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Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:39-50. [PMID: 38061371 PMCID: PMC7615591 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce progression of chronic kidney disease and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a wide range of patients. However, their effects on kidney disease progression in some patients with chronic kidney disease are unclear because few clinical kidney outcomes occurred among such patients in the completed trials. In particular, some guidelines stratify their level of recommendation about who should be treated with SGLT2 inhibitors based on diabetes status and albuminuria. We aimed to assess the effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease both overall and among specific types of participants in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA), and included individuals aged 18 years or older with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or with an eGFR of 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher. We explored the effects of 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily versus placebo on the annualised rate of change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR slope), a tertiary outcome. We studied the acute slope (from randomisation to 2 months) and chronic slope (from 2 months onwards) separately, using shared parameter models to estimate the latter. Analyses were done in all randomly assigned participants by intention to treat. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and then followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroups of eGFR included 2282 (34·5%) participants with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min per 1·73 m2, 2928 (44·3%) with an eGFR of 30 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, and 1399 (21·2%) with an eGFR 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or higher. Prespecified subgroups of uACR included 1328 (20·1%) with a uACR of less than 30 mg/g, 1864 (28·2%) with a uACR of 30 to 300 mg/g, and 3417 (51·7%) with a uACR of more than 300 mg/g. Overall, allocation to empagliflozin caused an acute 2·12 mL/min per 1·73 m2 (95% CI 1·83-2·41) reduction in eGFR, equivalent to a 6% (5-6) dip in the first 2 months. After this, it halved the chronic slope from -2·75 to -1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (relative difference 50%, 95% CI 42-58). The absolute and relative benefits of empagliflozin on the magnitude of the chronic slope varied significantly depending on diabetes status and baseline levels of eGFR and uACR. In particular, the absolute difference in chronic slopes was lower in patients with lower baseline uACR, but because this group progressed more slowly than those with higher uACR, this translated to a larger relative difference in chronic slopes in this group (86% [36-136] reduction in the chronic slope among those with baseline uACR <30 mg/g compared with a 29% [19-38] reduction for those with baseline uACR ≥2000 mg/g; ptrend<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Empagliflozin slowed the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease among all types of participant in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial, including those with little albuminuria. Albuminuria alone should not be used to determine whether to treat with an SGLT2 inhibitor. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly.
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Yamada N, Yamagata K, Yamaguchi M, Yamaji Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka A, Yamano T, Yamanouchi Y, Yamasaki N, Yamasaki Y, Yamasaki Y, Yamashita C, Yamauchi T, Yan Q, Yanagisawa E, Yang F, Yang L, Yano S, Yao S, Yao Y, Yarlagadda S, Yasuda Y, Yiu V, Yokoyama T, Yoshida S, Yoshidome E, Yoshikawa H, Young A, Young T, Yousif V, Yu H, Yu Y, Yuasa K, Yusof N, Zalunardo N, Zander B, Zani R, Zappulo F, Zayed M, Zemann B, Zettergren P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhong H, Zhou N, Zhou S, Zhu D, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zietz M, Zippo M, Zirino F, Zulkipli FH. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:51-60. [PMID: 38061372 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease mainly through slowing progression. We aimed to assess how effects of empagliflozin might differ by primary kidney disease across its broad population. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA). Patients were eligible if their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher at screening. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily or matching placebo. Effects on kidney disease progression (defined as a sustained ≥40% eGFR decline from randomisation, end-stage kidney disease, a sustained eGFR below 10 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or death from kidney failure) were assessed using prespecified Cox models, and eGFR slope analyses used shared parameter models. Subgroup comparisons were performed by including relevant interaction terms in models. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroupings by primary kidney disease included 2057 (31·1%) participants with diabetic kidney disease, 1669 (25·3%) with glomerular disease, 1445 (21·9%) with hypertensive or renovascular disease, and 1438 (21·8%) with other or unknown causes. Kidney disease progression occurred in 384 (11·6%) of 3304 patients in the empagliflozin group and 504 (15·2%) of 3305 patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·71 [95% CI 0·62-0·81]), with no evidence that the relative effect size varied significantly by primary kidney disease (pheterogeneity=0·62). The between-group difference in chronic eGFR slopes (ie, from 2 months to final follow-up) was 1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (95% CI 1·16-1·59), representing a 50% (42-58) reduction in the rate of chronic eGFR decline. This relative effect of empagliflozin on chronic eGFR slope was similar in analyses by different primary kidney diseases, including in explorations by type of glomerular disease and diabetes (p values for heterogeneity all >0·1). INTERPRETATION In a broad range of patients with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression, including a wide range of non-diabetic causes of chronic kidney disease, empagliflozin reduced risk of kidney disease progression. Relative effect sizes were broadly similar irrespective of the cause of primary kidney disease, suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors should be part of a standard of care to minimise risk of kidney failure in chronic kidney disease. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and UK Medical Research Council.
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Andreucci E, Biagioni A, Peri S, Versienti G, Cianchi F, Staderini F, Antonuzzo L, Supuran CT, Olivo E, Pasqualini E, Messerini L, Massi D, Lulli M, Ruzzolini J, Peppicelli S, Bianchini F, Schiavone N, Calorini L, Magnelli L, Papucci L. The CAIX inhibitor SLC-0111 exerts anti-cancer activity on gastric cancer cell lines and resensitizes resistant cells to 5-Fluorouracil, taxane-derived, and platinum-based drugs. Cancer Lett 2023; 571:216338. [PMID: 37549770 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most frequent malignancy and the fourth leading cause of worldwide cancer-related death. Despite the usage of multimodal perioperative chemotherapy (pCT), GC progressively gains chemoresistance, thereby, the identification of suitable targets to overcome drug resistance is fundamental. Amongst the potential biomarkers, carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) - associated with a poor prognosis of several solid cancers - has gained the most attention. In a cohort of GC patients who received perioperative FLOT (i.e., Leucovorin, 5-Fluouracil, Docetaxel, and Oxaliplatin) or FOLFOX (i.e., Leucovorin, 5-Fluouracil, and Oxaliplatin), non-responder patients showed an increased expression of tumor CAIX compared to responder group. Moreover, GC cell lines induced to be resistant to 5-Fluouracil, Paclitaxel, Cisplatin, or the combination of 5-Fluorouracil, Oxaliplatin, and Docetaxel, overexpressed CAIX compared to the control. Accordingly, CAIX-high-expressing GC cells showed increased therapy resistance compared to low-expressing cells. Notably, SLC0111 significantly improved the therapy response of both wild-type and resistant GC cells. Overall, these data suggest a correlation between CAIX and GC drug resistance highlighting the potential of SLC-0111 in re-sensitizing GC cells to pCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GC Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GC Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Sara Peri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Versienti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GC Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Fabio Cianchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Firenze, Italy; Unit of Digestive Surgery, Careggi University Hospital, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Fabio Staderini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Firenze, Italy; Unit of Digestive Surgery, Careggi University Hospital, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Antonuzzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Firenze, Italy; Clinical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Erika Olivo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Firenze, Italy
| | - Elisa Pasqualini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Firenze, Italy
| | - Luca Messerini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Daniela Massi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Lulli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GC Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GC Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GC Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GC Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Nicola Schiavone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GC Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GC Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lucia Magnelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GC Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Laura Papucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GC Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy
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Landini L, Marini M, Souza Monteiro de Araujo D, Romitelli A, Montini M, Albanese V, Titiz M, Innocenti A, Bianchini F, Geppetti P, Nassini R, De Logu F. Schwann Cell Insulin-like Growth Factor Receptor Type-1 Mediates Metastatic Bone Cancer Pain in Mice. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 110:348-364. [PMID: 36940752 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), an osteoclast-dependent osteolysis biomarker, contributes to metastatic bone cancer pain (MBCP), but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. In mice, the femur metastasis caused by intramammary inoculation of breast cancer cells resulted in IGF-1 increase in femur and sciatic nerve, and IGF-1-dependent stimulus/non-stimulus-evoked pain-like behaviors. Adeno-associated virus-based shRNA selective silencing of IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) in Schwann cells, but not in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, attenuated pain-like behaviors. Intraplantar IGF-1 evoked acute nociception and mechanical/cold allodynia, which were reduced by selective IGF-1R silencing in DRG neurons and Schwann cells, respectively. Schwann cell IGF-1R signaling promoted an endothelial nitric oxide synthase-mediated transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) activation and release of reactive oxygen species that, via macrophage-colony stimulating factor-dependent endoneurial macrophage expansion, sustained pain-like behaviors. Osteoclast derived IGF-1 initiates a Schwann cell-dependent neuroinflammatory response that sustains a proalgesic pathway that provides new options for MBCP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Landini
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Matilde Marini
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | | | - Antonia Romitelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Marco Montini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Medical Genetics Unit, University of Florence, 50141, Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Albanese
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences - DEPS, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Mustafa Titiz
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Alessandro Innocenti
- Plastic and Reconstructive Microsurgery - Careggi University Hospital, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, 50141, Florence, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Geppetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Romina Nassini
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy.
| | - Francesco De Logu
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
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Bugatti K, Sartori A, Battistini L, Ruzzolini J, Nediani C, Curti C, Bianchini F, Zanardi F. Nintedanib‐α
V
β
3
Integrin Ligand Dual‐Targeting Conjugates towards Precision Treatment of Melanoma. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Bugatti
- Department of Food and Drug University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 27 A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Andrea Sartori
- Department of Food and Drug University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 27 A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Lucia Battistini
- Department of Food and Drug University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 27 A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence Viale Morgagni 50 50134 Florence Italy
| | - Chiara Nediani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence Viale Morgagni 50 50134 Florence Italy
| | - Claudio Curti
- Department of Food and Drug University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 27 A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence Viale Morgagni 50 50134 Florence Italy
| | - Franca Zanardi
- Department of Food and Drug University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 27 A 43124 Parma Italy
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Andreucci E, Ruzzolini J, Bianchini F, Versienti G, Biagioni A, Lulli M, Guasti D, Nardini P, Serratì S, Margheri F, Laurenzana A, Nediani C, Peppicelli S, Calorini L. miR-214-Enriched Extracellular Vesicles Released by Acid-Adapted Melanoma Cells Promote Inflammatory Macrophage-Dependent Tumor Trans-Endothelial Migration. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205090. [PMID: 36291876 PMCID: PMC9599952 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer with high-metastatic ability. Despite the recent advancements in melanoma treatments, the prognosis of metastatic patients remains very poor. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to melanoma dissemination is urgently needed in order to develop novel therapeutical strategies to ameliorate patients’ outcomes. Extracellular vesicles (EV) released by tumor cells are key players in metastasis development: by conveying bioactive molecules with oncogenic activity, they can modulate the surrounding—and even the distant—microenvironment and reprogram recipient cells to facilitate the metastatic cascade. Here, we show that melanoma cells release a higher amount of miR-214-enriched EV when adapted to extracellular acidosis, which promote a macrophage activation state, capable of facilitating the trans-endothelial migration of melanoma cells. Thus, we disclose a new molecular mechanism to prevent melanoma intravasation based on miR-214 targeting. Abstract The understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to melanoma dissemination is urgently needed in view of the identification of new targets and the development of innovative strategies to improve patients’ outcomes. Within the complexity of tumor intercellular communications leading to metastatic dissemination, extracellular vesicles (EV) released by tumor cells are central players. Indeed, the ability to travel through the circulatory system conveying oncogenic bioactive molecules even at distant sites makes EV capable of modulating recipient cells to facilitate metastatic dissemination. The dynamic remodeling of the tumor microenvironment might influence, along with a number of other events, tumoral EV release. We observed that, in melanoma, extracellular acidosis increases the release of EV enriched in miR-214, an onco-miRNA involved in melanoma metastasis. Then, miR-214-enriched EV were found to induce a state of macrophage activation, leading to an overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide. Such an inflammatory microenvironment was able to alter the endothelial cell permeability, thereby facilitating the trans-endothelial migration of melanoma cells, a crucial step in the metastatic cascade. The use of synthetic miR-214 inhibitors and miR-214 overexpression allowed us to demonstrate the key role of miR-214 in the EV-dependent induction of macrophage activation. Overall, our in vitro study reveals that the release of tumor miR-214-enriched EV, potentiated by adapting tumor cells to extracellular acidosis, drives a macrophage-dependent trans-endothelial migration of melanoma cells. This finding points to miR-214 as a potential new therapeutic target to prevent melanoma intravasation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.A.); (L.C.)
