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Joukar S, Rajizadeh MA, Bejeshk MA, Alavi SS, Bagheri F, Rami M, Khoramipour K. ATP releasing channels and the ameliorative effects of high intensity interval training on diabetic heart: a multifaceted analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7113. [PMID: 38532054 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57818-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) can cause severe cardiac complications at functional, histologic and molecular levels. These pathological complications could be mediated by ATP-releasing channels such as Panx1 and ATP receptors, in particular P2X7. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on T2D-induced cardiac complications at the functional, histopathological and molecular levels, with a particular focus on ATP-releasing channels. 48 male Wistar rats at the age of 8 weeks were randomly allocated into four groups: control (Con), Diabetes (T2D), Training (TR), and Diabetes + Training (T2D + TR). T2D was induced by a high-fat diet plus a low dose (35 mg/kg) of STZ administration. Rats in the TR and T2D + TR groups underwent an 8-weeks training program involving intervals ranging from 80 to 100% of their maximum running speed (Vmax), with 4-10 intervals per session. Protein expression of Interleukin 1β (IL1β), Interleukin 10 (IL-10), Pannexin 1 (Panx1), P2X7R (purinergic P2X receptor 7), NLRP1 (NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 1), BAX, and Bcl2 were measured in the heart tissue. Additionally, we assessed heart function, histopathological changes, as well as insulin resistance using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In contrast to the T2D group, HIIT led to increased protein expression of Bcl2 and IL-10 in the heart. It also resulted in improvements in systolic and diastolic blood pressures, heart rate, ± dp/dt (maximum and minimum changes in left ventricular pressure), while reducing protein expression of IL-1β, Panx1, P2X7R, NLRP1, and BAX levels in the heart. Furthermore, left ventricular diastolic pressure (LVDP) was reduced (P ≤ 0.05). Moreover, heart lesion scores increased with T2D but decreased with HIIT, along with a reduction in fibrosis percentage (P ≤ 0.05). The results of this study suggest that the cardioprotective effects of HIIT on the diabetic heart may be mediated by the modulation of ATP-releasing channels. This modulation may lead to a reduction in inflammation and apoptosis, improve cardiac function, and attenuate cardiac injury and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyavash Joukar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Medical Faculty, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbas Bejeshk
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Samaneh Sadat Alavi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bagheri
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Kerman, Iran
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Pathology, Afzalipour Medical Faculty, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rami
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kayvan Khoramipour
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Medical Faculty, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Peres Valgas Da Silva C, Shettigar VK, Baer LA, Abay E, Pinckard KM, Vinales J, Sturgill SL, Vidal P, Ziolo MT, Stanford KI. Exercise training after myocardial infarction increases survival but does not prevent adverse left ventricle remodeling and dysfunction in high-fat diet fed mice. Life Sci 2022; 311:121181. [PMID: 36372212 PMCID: PMC9712172 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Aerobic exercise is an important component of rehabilitation after cardiovascular injuries including myocardial infarction (MI). In human studies, the beneficial effects of exercise after an MI are blunted in patients who are obese or glucose intolerant. Here, we investigated the effects of exercise on MI-induced cardiac dysfunction and remodeling in mice chronically fed a high-fat diet (HFD). MAIN METHODS C57Bl/6 male mice were fed either a standard (Chow; 21% kcal/fat) or HFD (60% kcal/fat) for 36 weeks. After 24 weeks of diet, the HFD mice were randomly subjected to an MI (MI) or a sham surgery (Sham). Following the MI or sham surgery, a subset of mice were subjected to treadmill exercise. KEY FINDINGS HFD resulted in obesity and glucose intolerance, and this was not altered by exercise or MI. MI resulted in decreased ejection fraction, increased left ventricle mass, increased end systolic and diastolic diameters, increased cardiac fibrosis, and increased expression of genes involved in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure in the MI-Sed and MI-Exe mice. Exercise prevented HFD-induced cardiac fibrosis in Sham mice (Sham-Exe) but not in MI-Exe mice. Exercise did, however, reduce post-MI mortality. SIGNIFICANCE These data indicate that exercise significantly increased survival after MI in a model of diet-induced obesity independent of effects on cardiac function. These data have important translational ramifications because they demonstrate that environmental interventions, including diet, need to be carefully evaluated and taken into consideration to support the effects of exercise in the cardiac rehabilitation of patients who are obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmem Peres Valgas Da Silva
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Vikram K Shettigar
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Lisa A Baer
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Eaman Abay
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Kelsey M Pinckard
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Jorge Vinales
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Sarah L Sturgill
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Pablo Vidal
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Mark T Ziolo
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Kristin I Stanford
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America.
