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Li X, Lao R, Lei J, Chen Y, Zhou Q, Wang T, Tong Y. Natural Products for Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Injury: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:7901. [PMID: 38067630 PMCID: PMC10708418 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver plays a vital role in metabolism, synthesis, and detoxification, but it is susceptible to damage from various factors such as viral infections, drug reactions, excessive alcohol consumption, and autoimmune diseases. This susceptibility is particularly problematic for patients requiring medication, as drug-induced liver injury often leads to underestimation, misdiagnosis, and difficulties in treatment. Acetaminophen (APAP) is a widely used and safe drug in therapeutic doses but can cause liver toxicity when taken in excessive amounts. This study aimed to investigate the hepatotoxicity of APAP and explore potential treatment strategies using a mouse model of APAP-induced liver injury. The study involved the evaluation of various natural products for their therapeutic potential. The findings revealed that natural products demonstrated promising hepatoprotective effects, potentially alleviating liver damage and improving liver function through various mechanisms such as oxidative stress and inflammation, which cause changes in signaling pathways. These results underscore the importance of exploring novel treatment options for drug-induced liver injury, suggesting that further research in this area could lead to the development of effective preventive and therapeutic interventions, ultimately benefiting patients with liver injury caused by medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyangzi Li
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (X.L.); (R.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Ruyang Lao
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (X.L.); (R.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiawei Lei
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (X.L.); (R.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Yuting Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116000, China;
| | - Qi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China;
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (X.L.); (R.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Yingpeng Tong
- School of Pharmacy, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China;
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Kuendee N, Naladta A, Kulsirirat T, Yimsoo T, Yingmema W, Pansuksan K, Sathirakul K, Sukprasert S. Lysiphyllum strychnifolium (Craib) A. Schmitz Extracts Moderate the Expression of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes: In Vivo Study to Clinical Propose. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:237. [PMID: 37259384 PMCID: PMC9961159 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysiphyllum strychnifolium (Craib) A. Schmitz (LS) has been traditionally used as a medicinal herb by folk healers in Thailand with rare evidence-based support. Hepatic cytochrome P450s (CYPs450) are well known as the drug-metabolizing enzymes that catalyze all drugs and toxicants. In this study, we investigated the mRNA levels of six clinically important CYPs450, i.e., CYP1A2, 3A2, 2C11, 2D1, 2D2, and 2E1, in rats given LS extracts. Seventy Wistar rats were randomized into seven groups (n = 10). Each group was given LS stem ethanol (SE) and leaf water (LW) extracts orally at doses of 300, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg body weight (mg/kg.bw) for twenty-eight consecutive days. After treatment, the expression of CYPs450 genes was measured using quantitative real-time PCR. The results revealed that SE and LW, which contained quercetin and gallic acid, promoted the upregulation of all CYPs450. Almost all CYPs450 genes were downregulated in all male LW-treated rats but upregulated in female-treated groups, suggesting that CYP gene expressions in LS-treated rats were influenced by gender. Moderate and high doses of the LS extracts had a tendency to induce six CYP450s' transcription levels in both rat genders. CYP2E1 gene showed a unique expression level in male rats receiving SE at a dose of 2000 mg/kg.bw, whereas a low dose of 300 mg/kg.bw was found in the LW-treated female group. As a result, our findings suggest that different doses of LS extracts can moderate the varying mRNA expression of clinically relevant CYP genes. In this study, we provide information about CYP induction and inhibition in vivo, which could be a desirable condition for furthering the practical use of LS extracts in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthaporn Kuendee
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok, Chonburi 20110, Thailand
| | - Alisa Naladta
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Thitianan Kulsirirat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Thunyatorn Yimsoo
- Animal Center, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Werayut Yingmema
- Animal Center, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kanoktip Pansuksan
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Korbtham Sathirakul
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sophida Sukprasert
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
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Pharmacokinetic Herb-Drug Interactions of Glipizide with Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) and Andrographolide in Normal and Diabetic Rats by Validated HPLC Method. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206901. [PMID: 36296494 PMCID: PMC9609824 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-administered medicinal herbs can modify a drug’s pharmacokinetics (PK), effectiveness, and toxicity. Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) ethanolic extract (APE) and andrographolide (AND) (a potent CYP2C9 inducer/inhibitor) can alter the pharmacokinetic parameters of glipizide (GLZ). This study aimed to determine the potential pharmacokinetics of herb−drug interactions between GLZ and APE/AND in the plasma of normal and diabetic rats using the HPLC bioanalysis method. The glipizide bioanalytical method established with RP-HPLC/UV instrument was validated following the EMA guidelines. GLZ was administered alone and in combination with APE or AND to normal and diabetic rats. The GLZ pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated according to the correlation between concentration and sampling time using the PK solver program. A simple and rapid GLZ bioanalysis technique with a lower limit of quantitation of 25 ng/mL was developed and presented the following parameters: accuracy (error ≤ 15%), precision (CV ≤ 15%), selectivity, stability, and linearity (R2 = 0.998) at concentrations ranging 25−1500 ng/mL. APE administration significantly improved the Cmax and AUC0−t/AUC0−∞ GLZ values in normal and diabetic rats (p < 0.05). AND significantly reduced the bioavailability of GLZ in diabetic rats with small values of T 1/2, Cmax, and AUC0−t/AUC0−∞ (p < 0.05). This combination can be considered in administering medications because it can influence the pharmacological effects of GLZ.
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Intharuksa A, Arunotayanun W, Yooin W, Sirisa-ard P. A Comprehensive Review of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees and Its Constituents as Potential Lead Compounds for COVID-19 Drug Discovery. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144479. [PMID: 35889352 PMCID: PMC9316804 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has intensively disrupted global health, economics, and well-being. Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees has been used as a complementary treatment for COVID-19 in several Asian countries. This review aimed to summarize the information available regarding A. paniculata and its constituents, to provide critical points relating to its pharmacological properties, safety, and efficacy, revealing its potential to serve as a source of lead compounds for COVID-19 drug discovery. A. paniculata and its active compounds possess favorable antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antipyretic activities that could be beneficial for COVID-19 treatment. Interestingly, recent in silico and in vitro studies have revealed that the active ingredients in A. paniculata showed promising activities against 3CLpro and its virus-specific target protein, human hACE2 protein; they also inhibit infectious virion production. Moreover, existing publications regarding randomized controlled trials demonstrated that the use of A. paniculata alone or in combination was superior to the placebo in reducing the severity of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) manifestations, especially as part of early treatment, without serious side effects. Taken together, its chemical and biological properties, especially its antiviral activities against SARS-CoV-2, clinical trials on URTI, and the safety of A. paniculata, as discussed in this review, support the argument that A. paniculata is a promising natural source for drug discovery regarding COVID-19 post-infectious treatment, rather than prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aekkhaluck Intharuksa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (A.I.); (W.Y.); (P.S.-a.)
| | - Warunya Arunotayanun
- Kanchanabhishek Institute of Medical and Public Health Technology, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Nonthaburi 11150, Thailand
- Correspondence:
| | - Wipawadee Yooin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (A.I.); (W.Y.); (P.S.-a.)
| | - Panee Sirisa-ard
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (A.I.); (W.Y.); (P.S.-a.)