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Versienti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Lulli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Daniele Guasti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nardini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Simona Serratì
- Laboratory of Nanotecnology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Margheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Nediani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.A.); (L.C.)
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Bianchini F, Fabbian G. CMB spectral distortions revisited: A new take on
μ
distortions and primordial non-Gaussianities from FIRAS data. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.063527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Peri S, Ruzzolini J, Urciuoli S, Versienti G, Biagioni A, Andreucci E, Peppicelli S, Bianchini F, Bottari A, Calorini L, Nediani C, Magnelli L, Papucci L. An Oleocanthal-Enriched EVO Oil Extract Induces the ROS Production in Gastric Cancer Cells and Potentiates the Effect of Chemotherapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091762. [PMID: 36139836 PMCID: PMC9495378 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleocanthal, a minor polar compound in extra-virgin olive (EVO) oil, contains anticancer properties, which should be encouraged in its use in oncology. Gastric Cancer (GC), a very aggressive human cancer, is often diagnosed at advanced stages, when surgery is substituted or supported by chemotherapy (CT). However, CT frequently fails due to the patient’s resistance to the treatment. Thus, the aim of this study is to verify whether an OC-enriched EVO oil extract fraction (OCF) may be useful in order to overcome a resistance to GC. We evaluated the OCF effects on an AGS gastric adenocarcinoma cell line wild type (AGS wt) and on its subpopulations resistant to 5-fluorouracil (5FUr), Paclitaxel (TAXr) or cisplatin (CISr). We found that a 60 µM dose of the OCF acts on the AGS wt, 5FUr and TAXr, leading to the cell cycle inhibition and to a ROS production, but not on CISr cells. Resistance of CISr to the OCF seems to be due to higher levels of antioxidant-enzymes that can counteract the OCF-induced ROS production. Moreover, using the OCF plus 5-fluorouracil, Paclitaxel or cisplatin, we found a potentiating effect compared with a mono-treatment in all resistant GC cells, including CISr. In conclusion, the use of the OCF in the management of GC has shown very interesting advantages, opening-up the possibility to evaluate the efficacy of the OCF in vivo, as a valid adjuvant in the treatment of resistant GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Peri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Urciuoli
- PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement, Technology and Analysis)-DiSIA, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff, 6, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Versienti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Bottari
- Digestive Surgery Unit, AOU Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer, and High Education (DENOTHE), University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Nediani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0552751203
| | - Lucia Magnelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Papucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
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Calugi L, Lenci E, Bianchini F, Contini A, Trabocchi A. Modular synthesis of 2,4-diaminoanilines as CNS drug-like non-covalent inhibitors of asparagine endopeptidase. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 63:116746. [PMID: 35430537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Asparagine endopeptidase (AEP), also called legumain, is a pH-dependent endolysosomal cysteine protease that cleaves its substrates after asparagine residues. Recent studies showed that it possesses δ-secretase activity and that it is implicated in numerous neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Following evidence of aryl-morpholines as useful asparagine endopeptidase inhibitors, a series of morpholinoanilines with diverse substituents at ortho position were synthesized in view of improving the potency and scope of this molecular scaffold, allowing to identify ethyl 2-isonipecotate-4-morpholinoaniline possessing inhibition potency in the nanomolar range. CNS MPO (CNS MultiParameter Optimization) calculations revealed that most of the compounds developed in this work show physicochemical parameters in the desirable range for CNS drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Calugi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lenci
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences ''Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale 8 Morgagni 50, I-50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Contini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Venezian 21, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Trabocchi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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10
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Bugatti K, Andreucci E, Monaco N, Battistini L, Peppicelli S, Ruzzolini J, Curti C, Zanardi F, Bianchini F, Sartori A. Nintedanib-Containing Dual Conjugates Targeting α Vβ 6 Integrin and Tyrosine Kinase Receptors as Potential Antifibrotic Agents. ACS Omega 2022; 7:17658-17669. [PMID: 35664627 PMCID: PMC9161413 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
αVβ6 Integrin plays a fundamental role in the activation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), the major profibrotic mediator; for this reason, αVβ6 ligands have recently been forwarded to clinical phases for the therapy of fibrotic diseases. Herein, we report the synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation as antifibrotic agents of three new covalent conjugates, constituted by c(AmpLRGDL), an αVβ6 integrin-recognizing small cyclopeptide, and nintedanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) treatment. One of these conjugates recapitulates optimal in vitro antifibrotic properties of the two active units. The integrin ligand portion within the conjugate plays a role in inhibiting profibrotic stimuli, potentiating the nintedanib effect and favoring the selective uptake of the conjugate in cells overexpressing αVβ6 integrin. These results may open a new perspective on the development of dual conjugates in the targeted therapy of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Bugatti
- Department
of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Andreucci
- Department
of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Noemi Monaco
- Department
of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lucia Battistini
- Department
of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department
of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department
of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Curti
- Department
of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Franca Zanardi
- Department
of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department
of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Sartori
- Department
of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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11
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Baldini L, Lenci E, Bianchini F, Trabocchi A. Identification of a Common Pharmacophore for Binding to MMP2 and RGD Integrin: Towards a Multitarget Approach to Inhibit Cancer Angiogenesis and Metastasis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041249. [PMID: 35209039 PMCID: PMC8879803 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
During tumor angiogenesis different growth factors, cytokines and other molecules interact closely with each other to facilitate tumor cell invasion and metastatic diffusion. The most intensively studied as molecular targets in anti-angiogenic therapies are vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and related receptors, integrin receptors and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Considering the poor efficacy of cancer angiogenesis monotherapies, we reasoned combining the inhibition of αvβ3 and MMP2 as a multitarget approach to deliver a synergistic blockade of tumor cell migration, invasion and metastasis. Accordingly, we identified a common pharmacophore in the binding cavity of MMP2 and αvβ3, demonstrating such approach with the design, synthesis and bioassays of tyrosine-derived peptidomimetics carrying the necessary functional groups to bind to key pharmacophoric elements of MMP2 and αvβ3 RGD integrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Baldini
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (L.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Elena Lenci
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (L.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Andrea Trabocchi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (L.B.); (E.L.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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Ippolito L, Comito G, Parri M, Iozzo M, Duatti A, Virgilio F, Lorito N, Bacci M, Pardella E, Sandrini G, Bianchini F, Damiano R, Ferrone L, la Marca G, Serni S, Spatafora P, Catapano CV, Morandi A, Giannoni E, Chiarugi P. Lactate rewires lipid metabolism and sustains a metabolic-epigenetic axis in prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1267-1282. [PMID: 35135811 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lactate is an abundant oncometabolite in the tumor environment. In prostate cancer (PCa), cancer-associated fibroblasts are major contributors of secreted lactate, which can be taken up by cancer cells to sustain mitochondrial metabolism. However, how lactate impacts transcriptional regulation in tumors has yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we describe a mechanism by which CAF-secreted lactate is able to increase the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism in PCa cells.This regulation enhanced intracellular lipid accumulation in lipid droplets (LD) and provided acetyl moieties for histone acetylation, establishing a regulatory loop between metabolites and epigenetic modification. Inhibition of this loop by targeting the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) protein family of histone acetylation readers suppressed the expression of perilipin-2 (PLIN2), a crucial component of LDs, disrupting lactate-dependent lipid metabolic rewiring. Inhibition of this CAF-induced metabolic-epigenetic regulatory loop in vivo reduced growth and metastasis of prostate cancer cells, demonstrating its translational relevance as a therapeutic target in PCa. Clinically, PLIN2 expression was elevated in tumors with a higher Gleason grade and in castration resistant prostate cancer compared to primary PCa. Overall, these findings show that lactate has both a metabolic and an epigenetic role in promoting PCa progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Ippolito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Giuseppina Comito
- Department of Exsperimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Matteo Parri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Marta Iozzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Assia Duatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Francesca Virgilio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Nicla Lorito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Marina Bacci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Elisa Pardella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Giada Sandrini
- Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Oncology Research
| | | | - Roberta Damiano
- Newborn Screening Neonatal, biochemistry and pharmacology, Meyer Children's Hospital
| | | | - Giancarlo la Marca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | | | - Pietro Spatafora
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence
| | - Carlo V Catapano
- Universita' della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Institute of Oncology Research
| | - Andrea Morandi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Elisa Giannoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Paola Chiarugi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
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13
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Andreucci E, Peppicelli S, Ruzzolini J, Bianchini F, Calorini L. Physicochemical aspects of the tumour microenvironment as drivers of vasculogenic mimicry. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:935-951. [PMID: 36224457 PMCID: PMC9758104 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10067-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Tumour vascularisation is vital for cancer sustainment representing not only the main source of nutrients and oxygen supply but also an escape route for single or clustered cancer cells that, once detached from the primary mass, enter the blood circulation and disseminate to distant organs. Among the mechanisms identified to contribute to tumour vascularisation, vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is gaining increasing interest in the scientific community representing an intriguing target for cancer treatment. VM indeed associates with highly aggressive tumour phenotypes and strongly impairs patient outcomes. Differently from vessels of healthy tissues, tumour vasculature is extremely heterogeneous and tortuous, impeding efficient chemotherapy delivery, and at the meantime hyperpermeable and thus extremely accessible to metastasising cancer cells. Moreover, tumour vessel disorganisation creates a self-reinforcing vicious circle fuelling cancer malignancy and progression. Because of the inefficient oxygen delivery and metabolic waste removal from tumour vessels, many cells within the tumour mass indeed experience hypoxia and acidosis, now considered hallmarks of cancer. Being strong inducers of vascularisation, therapy resistance, inflammation and metastasis, hypoxia and acidosis create a permissive microenvironment for cancer progression and dissemination. Along with these considerations, we decided to focus our attention on the relationship between hypoxia/acidosis and VM. Indeed, besides tumour angiogenesis, VM is strongly influenced by both hypoxia and acidosis, which could potentiate each other and fuel this vicious circle. Thus, targeting hypoxia and acidosis may represent a potential target to treat VM to impair tumour perfusion and cancer cell sustainment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Andreucci
- grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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14
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Chatzisideri T, Leonidis G, Karampelas T, Skavatsou E, Velentza-Almpani A, Bianchini F, Tamvakopoulos C, Sarli V. Integrin-Mediated Targeted Cancer Therapy Using c(RGDyK)-Based Conjugates of Gemcitabine. J Med Chem 2021; 65:271-284. [PMID: 34967607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
c(RGDyK)-based conjugates of gemcitabine (GEM) with the carbonate and carbamate linkages in the 6-OH group of GEM were synthesized for the targeted delivery of GEM to integrin αvβ3, overexpressing cancer cells to increase the stability as well as the tumor delivery of GEM and minimize common side effects associated with GEM treatment. Competitive cell uptake experiments demonstrated that conjugate TC113 could be internalized by A549 cells through integrin αvβ3. Among the synthesized conjugates, TC113 bearing the carbamate linker was stable in human plasma and was further assessed in an in vivo pharmacokinetic study. TC113 appeared to be relatively stable, releasing GEM slowly into blood, while it showed potent antiproliferative properties against WM266.4 and A549 cells. The encouraging data presented in this study with respect to TC113 provide a promising keystone for further investigation of this GEM conjugate with potential future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Chatzisideri
