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Jiao S, Yang X, Zheng X, Pei Y, Liu J, Tang K. Effects of charge state of nano-chitin on the properties of polyvinyl alcohol composite hydrogel. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 330:121776. [PMID: 38368092 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The present work investigates the effects of nano-chitin with different charge, obtained by acid hydrolysis and TEMPO oxidation, on the structure and properties of borax crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels. In detail, nano-chitin prepared by acid hydrolysis (ACh) is positively charged (+28.8 mV). The electrostatic attraction between ACh and borax ions leads to a maximum tensile stress of composite hydrogel (ACh/PB), 54.25 KPa, 17 times of the borax crosslinked PVA (PB). In contrast, nano-chitin prepared by TEMPO-oxidation (TCh) shows negative charge (-59.0 mV). Due to the electrostatic repulsion with borax ions, the maximum tensile stress of composite hydrogel (TCh/PB) is only 9.25 KPa, a very limit reinforcing effect. However, TCh/PB showed better self-healing efficiency (96.0 %) as well as ionic conductivity (1.25 × 10-5 S/m). The present work shows that the charge state of the nano-chitin exerts great influence on the interaction with the crosslinking agent borax, therefore, affects the structure and properties of the final PVA composite hydrogels. The results could provide important information about making full use of nano-chitin as a reinforcement by adjusting its surface charge state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhao Jiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450000, China
| | - Xuefei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450000, China
| | - Xuejing Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450000, China.
| | - Ying Pei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450000, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450000, China.
| | - Keyong Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450000, China
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2
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Zhang L, Zhan B, Yan L. Preparation of nanochitin using deep eutectic solvents. iScience 2024; 27:109312. [PMID: 38496292 PMCID: PMC10943438 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Chitin is an abundant and renewable non-wood biopolymer. Nanochitin is formed by the assembly of chitin molecules, which has the advantages of large tensile strength, high specific surface area, and biodegradability, so it has been widely used. However, the traditional methods of preparing nanochitin have many drawbacks. As the new generation of green solvents, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been successfully applied in the fields of chitin dissolution, extraction, and nanochitin preparation. In this review, the relevant knowledge of chitin, nanochitin, and DESs was first introduced. Then, the application status of DESs in the fields of chitin was summarized, with a focus on the preparation of nanochitin using DESs. In conclusion, this review provided a comprehensive analysis of the published literature and proposed insights and development trends in the field of preparation of nanochitin using DESs, aiming to provide guidance and assistance for future researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai road, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Boxiang Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai road, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Lifeng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai road, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
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3
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Koirala P, Bhandari Y, Khadka A, Kumar SR, Nirmal NP. Nanochitosan from crustacean and mollusk byproduct: Extraction, characterization, and applications in the food industry. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130008. [PMID: 38331073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Crustaceans and mollusks are widely consumed around the world due to their delicacy and nutritious value. During the processing, only 30-40 % of these shellfish are considered edible, while 70-60 % of portions are thrown away as waste or byproduct. These byproducts harbor valuable constituents, notably chitin. This chitin can be extracted from shellfish byproducts through chemical, microbial, enzymatic, and green technologies. However, chitin is insoluble in water and most of the organic solvents, hampering its wide application. Hence, chitin is de-acetylated into chitosan, which possesses various functional applications. Recently, nanotechnology has proven to improve the surface area and numerous functional properties of metals and molecules. Further, the nanotechnology principle can be extended to nanochitosan formation. Therefore, this review article centers on crustaceans and mollusks byproduct utilization for chitosan, its nano-formation, and their food industry applications. The extensive discussion has been focused on nanochitosan formation, characterization, and active site modification. Lastly, nanochitosan applications in various food industries, including biodegradable food packaging, fat replacer, bioactive compound carrier, and antimicrobial agent have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Koirala
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Yash Bhandari
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Central Campus of Technology, Tribhuvan University, Nepal
| | - Abhishek Khadka
- Rural Reconstruction Nepal, 288 Gairidhara Road 2, Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Bagmati, Nepal
| | - Simmi Ranjan Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Nilesh Prakash Nirmal
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
