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Geng J, Zhang Y, Gao Q, Neumann K, Dong H, Porter H, Potter M, Ren H, Argyle D, Bradley M. Switching on prodrugs using radiotherapy. Nat Chem 2021; 13:805-810. [PMID: 34112990 PMCID: PMC7611443 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00711-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a powerful tool in the armoury against cancer, but it is fraught with problems due to its global systemic toxicity. Here we report the proof of concept of a chemistry-based strategy, whereby gamma/X-ray irradiation mediates the activation of a cancer prodrug, thereby enabling simultaneous chemo-radiotherapy with radiotherapy locally activating a prodrug. In an initial demonstration, we show the activation of a fluorescent probe using this approach. Expanding on this, we show how sulfonyl azide- and phenyl azide-caged prodrugs of pazopanib and doxorubicin can be liberated using clinically relevant doses of ionizing radiation. This strategy is different to conventional chemo-radiotherapy radiation, where chemo-sensitization of the cancer takes place so that subsequent radiotherapy is more effective. This approach could enable site-directed chemotherapy, rather than systemic chemotherapy, with 'real time' drug decaging at the tumour site. As such, it opens up a new era in targeted and directed chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Geng
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yichuan Zhang
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Quan Gao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kevin Neumann
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hua Dong
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hamish Porter
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark Potter
- Department of Surgery, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hua Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shen Zhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - David Argyle
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark Bradley
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Ragozin E, Redko B, Tuchinsky E, Rozovsky A, Albeck A, Grynszpan F, Gellerman G. Biolabile peptidyl delivery systems toward sequential drug release. Biopolymers 2016; 106:119-32. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ragozin
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Boris Redko
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
- Department of Chemistry; Bar-Ilan University; Ramat Gan 52900 Israel
| | - Elena Tuchinsky
- Department of Molecular Biology; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Alex Rozovsky
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
- Department of Chemistry; Bar-Ilan University; Ramat Gan 52900 Israel
| | - Amnon Albeck
- Department of Chemistry; Bar-Ilan University; Ramat Gan 52900 Israel
| | - Flavio Grynszpan
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Gary Gellerman
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
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The Prodrug Approach: A Successful Tool for Improving Drug Solubility. Molecules 2015; 21:42. [PMID: 26729077 PMCID: PMC6273601 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Prodrug design is a widely known molecular modification strategy that aims to optimize the physicochemical and pharmacological properties of drugs to improve their solubility and pharmacokinetic features and decrease their toxicity. A lack of solubility is one of the main obstacles to drug development. This review aims to describe recent advances in the improvement of solubility via the prodrug approach. The main chemical carriers and examples of successful strategies will be discussed, highlighting the advances of this field in the last ten years.
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Guo N, Jiang D, Wang L, You X, Teng YO, Yu P. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Water-Soluble Poly-(ethylene glycol)-10-hydroxycamptothecin Conjugates. Molecules 2015; 20:9393-404. [PMID: 26007190 PMCID: PMC6272474 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20059393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to improve the antitumor activity and water solubility of 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), a series of novel HCPT conjugates were designed and synthesized by conjugating polyethylene glycol (PEG) to the 10-hydroxyl group of HCPT via a valine spacer. The in vitro stability of these synthesized compounds was determined in pH 7.4 buffer at 37 °C, and the results showed that they released HCPT at different rates. All the compounds demonstrated significant antitumor activity in vitro against K562, HepG2 and HT-29 cells. Among them, compounds, 4a, 4d, 4e and 4f, exhibited 2–5 times higher potency than HCPT. The stability and antitumor activity of these conjugates were found to be closely related to the length of PEG and the linker type, conjugates with a relatively short PEG chain and carbamate linkages (compounds 4a and 4f) exhibited controlled release of HCPT and excellent antitumor in vitro activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Guo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Du Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Luyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Xing You
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Yu-Ou Teng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Peng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Insights into drug discovery from natural products through structural modification. Fitoterapia 2015; 103:231-41. [PMID: 25917513 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) have played a key role in drug discovery and are still a prolific source of novel lead compounds or pharmacophores for medicinal chemistry. Pharmacological activity and druggability are two indispensable components advancing NPs from leads to drugs. Although naturally active substances are usually good lead compounds, most of them can hardly satisfy the demands for druggability. Hence, these structural phenotypes have to be modified and optimized to overcome existing deficiencies and shortcomings. This review illustrates druggability optimization of NPs through structural modification with some successful examples.
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 10-substituted-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38) prodrugs. Molecules 2014; 19:19718-31. [PMID: 25438082 PMCID: PMC6270839 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191219718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In an attempt to improve the antitumor activity and reduce the side effects of irinotecan (2), novel prodrugs of SN-38 (3) were prepared by conjugating amino acids or dipeptides to the 10-hydroxyl group of SN-38 via a carbamate linkage. The synthesized compounds completely generated SN-38 in pH 7.4 buffer or in human plasma, while remaining stable under acidic conditions. All prodrug compounds demonstrated much greater in vitro antitumor activities against HeLa cells and SGC-7901 cells than irinotecan. The most active compounds, 5h, 7c, 7d, and 7f, exhibited IC50 values that were 1000 times lower against HeLa cells and 30 times lower against SGC-7901 cells than those of irinotecan, and the inhibitory activities of these prodrugs against acetylcholinesterase (AchE) were significantly reduced, with IC50 values more than 6.8 times greater than that of irinotecan. In addition, compound 5e exhibited the same level of tumor growth inhibitory activity as irinotecan (CPT-11) in a human colon xenograft model in vivo.