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Leonidis
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodoros Karampelas
- Center of Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Division of Pharmacology-Pharmacotechnology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Soranou Ephessiou Street 4, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Eleni Skavatsou
- Center of Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Division of Pharmacology-Pharmacotechnology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Soranou Ephessiou Street 4, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Angeliki Velentza-Almpani
- Center of Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Division of Pharmacology-Pharmacotechnology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Soranou Ephessiou Street 4, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, V.le GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Constantin Tamvakopoulos
- Center of Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Division of Pharmacology-Pharmacotechnology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Soranou Ephessiou Street 4, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Sarli
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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15
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Sartori A, Bugatti K, Portioli E, Baiula M, Casamassima I, Bruno A, Bianchini F, Curti C, Zanardi F, Battistini L. New 4-Aminoproline-Based Small Molecule Cyclopeptidomimetics as Potential Modulators of α 4β 1 Integrin. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196066. [PMID: 34641610 PMCID: PMC8512764 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin α4β1 belongs to the leukocyte integrin family and represents a therapeutic target of relevant interest given its primary role in mediating inflammation, autoimmune pathologies and cancer-related diseases. The focus of the present work is the design, synthesis and characterization of new peptidomimetic compounds that are potentially able to recognize α4β1 integrin and interfere with its function. To this aim, a collection of seven new cyclic peptidomimetics possessing both a 4-aminoproline (Amp) core scaffold grafted onto key α4β1-recognizing sequences and the (2-methylphenyl)ureido-phenylacetyl (MPUPA) appendage, was designed, with the support of molecular modeling studies. The new compounds were synthesized through SPPS procedures followed by in-solution cyclization maneuvers. The biological evaluation of the new cyclic ligands in cell adhesion assays on Jurkat cells revealed promising submicromolar agonist activity in one compound, namely, the c[Amp(MPUPA)Val-Asp-Leu] cyclopeptide. Further investigations will be necessary to complete the characterization of this class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sartori
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (A.S.); (K.B.); (E.P.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Kelly Bugatti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (A.S.); (K.B.); (E.P.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Elisabetta Portioli
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (A.S.); (K.B.); (E.P.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Monica Baiula
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Irene Casamassima
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Agostino Bruno
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (A.S.); (K.B.); (E.P.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale G.B. Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy;
| | - Claudio Curti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (A.S.); (K.B.); (E.P.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Franca Zanardi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (A.S.); (K.B.); (E.P.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Lucia Battistini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (A.S.); (K.B.); (E.P.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (F.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0521-906040
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16
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Andreucci E, Laurenzana A, Peppicelli S, Biagioni A, Margheri F, Ruzzolini J, Bianchini F, Fibbi G, Del Rosso M, Nediani C, Serratì S, Fucci L, Guida M, Calorini L. uPAR controls vasculogenic mimicry ability expressed by drug-resistant melanoma cells. Oncol Res 2021; 28:873-884. [PMID: 34315564 PMCID: PMC8790129 DOI: 10.3727/096504021x16273798026651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive skin cancer characterized by an elevated grade of tumor cell plasticity. Such plasticity allows melanoma cells adaptation to different hostile conditions and guarantees tumor survival and disease progression, including aggressive features such as drug resistance. Indeed, almost 50% of melanoma rapidly develop resistance to the BRAFV600E inhibitor vemurafenib, with fast tumor dissemination, a devastating consequence for patients' outcomes. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM), the ability of cancer cells to organize themselves in perfused vascular-like channels, might sustain tumor spread by providing vemurafenib-resistant cancer cells with supplementary ways to enter into circulation and disseminate. Thus, this research aims to determine if vemurafenib resistance goes with the acquisition of VM ability by aggressive melanoma cells, and identify a driving molecule for both vemurafenib resistance and VM. We used two independent experimental models of drug-resistant melanoma cells, the first one represented by a chronic adaptation of melanoma cells to extracellular acidosis, known to drive a particularly aggressive and vemurafenib-resistant phenotype, the second one generated with chronic vemurafenib exposure. By performing in vitro tube formation assay and evaluating the expression levels of the VM markers EphA2 and VE-cadherin by western blotting and flow cytometer analyses, we demonstrated that vemurafenib-resistant cells obtained by both models are characterized by an increased ability to perform VM. Moreover, by exploiting the CRISPR-Cas9 technique and using the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) inhibitor M25, we identified uPAR as a driver of VM expressed by vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cells. Thus, uPAR targeting may be successfully leveraged as a new complementary therapy to inhibit VM in drug-resistant melanoma patients, to counteract the rapid progression and dissemination of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Margheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fibbi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Del Rosso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy.,Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer and High Education DenoTHE University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Nediani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Simona Serratì
- Laboratory of Nanotecnology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Livia Fucci
- Pathology Department, IRCCS IstitutoTumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Guida
- Rare tumors and Melnaoma Unit, IRCCS IstitutoTumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy.,Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer and High Education DenoTHE University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
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17
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Biagioni A, Chillà A, Del Rosso M, Fibbi G, Scavone F, Andreucci E, Peppicelli S, Bianchini F, Calorini L, Li Santi A, Ragno P, Margheri F, Laurenzana A. CRISPR/Cas9 uPAR Gene Knockout Results in Tumor Growth Inhibition, EGFR Downregulation and Induction of Stemness Markers in Melanoma and Colon Carcinoma Cell Lines. Front Oncol 2021; 11:663225. [PMID: 34055629 PMCID: PMC8163229 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.663225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
uPAR is a globular protein, tethered to the cell membrane by a GPI-anchor involved in several cancer-related properties and its overexpression commonly correlates with poor prognosis and metastasis. We investigated the consequences of uPAR irreversible loss in human melanoma and colon cancer cell lines, knocking out its expression by CRISPR/Cas9. We analyzed through flow cytometry, western blotting and qPCR, the modulation of the most known cancer stem cells-associated genes and the EGFR while we observed the proliferation rate exploiting 2D and 3D cellular models. We also generated uPAR “rescue” expression cell lines as well as we promoted the expression of only its 3’UTR to demonstrate the involvement of uPAR mRNA in tumor progression. Knocking out PLAUR, uPAR-encoding gene, we observed an inhibited growth ratio unexpectedly coupled with a significant percentage of cells acquiring a stem-like phenotype. In vivo experiments demonstrated that uPAR loss completely abrogates tumorigenesis despite the gained stem-like profile. Nonetheless, we proved that the reintroduction of the 3’UTR of PLAUR gene was sufficient to restore the wild-type status validating the hypothesis that such a region may act as a “molecular sponge”. In particular miR146a, by binding PLAUR 3’ UTR region might be responsible for uPAR-dependent inhibition of EGFR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Anastasia Chillà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Mario Del Rosso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fibbi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Scavone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Anna Li Santi
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Pia Ragno
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Francesca Margheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
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18
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Armanetti P, Chillà A, Margheri F, Biagioni A, Menichetti L, Margheri G, Ratto F, Centi S, Bianchini F, Severi M, Traversi R, Bani D, Lulli M, Del Rosso T, Mocali A, Rovida E, Del Rosso M, Fibbi G, Laurenzana A. Enhanced Antitumoral Activity and Photoacoustic Imaging Properties of AuNP-Enriched Endothelial Colony Forming Cells on Melanoma. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:2001175. [PMID: 33643785 PMCID: PMC7887578 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Near infrared (NIR)-resonant gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) hold great promise in cancer diagnostics and treatment. However, translating the theranostic potential of AuNPs into clinical applications still remains a challenge due to the difficulty to improve the efficiency and specificity of tumor delivery in vivo as well as the clearance from liver and spleen to avoid off target toxicity. In this study, endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) are exploited as vehicles to deliver AuNPs to tumors. It is first demonstrated that ECFCs display a great capability to intake AuNPs without losing viability, and exert antitumor activity per se. Using a human melanoma xenograft mouse model, it is next demonstrated that AuNP-loaded ECFCs retain their capacity to migrate to tumor sites in vivo 1 day after injection and stay in the tumor mass for more than 1 week. In addition, it is demonstrated that ECFC-loaded AuNPs are efficiently cleared by the liver over time and do not elicit any sign of damage to healthy tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Armanetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC)National Research CouncilPisa56124Italy
| | - Anastasia Chillà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Francesca Margheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC)National Research CouncilPisa56124Italy
| | - Giancarlo Margheri
- Institute for Complex SystemsNational Research CouncilSesto Fiorentino50019Italy
| | - Fulvio Ratto
- Institute of Applied Physics “N. Carrara”National Research CouncilSesto Fiorentino50019Italy
| | - Sonia Centi
- Institute of Applied Physics “N. Carrara”National Research CouncilSesto Fiorentino50019Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Mirko Severi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”University of FlorenceSesto Fiorentino50019Italy
| | - Rita Traversi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”University of FlorenceSesto Fiorentino50019Italy
| | - Daniele Bani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Matteo Lulli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Tommaso Del Rosso
- Department of PhysicsPontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro22451‐900Brazil
| | - Alessandra Mocali
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rovida
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Mario Del Rosso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Gabriella Fibbi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence50134Italy
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19
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Peppicelli S, Andreucci E, Ruzzolini J, Bianchini F, Nediani C, Supuran CT, Calorini L. The Carbonic Anhydrase IX inhibitor SLC-0111 as emerging agent against the mesenchymal stem cell-derived pro-survival effects on melanoma cells. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 35:1185-1193. [PMID: 32396749 PMCID: PMC7269050 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1764549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) take part to solid tumour-associated stroma and critically influence progression of malignancy. Our study represents a striking example of melanoma progression to a more malignant and resistant phenotype promoted by MSC and the possibility to contrast this diabolic liaison using CAIX inhibitors. In particular, we demonstrated that melanoma cells exposed to a MSC-conditioned medium switch to a more malignant phenotype, characterised by resistance to programmed cell death and endowed with an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and stem cell characteristics. These effects were reversed abrogating MSC CAIX activity using SLC-0111, a CAIX inhibitor. Moreover, the acquisition by melanoma cells of a Vemurafenib-resistant phenotype upon MSC-conditioned medium exposure was removed when MSC were treated with SLC-0111. Therefore, MSC may profoundly reprogramme melanoma cells towards a wide resistant phenotype through CAIX involvement, as the use of SLC-0111 is able to contrast the development of this highly risky adaptation for disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Andreucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Nediani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer and High Education, DenoTHE University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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20
