalized contrast agents. Additional information can be encoded in the spectral dimension, allowing the simultaneous detection of multiple different biosensors. However, owing to the low concentration of dissolved xenon in biological tissue, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of Hyper-CEST data is still a critical issue. In this work, we present two techniques aiming to increase SNR by exploiting the typically high redundancy in spectral CEST image series: PCA-based post-processing and sub-sampled acquisition with low-rank reconstruction. Each of them yields a significant SNR enhancement, demonstrating the feasibility of the two approaches. While the first method is directly applicable to proton CEST experiments as well, the second one is particularly beneficial when dealing with hyperpolarized nuclei, since it distributes the non-renewable initial polarization more efficiently over the sampling points. The results obtained are a further step towards the detection of xenon biosensors with spectral Hyper-CEST imaging in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Döpfert
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
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43
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Tyagi R, Witte C, Haag R, Schröder L. Dendronized Cryptophanes as Water-Soluble Xenon Hosts for 129Xe Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Org Lett 2014; 16:4436-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501951z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Tyagi
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Christopher Witte
- ERC
Project BiosensorImaging, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Leif Schröder
- ERC
Project BiosensorImaging, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, Berlin, Germany
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44
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Lerche MH, Jensen PR, Karlsson M, Meier S. NMR insights into the inner workings of living cells. Anal Chem 2014; 87:119-32. [PMID: 25084065 DOI: 10.1021/ac501467x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde H Lerche
- Albeda Research , Gamle Carlsberg Vej 10, 1799 Copenhagen V, Denmark
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45
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Development of an antibody-based, modular biosensor for 129Xe NMR molecular imaging of cells at nanomolar concentrations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:11697-702. [PMID: 25071165 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1406797111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is seriously limited when aiming for visualization of targeted contrast agents. Images are reconstructed from the weak diamagnetic properties of the sample and require an abundant molecule like water as the reporter. Micromolar to millimolar concentrations of conventional contrast agents are needed to generate image contrast, thus excluding many molecular markers as potential targets. To address this limitation, we developed and characterized a functional xenon NMR biosensor that can identify a specific cell surface marker by targeted (129)Xe MRI. Cells expressing the cell surface protein CD14 can be spatially distinguished from control cells with incorporation of as little as 20 nM of the xenon MRI readout unit, cryptophane-A. Cryptophane-A serves as a chemical host for hyperpolarized nuclei and facilitates the sensitivity enhancement achieved by xenon MRI. Although this paper describes the application of a CD14-specific biosensor, the construct has been designed in a versatile, modular fashion. This allows for quick and easy adaptation of the biosensor to any cell surface target for which there is a specific antibody. In addition, the modular design facilitates the creation of a multifunctional probe that incorporates readout modules for different detection methods, such as fluorescence, to complement the primary MRI readout. This modular antibody-based approach not only offers a practical technique with which to screen targets, but one which can be readily applied as the xenon MRI field moves closer to molecular imaging applications in vivo.