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Gilad Y, Firer MA, Rozovsky A, Ragozin E, Redko B, Albeck A, Gellerman G. "Switch off/switch on" regulation of drug cytotoxicity by conjugation to a cell targeting peptide. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 85:139-46. [PMID: 25084142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bi-nuclear amino acid platforms loaded with various drugs for conjugation to a peptide carrier were synthesized using simple and convenient orthogonally protective solid-phase organic synthesis (SPOS). Each arm of the platform carries a different anticancer agent linked through the same or different functional group, providing discrete chemo- and bio-release profiles for each drug, and also enabling "switch off/switch on" regulation of drug cytotoxicity by conjugation to the platform and to a cell targeting peptide. The versatility of this approach enables efficient production of drug-loaded platforms and determination of favorable drug combinations/modes of linkage for subsequent conjugation to a carrier moiety for targeted cancer cell therapy. The results presented here potentiate the application of amino acid platforms for targeted drug delivery (TDD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yossi Gilad
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel; The Julius Spokojny Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Michael A Firer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel
| | - Alex Rozovsky
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel; The Julius Spokojny Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Elena Ragozin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel
| | - Boris Redko
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel; The Julius Spokojny Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Amnon Albeck
- The Julius Spokojny Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Gary Gellerman
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel.
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Li Q, Zhu Q, Zhang X, Hua C, Deng X, Zhao T, Sun B. A liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of a camptothecin quaternary derivative in rats. Fitoterapia 2013; 90:57-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Hussain H, Green IR, Ahmed I. Journey describing applications of oxone in synthetic chemistry. Chem Rev 2013; 113:3329-71. [PMID: 23451713 DOI: 10.1021/cr3004373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hidayat Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany.
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Kamei T, Uchimura T, Nishimiya K, Kawanishi T. Method development and validation of the simultaneous determination of a novel topoisomerase 1 inhibitor, the prodrug, and the active metabolite in human plasma using column-switching LC–MS/MS, and its application in a clinical trial. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:3415-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Revised: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Endo M, Miwa M, Ura M, Tanimura H, Taniguchi K, Miyazaki Y, Ohwada J, Tsukazaki M, Niizuma S, Murata T, Ozawa S, Suda H, Ogawa K, Nanba E, Nagao S, Shimma N, Yamada-Okabe H. A water soluble prodrug of a novel camptothecin analog is efficacious against breast cancer resistance protein-expressing tumor xenografts. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2011; 65:363-71. [PMID: 19495753 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-009-1042-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Identification of a novel topoisomerase I inhibitor which shows superior efficacy and less individual variation than irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11). METHODS A novel camptothecin analog that is effective against breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)-positive cells was screened, and a water soluble prodrug was generated. Antitumor activity of the prodrug was examined in BCRP-positive and -negative xenografts both as a single agent and in combination with other anti-cancer drugs. RESULTS A novel camptothecin analog, CH0793076, was discovered. Because CH0793076 was found to be highly lipophilic, a water soluble prodrug (TP300) was generated. TP300 is stable in an acidic solution but is rapidly converted to CH0793076 under physiological pH conditions such as in sera. This efficient prodrug activation would minimize interpatient differences in pharmacokinetic and toxicity profiles. Unlike CPT-11, TP300 does not exhibit cholinergic interaction or cause acute diarrhea at effective doses. In mouse xenograft models, TP300 showed antitumor activity against both BCRP-positive and -negative xenografts, whereas CPT-11 was less active against BCRP-positive xenografts. In addition, the effective dose range (MTD/ED(50)) for TP300 was wider than for CPT-11 and TP300 showed additive or synergistic antitumor effects in combination with other anti-cancer drugs such as capecitabine, oxaliplatin, cisplatin, bevacizumab and cetuximab. CONCLUSION It is therefore expected that TP300 will provide an additional treatment option for patients who will undergo chemotherapy with camptothecins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Endo
- Kamakura Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Kajiwara, Kanagawa, Japan
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Preparation and physicochemical properties of 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) nanoparticles by supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:2678-91. [PMID: 21731466 PMCID: PMC3127142 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12042678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Revised: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of the present work was to study the feasibility of 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) nanoparticle preparation using supercritical antisolvent (SAS) precipitation. The influences of various experimental factors on the mean particle size (MPS) of HCPT nanoparticles were investigated. The optimum micronization conditions are determined as follows: HCPT solution concentration 0.5 mg/mL, the flow rate ratio of CO2 and HCPT solution 19.55, precipitation temperature 35 °C and precipitation pressure 20 MPa. Under the optimum conditions, HCPT nanoparticles with a MPS of 180 ± 20.3 nm were obtained. Moreover, the HCPT nanoparticles obtained were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy, Dynamic light scattering, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction and Differential scanning calorimetry analyses. The physicochemical characterization results showed that the SAS process had not induced degradation of HCPT. Finally, the dissolution rates of HCPT nanoparticles were investigated and the results proved that there is a significant increase in dissolution rate compared to unprocessed HCPT.
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Etienne MA, Kostochka M, Fuselier JA, Coy DH. Synthesis of camptothecin–amino acid carbamate linkers. Amino Acids 2011; 42:1727-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-0884-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Foulon C, Tedou J, Queruau Lamerie T, Vaccher C, Bonte J, Goossens J. Assessment of the complexation degree of camptothecin derivatives and cyclodextrins using spectroscopic and separative methodologies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2009.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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