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Al-Ali MA, Younis NS, Aldhubiab B, Alatawi AS, Mohamed ME, Abd El Dayem MS. Anethole alleviates Doxorubicin-induced cardiac and renal toxicities: Insights from network pharmacology and animal studies. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 401:111155. [PMID: 39029857 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is widely used as a chemotherapy drug, while anethole (AN) is primarily known as the main aromatic component in various plant species. This research focused on the impact of AN on the cardiac and renal toxicity induced by Dox and to understand the underlying mechanisms. For cardiac toxicity, Wistar rats were categorized into four groups: a Control group; a Dox group, where rats received 2.5 mg/kg of Dox intraperitoneally every other day; and two Dox + AN groups, where animals were administered Dox (2.5 mg/kg/every other day, IP) along with 125 mg/kg or 250 mg/kg of AN, respectively. The renal toxicity study included similar groups, with the Dox group receiving a single dose of 20 mg/kg of Dox intraperitoneally on the tenth day, and the Dox + AN groups receiving 125 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg of AN for two weeks, alongside the same dose of Dox (20 mg/kg, IP, once on the 10th day). Parameters assessed included ECG, cardiac injury markers (CK, CK-MB, and LDH), and kidney function tests (Cr, BUN, uric acid, LDL, Kim-1, NGAL, and CysC). Antioxidant activity, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and apoptotic markers were also monitored in heart and renal tissues. Gene expression levels of the TLR4/MyD88/NFκB pathway, along with Bax and Bcl-2, were evaluated. Dox significantly altered ECG, elevated cardiac injury markers, and renal function markers. It also augmented gene expressions of TLR4/MyD88/NFκB, amplified oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic markers. Conversely, AN reduced cardiac injury markers and kidney function tests, improved ECG, diminished TLR4/MyD88/NFκB gene expression, and alleviated oxidative stress by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities and reducing inflammatory cytokines. AN also enhanced Bcl-2 levels and inhibited Bax and the cleavage of caspase-3 and 9. AN countered the lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis induced by Dox, marking it as a potential preventive strategy against Dox-induced nephrotoxic and cardiotoxic injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ali Al-Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nancy Safwat Younis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia; Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Bandar Aldhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulaziz Suwailem Alatawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia; King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Maged E Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
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Silva BTDA, Martins-Perles JVC, Bossolani GDP, Lima MM, Sehaber-Sierakowski CC, Gremaschi LB, Cunha JPSE, Bersani-Amado CA, Zanoni JN. Quercetin and ibuprofen combination displayed anti-inflammatory effects and also extenuates the enteric neurons damage of arthritic rats. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 96:e20230244. [PMID: 39140520 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of quercetin on the cellular components of the Enteric Nervous System in the ileum of rats with arthritis. Rats were distributed into five groups: control (C), arthritic (AIA), arthritic treated with ibuprofen (AI), arthritic treated with quercetin (AQ) and arthritic treated with both ibuprofen and quercetin (AIQ). The ileum was processed for immunohistochemical techniques for HuC/D, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Measurements in histological sections, chemiluminescence assays, and total antioxidant capacity were also performed. Rheumatoid arthritis resulted in a decrease in neuronal density, yet neuroplasticity mechanisms were evident through observed changes in varicosities size and neuronal area compared to the control group. Reduced paw edema and neuroprotective effects were predominantly noted in both plexuses, as evidenced by the increased density preservation of HuC/D-IR neurons in the AIQ group. The increase of lipoperoxidation levels and paw edema volume in the AQ group was observed compared to the arthritic, whereas the AIQ group mainly showed similar results to those observed in the control. The enteropathy associated with arthritis proved to be significant in the field of gastroenterology, and the combination of quercetin and ibuprofen demonstrated promising anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Thais DA Silva
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Biologia, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Gleison Daion P Bossolani
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Farmácia, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Mariana M Lima
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Farmácia, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Camila C Sehaber-Sierakowski
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Farmácia, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Lucas B Gremaschi
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Medicina, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Silveira E Cunha
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Ciências, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Ciomar A Bersani-Amado
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline N Zanoni
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Ciências, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
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Barbosa-Ferreira BDS, da Silva FER, Gomes-Vasconcelos YDA, Joca HC, Coelho-de-Souza AN, Ferreira-da-Silva FW, Leal-Cardoso JH, da Silva-Alves KS. Anethole Prevents the Alterations Produced by Diabetes Mellitus in the Sciatic Nerve of Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8133. [PMID: 39125701 PMCID: PMC11312180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Anethole is a terpenoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuronal blockade effects, and the present work was undertaken to study the neuroprotective activity of anethole against diabetes mellitus (DM)-induced neuropathy. Streptozotocin-induced DM rats were used to investigate the effects of anethole treatment on morphological, electrophysiological, and biochemical alterations of the sciatic nerve (SN). Anethole partially prevented the mechanical hyposensitivity caused by DM and fully prevented the DM-induced decrease in the cross-sectional area of the SN. In relation to electrophysiological properties of SN fibers, DM reduced the frequency of occurrence of the 3rd component of the compound action potential (CAP) by 15%. It also significantly reduced the conduction velocity of the 1st and 2nd CAP components from 104.6 ± 3.47 and 39.8 ± 1.02 to 89.9 ± 3.03 and 35.4 ± 1.56 m/s, respectively, and increased the duration of the 2nd CAP component from 0.66 ± 0.04 to 0.82 ± 0.09 ms. DM also increases oxidative stress in the SN, altering values related to thiol, TBARS, SOD, and CAT activities. Anethole was capable of fully preventing all these DM electrophysiological and biochemical alterations in the nerve. Thus, the magnitude of the DM-induced neural effects seen in this work, and the prevention afforded by anethole treatment, place this compound in a very favorable position as a potential therapeutic agent for treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca de Sousa Barbosa-Ferreira