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Ruberti OM, Rodrigues B. Estrogen Deprivation and Myocardial Infarction: Role of Aerobic Exercise Training, Inflammation and Metabolomics. Curr Cardiol Rev 2021; 16:292-305. [PMID: 31362678 PMCID: PMC7903506 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x15666190729153026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In general, postmenopausal women present higher mortality, and worse prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI) compared to men, due to estrogen deficiency. After MI, cardiovascular alterations occur such as the autonomic imbalance and the pro-inflammatory cytokines increase. In this sense, therapies that aim to minimize deleterious effects caused by myocardial ischemia are important. Aerobic training has been proposed as a promising intervention in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, some studies have attempted to identify potential biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases or specifically for MI. For this purpose, metabolomics has been used as a tool in the discovery of cardiovascular biomarkers. Therefore, the objective of this work is to discuss the changes involved in ovariectomy, myocardial infarction, and aerobic training, with emphasis on inflammation and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olívia M Ruberti
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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Najafipour H, Rostamzadeh F, Yeganeh-Hajahmadi M, Joukar S. Improvement of Cardiac Function in Rats With Myocardial Infarction by Low-Intensity to Moderate-Intensity Endurance Exercise Is Associated With Normalization of Klotho and SIRT1. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 77:79-86. [PMID: 33079829 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Exercise training (Ex) has beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases by increasing Klotho and SIRT1. This study aimed to investigate whether the beneficial impact of Ex on myocardial infarction (MI) is mediated through Klotho and SIRT1. Fifty-six Wistar rats were divided into 4 main groups of Sham, MI, Ex, and MI + Ex. MI was induced by the closure of the left anterior descending. Animals were trained by endurance exercise for 4 weeks. In the end, hemodynamic and heart contractility indices were assessed. The levels of Klotho and SIRT1 in the serum and heart were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot, respectively. The ADAM17 level in the heart and kidneys was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The infarct size and fibrosis area were assessed by triphenyltetrazolium chloride and Masson trichrome staining, respectively. Ex recovered the reduction of dp/dt max and dp/dt min and decreased myocardial infarct size and fibrotic area in the MI group. Ex normalized the increase in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, left ventricular systolic pressure, and left ventricular end diastolic pressure in the MI group. Ex also normalized the reduction of the levels of Klotho and SIRT1 in serum and heart in the MI group. The changes of Klotho and SIRT1 in serum were positively correlated. Ex also restored ADAM17 levels in the MI group. Ex improved cardiac function in the MI group and is associated with reduction of the infarct size and normalization of Klotho and SIRT1 levels. Regarding unidirectional changes in Klotho and SIRT1, these proteins may play a role in beneficial effects of Ex on MI recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Najafipour
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rostamzadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Yeganeh-Hajahmadi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; and
| | - Siyavash Joukar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Fathi M, Gharakhanlou R, Rezaei R. The Changes of Heart miR-1 and miR-133 Expressions following Physiological Hypertrophy Due to Endurance Training. CELL JOURNAL 2020; 22:133-140. [PMID: 32779443 PMCID: PMC7481891 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.7014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in the development of the heart. Recent studies have shown that miR-
1 and miR-133 are key regulators of cardiac hypertrophy. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of an endurance
training (ET) program on the expressions of these miRNAs and their transcriptional network.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, cardiac hypertrophy was induced by 14 weeks of ET for 1 hour per
day, 6 days per week at 75% VO2 max). The rats (221 ± 23 g) in the experimental (n=7) and control (n=7) groups were
anesthetized to evaluate heart morphology changes by echocardiography. Next, we evaluated expressions of miR-1
and miR-133, and heart and neural crest derivatives express 2 (Hand2), Mef2c, histone deacetylase 4 (Hdac4) and
serum response factor (Srf) gene expressions by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Finally, the collected data
were evaluated by the independent t test to determine differences between the groups
Results The echocardiography result confirmed physiological hypertrophy in the experimental group that underwent ET as
shown by the increased left ventricular weight/body surface area (LVW/BSA) (P=0.004), LVW/body weight (BW) (P=0.011),
left ventricular diameter end-diastolic (LVDd) (P=0.003), and improvements in heart functional indexes such as fractional
shortness (FS) (P=0.036) and stroke volume (SV) (P=0.002). There were significant increases in the expressions of miR-1
(P=0.001) and miR-133 (P=0.004). The expressions of Srf, Hdac4, and Hand2 genes significantly increased (P<0.001) in the
experimental group Compared with the control group. The expression of Mef2c did not significantly change.