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Ma Y, Morozova SM, Kumacheva E. From Nature-Sourced Polysaccharide Particles to Advanced Functional Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2312707. [PMID: 38391153 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides constitute over 90% of the carbohydrate mass in nature, which makes them a promising feedstock for manufacturing sustainable materials. Polysaccharide particles (PSPs) are used as effective scavengers, carriers of chemical and biological cargos, and building blocks for the fabrication of macroscopic materials. The biocompatibility and degradability of PSPs are advantageous for their uses as biomaterials with more environmental friendliness. This review highlights the progresses in PSP applications as advanced functional materials, by describing PSP extraction, preparation, and surface functionalization with a variety of functional groups, polymers, nanoparticles, and biologically active species. This review also outlines the fabrication of PSP-derived macroscopic materials, as well as their applications in soft robotics, sensing, scavenging, water harvesting, drug delivery, and bioengineering. The paper is concluded with an outlook providing perspectives in the development and applications of PSP-derived materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingshan Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Sofia M Morozova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
- Center of Fluid Physics and Soft Matter, N.E. Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 5/1 2-nd Baumanskaya street, Moscow, 105005, Russia
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
- The Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 4 Taddle Creek Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada
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5
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Chee PL, Sathasivam T, Tan YC, Wu W, Leow Y, Lim QRT, Yew PYM, Zhu Q, Kai D. Nanochitin for sustainable and advanced manufacturing. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:3269-3292. [PMID: 38265441 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05533g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Presently, the rapid depletion of resources and drastic climate change highlight the importance of sustainable development. In this case, nanochitin derived from chitin, the second most abundant renewable polymer in the world, possesses numerous advantages, including toughness, easy processability and biodegradability. Furthermore, it exhibits better dispersibility in various solvents and higher reactivity than chitin owing to its increased surface area to volume ratio. Additionally, it is the only natural polysaccharide that contains nitrogen. Therefore, it is valuable to further develop this innovative technology. This review summarizes the recent developments in nanochitin and specifically identifies sustainable strategies for its preparation. Additionally, the different biomass sources that can be exploited for the extraction of nanochitin are highlighted. More importantly, the life cycle assessment of nanochitin preparation is discussed, followed by its applications in advanced manufacturing and perspectives on the valorization of chitin waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lin Chee
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634, Singapore.
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634, Singapore
| | - Thenapakiam Sathasivam
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634, Singapore
| | - Ying Chuan Tan
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634, Singapore
| | - Wenya Wu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634, Singapore.
| | - Yihao Leow
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634, Singapore.
| | - Quentin Ray Tjieh Lim
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634, Singapore.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117576, Singapore
| | - Pek Yin Michelle Yew
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634, Singapore.
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634, Singapore
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634, Singapore.
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Dr, Singapore 637459
| | - Dan Kai
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634, Singapore.
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, 138634, Singapore
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Dr, Singapore 637459
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Zhong W, Li D, Li L, Yu S, Pang J, Zhi Z, Wu C. pH-responsive Pickering emulsion containing citrus essential oil stabilized by zwitterionically charged chitin nanofibers: Physicochemical properties and antimicrobial activity. Food Chem 2024; 433:137388. [PMID: 37688825 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, zwitterionic chitin nanofibers (Z-ChNFs) were used to prepare Pickering emulsions containing citrus essential oils (CEO) and their physicochemical properties and antimicrobial activity were investigated. Results show that as-prepared Pickering emulsions exert pH-reversible properties, pH can adjust the charge of Z-ChNFs to influence the stability of the emulsion. As the concentration of Z-ChNFs increase, the droplet size of the emulsion decreases. The high concentration of Z-ChNFs (1.5 wt%) can enhance the viscosity and promote forming nano-network structures within continuous phases, and their amphiphilic nature can strengthen the capacity for adsorption on the oil/water interface, resulting in enhanced physical stability of the encapsulated CEO emulsion. Additionally, Z-ChNFs have positive effects on the improvement of antimicrobial activity of CEO. This study provides valuable implications for the development and application of essential oils as biopreservation in the food field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiquan Zhong
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Danjie Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Liang Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shan Yu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Jie Pang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Zijian Zhi
- Food Structure and Function (FSF) Research Group, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
| | - Chunhua Wu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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7
