1
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Malucelli G. Nanostructured Flame-Retardant Layer-by-Layer Architectures for Cotton Fabrics: The Current State of the Art and Perspectives. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:858. [PMID: 38786814 PMCID: PMC11123715 DOI: 10.3390/nano14100858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, nanotechnology represents a well-established approach, suitable for designing, producing, and applying materials to a broad range of advanced sectors. In this context, the use of well-suited "nano" approaches accounted for a big step forward in conferring optimized flame-retardant features to such a cellulosic textile material as cotton, considering its high ease of flammability, yearly production, and extended use. Being a surface-localized phenomenon, the flammability of cotton can be quite simply and effectively controlled by tailoring its surface through the deposition of nano-objects, capable of slowing down the heat and mass transfer from and to the textile surroundings, which accounts for flame fueling and possibly interacting with the propagating radicals in the gas phase. In this context, the layer-by-layer (LbL) approach has definitively demonstrated its reliability and effectiveness in providing cotton with enhanced flame-retardant features, through the formation of fully inorganic or hybrid organic/inorganic nanostructured assemblies on the fabric surface. Therefore, the present work aims to summarize the current state of the art related to the use of nanostructured LbL architectures for cotton flame retardancy, offering an overview of the latest research outcomes that often highlight the multifunctional character of the deposited assemblies and discussing the current limitations and some perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Malucelli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Viale Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; ; Tel.: +39-0131229369
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
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2
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Jing Q, Lu Y, Liu K, Yan Y, Zhang G. Evaluating the fire resistance and durability of cotton textiles treated with a phosphoramide phosphorus ester phosphate ammonium flame retardant. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130144. [PMID: 38360228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The phosphoramide phosphorus ester phosphate ammonium (PPEPA) flame retardant was synthesized by phosphorus oxychloride and ethanolamine, and its structure was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Cotton textiles treated with 20 wt% PPEPA (CT-PPEPA3) would have high durability and flame retardance. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of CT-PPEPA3 was found to be 46.5 %, while after undergoing 50 laundering cycles (LCs) following the AATCC 61-2013 3 A standard, the LOI only decreased to 31.4 %. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses suggested the penetration of PPEPA molecules into the interior of cotton fibers, resulting in a minor alteration of the cellulose crystal structure. The excellent durability, FTIR, and energy-dispersive X-ray of CT-PPEPA3 provided evidence for the formation of -N-P(=O)-O-C- and -O-P(=O)-O-C- covalent bonds between the PPEPA molecules and cellulose. The -N-P(=O)-O-C- bond exhibited a p-π conjugation effect, leading to enhanced stability and improved durability of the flame-retardant cotton textiles. Vertical flame, thermogravimetric, and cone calorimetry tests demonstrated that the CT-PPEPA3 underwent condensed-phase and synergistic flame retardation. Additionally, these finished cotton textiles retained adequate breaking strength and softness, making them suitable for various applications. In conclusion, the incorporation of the -N-P(=O)-ONH4 group into the phosphorus ester phosphate ammonium flame retardant demonstrated effective enhancement of the fire resistance and durability of treated cotton textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yonghua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Kunling Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Guangxian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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Kang MM, He X, Cui J, Wang J, Hu W, Zhu L, Shao ZB. Aldehyde-free and bio-based durable coatings for cellulose fabrics with high flame retardancy, antibacteria and well wearing performance. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128744. [PMID: 38123033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The bio-based coatings of cellulose fabrics (cotton) had attracted increasing attention for multifunction and sustainability but suffered from poor durability and low efficiency. Here, the aldehyde-free and durable coatings for cotton fabrics (CPZ@CF) with satisfactory flame retardancy, antibacteria as well as wearing performance were prepared through the interfacial coordination effect where the well-organized zinc phytate complex were in situ grew on the pre-treated surface of cotton fabrics with chitosan (CS) and Zn2+. The CZP@CF exhibited excellent antibacterial activity for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) with 99.99 % antibacterial rates benefiting from the synergistic effect between Zn2+ and CS. Meanwhile, even the CPZ coatings loading was only 1.5 wt%, the fire safety of CZP@CF remarkably enhanced owing to the excellent synergistic catalytic charring and free radical capture. More importantly, the antibacterial rates of CZP@CF for S. aureus and E. coli still reached 99.99 % and 91.67 % after 50 washing cycles. Additionally, this treatment method did not deteriorate the fabrics properties, including mechanical and breathability as well as wearing performance, which provided the approach to fabricate the flame retardant and antibacterial textiles with well durability and wearing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Kang
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, 308, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xinhua He
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, 308, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, 308, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingluan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Wei Hu
- College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Longxiang Zhu
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, 308, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Zhu-Bao Shao
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, 308, Qingdao 266071, China.