Conclusion The expressions of miR-1 and miR-133 and their target genes appeared to be involved in physiological
hypertrophy induced by ET in these rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Fathi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran Electronic Address:
| | - Reza Gharakhanlou
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities Sciences, Tarbiyat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Rezaei
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Ruberti OM, Sousa AS, Viana LR, Pereira Gomes MF, Medeiros A, Gomes Marcondes MCC, Borges LDF, Crestani CC, Mostarda C, Moraes TFDC, Canevarolo RR, Delbin MA, Rodrigues B. Aerobic training prevents cardiometabolic changes triggered by myocardial infarction in ovariectomized rats. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:1105-1115. [PMID: 32638399 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of aerobic training (AT) on autonomic, cardiometabolic, ubiquitin-proteasome activity, and inflammatory changes evoked by myocardial infarction (MI) in ovariectomized rats. Female Wistar rats were ovariectomized and divided into four groups: sedentary + sham (SS), sedentary + MI (SI), AT + sham surgery (TS), AT + MI (TI). AT was performed on a treadmill for 8 weeks before MI. Infarcted rats previously subjected to AT presented improved physical capacity, increased interleukin-10, and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines. Metabolomic analysis identified and quantified 62 metabolites, 9 were considered significant by the Vip Score. SS, SI, and TS groups presented distinct metabolic profiles; however, TI could not be distinguished from the SS group. MI dramatically increased levels of dimethylamine, and AT prevented this response. Our findings suggest that AT may be useful in preventing the negative changes in functional, inflammatory, and metabolic parameters related to MI in ovariectomized rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olívia Moraes Ruberti
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Andressa Silva Sousa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Laís Rosa Viana
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandra Medeiros
- Department of Bioscience, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carlos Cesar Crestani
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Mostarda
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Andreia Delbin
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Department of Adapted Physical Activity, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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França CM, Thrivikraman G, Athirasala A, Tahayeri A, Gower LB, Bertassoni LE. The influence of osteopontin-guided collagen intrafibrillar mineralization on pericyte differentiation and vascularization of engineered bone scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:1522-1532. [PMID: 30267638 PMCID: PMC6440878 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetically mineralized collagen scaffolds are promising for bone regeneration, but vascularization of these materials remains to be addressed. Here, we engineered mineralized scaffolds using an osteopontin-guided polymer-induced liquid-precursor mineralization method to recapitulate bone's mineralized nanostructure. SEM images of mineralized samples confirmed the presence of collagen with intrafibrillar mineral, also EDS spectra and FTIR showed high peaks of calcium and phosphate, with a similar mineral/matrix ratio to native bone. Mineralization increased collagen compressive modulus up to 15-fold. To evaluate vasculature formation and pericyte-like differentiation, HUVECs and hMSCs were seeded in a 4:1 ratio in the scaffolds for 7 days. Moreover, we used RT-PCR to investigate the gene expression of pericyte markers ACTA2, desmin, CD13, NG2, and PDGFRβ. Confocal images showed that both nonmineralized and mineralized scaffolds enabled endothelial capillary network formation. However, vessels in the nonmineralized samples had longer vessel length, a larger number of junctions, and a higher presence of αSMA+ mural cells. RT-PCR analysis confirmed the downregulation of pericytic markers in mineralized samples. In conclusion, although both scaffolds enabled endothelial capillary network formation, mineralized scaffolds presented less pericyte-supported vessels. These observations suggest that specific scaffold characteristics may be required for efficient scaffold vascularization in future bone tissue engineering strategies. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1522-1532, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane M. França
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Greeshma Thrivikraman
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Avathamsa Athirasala
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anthony Tahayeri
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Laurie B. Gower
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Luiz E. Bertassoni
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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8
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Boudia D, Domergue V, Mateo P, Fazal L, Prud'homme M, Prigent H, Delcayre C, Cohen-Solal A, Garnier A, Ventura-Clapier R, Samuel JL. Beneficial effects of exercise training in heart failure are lost in male diabetic rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 123:1579-1591. [PMID: 28883044 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00117.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise training has been demonstrated to have beneficial effects in patients with heart failure (HF) or diabetes. However, it is unknown whether diabetic patients with HF will benefit from exercise training. Male Wistar rats were fed either a standard (Sham, n = 53) or high-fat, high-sucrose diet ( n = 66) for 6 mo. After 2 mo of diet, the rats were already diabetic. Rats were then randomly subjected to either myocardial infarction by coronary artery ligation (MI) or sham operation. Two months later, heart failure was documented by echocardiography and animals were randomly subjected to exercise training with treadmill for an additional 8 wk or remained sedentary. At the end, rats were euthanized and tissues were assayed by RT-PCR, immunoblotting, spectrophotometry, and immunohistology. MI induced a similar decrease in ejection fraction in diabetic and lean animals but a higher premature mortality in the diabetic group. Exercise for 8 wk resulted in a higher working power developed by MI animals with diabetes and improved glycaemia but not ejection fraction or pathological phenotype. In contrast, exercise improved the ejection fraction and increased adaptive hypertrophy after MI in the lean group. Trained diabetic rats with MI were nevertheless able to develop cardiomyocyte hypertrophy but without angiogenic responses. Exercise improved stress markers and cardiac energy metabolism in lean but not diabetic-MI rats. Hence, following HF, the benefits of exercise training on cardiac function are blunted in diabetic animals. In conclusion, exercise training only improved the myocardial profile of infarcted lean rats fed the standard diet. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Exercise training is beneficial in patients with heart failure (HF) or diabetes. However, less is known of the possible benefit of exercise training for HF patients with diabetes. Using a rat model where both diabetes and MI had been induced, we showed that 2 mo after MI, 8 wk of exercise training failed to improve cardiac function and metabolism in diabetic animals in contrast to lean animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Boudia