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.714-903, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Yuri de Abreu Gomes-Vasconcelos
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.714-903, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Humberto Cavalcante Joca
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.714-903, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Andrelina Noronha Coelho-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.714-903, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Francisco Walber Ferreira-da-Silva
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.714-903, Ceará, Brazil
- Center of Exact Science and Technology, State University of Vale do Acaraú, Sobral 62.040-370, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José Henrique Leal-Cardoso
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.714-903, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Kerly Shamyra da Silva-Alves
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.714-903, Ceará, Brazil
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Nishi K, Nakatani Y, Ishida M, Kadota A, Sugahara T. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Combination of Nobiletin and Docosahexaenoic Acid in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells: A Potential Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory Effect. Nutrients 2024; 16:2080. [PMID: 38999828 PMCID: PMC11243305 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate a synergistic anti-inflammatory effect of a citrus flavonoid nobiletin and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), one of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, in combination. Simultaneous treatment with nobiletin and DHA synergistically inhibited nitric oxide production (combination index < 0.9) by mouse macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) without cytotoxicity. On the other hand, the inhibitory effect of nobiletin and DHA in combination on proinflammatory cytokine production was not synergistic. Neither nobiletin nor DHA affected the phagocytotic activity of RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. Immunoblot analysis revealed that the inhibition potency of DHA on the phosphorylation of ERK and p38 and nuclear translocation of NF-κB is markedly enhanced by simultaneously treating with nobiletin, which may lead to the synergistic anti-inflammatory effect. Overall, our findings show the potential of the synergistic anti-inflammatory effect of nobiletin and DHA in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Nishi
- Food and Health Function Research Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (K.N.); (M.I.)
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan;
| | - Yuki Nakatani
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan;
| | - Momoko Ishida
- Food and Health Function Research Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (K.N.); (M.I.)
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan;
| | | | - Takuya Sugahara
- Food and Health Function Research Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (K.N.); (M.I.)
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan;
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Yadollahi-Farsani Y, Vanani VR, Lorigooini Z, Farahzad A, Amini-Khoei H. Anethole via increase in the gene expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR mitigates the autistic-like behaviors induced by maternal separation stress in mice. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 16:1-7. [PMID: 38145174 PMCID: PMC10733685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodegenerative disease with increasing incidence in the world. The maternal separation (MS) stress at early life with its own neuroendocrine and neurostructural changes can provide the basis for development of ASD. Previously it has been reported neuroprotective characteristics for anethole. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway has pivotal role in the function of central nervous system (CNS). This study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of anethole on the autistic-like behaviors in the maternally separated (MS) mice focusing on the potential role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Forty male Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice were assigned to five groups (n = 8) comprising a control group (treated with normal saline) and four groups subjected to MS and treated with normal saline and or anethole at doses of 31.25, 62.5 and 125 mg/kg, respectively. All gents were administrated via intraperitoneal (i.p.) route for 14 constant days. Behavioral tests were conducted, including the three-chamber test, shuttle box and resident-intruder test. The gene expression of the PI3K, AKT and mTOR assessed in the hippocampus by qRT-PCR. Findings indicated that MS is associated with autistic-like behaviors. Anethole increased the sociability and social preference indexes in the three-chamber test, increased duration of secondary latency in the shuttle box test and decreased aggressive behaviors in the resident-intruder test. Also, anethole increased the gene expression of PI3K, AKT and mTOR in the hippocampus of MS mice. We concluded that anethole through increase in the gene expression of PI3K/ AKT/mTOR mitigated autistic-like behaviors induced by MS in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Yadollahi-Farsani
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Vahid Reisi Vanani
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Lorigooini
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Anahita Farahzad