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4
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Huang TT, Ning K, Zhao B. Two birds, one stone: Enhancement of flame retardancy and antibacterial property of viscose fabric using an aminoazole-based cyclotriphosphazene. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126875. [PMID: 37703968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the fire-retardant and antibacterial properties of viscose fabric through a simple strategy is crucial and urgent. In this study, an aminoazole-based cyclotriphosphazene (HATA) was designed and synthesized through nucleophilic substitution between hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. The application of a rapid dipping strategy and the use of 10 wt% HATA aqueous solution significantly increased the limiting oxygen index of the viscose fabric from 19.3 % to 28.4 %. In addition, the HATA-treated fabric exhibited self-extinguishing properties in vertical flame testing. The peak heat release rate of HATA-treated fabric, according to pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry, significantly decreased by over 83 %. The scanning electron microscope images revealed the original woven fabric structure after burning. The thermogravimetric infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results confirmed that the introduction HATA in viscose hindered the release of combustible gas and facilitated the formation of a protective char layer. In addition, 10 % HATA-viscose exhibited remarkable antimicrobial properties, achieving 99.96 % and 99.84 % antibacterial rates against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively. Furthermore, HATA-treated viscose fabric exhibited favorable mechanical performance, whiteness, and air permeability. This research provides a simple and effective flame-retardant and antibacterial treatment strategy for viscose fabric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Huang
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Kai Ning
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
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5
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Microstructural and thermal investigation of the bioinspired and synthetic fire-retardant materials deposited on cotton using LBL process. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-022-1346-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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6
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Liu K, Cheng Y, Li J, Ding D, Liu Y, Zhang G, Zhang F. Synthesis and evaluation of an eco-friendly and durable flame-retardant cotton fabrics based on a high-phosphorous-content. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 640:688-697. [PMID: 36893535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.02.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Cotton fabrics are extremely flammable. Therefore, ammonium salt of dipentaerythritol hexaphosphoric acid (ADPHPA), a novel reactive phosphorus flame retardant without halogen and formaldehyde, was synthesized by solvent-free synthesis method. Surface chemical graft modification was chosen to introduce flame retardant, imparting its flame retardancy and washability. SEM indicated that ADPHPA entered the interior of cotton fiber, which was grafted with OH of control cotton fabrics (CCF) by forming POC covalent bonds to obtain treated cotton fabrics (TCF). There were no apparent differences in the fiber morphology and crystal structure after treatment according to SEM and XRD analysis. TG analysis demonstrated that the decomposition process of TCF was changed compared with CCF, while lower heat release rate and total heat release of TCF indicated its combustion efficiency was also reduced based on cone calorimetry test. Meanwhile, in the durability test, TCF had undergone 50 laundering cycles (LCs) in accordance with AATCC-61-2013 3A standard and had a short vertical combustion charcoal length, which were able to be regard as durable flame-retardant fabrics. The mechanical properties of TCF decreased to a degree, but did not affect the actual use of cotton fabrics. Taken as a whole, ADPHPA has research significance and development potential as a durable phosphorus-based flame retardant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunling Liu
- Institute of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Street, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- Institute of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Street, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jinhao Li
- Institute of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Street, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dan Ding
- Institute of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Street, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yunlan Liu
- Institute of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Street, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guangxian Zhang
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fengxiu Zhang
- Institute of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Street, Chongqing 400715, China.