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Sundhani E, Lukitaningsih E, Nurrochmad A, Nugroho AE. Potential pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic herb-drug interactions of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) and andrographolide: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2022.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Herb–drug interactions (HDIs) in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics can occur when natural compounds are used in combination with drugs. This study aimed to review the potential interaction of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) extract (APE) and its primary compound andrographolide (AND) with several drugs exhibiting various pharmacological activities.Methods: In this systematic review, articles were collected from international databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link, and Scopus until August 2021. The following keywords were used: Andrographis paniculata, andrographolide, HDI, drug interaction, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacology. This review was written in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA), SYRCLE’s risk of bias (RoB) tool for animal intervention studies, and Cochrane RoB 2 tool to analyze the RoB for qualitative assessment.Results: Twelve articles were included in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study. Five studies explored the potential of HDIs for combining APE with drugs and AND with theophylline, etoricoxib, nabumetone, naproxen, and tolbutamide. Five studies focused on AND in combination with aminophylline and doxofylline, meloxicam, glyburide, glimepiride, metformin, and warfarin. Two studies tested the combination of APE with gliclazide and midazolam. The HDI mechanism involving the inhibition or induction of cytochrome P450 enzyme expression was dominant in influencing the drug’s pharmacokinetic profile. Pharmacological studies on the combination of several drugs, particularly anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic drugs, showed a synergistic activity.Conclusion: APE and AND have potential pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic HDIs with various drugs. This study can be used as a therapeutic consideration in clinical aspects related to the possibility of HDIs of A. paniculata (Burm. f.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elza Sundhani
- Doctoral Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Jl. KH. Ahmad Dahlan Dukuhwaluh, Purwokerto, Central Java 53182, Indonesia
| | - Endang Lukitaningsih
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Arief Nurrochmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Agung Endro Nugroho
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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Biswas M, Sawajan N, Rungrotmongkol T, Sanachai K, Ershadian M, Sukasem C. Pharmacogenetics and Precision Medicine Approaches for the Improvement of COVID-19 Therapies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:835136. [PMID: 35250581 PMCID: PMC8894812 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.835136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Many drugs are being administered to tackle coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic situations without establishing clinical effectiveness or tailoring safety. A repurposing strategy might be more effective and successful if pharmacogenetic interventions are being considered in future clinical studies/trials. Although it is very unlikely that there are almost no pharmacogenetic data for COVID-19 drugs, however, from inferring the pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic(PD) properties and some pharmacogenetic evidence in other diseases/clinical conditions, it is highly likely that pharmacogenetic associations are also feasible in at least some COVID-19 drugs. We strongly mandate to undertake a pharmacogenetic assessment for at least these drug-gene pairs (atazanavir-UGT1A1, ABCB1, SLCO1B1, APOA5; efavirenz-CYP2B6; nevirapine-HLA, CYP2B6, ABCB1; lopinavir-SLCO1B3, ABCC2; ribavirin-SLC28A2; tocilizumab-FCGR3A; ivermectin-ABCB1; oseltamivir-CES1, ABCB1; clopidogrel-CYP2C19, ABCB1, warfarin-CYP2C9, VKORC1; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)-CYP2C9) in COVID-19 patients for advancing precision medicine. Molecular docking and computational studies are promising to achieve new therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The current situation in the discovery of anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents at four important targets from in silico studies has been described and summarized in this review. Although natural occurring compounds from different herbs against SARS-CoV-2 infection are favorable, however, accurate experimental investigation of these compounds is warranted to provide insightful information. Moreover, clinical considerations of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and drug-herb interactions (DHIs) of the existing repurposed drugs along with pharmacogenetic (e.g., efavirenz and CYP2B6) and herbogenetic (e.g., andrographolide and CYP2C9) interventions, collectively called multifactorial drug-gene interactions (DGIs), may further accelerate the development of precision COVID-19 therapies in the real-world clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohitosh Biswas
- Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Nares Sawajan
- Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Structural and Computational Biology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kamonpan Sanachai
- Structural and Computational Biology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Maliheh Ershadian
- Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chonlaphat Sukasem
- Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, The Preventive Genomics and Family Check-up Services Center, Bumrungrad International Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Drug-Herb Interactions among Thai Herbs and Anticancer Drugs: A Scoping Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020146. [PMID: 35215264 PMCID: PMC8880589 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
More than half of Thai patients with cancer take herbal preparations while receiving anticancer therapy. There is no systematic or scoping review on interactions between anticancer drugs and Thai herbs, although several research articles have that Thai herbs inhibit cytochrome P450 (CYP) or efflux transporter. Therefore, we gathered and integrated information related to the interactions between anticancer drugs and Thai herbs. Fifty-two anticancer drugs from the 2020 Thailand National List of Essential Medicines and 75 herbs from the 2020 Thai Herbal Pharmacopoeia were selected to determine potential anticancer drug–herb interactions. The pharmacological profiles of the selected anticancer drugs were reviewed and matched with the herbal pharmacological activities to determine possible interactions. A large number of potential anticancer drug–herb interactions were found; the majority involved CYP inhibition. Efflux transporter inhibition and enzyme induction were also found, which could interfere with the pharmacokinetic profiles of anticancer drugs. However, there is limited knowledge on the pharmacodynamic interactions between anticancer drugs and Thai herbs. Therefore, further research is warranted. Information regarding interactions between anticancer drugs and Thai herbs should provide as a useful resource to healthcare professionals in daily practice. It could enable the prediction of possible anticancer drug–herb interactions and could be used to optimize cancer therapy outcomes.
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Rodseeda C, Yamanont P, Pinthong D, Korprasertthaworn P. Inhibitory effects of Thai herbal extracts on the cytochrome P450 3A-mediated the metabolism of gefitinib, lapatinib and sorafenib. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:1846-1852. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Parmentier C, Baze A, Untrau M, Kampkoetter A, Lasserre D, Richert L. Evaluation of human relevance of Nicofluprole-induced rat thyroid disruption. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 435:115831. [PMID: 34922950 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Nicofluprole is a novel insecticide of the phenylpyrazole class conferring selective antagonistic activity on insect GABA receptors. After repeated daily dietary administration to Wistar rats for 28/90 days, Nicofluprole induced increases in thyroid (and liver) weight, associated with histopathology changes. Nicofluprole did not inhibit thyroid peroxydase nor sodium/iodide symporter, two key players in the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones, indicating the absence of a direct thyroid effect. The results seen in rats suggested a mode of action of Nicofluprole driven by the molecular initiating event of CAR/PXR nuclear receptor activation in livers, with key events of increases in liver weight and hypertrophy, decreasing circulatory thyroid hormones, a compensatory increase in TSH release and follicular cell hypertrophy. To explore the relevance of these changes to humans, well established in vitro rat and human sandwich-cultured hepatocytes were exposed to Nicofluprole up to 7 days. A concentration-dependent CYP3A induction (PXR-activation), an increase in T4-glucuronoconjugation accompanied by UGT1A/2B inductions was observed in rat but not in human hepatocytes. The inductions seen with Nicofluprole in rat (in vivo and in vitro in hepatocytes) that were absent in human hepatocytes represent another example of species-selectivity of nuclear CAR/PXR receptor activators. Importantly, the different pattern observed in rat and human models demonstrate that Nicofluprole-related thyroid effects observed in the rat are with no human relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Parmentier
- KaLy-Cell S.A.S, 20A rue du Général Leclerc, 67115 Plobsheim, France.
| | - Audrey Baze
- KaLy-Cell S.A.S, 20A rue du Général Leclerc, 67115 Plobsheim, France.
| | - Meiggie Untrau
- KaLy-Cell S.A.S, 20A rue du Général Leclerc, 67115 Plobsheim, France
| | - Andreas Kampkoetter
- Bayer Animal Health GmbH, An Elanco Animal Health Company, 50 Alfred-Nobel-Strasse, 40789 Monheim, Germany.
| | - Dominique Lasserre
- Bayer S.A.S. Bayer CropScience, 355 rue Dostoïevski, F-06560 Sophia Antipolis, France.
| | - Lysiane Richert
- KaLy-Cell S.A.S, 20A rue du Général Leclerc, 67115 Plobsheim, France.
