1
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Pota G, Armanetti P, Silvestri B, de Gennaro B, Zanfardino A, Napoli MD, Varcamonti M, Landi G, Pezzella A, Costantini A, Luciani G, Menichetti L. Biosustainable Hybrid Nanoplatforms as Photoacoustic Agents. Macromol Biosci 2024:e2400013. [PMID: 38509742 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202400013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The development of biosafe theranostic nanoplatforms has attracted great attention due to their multifunctional behavior, reduced potential toxicity, and improved long-term safety. When considering photoacoustic contrast agents and photothermal conversion tools, melanin and constructs like melanin are highly appealing due to their ability to absorb optical energy and convert it into heat. Following a sustainable approach, in this study, silver-melanin like-silica nanoplatforms are synthesized exploiting different bio-available and inexpensive phenolic acids as potential melanogenic precursors and exploring their role in tuning the final systems architecture. The UV-Vis combined with X-Ray Diffraction investigation proves metallic silver formation, while Transmission Electron Microscopy analysis reveals that different morphologies can be obtained by properly selecting the phenolic precursors. By looking at the characterization results, a tentative formation mechanism is proposed to explain how phenolic precursors' redox behavior may affect the nanoplatforms' structure. The antibacterial activity experiments showed that all synthesized systems have a strong inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli, even at low concentrations. Furthermore, very sensitive Photoacoustic Imaging capabilities and significant photothermal behavior under laser irradiation are exhibited. Finally, a marked influence of phenol nature on the final system architecture is revealed resulting in a significant effect on both biological and photoacoustic features of the obtained systems. These melanin-based hybrid systems exhibit excellent potential as triggerable nanoplatforms for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Pota
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V.Tecchio, 80, Naples, NA, 80125, Italy
| | - Paolo Armanetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, indirizzo Via G.Moruzzi 1, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Brigida Silvestri
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio, 21, Naples, NA, 80125, Italy
| | - Bruno de Gennaro
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V.Tecchio, 80, Naples, NA, 80125, Italy
| | - Anna Zanfardino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia, 21, Naples, 80126, Italy
| | - Michela Di Napoli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia, 21, Naples, 80126, Italy
| | - Mario Varcamonti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia, 21, Naples, 80126, Italy
| | - Gianluca Landi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l'Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili STEMS-CNR, Via Guglielmo Marconi, 4, Naples, 80125, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti, 9, Florence, 50121, Italy
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), CNR, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, Pozzuoli, NA, 80078, Italy
- Department of Physics Ettore Pancini, University of Naples Federico II, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia, 21, Naples, 80126, Italy
| | - Aniello Costantini
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V.Tecchio, 80, Naples, NA, 80125, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Luciani
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V.Tecchio, 80, Naples, NA, 80125, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, indirizzo Via G.Moruzzi 1, Pisa, 56124, Italy
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2
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Vagaggini C, Petroni D, D'Agostino I, Poggialini F, Cavallini C, Cianciusi A, Salis A, D'Antona L, Francesconi V, Manetti F, Damonte G, Musumeci F, Menichetti L, Dreassi E, Carbone A, Schenone S. Early investigation of a novel SI306 theranostic prodrug for glioblastoma treatment. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22158. [PMID: 38349262 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive malignancies with a high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. Theranostic, combining therapeutic and diagnostic approaches, arises as a successful strategy to improve patient outcomes through personalized medicine. Src is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase (nRTK) whose involvement in GBM has been extensively demonstrated. Our previous research highlighted the effectiveness of the pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine SI306 and its more soluble prodrug CMP1 as Src inhibitors both in in vitro and in vivo GBM models. In this scenario, we decided to develop a theranostic prodrug of SI306, ProSI-DOTA(68 Ga) 1, which was designed to target GBM cells after hydrolysis and follow-up on the disease's progression and improve the therapy's outcome. First, the corresponding nonradioactive prodrug 2 was tested to evaluate its ADME profile and biological activity. It showed good metabolic stability, no inhibition of CYP3A4, suboptimal aqueous solubility, and slight gastrointestinal and blood-brain barrier passive permeability. Compound 2 exhibited a drastic reduction of cell vitality after 72 h on two different GBM cell lines (GL261 and U87MG). Then, 2 was subjected to complexation with the radionuclide Gallium-68 to give ProSI-DOTA(68 Ga) 1. The cellular uptake of 1 was evaluated on GBM cells, highlighting a slight but significant time-dependent uptake. The data obtained from our preliminary studies reflect the physiochemical properties of 1. The use of an alternative route of administration, such as the intranasal route, could overcome the physiochemical limitations and enhance the pharmacokinetic properties of 1, paving the way for its future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Vagaggini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Debora Petroni
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilaria D'Agostino
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Federica Poggialini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavallini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Annalisa Salis
- DIMES, Section of Biochemistry, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Lucia D'Antona
- Medical Genetics Unit, Mater Domini University Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Manetti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Gianluca Damonte
- DIMES, Section of Biochemistry, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Dreassi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Anna Carbone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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3
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Baglini E, Poggetti V, Cavallini C, Petroni D, Forini F, Nicolini G, Barresi E, Salerno S, Costa B, Iozzo P, Neglia D, Menichetti L, Taliani S, Da Settimo F. Targeting the Translocator Protein (18 kDa) in Cardiac Diseases: State of the Art and Future Opportunities. J Med Chem 2024; 67:17-37. [PMID: 38113353 PMCID: PMC10911791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria dysfunctions are typical hallmarks of cardiac disorders (CDs). The multiple tasks of this energy-producing organelle are well documented, but its pathophysiologic involvement in several manifestations of heart diseases, such as altered electromechanical coupling, excitability, and arrhythmias, is still under investigation. The human 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is a protein located on the outer mitochondrial membrane whose expression is altered in different pathological conditions, including CDs, making it an attractive therapeutic and diagnostic target. Currently, only a few TSPO ligands are employed in CDs and cardiac imaging. In this Perspective, we report an overview of the emerging role of TSPO at the heart level, focusing on the recent literature concerning the development of TSPO ligands used for fighting and imaging heart-related disease conditions. Accordingly, targeting TSPO might represent a successful strategy to achieve novel therapeutic and diagnostic strategies to unravel the fundamental mechanisms and to provide solutions to still unanswered questions in CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Baglini
- Institute
of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy, CNR Research Area, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Valeria Poggetti
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavallini
- Institute
of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy, CNR Research Area, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Debora Petroni
- Institute
of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy, CNR Research Area, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Francesca Forini
- Institute
of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy, CNR Research Area, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Nicolini
- Institute
of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy, CNR Research Area, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Barresi
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Silvia Salerno
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Barbara Costa
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Patricia Iozzo
- Institute
of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy, CNR Research Area, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Danilo Neglia
- Fondazione
CNR/Regione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Cardiovascular and Imaging
Departments, CNR Research Area, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute
of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy, CNR Research Area, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Sabrina Taliani
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Federico Da Settimo
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa 56126, Italy
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4
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Carrese B, Cavallini C, Armanetti P, Silvestri B, Calì G, Luciani G, Sanità G, Menichetti L, Lamberti A. Hybrid Nanoparticle-Assisted Chemo-Photothermal Therapy and Photoacoustic Imaging in a Three-Dimensional Breast Cancer Cell Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17374. [PMID: 38139203 PMCID: PMC10743567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioinspired nanoparticles have recently been gaining attention as promising multifunctional nanoplatforms for therapeutic applications in cancer, including breast cancer. Here, the efficiency of the chemo-photothermal and photoacoustic properties of hybrid albumin-modified nanoparticles (HSA-NPs) loaded with doxorubicin was evaluated in a three-dimensional breast cancer cell model. The HSA-NPs showed a higher uptake and deeper penetration into breast cancer spheroids than healthy breast cell 3D cultures. Confocal microscopy revealed that, in tumour spheroids incubated with doxorubicin-loaded NPs for 16 h, doxorubicin was mainly localised in the cytoplasm, while a strong signal was detectable at the nuclear level after 24 h, suggesting a time-dependent uptake. To evaluate the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin-loaded NPs, tumour spheroids were treated for up to 96 h with increasing concentrations of NPs, showing marked toxicity only at the highest concentration of doxorubicin. When doxorubicin administration was combined with laser photothermal irradiation, enhanced cytotoxicity was observed at lower concentrations and incubation times. Finally, the photoacoustic properties of doxorubicin-loaded NPs were evaluated in tumour spheroids, showing a detectable signal increasing with NP concentration. Overall, our data show that the combined effect of chemo-photothermal therapy results in a shorter exposure time to doxorubicin and a lower drug dose. Furthermore, owing to the photoacoustic properties of the NPs, this nanoplatform may represent a good candidate for theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Carrese
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavallini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Armanetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Brigida Silvestri
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Calì
- Institute of Endocrinology and Molecular Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Luciani
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Sanità
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems—Unit of Naples, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Annalisa Lamberti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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5
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Silvestri B, Armanetti P, Pota G, Vitiello G, Pezzella A, Menichetti L, Giannini V, Luciani G. Enhanced Photoacoustic Response by Synergistic Ag-Melanin Interplay at the Core of Ternary Biocompatible Hybrid Silica-Based Nanoparticles. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:46756-46764. [PMID: 37774145 PMCID: PMC10571004 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustics (PA) is gaining increasing credit among biomolecular imaging methodologies by virtue of its poor invasiveness, deep penetration, high spatial resolution, and excellent endogenous contrast, without the use of any ionizing radiation. Recently, we disclosed the excellent PA response of a self-structured biocompatible nanoprobe, consisting of ternary hybrid nanoparticles with a silver core and a melanin component embedded into a silica matrix. Although preliminary evidence suggested a crucial role of the Ag sonophore and the melanin-containing nanoenvironment, whether and in what manner the PA response is controlled and affected by the self-structured hybrid nanosystems remained unclear. Because of their potential as multifunctional platforms for biomedical applications, a detailed investigation of the metal-polymer-matrix interplay underlying the PA response was undertaken to understand the physical and chemical factors determining the enhanced response and to optimize the architecture, composition, and performance of the nanoparticles for efficient imaging applications. Herein, we provide the evidence for a strong synergistic interaction between eumelanin and Ag which suggests an important role in the in situ-generated metal-organic interface. In particular, we show that a strict ratio between melanin and silver precursors and an accurate choice of metal nanoparticle dimension and the kind of metal are essential for achieving strong enhancements of the PA response. Systematic variation of the metal/melanin component is thus shown to offer the means of tuning the stability and intensity of the photoacoustic response for various biomedical and theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigida Silvestri
- Department
of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Fuorigrotta, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Armanetti
- Institute
of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulio Pota
- Department
of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples “Federico II”, p.le V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vitiello
- Department
of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples “Federico II”, p.le V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
- CSGI,
Consorzio interuniversitario per lo sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande
Interfase, Sesto Fiorentino, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- National
Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Institute
for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, I-80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
- Department
of Physics Ettore Pancini, University of
Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute
of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Giannini
- Instituto
de Estructura de la Materia (IEM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas (CSIC), Serrano 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
- Technology
Innovation Institute, Building B04C, P.O. Box, Abu Dhabi 9639, United Arab Emirates
| | - Giuseppina Luciani
- Department
of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples “Federico II”, p.le V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
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6
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Alfano M, Alchera E, Sacchi A, Gori A, Quilici G, Locatelli I, Venegoni C, Lucianò R, Gasparri AM, Colombo B, Taiè G, Jose J, Armanetti P, Menichetti L, Musco G, Salonia A, Corti A, Curnis F. A simple and robust nanosystem for photoacoustic imaging of bladder cancer based on α5β1-targeted gold nanorods. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:301. [PMID: 37635243 PMCID: PMC10463347 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection and removal of bladder cancer in patients is crucial to prevent tumor recurrence and progression. Because current imaging techniques may fail to detect small lesions of in situ carcinomas, patients with bladder cancer often relapse after initial diagnosis, thereby requiring frequent follow-up and treatments. RESULTS In an attempt to obtain a sensitive and high-resolution imaging modality for bladder cancer, we have developed a photoacoustic imaging approach based on the use of PEGylated gold nanorods (GNRs) as a contrast agent, functionalized with the peptide cyclic [CphgisoDGRG] (Iso4), a selective ligand of α5β1 integrin expressed by bladder cancer cells. This product (called GNRs@PEG-Iso4) was produced by a simple two-step procedure based on GNRs activation with lipoic acid-polyethyleneglycol(PEG-5KDa)-maleimide and functionalization with peptide Iso4. Biochemical and biological studies showed that GNRs@PEG-Iso4 can efficiently recognize purified integrin α5β1 and α5β1-positive bladder cancer cells. GNRs@PEG-Iso4 was stable and did not aggregate in urine or in 5% sodium chloride, or after freeze/thaw cycles or prolonged exposure to 55 °C, and, even more importantly, do not settle after instillation into the bladder. Intravesical instillation of GNRs@PEG-Iso4 into mice bearing orthotopic MB49-Luc bladder tumors, followed by photoacoustic imaging, efficiently detected small cancer lesions. The binding to tumor lesions was competed by a neutralizing anti-α5β1 integrin antibody; furthermore, no binding was observed to healthy bladders (α5β1-negative), pointing to a specific targeting mechanism. CONCLUSION GNRs@PEG-Iso4 represents a simple and robust contrast agent for photoacoustic imaging and diagnosis of small bladder cancer lesions.