- UMR-S 942 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Valérie Domergue
- UMS IPSIT Animex Platform, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Philippe Mateo
- UMR-S 1180 INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Loubina Fazal
- UMR-S 942 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Mathilde Prud'homme
- UMR-S 942 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Héloïse Prigent
- UMR-S 942 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.,Cardiology, Assistance Publique-Hópitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Ambroise Paré, Paris
| | - Claude Delcayre
- UMR-S 942 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Alain Cohen-Solal
- UMR-S 942 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.,Cardiology, Assistance Publique-Hópitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Ambroise Paré, Paris
| | - Anne Garnier
- UMR-S 1180 INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Renée Ventura-Clapier
- UMR-S 1180 INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jane-Lise Samuel
- UMR-S 942 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
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9
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Call JA, Donet J, Martin KS, Sharma AK, Chen X, Zhang J, Cai J, Galarreta CA, Okutsu M, Du Z, Lira VA, Zhang M, Mehrad B, Annex BH, Klibanov AL, Bowler RP, Laubach VE, Peirce SM, Yan Z. Muscle-derived extracellular superoxide dismutase inhibits endothelial activation and protects against multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 113:212-223. [PMID: 28982599 PMCID: PMC5740866 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is a detrimental clinical complication in critically ill patients with high mortality. Emerging evidence suggests that oxidative stress and endothelial activation (induced expression of adhesion molecules) of vital organ vasculatures are key, early steps in the pathogenesis. We aimed to ascertain the role and mechanism(s) of enhanced extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD) expression in skeletal muscle in protection against MODS induced by endotoxemia. We showed that EcSOD overexpressed in skeletal muscle-specific transgenic mice (TG) redistributes to other peripheral organs through the circulation and enriches at the endothelium of the vasculatures. TG mice are resistant to endotoxemia (induced by lipopolysaccharide [LPS] injection) in developing MODS with significantly reduced mortality and organ damages compared with the wild type littermates (WT). Heterogenic parabiosis between TG and WT mice conferred a significant protection to WT mice, whereas mice with R213G knock-in mutation, a human single nucleotide polymorphism leading to reduced binding EcSOD in peripheral organs, exacerbated the organ damages. Mechanistically, EcSOD inhibits vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 expression and inflammatory leukocyte adhesion to the vascular wall of vital organs, blocking an early step of the pathology in organ damage under endotoxemia. Therefore, enhanced expression of EcSOD in skeletal muscle profoundly protects against MODS by inhibiting endothelial activation and inflammatory cell adhesion, which could be a promising therapy for MODS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod A Call
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jean Donet
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Kyle S Martin
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Ashish K Sharma
- Departments of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Xiaobin Chen
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, China
| | - Jiuzhi Zhang
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institute of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliate Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116011, China
| | - Jie Cai
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Infectious Disease, First Affiliate Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Carolina A Galarreta
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Mitsuharu Okutsu
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Zhongmin Du
- Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Vitor A Lira
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Mei Zhang
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Borna Mehrad
- Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Brian H Annex
- Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | | | - Russell P Bowler
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Victor E Laubach
- Departments of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Shayn M Peirce
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Zhen Yan
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Departments of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Departments of Molecular Physiology & Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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Ribeiro AA, Amorim RP, Palomino ZJ, de Paula Lima M, Moraes-Silva IC, Souza LE, Pesquero JL, Irigoyen MC, Casarini DE. (Pro)renin receptor expression in myocardial infarction in transgenic mice expressing rat tonin. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 108:817-825. [PMID: 29102794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The (pro)renin receptor [(P)RR] has been implicated as a renin/prorenin receptor, and plays a role in local renin angiotensin system activation. Our goal was to investigate whether a transgenic mouse that expresses rat tonin [TGM'(rTon)] can regulate (P)RR mRNA levels. Control (C) and TGM'(rTon) animals were subdivided into the C sham, C MI, TGM'(rTon) sham, and TGM'(rTon) MI groups. The levels of tonin, (P)RR, and renin were determined using RT-PCR mRNA. Tonin activity as determined by RIE was significantly increased in the TGM'(rTon) sham group as compared to the C sham group in the atrium (AT) and right ventricle (RV), respectively. In most mice, tonin mRNA levels were significantly reduced compared to those in the TGM'(rTon) sham group in the atria. In this structure, the (P)RR mRNA levels were statistically significantly reduced in the TGM'(rTon) sham and TGM'(rTon) MI groups compared to the control groups. However, the (P)RR mRNA values were significantly increased when we compared the TGM'(rTon) MI vs TGM'(rTon) sham groups. In the RV, the renin mRNA levels in the TGM'(rTon) sham group were significantly reduced compared to the C sham group. Tonin overexpression may act in the regulation of (P)RR mRNA levels during MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda A Ribeiro
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rebeca Padrao Amorim
- Experimental Neurology Division, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil, Brazil.