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Ye L, Cheng L, Deng Y, Liu H, Wu X, Wang T, Chang Q, Zhang Y, Wang D, Li Z, Yang X. Herb-Drug Interaction Between Xiyanping Injection and Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Two Agents Used in COVID-19 Pharmacotherapy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:773126. [PMID: 34899329 PMCID: PMC8660086 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.773126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The global epidemic outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which exhibits high infectivity, resulted in thousands of deaths due to the lack of specific drugs. Certain traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), such as Xiyanping injection (XYPI), have exhibited remarkable benefits against COVID-19. Although TCM combined with Western medicine is considered an effective approach for the treatment of COVID-19, the combination may result in potential herb-drug interactions in the clinical setting. The present study aims to verify the effect of XYPI on the oral pharmacokinetics of lopinavir (LPV)/ritonavir (RTV) using an in vivo rat model and in vitro incubation model of human liver microsomes. After being pretreated with an intravenous dose of XYPI (52.5 mg/kg) for one day and for seven consecutive days, the rats received an oral dose of LPV/RTV (42:10.5 mg/kg). Except for the t1/2 of LPV is significantly prolonged from 4.66 to 7.18 h (p < 0.05) after seven consecutive days pretreatment, the pretreatment resulted in only a slight change in the other pharmacokinetic parameters of LPV. However, the pharmacokinetic parameters of RTV were significantly changed after pretreatment with XYPI, particularly in treatment for seven consecutive days, the AUC0-∞ of RTV was significantly shifted from 0.69 to 2.72 h μg/mL (p < 0.05) and the CL exhibited a tendency to decrease from 2.71 L/h to 0.94 L/h (p < 0.05), and the t1/2 of RTV prolonged from 3.70 to 5.51 h (p < 0.05), in comparison with the corresponding parameters in untreated rats. After administration of XYPI, the expression of Cyp3a1 protein was no significant changed in rats. The in vitro incubation study showed XYPI noncompetitively inhibited human CYP3A4 with an apparent Ki value of 0.54 mg/ml in a time-dependent manner. Our study demonstrated that XYPI affects the pharmacokinetics of LPV/RTV by inhibiting CYP3A4 activity. On the basis of this data, patients and clinicians can take precautions to avoid potential drug-interaction risks in COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhu Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Bijie City First People's Hospital, Bijie, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Bijie City First People's Hospital, Bijie, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Bijie City First People's Hospital, Bijie, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Bijie City First People's Hospital, Bijie, China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Bijie City First People's Hospital, Bijie, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Bijie City First People's Hospital, Bijie, China
| | - Qi Chang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Bijie City First People's Hospital, Bijie, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Bijie City First People's Hospital, Bijie, China
| | - Zongze Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Bijie City First People's Hospital, Bijie, China
| | - Xixiao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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Malik Z, Parveen R, Parveen B, Zahiruddin S, Aasif Khan M, Khan A, Massey S, Ahmad S, Husain SA. Anticancer potential of andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees and its mechanisms of action. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 272:113936. [PMID: 33610710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Synthetic drugs used for cancer treatment have side effects that may be immunosupressive, can cause liver, kidney and cardiac toxicity, and infertility and ovarian failure, among others. Thus, herbal drugs could be used in the cancer treatment as an adjuvant therapy. Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees (AP) is one of the traditional herbs used in different alternative medicinal systems such as Ayurveda, Unani, Chinese, Malayi, Siddha, etc. for the treatment of various disorders and diseases including cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of writing this review is to highlight the medicinal importance of AP and its main phytoconstituent andrographolide (AG). The main emphasis was given on the anticancer activity of AG, its proposed mechanisms of action, novel approaches used to improve its biopharmaceutical properties with the perspective of evidence-based research, and its development as an adjuvant therapy for cancer treatment in future. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature survey was conducted and research papers were retrieved from different databases such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, ACS, Wiley online library, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Scopus during 1970-2020. Research articles, review articles, and short communications, etc. were used for this purpose. The papers were selected on the basis of exclusion and inclusion criteria. RESULTS Different anticancer mechanisms of AG have been reportedly proven such as cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, NF-κβ inhibition, antiangiogenesis, cytokine inhibition, etc. whereas its pharmacokinetic properties showed its highly protein bound nature, Cyt P400 (CYP) inhibition, low aqueous solubility, poor oral bioavailability, etc. Different novel formulations of AG have been investigated to increase its bioavailability for better efficacy. CONCLUSION This review can provide knowledge about the potential applicability of AP or AG as an adjuvant therapy in cancer treatment. Further research is needed before making any conclusion about the efficacy in humans as an adjuvant therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya Malik
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India; Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Rabea Parveen
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India; Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Sultan Zahiruddin
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Aasif Khan
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Asifa Khan
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sheersh Massey
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| | - Syed Akhtar Husain
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
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Suriyo T, Chotirat S, Rangkadilok N, Pholphana N, Satayavivad J. Interactive effects of Andrographis paniculata extracts and cancer chemotherapeutic 5-Fluorouracil on cytochrome P450s expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. J Herb Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Efficacy and mechanism of actions of natural antimicrobial drugs. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 216:107671. [PMID: 32916205 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial infections have significantly increased over the last decades, and the mortality rates remain unacceptably high. The emergence of new resistance patterns and the spread of new viruses challenge the eradication of infectious diseases. The declining efficacy of antimicrobial drugs has become a global public health problem. Natural products derived from natural sources, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, have significant efficacy for the treatment of infectious diseases accompanied by less adverse effects, synergy, and ability to overcome drug resistance. As the Chinese female scientist Youyou Tu received the Nobel Prize for the antimalarial drug artemisinin, antimicrobial drugs developed from Traditional Chinese Medicine are expected to receive increasing attention again. This review summarizes the antimicrobial agents derived from natural products approved for nearly 20 years and describes their efficacy and mode of action. The aim of this unit is to review the current status of antimicrobial drugs from natural products in order to increase the value of natural products as a source of novel drug candidates for infectious diseases.
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Abstract
In India, traditional herbal medicines have been an essential part of therapy for the last centuries. However, a large portion of the general populace is using these therapies in combination with allopathy lacking a proper understanding of possible interactions (synergistic or antagonistic) between the herbal product and the allopathic drug. This is based on the assumption that herbal drugs are relatively safe, i.e. without side effects. We have established a comprehensive understanding of the possible herb-drug interactions and identified interaction patterns between the most common herbs and drugs currently in use in the Indian market. For this purpose, we listed common interactors (herbs and allopathic drugs) using available scientific literature. Drugs were then categorized into therapeutic classes and aligned to produce a recognizable pattern present only if interactions were observed between a drug class and herb in the scientific literature. Interestingly, the top three categories (with highest interactors), antibiotics, oral hypoglycemics, and anticonvulsants, displayed synergistic interactions only. Another major interactor category was CYP450 enzymes, a natural component of our metabolism. Both activation and inhibition of CYP450 enzymes were observed. As many allopathic drugs are known CYP substrates, inhibitors or inducers, ingestion of an interacting herb could result in interaction with the co-administered drug. This information is largely unavailable for the Indian population and should be studied in greater detail to avoid such interactions. Although this information is not absolute, the systematic literature review proves the existence of herb-drug interactions in the literature and studies where no interaction was detected are equally important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, India
| | | | - Gurjot Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, India