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Andreucci E, Margheri F, Peppicelli S, Bianchini F, Ruzzolini J, Laurenzana A, Fibbi G, Bruni C, Bellando-Randone S, Guiducci S, Romano E, Manetti M, Matucci-Cerinic M, Calorini L. Glycolysis-derived acidic microenvironment as a driver of endothelial dysfunction in systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:4508-4519. [PMID: 33471123 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by peripheral vasculopathy and skin and internal organ fibrosis. Accumulating evidence underlines a close association between a metabolic reprogramming of activated fibroblasts and fibrosis. This prompted us to determine the metabolism of SSc dermal fibroblasts and the effect on the vasculopathy characterizing the disease. METHODS Seahorse XF96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer was exploited to evaluate SSc fibroblast metabolism. In vitro invasion and capillary morphogenesis assays were used to determine the angiogenic ability of endothelial cells (EC). Immunofluorescence, flow cytometer and real time PCR techniques provided evidence of the molecular mechanism behind the impaired vascularization that characterizes SSc patients. RESULTS SSc fibroblasts, compared with control, showed a boosted glycolytic metabolism with increased lactic acid release and subsequent extracellular acidification, that in turn was found to impair EC invasion and organization in capillary-like networks without altering cell viability. A molecular link between extracellular acidosis and endothelial dysfunction was identified as acidic EC up-regulated MMP-12 which cleaves and inactivates uPAR, impairing angiogenesis in SSc. Moreover, the acidic environment was found to induce the loss of endothelial markers and the acquisition of mesenchymal-like features in EC, thus promoting the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) process that contributes to both capillary rarefaction and tissue fibrosis in SSc. CONCLUSION This study disclosed a liaison among the metabolic reprogramming of SSc dermal fibroblasts, extracellular acidosis and endothelial dysfunction that may contribute to the impairment and loss of peripheral capillary networks in SSc disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Margheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fibbi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Cosimo Bruni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Bellando-Randone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Serena Guiducci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Eloisa Romano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mirko Manetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Matucci-Cerinic
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer and High Education DenoTHE University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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21
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Ruzzolini J, Laurenzana A, Andreucci E, Peppicelli S, Bianchini F, Carta F, Supuran CT, Romanelli MN, Nediani C, Calorini L. A potentiated cooperation of carbonic anhydrase IX and histone deacetylase inhibitors against cancer. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:391-397. [PMID: 31865754 PMCID: PMC6968260 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1706090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of tumour recurrence and resistance limits the survival rate for most tumour-bearing patients. Only, combination therapies targeting pathways involved in the induction and in the maintenance of cancer growth and progression might potentially result in an enhanced therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we provided a prospective combination treatment that includes suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a well-known inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), and SLC-0111, a novel inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX. We proved that HDAC inhibition with SAHA in combination with SLC-0111 affects cell viability and colony forming capability to greater extent than either treatment alone of breast, colorectal and melanoma cancer cells. At the molecular level, this therapeutic regimen resulted in a synergistically increase of histone H4 and p53 acetylation in all tested cell lines. Overall, our findings showed that SAHA and SLC-0111 can be regarded as very attractive combination providing a potential therapeutic strategy against different cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Nediani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer and High Education, DenoTHE University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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22
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Bianchini F, Wu W, Ade P, Anderson A, Austermann J, Avva J, Balkenhol L, Baxter E, Beall J, Bender A, Benson B, Bleem L, Carlstrom J, Chang C, Chaubal P, Chiang H, Chou T, Citron R, Corbett Moran C, Crawford T, Crites A, de Haan T, Dobbs M, Everett W, Gallicchio J, George E, Gilbert A, Gupta N, Halverson N, Henning J, Hilton G, Holder G, Holzapfel W, Hrubes J, Huang N, Hubmayr J, Irwin K, Knox L, Lee A, Li D, Lowitz A, Manzotti A, McMahon J, Meyer S, Millea M, Mocanu L, Montgomery J, Nadolski A, Natoli T, Nibarger J, Noble G, Novosad V, Omori Y, Padin S, Patil S, Pryke C, Reichardt C, Ruhl J, Saliwanchik B, Schaffer K, Sievers C, Simard G, Smecher G, Stark A, Story K, Tucker C, Vanderlinde K, Veach T, Vieira J, Wang G, Whitehorn N, Yefremenko V. Searching for anisotropic cosmic birefringence with polarization data from SPTpol. Int J Clin Exp Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.102.083504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Bacci M, Lorito N, Ippolito L, Ramazzotti M, Luti S, Romagnoli S, Parri M, Bianchini F, Cappellesso F, Virga F, Gao Q, Simões BM, Marangoni E, Martin LA, Comito G, Ferracin M, Giannoni E, Mazzone M, Chiarugi P, Morandi A. Reprogramming of Amino Acid Transporters to Support Aspartate and Glutamate Dependency Sustains Endocrine Resistance in Breast Cancer. Cell Rep 2020; 28:104-118.e8. [PMID: 31269432 PMCID: PMC6616584 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine therapy (ET) is the standard of care for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancers. Despite its efficacy, ∼40% of women relapse with ET-resistant (ETR) disease. A global transcription analysis in ETR cells reveals a downregulation of the neutral and basic amino acid transporter SLC6A14 governed by enhanced miR-23b-3p expression, resulting in impaired amino acid metabolism. This altered amino acid metabolism in ETR cells is supported by the activation of autophagy and the enhanced import of acidic amino acids (aspartate and glutamate) mediated by the SLC1A2 transporter. The clinical significance of these findings is validated by multiple orthogonal approaches in a large cohort of ET-treated patients, in patient-derived xenografts, and in in vivo experiments. Targeting these amino acid metabolic dependencies resensitizes ETR cells to therapy and impairs the aggressive features of ETR cells, offering predictive biomarkers and potential targetable pathways to be exploited to combat or delay ETR in ER+ breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Bacci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Nicla Lorito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Luigi Ippolito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Matteo Ramazzotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Simone Luti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Simone Romagnoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Matteo Parri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Federica Cappellesso
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Federico Virga
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Qiong Gao
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Bruno M Simões
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Division of Cancer Sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Elisabetta Marangoni
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, Paris 75248, France
| | - Lesley-Ann Martin
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Giuseppina Comito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Elisa Giannoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Paola Chiarugi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Andrea Morandi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy.
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24
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Margheri F, Maggi L, Biagioni A, Chillà A, Laurenzana A, Bianchini F, Bani D, Capone M, Mazzoni A, Rossi MC, Liotta F, Cosmi L, Giani T, Cimaz R, Fibbi G, Annunziato F, Del Rosso M. Th17 lymphocyte-dependent degradation of joint cartilage by synovial fibroblasts in a humanized mouse model of arthritis and reversal by secukinumab. Eur J Immunol 2020; 51:220-230. [PMID: 32691428 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
How T-helper (Th) lymphocyte subpopulations identified in synovial fluid from patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) (Th17, classic Th1, or nonclassic Th1) drive joint damage is of great interest for the possible use of biological drugs that inhibit the specific cytokines. Our objective was to clarify the role of such Th subpopulations in the pathogenesis of articular cartilage destruction by synovial fibroblasts (SFbs), and the effect of Th17 blockage in an animal model. SFbs were isolated from healthy subjects and patients with JIA, and peripheral blood Th lymphocytes subsets were obtained from healthy subjects. Fragments of human cartilage from healthy subjects in a collagen matrix containing JIA or normal SFbs grafted underskin in SCID mice were used to measure cartilage degradation under the effects of Th supernatants. JIA SFbs overexpress MMP9 and MMP2 and Th17 induce both MMPs in normal SFbs, while nonclassic Th1 upregulate urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) activity. In vitro invasive phenotype of normal SFbs is stimulated with conditioned medium of Th17 and nonclassic-Th1. In the in vivo "inverse wrap" model, normal SFbs stimulated with supernatants of Th17-lymphocytes and nonclassic Th1 produced a cartilage invasion and degradation similar to JIA SFbs. Secukinumab inhibits the cartilage damage triggered by factors produced by Th17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Margheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anastasia Chillà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniele Bani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Capone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Caterina Rossi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Rolando Cimaz
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fibbi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Del Rosso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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25
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Dordoni F, Scarpi D, Bianchini F, Contini A, Occhiato EG. Enantioselective Synthesis of cis
and trans
4-Aminopipecolic Acids as γ-Amino Acids for the Construction of Cyclic RGD-Containing Peptidomimetics Antagonists of α V
β 3
Integrin. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Dordoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica “U. Schiff”; Università degli Studi di Firenze; Via della Lastruccia 13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Dina Scarpi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “U. Schiff”; Università degli Studi di Firenze; Via della Lastruccia 13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche “Mario Serio”; Università degli Studi di Firenze; Viale Morgagni 50 50134 Firenze Italy
| | - Alessandro Contini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via Venezian 21 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Ernesto G. Occhiato
- Dipartimento di Chimica “U. Schiff”; Università degli Studi di Firenze; Via della Lastruccia 13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
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26
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Adachi S, Aguilar Faúndez MAO, Akiba Y, Ali A, Arnold K, Baccigalupi C, Barron D, Beck D, Bianchini F, Borrill J, Carron J, Cheung K, Chinone Y, Crowley K, El Bouhargani H, Elleflot T, Errard J, Fabbian G, Feng C, Fujino T, Goeckner-Wald N, Hasegawa M, Hazumi M, Hill CA, Howe L, Katayama N, Keating B, Kikuchi S, Kusaka A, Lee AT, Leon D, Linder E, Lowry LN, Matsuda F, Matsumura T, Minami Y, Namikawa T, Navaroli M, Nishino H, Peloton J, Pham ATP, Poletti D, Puglisi G, Reichardt CL, Segawa Y, Sherwin BD, Silva-Feaver M, Siritanasak P, Stompor R, Tajima O, Takatori S, Tanabe D, Teply GP, Vergès C. Internal Delensing of Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization B-Modes with the POLARBEAR Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:131301. [PMID: 32302154 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.131301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using only cosmic microwave background polarization data from the polarbear experiment, we measure B-mode polarization delensing on subdegree scales at more than 5σ significance. We achieve a 14% B-mode power variance reduction, the highest to date for internal delensing, and improve this result to 22% by applying for the first time an iterative maximum a posteriori delensing method. Our analysis demonstrates the capability of internal delensing as a means of improving constraints on inflationary models, paving the way for the optimal analysis of next-generation primordial B-mode experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Adachi
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - M A O Aguilar Faúndez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
- Departamento de Física, FCFM, Universidad de Chile, Blanco Encalada 2008, Santiago, Chile
| | - Y Akiba
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
| | - A Ali
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Arnold
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - C Baccigalupi
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe (IFPU), Via Beirut 2, 34014 Trieste, Italy
- National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - D Barron
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - D Beck
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC), Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France
| | - F Bianchini
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - J Borrill
- Computational Cosmology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Carron
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - K Cheung
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Chinone
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Berkeley Satellite, the University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Crowley
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H El Bouhargani
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC), Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France
| | - T Elleflot
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - J Errard
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC), Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France
| | - G Fabbian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - C Feng
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - T Fujino
- Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - N Goeckner-Wald
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Hazumi
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0222, Japan
| | - C A Hill
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L Howe
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - N Katayama
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - B Keating
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - S Kikuchi
- Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - A Kusaka
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Berkeley Satellite, the University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - A T Lee
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Radio Astronomy Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Leon
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - E Linder