| | - Zaira J Palomino
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Jorge Luiz Pesquero
- Department of Biophisics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil, Brazil.
| | | | - Dulce E Casarini
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Mahmoud AM. Exercise Amaliorates Metabolic Disturbances and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Possible Underlying Mechanisms. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 999:207-230. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4307-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Lew JKS, Pearson JT, Schwenke DO, Katare R. Exercise mediated protection of diabetic heart through modulation of microRNA mediated molecular pathways. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2017; 16:10. [PMID: 28086863 PMCID: PMC5237289 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-016-0484-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycaemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance collectively impact on the myocardium of people with diabetes, triggering molecular, structural and myocardial abnormalities. These have been suggested to aggravate oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, myocardial lipotoxicity and impaired myocardial substrate utilization. As a consequence, this leads to the development of a spectrum of cardiovascular diseases, which may include but not limited to coronary endothelial dysfunction, and left ventricular remodelling and dysfunction. Diabetic heart disease (DHD) is the term used to describe the presence of heart disease specifically in diabetic patients. Despite significant advances in medical research and long clinical history of anti-diabetic medications, the risk of heart failure in people with diabetes never declines. Interestingly, sustainable and long-term exercise regimen has emerged as an effective synergistic therapy to combat the cardiovascular complications in people with diabetes, although the precise molecular mechanism(s) underlying this protection remain unclear. This review provides an overview of the underlying mechanisms of hyperglycaemia- and insulin resistance-mediated DHD with a detailed discussion on the role of different intensities of exercise in mitigating these molecular alterations in diabetic heart. In particular, we provide the possible role of exercise on microRNAs, the key molecular regulators of several pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Kar Sheng Lew
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010, New Zealand
| | - James T Pearson
- Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Daryl O Schwenke
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010, New Zealand.
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010, New Zealand.
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Myocardial Infarction and Exercise Training: Evidence from Basic Science. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 999:139-153. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4307-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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14
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Shivkumar K, Ajijola OA, Anand I, Armour JA, Chen PS, Esler M, De Ferrari GM, Fishbein MC, Goldberger JJ, Harper RM, Joyner MJ, Khalsa SS, Kumar R, Lane R, Mahajan A, Po S, Schwartz PJ, Somers VK, Valderrabano M, Vaseghi M, Zipes DP. Clinical neurocardiology defining the value of neuroscience-based cardiovascular therapeutics. J Physiol 2016; 594:3911-54. [PMID: 27114333 PMCID: PMC4945719 DOI: 10.1113/jp271870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The autonomic nervous system regulates all aspects of normal cardiac function, and is recognized to play a critical role in the pathophysiology of many cardiovascular diseases. As such, the value of neuroscience-based cardiovascular therapeutics is increasingly evident. This White Paper reviews the current state of understanding of human cardiac neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, pathophysiology in specific disease conditions, autonomic testing, risk stratification, and neuromodulatory strategies to mitigate the progression of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyanam Shivkumar
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Center of Excellence, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Olujimi A Ajijola
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Center of Excellence, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Inder Anand
- Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J Andrew Armour
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Center of Excellence, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peng-Sheng Chen
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Murray Esler
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Michael C Fishbein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Goldberger
- Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ronald M Harper
- Department of Neurobiology and the Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Joyner
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Rajesh Kumar
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Richard Lane
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Aman Mahajan
- Department of Anesthesia, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sunny Po
- Heart Rhythm Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- University of Tulsa Oxley College of Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Peter J Schwartz
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, IRCCS Instituto Auxologico Italiano, c/o Centro Diagnostico e di Ricerrca San Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Virend K Somers
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Miguel Valderrabano
- Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center and Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marmar Vaseghi
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Center of Excellence, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Douglas P Zipes