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Grants
- Grant agreement No. 801126, EDIT European Union's Horizon 2020
- Grant agreement No. 801126, EDIT European Union's Horizon 2020
- Grant agreement No. 801126, EDIT European Union's Horizon 2020
- Grant agreement No. 801126, EDIT European Union's Horizon 2020
- Grant agreement No. 801126, EDIT European Union's Horizon 2020
- Grant agreement No. 801126, EDIT European Union's Horizon 2020
- Grant agreement No. 801126, EDIT European Union's Horizon 2020
- Grant agreement No. 801126, EDIT European Union's Horizon 2020
- Grant agreement No. 801126, EDIT European Union's Horizon 2020
- Grant agreement No. 801126, EDIT European Union's Horizon 2020
- RF-2016-02361054 Ministero della Salute
- RF-2016-02361054 Ministero della Salute
- RF-2016-02361054 Ministero della Salute
- European Union’s Horizon 2020
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Alfano
- Unit of Urology, URI, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Alchera
- Unit of Urology, URI, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelina Sacchi
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, C.N.R., Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Quilici
- Biomolecular NMR Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Locatelli
- Unit of Urology, URI, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Venegoni
- Unit of Urology, URI, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Lucianò
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Gasparri
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Colombo
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Taiè
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Jithin Jose
- FUJIFILM Visualsonics Inc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Armanetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanna Musco
- Biomolecular NMR Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Unit of Urology, URI, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Corti
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Flavio Curnis
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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7
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Petroni D, Fabbri C, Babboni S, Menichetti L, Basta G, Del Turco S. Extracellular Vesicles and Intercellular Communication: Challenges for In Vivo Molecular Imaging and Tracking. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1639. [PMID: 37376087 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous class of cell-derived membrane vesicles released by various cell types that serve as mediators of intercellular signaling. When released into circulation, EVs may convey their cargo and serve as intermediaries for intracellular communication, reaching nearby cells and possibly also distant organs. In cardiovascular biology, EVs released by activated or apoptotic endothelial cells (EC-EVs) disseminate biological information at short and long distances, contributing to the development and progression of cardiovascular disease and related disorders. The significance of EC-EVs as mediators of cell-cell communication has advanced, but a thorough knowledge of the role that intercommunication plays in healthy and vascular disease is still lacking. Most data on EVs derive from in vitro studies, but there are still little reliable data available on biodistribution and specific homing EVs in vivo tissues. Molecular imaging techniques for EVs are crucial to monitoring in vivo biodistribution and the homing of EVs and their communication networks both in basal and pathological circumstances. This narrative review provides an overview of EC-EVs, trying to highlight their role as messengers of cell-cell interaction in vascular homeostasis and disease, and describes emerging applications of various imaging modalities for EVs visualization in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Petroni
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Costanza Fabbri
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Serena Babboni
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Basta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Serena Del Turco
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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8
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Meloni A, Cademartiri F, Pistoia L, Degiorgi G, Clemente A, De Gori C, Positano V, Celi S, Berti S, Emdin M, Panetta D, Menichetti L, Punzo B, Cavaliere C, Bossone E, Saba L, Cau R, La Grutta L, Maffei E. Dual-Source Photon-Counting Computed Tomography-Part III: Clinical Overview of Vascular Applications beyond Cardiac and Neuro Imaging. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113798. [PMID: 37297994 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) is an emerging technology that is expected to radically change clinical CT imaging. PCCT offers several advantages over conventional CT, which can be combined to improve and expand the diagnostic possibilities of CT angiography. After a brief description of the PCCT technology and its main advantages we will discuss the new opportunities brought about by PCCT in the field of vascular imaging, while addressing promising future clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Meloni
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Bioengineering, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Laura Pistoia
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Degiorgi
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Clemente
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Carmelo De Gori
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Positano
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Bioengineering, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Celi
- BioCardioLab, Department of Bioengineering, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 54100 Massa, Italy
| | - Sergio Berti
- Cardiology Unit, Ospedale del Cuore, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 54100 Massa, Italy
| | - Michele Emdin
- Department of Cardiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniele Panetta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Bruna Punzo
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS SynLab-SDN, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Cavaliere
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS SynLab-SDN, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Eduardo Bossone
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedale Cardarelli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cau
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Ludovico La Grutta
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties-ProMISE, Department of Radiology, University Hospital "P. Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Erica Maffei
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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9
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Cademartiri F, Meloni A, Pistoia L, Degiorgi G, Clemente A, Gori CD, Positano V, Celi S, Berti S, Emdin M, Panetta D, Menichetti L, Punzo B, Cavaliere C, Bossone E, Saba L, Cau R, Grutta LL, Maffei E. Dual-Source Photon-Counting Computed Tomography-Part I: Clinical Overview of Cardiac CT and Coronary CT Angiography Applications. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113627. [PMID: 37297822 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The photon-counting detector (PCD) is a new computed tomography detector technology (photon-counting computed tomography, PCCT) that provides substantial benefits for cardiac and coronary artery imaging. Compared with conventional CT, PCCT has multi-energy capability, increased spatial resolution and soft tissue contrast with near-null electronic noise, reduced radiation exposure, and optimization of the use of contrast agents. This new technology promises to overcome several limitations of traditional cardiac and coronary CT angiography (CCT/CCTA) including reduction in blooming artifacts in heavy calcified coronary plaques or beam-hardening artifacts in patients with coronary stents, and a more precise assessment of the degree of stenosis and plaque characteristic thanks to its better spatial resolution. Another potential application of PCCT is the use of a double-contrast agent to characterize myocardial tissue. In this current overview of the existing PCCT literature, we describe the strengths, limitations, recent applications, and promising developments of employing PCCT technology in CCT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonella Meloni
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Bioengineering, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Pistoia
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Degiorgi
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Clemente
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Carmelo De Gori
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Positano
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Bioengineering, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Celi
- BioCardioLab, Department of Bioengineering, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 54100 Massa, Italy
| | - Sergio Berti
- Cardiology Unit, Ospedale del Cuore, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 54100 Massa, Italy
| | - Michele Emdin
- Department of Cardiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniele Panetta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Bruna Punzo
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS SynLab-SDN, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Cavaliere
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS SynLab-SDN, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Eduardo Bossone
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedale Cardarelli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cau
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Ludovico La Grutta
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital "P. Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Erica Maffei
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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10
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Cademartiri F, Meloni A, Pistoia L, Degiorgi G, Clemente A, De Gori C, Positano V, Celi S, Berti S, Emdin M, Panetta D, Menichetti L, Punzo B, Cavaliere C, Bossone E, Saba L, Cau R, Grutta LL, Maffei E. Dual Source Photon-Counting Computed Tomography-Part II: Clinical Overview of Neurovascular Applications. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113626. [PMID: 37297821 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Photon-counting detector (PCD) is a novel computed tomography detector technology (photon-counting computed tomography-PCCT) that presents many advantages in the neurovascular field, such as increased spatial resolution, reduced radiation exposure, and optimization of the use of contrast agents and material decomposition. In this overview of the existing literature on PCCT, we describe the physical principles, the advantages and the disadvantages of conventional energy integrating detectors and PCDs, and finally, we discuss the applications of the PCD, focusing specifically on its implementation in the neurovascular field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonella Meloni
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Bioengineering, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Pistoia
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Degiorgi
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Clemente
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Carmelo De Gori
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Positano
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Bioengineering, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Celi
- BioCardioLab, Department of Bioengineering, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 54100 Massa, Italy
| | - Sergio Berti
- Cardiology Unit, Ospedale del Cuore, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 54100 Massa, Italy
| | - Michele Emdin
- Department of Cardiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniele Panetta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Bruna Punzo
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS SynLab-SDN, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Cavaliere
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS SynLab-SDN, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Eduardo Bossone
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedale Cardarelli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cau
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Ludovico La Grutta
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties-ProMISE, Department of Radiology, University Hospital "P. Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Erica Maffei
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Monasterio/CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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11
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Mathew A, Hassan HW, Korostynska O, Westad F, Mota-Silva E, Menichetti L, Mirtaheri P. In Vivo Analysis of a Biodegradable Magnesium Alloy Implant in an Animal Model Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:3063. [PMID: 36991774 PMCID: PMC10057053 DOI: 10.3390/s23063063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable magnesium-based implants offer mechanical properties similar to natural bone, making them advantageous over nonbiodegradable metallic implants. However, monitoring the interaction between magnesium and tissue over time without interference is difficult. A noninvasive method, optical near-infrared spectroscopy, can be used to monitor tissue's functional and structural properties. In this paper, we collected optical data from an in vitro cell culture medium and in vivo studies using a specialized optical probe. Spectroscopic data were acquired over two weeks to study the combined effect of biodegradable Mg-based implant disks on the cell culture medium in vivo. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used for data analysis. In the in vivo study, we evaluated the feasibility of using the near-infrared (NIR) spectra to understand physiological events in response to magnesium alloy implantation at specific time points (Day 0, 3, 7, and 14) after surgery. Our results show that the optical probe can detect variations in vivo from biological tissues of rats with biodegradable magnesium alloy "WE43" implants, and the analysis identified a trend in the optical data over two weeks. The primary challenge of in vivo data analysis is the complexity of the implant interaction near the interface with the biological medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mathew