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7
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Dong YQ, Bai WB, Zhang W, Lin YC, Jian RK. Bio-based phytic acid@polyurushiol‑titanium complex coated cotton fabrics with durable flame retardancy for oil-water separation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123782. [PMID: 36822294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Bio-based hydrophobic coating modified cotton fabrics with durable flame retardancy are of high interest in the application of oil-water separation for not only avoiding the use of hazardous substances but also improving the fire safety during use. Herein, phytic acid@Polyurushiol‑titanium complex coated cotton fabric was developed using the facile dip-coating method involving the sequential immersion in the solution of poly(ethyleneimine), phytic acid, titanium oxide, and urushiol. The underlying coating accommodated abundance of phytic acid, which imparted excellent flame retardancy to cotton fabric, and the top coating composed of the polyurushiol‑titanium complex endowed cotton fabric with high hydrophobicity that the water contact angle (WCA) was up to 149.8°. The hydrophobicity also guaranteed effective protection of the underlying phytic acid against chemical solvents and abrasion. Besides, the hydrophobic coating allowed cotton fabric for good self-cleaning and effective oil-water separation. Therefore, the preparation of phytic acid@polyurushiol‑titanium complex coated cotton fabric offers a promising approach to construct durable biomass-coated cellulose-based fabric with multifunctionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qi Dong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Wei-Bin Bai
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Yu-Cai Lin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Rong-Kun Jian
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
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8
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A high durable polysaccharide flame retardant based on phosphorus element for cotton fabrics. Polym Degrad Stab 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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9
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Khan L, Kim JS, Huh SH, Koo BH. N-Containing Hybrid Composites Coatings for Enhanced Fire-Retardant Properties of Cotton Fabric Using One-Pot Sol-Gel Process. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020258. [PMID: 36679139 PMCID: PMC9862767 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this report, a unique methodology/process steps were followed using Sol-gel-based concept to deposit thin flame-retardant coatings on cotton fabric. Surface microstructure and compositional analysis of the coated cotton were carried out using scanning electronic microscope (SEM), which explored significant coverage of the fabric. The obtained samples were further analyzed through rupturing mechanism test and color check. Compositional investigation of the coated samples was carried through Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) and energy-dispersive X-rays spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. Thermal analyses were carried out through Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Vertical flame tests (VFT), which suggested higher resistance of the coatings obtained for 5 h and zero heat-treatment time on the cotton fabric. A 28.86% char residue was obtained for the same sample (ET-5h-RT) coupled with higher degradation temperature and excellent combustion properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Khan
- Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seop Kim
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Hwan Huh
- Department of Mechatronics Convergence Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Heun Koo
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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Lu Y, Zhao P, Chen Y, Lu Y, Zhang G. A novel polymer reactive flame retardant for the preparation of highly durable cotton fabrics. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:1394-1404. [PMID: 36356873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A novel polymer ammonium salt of polyethyleneimine phosphate phosphonic acid (APEMPPA) flame retardant for cotton fabrics was synthesized and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), in which some ammonium phosphoric acid groups were replaced by phosphate ester groups to decrease the phenomena that the ammonium ions in flame retardant would exchange with metal ions such as Ca2+ and Mg2+ in washing water to keep flame retardance well after washing. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results, and durability of treated cotton fabrics suggested that APEMPPA was grafted onto the cellulose. Limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 40 wt% APEMPPA-treated cotton fabric was 44.5 %, which was still 34.7 % after 50 LCs according to AATCC 61-2013 3A standard. Cone calorimetric and thermogravimetric (TG) results showed the treated cotton fabrics had excellent flame retardancy. TG-FTIR and Raman test results proposed that APEMPPA mainly played a condensed phase flame retardant. EDX results indicated that replacing some ammonium phosphate groups with phosphate ester groups was effective in maintaining flame retardancy during washing. All results showed that increasing the molecular weight and introducing phosphonate group in ammonium phosphorus acid flame retardant can effectively improve flame retardancy and durability. APEMPPA-treated cotton fabrics maintained good tensile strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genomic Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Peiyi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genomic Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Sichuan EM Technology Co., Ltd, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Yajun Chen
- China Light Industry Engineering Technology Research Center of Advanced Flame Retardants, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road 11, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, PR China; Petroleum and Chemical Industry Engineering Laboratory of Non-halogen Flame Retardants for Polymers, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road 11, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Yonghua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genomic Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guangxian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genomic Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, Chongqing 400715, China.