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Lv J, Zhang Y, Jin Y, Oh DH, Fu X. Chitin nanofibers prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis: Characterization and application for Pickering emulsions. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127662. [PMID: 37884229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) have a wide range of applications in numerous fields owing to their exceptional material properties and biological functionality. This research focused on producing ChNFs with diameters of 20-70 nm using chitinase and ultrasound from crayfish shells. The impact of enzymatic duration on ChNF yield and performance was investigated. Results revealed ChNFs forming a high aspect ratio network structure. Chitinase hydrolysis enhanced ChNF dispersion and yield while improving crystallinity and thermal stability without significantly altering their chemical structure. Enzymatically modified ChNF suspensions also exhibited stable rheological properties. Moreover, ChNFs showed good emulsification and emulsion stability in Pickering emulsion. The mechanism may be the effective adsorption of ChNFs at the oil-water interface, and the formation of a ChNF network in the continuous phase that prevents droplet coalescence. This study highlights that the potential of chitinase and ultrasound for the production of ChNFs and the utilization of crayfish shell waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiran Lv
- National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Yongguo Jin
- National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, South Korea
| | - Xing Fu
- National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
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8
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Xu JH, Xiao S, Wang JH, Wang B, Cai YX, Hu WF. Comparative study of the effects of ultrasound-assisted alkaline extraction on black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae protein: Nutritional, structural, and functional properties. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 101:106662. [PMID: 37918292 PMCID: PMC10638069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we developed an ultrasound-assisted alkaline method for extracting black soldier fly larvae protein (BSFLP). The effects of ultrasound-assisted extraction on the nutritional value, structural characteristics, and techno-functional properties of BSFLP were compared with those using the conventional hot alkali method. The results showed that ultrasound-assisted extraction significantly increased the extraction ratio of BSFLP from 55.40% to 80.37%, but reduced the purity from 84.19% to 80.75%. The BSFLP extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction met the amino acid requirements for humans proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization in 2013, and ultrasound-assisted extraction did not alter the limiting amino acids of the BSFLP. The ultrasound-assisted extraction increased the in vitro protein digestibility from 82.97% to 99.79%. Moreover, ultrasound-assisted extraction obtained BSFLP with a more ordered secondary structure and more loosely porous surface morphology, without breaking the peptide bonds. By contrast, the conventional hot alkaline method hydrolyzed BSFLP into smaller fragments. The effect of ultrasound-assisted extraction on the structure of BSFLP improved the solubility and emulsion capacity of BSFLP, but reduced its foaming properties. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that ultrasound-assisted alkaline extraction could be a suitable method for extracting BSFLP and improving its nutritional value, and structural and functional properties. The findings obtained in this study could promote the wider application of BSFLP in food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hao Xu
- School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 523006, China
| | - Shan Xiao
- School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Ji-Hui Wang
- School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yan-Xue Cai
- School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Wen-Feng Hu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 523006, China
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Venugopal V, Sasidharan A, Rustad T. Green Chemistry to Valorize Seafood Side Streams: An Ecofriendly Roadmap toward Sustainability. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:17494-17509. [PMID: 37938980 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge facing sustainable seafood production is the voluminous amounts of nutrient-rich seafood side streams consisting of by-catch, processing discards, and process effluents. There is a lack of a comprehensive model for optimal valorization of the side streams. Upcoming green chemistry-based processing has the potential to recover diverse valuable compounds from seafood side streams in an ecofriendly manner. Microbial and enzymatic bioconversions form major green processes capable of releasing biomolecules from seafood matrices under mild conditions. Novel green solvents, because of their low toxicity and recyclable nature, can extract bioactive compounds. Nonthermal technologies such as ultrasound, supercritical fluid, and membrane filtration can complement green extractions. The extracted proteins, peptides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, chitin, chitosan, and others function as nutraceuticals, food supplements, additives, etc. Green processing can address environmental, economic, and technological challenges of valorization of seafood side streams, thereby supporting sustainable seafood production. Green processing can also encourage bioenergy production. Multiple green processes, integrated in a marine biorefinery, can optimize valorization on a zero-waste trade-off, for a circular blue economy. A green chemistry-based valorization framework has the potential to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vazhiyil Venugopal
- Formerly of Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai, India 400085
| | - Abhilash Sasidharan
- Department of Fish Processing Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kerala, India 682506
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway 7491
| | - Turid Rustad
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway 7491
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10