- Faculty of Technology, Art and Design, Department of Mechanical, Electronic and Chemical Engineering, OsloMet—Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Hafiz Wajahat Hassan
- Faculty of Technology, Art and Design, Department of Mechanical, Electronic and Chemical Engineering, OsloMet—Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Olga Korostynska
- Faculty of Technology, Art and Design, Department of Mechanical, Electronic and Chemical Engineering, OsloMet—Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Frank Westad
- Department of Engineering Cybernetics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eduarda Mota-Silva
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (IFC-CNR), San Cataldo Research Area, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Life Sciences, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (IFC-CNR), San Cataldo Research Area, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Peyman Mirtaheri
- Faculty of Technology, Art and Design, Department of Mechanical, Electronic and Chemical Engineering, OsloMet—Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway
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12
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Cheong JK, Ooi EH, Chiew YS, Menichetti L, Armanetti P, Franchini MC, Alchera E, Locatelli I, Canu T, Maturi M, Popov V, Alfano M. Gold nanorods assisted photothermal therapy of bladder cancer in mice: A computational study on the effects of gold nanorods distribution at the centre, periphery, and surface of bladder cancer. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2023; 230:107363. [PMID: 36720181 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Gold nanorod-assisted photothermal therapy (GNR-PTT) is a cancer treatment whereby GNRs incorporated into the tumour act as photo-absorbers to elevate the thermal destruction effect. In the case of bladder, there are few possible routes to target the tumour with GNRs, namely peri/intra-tumoural injection and intravesical instillation of GNRs. These two approaches lead to different GNR distribution inside the tumour and can affect the treatment outcome. METHODOLOGY The present study investigates the effects of heterogeneous GNR distribution in a typical setup of GNR-PTT. Three cases were considered. Case 1 considered the GNRs at the tumour centre, while Case 2 represents a hypothetical scenario where GNRs are distributed at the tumour periphery; these two cases represent intratumoural accumulation with different degree of GNR spread inside the tumour. Case 3 is achieved when GNRs target the exposed tumoural surface that is invading the bladder wall, when they are delivered by intravesical instillation. RESULTS Results indicate that for a laser power of 0.6 W and GNR volume fraction of 0.01%, Case 2 and 3 were successful in achieving complete tumour eradication after 330 and 470 s of laser irradiation, respectively. Case 1 failed to form complete tumour damage when the GNRs are concentrated at the tumour centre but managed to produce complete tumour damage if the spread of GNRs is wider. Results from Case 2 also demonstrated a different heating profile from Case 1, suggesting that thermal ablation during GNR-PTT is dependant on the GNRs distribution inside the tumour. Case 3 shows similar results to Case 2 whereby gradual but uniform heating is observed. Cases 2 and 3 show that uniformly heating the tumour can reduce damage to the surrounding tissues. CONCLUSIONS Different GNR distribution associated with the different methods of introducing GNRs to the bladder during GNR-PTT affect the treatment outcome of bladder cancer in mice. Insufficient spreading during intratumoural injection of GNRs can render the treatment ineffective, while administered via intravesical instillation. GNR distribution achieved through intravesical instillation present some advantages over intratumoural injection and is worthy of further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Kk Cheong
- Ascend Technologies Ltd, Wessex House, Upper Market Street, Eastleigh, SO50 9FD, United Kingdom; Mechanical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering and Advanced Engineering Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Ean H Ooi
- Ascend Technologies Ltd, Wessex House, Upper Market Street, Eastleigh, SO50 9FD, United Kingdom; Mechanical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering and Advanced Engineering Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Malaysia.
| | - Yeong S Chiew
- Mechanical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering and Advanced Engineering Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Luca Menichetti
- CNR - Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Sede principale, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Armanetti
- CNR - Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Sede principale, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Mauro Comes Franchini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry Toso Montanari, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Alchera
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Locatelli
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Tamara Canu
- Experimental Imaging Center, Preclinical Imaging Facility, IRCCS San Raffele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Maturi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry Toso Montanari, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Viktor Popov
- Ascend Technologies Ltd, Wessex House, Upper Market Street, Eastleigh, SO50 9FD, United Kingdom
| | - Massimo Alfano
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
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13
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Hassan HW, Mota-Silva E, Grasso V, Riehakainen L, Jose J, Menichetti L, Mirtaheri P. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for the In Vivo Monitoring of Biodegradable Implants in Rats. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:2297. [PMID: 36850894 PMCID: PMC9964707 DOI: 10.3390/s23042297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) alloys possess unique properties that make them ideal for use as biodegradable implants in clinical applications. However, reports on the in vivo assessment of these alloys are insufficient. Thus, monitoring the degradation of Mg and its alloys in vivo is challenging due to the dynamic process of implant degradation and tissue regeneration. Most current works focus on structural remodeling, but functional assessment is crucial in providing information about physiological changes in tissues, which can be used as an early indicator of healing. Here, we report continuous wave near-infrared spectroscopy (CW NIRS), a non-invasive technique that is potentially helpful in assessing the implant-tissue dynamic interface in a rodent model. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on hemoglobin changes and tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) after the implantation of Mg-alloy (WE43) and titanium (Ti) implants in rats' femurs using a multiwavelength optical probe. Additionally, the effect of changes in the skin on these parameters was evaluated. Lastly, combining NIRS with photoacoustic (PA) imaging provides a more reliable assessment of tissue parameters, which is further correlated with principal component analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Wajahat Hassan
- Faculty of Technology, Art and Design, Department of Mechanical, Electronic and Chemical Engineering, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eduarda Mota-Silva
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (IFC-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Life Sciences, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valeria Grasso
- FUJIFILM VisualSonics, 1114 AB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Engineering, Institute for Materials Science, Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel, D-24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Leon Riehakainen
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (IFC-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Life Sciences, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Jithin Jose
- FUJIFILM VisualSonics, 1114 AB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (IFC-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Peyman Mirtaheri
- Faculty of Technology, Art and Design, Department of Mechanical, Electronic and Chemical Engineering, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway
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14
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Rotundo S, Brizi D, Flori A, Giovannetti G, Menichetti L, Monorchio A. Shaping and Focusing Magnetic Field in the Human Body: State-of-the Art and Promising Technologies. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:5132. [PMID: 35890812 PMCID: PMC9318684 DOI: 10.3390/s22145132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the usage of radio frequency magnetic fields for biomedical applications has increased exponentially. Several diagnostic and therapeutic methodologies exploit this physical entity such as, for instance, magnetic resonance imaging, hyperthermia with magnetic nanoparticles and transcranial magnetic stimulation. Within this framework, the magnetic field focusing and shaping, at different depths inside the tissue, emerges as one of the most important challenges from a technological point of view, since it is highly desirable for improving the effectiveness of clinical methodologies. In this review paper, we will first report some of the biomedical practices employing radio frequency magnetic fields, that appear most promising in clinical settings, explaining the underneath physical principles and operative procedures. Specifically, we direct the interest toward hyperthermia with magnetic nanoparticles and transcranial magnetic stimulation, together with a brief mention of magnetic resonance imaging. Additionally, we deeply review the technological solutions that have appeared so far in the literature to shape and control the radio frequency magnetic field distribution within biological tissues, highlighting human applications. In particular, volume and surface coils, together with the recent raise of metamaterials and metasurfaces will be reported. The present review manuscript can be useful to fill the actual gap in the literature and to serve as a guide for the physicians and engineers working in these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Rotundo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (D.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Danilo Brizi
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (D.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Alessandra Flori
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | | | - Luca Menichetti
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (G.G.); (L.M.)
| | - Agostino Monorchio
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (D.B.); (A.M.)
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15
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Carrese B, Cavallini C, Sanità G, Armanetti P, Silvestri B, Calì G, Pota G, Luciani G, Menichetti L, Lamberti A. Controlled Release of Doxorubicin for Targeted Chemo-Photothermal Therapy in Breast Cancer HS578T Cells Using Albumin Modified Hybrid Nanocarriers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011228. [PMID: 34681890 PMCID: PMC8538307 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid nanomaterials have attracted research interest owing to their intriguing properties, which may offer new diagnostic options with triggering features, able to realize a new kind of tunable nanotherapeutics. Hybrid silica/melanin nanoparticles (NPs) containing silver seeds (Me-laSil_Ag-HSA NPs) disclosed relevant photoacoustic contrast for molecular imaging. In this study we explored therapeutic function in the same nanoplatform. For this purpose, MelaSil_Ag-HSA were loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) (MelaSil_Ag-HSA@DOX) and tested to assess the efficiency of drug delivery combined with concurrent photothermal treatment. The excellent photothermal properties allowed enhanced cytotoxic activity at significantly lower doses than neat chemotherapeutic treatment. The results revealed that MelaSil_Ag-HSA@DOX is a promising platform for an integrated photothermal (PT) chemotherapy approach, reducing the efficacy concentration of the DOX and, thus, potentially limiting the several adverse side effects of the drug in in vivo treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Carrese
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Chiara Cavallini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (C.C.); (P.A.)
| | - Gennaro Sanità
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, 80078 Naples, Italy;
| | - Paolo Armanetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (C.C.); (P.A.)
| | - Brigida Silvestri
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy; (B.S.); (G.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Gaetano Calì
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giulio Pota
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy; (B.S.); (G.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Giuseppina Luciani
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy; (B.S.); (G.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (C.C.); (P.A.)
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (A.L.)
| | - Annalisa Lamberti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (A.L.)