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Chong YM, Kaur G, Tan ML. Andrographolide is neither a human organic anion transporter 1 (hOAT1) substrate nor inhibitor. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2019; 21:754-771. [PMID: 30606060 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2018.1520704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Andrographolide, a major bioactive compound isolated from Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Nees, was evaluated for its effects on the hOAT1 membrane transporter. Substrate determination and inhibition of hOAT1-mediated uptake transport assay was carried out using recombinant CHO-hOAT1 cells. The results showed that the uptake ratio of andrographolide was less than 2.0 at all concentrations tested, indicating that andrographolide is not a hOAT1 substrate. Andrographolide has no significant effects on the p-aminohippuric acid uptake and on the mRNA and protein expression of hOAT1. In conclusion, andrographolide may not pose a drug-herb interaction risk related to hOAT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoong Min Chong
- a Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals, NIBM , Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
| | - Gurjeet Kaur
- b Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM) , Universiti Sains Malaysia , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
| | - Mei Lan Tan
- a Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals, NIBM , Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
- c Advanced Medical and Dental Institute , Universiti Sains Malaysia , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
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Zolezzi JM, Inestrosa NC. Diterpenes and the crosstalk with the arachidonic acid pathways, relevance in neurodegeneration. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:1705-1706. [PMID: 31169181 PMCID: PMC6585566 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.257521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Zolezzi
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE UC), Department de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago; Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Nibaldo C Inestrosa
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE UC), Department de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago; Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile; Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Andrographis paniculata can modulate the ratio of Treg to Th17 cells in atherosclerotic rats. CLINICAL NUTRITION EXPERIMENTAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Martínez-Pérez EF, Hernández-Terán F, Serrano-Gallardo LB. IN VIVO EFFECT OF RUTA CHALEPENSIS EXTRACT ON HEPATIC CYTOCHROME 3A1 IN RATS. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES : AJTCAM 2017. [PMID: 28638868 PMCID: PMC5471483 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i4.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Since the time when drugs began to be used, it became evident that they could produce a therapeutic effect, but also a clinical condition of toxicity or no effect at all on humans, despite using the same doses in different patients. Such untoward effects were termed “drug idiosyncrasy” and also “idiosyncratic drug effects”, but the factors producing such diverse responses were never taken into account. Materials and Methods: Ruta chalepensis L. (fringed rue) is an herbaceous plant of the Rutaceae family used in traditional medicine due to its properties, such as its analgesic and antipyretic effects. This study used 25 male rats divided into five groups. Plant extract was administered to Groups 1 and 2 at doses of 100 and 30 mg/kg/day, respectively, for three days; Group 3 was administered 100 mg/kg/day of dexamethasone (DEX), as well as 100 mg/kg/day of Ruta chalepensis extract; Group 4 was administered 100 mg/kg/day of DEX and treated as positive control; Group 5 was treated as negative control and was administered a physiological solution. Twenty-four hours after the the last dose, the animals were sacrificed and their livers were extracted. Results: The aqueous extract of Ruta chalepensis, intraperitoneally administered, was able to induce cytochrome 3A1 in doses of 30 mg/kg/day, and a greater inducing effect occurs when the plant is co-administered in doses of 100 mg/kg/day with dexamethasone. Conclusion: This study suggests that aqueous extract of Ruta chalepensis can induce cytochrome 3a1. This study helps provide a better understanding of CYP3a regulation. Future in vitro work is needed to determine the compounds that produce the cytochrome modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Fabiola Martínez-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédicas (CIBM), Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Facultad de Medicina, Torreón, Coahuila, México
| | | | - Luis Benjamín Serrano-Gallardo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédicas (CIBM), Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Facultad de Medicina, Torreón, Coahuila, México
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Kar A, Pandit S, Mukherjee K, Bahadur S, Mukherjee PK. Safety assessment of selected medicinal food plants used in Ayurveda through CYP450 enzyme inhibition study. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:333-340. [PMID: 27030208 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Andrographis paniculata, Bacopa monnieri and Centella asiatica are mentioned in Ayurveda for the management of neurodegenerative disorders. These plants and their phytomolecules, such as andrographolide, bacoside A and asiaticoside, were studied for their inhibition potential on pooled CYP450 as well as human CYP3A4, CYP2D6, CYP2C9 and CYP1A2 by CYP-CO complex assay and fluorogenic assay respectively followed by IC50 determination. Quantification of bioactive compounds present in the extracts was done by RP-HPLC. Heavy metal content in the selected medicinal plants was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. RESULT CYP-CO complex assay indicated significantly less inhibition potential than standard inhibitor (P < 0.05 and above). A. paniculata showed highest inhibitory activity against CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 (IC50 = 63.06 ± 1.35 µg mL-1 ; 88.80 ± 3.32 µg mL-1 ), whereas C. asiatica and B. monnieri showed least inhibitory activity against CYP1A2 (IC50 = 288.83 ± 1.61 µg mL-1 ) and CYP2C9 (184.68 ± 3.79 µg mL-1 ), respectively. In all cases the extract showed higher inhibition than the single bioactive compounds. The heavy metals content in the plant extracts were within the permissible limits. CONCLUSION The findings suggested that selected food plants and bioactive compounds contributed negligible interaction potential with CYP isozymes and may not possess any harmful effect with regard to their therapeutic application. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kar
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Subrata Pandit
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Kakali Mukherjee
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Shiv Bahadur
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Pulok K Mukherjee
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
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Balap A, Lohidasan S, Sinnathambi A, Mahadik K. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Interaction of Andrographolide and Standardized Extract ofAndrographis paniculata(Nees) with Nabumetone in Wistar Rats. Phytother Res 2016; 31:75-80. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Balap
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy; Bharati Vidyapeeth, Deemed University (BVDU); Pune 411 038 India
| | - Sathiyanarayanan Lohidasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy; Bharati Vidyapeeth, Deemed University (BVDU); Pune 411 038 India
| | - Arulmozhi Sinnathambi
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy; Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University (BVDU); Pune 411 038 India
| | - Kakasaheb Mahadik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy; Bharati Vidyapeeth, Deemed University (BVDU); Pune 411 038 India
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Ma BL, Ma YM. Pharmacokinetic herb–drug interactions with traditional Chinese medicine: progress, causes of conflicting results and suggestions for future research. Drug Metab Rev 2016; 48:1-26. [DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2015.1124888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Muthiah YD, Ong CE, Sulaiman SA, Ismail R. Inhibition of Human Cytochrome P450 2c8-catalyzed Amodiaquine N-desethylation: Effect of Five Traditionally and Commonly Used Herbs. Pharmacognosy Res 2016; 8:292-297. [PMID: 27695271 PMCID: PMC5004522 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.188886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In Southeast Asia and many parts of the world, herbal products are increasingly used in parallel with modern medicine. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of herbs commonly used in Southeast Asia on activity of cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8), an important human hepatic enzyme in drug metabolism. Materials and Methods: The selected herbs, such as Eurycoma longifolia Jack (ELJ), Labisia pumila (LP), Echinacea purpurea (EP), Andrographis paniculata (AP), and Ginkgo biloba (GB), were subjected to inhibition studies using an in vitro CYP2C8 activity marker, amodiaquine N-desethylase assay. Inhibition parameters, inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50), and Ki values were determined to study the potency and mode of inhibition. Results: All herbs inhibited CYP2C8 with the following order of potency: LP > ELJ > GB > AP > EP. LP and ELJ inhibited potently at Ki's of 2 and 4 times the Ki of quercetin, the positive control. The inhibition by LP was uncompetitive in nature as compared to competitive or mixed type inhibition observed with other herbs. GB exhibited moderate inhibitory effect at a Ki6 times larger than quercetin Ki. AP and EP, on the other hand, showed only weak inhibition. Conclusion: The herbs we chose represented the more commonly used herbs in Southeast Asia where collision of tradition and modernization in healthcare, if not properly managed, may lead to therapeutic misadventures. We conclude that concurrent consumption of some herbs, in particular, LP and ELJ, may have relevance in drug-herb interactions via CYP2C8 inhibition in vivo. SUMMARY Herbs are increasingly used in parallel with modern medicines nowadays. In this study five commonly used herbs in Southeast Asia region, ELJ, LP, EP, AP and GB, were investigated for their in vitro inhibitory potency on CYP2C8, an important drug-metaboliz-ing human hepatic enzyme. All herbs inhibited CYP2C8 activity marker, amodiaquine N-desethylation, with potency order of LP > ELJ > GB >AP > EP. LP, ELJ and GB exhibited Ki values of 2, 4 and 6 times the Ki of quercetin, the positive control, indicating potent to moderate degree of enzyme inhibition. AP and EP, on the other hand, showed only weak inhibition. In summary, concurrent consumption of some herbs especially LP and ELJ may have relevance in drug-herb interactions via CYP2C8 inhibition in vivo.