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11
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Molecular Organization in Exponentially Growing Multilayer Thin Films Assembled with Polyelectrolytes and Clay. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204333. [PMID: 36297911 PMCID: PMC9607186 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Multilayer thin film assembly by the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique offers an inexpensive and versatile route for the synthesis of functional nanomaterials. In the case of polymer-clay systems, however, the technique faces the challenges of low clay loading and lack of tunability of the film characteristics. This is addressed in the present work that achieves exponential growth in clay-containing polyelectrolyte films having high clay loading and tailored properties. Our approach involves the incorporation of a weak polyelectrolyte and a clay with relatively high charge density and small particle size. The system of investigation comprises poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) as the polycation and laponite clay and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) or poly(sodium-4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS) as polyanions that are used alternately to create multilayers. Successful high clay loading and exponential growth were achieved by two different approaches of polyanion incorporation in the multilayers. A progressive increase in the degree of ionization of PAA was shown to contribute to the exponential growth. Our findings also include novel pathways to manipulate thickness, surface topography, and clay content. The strategy presented here can lead to novel approaches to fabricate tailor-made nanomaterials for distinct applications.
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12
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Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly Coating for Multi-Functionalized Fabrics: A Scientometric Analysis in CiteSpace (2005-2021). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196767. [PMID: 36235299 PMCID: PMC9573603 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface-engineered coatings have been increasingly applied to functionalize fabrics due to the ease of deposition of the coatings and their effectiveness in endowing the fabric with abundant properties. Among the surface modification methods, layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly has emerged as an important approach for creating multifunctional surfaces on fabrics. In this review, bibliometric analysis with the visualization analysis of LbL self-assembly coatings on fabrics was performed on publications extracted from the Web of Science (WOS) from 2005 to 2021 based on the CiteSpace software. The analysis results showed that research on LbL self-assembly coatings on fabrics has attracted much attention, and this technique has plentiful and flexible applications. Moreover, research on the LbL self-assembly method in the field of functionalization of fabrics has been summarized, which include flame retardant fabric, antibacterial fabric, ultraviolet resistant fabric, hydrophobic fabric and electromagnetic shielding fabric. It was found that the functionalization of the fabric has been changing from singularity to diversification. Based on the review, several future research directions can be proposed. The weatherability, comfort, cost and environmental friendliness should be considered when the multifunctional coatings are designed.
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13
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Xia L, Dai J, Wang X, Xue M, Xu Y, Yuan C, Dai L. Facile fabrication of multifunctional cotton fabric by AgNC@boronate polymer/crosslinked chitosan. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 288:119384. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Xu T, Qian D, Hu Y, Zhu Y, Zhong Y, Zhang L, Xu H, Mao Z. Assembled hybrid films based on sepiolite, phytic acid, polyaspartic acid and Fe 3+ for flame-retardant cotton fabric. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2022-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To impart durable flame retardant property to cotton fabric, a kind of multilayered hybrid film based on environmentally friendly phytic acid, sepiolite, polyaspartic acid, and Fe3+ were deposited on the surface of cotton fabric by layer-by-layer and spraying method to form a dense protective layer. Compared with cotton fabric, hybrid film coated cotton showed excellent flame retardant property and low fire hazard, which can be demonstrated by vertical flame test, limiting oxygen index (LOI) and cone calorimeter test. After-flame time and after-glow time of hybrid film coated cotton is 1 s and 1 s, respectively. LOI value of hybrid film coated cotton increased by 44.4% compared with control sample. Cone calorimeter test revealed a total heat release rate reduction of 52.6% and peak heat release rate reduction of 73.6% for hybrid film coated cotton fabric. This work demonstrates that the hybrid film composed of phytic acid, sepiolite, polyaspartic acid, and Fe3+ could improve the durable flame retardant property of cotton fabric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education , Donghua University , Shanghai , 201620 , P. R. China
| | - Di Qian
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education , Donghua University , Shanghai , 201620 , P. R. China