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Dayakar B, Xavier M, Ngasotter S, Dhanabalan V, Porayil L, Balange AK, Nayak BB. Extraction, optimization, and functional quality evaluation of carotenoproteins from shrimp processing side streams through enzymatic process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-30232-1. [PMID: 37831258 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30232-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to develop an effective and eco-friendly enzymatic process to extract carotenoproteins from shrimp waste. The optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis conditions to maximize the degree of deproteinization (DDP) of carotenoprotein from shrimp head waste (SHW) and shrimp shell waste (SSW) was conducted separately using the Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology (RSM). To achieve a maximum DDP of 92.32% for SSW and 96.72% for SHW, the optimal hydrolysis conditions were determined as follows: temperature (SSW: 53.13 °C; SHW: 45.90 °C), pH (SSW: 7.13; SHW: 6.78), time (SSW: 90 min; SHW: 61.18 min), and enzyme/substrate ratio (SSW: 2 g/100 g; SHW: 1.18 g/100 g). The carotenoprotein effluent obtained was subjected to spray drying and subsequently assessed for color, nutritional, and functional characteristics. The carotenoprotein from shrimp shell (CpSS) contained a higher essential amino acid score than carotenoprotein from shrimp head (CpSH). CpSS had a higher whiteness index of 82.05, while CpSH had 64.04. Both CpSS and CpSH showed good functional properties viz solubility, emulsion, and foaming properties. The maximum solubility of CpSH and CpSS was determined to be 92.94% and 96.48% at pH 10.0, respectively. The highest emulsion capacity (CpSH: 81.33%, CpSS: 70.13%) and stability (CpSH: 57.06%, CpSS: 63.05%) were observed at 3% carotenoprotein concentration. Similarly, the highest values of foaming capacity (CpSH: 27.66%, CpSS: 105.5%) and stability (CpSH: 23.83%, CpSS: 105.33%) were also found at the same 3% carotenoprotein concentration. In conclusion, the carotenoproteins obtained from shrimp waste showed favorable attributes in terms of color, amino acid composition, and functional properties. These findings strongly suggest the potential applicability of CpSS and CpSH as valuable resources in various domains. CpSS, with its higher whiteness index, greater amino acid content, and superior functional characteristics, may find suitability as functional ingredients in human food products. Conversely, CpSH could be considered for incorporation into animal feed formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandela Dayakar
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Martin Xavier
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, 400061, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Soibam Ngasotter
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vignaesh Dhanabalan
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Layana Porayil
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Binaya Bhusan Nayak
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, 400061, Maharashtra, India
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11
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Ngasotter S, Xavier KAM, Porayil L, Balange A, Nayak BB, Eapen S, Adarsh KJ, Sreekala MS, Sharma R, Ninan G. Optimized high-yield synthesis of chitin nanocrystals from shrimp shell chitin by steam explosion. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 316:121040. [PMID: 37321734 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study attempted for the first time to prepare chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs) from shrimp shell chitin using steam explosion (SE) method. Response surface methodology (RSM) approach was used to optimize the SE conditions. Optimum SE conditions to acquire a maximum yield of 76.78 % were acid concentration (2.63 N), time (23.70 min), and chitin to acid ratio (1:22). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the ChNCs produced by SE had an irregular spherical shape with an average diameter of 55.70 ± 13.12 nm. FTIR spectra showed ChNCs were slightly different than chitin due to a shift in peak positions to higher wavenumber and higher peak intensities. XRD patterns indicated ChNCs were a typical α-chitin structure. Thermal analysis revealed ChNCs were less thermally stable than chitin. Compared to conventional acid hydrolysis, the SE approach described in this study is simple, fast, easy, and requires less acid concentration and acid quantity, making it more scalable and efficient for synthesizing ChNCs. Furthermore, the characteristics of the ChNCs will shed light on the potential industrial uses for the polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soibam Ngasotter
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - K A Martin Xavier
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Layana Porayil
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amjad Balange
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Binaya Bhusan Nayak
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shibu Eapen
- STIC, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala 682022, India
| | - K J Adarsh
- STIC, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala 682022, India
| | - M S Sreekala
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala 686560, India
| | - Rupam Sharma
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - George Ninan
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kerala 682029, India
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Lomba L, Werner Á, Giner B, Lafuente C. Deep Eutectic Solvents Formed by Glycerol and Xylitol, Fructose and Sorbitol: Effect of the Different Sugars in Their Physicochemical Properties. Molecules 2023; 28:6023. [PMID: 37630275 PMCID: PMC10458529 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for new eutectic solvents for different applications (extraction, drug formulation, chemical reactions, etc.) is booming thanks to their high solubility capacity and low toxicity. However, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive physicochemical characterization of these mixtures to understand the molecular behavior at different experimental conditions. In this study, three deep eutectic solvents (DESs) formed by glycerol and xylitol, fructose and sorbitol and water in the molar ratio 1:2:3 were prepared and several physicochemical properties (refractive index, density, surface tension, viscosity, speed of sound, isobaric heat capacity and isentropic compressibility) were measured and analyzed in the 278.15-338.15 K temperature range. The results indicate a linear dependence with temperature for the following properties: surface tension, refractive index, density and isobaric molar heat capacity while viscosity values have been fitted to the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lomba
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Universitario, Universidad San Jorge, Autov. A23 km 299, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.L.); (Á.W.)