Abbreviations Used: AQ: Amodiaquine, AP: Andrographis paniculata, CYP: Cytochrome P450, DEAQ: Desethylamodiaquine, EP: Echinacea purpurea, ELJ: Eurycoma longifolia Jack, GB: Ginkgo biloba, Ki: Inhibition constant, LP: Labisia pumila, Vmax: Maximal velocity, Km: Michaelis-Menten constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasotha Devi Muthiah
- Pharmacogenetics Research Group, Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains, Malaysia
| | - Chin Eng Ong
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Amrah Sulaiman
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Rusli Ismail
- Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS, Universiti Malaya, 59990 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Dent MP, Carmichael PL, Jones KC, Martin FL. Towards a non-animal risk assessment for anti-androgenic effects in humans. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2015; 83:94-106. [PMID: 26115536 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Toxicology testing is undergoing a transformation from a system based on high-dose studies in laboratory animals to one founded primarily on in vitro methods that evaluate changes in normal cellular signalling pathways using human-relevant cells or tissues. We review the tools and approaches that could be used to develop a non-animal safety assessment for anti-androgenic effects in humans, with a focus on the molecular initiating events (MIEs) that human disorders indicate critical for normal functioning of the hypothalamus-pituitary-testicular (HPT) axis. In vitro test systems exist which can be used to characterize the effects of test chemicals on some MIEs such as androgen receptor antagonism, inhibition of steroidogenic enzymes or 5α-reductase inhibition. When used alongside information describing the pharmacokinetics of a specific chemical exposure, these could be used to inform a pathways-based safety assessment. However, some parts of the HPT axis such as events occurring in the hypothalamus or pituitary are not well represented by accepted in vitro methods. In vitro tools to characterize perturbations in these events need to be developed before a fully integrated model of the HPT axis can be described. Knowledge gaps also exist which prevent us from using in vitro data to predict the type and severity of in vivo effect(s) that could arise from a given level of in vitro anti-androgenic activity. This means that more work is needed to reliably link an MIE with an adverse outcome. However, especially for chemicals with low anti-androgenic activity, human exposure data can be used to put in vitro mode of action data into context for risk-based safety decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Dent
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever Colworth Science Park, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK.
| | - Paul L Carmichael
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever Colworth Science Park, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Kevin C Jones
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Francis L Martin
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
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Domitrović R, Potočnjak I. A comprehensive overview of hepatoprotective natural compounds: mechanism of action and clinical perspectives. Arch Toxicol 2015; 90:39-79. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Tang J, Ji H, Shi J, Wu L. Ephedra water decoction and cough tablets containing ephedra and liquorice induce CYP1A2 but not CYP2E1 hepatic enzymes in rats. Xenobiotica 2015; 46:141-6. [PMID: 26153439 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1060371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
1. Ephedra water decoction (EWD) and cough tablets containing ephedra and liquorice (maxing cough tablets, MXCT) have been widely used in the treatment of asthma. In the clinic, EWD and MXCT may be prescribed with theophylline, one of the most popular antiasthmatic drugs. CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 are mainly involved in the oxidative metabolism of theophylline in human liver. Drug interactions involving the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms generally are of two types: enzyme induction or enzyme inhibition. Enzyme inhibition reduces metabolism, whereas induction can increase it. 2. To evaluate the pretreatment effect of EWD and MXCT on CYP1A2 and CYP2E1, CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 activity, the protein expression and mRNA expression levels were determined. After pretreatment with EWD or MXCT, the enzyme activity, mRNA expression and protein expression of CYP1A2 were increased significantly (p < 0.05), but enzyme activity of CYP2E1 did not change compared with the control. 3. It was demonstrated that EWD or MXCT pretreatment obviously induced CYP1A2, therefore, in patients taking EWD or MXCT, possible CYP-induced drug interaction should be noted to decrease the risk of therapeutic failure or adverse effects resulting from the use of additional therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingling Tang
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University , Harbin , P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Ji
- b Department of Pharmacy , The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medications Research , Harbin , P.R. China , and
| | - Jing Shi
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University , Harbin , P.R. China .,c Hulun Buir Institute for Food and Drug Control , Hulun Buir , P.R. China
| | - Linhua Wu
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University , Harbin , P.R. China .,b Department of Pharmacy , The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medications Research , Harbin , P.R. China , and
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Pan Y, Tiong KH, Abd-Rashid BA, Ismail Z, Ismail R, Mak JW, Ong CE. In vitro effect of important herbal active constituents on human cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) activity. PHYTOMEDICINE 2014; 21:1645-50. [PMID: 25442272 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate eight herbal active constituents (andrographolide, asiaticoside, asiatic acid, madecassic acid, eupatorin, sinensetin, caffeic acid, and rosmarinic acid) on their potential inhibitory effects on human cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) activity. A fluorescence-based enzyme assay was performed by co-incubating human cDNA-expressed CYP1A2 with its selective probe substrate, 3-cyano-7-ethoxycoumarin (CEC), in the absence or presence of various concentrations of herbal active constituents. The metabolite (cyano-hydroxycoumarin) formed was subsequently measured in order to obtain IC50 values. The results indicated that only eupatorin and sinensetin moderately inhibited CYP1A2 with IC50 values of 50.8 and 40.2 μM, while the other active compounds did not significantly affect CYP1A2 activity with IC50 values more than 100 μM. Ki values further determined for eupatorin and sinensetin were 46.4 and 35.2 μM, respectively. Our data indicated that most of the investigated herbal constituents have negligible CYP1A2 inhibitory effect. In vivo studies however may be warranted to ascertain the inhibitory effect of eupatorin and sinensetin on CYP1A2 activity in clinical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Pan
- Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kai Hung Tiong
- School of Medical Sciences, International Medical University, 126, Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Badrul Amini Abd-Rashid
- Herbal Medicine Research Unit, Division of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zakiah Ismail
- Herbal Medicine Research Unit, Division of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rusli Ismail
- Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), Universiti Malaya, Level 17 Wisma R&D, Jalan Pantai Baru, 59990 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Joon Wah Mak
- School of Medical Sciences, International Medical University, 126, Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chin Eng Ong
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Impheng H, Pongcharoen S, Richert L, Pekthong D, Srisawang P. The selective target of capsaicin on FASN expression and de novo fatty acid synthesis mediated through ROS generation triggers apoptosis in HepG2 cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107842. [PMID: 25255125 PMCID: PMC4177889 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of the mammalian de novo synthesis of long-chain saturated fatty acids (LCFAs) by blocking the fatty acid synthase (FASN) enzyme activity in tumor cells that overexpress FASN can promote apoptosis, without apparent cytotoxic to non-tumor cells. The present study aimed to focus on the potent inhibitory effect of capsaicin on the fatty acid synthesis pathway inducing apoptosis of capsaicin in HepG2 cells. The use of capsaicin as a source for a new FASN inhibitor will provide new insight into its possible application as a selective anti-cancer therapy. The present findings showed that capsaicin promoted apoptosis as well as cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. The onset of apoptosis was correlated with a dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Apoptotic induction by capsaicin was mediated by inhibition of FASN protein expression which was accompanied by decreasing its activity on the de novo fatty acid synthesis. The expression of FASN was higher in HepG2 cells than in normal hepatocytes that were resistant to undergoing apoptosis following capsaicin administration. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of capsaicin on FASN expression and activity was found to be mediated by an increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Treatment of HepG2 cells with capsaicin failed to alter ACC and ACLY protein expression, suggesting ACC and ACLY might not be the specific targets of capsaicin to induce apoptosis. An accumulation of malonyl-CoA level following FASN inhibition represented a major cause of mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic induction instead of deprivation of fatty acid per se. Here, we also obtained similar results with C75 that exhibited apoptosis induction by reducing the levels of fatty acid without any change in the abundance of FASN expression along with increasing ROS production. Collectively, our results provide novel evidence that capsaicin exhibits a potent anti-cancer property by targeting FASN protein in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hathaichanok Impheng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Sutatip Pongcharoen
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Lysiane Richert
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Dumrongsak Pekthong
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- * E-mail: (DP); (PS)
| | - Piyarat Srisawang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- * E-mail: (DP); (PS)
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Tan ML, Lim LE. The effects of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees extract and diterpenoids on the CYP450 isoforms' activities, a review of possible herb-drug interaction risks. Drug Chem Toxicol 2014; 38:241-53. [PMID: 25156015 DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2014.947504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees is a popular medicinal plant and its components are used in various traditional product preparations. However, its herb-drug interactions risks remain unclear. This review specifically discusses the various published studies carried out to evaluate the effects of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees plant extracts and diterpenoids on the CYP450 metabolic enzyme and if the plant components pose a possible herb-drug interaction risk. Unfortunately, the current data are insufficient to indicate if the extracts or diterpenoids can be labeled as in vitro CYP1A2, CYP2C9 or CYP3A4 inhibitors. A complete CYP inhibition assay utilizing human liver microsomes and the derivation of relevant parameters to predict herb-drug interaction risks may be necessary for these isoforms. However, based on the current studies, none of the extracts and diterpenoids exhibited CYP450 induction activity in human hepatocytes or human-derived cell lines. It is crucial that a well-defined experimental design is needed to make a meaningful herb-drug interaction prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Lan Tan