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L N Lowry
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - F Matsuda
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - T Matsumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - Y Minami
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Namikawa
- DAMTP, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
| | - M Navaroli
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - H Nishino
- Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - J Peloton
- Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - A T P Pham
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - D Poletti
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe (IFPU), Via Beirut 2, 34014 Trieste, Italy
- National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - G Puglisi
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - C L Reichardt
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Y Segawa
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
| | - B D Sherwin
- Kavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 OHA, United Kingdom
| | - M Silva-Feaver
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - P Siritanasak
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - R Stompor
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC), Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France
| | - O Tajima
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - S Takatori
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - D Tanabe
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - G P Teply
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - C Vergès
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC), Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France
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Calvani M, Bruno G, Dabraio A, Subbiani A, Bianchini F, Fontani F, Casazza G, Vignoli M, De Logu F, Frenos S, Filippi L, Favre C. β3-Adrenoreceptor Blockade Induces Stem Cells Differentiation in Melanoma Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041420. [PMID: 32093135 PMCID: PMC7073111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there is an increasing evidence that cancer stem cell (CSC) niches in the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in sustaining solid tumors progression, several molecular players involved in this regulation still remain unknown. The role of β-adrenergic signaling in enhancing tumor growth through β2-adrenoreceptors (β2-ARs) has been confirmed in different cancer models, but the role played by the β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) has recently emerged. Previous studies showed that β3-AR promotes cancer growth through the activation of different stromal cells in the TME, and leads to melanoma malignancy progression through inflammation, angiogenesis, and immunotolerance. Here we show that in B16 melanoma-bearing mice, the pharmacological β3-AR blockade is able to reduce the expression of CSC markers, and to induce a differentiated phenotype of hematopoietic subpopulations in TME. In particular, cytofluorimetric analysis (FACS) of the tumor mass shows that β3-AR antagonist SR59230A promotes hematopoietic differentiation as indicated by increased ratios of lymphoid/hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and of myeloid progenitor cells/HSCs, and increases the number of Ter119 and natural killer (NK) precursor cells, and of granulocyte precursors, indicating active hematopoiesis within the tumor tissue. Moreover, pharmacological antagonism of β3-AR induces mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation into adipocytes subtracting a potential renewal of the stem compartment by these cells. Here we demonstrate that β3-AR blockade in the TME by inducing the differentiation of different stromal cells at the expense of stemness traits could possibly have a favorable effect on the control of melanoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Calvani
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Meyer University Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy; (G.B.); (A.D.); (A.S.); (F.F.); (M.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-055-7944573
| | - Gennaro Bruno
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Meyer University Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy; (G.B.); (A.D.); (A.S.); (F.F.); (M.V.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Annalisa Dabraio
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Meyer University Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy; (G.B.); (A.D.); (A.S.); (F.F.); (M.V.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Angela Subbiani
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Meyer University Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy; (G.B.); (A.D.); (A.S.); (F.F.); (M.V.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Filippo Fontani
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Meyer University Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy; (G.B.); (A.D.); (A.S.); (F.F.); (M.V.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Gabriella Casazza
- Paediatric Hematology Oncology, Bone Marrow Transplant, S. Chiara University Hospital of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Marina Vignoli
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Meyer University Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy; (G.B.); (A.D.); (A.S.); (F.F.); (M.V.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Francesco De Logu
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Stefano Frenos
- Hematology-Oncology Department, “Anna Meyer Children’s Hospital”, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.F.); (C.F.)
| | - Luca Filippi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical Surgical Fetal-Neonatal Department, Meyer “University Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Claudio Favre
- Hematology-Oncology Department, “Anna Meyer Children’s Hospital”, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.F.); (C.F.)
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28
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Peppicelli S, Andreucci E, Ruzzolini J, Bianchini F, Calorini L. FDG uptake in cancer: a continuing debate. Theranostics 2020; 10:2944-2948. [PMID: 32194847 PMCID: PMC7053207 DOI: 10.7150/thno.40599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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29
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Andreucci E, Ruzzolini J, Peppicelli S, Bianchini F, Laurenzana A, Carta F, Supuran CT, Calorini L. The carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitor SLC-0111 sensitises cancer cells to conventional chemotherapy. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:117-123. [PMID: 30362384 PMCID: PMC6211231 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1532419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug combination represents one of the most accredited strategies of cancer therapy able to improve drug efficacy and possibly overcome drug resistance. Among the agents used to complement conventional chemotherapy, carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) inhibitors appear as one of the most suitable, as markers of hypoxic and acidic cancer cells which do not respond to chemo- and radiotherapy. We performed preclinical in vitro assays to evaluate whether the SLC-0111 CAIX inhibitor co-operates and potentiates the cytotoxic effects of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs in A375-M6 melanoma cells, MCF7 breast cancer cells, and HCT116 colorectal cancer cells. Here, we demonstrate that the SLC-0111 CAIX inhibitor potentiates cytotoxicity of Dacarbazine and Temozolomide currently used for advanced melanoma treatment. SLC-0111 also increases breast cancer cell response to Doxorubicin and enhances 5-Fluorouracil cytostatic activity on colon cancer cells. These findings disclose the possibility to extend the use of CAIX inhibitors in the combination therapy of various cancer histotypes.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Carbonic Anhydrase IX/antagonists & inhibitors
- Carbonic Anhydrase IX/genetics
- Carbonic Anhydrase IX/metabolism
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/chemistry
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Cell Death/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Dacarbazine/analogs & derivatives
- Dacarbazine/chemistry
- Dacarbazine/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Fluorouracil/chemistry
- Fluorouracil/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
- HCT116 Cells
- Humans
- MCF-7 Cells
- Molecular Structure
- Phenylurea Compounds/chemistry
- Phenylurea Compounds/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Sulfonamides/chemistry
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- Temozolomide
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Andreucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer and High Education DenoTHE, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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30
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Raghunathan S, Patil S, Baxter E, Benson BA, Bleem LE, Crawford TM, Holder GP, McClintock T, Reichardt CL, Varga TN, Whitehorn N, Ade PAR, Allam S, Anderson AJ, Austermann JE, Avila S, Avva JS, Bacon D, Beall JA, Bender AN, Bianchini F, Bocquet S, Brooks D, Burke DL, Carlstrom JE, Carretero J, Castander FJ, Chang CL, Chiang HC, Citron R, Costanzi M, Crites AT, da Costa LN, Desai S, Diehl HT, Dietrich JP, Dobbs MA, Doel P, Everett S, Evrard AE, Feng C, Flaugher B, Fosalba P, Frieman J, Gallicchio J, García-Bellido J, Gaztanaga E, George EM, Giannantonio T, Gilbert A, Gruendl RA, Gschwend J, Gupta N, Gutierrez G, de Haan T, Halverson NW, Harrington N, Henning JW, Hilton GC, Hollowood DL, Holzapfel WL, Honscheid K, Hrubes JD, Huang N, Hubmayr J, Irwin KD, Jeltema T, Kind MC, Knox L, Kuropatkin N, Lahav O, Lee AT, Li D, Lima M, Lowitz A, Maia MAG, Marshall JL, McMahon JJ, Melchior P, Menanteau F, Meyer SS, Miquel R, Mocanu LM, Mohr JJ, Montgomery J, Moran CC, Nadolski A, Natoli T, Nibarger JP, Noble G, Novosad V, Ogando RLC, Padin S, Plazas AA, Pryke C, Rapetti D, Romer AK, Roodman A, Rosell AC, Rozo E, Ruhl JE, Rykoff ES, Saliwanchik BR, Sanchez E, Sayre JT, Scarpine V, Schaffer KK, Schubnell M, Serrano S, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Sievers C, Smecher G, Smith M, Soares-Santos M, Stark AA, Story KT, Suchyta E, Swanson MEC, Tarle G, Tucker C, Vanderlinde K, Veach T, De Vicente J, Vieira JD, Vikram V, Wang G, Wu WLK, Yefremenko V, Zhang Y. Detection of CMB-Cluster Lensing using Polarization Data from SPTpol. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:181301. [PMID: 31763885 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.181301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report the first detection of gravitational lensing due to galaxy clusters using only the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The lensing signal is obtained using a new estimator that extracts the lensing dipole signature from stacked images formed by rotating the cluster-centered Stokes QU map cutouts along the direction of the locally measured background CMB polarization gradient. Using data from the SPTpol 500 deg^{2} survey at the locations of roughly 18 000 clusters with richness λ≥10 from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year-3 full galaxy cluster catalog, we detect lensing at 4.8σ. The mean stacked mass of the selected sample is found to be (1.43±0.40)×10^{14}M_{⊙} which is in good agreement with optical weak lensing based estimates using DES data and CMB-lensing based estimates using SPTpol temperature data. This measurement is a key first step for cluster cosmology with future low-noise CMB surveys, like CMB-S4, for which CMB polarization will be the primary channel for cluster lensing measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Raghunathan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - S Patil
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - E Baxter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - B A Benson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, MS209, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - L E Bleem
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - T M Crawford
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - G P Holder
- Astronomy Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, CIFAR Program in Gravity and the Extreme Universe, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada
| | - T McClintock
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - C L Reichardt
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - T N Varga
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse, Garching 85748, Germany
- Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, LudwigMaximilians Universität München, Scheinerstr. 1, München 81679, Germany
| | - N Whitehorn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - P A R Ade
- Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Allam
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A J Anderson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, MS209, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J E Austermann
- NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - S Avila
- Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J S Avva
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Bacon
- Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Dennis Sciama Building, Burnaby Road, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, United Kingdom
| | - J A Beall
- NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - A N Bender
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - F Bianchini
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - S Bocquet
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr. 1, Munich 81679, Germany
| | - D Brooks
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - D L Burke
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J E Carlstrom
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J Carretero
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) 08193, Spain
| | - F J Castander
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - C L Chang
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H C Chiang
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - R Citron
- University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M Costanzi
- Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Scheinerstr. 1, München 81679, Germany
| | - A T Crites
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- California Institute of Technology, MS 249-17, 1216 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - L N da Costa
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
| | - S Desai
- Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
| | - H T Diehl
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J P Dietrich
- Excellence Cluster Origins, Boltzmannstr. 2, Garching 85748, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr. 1, Munich 81679, Germany
| | - M A Dobbs
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, CIFAR Program in Gravity and the Extreme Universe, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - P Doel
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - S Everett
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - A E Evrard
- Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - C Feng
- Astronomy Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - B Flaugher
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - P Fosalba
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - J Frieman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J Gallicchio
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, California 91711, USA