| | - Álvaro Werner
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Universitario, Universidad San Jorge, Autov. A23 km 299, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.L.); (Á.W.)
| | - Beatriz Giner
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Universitario, Universidad San Jorge, Autov. A23 km 299, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.L.); (Á.W.)
| | - Carlos Lafuente
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
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Morales-Jiménez M, Palacio DA, Palencia M, Meléndrez MF, Rivas BL. Bio-Based Polymeric Membranes: Development and Environmental Applications. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:625. [PMID: 37504991 PMCID: PMC10383737 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13070625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, membrane technology is an efficient process for separating compounds with minimal structural abrasion; however, the manufacture of membranes still has several drawbacks to being profitable and competitive commercially under an environmentally friendly approach. In this sense, this review focuses on bio-based polymeric membranes as an alternative to solve the environmental concern caused by the use of polymeric materials of fossil origin. The fabrication of bio-based polymeric membranes is explained through a general description of elements such as the selection of bio-based polymers, the preparation methods, the usefulness of additives, the search for green solvents, and the characterization of the membranes. The advantages and disadvantages of bio-based polymeric membranes are discussed, and the application of bio-based membranes to recover organic and inorganic contaminants is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Morales-Jiménez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional (CIIDIR-Unidad Oaxaca), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Calle Hornos 1003, Colonia Noche Buena, Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán 71230, Mexico
| | - Daniel A Palacio
- Departamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070371, Chile
| | - Manuel Palencia
- GI-CAT, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Science, Universidad del Valle, Cali 25360, Colombia
| | - Manuel F Meléndrez
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Materiales (DIMAT), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 270, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070371, Chile
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, 2634 Av. Cordillera, Parque Industrial Coronel, P.O. Box 4051, Concepción 4191996, Chile
| | - Bernabé L Rivas
- Departamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070371, Chile
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14
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Das R, Mehta NK, Ngasotter S, Balange AK, Nayak BB, Murthy LN, Xavier KM. Process optimization and evaluation of the effects of different time-temperature sous vide cooking on physicochemical, textural, and sensory characteristics of whiteleg shrimp ( Litopenaeusvannamei). Heliyon 2023; 9:e16438. [PMID: 37274698 PMCID: PMC10238695 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to optimize the cook-chill conditions of high-value whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) processed using the sous vide (SV) technique and to assess the effects of various time-temperature combinations on the physicochemical, textural, and sensory qualities. For optimization, a Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach utilizing a Central Composite Design (CCD) was adopted. Optimum SV cooking conditions to acquire minimum texture (hardness) of 7235 g was 13.48 min and 81.87 °C, expressible moisture of 18.48% was 14.5 min and 84.5 °C, and cook loss of 5.58% was 5 min and 75 °C. Texture (hardness) and expressible moisture decreased while cooking loss increased with increasing time-temperature treatment. Redness and yellowness values increased (p < 0.05) with increasing SV cooking time-temperature, but lightness values were nearly consistent in all treatments. With increasing time and temperature, TBARs and total carotenoid content increased (p < 0.05). However, the TBARs values were within accepted limits and ranged from 0.05 to 0.08 mg malonaldehyde/kg. Sensory evaluation indicated that all SV cooked samples were well accepted, with overall scores ≥7. These results suggest that the SV cooking temperature and time had a substantial impact on the textural, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics of shrimp. In addition, increasing time-temperature increased cooking and moisture loss, but decreased hardness and higher sensory scores made the product more acceptable to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupali Das
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai-400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Mehta
- College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Agartala-799210, Tripura, India
| | - Soibam Ngasotter
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai-400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amjad K. Balange
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai-400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Binaya Bhusan Nayak
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai-400061, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - K.A. Martin Xavier
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai-400061, Maharashtra, India