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia and
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Koe XF, Tengku Muhammad TS, Chong ASC, Wahab HA, Tan ML. Cytochrome P450 induction properties of food and herbal-derived compounds using a novel multiplex RT-qPCR in vitro assay, a drug-food interaction prediction tool. Food Sci Nutr 2014; 2:500-20. [PMID: 25473508 PMCID: PMC4237480 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A multiplex RT-qPCR was developed to examine CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4 induction properties of compounds from food and herbal sources. The induction of drug metabolizing enzymes is an important pharmacokinetic interaction with unique features in comparison with inhibition of metabolizing enzymes. Cytochrome induction can lead to serious drug-drug or drug-food interactions, especially if the coadministered drug plasma level is critical as it can reduce therapeutic effects and cause complications. Using this optimized multiplex RT-qPCR, cytochrome induction properties of andrographolide, curcumin, lycopene, bergamottin, and resveratrol were determined. Andrographolide, curcumin, and lycopene produced no significant induction effects on CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4. However, bergamottin appeared to be a significant in vitro CYP1A2 inducer starting from 5 to 50 μmol/L with induction ranging from 60 to 100-fold changes. On the other hand, resveratrol is a weak in vitro CYP1A2 inducer. Examining the cytochrome induction properties of food and herbal compounds help complement CYP inhibition studies and provide labeling and safety caution for such products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Fen Koe
- Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals & Nutraceuticals, Ministry of Science, Technology & Innovation (MOSTI) Halaman Bukit Gambir, 11700, Georgetown, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | | | - Alexander Shu-Chien Chong
- Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals & Nutraceuticals, Ministry of Science, Technology & Innovation (MOSTI) Halaman Bukit Gambir, 11700, Georgetown, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia ; The Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia Georgetown, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Habibah Abdul Wahab
- Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals & Nutraceuticals, Ministry of Science, Technology & Innovation (MOSTI) Halaman Bukit Gambir, 11700, Georgetown, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia ; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Georgetown, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mei Lan Tan
- Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals & Nutraceuticals, Ministry of Science, Technology & Innovation (MOSTI) Halaman Bukit Gambir, 11700, Georgetown, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia ; Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia Georgetown, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Ma HY, Sun DX, Cao YF, Ai CZ, Qu YQ, Hu CM, Jiang C, Dong PP, Sun XY, Hong M, Tanaka N, Gonzalez FJ, Ma XC, Fang ZZ. Herb-drug interaction prediction based on the high specific inhibition of andrographolide derivatives towards UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B7. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 277:86-94. [PMID: 24631340 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Herb-drug interaction strongly limits the clinical application of herbs and drugs, and the inhibition of herbal components towards important drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) has been regarded as one of the most important reasons. The present study aims to investigate the inhibition potential of andrographolide derivatives towards one of the most important phase II DMEs UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs). Recombinant UGT isoforms (except UGT1A4)-catalyzed 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) glucuronidation reaction and UGT1A4-catalyzed trifluoperazine (TFP) glucuronidation were employed to firstly screen the andrographolide derivatives' inhibition potential. High specific inhibition of andrographolide derivatives towards UGT2B7 was observed. The inhibition type and parameters (Ki) were determined for the compounds exhibiting strong inhibition capability towards UGT2B7, and human liver microsome (HLMs)-catalyzed zidovudine (AZT) glucuronidation probe reaction was used to furtherly confirm the inhibition behavior. In combination of inhibition parameters (Ki) and in vivo concentration of andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide, the potential in vivo inhibition magnitude was predicted. Additionally, both the in vitro inhibition data and computational modeling results provide important information for the modification of andrographolide derivatives as selective inhibitors of UGT2B7. Taken together, data obtained from the present study indicated the potential herb-drug interaction between Andrographis paniculata and the drugs mainly undergoing UGT2B7-catalyzed metabolic elimination, and the andrographolide derivatives as potential candidates for the selective inhibitors of UGT2B7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ying Ma
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Dong-Xue Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yun-Feng Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Chun-Zhi Ai
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yan-Qing Qu
- Thyroid Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Cui-Min Hu
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Pei-Pei Dong
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Sun
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Mo Hong
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Naoki Tanaka
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xiao-Chi Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China; Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; College of Pharmacy, Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport Key Laboratory, Dalian, Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Zhong-Ze Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China; Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Analysis of the anticancer phytochemicals in Andrographis paniculata Nees. under salinity stress. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:319047. [PMID: 24371819 PMCID: PMC3858962 DOI: 10.1155/2013/319047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Salinity causes the adverse effects in all physiological processes of plants. The present study aimed to investigate the potential of salt stress to enhance the accumulation of the anticancer phytochemicals in Andrographis paniculata accessions. For this purpose, 70-day-old plants were grown in different salinity levels (0.18, 4, 8, 12, and 16 dSm−1) on sand medium. After inducing a period of 30-day salinity stress and before flowering, all plants were harvested and the data on morphological traits, proline content and the three anticancer phytochemicals, including andrographolide (AG), neoandrographolide (NAG), and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (DDAG), were measured. The results indicated that salinity had a significant effect on the aforementioned three anticancer phytochemicals. In addition, the salt tolerance index (STI) was significantly decreased, while, except for DDAG, the content of proline, the AG, and NAG was significantly increased (P ≤ 0.01). Furthermore, it was revealed that significant differences among accessions could happen based on the total dry weight, STI, AG, and NAG. Finally, we noticed that the salinity at 12 dSm−1 led to the maximum increase in the quantities of AG, NAG, and DDAG. In other words, under salinity stress, the tolerant accessions were capable of accumulating the higher amounts of proline, AG, and NAG than the sensitive accessions.
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Tom ENL, Girard-Thernier C, Martin H, Dimo T, Alvergnas M, Nappey M, Berthelot A, Demougeot C. Treatment with an extract of Terminalia superba Engler & Diels decreases blood pressure and improves endothelial function in spontaneously hypertensive rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 151:372-379. [PMID: 24212074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The stem bark of Terminalia superba (TS) is widely used as a decoction by Cameroonian folk medicine for the treatment of hypertension. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a chronic treatment with a TS extract on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with respect to efficacy, biochemical mechanisms and safety. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven-week-old SHR and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) were daily treated by gavage with a methylene chloride extract of stem bark of Terminalia superba (TMSE, 150mg/kg) or with the vehicle for 5 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured weekly using the tail-cuff method. At the end of the treatment period, vascular function was assessed on isolated thoracic rings, urinary 8-iso-PGF2α levels were measured and cytochrome P-450 3A (CYP 3A) activity was evaluated in liver microsomes. RESULTS TMSE reduced SBP (P<0.001) in SHR but not in WKY rats. In SHR, the vasorelaxant response to acetylcholine was significantly improved by TMSE as a result of increased nitric oxide synthase (NO) activity and decreased superoxide anion production. In addition, TMSE reduced the vasoconstrictive effect of phenylephrine and improved the sensitivity of smooth muscle cells to NO. TMSE dramatically decreased 8-iso-PGF2α levels in SHR. By contrast, TMSE did not affect all these parameters in WKY rats. Neither diuresis nor the hepatic CYP 3A activity was modified in both animal groups. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that Terminalia superba has a potent antihypertensive activity in SHR which is partly due to endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent effects as well as decreased oxidative stress. The data also provide evidence for the lack of herb-drug interaction through hepatic CYP 3A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Ngo Lemba Tom
- EA 4267 Fonctions et Dysfonctions Epithéliales, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25030 Besançon, France; Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Ecole Normale Supérieure, B.P. 3805 Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - Corine Girard-Thernier
- EA 4267 Fonctions et Dysfonctions Epithéliales, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Hélène Martin
- EA 4267 Fonctions et Dysfonctions Epithéliales, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Théophile Dimo
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale, Département de Biologie et Physiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences, B.P. 812 Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - Magalie Alvergnas
- EA 4267 Fonctions et Dysfonctions Epithéliales, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Maude Nappey
- EA 4267 Fonctions et Dysfonctions Epithéliales, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Alain Berthelot
- EA 4267 Fonctions et Dysfonctions Epithéliales, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Céline Demougeot
- EA 4267 Fonctions et Dysfonctions Epithéliales, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25030 Besançon, France.