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Perini JL, Scotta Hentschke V, Sonza A, Dal Lago P. Long-term low-level laser therapy promotes an increase in maximal oxygen uptake and exercise performance in a dose-dependent manner in Wistar rats. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 31:241-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1849-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Venturelli M, Cè E, Limonta E, Schena F, Caimi B, Carugo S, Veicsteinas A, Esposito F. Effects of endurance, circuit, and relaxing training on cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive elderly patients. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 37:101. [PMID: 26381921 PMCID: PMC5005840 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-015-9835-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Recommendations for prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk factors among older adults highlighted the importance of exercise-based interventions, including endurance training (ET). However, the evidence of efficacy of other interventions based on short-bouts of exercise (circuit training, CT), and the practice of breath-control and meditation (relaxing training, RT) is growing. The aim of this study was to elucidate if CT or RT are equally effective in CVD risk factors reduction compared to ET. To this purpose, in 40 elderly participants, with clinically diagnosed grade 1 hypertension, resting blood pressure, blood glucose, and cholesterol levels, peak oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]), mechanical efficiency and quality of life were evaluated before and after 12 weeks of ET, CT, and RT treatments. Resting blood pressure reduced significantly in all groups by ∼11 %. In ET, blood cholesterol levels (-18 %), [Formula: see text] (+8 %), mechanical efficiency (+9 %), and quality of life scores (+36 %) ameliorated. In CT blood glucose levels (-11 %), [Formula: see text] (+7 %) and quality of life scores (+35 %) were bettered. Conversely, in RT, the lower blood pressure went along only with an improvement in the mental component of quality of life (+42 %). ET and CT were both appropriate interventions to reduce CVDs risk factors, because blood pressure reduction was accompanied by decreases in blood glucose and cholesterol levels, increases in [Formula: see text], mechanical efficiency, and quality of life. Although RT influenced only blood pressure and quality of life, this approach would be an attractive alternative for old individuals unable or reluctant to carry out ET or CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Venturelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Colombo 71, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Emiliano Cè
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Colombo 71, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Eloisa Limonta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Colombo 71, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Schena
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Barbara Caimi
- ASP Pio Albergo Trivulzio, Division of Cardiology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Carugo
- ASP Pio Albergo Trivulzio, Division of Cardiology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Arsenio Veicsteinas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Colombo 71, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Center of Sport Medicine, Don Gnocchi Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Esposito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Colombo 71, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Francica JV, Bigongiari A, Mochizuki L, Scapini KB, Moraes OA, Mostarda C, Caperuto EC, Irigoyen MC, De Angelis K, Rodrigues B. Cardiac autonomic dysfunction in chronic stroke women is attenuated after submaximal exercise test, as evaluated by linear and nonlinear analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2015; 15:105. [PMID: 26420632 PMCID: PMC4587902 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-015-0099-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We evaluated cardiac autonomic modulation in women with chronic ischemic stroke (at least 4 years post-stroke) at rest and in response to submaximal exercise test. Methods Fourteen post-stroke women (S group) and 10 healthy women (C group) participated in this study. Autonomic modulation (using linear and nonlinear analysis), blood pressure and metabolic variables at rest were evaluated immediately after the exercise test and during the recovery period (20 min). All participants underwent submaximal exercise test on cycle ergometer with gas analysis. Results At rest, the S group displayed higher lactate concentration, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) values when compared to C group. Furthermore, the S group had lower heart rate variability (HRV) in time domain (SDNN: S = 30 ± 5 vs. 40 ± 8 ms; rMSSD: S = 14 ± 2 vs. C = 34 ± 3 ms), decreased high frequency band of pulse interval (S = 8.4 ± 2 vs. 33.1 ± 9 %) and 2V pattern of symbolic analysis (S = 17.3 ± 1 vs. 30 ± 3 %) (both indicators of cardiac vagal modulation) when compared to C group. Immediately after exercise, S group presented higher values of lactate, SBP, DBP and double product when compared to C group, as well as decreased heart rate recovery (HRR) measured at the first, second and third minutes. At recovery time, all HRV parameters in time and frequency domains improved in the S group; however, HF band remained lower when compared to C group. Conclusions After the exercise test, women with chronic stroke presented reduced heart rate variability, reduced cardiac vagal modulation, as well as reduced HRR, while displayed an improvement of heart rate variability and cardiac vagal modulation when compared to their baseline. These results reinforce the importance of a physically active lifestyle for cardiovascular autonomic disorders observed in chronic stroke women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aline Bigongiari
- Human Movement Laboratory, São Judas Tadeu University (USJT), São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | - Luís Mochizuki
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | - Kátia Bilhar Scapini
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | - Oscar Albuquerque Moraes
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Maria Cláudia Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | - Katia De Angelis
- Translational Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Human Movement Laboratory, São Judas Tadeu University (USJT), São Paulo/SP, Brazil. .,Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Érico Veríssimo, 701. Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz". Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP. CEP, 13.083-851, Brazil.