| | - J García-Bellido
- Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Gaztanaga
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - E M George
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, Garching bei München 85748, Germany
| | - T Giannantonio
- Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, United Kingdom
- Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, United Kingdom
| | - A Gilbert
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - R A Gruendl
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J Gschwend
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
| | - N Gupta
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - G Gutierrez
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - T de Haan
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N W Halverson
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - N Harrington
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J W Henning
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G C Hilton
- NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - D L Hollowood
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W L Holzapfel
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Honscheid
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J D Hrubes
- University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - N Huang
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Hubmayr
- NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - K D Irwin
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Deptartment of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - T Jeltema
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - M Carrasco Kind
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - L Knox
- Department of Physics, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - N Kuropatkin
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - O Lahav
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - A T Lee
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Li
- NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Lima
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
- Departamento de Física Matemática, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, São Paulo, SP 05314-970, Brazil
| | - A Lowitz
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M A G Maia
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
| | - J L Marshall
- George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - J J McMahon
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - P Melchior
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - F Menanteau
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - S S Meyer
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - R Miquel
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) 08193, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona E-08010, Spain
| | - L M Mocanu
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J J Mohr
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse, Garching 85748, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Origins, Boltzmannstr. 2, Garching 85748, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr. 1, Munich 81679, Germany
| | - J Montgomery
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - C Corbett Moran
- TAPIR, Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - A Nadolski
- Astronomy Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - T Natoli
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George St, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H4, Canada
| | - J P Nibarger
- NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - G Noble
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - V Novosad
- Materials Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - R L C Ogando
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
| | - S Padin
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- California Institute of Technology, MS 249-17, 1216 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - A A Plazas
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - C Pryke
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, 116 Church Street S.E. Minneapolis, Minneapolis 55455, USA
| | - D Rapetti
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- NASA Postdoctoral Program Senior Fellow, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA
| | - A K Romer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - A Roodman
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Carnero Rosell
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - E Rozo
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - J E Ruhl
- Physics Department, Center for Education and Research in Cosmology and Astrophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - E S Rykoff
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - B R Saliwanchik
- Physics Department, Center for Education and Research in Cosmology and Astrophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- Department of Physics, Yale University, P.O. Box 208120, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8120, USA
| | - E Sanchez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - J T Sayre
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - V Scarpine
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - K K Schaffer
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Liberal Arts Department, School of the Art Institute of Chicago, 112 S Michigan Ave, Chicago, Illinois 60603, USA
| | - M Schubnell
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - S Serrano
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - I Sevilla-Noarbe
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - C Sievers
- University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - G Smecher
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
- Three-Speed Logic, Inc., Vancouver, British Columbia V6A 2J8, Canada
| | - M Smith
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - M Soares-Santos
- Brandeis University, Physics Department, 415 South Street, Waltham Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - A A Stark
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - K T Story
- Deptartment of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - E Suchyta
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M E C Swanson
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - G Tarle
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - C Tucker
- Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Vanderlinde
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George St, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H4, Canada
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George St, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H4, Canada
| | - T Veach
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - J De Vicente
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - J D Vieira
- Astronomy Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - V Vikram
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Wang
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - W L K Wu
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - V Yefremenko
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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31
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Matsuda F, Lowry L, Suzuki A, Aguilar Fáundez M, Arnold K, Barron D, Bianchini F, Cheung K, Chinone Y, Elleflot T, Fabbian G, Goeckner-Wald N, Hasegawa M, Kaneko D, Katayama N, Keating B, Lee AT, Navaroli M, Nishino H, Paar H, Puglisi G, Richards PL, Seibert J, Siritanasak P, Tajima O, Takatori S, Tsai C, Westbrook B. The POLARBEAR Fourier transform spectrometer calibrator and spectroscopic characterization of the POLARBEAR instrument. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:115115. [PMID: 31779409 DOI: 10.1063/1.5095160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We describe the Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) used for in-field testing of the POLARBEAR receiver, an experiment located in the Atacama Desert of Chile which measures the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization. The POLARBEAR-FTS (PB-FTS) is a Martin-Puplett interferometer designed to couple to the Huan Tran Telescope (HTT) on which the POLARBEAR receiver is installed. The PB-FTS measured the spectral response of the POLARBEAR receiver with signal-to-noise ratio >20 for ∼69% of the focal plane detectors due to three features: a high throughput of 15.1 sr cm2, optimized optical coupling to the POLARBEAR optics using a custom designed output parabolic mirror, and a continuously modulated output polarizer. The PB-FTS parabolic mirror is designed to mimic the shape of the 2.5 m-diameter HTT primary reflector, which allows for optimum optical coupling to the POLARBEAR receiver, reducing aberrations and systematics. One polarizing grid is placed at the output of the PB-FTS and modulated via continuous rotation. This modulation allows for decomposition of the signal into different harmonics that can be used to probe potentially pernicious sources of systematic error in a polarization-sensitive instrument. The high throughput and continuous output polarizer modulation features are unique compared to other FTS calibrators used in the CMB field. In-field characterization of the POLARBEAR receiver was accomplished using the PB-FTS in April 2014. We discuss the design, construction, and operation of the PB-FTS and present the spectral characterization of the POLARBEAR receiver. We introduce future applications for the PB-FTS in the next-generation CMB experiment, the Simons Array.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Matsuda
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study,The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - L Lowry
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - A Suzuki
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Aguilar Fáundez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - K Arnold
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - D Barron
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - F Bianchini
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - K Cheung
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Chinone
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study,The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - T Elleflot
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - G Fabbian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - N Goeckner-Wald
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - D Kaneko
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study,The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - N Katayama
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study,The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - B Keating
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - A T Lee
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Navaroli
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - H Nishino
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - H Paar
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - G Puglisi
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - P L Richards
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Seibert
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - P Siritanasak
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - O Tajima
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - S Takatori
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - C Tsai
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - B Westbrook
- Radio Astronomy Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Peppicelli S, Ruzzolini J, Andreucci E, Bianchini F, Kontos F, Yamada T, Ferrone S, Calorini L. Potential Role of HLA Class I Antigens in the Glycolytic Metabolism and Motility of Melanoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091249. [PMID: 31454998 PMCID: PMC6770395 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides playing a crucial role in immune surveillance, human leukocyte antigens (HLA) possess numerous non-immune functions involved in cell communication. In the present study, screening of a panel of HLA class I- and HLA class II-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for their effects on the metabolism of human melanoma cells showed for the first time that the HLA-B,C-specific mAb B1.23.2 reduced the expression level of key glycolytic enzymes, but did not affect that of mitochondrial respiration effectors. As a result, the metabolism of melanoma cells shifted from a Warburg metabolism to a more oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, the HLA-B,C-specific mAb B1.23.2 downregulated the expression of glutamine transporter and glutaminase enzyme participating in the reduction of tricarboxylic acid cycle. The HLA-B,C-specific mAb B1.23.2-mediated reduction in energy production was associated with a reduction of melanoma cell motility. On the whole, the described results suggest that HLA class I antigens, and in particular the gene products of HLA-B and C loci play a role in the motility of melanoma cells by regulating their metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50-50134, Florence, Italy.
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50-50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50-50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50-50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Filippos Kontos
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Teppei Yamada
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50-50134, Florence, Italy.
- Istituto Toscano Tumori and Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer and High Education DenoTHE University of Florence, Piazza di San Marco, 4, 50121 Florence, Italy.
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33
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Pileggi S, De Chiara B, Magnoli M, Franzosi MG, Merlanti B, Bianchini F, Moreo A, Romeo G, Russo CF, Rizzo S, Basso C, Martinelli L, Maseri A. Sequencing of NOTCH1 gene in an Italian population with bicuspid aortic valve: Preliminary results from the GISSI OUTLIERS VAR study. Gene 2019; 715:143970. [PMID: 31330235 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.143970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) formation is genetically determined, with reduced penetrance and variable expressivity. NOTCH1 is a proven candidate gene and its mutations have been found in familial and sporadic cases of BAV. METHODS 66 BAV patients from the GISSI VAR study were genotyped for the NOTCH1 gene. RESULTS We identified 63 variants, in heterozygous and homozygous states. Fifty-two are common polymorphisms present in almost all patients. Eleven variants are new and never yet reported: two are non-synonymous substitutions, Gly540Asp in exon 10 and Glu851Gln in exon 16; one is in the 3'UTR region and seven in introns, one corresponds to a T allele insertion in intron 27. We selected four statistically noteworthy and seven new variants identified in six BAV patients and correlated them with clinical and demographic variables and with imaging and histological parameters. Preliminary data show that four were BAV patients with isolated stenosis in patients over 60 aged. These variants may correlate with a later need for surgery for the presence of stenosis and not aortic valve regurgitation or ascending aortic aneurysm. CONCLUSIONS Completing the genotyping of 62 BAV patients we found 11 new variants in the NOTCH1 gene never yet reported. These findings confirm that the identification of new, clinically remarkable biomarkers for BAV requires a deeper genetic understanding of the NOTCH1 gene variants, which could be targeted by future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Pileggi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy.