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Pourova J, Dias P, Pour M, Bittner Fialová S, Czigle S, Nagy M, Tóth J, Balázs VL, Horváth A, Csikós E, Farkas Á, Horváth G, Mladěnka P. Proposed mechanisms of action of herbal drugs and their biologically active constituents in the treatment of coughs: an overview. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16096. [PMID: 37901462 PMCID: PMC10607228 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Various medicinal plants find their use in cough treatment, based on traditions and long-term experience. Pharmacological principles of their action, however, are much less known. Herbal drugs usually contain a mixture of potentially active compounds, which can manifest diverse effects. Expectorant or antitussive effects, which can be accompanied by others, such as anti-inflammatory or antibacterial, are probably the most important in the treatment of coughs. The aim of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge of the effects of medicinal plants or their constituents on cough, based on reliable pharmacological studies. First, a comprehensive description of each effect is provided in order to explain the possible mechanism of action in detail. Next, the results related to individual plants and substances are summarized and critically discussed based on pharmacological in vivo and in vitro investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Pourova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Patricia Dias
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Pour
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Bittner Fialová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Szilvia Czigle
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Milan Nagy
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jaroslav Tóth
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Adrienn Horváth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Eszter Csikós
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Farkas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Györgyi Horváth
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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da Rocha EMT, Bracht L, Gonçalves OH, Leimann FV, Ames FQ, Schneider LCL, Duda JV, Cardia GFE, Bonetti CI, Cuman RKN, Bersani-Amado CA. Development and characterization of trans-anethole-containing solid lipid microparticles: antiinflammatory and gastroprotective effects in experimental inflammation. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:469-484. [PMID: 36385686 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02323-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study prepared, optimized, and characterized solid lipid microparticles that contained trans-anethole (SLMAN), evaluated their antiinflammatory activity in acute and chronic inflammation models, and investigated their effects on the gastric mucosa in arthritic rats. The microparticles were obtained by a hot homogenization process and characterized by physicochemical analyses. The acute inflammatory response was induced by an intradermal injection of 0.1 ml of carrageenan solution (200 μg) in the hind paw. The rats were treated orally with a single dose of SLMAN 1 h before induction of the inflammatory response. The chronic inflammatory response was induced by the subcutaneous application of 0.1 ml of complete Freund's adjuvant suspension (500 µg) in the hind paw. SLMAN was orally administered, starting on the day of arthritis induction, and continued for 21 days. The results showed that SLMAN was obtained with good encapsulation efficiency. Treatment with SLMAN at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg was as effective as trans-anethole (AN) at a dose of 250 mg/kg on acute and chronic inflammatory responses. Histological analyses showed that treatment with SLMAN did not aggravate lesions in the gastric mucosa in arthritic rats. These results indicated that treatment with SLMAN at a dose that was 5-10 times lower than non-encapsulated AN exerted an inhibitory effect on acute and chronic inflammatory responses, suggesting the better bioavailability and efficacy of microencapsulated AN without aggravating lesions in the gastric mucosa in arthritic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edvalkia Magna Teobaldo da Rocha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bloco K68, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, 87020-900, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Lívia Bracht
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Odinei Hess Gonçalves
- Post-Graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR), BR 369, Km 0.5, POBox 271, Campo Mourão, PR, 87301-006, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Vitória Leimann
- Post-Graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR), BR 369, Km 0.5, POBox 271, Campo Mourão, PR, 87301-006, Brazil
| | - Franciele Queiroz Ames
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bloco K68, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, 87020-900, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Larissa Carla Lauer Schneider
- Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - João Victor Duda
- Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Fernando Esteves Cardia
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bloco K68, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, 87020-900, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Carla Indianara Bonetti
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Roberto Kenji Nakamura Cuman
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bloco K68, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, 87020-900, Maringá, Brazil.
| | - Ciomar Aparecida Bersani-Amado
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bloco K68, State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenue Colombo, 5790, Jd. Universitário, 87020-900, Maringá, Brazil
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Anethole's effects against myocardial infarction: The role of TLR4/NFκB and Nrf2/HO1 pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 360:109947. [PMID: 35430261 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exploring new drugs for the management of myocardial infarction (MI) is crucial, as MI is a major contributor to mortality worldwide. Anethole, a naturally occurring essential oil component, has numerous medicinal, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic purposes. This study explored the potential action of anethole to protect myocytes against MI injure. METHODS Wistar rats were divided into five groups: normal; anethole; and isoproterenol (ISO) groups in addition to two groups of ISO + anethole (125 and 250 mg/kg). All anethole groups were administered the oil component for 30 days, and all ISO groups were challenged with ISO on the 28th and 29th days. Parameters measured included infracted area, ECG, cardiac markers, the expression of Keap 1, nuclear Nrf2, and heme oxygenase-1, as well as the expression of TLR4 and MYD88 together with subsequent downstream oxidative stress, inflammatory, and apoptotic markers. RESULTS Anethole reduced infarct region, degenerated cardiac indicators levels, amended ECG alterations, and diminished myocardial necrosis. Anethole reduced Keap-1, activated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, increased mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme activities, declined the TLR4/MYD88 pathway, and ameliorated myocardial inflammation and cell death markers. CONCLUSION Anethole may retain a cardio-protective potential by controlling myocardial oxidative stress (through Nrf2 pathway) and diminishing inflammation and apoptosis via the TLR4/MYD88 pathway.