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An effective protein extraction method for two-dimensional electrophoresis in the anticancer herbAndrographis paniculata Nees. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2013; 60:521-6. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Andrographis paniculata Extract and Andrographolide Modulate the Hepatic Drug Metabolism System and Plasma Tolbutamide Concentrations in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:982689. [PMID: 23997806 PMCID: PMC3753754 DOI: 10.1155/2013/982689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Andrographolide is the most abundant terpenoid of A. paniculata which is used in the treatment of diabetes. In this study, we investigated the effects of A. paniculata extract (APE) and andrographolide on the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes in rat liver and determined whether modulation of these enzymes changed the pharmacokinetics of tolbutamide. Rats were intragastrically dosed with 2 g/kg/day APE or 50 mg/kg/day andrographolide for 5 days before a dose of 20 mg/kg tolbutamide was given. APE and andrographolide reduced the AUC0–12 h of tolbutamide by 37% and 18%, respectively, compared with that in controls. The protein and mRNA levels and enzyme activities of CYP2C6/11, CYP1A1/2, and CYP3A1/2 were increased by APE and andrographolide. To evaluate whether APE or andrographolide affected the hypoglycemic action of tolbutamide, high-fat diet-induced obese mice were used and treated in the same manner as the rats. APE and andrographolide increased CYP2C6/11 expression and decreased plasma tolbutamide levels. In a glucose tolerance test, however, the hypoglycemic effect of tolbutamide was not changed by APE or andrographolide. These results suggest that APE and andrographolide accelerate the metabolism rate of tolbutamide through increased expression and activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes. APE and andrographolide, however, do not impair the hypoglycemic effect of tolbutamide.
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Yao HT, Chang YW, Uramaru N, Watanabe Y, Kitamura S, Kuo YH, Lii CK, Yeh TK. Effects of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes and plasma tolbutamide concentration in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 142:121-128. [PMID: 22564357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang (BT) is the dry powder derived from the aqueous extract of a mixture of 10 medicinal herbs. It is a traditional Chinese medicine being used for the treatment of various immune-related diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effect of BT on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes and its effect on plasma concentrations of tolbutamide, a substrate of CYP2C, in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS EXP 1: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Rats were fed a control diet and a control diet containing 1, 2.5 and 5% (w/w) of BT, respectively, for eight weeks. The activities of the major CYP and Phase II conjugating enzymes in rat liver microsomes as well as the antioxidant system in rat liver were assessed. Exp 2: Male Wistar rats were fed a control diet or a control diet containing 2.5% of BT, respectively, for eight weeks. A single 20-mg/kg oral dose of tolbutamide was then administered to each rat. Plasma samples were collected from each rat at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8h after dosing. The concentrations of tolbutamide and glucose level in plasma were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (HPLC/MS) and enzymatic method, respectively. RESULTS Significant decrease in microsomal CYP2C-catalyzed diclofenac 4-hydroxylation in the liver of rats fed the BT diet was observed. Increased UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were also observed in the liver of rats fed the diet containing 2.5 and 5% of BT. Immunoblot analyses also showed decreases of CYP2C11 proteins in the liver of BT fed rats. In addition, rats fed the 2.5% BT diet for eight weeks had no effects on the disposition of tolbutamide and reduction of glucose level in plasma after orally administered of tolbutamide. CONCLUSIONS Rats fed the BT diet for eight weeks may decrease CYP2C enzyme activity and protein expression and increase Phase II conjugating enzyme activities in liver. However, BT may not affect the disposition and efficacy of tolbutamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Tsung Yao
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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Chao WW, Lin BF. Hepatoprotective Diterpenoids Isolated from <i>Andrographis paniculata</i>. Chin Med 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/cm.2012.33022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Nain-e Havandi Andrographis paniculata present yesterday, absent today: a plenary review on underutilized herb of Iran's pharmaceutical plants. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:5409-24. [PMID: 22198549 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1341-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Nain-e Havandi (Andrographis paniculata Nees.) (AP) is an annual herbaceous plant belonging to the family Acanthacea. Only a few species of Andrographis genus out of 28 are medicinally concerned of which AP is the most important. Knowledge about the arrival of AP to Iran is extremely lacking but most probably it has been imported from India. However, evidence implies the familiarity of Iran's folkloric medicine with this plant, but it has been disappeared from contemporary medicine for unknown reasons. Presence of active ingredients from diterpenoids group such as andrographolide, neoandrographolide and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide has given incredible unique medicinal properties to the plant. Traditionally, Nain-e Havandi has been used in the role of a non-farm plant as a remedy for skin problems, flu, respiratory disease, and snakebite in East and Southeast Asia for centuries. Recently, it has been utilized as a treatment for HIV, hepatitis, diabetes, cancer and kidney disorders. Intensive cultivation of the herb started only in the past decade in countries such as China, India, Thailand, Indonesia, West Indies, Mauritius and to some extent, in Malaysia. Availability of different ecological zones in Iran complies with reestablishment of AP in tropical and temperate regions of the country. This is killing two birds with one stone, supporting the conservational and economic aspects.
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Jiang B, Cai F, Gao S, Meng L, Liang F, Dai X, Xu W, Chen W. Induction of cytochrome P450 3A by Shexiang Baoxin Pill and its main components. Chem Biol Interact 2011; 195:105-13. [PMID: 22178124 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The expression of cytochrome P450 is regulated by both endogenous factors and xenobiotics including chemical drugs and natural medicines. Induction on cytochrome P450 can reduce the therapeutic efficacy from drugs inactivated by this enzyme system, but may increase the efficacy or lead to intoxication for prodrugs. Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP) is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used for the treatment of angina pectoris and myocardial infarction in China and other oriental countries. To assess the potential of SBP to alter the activity and expression of cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) extensively involved in drug metabolism, we investigated the enzyme-inducing effects of SBP in HepG2 cells and in rats. The results showed that treatment with SBP increased the enzyme activity, mRNA levels and protein expression of CYP3A4 in a concentration-dependent manner in HepG2 cells. Moreover, treatment with SBP enhanced the activities and mRNA expressions of CYP3A1 and CYP3A2 ex vivo in rats. Furthermore, we utilized HepG2 cell line to identify individual components in SBP as potential inducers of CYP3A4. It was found that bufalin, cinobufagin, and resibufogenin were novel CYP3A4 inducers. Among them, bufalin and cinobufagin significantly promoted the CYP3A4 enzyme activity, mRNA and protein levels, with the maximal induction challenging or exceeding that of the induction by rifampicin, indicating that they might play a critical role in CYP3A4 enzyme-inducing effects of SBP. In addition, the metabolic studies with specific inhibitors of CYP isoforms suggested that the three CYP3A4 inducers in SBP are also the substrates for the enzyme. Overall, our results show that SBP contains constituents that can potently induce CYP3A and suggest that this traditional Chinese medicine should be examined clinically for potential drug metabolic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Protective effect of andrographolide against concanavalin A-induced liver injury. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2011; 385:69-79. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-011-0685-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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40
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of andrographolide derivatives as potent anti-HIV agents. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2011.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yao HT, Lin JH, Chiang MT, Chiang W, Luo MN, Lii CK. Suppressive effect of the ethanolic extract of adlay bran on cytochrome P-450 enzymes in rat liver and lungs. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:4306-4314. [PMID: 21395288 DOI: 10.1021/jf200117m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Adlay ( Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf) is a grass crop and is reported to protect against various diseases such as cancer. To investigate the effect of the ethanolic extract of adlay bran (ABE) on drug-metabolizing enzymes and glutathione-related antioxidant enzymes in rats, three groups of eight male Sprague-Dawley rats each were fed a control diet or a diet containing 5 or 10% ABE for 4 weeks. Significant decreases in microsomal cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 1A1-catalyzed ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation, CYP2C-catalyzed diclofenac 4-hydroxylation, CYP2D-catalyzed dextromethorphan O-demethylation, and CYP3A-catalyzed testosterone 6β-hydroxylation in the liver and CYP1A1-catalyzed ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation in the lungs of rats fed ABE were observed. Immunoblot analyses also showed decreases of CYP1A1, 1A2, 2C6, 2C11, 2D1, 2E1, 3A1, and 3A2 in the liver and CYP1A1 in the lungs. Furthermore, rats fed the 10% ABE diet had a higher glutathione content and glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase activities in the lungs, but such an increase was not noted in the liver. Inhibition of various CYP-catalyzed enzyme reactions by ABE in rat and human liver microsomes had also been shown. The results of this study indicate that ABE feeding may suppress CYP enzyme activities and CYP protein expression in the liver and lungs of rats. Moreover, the increase of the antioxidant potential by ABE is tissue-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Tsung Yao
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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In vitro determination of the effect of Andrographis paniculata extracts and andrographolide on human hepatic cytochrome P450 activities. J Nat Med 2011; 65:440-7. [PMID: 21365364 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-011-0516-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of Andrographis paniculata (AP) extracts and andrographolide on the catalytic activity of three human cDNA-expressed cytochrome P450 enzymes: CYP2C9, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4. In vitro probe-based high performance liquid chromatography assays were developed to determine CYP2C9-dependent tolbutamide methylhydroxylation, CYP2D6-dependent dextromethorphan O-demethylation and CYP3A4-dependent testosterone 6β-hydroxylation activities in the presence and absence of AP extracts and andrographolide. Our results indicate that AP ethanol and methanol extracts inhibited CYP activities more potently than aqueous and hexane extracts across the three isoforms. Potent inhibitory effects were observed on CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 activities (K (i) values below 20 μg/ml). Andrographolide was found to exclusively but weakly inhibit CYP3A4 activity. In conclusion, data presented in this study suggest that AP extracts have the potential to inhibit CYP isoforms in vitro. There was, however, variation in the potency of inhibition depending on the extracts and the isoforms investigated.