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16
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Cheong JK, Popov V, Alchera E, Locatelli I, Alfano M, Menichetti L, Armanetti P, Maturi M, Franchini MC, Ooi EH, Chiew YS. A numerical study to investigate the effects of tumour position on the treatment of bladder cancer in mice using gold nanorods assisted photothermal ablation. Comput Biol Med 2021; 138:104881. [PMID: 34583149 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanorods assisted photothermal therapy (GNR-PTT) is a new cancer treatment technique that has shown promising potential for bladder cancer treatment. The position of the bladder cancer at different locations along the bladder wall lining can potentially affect the treatment efficacy since laser is irradiated externally from the skin surface. The present study investigates the efficacy of GNR-PTT in the treatment of bladder cancer in mice for tumours growing at three different locations on the bladder, i.e., Case 1: closest to skin surface, Case 2: at the bottom half of the bladder, and Case 3: at the side of the bladder. Investigations were carried out numerically using an experimentally validated framework for optical-thermal simulations. An in-silico approach was adopted due to the flexibility in placing the tumour at a desired location along the bladder lining. Results indicate that for the treatment parameters considered (laser power 0.3 W, GNR volume fraction 0.01% v/v), only Case 1 can be used for an effective GNR-PTT. No damage to the tumour was observed in Cases 2 and 3. Analysis of the thermo-physiological responses showed that the effectiveness of GNR-PTT in treating bladder cancer depends not only on the depth of the tumour from the skin surface, but also on the type of tissue that the laser must pass through before reaching the tumour. In addition, the results are reliant on GNRs with a diameter of 10 nm and an aspect ratio of 3.8 - tuned to exhibit peak absorption for the chosen laser wavelength. Results from the present study can be used to highlight the potential for using GNR-PTT for treatment of human bladder cancer. It appears that Cases 2 and 3 suggest that GNR-PTT, where the laser passes through the skin to reach the bladder, may be unfeasible in humans. While this study shows the feasibility of using GNRs for photothermal ablation of bladder cancer, it also identifies the current limitations needed to be overcome for an effective clinical application in the bladder cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Kk Cheong
- Ascend Technologies Ltd, Southampton Science Park, 2 Venture Road, SO16 7NP, Southampton, United Kingdom; School of Engineering and Advanced Engineering Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Viktor Popov
- Ascend Technologies Ltd, Southampton Science Park, 2 Venture Road, SO16 7NP, Southampton, United Kingdom.
| | - Elisa Alchera
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Locatelli
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Alfano
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Sede Principale, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Armanetti
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Sede Principale, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mirko Maturi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry Toso Montanari, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mauro Comes Franchini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry Toso Montanari, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ean H Ooi
- Ascend Technologies Ltd, Southampton Science Park, 2 Venture Road, SO16 7NP, Southampton, United Kingdom; School of Engineering and Advanced Engineering Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Yeong S Chiew
- School of Engineering and Advanced Engineering Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
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17
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Francischello R, Geppi M, Flori A, Vasini EM, Sykora S, Menichetti L. Application of low-rank approximation using truncated singular value decomposition for noise reduction in hyperpolarized 13 C NMR spectroscopy. NMR Biomed 2021; 34:e4285. [PMID: 32125739 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization allows in vivo studies of metabolic flux using 13 C-hyperpolarized tracers by enhancing signal intensity by up to four orders of magnitude. The T1 for in vivo applications is typically in the range of 10-50 s for the different 13 C-enriched metabolic substrates; the exponential loss of polarization due to various relaxation mechanisms leads to a strong reduction of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). A common solution to the problem of low SNR is the accumulation/averaging of consecutive spectra. However, some limitations related to long delays between consecutive scans occur: in particular, following biochemical kinetics and estimate apparent enzymatic constants becomes time critical when measurement scans are repeated with the typical delay of about 3 T1 . Here we propose a method to dramatically reduce the noise, and therefore also the acquisition times, by computing, via truncated singular value decomposition, a low-rank approximation to the individual complex time-domain signals. Moreover, this approach has the additional advantage that the phase correction can be applied to the spectra already denoised, thus greatly reducing phase correction errors. We have tested the method on (1) simulated data; (2) performing dissolution of hyperpolarized 1-13 C-pyruvate in standard conditions and (3) in vivo data sets, using a porcine model injected with hyperpolarized Na-1-13 C-acetate. It was shown that the presented method reduces the noise level in all the experimental data sets, allowing the retrieval of signals from highly noisy data without any prior phase correction pre-processing. The effects of the proposed approach on the quantification of metabolic kinetics parameters have to be shown by full quantification studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Francischello
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Italy
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Geppi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Italy
| | - A Flori
- Fondazione CNR/Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Bioengineering and Clinical Engineering, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - S Sykora
- Extra Byte, Castano Primo, Milan, Italy
| | - L Menichetti
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, CNR, Pisa, Italy
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18
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Armanetti P, Chillà A, Margheri F, Biagioni A, Menichetti L, Margheri G, Ratto F, Centi S, Bianchini F, Severi M, Traversi R, Bani D, Lulli M, Del Rosso T, Mocali A, Rovida E, Del Rosso M, Fibbi G, Laurenzana A. Enhanced Antitumoral Activity and Photoacoustic Imaging Properties of AuNP-Enriched Endothelial Colony Forming Cells on Melanoma. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:2001175. [PMID: 33643785 PMCID: PMC7887578 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Near infrared (NIR)-resonant gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) hold great promise in cancer diagnostics and treatment. However, translating the theranostic potential of AuNPs into clinical applications still remains a challenge due to the difficulty to improve the efficiency and specificity of tumor delivery in vivo as well as the clearance from liver and spleen to avoid off target toxicity. In this study, endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) are exploited as vehicles to deliver AuNPs to tumors. It is first demonstrated that ECFCs display a great capability to intake AuNPs without losing viability, and exert antitumor activity per se. Using a human melanoma xenograft mouse model, it is next demonstrated that AuNP-loaded ECFCs retain their capacity to migrate to tumor sites in vivo 1 day after injection and stay in the tumor mass for more than 1 week. In addition, it is demonstrated that ECFC-loaded AuNPs are efficiently cleared by the liver over time and do not elicit any sign of damage to healthy tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Armanetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC)National Research CouncilPisa56124Italy
| | - Anastasia Chillà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Francesca Margheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC)National Research CouncilPisa56124Italy
| | - Giancarlo Margheri
- Institute for Complex SystemsNational Research CouncilSesto Fiorentino50019Italy
| | - Fulvio Ratto
- Institute of Applied Physics “N. Carrara”National Research CouncilSesto Fiorentino50019Italy
| | - Sonia Centi
- Institute of Applied Physics “N. Carrara”National Research CouncilSesto Fiorentino50019Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Mirko Severi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”University of FlorenceSesto Fiorentino50019Italy
| | - Rita Traversi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”University of FlorenceSesto Fiorentino50019Italy
| | - Daniele Bani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Matteo Lulli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Tommaso Del Rosso
- Department of PhysicsPontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro22451‐900Brazil
| | - Alessandra Mocali
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rovida
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Mario Del Rosso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Gabriella Fibbi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
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19
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Maturi M, Armanetti P, Menichetti L, Comes Franchini M. An Application of Multivariate Data Analysis to Photoacoustic Imaging for the Spectral Unmixing of Gold Nanorods in Biological Tissues. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:E142. [PMID: 33435563 PMCID: PMC7827716 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanorods (GNRs) showed to be a suitable contrast agent in photoacoustics (PA), and are able to provide a tunable absorption contrast against background tissue, while a detectable PA signal can be generated from highly localized and targeted areas. A crucial issue for these imaging techniques is represented by the discrimination between exogenous and endogenous contrast and the assessment of the real PA signal magnitude. The application of image resolution/unmixing methods was implemented and optimized to recover the relative magnitude spectra and distribution maps of image constituents of the biological sample based on multivariate analysis (multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares, MCR-ALS) in the presence of GNRs with tunable absorption properties. The proposed data analysis methodology is demonstrated on real PA images from experimental animal models and ex-vivo preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Maturi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry Toso Montanari, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Paolo Armanetti
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Luca Menichetti
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Mauro Comes Franchini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry Toso Montanari, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
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20
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Barucci A, Flori A, Carpi R, Marchi DD, Esposito M, Menichetti L, Pini R, Ratto F, Belli G, Piazza F. Ficoll as testing material for diffusion weighted imaging-quality assurance phantoms. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 76:1-7. [PMID: 33161101 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this work is to test the use of aqueous solutions of Ficoll®**, a highly branched polymer displaying crowding properties, to build a phantom suitable for Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). METHODS We developed a test object made of a cylindrical plastic container with a precise geometrical arrangement suitable for measuring several samples at the same time. The container was designed to host single vials with variable geometry and number, and to fit inside common commercial head coils for MRI scanners. In our experiments, vials were filled with 8 aqueous solutions of Ficoll 70 and Ficoll 400 spanning a range of polymer concentration from 5 to 30% by weight. Vials containing ultra-pure water were also used as reference. Experiments were performed on both 1.5 and 3 T clinical scanners (GE, Philips and Siemens), under the conditions of a standard clinical examination. RESULTS The geometry of the phantom provided reduced imaging artifacts, especially image distortions at magnetic interfaces. We found that the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) varied in the range of 0.00125-0.00223 mm2/s and decreased with Ficoll concentration. ADC vs Ficoll concentration exhibited a linear trend. Results were consistent over time and among different MRI clinical scanners, showing an average variability of 3% at 1.5 T and of 7.5% at 3 T. Moreover, no substantial difference was found between Ficoll 70 and 400. By varying Ficoll concentration, ADC can be modulated to approach tissue-mimicking values. Preliminary results for relaxation measurements proved that both T1 and T2 decreased with Ficoll concentration in the ranges 1.3-2.4 s and 150-800 ms respectively. CONCLUSIONS In this work, we propose a 3D phantom design based on the widespread crowding agent Ficoll, which is suitable for DWI quality assurance purposes in MRI acquisitions. Aqueous Ficoll solutions provide good performance in terms of stability, ease of preparation, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Barucci
- "Nello Carrara" Institute of Applied Physics, CNR Florence Research Area, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Flori
- Bioengineering and clinical engineering unit, Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Carpi
- USL Toscana Centro, Piazza Santa Maria Nuova 1, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Daniele De Marchi
- MRI unit, Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Esposito
- USL Toscana Centro, Piazza Santa Maria Nuova 1, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Pini
- "Nello Carrara" Institute of Applied Physics, CNR Florence Research Area, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ratto
- "Nello Carrara" Institute of Applied Physics, CNR Florence Research Area, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Giacomo Belli
- Health Physics Unit, AOU Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesco Piazza
- Université d'Orléans and Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire (CBM), CNRS UPR 4301, rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France
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21
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Cavallini C, Vitiello G, Adinolfi B, Silvestri B, Armanetti P, Manini P, Pezzella A, d’Ischia M, Luciani G, Menichetti L. Melanin and Melanin-Like Hybrid Materials in Regenerative Medicine. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E1518. [PMID: 32756369 PMCID: PMC7466405 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melanins are a group of dark insoluble pigments found widespread in nature. In mammals, the brown-black eumelanins and the reddish-yellow pheomelanins are the main determinants of skin, hair, and eye pigmentation and play a significant role in photoprotection as well as in many biological functions ensuring homeostasis. Due to their broad-spectrum light absorption, radical scavenging, electric conductivity, and paramagnetic behavior, eumelanins are widely studied in the biomedical field. The continuing advancements in the development of biomimetic design strategies offer novel opportunities toward specifically engineered multifunctional biomaterials for regenerative medicine. Melanin and melanin-like coatings have been shown to increase cell attachment and proliferation on different substrates and to promote and ameliorate skin, bone, and nerve defect healing in several in vivo models. Herein, the state of the art and future perspectives of melanins as promising bioinspired platforms for natural regeneration processes are highlighted and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cavallini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Vitiello
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy; (G.V.); (B.S.)
| | - Barbara Adinolfi
- Institute of Applied Physics “Nello Carrara”, National Research Council, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy;
| | - Brigida Silvestri
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy; (G.V.); (B.S.)
| | - Paolo Armanetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Paola Manini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 21, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (P.M.); (A.P.); (M.d.)