| | - Benedetta De Chiara
- Cardiology IV, "A.De Gasperis" Department, ASST GOM Niguarda, Milan, Italy; School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Magnoli
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Franzosi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Merlanti
- Cardiac Surgery, "A.De Gasperis" Department, ASST GOM Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Moreo
- Cardiology IV, "A.De Gasperis" Department, ASST GOM Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Romeo
- Department of Cardiac, Vascular and Thoracic Sciences, University of Padua, Padua
| | | | - Stefania Rizzo
- Cardiovascular Pathology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padua
| | - Cristina Basso
- Cardiovascular Pathology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padua
| | - Luigi Martinelli
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, ICLAS-Istituto Clinico Ligure Alta Specialità, Rapallo
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34
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Calvani M, Bruno G, Dal Monte M, Nassini R, Fontani F, Casini A, Cavallini L, Becatti M, Bianchini F, De Logu F, Forni G, la Marca G, Calorini L, Bagnoli P, Chiarugi P, Pupi A, Azzari C, Geppetti P, Favre C, Filippi L. β 3 -Adrenoceptor as a potential immuno-suppressor agent in melanoma. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2509-2524. [PMID: 30874296 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stress-related catecholamines have a role in cancer and β-adrenoceptors; specifically, β2 -adrenoceptors have been identified as new targets in treating melanoma. Recently, β3 -adrenoceptors have shown a pleiotropic effect on melanoma micro-environment leading to cancer progression. However, the mechanisms by which β3 -adrenoceptors promote this progression remain poorly understood. Catecholamines affect the immune system by modulating several factors that can alter immune cell sub-population homeostasis. Understanding the mechanisms of cancer immune-tolerance is one of the most intriguing challenges in modern research. This study investigates the potential role of β3 -adrenoceptors in immune-tolerance regulation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A mouse model of melanoma in which syngeneic B16-F10 cells were injected in C57BL-6 mice was used to evaluate the effect of β-adrenoceptor blockade on the number and activity of immune cell sub-populations (Treg, NK, CD8, MDSC, macrophages, and neutrophils). Pharmacological and molecular approaches with β-blockers (propranolol and SR59230A) and specific β-adrenoceptor siRNAs targeting β2 - or β3 -adrenoceptors were used. KEY RESULTS Only β3 -, but not β2 -adrenoceptors, were up-regulated under hypoxia in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and selectively expressed in immune cell sub-populations including Treg, MDSC, and NK. SR59230A and β3 -adrenoceptor siRNAs increased NK and CD8 number and cytotoxicity, while they attenuated Treg and MDSC sub-populations in the tumour mass, blood, and spleen. SR59230A and β3 -adrenoceptor siRNAs increased the ratio of M1/M2 macrophages and N1 granulocytes. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our data suggest that β3 -adrenoceptors are involved in immune-tolerance, which opens the way for new strategic therapies to overcome melanoma growth. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Adrenoceptors-New Roles for Old Players. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.14/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Calvani
- Oncohematology Unit, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Meyer University Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Gennaro Bruno
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Dal Monte
- Department of Biology, Unit of General Physiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Romina Nassini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Fontani
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Arianna Casini
- Division of Immunology, Section of Pediatrics, Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cavallini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Becatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco De Logu
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Forni
- Metabolic and Newborn Screening Clinical Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Meyer University Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Giancarlo la Marca
- Metabolic and Newborn Screening Clinical Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Meyer University Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Bagnoli
- Department of Biology, Unit of General Physiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Chiarugi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Pupi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Azzari
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Favre
- Oncohematology Unit, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Meyer University Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Filippi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical Surgical Fetal-Neonatal Department, Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
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Lenci E, Innocenti R, Di Francescantonio T, Menchi G, Bianchini F, Contini A, Trabocchi A. Identification of highly potent and selective MMP2 inhibitors addressing the S1′ subsite with d-proline-based compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1891-1902. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Bianchini F, De Santis A, Portioli E, Russo Krauss I, Battistini L, Curti C, Peppicelli S, Calorini L, D'Errico G, Zanardi F, Sartori A. Integrin-targeted AmpRGD sunitinib liposomes as integrated antiangiogenic tools. Nanomedicine 2019; 18:135-145. [PMID: 30849548 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We report here the preparation, physico-chemical characterization, and biological evaluation of a new liposome formulation as a tool for tumor angiogenesis inhibition. Liposomes are loaded with sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and decorated with cyclo-aminoprolineRGD units (cAmpRGD), efficient and selective ligands for integrin αVβ3. The RGD units play multiple roles since they target the nanovehicles at the integrin αVβ3-overexpressing cells (e.g. activated endothelial cells), favor their active cell internalization, providing drug accumulation in the cytoplasm, and likely take part in the angiogenesis inhibition by interfering in the αVβ3-VEGFR2 cross-talk. Both in vitro and in vivo studies show a better efficacy of this integrated antiangiogenic tool with respect to the free sunitinib and untargeted sunitinib-loaded liposomes. This system could allow a lower administration of the drug and, by increasing the vector specificity, reduce side-effects in a prolonged antiangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bianchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Augusta De Santis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Portioli
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Irene Russo Krauss
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Lucia Battistini
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Claudio Curti
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Gerardino D'Errico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Franca Zanardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Andrea Sartori
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy.
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Bianchini F, Portioli E, Ferlenghi F, Vacondio F, Andreucci E, Biagioni A, Ruzzolini J, Peppicelli S, Lulli M, Calorini L, Battistini L, Zanardi F, Sartori A. Cell-targeted c(AmpRGD)-sunitinib molecular conjugates impair tumor growth of melanoma. Cancer Lett 2019; 446:25-37. [PMID: 30639534 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance and off-organ toxicity remain unsolved issues in chemotherapy of advanced-stage melanoma patients. Thus, the creation of new molecular conjugates able to combine a selective accumulation, high ability of internalization and signaling pathway inhibition, are highly requested. Recently, we reported a new class of molecular conjugates, compounds 1-3, where the anti-αVβ3 integrin peptidomimetic c(AmpRGD), which is a selective ligand for αVβ3 integrin, was covalently bound to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib. Here, we report that these c(AmpRGD)-sunitinib conjugates and, in particular, compound 3, are selectively internalized by human melanoma cells through αVβ3 receptor-mediated endocytosis. Compound 3 is more effective than sunitinib in reducing in vitro melanoma cells proliferation, cloning efficiency, migration, and invasion. More interestingly, compound 3 is able to significantly reduce the growth of xenografted melanoma tumor developed in immune-compromised mice, more efficiently than an equimolar dose of sunitinib. Indeed, its targeting ability was demonstrated by the selective localization at the tumor level with respect to healthy tissues. Thus, c(AmpRGD)-sunitinib conjugates such as compound 3 could serve as intriguing multiple-target agents to selectively reach melanoma cells and interfere with the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Portioli
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferlenghi
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Federica Vacondio
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Lulli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Lucia Battistini
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Franca Zanardi
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Sartori
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124, Parma, Italy.
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Andreucci E, Pietrobono S, Peppicelli S, Ruzzolini J, Bianchini F, Biagioni A, Stecca B, Calorini L. SOX2 as a novel contributor of oxidative metabolism in melanoma cells. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:87. [PMID: 30466459 PMCID: PMC6249961 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0297-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deregulated metabolism is a hallmark of cancer and recent evidence underlines that targeting tumor energetics may improve therapy response and patient outcome. Despite the general attitude of cancer cells to exploit the glycolytic pathway even in the presence of oxygen (aerobic glycolysis or "Warburg effect"), tumor metabolism is extremely plastic, and such ability to switch from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) allows cancer cells to survive under hostile microenvironments. Recently, OxPhos has been related with malignant progression, chemo-resistance and metastasis. OxPhos is induced under extracellular acidosis, a well-known characteristic of most solid tumors, included melanoma. METHODS To evaluate whether SOX2 modulation is correlated with metabolic changes under standard or acidic conditions, SOX2 was silenced and overexpressed in several melanoma cell lines. To demonstrate that SOX2 directly represses HIF1A expression we used chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase assay. RESULTS In A375-M6 melanoma cells, extracellular acidosis increases SOX2 expression, that sustains the oxidative cancer metabolism exploited under acidic conditions. By studying non-acidic SSM2c and 501-Mel melanoma cells (high- and very low-SOX2 expressing cells, respectively), we confirmed the metabolic role of SOX2, attributing SOX2-driven OxPhos reprogramming to HIF1α pathway disruption. CONCLUSIONS SOX2 contributes to the acquisition of an aggressive oxidative tumor phenotype, endowed with enhanced drug resistance and metastatic ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Andreucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Pietrobono
- Core Research Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research and Prevention (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Barbara Stecca
- Core Research Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research and Prevention (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, 50134, Florence, Italy. .,Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer and High Education DenoTHE University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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Maggi V, Bianchini F, Portioli E, Peppicelli S, Lulli M, Bani D, Del Sole R, Zanardi F, Sartori A, Fiammengo R. Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized with RGD‐Semipeptides: A Simple yet Highly Effective Targeting System for αVβ3Integrins. Chemistry 2018; 24:12093-12100. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vito Maggi
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies@UniLeIstituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) Via Barsanti 73010 Arnesano Lecce Italy
- Department of Engineering for InnovationUniversity of Salento Via per Monteroni Km 1 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”University of Florence Viale Morgagni 50 50134 Florence Italy
| | - Elisabetta Portioli
- Food and Drug DepartmentUniversity of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 27a 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”University of Florence Viale Morgagni 50 50134 Florence Italy
| | - Matteo Lulli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”University of Florence Viale Morgagni 50 50134 Florence Italy
| | - Daniele Bani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of Florence Viale Pieraccini 6 50139 Florence Italy
| | - Roberta Del Sole
- Department of Engineering for InnovationUniversity of Salento Via per Monteroni Km 1 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Franca Zanardi
- Food and Drug DepartmentUniversity of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 27a 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Andrea Sartori
- Food and Drug DepartmentUniversity of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 27a 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Roberto Fiammengo
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies@UniLeIstituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) Via Barsanti 73010 Arnesano Lecce Italy
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40
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Margheri G, Zoppi A, Olmi R, Trigari S, Traversi R, Severi M, Bani D, Bianchini F, Torre E, Margheri F, Chillà A, Biagioni A, Calorini L, Laurenzana A, Fibbi G, Del Rosso M. Tumor-tropic endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) loaded with near-infrared sensitive Au nanoparticles: A "cellular stove" approach to the photoablation of melanoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:39846-39860. [PMID: 27223433 PMCID: PMC5129975 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the photothermal treatments (PTs) of tumor, the localization of a high number of near-infrared (NIR) absorbing gold nanoparticles in the tumor mass is still a challenging issue. Here, we propose a promising strategy to deliver therapeutic chitosan-coated gold nanoparticles to tumor cells as hidden cargo of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells (ECFCs) endowed with an innate tumor-tropism. Remarkably, ECFC gold enrichement doesn't affect cell viability and preserves the endothelial lineage characteristics such as capillary morphogenesis and cell migration. We demonstrate that heavily Au-doped ECFCs are able to efficiently warm up the tumor environment, and kill the cancer cells via hyperthermic heating both in vitro as well as in vivo. Thus, we show an excellent thermotransductive property of gold enriched ECFCs and their capability to kill melanoma cells at moderate NIR light intensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Margheri
- Institute for Complex Systems, National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Angela Zoppi
- Department of Physics "Enrico Fermi", University of Pisa, Italy.,Present address: Plasmatech, Department of Physics "Enrico Fermi", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Olmi
- Institute of Applied Physics "Nello Carrara", National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Silvana Trigari
- Institute for Complex Systems, National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Rita Traversi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Mirko Severi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Daniele Bani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Eugenio Torre
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Margheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anastasia Chillà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Excellence Center for Research, Transfer and High Education 'Study at Molecular and Clinical Level of Chronic, Inflammatory, Degenerative and Neoplastic Disorders for the Development on Novel Therapies', Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fibbi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Del Rosso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Excellence Center for Research, Transfer and High Education 'Study at Molecular and Clinical Level of Chronic, Inflammatory, Degenerative and Neoplastic Disorders for the Development on Novel Therapies', Florence, Italy
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41
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Bianchini F, Fjellvåg H, Vajeeston P. A first principle comparative study of the ionic diffusivity in LiAlO2 and NaAlO2 polymorphs for solid-state battery applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:9824-9832. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00715b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DFT-based modelling of the ionic diffusion in LiAlO2 and NaAlO2 rationalises the larger mobility of sodium under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Bianchini
- Center for Materials Sciences and Nanotechnology
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- N-0315 Oslo
- Norway
| | - H. Fjellvåg
- Center for Materials Sciences and Nanotechnology
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- N-0315 Oslo
- Norway
| | - P. Vajeeston
- Center for Materials Sciences and Nanotechnology
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- N-0315 Oslo
- Norway
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42
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Sernissi L, Ricci L, Scarpi D, Bianchini F, Arosio D, Contini A, Occhiato EG. Stereodivergent synthesis of 5-aminopipecolic acids and application in the preparation of a cyclic RGD peptidomimetic as a nanomolar αVβ3 integrin ligand. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:3402-3414. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00534f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A stereodivergent preparation of trans and cis-5-aminopipecolic acids (5-APAs) was developed to obtain constrained amino acids useful for peptidomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Sernissi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “U. Schiff”
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Luciano Ricci
- Dipartimento di Chimica “U. Schiff”
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Dina Scarpi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “U. Schiff”
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Biomedical
- Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”
- University of Florence
- Florence
- Italy
| | - Daniela Arosio
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (I.S.T.M.)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (C.N.R.)