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Dubashynskaya NV, Petrova VA, Sgibnev AV, Elokhovskiy VY, Cherkasova YI, Skorik YA. Carrageenan/Chitin Nanowhiskers Cryogels for Vaginal Delivery of Metronidazole. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102362. [PMID: 37242937 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of polymeric carriers based on partially deacetylated chitin nanowhiskers (CNWs) and anionic sulfated polysaccharides is an attractive strategy for improved vaginal delivery with modified drug release profiles. This study focuses on the development of metronidazole (MET)-containing cryogels based on carrageenan (CRG) and CNWs. The desired cryogels were obtained by electrostatic interactions between the amino groups of CNWs and the sulfate groups of CRG and by the formation of additional hydrogen bonds, as well as by entanglement of carrageenan macrochains. It was shown that the introduction of 5% CNWs significantly increased the strength of the initial hydrogel and ensured the formation of a homogeneous cryogel structure, resulting in sustained MET release within 24 h. At the same time, when the CNW content was increased to 10%, the system collapsed with the formation of discrete cryogels, demonstrating MET release within 12 h. The mechanism of prolonged drug release was mediated by polymer swelling and chain relaxation in the polymer matrix and correlated well with the Korsmeyer-Peppas and Peppas-Sahlin models. In vitro tests showed that the developed cryogels had a prolonged (24 h) antiprotozoal effect against Trichomonas, including MET-resistant strains. Thus, the new cryogels with MET may be promising dosage forms for the treatment of vaginal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natallia V Dubashynskaya
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. V.O. 31, St. Petersburg 199004, Russia
| | - Valentina A Petrova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. V.O. 31, St. Petersburg 199004, Russia
| | - Andrey V Sgibnev
- Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pionerskaya st. 11, Orenburg 460000, Russia
| | - Vladimir Y Elokhovskiy
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. V.O. 31, St. Petersburg 199004, Russia
| | - Yuliya I Cherkasova
- Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pionerskaya st. 11, Orenburg 460000, Russia
| | - Yury A Skorik
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. V.O. 31, St. Petersburg 199004, Russia
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Nano-chitin: Preparation strategies and food biopolymer film reinforcement and applications. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 305:120553. [PMID: 36737217 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Current trends in food packaging systems are toward biodegradable polymer materials, especially the food biopolymer films made from polysaccharides and proteins, but they are limited by mechanical strength and barrier properties. Nano-chitin has great economic value as a highly efficient functional and reinforcing material. The combination of nano-chitin and food biopolymers offers good opportunities to prepare biodegradable packaging films with enhanced physicochemical and functional properties. This review aims to give the latest advances in nano-chitin preparation strategies and its uses in food biopolymer film reinforcement and applications. The first part systematically introduces various preparation methods for nano-chitin, including chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) and chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs). The nano-chitin reinforced biodegradable films based on food biopolymers, such as polysaccharides and proteins, are described in the second part. The last part provides an overview of the current applications of nano-chitin reinforced food biopolymer films in the food industry.
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Chitin and chitin-based biomaterials: A review of advances in processing and food applications. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 299:120142. [PMID: 36876773 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chitin is the most abundant natural amino polysaccharide, showing various practical applications owing to its functional properties. However, there are barriers in the development due to the difficulty of chitin extraction and purification, regarding its high crystallinity and low solubility. In recent years, some novel technologies such as microbial fermentation, ionic liquid, electrochemical extraction have emerged for the green extraction of chitin from new sources. Furthermore, nanotechnology, dissolution systems and chemical modification were applied to develop a variety of chitin-based biomaterials. Remarkably, chitin was used in delivering active ingredients and developing functional foods for weight loss, lipid reduction, gastrointestinal health, and anti-aging. Moreover, the application of chitin-based materials was expanded into medicine, energy and the environment. This review outlined the emerging extraction methods and processing routes of different chitin sources and advances in applying chitin-based materials. We aimed to provide some direction for the multi-disciplinary production and application of chitin.
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Impact of extended acid hydrolysis on polymeric, structural and thermal properties of microcrystalline chitin. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2022.100252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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