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 21, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (P.M.); (A.P.); (M.d.)
| | - Marco d’Ischia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 21, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (P.M.); (A.P.); (M.d.)
| | - Giuseppina Luciani
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy; (G.V.); (B.S.)
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.A.); (L.M.)
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22
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Di Desidero T, Orlandi P, Gentile D, Banchi M, Alì G, Kusmic C, Armanetti P, Cayme GJ, Menichetti L, Fontanini G, Francia G, Bocci G. Pharmacological effects of vinorelbine in combination with lenvatinib in anaplastic thyroid cancer. Pharmacol Res 2020; 158:104920. [PMID: 32461187 PMCID: PMC8011355 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare neoplasia with a poor prognosis. Proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed on ATC cell lines (8305C, 8505C) exposed to vinorelbine, lenvatinib, as well as to concomitant combinations. ABCB1, ABCG2 and CSF-1 mRNA expression was evaluated by real time PCR. The relative levels of pospho Akt were investigated as part of a human phospho-kinase array analysis, and CSF-1 and VEGFR-2 protein levels were measured by ELISA. The intracellular concentration of lenvatinib in ATC cells was measured by combined reversed-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. An ATC subcutaneous xenograft tumor model in nude mice was treated with vinorelbine, lenvatinib, or vinorelbine plus lenvatinib. After treatment with vinorelbine, lenvatinib, a significant antiproliferative effect in ATC cell lines was observed. The concomitant treatment of vinorelbine and lenvatinib revealed synergism for all the fractions of affected cells. A decrease in ABCB1 expression was reported in both ATC cell lines treated with the lenvatinib plus vinorelbine combination, as was an increase in the intracellular concentration of lenvatinib. The combination caused a decrease in Akt, GSK3α/β, PRAS40 and Src phosphorylation, and in both CSF-1 mRNA and protein levels. In the subcutaneous tumor model, the combination reduced the tumor volume during the treatment period. Our results establish the synergistic ATC antitumor activity of a vinorelbine and lenvatinib combination.
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Key Words
- Anaplastic thyroid cancer
- Lenvatinib
- Lenvatinib - IUPAC name: 4-[3-chloro-4-(cyclopropylcarbamoylamino)phenoxy]-7-methoxyquinoline-6-carboxamide - PubChem CID: 9823820
- Sorafenib
- Synergism
- Vinorelbine
- Vinorelbine - IUPAC namemethyl (1R, 9R, 10S, 11R, 12R, 19R)-11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-[(12S, 14R,)-16-ethyl-12-methoxycarbonyl-1, 10-diazatetracyclo[12.3.1.0, (3), (11).0, (4), (9),]octadeca-3(11), 4, 6, 8, 15-pentaen-12-yl]-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8-methyl-8, 16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.0, (1), (9).0, (2), (7).0, (16), (19),]nonadeca-2, 4, 6, 13-tetraene-10-carboxylate- PubChem CID 5311497
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Di Desidero
- Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università Di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Orlandi
- Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università Di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniela Gentile
- Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università Di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marta Banchi
- Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università Di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Greta Alì
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e Dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Kusmic
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Armanetti
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Ginelle J Cayme
- Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fontanini
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e Dell'Area Critica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulio Francia
- Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Guido Bocci
- Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università Di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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23
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Sanità G, Armanetti P, Silvestri B, Carrese B, Calì G, Pota G, Pezzella A, d’Ischia M, Luciani G, Menichetti L, Lamberti A. Albumin-Modified Melanin-Silica Hybrid Nanoparticles Target Breast Cancer Cells via a SPARC-Dependent Mechanism. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:765. [PMID: 32733871 PMCID: PMC7360861 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioconjugation of a recently developed photoacoustic nanoprobe, based on silica-templated eumelanin-silver hybrid nanoparticles (MelaSil_Ag-NPs), with human serum albumin (HSA) is disclosed herein as an efficient and practical strategy to improve photostability and to perform SPARC mediated internalization in breast cancer cells. Modification of NPs with HSA induced a slight viability decrease in breast cancer cells (HS578T) and normal breast cells (MCF10a) when incubated with HSA-NPs up to 100 μg/mL concentration for 72 h and a complete suppression of hemotoxicity for long incubation times. Uptake experiments with MelaSil_Ag-HSA NPs indicated very high and selective internalization via SPARC in HS578T (SPARC positive cells) but not in MCF10a (SPARC negative cells), as evaluated by using endocytosis inhibitors. The binding of SPARC to HSA was confirmed by Co-IP and Dot-blot assays. Additional studies were performed to analyze the interaction of MelaSil_Ag-HSA NPs with protein corona. Data showed a dramatic diminution of interacting proteins in HSA conjugated NPs compared to bare NPs. HSA-coated MelaSil_Ag-NPs are thus disclosed as a novel functional nanohybrid for potential photoacoustic imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Sanità
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Armanetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Brigida Silvestri
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Carrese
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Calì
- Institute of Endocrinology and Molecular Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulio Pota
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco d’Ischia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Luciani
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Annalisa Lamberti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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24
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Bruno F, Francischello R, Bellomo G, Gigli L, Flori A, Menichetti L, Tenori L, Luchinat C, Ravera E. Multivariate Curve Resolution for 2D Solid-State NMR spectra. Anal Chem 2020; 92:4451-4458. [PMID: 32069028 PMCID: PMC7997113 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a processing method, based on the multivariate curve resolution approach (MCR), to denoise 2D solid-state NMR spectra, yielding a substantial S/N ratio increase while preserving the lineshapes and relative signal intensities. These spectral features are particularly important in the quantification of silicon species, where sensitivity is limited by the low natural abundance of the 29Si nuclei and by the dilution of the intrinsic protons of silica, but can be of interest also when dealing with other intermediate-to-low receptivity nuclei. This method also offers the possibility of coprocessing multiple 2D spectra that have the signals at the same frequencies but with different intensities (e.g.: as a result of a variation in the mixing time). The processing can be carried out on the time-domain data, thus preserving the possibility of applying further processing to the data. As a demonstration, we have applied Cadzow denoising on the MCR-processed FIDs, achieving a further increase in the S/N ratio and more effective denoising also on the transients at longer indirect evolution times. We have applied the combined denoising on a set of experimental data from a lysozyme-silica composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bruno
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, and Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Roberto Francischello
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy.,Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bellomo
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, and Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Lucia Gigli
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, and Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Flori
- Fondazione Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy.,Fondazione Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Leonardo Tenori
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, and Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, and Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Enrico Ravera
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, and Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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25
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Locatelli E, Li Y, Monaco I, Guo W, Maturi M, Menichetti L, Armanetti P, Martin RC, Comes Franchini M. A novel theranostic gold nanorods- and Adriamycin-loaded micelle for EpCAM targeting, laser ablation, and photoacoustic imaging of cancer stem cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:1877-1892. [PMID: 30936691 PMCID: PMC6422422 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s197265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and purpose Cancer stem cells (CSCs) present a higher capacity to evade being killed by cancer agents and developing chemoresistance, thus leading to failure of conventional anticancer therapeutics. Nanomaterials specifically designed for targeting and treating not only tumor cells, but also CSCs, may encompass therapeutic and diagnostic tools, thus successfully eradicating the tumor. Materials and methods Polymeric micelles simultaneously loaded with gold nanorods (GNRs) and Adriamycin were prepared and used as a novel therapeutic and diagnostic weapon. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is an important CSC surface marker and has been exploited in this work as an active targeting agent. Photoacoustic imaging was applied for GNR individuation and tissue recognition. Results The nanosystem was demonstrated to be able to elicit effective targeting of cancer cells and cause their killing, in particular under laser ablation. Moreover, ex vivo photoacoustic imaging is able to clearly identify tumor regions thanks to GNR’s contrast. Conclusion The nanosystem can be considered a powerful and promising theranostic weapon for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Locatelli
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Bologna, Italy,
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA,
| | - Ilaria Monaco
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Bologna, Italy,
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mirko Maturi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Bologna, Italy,
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Armanetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Robert C Martin
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA,
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26
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Skinner JG, Menichetti L, Flori A, Dost A, Schmidt AB, Plaumann M, Gallagher FA, Hövener JB. Metabolic and Molecular Imaging with Hyperpolarised Tracers. Mol Imaging Biol 2018; 20:902-918. [PMID: 30120644 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since reaching the clinic, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an irreplaceable radiological tool because of the macroscopic information it provides across almost all organs and soft tissues within the human body, all without the need for ionising radiation. The sensitivity of MR, however, is too low to take full advantage of the rich chemical information contained in the MR signal. Hyperpolarisation techniques have recently emerged as methods to overcome the sensitivity limitations by enhancing the MR signal by many orders of magnitude compared to the thermal equilibrium, enabling a new class of metabolic and molecular X-nuclei based MR tracers capable of reporting on metabolic processes at the cellular level. These hyperpolarised (HP) tracers have the potential to elucidate the complex metabolic processes of many organs and pathologies, with studies so far focusing on the fields of oncology and cardiology. This review presents an overview of hyperpolarisation techniques that appear most promising for clinical use today, such as dissolution dynamic nuclear polarisation (d-DNP), parahydrogen-induced hyperpolarisation (PHIP), Brute force hyperpolarisation and spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP), before discussing methods for tracer detection, emerging metabolic tracers and applications and progress in preclinical and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Graham Skinner
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Flori
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Dost
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Benjamin Schmidt
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Section Biomedical Imaging and MOIN CC, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Institute of Biometrics and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging and MOIN CC, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
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27
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Cervadoro A, Palomba R, Vergaro G, Cecchi R, Menichetti L, Decuzzi P, Emdin M, Luin S. Targeting Inflammation With Nanosized Drug Delivery Platforms in Cardiovascular Diseases: Immune Cell Modulation in Atherosclerosis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:177. [PMID: 30542650 PMCID: PMC6277804 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a disorder of large and medium-sized arteries; it consists in the formation of lipid-rich plaques in the intima and inner media, whose pathophysiology is mostly driven by inflammation. Currently available interventions and therapies for treating atherosclerosis are not always completely effective; side effects associated with treatments, mainly caused by immunodepression for anti-inflammatory molecules, limit the systemic administration of these and other drugs. Given the high degree of freedom in the design of nanoconstructs, in the last decades researchers have put high effort in the development of nanoparticles (NPs) formulations specifically designed for either drug delivery, visualization of atherosclerotic plaques, or possibly the combination of both these and other functionalities. Here we will present the state of the art of these subjects, the knowledge of which is necessary to rationally address the use of NPs for prevention, diagnosis, and/or treatment of AS. We will analyse the work that has been done on: (a) understanding the role of the immune system and inflammation in cardiovascular diseases, (b) the pathological and biochemical principles in atherosclerotic plaque formation, (c) the latest advances in the use of NPs for the recognition and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, (d) the cellular and animal models useful to study the interactions of NPs with the immune system cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberto Palomba
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vergaro
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.,Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberta Cecchi
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy.,Center for Nanotechnology Innovation (CNI@NEST), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Decuzzi
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Michele Emdin
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.,Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Luin
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy.,NEST Laboratory, Istituto Nanoscienze, CNR, Pisa, Italy
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28