| | - Yelei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education , Donghua University , Shanghai , 201620 , P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education , Donghua University , Shanghai , 201620 , P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education , Donghua University , Shanghai , 201620 , P. R. China
| | - Linping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education , Donghua University , Shanghai , 201620 , P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Ministry of Education , Tsinghua University , Beijing , 100084 , P. R. China
| | - Hong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education , Donghua University , Shanghai , 201620 , P. R. China
| | - Zhiping Mao
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education , Donghua University , Shanghai , 201620 , P. R. China
- National Dyeing and Finishing Engineering Technology Research Center , Donghua University , No. 2999, North Renmin Road, Songjiang District , Shanghai 201620 , P. R. China
- National Manufacturing Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing and Finishing Technology , Taian , Shandong Province , 271000 , P. R. China
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15
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Ding D, Liu Y, Lu Y, Liao Y, Chen Y, Zhang G, Zhang F. Highly effective and durable P-N synergistic flame retardant containing ammonium phosphate and phosphonate for cotton fabrics. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.109964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Fernandes M, Padrão J, Ribeiro AI, Fernandes RDV, Melro L, Nicolau T, Mehravani B, Alves C, Rodrigues R, Zille A. Polysaccharides and Metal Nanoparticles for Functional Textiles: A Review. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12061006. [PMID: 35335819 PMCID: PMC8950406 DOI: 10.3390/nano12061006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a powerful tool for engineering functional materials that has the potential to transform textiles into high-performance, value-added products. In recent years, there has been considerable interest in the development of functional textiles using metal nanoparticles (MNPs). The incorporation of MNPs in textiles allows for the obtention of multifunctional properties, such as ultraviolet (UV) protection, self-cleaning, and electrical conductivity, as well as antimicrobial, antistatic, antiwrinkle, and flame retardant properties, without compromising the inherent characteristics of the textile. Environmental sustainability is also one of the main motivations in development and innovation in the textile industry. Thus, the synthesis of MNPs using ecofriendly sources, such as polysaccharides, is of high importance. The main functions of polysaccharides in these processes are the reduction and stabilization of MNPs, as well as the adhesion of MNPs onto fabrics. This review covers the major research attempts to obtain textiles with different functional properties using polysaccharides and MNPs. The main polysaccharides reported include chitosan, alginate, starch, cyclodextrins, and cellulose, with silver, zinc, copper, and titanium being the most explored MNPs. The potential applications of these functionalized textiles are also reported, and they include healthcare (wound dressing, drug release), protection (antimicrobial activity, UV protection, flame retardant), and environmental remediation (catalysts).
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17
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Ur Rehman Z, Kaseem M, Churchill DG, Pan YT, Heun Koo B. Macro and micro thermal investigation of nanoarchitectonics-based coatings on cotton fabric using new quaternized starch. RSC Adv 2022; 12:2888-2900. [PMID: 35425322 PMCID: PMC8979038 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra09197b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Implementation of a new cationizing reagent and its incorporation onto the backbone of starch was performed successfully, confirmed from the remarkable micro- and macro anti-flammable properties. The morphologies and localized compositional analysis of the modified starch-based LBL coatings on the cotton surface were carried out using LV-SEM and EDX: highly uniform coating layers and uptake of solution species for intermediate implant reagent concentrations were confirmed. The subject samples were further analyzed through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), microcombustion experiments (MCC), flame testing (VFT) and afterburn measurements. The peak range of the degradation was highly improved from the lower range to the higher range (329.92–394.48 °C), together with significant mass residue for TBAB-0.7–17.02%. Moreover, a significant decrease in the absolute heat loss (THR ∼ 30%), heat dissipation competence (HRC ∼ 27.86%), and peak heat output (PHRR ∼ 23%) was achieved for a TBAB loading of ∼0.7 g. The results were further confirmed from the increase in the limiting oxygen index (LOI) to a higher rate of ∼23.2, improved structural integrity and higher quality of char obtained in the VFT and after-burn analysis. Schematic diagram of the cationization of starch, LBL layering and resistance against flame.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Ur Rehman
- Nano and Advance Materials Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mosab Kaseem
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - David G. Churchill
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Tang Pan
- National Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Bon Heun Koo
- Nano and Advance Materials Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
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