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Ooi JP, Kuroyanagi M, Sulaiman SF, Muhammad TST, Tan ML. Andrographolide and 14-Deoxy-11, 12-Didehydroandrographolide inhibit cytochrome P450s in HepG2 hepatoma cells. Life Sci 2011; 88:447-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2010.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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In vitro modulatory effects of Andrographis paniculata, Centella asiatica and Orthosiphon stamineus on cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:881-7. [PMID: 21093571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2010] [Revised: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ETHNO PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Andrographis paniculata (AP), Centella asiatica (CA) and Orthosiphon stamineus (OS) are three popular herbs traditionally used worldwide. AP is known for the treatment of infections and diabetes and CA is good for wound healing and healthy skin while OS is usually consumed as tea to treat kidney and urinary disorders. Interaction of these herbs with human cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19), a major hepatic CYP isoform involved in metabolism of many clinical drugs has not been investigated to date. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, the modulatory effects of various extracts and major active constituents of AP, CA and OS on CYP2C19 activities were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS S-mephenytoin, the CYP2C19 substrate probe, was incubated in the presence or absence of AP, CA and OS components. The changes in the rate of metabolite (hydroxymephenytoin) formation were subsequently determined by a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based enzyme assay to characterize the modulatory effects. RESULTS Among the herbal extracts studied, AP ethanol extract and CA dichloromethane extract exhibited mixed type inhibition towards CYP2C19 with K(i) values of 67.1 and 16.4 μg/ml respectively; CA ethanol extract and OS petroleum ether extract competitively inhibited CYP2C19 activity (K(i)=39.6 and 41.5 μg/ml respectively). Eupatorin (a major active constituent of OS) was found to significantly inhibit CYP2C19 by mixed type inhibition (K(i)=7.1 μg/ml or 20.6 μM). CONCLUSIONS It was observed that AP, CA and OS inhibited CYP2C19 activity with varying potency. While weak inhibitory effect was observed with AP, moderate to strong inhibition was observed with CA dichloromethane extract and eupatorin, the major OS constituent. Therefore care should be taken when these CA and OS components are co-administered with CYP2C19 substrates (such as omeprazole, proguanil, barbiturates, citalopram, and diazepam).
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Chao WW, Lin BF. Isolation and identification of bioactive compounds in Andrographis paniculata (Chuanxinlian). Chin Med 2010; 5:17. [PMID: 20465823 PMCID: PMC2881933 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-5-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees (Acanthaceae) is a medicinal plant used in many countries. Its major constituents are diterpenoids, flavonoids and polyphenols. Among the single compounds extracted from A. paniculata, andrographolide is the major one in terms of bioactive properties and abundance. Among the andrographolide analogues, 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide is immunostimulatory, anti-infective and anti-atherosclerotic; neoandrographolide is anti-inflammatory, anti-infective and anti-hepatotoxic; 14-deoxyandrographolide is immunomodulatory and anti-atherosclerotic. Among the less abundant compounds from A. paniculata, andrograpanin is both anti-inflammatory and anti-infective; 14-deoxy-14,15-dehydroandrographolide is anti-inflammatory; isoandrographolide, 3,19-isopropylideneandrographolide and 14-acetylandrographolide are tumor suppressive; arabinogalactan proteins are anti-hepatotoxic. The four flavonoids from A. paniculata, namely 7-O-methylwogonin, apigenin, onysilin and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid are anti-atherosclerotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wan Chao
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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Chien CF, Wu YT, Lee WC, Lin LC, Tsai TH. Herb–drug interaction of Andrographis paniculata extract and andrographolide on the pharmacokinetics of theophylline in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 184:458-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2009] [Revised: 01/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Jarukamjorn K, Kondo S, Chatuphonprasert W, Sakuma T, Kawasaki Y, Nemoto N. Gender-associated modulation of inducible CYP1A1 expression by andrographolide in mouse liver. Eur J Pharm Sci 2010; 39:394-401. [PMID: 20117208 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2010.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2009] [Revised: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We previously observed a strong synergistic effect on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-induced CYP1A1 expression by andrographolide, a major constituent of an herbal medicine derived from the plant Andrographis paniculata, in mouse hepatocytes in primary culture. The present paper describes confirmation of an enhancing effect of andrographolide on the CYP1 family in vivo in the PAH-responsive C57BL/6 mouse. Andrographolide did not alter CYP1 expression in the PAH-nonresponsive DBA/2 mouse. The enhanced expression induced by andrographolide was observed in male C57BL/6 mice, but not in intact or ovariectomized females, or in orchiectomized male mice. However, treatment with testosterone restored the effect in both orchiectomized males and ovariectomized females. These observations indicate a male hormone-related system to be a crucial mediator of the modulation of CYP1 expression by andrographolide. Precautions should be taken regarding the use of A. paniculata as an alternative medication or health promotion, according to its distinctive characterization on sexually dimorphic modulation of CYP1A1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Jarukamjorn
- Academic Office for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Mitrapaab Road, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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Chatuphonprasert W, Jarukamjorn K, Kondo S, Nemoto N. Synergistic increases of metabolism and oxidation-reduction genes on their expression after combined treatment with a CYP1A inducer and andrographolide. Chem Biol Interact 2009; 182:233-8. [PMID: 19737545 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2009.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2009] [Revised: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that andrographolide greatly enhanced the expression of CYP1A1. Since andrographolide is a major constituent of Andrographis paniculata, which has been employed for centuries in Asia and Europe as a folk remedy, we further analyzed genes whose expression was modified by andrographolide using primary-cultured mouse hepatocytes in a microarray assay. With the threshold for modification set at 2-fold, andrographolide up-regulated 18 genes among 28,853 genes, most of them related to metabolism/oxidation/reduction. Meanwhile, 5 genes, related to protein binding or calcium ion binding, were down-regulated. A combination of beta-naphthoflavone (beta-NF), a CYP1A inducer, and andrographolide modified the expression of 45 genes (27 up-regulated and 18 down-regulated), although beta-NF single treatment up-regulated 4 genes. The affected genes were again mostly related to metabolism and oxidation-reduction. Among P450 isoforms, andrographolide by itself induced CYP1A1, CYP2A4, CYP2B9, and CYP2B10 expression. Synergistic expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 mRNA was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. These observations suggest that drug interaction and risk assessment with the use of andrographolide or A. paniculata should be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waranya Chatuphonprasert
- Department of Toxicology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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