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Mattu C, Brachi G, Menichetti L, Flori A, Armanetti P, Ranzato E, Martinotti S, Nizzero S, Ferrari M, Ciardelli G. Alternating block copolymer-based nanoparticles as tools to modulate the loading of multiple chemotherapeutics and imaging probes. Acta Biomater 2018; 80:341-351. [PMID: 30236799 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer therapy often relies on the combined action of different molecules to overcome drug resistance and enhance patient outcome. Combined strategies relying on molecules with different pharmacokinetics often fail due to the lack of concomitant tumor accumulation and, thus, to the loss of synergistic effect. Due to their ability to enhance treatment efficiency, improve drug pharmacokinetics, and reduce adverse effects, polymer nanoparticles (PNPs) have been widely investigated as co-delivery vehicles for cancer therapies. However, co-encapsulation of different drugs and probes in PNPs requires a flexible polymer platform and a tailored particle design, in which both the bulk and surface properties of the carriers are carefully controlled. In this work, we propose a core-shell PNP design based on a polyurethane (PUR) core and a phospholipid external surface. The modulation of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance of the PUR core enhanced the encapsulation of two chemotherapeutics with dramatically different water solubility (Doxorubicin hydrochloride, DOXO and Docetaxel, DCTXL) and of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for MRI imaging. The outer shell remained unchanged among the platforms, resulting in un-modified cellular uptake and in vivo biodistribution. We demonstrate that the choice of PUR core allowed a high entrapment efficiency of all drugs, superior or comparable to previously reported results, and that higher core hydrophilicity enhances the loading efficiency of the hydrophilic DOXO and the MRI contrast effect. Moreover, we show that changing the PUR core did not alter the surface properties of the carriers, since all particles showed a similar behavior in terms of cell internalization and in vivo biodistribution. We also show that PUR PNPs have high passive tumor accumulation and that they can efficient co-deliver the two drugs to the tumor, reaching an 11-fold higher DOXO/DCTXL ratio in tumor as compared to free drugs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Exploiting the synergistic action of multiple chemotherapeutics is a promising strategy to improve the outcome of cancer patients, as different agents can simultaneously engage different features of tumor cells and/or their microenvironment. Unfortunately, the choice is limited to drugs with similar pharmacokinetics that can concomitantly accumulate in tumors. To expand the spectrum of agents that can be delivered in combination, we propose a multi-compartmental core-shell nanoparticles approach, in which the core is made of biomaterials with high affinity for drugs of different physical properties. We successfully co-encapsulated Doxorubicin Hydrochloride, Docetaxel, and contrast agents and achieved a significantly higher concomitant accumulation in tumor versus free drugs, demonstrating that nanoparticles can improve synergistic cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mattu
- Politecnico di Torino, DIMEAS C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - G Brachi
- Politecnico di Torino, DIMEAS C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - L Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy; Fondazione Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - A Flori
- Fondazione Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - P Armanetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - E Ranzato
- DiSIT-Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, University of Piemonte Orientale, piazza Sant'Eusebio 5, Vercelli 13100, Italy
| | - S Martinotti
- DiSIT-Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, University of Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, Alessandria 15121, Italy
| | - S Nizzero
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - M Ferrari
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - G Ciardelli
- Politecnico di Torino, DIMEAS C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
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29
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Monaco I, Maturi M, Matteucci E, Locatelli E, Baschieri A, Zani P, Armanetti P, Menichetti L, Sambri L, Comes Franchini M. Phosphorescent iridium-containing nanomicelles: synthesis, characterization and preliminary applications in nanomedical imaging. RSC Adv 2018; 8:34162-34167. [PMID: 35548818 PMCID: PMC9086920 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05368e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnostic nanomedicine constantly requires the development of novel contrast agents with intrinsic imaging capabilities. Phosphorescent Ir(iii)-complexes represent good candidates when delivered through polymeric nanoparticles. In this work, we propose a biocompatible nanoparticle made from an intrinsically phosphorescent copolymer, synthesized directly with an imaging tag present on its backbone. Polymeric nanoparticles can be obtained with the exact amount of phosphorescent moieties needed to maximize their output signal. Complete characterization and ex vivo studies confirmed that this nanosystem is suitable as a future diagnostic tool. We propose a biocompatible nanoparticle made from an intrinsically phosphorescent copolymer, synthesized directly with an imaging tag present on its backbone.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- I Monaco
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari" Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna Italy
| | - M Maturi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari" Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna Italy
| | - E Matteucci
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari" Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna Italy
| | - E Locatelli
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari" Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna Italy
| | - A Baschieri
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari" Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna Italy
| | - P Zani
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari" Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna Italy
| | - P Armanetti
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology Via Moruzzi Pisa 1 56124 Italy
| | - L Menichetti
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology Via Moruzzi Pisa 1 56124 Italy
| | - L Sambri
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari" Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna Italy
| | - M Comes Franchini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari" Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna Italy
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30
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Kusmic C, Giorgetti A, Barsanti C, Burchielli S, Petroni D, Kusch A, Genovesi D, Menichetti L, Marzullo P. Spatial Inhomogeneity of Cardiac Norepinephrine Transport Protein and Meta-[ 123I]Iodobenzylguanidine Uptake in Swine Myocardial Tissue. Mol Imaging Biol 2018; 21:482-490. [PMID: 30187232 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1269-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of the cardiac norepinephrine transporter (NET) in the left ventricle (LV) of healthy pigs and its relationship with regional meta-[123I]iodobenzylguanidine ([123I]MIBG) myocardial uptake. PROCEDURES Experiments were performed on animals injected with [123I]MIBG and acquired 2 h later using an ultrafast CZT gamma camera to assess the regional myocardial uptake. After image acquisition, animals were euthanized; the heart was quickly excised and underwent to an ex vivo single photon emission tomography (SPECT) imaging. Four small samples of tissue were then harvested from mid-walls and apex of the left ventricle; NET densities were evaluated and further normalized for protein loading per cardiac region. RESULTS Three variants of NET protein with different molecular weights were detected. The expression of NET was not homogenous in the LV, with the highest density in the inferior wall and the lowest one in the apical area. The regional in vivo [123I]MIBG uptake revealed an analogous trend, showing a good linear relationship with NET expression. Parallel results were obtained from the ex vivo study. CONCLUSION This study elucidates the expression of three different variants of NET proteins into the left ventricular myocardium of a healthy pig. NET expression into the LV was not homogeneous and paralleled by differences in regional [123I]MIBG uptake. Moreover, the correlation and the agreement between measurements of regional expression of NET variants and [123I]MIBG uptake represent a relevant finding for inferences about NET expression in the context of clinical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kusmic
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Assuero Giorgetti
- Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Cristina Barsanti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Burchielli
- Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Debora Petroni
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Annette Kusch
- Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Dario Genovesi
- Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.,Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Marzullo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.,Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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31
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Giovannetti G, Flori A, Positano V, De Marchi D, Menichetti L, Pingitore A. A Brief Review of Radiofrequency Coils for Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy. Curr Med Imaging 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1573405613666170607153050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Giovannetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Flori
- Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR - Regione Toscana, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Positano
- Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR - Regione Toscana, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniele De Marchi
- Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR - Regione Toscana, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR - Regione Toscana, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pingitore
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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32
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Flori A, Giovannetti G, Santarelli MF, Aquaro GD, De Marchi D, Burchielli S, Frijia F, Positano V, Landini L, Menichetti L. Biomolecular imaging of 13C-butyrate with dissolution-DNP: Polarization enhancement and formulation for in vivo studies. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 199:153-160. [PMID: 29597071 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of hyperpolarized isotopically enriched molecules facilitates the non-invasive real-time investigation of in vivo tissue metabolism in the time-frame of a few minutes; this opens up a new avenue in the development of biomolecular probes. Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization is a hyperpolarization technique yielding a more than four orders of magnitude increase in the 13C polarization for in vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy studies. As reported in several studies, the dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization polarization performance relies on the chemico-physical properties of the sample. In this study, we describe and quantify the effects of the different sample components on the dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization performance of [1-13C]butyrate. In particular, we focus on the polarization enhancement provided by the incremental addition of the glassy agent dimethyl sulfoxide and gadolinium chelate to the formulation. Finally, preliminary results obtained after injection in healthy rats are also reported, showing the feasibility of an in vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy study with hyperpolarized [1-13C]butyrate using a 3T clinical set-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Flori
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Giulio Giovannetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Luigi Landini
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy; Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
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33
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Armanetti P, Flori A, Avigo C, Conti L, Valtancoli B, Petroni D, Doumett S, Cappiello L, Ravagli C, Baldi G, Bencini A, Menichetti L. Spectroscopic and photoacoustic characterization of encapsulated iron oxide super-paramagnetic nanoparticles as a new multiplatform contrast agent. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 199:248-253. [PMID: 29626815 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a number of photoacoustic (PA) agents with increased tissue penetration and fine spatial resolution have been developed for molecular imaging and mapping of pathophysiological features at the molecular level. Here, we present bio-conjugated near-infrared light-absorbing magnetic nanoparticles as a new agent for PA imaging. These nanoparticles exhibit suitable absorption in the near-infrared region, with good photoacoustic signal generation efficiency and high photo-stability. Furthermore, these encapsulated iron oxide nanoparticles exhibit strong super-paramagnetic behavior and nuclear relaxivities that make them useful as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast media as well. Their simple bio-conjugation strategy, optical and chemical stability, and straightforward manipulation could enable the development of a PA probe with magnetic and spectroscopic properties suitable for in vitro and in vivo real-time imaging of relevant biological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Armanetti
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Alessandra Flori
- Fondazione Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Cinzia Avigo
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Luca Conti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Barbara Valtancoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Debora Petroni
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Saer Doumett
- Colorobbia Consulting Srl, via Pietramarina 123, 50053 Sovigliana, Vinci, Italy
| | - Laura Cappiello
- Colorobbia Consulting Srl, via Pietramarina 123, 50053 Sovigliana, Vinci, Italy
| | - Costanza Ravagli
- Colorobbia Consulting Srl, via Pietramarina 123, 50053 Sovigliana, Vinci, Italy
| | - Giovanni Baldi
- Colorobbia Consulting Srl, via Pietramarina 123, 50053 Sovigliana, Vinci, Italy
| | - Andrea Bencini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy.
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34
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Monaco I, Armanetti P, Locatelli E, Flori A, Maturi M, Del Turco S, Menichetti L, Comes Franchini M. Smart assembly of Mn-ferrites/silica core-shell with fluorescein and gold nanorods: robust and stable nanomicelles for in vivo triple modality imaging. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:2993-2999. [PMID: 32254334 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00453f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis of a resilient nanosystem based on silica-coated magnetic MnFe2O3 nanoparticles conjugated to fluorescein and PEGylated gold nanorods embedded in polymeric micelles (MnFe2O4@SiO2@GNRs@PMs), for magnetic-photoacoustic-optical triple-modality imaging. The magnetic relaxivity of the nanosystem has been evaluated, revealing high r2/r1 ratios that suggest the effectiveness of the nanosystem as the T2-contrast agent. In addition, contrast-based fluorescence imaging has been tested both in vitro and ex vivo, showing that the nanosystem exhibits the suitable optical properties of fluorescein, with contrast intensities comparable with previously reported results. Finally, photoacoustic, due to gold nanorods, performances of the nanosystem have been evaluated, revealing good linearity between concentration and photoacoustic response in the 25-250 nM concentration under irradiation at 690 nm. The results showed a contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) as high as 60 in a mouse leg subcutaneously injected with the nanosystem. Biocompatibility studies revealed no hemolytic effect induced by the nanoconstruct, revealing the applicability of the studied diagnostic tool for medical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Monaco
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy.