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18
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Rodrigues F, Feriani DJ, Barboza CA, Abssamra MEV, Rocha LY, Carrozi NM, Mostarda C, Figueroa D, Souza GIH, De Angelis K, Irigoyen MC, Rodrigues B. Cardioprotection afforded by exercise training prior to myocardial infarction is associated with autonomic function improvement. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2014; 14:84. [PMID: 25022361 PMCID: PMC4105517 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-14-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that exercise training (ET) protects against the pathological remodeling and ventricular dysfunction induced by myocardial infarction (MI). However, it remains unclear whether the positive adjustments on baroreflex and cardiac autonomic modulations promoted by ET may afford a cardioprotective mechanism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aerobic ET, prior to MI, on cardiac remodeling and function, as well as on baroreflex sensitivity and autonomic modulation in rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: sedentary rats submitted to Sham surgery (C); trained rats submitted to Sham surgery (TC); sedentary rats submitted to MI (I), trained rats submitted to MI (TI). Sham and MI were performed after ET period. After surgeries, echocardiographic, hemodynamic and autonomic (baroreflex sensitivity, cardiovascular autonomic modulation) evaluations were conducted. RESULTS Prior ET prevented an additional decline in exercise capacity in TI group in comparison with I. MI area was not modified by previous ET. ET was able to increase the survival and prevent additional left ventricle dysfunction in TI rats. Although changes in hemodynamic evaluations were not observed, ET prevented the decrease of baroreflex sensitivity, and autonomic dysfunction in TI animals when compared with I animals. Importantly, cardiac improvement was associated with the prevention of cardiac autonomic impairment in studied groups. CONCLUSIONS Prior ET was effective in changing aerobic capacity, left ventricular morphology and function in rats undergoing MI. Furthermore, these cardioprotective effects were associated with attenuated cardiac autonomic dysfunction observed in trained rats. Although these cause-effect relationships can only be inferred, rather than confirmed, our study suggests that positive adaptations of autonomic function by ET can play a vital role in preventing changes associated with cardiovascular disease, particularly in relation to MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Rodrigues
- Human Movement Laboratory, Sao Judas Tadeu University (USJT), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Leandro Yanase Rocha
- Human Movement Laboratory, Sao Judas Tadeu University (USJT), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Diego Figueroa
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Kátia De Angelis
- Translational Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Cláudia Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Human Movement Laboratory, Sao Judas Tadeu University (USJT), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Grans CF, Feriani DJ, Abssamra MEV, Rocha LY, Carrozzi NM, Mostarda C, Figueroa DM, Angelis KD, Irigoyen MC, Rodrigues B. Resistance training after myocardial infarction in rats: its role on cardiac and autonomic function. Arq Bras Cardiol 2014; 103:60-8. [PMID: 25014059 PMCID: PMC4126762 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20140093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although resistance exercise training is part of cardiovascular rehabilitation
programs, little is known about its role on the cardiac and autonomic function
after myocardial infarction. Objective To evaluate the effects of resistance exercise training, started early after
myocardial infarction, on cardiac function, hemodynamic profile, and autonomic
modulation in rats. Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sedentary control, trained
control, sedentary infarcted and trained infarcted rats. Each group with n = 9
rats. The animals underwent maximum load test and echocardiography at the
beginning and at the end of the resistance exercise training (in an adapted
ladder, 40% to 60% of the maximum load test, 3 months, 5 days/week). At the end,
hemodynamic, baroreflex sensitivity and autonomic modulation assessments were
made. Results The maximum load test increased in groups trained control (+32%) and trained
infarcted (+46%) in relation to groups sedentary control and sedentary infarcted.
Although no change occurred regarding the myocardial infarction size and systolic
function, the E/A ratio (-23%), myocardial performance index (-39%) and systolic
blood pressure (+6%) improved with resistance exercise training in group trained
infarcted. Concomitantly, the training provided additional benefits in the high
frequency bands of the pulse interval (+45%), as well as in the low frequency band
of systolic blood pressure (-46%) in rats from group trained infarcted in relation
to group sedentary infarcted. Conclusion Resistance exercise training alone may be an important and safe tool in the
management of patients after myocardial infarction, considering that it does not
lead to significant changes in the ventricular function, reduces the global
cardiac stress, and significantly improves the vascular and cardiac autonomic
modulation in infarcted rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Leandro Yanase Rocha
- Laboratório do Movimento Humano, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiano Mostarda
- Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Diego Mendrot Figueroa
- Laboratório de Hipertensão Experimental, Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kátia De Angelis
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Translacional, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Cláudia Irigoyen
- Laboratório de Hipertensão Experimental, Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Laboratório do Movimento Humano, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Role of training and detraining on inflammatory and metabolic profile in infarcted rats: influences of cardiovascular autonomic nervous system. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:207131. [PMID: 25045207 PMCID: PMC4090485 DOI: 10.1155/2014/207131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of exercise training (ET, 50-70% of VO2 max, 5 days/week) and detraining (DT) on inflammatory and metabolic profile after myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into control (C, n = 8), sedentary infarcted (SI, n = 9), trained infarcted (TI, n = 10; 3 months of ET), and detrained infarcted (DI, n = 11; 2 months of ET + 1 month of DT). After ET and DT protocols, ventricular function and inflammation, cardiovascular autonomic modulation (spectral analysis), and adipose tissue inflammation and lipolytic pathway were evaluated. ET after MI improved cardiac and vascular autonomic modulation, and these benefits were correlated with reduced inflammatory cytokines on the heart and adipose tissue. These positive changes were sustained even after 1 month of detraining. No expressive changes were observed in oxidative stress and lipolytic pathway in experimental groups. In conclusion, our results strongly suggest that the autonomic improvement promoted by ET, and maintained even after the detraining period, was associated with reduced inflammatory profile in the left ventricle and adipose tissue of rats subjected to MI. These data encourage enhancing cardiovascular autonomic function as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of inflammatory process triggered by MI.