- I-20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Alessandro Contini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- I-20133 Milan
- Italy
| | - Ernesto G. Occhiato
- Dipartimento di Chimica “U. Schiff”
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
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43
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Ruzzolini J, Peppicelli S, Andreucci E, Bianchini F, Margheri F, Laurenzana A, Fibbi G, Pimpinelli N, Calorini L. Everolimus selectively targets vemurafenib resistant BRAF V600E melanoma cells adapted to low pH. Cancer Lett 2017; 408:43-54. [PMID: 28826720 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Vemurafenib, a BRAF inhibitor, elicits in ∼80% of BRAFV600E-mutant melanoma patients a transient anti-tumor response which precedes the emergence of resistance. We tested whether an acidic tumor microenvironment may favor a BRAF inhibitor resistance. A375M6 BRAFV600E melanoma cells, either exposed for a short period or chronically adapted to an acidic medium, showed traits compatible with an epithelial-mesenchymal transition, reduced proliferation and high resistance to apoptosis. Both types of acidic cells treated with vemurafenib did not change their proliferation, distribution in cell cycle and level of p-AKT, in contrast to cells grown at standard pH, which showed reduced proliferation, cell cycle arrest and ERK/AKT inhibition. Even after treatment with trametinib (MEK inhibitor) acidic cell features did not change. Then, since both types of acidic cells exhibited high p-p70S6K, i.e. active mTOR signaling, we tested everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, which was efficient in inducing apoptosis in acidic cells without affecting melanoma cells grown at standard pH. Our results indicate that an acidic microenvironment may cooperate in inducing a BRAF inhibitor resistance in melanoma cells and a combined therapy with everolimus could be used to overcome that resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Margheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fibbi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Nicola Pimpinelli
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine (DCMT), University of Florence, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy; Istituto Toscano Tumori, Center of Excellence for the Study at Molecular and Clinical Level of Chronic, Degenerative and Neoplastic Diseases to Develop Novel Therapies (DENOTHE), Italy.
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44
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Laurenzana A, Chillà A, Luciani C, Peppicelli S, Biagioni A, Bianchini F, Tenedini E, Torre E, Mocali A, Calorini L, Margheri F, Fibbi G, Del Rosso M. uPA/uPAR system activation drives a glycolytic phenotype in melanoma cells. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:1190-1200. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Anastasia Chillà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Cristina Luciani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Elena Tenedini
- Center for Genome Research, Life Sciences Department; University of Modena; Modena 41125 Italy
| | - Eugenio Torre
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Alessandra Mocali
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Francesca Margheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Gabriella Fibbi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Mario Del Rosso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
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45
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Peppicelli S, Andreucci E, Ruzzolini J, Laurenzana A, Margheri F, Fibbi G, Del Rosso M, Bianchini F, Calorini L. The acidic microenvironment as a possible niche of dormant tumor cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:2761-2771. [PMID: 28331999 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2496-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although surgical excision, chemo-, and radio-therapy are clearly advanced, tumors may relapse due to cells of the so-called "minimal residual disease". Indeed, small clusters of tumor cells persist in host tissues after treatment of the primary tumor elaborating strategies to survive and escape from immunological attacks before their relapse: this variable period of remission is known as "cancer dormancy". Therefore, it is crucial to understand and consider the major concepts addressing dormancy, to identify new targets and disclose potential clinical strategies. Here, we have particularly focused the relationships between tumor microenvironment and cancer dormancy, looking at a re-appreciated aspect of this compartment that is the low extracellular pH. Accumulating evidences indicate that acidity of tumor microenvironment is associated with a poor prognosis of tumor-bearing patients, stimulates a chemo- and radio-therapy resistant phenotype, and suppresses the tumoricidal activity of cytotoxic lymphocytes and natural killer cells, and all these aspects are useful for dormancy. Therefore, this review discusses the possibility that acidity of tumor microenvironment may provide a new, not previously suggested, adequate milieu for "dormancy" of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Peppicelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy.,Istituto Toscano Tumori, Firenze, Italy
| | - Elena Andreucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy.,Istituto Toscano Tumori, Firenze, Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy.,Istituto Toscano Tumori, Firenze, Italy
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy.,Istituto Toscano Tumori, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Margheri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy.,Istituto Toscano Tumori, Firenze, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fibbi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy.,Istituto Toscano Tumori, Firenze, Italy
| | - Mario Del Rosso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy.,Istituto Toscano Tumori, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy. .,Istituto Toscano Tumori, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Lido Calorini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy. .,Istituto Toscano Tumori, Firenze, Italy.
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46
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Bianchini F, Fjellvåg H, Vajeeston P. First-principles study of the structural stability and electrochemical properties of Na2MSiO4 (M = Mn, Fe, Co and Ni) polymorphs. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:14462-14470. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01395g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present a DFT-based study of Na orthosilicates Na2MSIO4 (M = Mn, Fe, CO, Ni), promising novel cathode materials. The configuration space is explored, and the Na intercalation potential and diffusion barriers are calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Bianchini
- Department of Chemistry University of Oslo
- N-0315 Oslo
- Norway
| | - H. Fjellvåg
- Department of Chemistry University of Oslo
- N-0315 Oslo
- Norway
| | - P. Vajeeston
- Department of Chemistry University of Oslo
- N-0315 Oslo
- Norway
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47
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Ricci L, Sernissi L, Scarpi D, Bianchini F, Contini A, Occhiato EG. Synthesis and conformational analysis of peptides embodying 2,3-methanopipecolic acids. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:6826-6836. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01617d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
When 2,3-methanopipecolic acids replace a proline in peptides, a marked preference (42–92%) for thecisgeometry around the pipecolic amide bond is observed in both water and organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Ricci
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff”
- University of Florence
- Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sernissi
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff”
- University of Florence
- Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Dina Scarpi
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff”
- University of Florence
- Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Biomedical
- Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”
- University of Florence
- Florence
- Italy
| | - Alessandro Contini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Milan
- I-20133 Milan
- Italy
| | - Ernesto G. Occhiato
- Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff”
- University of Florence
- Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
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48
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Peppicelli S, Andreucci E, Ruzzolini J, Margheri F, Laurenzana A, Bianchini F, Calorini L. Acidity of Microenvironment as a Further Driver of Tumor Metabolic Reprogramming. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.4172/2155-9899.1000485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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49
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Sartori A, Portioli E, Battistini L, Calorini L, Pupi A, Vacondio F, Arosio D, Bianchini F, Zanardi F. Synthesis of Novel c(AmpRGD)-Sunitinib Dual Conjugates as Molecular Tools Targeting the α vβ 3 Integrin/VEGFR2 Couple and Impairing Tumor-Associated Angiogenesis. J Med Chem 2016; 60:248-262. [PMID: 27997164 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of a previously discovered anti-αVβ3 integrin peptidomimetic (c(AmpRGD)) and the clinically approved antiangiogenic kinase inhibitor sunitinib, three novel dual conjugates were synthesized (compounds 1-3), featuring the covalent and robust linkage between these two active modules. In all conjugates, the ligand binding competence toward αVβ3 (using both isolated receptors and αVβ3-overexpressing endothelial progenitor EP cells) and the kinase inhibitory activity (toward both isolated kinases and EPCs) remained almost untouched and comparable to the activity of the single active units. Compounds 1-3 showed interesting antiangiogenesis properties in an in vitro tubulogenic assay; furthermore, dimeric-RGD conjugate 3 strongly inhibited in vivo angiogenesis in Matrigel plug assays in FVB mice. These results offer proof-of-concept of how the covalent conjugation of two angiogenesis-related small modules may result in novel and stable molecules, which impair tumor-related angiogenesis with equal or even superior ability as compared to the single modules or their simple combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sartori
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Portioli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Lucia Battistini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università degli Studi di Firenze , Viale G. B. Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Alberto Pupi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università degli Studi di Firenze , Viale G. B. Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy.,Centro Interdipartimentale per lo Sviluppo Preclinico dell'Imaging Molecolare (CISPIM), Università degli Studi di Firenze , Viale G. B. Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Federica Vacondio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Daniela Arosio
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università degli Studi di Firenze , Viale G. B. Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy.,Centro Interdipartimentale per lo Sviluppo Preclinico dell'Imaging Molecolare (CISPIM), Università degli Studi di Firenze , Viale G. B. Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Franca Zanardi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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50
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Lenci E, Innocenti R, Biagioni A, Menchi G, Bianchini F, Trabocchi A. Identification of Novel Human Breast Carcinoma (MDA-MB-231) Cell Growth Modulators from a Carbohydrate-Based Diversity Oriented Synthesis Library. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21101405. [PMID: 27775632 PMCID: PMC6273552 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of a cell-based growth inhibition on a library of skeletally different glycomimetics allowed for the selection of a hexahydro-2H-furo[3,2-b][1,4]oxazine compound as candidate inhibitors of MDA-MB-231 cell growth. Subsequent synthesis of analogue compounds and preliminary biological studies validated the selection of a valuable hit compound with a novel polyhydroxylated structure for the modulation of the breast carcinoma cell cycle mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lenci
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Innocenti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Science "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Gloria Menchi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Science "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Andrea Trabocchi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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