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D'Elios MM, Aldinucci A, Amoriello R, Benagiano M, Bonechi E, Maggi P, Flori A, Ravagli C, Saer D, Cappiello L, Conti L, Valtancoli B, Bencini A, Menichetti L, Baldi G, Ballerini C. Myelin-specific T cells carry and release magnetite PGLA–PEG COOH nanoparticles in the mouse central nervous system. RSC Adv 2018; 8:904-913. [PMID: 35538965 PMCID: PMC9076978 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11290d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Progress in nanotechnology has determined new strategies concerning drug delivery into the central nervous system for the treatment of degenerative and inflammatory diseases. To date, brain targeting through systemic drug administration, even in a nano-composition, is often unsuccessful. Therefore, we investigated the possibility of loading T lymphocytes with PGLA–PEG COOH magnetite nanoparticles (30 nm), which can be built up to easily bind drugs and monoclonal antibodies, and to exploit the ability of activated T cells to cross the blood–brain barrier and infiltrate the brain parenchyma. Iron oxide nanoparticles have been widely used in biomedical applications due to their theranostic properties and are therefore a well-established nanomaterial. The magnetite core is easily hybridized with polymeric compounds that may enhance the possibility of the nanoparticles entering cells with low phagocytic properties. Taking advantage of these material characteristics, after in vitro assessment of the viability and functionality of nano-loaded MOG35–55 specific T cells, we transferred cells containing the nano-cargo into naïve mice affected by experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of multiple sclerosis. By means of histological and immunohistological methods, we were able to identify the nano-loaded T cells in the central nervous system. Our data demonstrated that T cells containing nanomaterials hold the possibility of carrying and releasing nanoparticles in the brain. Magnetite nanoparticles enter non-phagocytic myelin-specific T cells and reach the central nervous system after in vivo transfer.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- M. M. D'Elios
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- University of Florence
- Italy
| | - A. Aldinucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug and Child Health
- University of Florence
- Italy
| | - R. Amoriello
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug and Child Health
- University of Florence
- Italy
| | - M. Benagiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- University of Florence
- Italy
| | - E. Bonechi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug and Child Health
- University of Florence
- Italy
| | - P. Maggi
- Department of Neurology
- Hôpital CHU Brugmann-Université libre de Bruxelles-Bruxelles-Be
- Belgium
| | - A. Flori
- Fondazione CNR Regione Toscana G. Monasterio
- Pisa
- Italy
| | - C. Ravagli
- Research Center Colorobbia
- Cericol, Colorobbia Consulting
- Florence
- Italy
| | - D. Saer
- Research Center Colorobbia
- Cericol, Colorobbia Consulting
- Florence
- Italy
| | - L. Cappiello
- Research Center Colorobbia
- Cericol, Colorobbia Consulting
- Florence
- Italy
| | - L. Conti
- Department of Chemistry Ugo Schiff
- University of Florence
- Italy
| | - B. Valtancoli
- Department of Chemistry Ugo Schiff
- University of Florence
- Italy
| | - A. Bencini
- Department of Chemistry Ugo Schiff
- University of Florence
- Italy
| | | | - G. Baldi
- Research Center Colorobbia
- Cericol, Colorobbia Consulting
- Florence
- Italy
| | - C. Ballerini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug and Child Health
- University of Florence
- Italy
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Giovannetti G, Flori A, Marsigli F, De Marchi D, Frijia F, Giannoni M, Kusmic C, Positano V, Aquaro GD, Menichetti L. A radiofrequency system for in vivo hyperpolarized 13 C MRS experiments in mice with a 3T MRI clinical scanner. Scanning 2016; 38:710-719. [PMID: 27059822 DOI: 10.1002/sca.21319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized carbon-13 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a powerful tool to explore tissue metabolic state, by permitting the study of intermediary metabolism of biomolecules in vivo. However, a number of technological problems still limit this technology and need innovative solutions. In particular, the low molar concentration of derivate metabolites give rise to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which makes the design and development of dedicated radiofrequency (RF) coils a fundamental task. In this article, the authors describe the simulation and the design of a RF coils configuration for MR experiments in mice, constituted by a 1 H whole body volume RF coil for imaging and a 13 C single circular loop surface RF coil for performing 13 C acquisitions. After the building, the RF system was employed in an in vivo experiment in a mouse injected with hyperpolarized [1-13 C]pyruvate by using a 3 T clinical MR scanner. SCANNING 38:710-719, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Giovannetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Flori
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Marsigli
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Massimo Giannoni
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Kusmic
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
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Luchini A, Irace C, Santamaria R, Montesarchio D, Heenan RK, Szekely N, Flori A, Menichetti L, Paduano L. Phosphocholine-decorated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: defining the structure and probing in vivo applications. Nanoscale 2016; 8:10078-86. [PMID: 26751053 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr08486e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs) are performing contrast agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). A functionalization strategy for SPIONs based on hydrophobic interactions is a versatile approach easily extendable to several kinds of inorganic nanoparticles and suitable for obtaining stable and biocompatible systems. Here we report on the original preparation of functionalized SPIONs with an 8 nm radius exploiting the hydrophobic interaction between a phosphocholine and an inner amphiphilic. With respect to other similarly functionalized SPIONs, characterized by the typical nanoparticle clustering that leads to large aggregates, our phosphocholine-decorated SPIONs are demonstrated to be monodisperse. We report the in vitro and in vivo study that proves the effective applicability of phosphocholine-decorated SPIONs as MRI contrast agents. The versatility of this functionalization approach is highlighted by introducing on the SPION surface a ruthenium-based potential antitumoral drug, named ToThyCholRu. Even if in this case we observed the formation of SPION clusters, ascribable to the presence of the amphiphilic ruthenium complex, interesting and promising antiproliferative activity points at the ToThyCholRu-decorated SPIONs as potential theranostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Luchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
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38
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Avigo C, Flori A, Armanetti P, Di Lascio N, Kusmic C, Jose J, Losi P, Soldani G, Faita F, Menichetti L. Strategies for non-invasive imaging of polymeric biomaterial in vascular tissue engineering and regenerative medicine using ultrasound and photoacoustic techniques. POLYM INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Avigo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology; National Research Council; via G. Moruzzi 1 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Alessandra Flori
- Institute of Clinical Physiology; National Research Council; via G. Moruzzi 1 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Paolo Armanetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology; National Research Council; via G. Moruzzi 1 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Nicole Di Lascio
- Institute of Clinical Physiology; National Research Council; via G. Moruzzi 1 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Claudia Kusmic
- Institute of Clinical Physiology; National Research Council; via G. Moruzzi 1 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Jithin Jose
- Institute of Clinical Physiology; National Research Council; via G. Moruzzi 1 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Paola Losi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology; National Research Council; via G. Moruzzi 1 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Giorgio Soldani
- Institute of Clinical Physiology; National Research Council; via G. Moruzzi 1 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Francesco Faita
- Institute of Clinical Physiology; National Research Council; via G. Moruzzi 1 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology; National Research Council; via G. Moruzzi 1 56124 Pisa Italy
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Petroni D, Giacomelli C, Taliani S, Barresi E, Robello M, Daniele S, Bartoli A, Burchielli S, Pardini S, Salvadori PA, Da Settimo F, Martini C, Trincavelli ML, Menichetti L. Toward PET imaging of A2B adenosine receptors: a carbon-11 labeled triazinobenzimidazole tracer: Synthesis and imaging of a new A2B PET tracer. Nucl Med Biol 2016; 43:309-17. [PMID: 27150034 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A2B adenosine receptors (ARs) are commonly defined as "danger" sensors because they are triggered during cell injury when the endogenous molecule, adenosine, increases rapidly. These receptors, together with the other receptor subtypes (A1, A2A and A3), exert a wide variety of immunomodulating and (cyto)protective effects, thus representing a pivotal therapeutic target for different pathologies including diabetes, tumors, cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary fibrosis and others. The limited availability of potent and selective ligands for A2B ARs has prevented this receptor to emerge both as therapeutic and diagnostic target. METHODS Recently, a new class of potent A2B ARs antagonists was developed featuring the triazinobenzimidazole scaffold. Starting from this chemotype, we synthesized a new radiotracer, [(11)C]-4 (1-[(11)C]methyl-3-phenyl triazino[4,3-a]benzimidazol-4(1H)-one), and investigated the pharmacokinetics of this compound in vivo to define its potential use in the imaging of A2B AR with positron emission tomography. RESULTS [(11)C]-4 showed a very high chemical and blood stability. Results of in vivo and ex vivo experiments underlined the ability of this molecule to bind the A2B AR and correlated with the A2B AR protein and gene expression data. CONCLUSIONS Although further studies are necessary, these data suggest that [(11)C]-4 may represent a good lead compound for the development of novel selective and potent A2B AR radiotracers, and a new option for the clinical investigation of several pathophysiological processes and chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Petroni
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Giacomelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sabrina Taliani
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Barresi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Robello
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Daniele
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonietta Bartoli
- Molecular Imaging Center, Università di Torino, Via Nizza, 52, I-10125 Ivrea, Italy
| | - Silvia Burchielli
- Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Moruzzi, 1, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Pardini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero A Salvadori
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Da Settimo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Martini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy; Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Moruzzi, 1, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
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40
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Frijia F, Santarelli MF, Koellisch U, Giovannetti G, Lanz T, Flori A, Durst M, Aquaro GD, Schulte RF, De Marchi D, Lionetti V, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH, Landini L, Menichetti L, Positano V. 16-Channel Surface Coil for 13C-Hyperpolarized Spectroscopic Imaging of Cardiac Metabolism in Pig Heart. J Med Biol Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-016-0113-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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41
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Boni A, Bardi G, Bertero A, Cappello V, Emdin M, Flori A, Gemmi M, Innocenti C, Menichetti L, Sangregorio C, Villa S, Piazza V. Design and optimization of lipid-modified poly(amidoamine) dendrimer coated iron oxide nanoparticles as probes for biomedical applications. Nanoscale 2015; 7:7307-7317. [PMID: 25815711 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr01148e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with a wide size range (2.6-14.1 nm) were synthesized and coated with the amphiphilic poly(amidoamine) PAMAM-C12 dendrimer. The resulting well dispersed and stable water suspensions were fully characterized in order to explore their possible use in biomedical applications. The structural and magnetic properties of the nanoparticles were preserved during the coating and were related to their relaxometric behaviour. The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Dispersion (NMRD) profiles were found to be in accordance with the Roch model. The biocompatibility was assessed by means of cell viability tests and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis. The nanoparticles' capability of being detected via Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was investigated by means of clinical MRI scanners both in water and agar gel phantoms, and in a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Boni
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