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Role of exercise training on autonomic changes and inflammatory profile induced by myocardial infarction. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:702473. [PMID: 25045212 PMCID: PMC4090432 DOI: 10.1155/2014/702473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiovascular autonomic imbalance in patients after myocardial infarction (MI) provides a significant increase in mortality rate, and seems to precede metabolic, hormonal, and immunological changes. Moreover, the reduction in the parasympathetic function has been associated with inflammatory response in different pathological conditions. Over the years, most of the studies have indicated the exercise training (ET) as an important nonpharmacological tool in the management of autonomic dysfunction and reduction in inflammatory profile after a myocardial infarction. In this work, we reviewed the effects of ET on autonomic imbalance after MI, and its consequences, particularly, in the post-MI inflammatory profile. Clinical and experimental evidence regarding relationship between alterations in autonomic regulation and local or systemic inflammation response after MI were also discussed.
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La Rovere MT, Pinna GD. Beneficial effects of physical activity on baroreflex control in the elderly. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2014; 19:303-10. [PMID: 24844457 DOI: 10.1111/anec.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The baroreflex mechanisms, by controlling autonomic outflow to the heart and circulation, contribute importantly to neural circulatory control. The main function of the baroreflex is to prevent wide fluctuations in arterial blood pressure and to maintain the physiological homeostasis under basal resting conditions and in response to acute stress. Baroreflex-mediated changes in autonomic outflow affect heart rate, myocardial contractility, and peripheral vascular resistance. The baroreflex control of heart rate is of particular interest in pathological conditions, since it has been associated with increased propensity for cardiac mortality and sudden death. Aging is associated with significant cardiovascular modifications. The changes in baroreflex function that occur with age have been systematically studied by several methodological approaches. The available evidence indicates a reduced arterial baroreflex control of heart rate favoring an increase in sympathetic and a decrease in parasympathetic drive to the heart as well as an impairment in the baroreceptor control of blood pressure. Both kinds of changes have resultant clinical implications. Exercise training can modulate the age-related decline in baroreflex function and the attending abnormalities in autonomic control, thus accounting for some of the beneficial effects of physical activity in reducing the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa La Rovere
- Department of Cardiology and Biomedical Engineering, Fondazione "Salvatore Maugeri," IRCCS, Istituto Scientifico di Montescano (Pavia), Italy
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Mostarda CT, Rodrigues B, de Moraes OA, Moraes-Silva IC, Arruda PBO, Cardoso R, Scapini KB, Dos Santos F, De Angelis K, Irigoyen MC. Low intensity resistance training improves systolic function and cardiovascular autonomic control in diabetic rats. J Diabetes Complications 2014; 28:273-8. [PMID: 24630761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We evaluated the effects of low intensity resistance training (RT) on left ventricular (LV) function, baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and cardiovascular autonomic control of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into (n=8 each group): sedentary control (SC), trained control (TC), sedentary diabetic (SD), and trained diabetic (TD). Trained groups underwent low intensity RT (40%-50% 1 repetition maximum) for 10 weeks. Echocardiographic evaluation, arterial pressure (AP), heart rate (HR), BRS, and autonomic measurements were performed. RESULTS Diabetes induced an increase in glycemia and a reduction in body weight in diabetics when compared with control animals. Diabetic rats displayed cardiac dysfunction, reduced systolic AP and HR, impaired BRS and autonomic derangement when compared to control rats. RT improved ejection fraction (SD: 68%±1.3% vs. TD: 75%±3.0%) and velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (SD: 0.32±0.02 vs. TD: 0.40±0.01 circ/seg.10(-4)). Trained diabetic rats presented increased AP (+10.2%), HR (+10.4%), and BRS after RT protocol. CONCLUSIONS Low intensity RT induced an increase in systolic function in diabetic rats. This may be due to positive LV remodeling and BRS improvement, which may have played an important role in the attenuation of hemodynamic impairment and cardiac autonomic neuropathy in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano T Mostarda
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Human Movement Laboratory, Universidade São Judas Tadeu UST, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Oscar Albuquerque de Moraes
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil; Translational Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Ivana C Moraes-Silva
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Barros Olinto Arruda
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Ruymar Cardoso
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Katia Bilhar Scapini
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Dos Santos
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Kátia De Angelis
- Translational Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Cláudia Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
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Ventricular and autonomic benefits of exercise training persist after detraining in infarcted rats. Eur J Appl Physiol 2012; 113:1137-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-012-2533-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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