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46
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Zhang J, Jiang W, Luo Q, Zhang X, Guo Q, Liu M, Zhou X. Rational design of hyperpolarized xenon NMR molecular sensor for the selective and sensitive determination of zinc ions. Talanta 2014; 122:101-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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47
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Taratula O, Bai Y, D'Antonio EL, Dmochowski IJ. Enantiopure Cryptophane- 129Xe Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Biosensors Targeting Carbonic Anhydrase. Supramol Chem 2014; 27:65-71. [PMID: 25506191 DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2014.906601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The (+) and (-) enantiomers for a cryptophane-7-bond-linker-benzenesulfonamide biosensor (C7B) were synthesized and their chirality confirmed by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy. Biosensor binding to carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) was characterized for both enantiomers by hyperpolarized (hp) 129Xe NMR spectroscopy. Our previous study of the racemic (+/-) C7B biosensor-CAII complex [Chambers, et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 563-569], identified two "bound" 129Xe@C7B peaks by hp 129Xe NMR (at 71 and 67 ppm, relative to "free" biosensor at 64 ppm), which led to the initial hypothesis that (+) and (-) enantiomers produce diastereomeric peaks when coordinated to Zn2+ at the chiral CAII active site. Unexpectedly, the single enantiomers complexed with CAII also identified two "bound" 129Xe@C7B peaks: (+) 72, 68 ppm and (-) 68, 67 ppm. These results are consistent with X-ray crystallographic evidence for benzenesulfonamide inhibitors occupying a second site near the CAII surface. As illustrated by our studies of this model protein-ligand interaction, hp 129Xe NMR spectroscopy can be useful for identifying supramolecular assemblies in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Taratula
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Yubin Bai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Edward L D'Antonio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Ivan J Dmochowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104
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48
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Palaniappan KK, Francis MB, Pines A, Wemmer DE. Molecular Sensing Using Hyperpolarized Xenon NMR Spectroscopy. Isr J Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201300128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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49
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Tassali N, Kotera N, Boutin C, Léonce E, Boulard Y, Rousseau B, Dubost E, Taran F, Brotin T, Dutasta JP, Berthault P. Smart Detection of Toxic Metal Ions, Pb2+ and Cd2+, Using a 129Xe NMR-Based Sensor. Anal Chem 2014; 86:1783-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac403669p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nawal Tassali
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE, UMR CEA/CNRS 3299, Laboratoire Structure et Dynamique par Résonance Magnétique, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Naoko Kotera
- CEA Saclay, iBiTec-S, SCBM, Building 547, PC No. 108, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Céline Boutin
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE, UMR CEA/CNRS 3299, Laboratoire Structure et Dynamique par Résonance Magnétique, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Estelle Léonce
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE, UMR CEA/CNRS 3299, Laboratoire Structure et Dynamique par Résonance Magnétique, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Yves Boulard
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE, UMR CEA/CNRS 3299, Laboratoire Structure et Dynamique par Résonance Magnétique, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Bernard Rousseau
- CEA Saclay, iBiTec-S, SCBM, Building 547, PC No. 108, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Emmanuelle Dubost
- CEA Saclay, iBiTec-S, SCBM, Building 547, PC No. 108, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- CEA Saclay, iBiTec-S, SCBM, Building 547, PC No. 108, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Thierry Brotin
- Laboratoire de Chimie, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Dutasta
- Laboratoire de Chimie, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Patrick Berthault
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE, UMR CEA/CNRS 3299, Laboratoire Structure et Dynamique par Résonance Magnétique, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
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50
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Bai Y, Wang Y, Goulian M, Driks A, Dmochowski IJ. Bacterial spore detection and analysis using hyperpolarized 129Xe chemical exchange saturation transfer (Hyper-CEST) NMR. Chem Sci 2014; 5:3197-3203. [PMID: 25089181 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc01190b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported hyperpolarized 129Xe chemical exchange saturation transfer (Hyper-CEST) NMR techniques for the ultrasensitive (i.e., 1 picomolar) detection of xenon host molecules known as cryptophane. Here, we demonstrate a more general role for Hyper-CEST NMR as a spectroscopic method for probing nanoporous structures, without the requirement for cryptophane or engineered xenon-binding sites. Hyper-CEST 129Xe NMR spectroscopy was employed to detect Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus subtilis spores in solution, and interrogate the layers that comprise their structures. 129Xe-spore samples were selectively irradiated with radiofrequency pulses; the depolarized 129Xe returned to aqueous solution and depleted the 129Xe-water signal, providing measurable contrast. Removal of the outermost spore layers in B. anthracis and B. subtilis (the exosporium and coat, respectively) enhanced 129Xe exchange with the spore interior. Notably, the spores were invisible to hyperpolarized 129Xe NMR direct detection methods, highlighting the lack of high-affinity xenon-binding sites, and the potential for extending Hyper-CEST NMR structural analysis to other biological and synthetic nanoporous structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Bai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Yanfei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Mark Goulian
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Adam Driks
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois 60153, USA
| | - Ivan J Dmochowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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