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Avigo C, Di Lascio N, Armanetti P, Kusmic C, Cavigli L, Ratto F, Meucci S, Masciullo C, Cecchini M, Pini R, Faita F, Menichetti L. Organosilicon phantom for photoacoustic imaging. J Biomed Opt 2015; 20:46008. [PMID: 25894254 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.4.046008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging is an emerging technique. Although commercially available photoacoustic imaging systems currently exist, the technology is still in its infancy. Therefore, the design of stable phantoms is essential to achieve semiquantitative evaluation of the performance of a photoacoustic system and can help optimize the properties of contrast agents. We designed and developed a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) phantom with exceptionally fine geometry; the phantom was tested using photoacoustic experiments loaded with the standard indocyanine green dye and compared to an agar phantom pattern through polyethylene glycol-gold nanorods. The linearity of the photoacoustic signal with the nanoparticle number was assessed. The signal-tonoiseratio and contrast were employed as image quality parameters, and enhancements of up to 50 and up to 300%, respectively, were measured with the PDMS phantom with respect to the agar one. A tissue-mimicking (TM)-PDMS was prepared by adding TiO2 and India ink; photoacoustic tests were performed in order to compare the signal generated by the TM-PDMS and the biological tissue. The PDMS phantom can become a particularly promising tool in the field of photoacoustics for the evaluation of the performance of a PA system and as a model of the structure of vascularized soft tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Avigo
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Nicole Di Lascio
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, ItalybScuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - Paolo Armanetti
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Fisica, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - Claudia Kusmic
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Lucia Cavigli
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara," CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino (FI) 50019, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ratto
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara," CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino (FI) 50019, Italy
| | - Sandro Meucci
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze, CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa 56127, ItalyfCenter of Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - Cecilia Masciullo
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze, CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - Marco Cecchini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze, CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - Roberto Pini
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara," CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino (FI) 50019, Italy
| | - Francesco Faita
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, ItalygFondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
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Flori A, Liserani M, Bowen S, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH, Menichetti L. Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization of non-self-glassing agents: spectroscopy and relaxation of hyperpolarized [1-13C]acetate. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:1885-93. [PMID: 25686013 DOI: 10.1021/jp511972g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The intrinsic physicochemical properties of the sample formulation are the key factors for efficient hyperpolarization through dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dissolution-DNP). We provide a comprehensive characterization of the DNP process for Na-[1-(13)C]acetate selected as a model for non-self-glassing agents: the solid-state polarization dynamics of different formulations and the effect of the paramagnetic agent (trityl radical) on the pattern of polarization and the relaxation profile were extensively analyzed. We quantified the effects of the glassing agent and Gd(3+)-chelate on DNP performance. The results reported here describe the constraints of the acetate formulation useful for future studies in this field with non-self-glassing enriched molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Flori
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, I-56124, Italy
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Aquaro GD, Frijia F, Positano V, Menichetti L, Santarelli MF, Lionetti V, Giovannetti G, Recchia FA, Landini L. Cardiac Metabolism in a Pig Model of Ischemia–Reperfusion by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance with Hyperpolarized 13C-Pyruvate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcme.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Ravera E, Shimon D, Feintuch A, Goldfarb D, Vega S, Flori A, Luchinat C, Menichetti L, Parigi G. The effect of Gd on trityl-based dynamic nuclear polarisation in solids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:26969-78. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04138d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The increase in 13C polarisation of 13C-urea dissolved in samples containing water/DMSO mixtures and trityl radical (OX063) in the presence of Gd3+ is explained by changes in electron relaxation, electron spectral diffusion and effective electron–proton hyperfine interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Ravera
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- Italy
| | - Daphna Shimon
- Chemical Physics Department
- Weizmann Institute of Science
- Rehovot
- Israel
| | - Akiva Feintuch
- Chemical Physics Department
- Weizmann Institute of Science
- Rehovot
- Israel
| | - Daniella Goldfarb
- Chemical Physics Department
- Weizmann Institute of Science
- Rehovot
- Israel
| | - Shimon Vega
- Chemical Physics Department
- Weizmann Institute of Science
- Rehovot
- Israel
| | - Alessandra Flori
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio and Institute of Life Sciences
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna
- Pisa
- Italy
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio and Institute of Clinical Physiology
- National Council of Research
- Pisa
- Italy
| | - Giacomo Parigi
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- Italy
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46
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Donato Aquaro
- From the Magnetic Resonance Unit, Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); and CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy (L.M.).
| | - Luca Menichetti
- From the Magnetic Resonance Unit, Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy (G.D.A.); and CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy (L.M.)
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47
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Flori A, Liserani M, Frijia F, Giovannetti G, Lionetti V, Casieri V, Positano V, Aquaro GD, Recchia FA, Santarelli MF, Landini L, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH, Menichetti L. Real-time cardiac metabolism assessed with hyperpolarized [1-(13) C]acetate in a large-animal model. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2014; 10:194-202. [PMID: 25201079 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dissolution-dynamic nuclear polarization (dissolution-DNP) for magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic imaging has recently emerged as a novel technique for noninvasive studies of the metabolic fate of biomolecules in vivo. Since acetate is the most abundant extra- and intracellular short-chain fatty acid, we focused on [1-(13) C]acetate as a promising candidate for a chemical probe to study the myocardial metabolism of a beating heart. The dissolution-DNP procedure of Na[1-(13) C]acetate for in vivo cardiac applications with a 3 T MR scanner was optimized in pigs during bolus injection of doses of up to 3 mmol. The Na[1-(13) C]acetate formulation was characterized by a liquid-state polarization of 14.2% and a T1Eff in vivo of 17.6 ± 1.7 s. In vivo Na[1-(13) C]acetate kinetics displayed a bimodal shape: [1-(13) C]acetyl carnitine (AcC) was detected in a slice covering the cardiac volume, and the signal of (13) C-acetate and (13) C-AcC was modeled using the total area under the curve (AUC) for kinetic analysis. A good correlation was found between the ratio AUC(AcC)/AUC(acetate) and the apparent kinetic constant of metabolic conversion, from [1-(13) C]acetate to [1-(13) C]AcC (kAcC ), divided by the AcC longitudinal relaxation rate (r1 ). Our study proved the feasibility and the limitations of administration of large doses of hyperpolarized [1-(13) C]acetate to study the myocardial conversion of [1-(13) C]acetate in [1-(13) C]acetyl-carnitine generated by acetyltransferase in healthy pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Flori
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Giulio Giovannetti
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.,Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Fabio A Recchia
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Physiology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria Filomena Santarelli
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.,Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luigi Landini
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jan Henrik Ardenkjaer-Larsen
- GE Healthcare, Broendby, Denmark.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.,Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, Pisa, Italy
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Williams R, Asrress K, Yousuff M, Goodwin C, Lumley M, Khawaja M, Myat A, Arri S, Patterson T, Lockie T, Nagel E, Perera D, Marber M, Chiribiri A, Redwood S, Plein S, Feistritzer H, Klug G, Reinstadler S, Mair J, Schocke M, Franz W, Metzler B, McGraw S, Mirza O, Bauml M, Gonzalez R, Dickens C, Farzaneh-Far A, McAlindon E, Vizzi V, Strange J, Edmond J, Johnson T, Baumbach A, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Pharithi R, Meela M, Conway M, Kropmans T, Newell M, Aquaro G, Frijia F, Positano V, Santarelli M, Wiesinger F, Lionetti V, Giovannetti G, Schulte R, Landini L, Menichetti L, Amzulescu M, Rousseau M, Ahn S, de Ravenstein C, Vancraeynest D, Pasquet A, Vanoverschelde J, Pouleur A, Gerber B, Pfaffenberger S, Fandl T, Marzluf B, Babayev J, Juen K, Schenk P, Binder T, Vonbank K, Mascherbauer J, Almeida A, Sa A, Brito D, David C, Marques J, Almeida A, Silva D, de Sousa J, Diogo A, Pinto F, Masci P, Del Torto A, Barison A, Aquaro G, Chiappino S, Vergaro G, Passino C, Emdin M, Saba S, Sachdev V, Hannoush H, Axel L, Arai A, Mykhailova L, Kravchun P, Lapshina L. These abstracts have been selected for moderated presentations on SCREEN A. Please refer to the the PROGRAM and the infos on the screen for more details about schedule, moderators and presenters. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeu084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Aquaro GD, Frijia F, Positano V, Menichetti L, Santarelli MF, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH, Wiesinger F, Lionetti V, Romano SL, Bianchi G, Neglia D, Giovannetti G, Schulte RF, Recchia FA, Landini L, Lombardi M. 3D CMR mapping of metabolism by hyperpolarized 13C-pyruvate in ischemia-reperfusion. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2014; 6:743-4. [PMID: 23764101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2012.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Revised: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chiriacò F, Soloperto G, Greco A, Conversano F, Ragusa A, Menichetti L, Casciaro S. Magnetically-coated silica nanospheres for dual-mode imaging at low ultrasound frequency. World J Radiol 2013; 5:411-420. [PMID: 24349645 PMCID: PMC3856333 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v5.i11.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To experimentally investigate the acoustical behavior of different dual-mode nanosized contrast agents (NPCAs) for echographic medical imaging at low ultrasound (US) frequency.
METHODS: We synthesized three different nanosized structures: (1) Pure silica nanospheres (SiNSs); (2) FePt-iron oxide (FePt-IO)-coated SiNSs; and (3) IO-coated SiNSs, employing three different diameter of SiNS-core (160, 330 and 660 nm). Tissue mimicking phantoms made of agarose gel solution containing 5 mg of different NPCAs in 2 mL-Eppendorf tubes, were insonified by a commercial echographic system at three different low US pulse values (2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 MHz). The raw radiofrequency signal, backscattered from each considered NPCA containing sample, has been processed in order to calculate the US average backscatter intensity and compare the acoustic behavior of the different NPCA types.
RESULTS: The highest US contrast was exhibited by pure SiNSs; FePt-IO-coated SiNSs acoustical behavior followed a similar trend of pure SiNSs with a slight difference in terms of brightness values. The acoustic response of the examined NPCAs resulted function of both SiNS diameter and US frequency. Specifically, higher US frequencies determined higher value of the backscatter for a given SiNS diameter. Frequency-dependent enhancement was marked for pure SiNSs and became less remarkable for FePt-IO-coated SiNSs, whereas IO-coated SiNSs resulted almost unaffected by such frequency variations. Pure and FePt-IO-coated SiNSs evidenced an image backscatter increasing with the diameter up to 330 nm. Conversely, among the types of NPCA tested, IO-coated SiNSs showed the lowest acoustical response for each synthesized diameter and employed US frequency, although a diameter-dependent raising trend was evidenced.
CONCLUSION: The US characterization of magnetically covered SiNS shows that FePt-IO, rather than IO, was the best magnetic coating for realizing NPCAs suitable for dual mode imaging of deep organs, combining US and magnetic resonance imaging.
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