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Yu C, Wang D, Li Q, Tong Y, Yang Z, Wang T. Trans-anethole ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation via suppression of TLR4/NF-κB pathway in IEC-6 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108872. [PMID: 35617845 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to investigate the protective role of trans-anethole (TA) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rat intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) injury and the potential mechanisms. The cells were pretreated with TA (0 and 1 mM) for 24 h, prior to stimulation by LPS (1 mg/mL) for 24 h. Compared with the control group (CON), LPS stimulus resulted in decreased cell viability, intestinal barrier injury, increased cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. These effects triggered by LPS were reversed by TA. In order to reveal the main genes and pathways involved among the groups, transcriptome analysis was performed to identify the differential expression genes (DEGs) among the treatment groups. There were a total of 493 DEGs (275 upregulated and 218 downregulated) that were identified between the LPS and CON group. Meanwhile, a total of 361 DEGs (103 regulated and 258 downregulated) were identified in the LPS+TA group compared with the LPS group. The results showed that the DEGs were mostly enriched in immune related pathways, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, complement and coagulation cascades, interleukin-17 (IL-17) signaling pathway, NF-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, antigen processing and presentation, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Based on the results of RNA-sequencing, further investigation of the signaling pathway involved revealed that TA could inhibit the activation of toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB signaling pathway and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in LPS-induced IEC-6 cells. In conclusion, this finding demonstrated a functional role of TA in intestinal epithelial cells injury and indicated that TA may be a potential strategy for treatment of inflammatory intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Yu
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Street, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Experimental Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiming Li
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Street, Nanjing, China
| | - Yichun Tong
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Street, Nanjing, China
| | - Zaibin Yang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No.61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Street, Nanjing, China.
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Tong Y, Yu C, Xie Z, Ziang X, Yang Z, Wang T. Trans-anethole ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute liver inflammation in broilers via inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101962. [PMID: 35690001 PMCID: PMC9192971 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Anethole Ameliorates Acetic Acid-Induced Colitis in Mice: Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9057451. [PMID: 35432569 PMCID: PMC9007635 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9057451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Anethole has possessed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant responses in numerous studies. Oxidative stress has a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of colitis. The current study is designed to determine the effect of anethole on acetic acid-induced colitis in mice in view of its possible anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this study, 48 mice were grouped into 6 groups (n = 8), and colitis was induced with 0.2 ml of 7% acetic acid. Mice received intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 7 constant days normal saline and/or anethole at doses of 31.25, 62.5, 125, and 250 mg/kg, respectively. After treatments, the colon was dissected out, and histopathological changes, expression of inflammatory genes (IL-1β, TNF-α, and TLR4), and evaluation of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were assessed. The results showed that colitis is associated with edema and inflammatory responses in all layers and severe damage to the epithelium of the colon. Colitis causes a decrease in TAC, an increase in MDA levels, and an increase in inflammatory genes in the colon. Findings determined that anethole ameliorated the adverse effects of acetic acid-induced colitis in the colon. It is concluded that anethole, partially at least, possessed protective effects in acetic acid-induced colitis in mice through attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammatory response.
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The Protective Effect of Anethole against Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion: The Role of the TLR2,4/MYD88/NFκB Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030535. [PMID: 35326185 PMCID: PMC8944622 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Anethole is the principle essential oil component of anise and fennel. Renal ischemia/reperfusion (RIR) is one of the utmost imperative reasons for acute kidney injury and often associated with high mortality rate. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of anethole on RIR status, exploring the involved mechanisms. Methods: RIR was accomplished by bilateral renal pedicle clamping for 45 min, after which the clamps were removed to achieve the reperfusion phase. Rats were randomized into five groups; Sham, Sham + anethole, RIR, and finally RIR + anethole (125 mg/kg or 250 mg/kg) groups. Animals were given anethole (in specified groups in doses) for 14 days before RIR. Results: RIR-experienced animals developed renal injury evidenced by diminished renal function and histopathological alteration. RIR induced severe oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic status within renal tissue. Pre-RIR management with anethole enhanced renal morphology and improved renal function. Anethole amplified GSH content and SOD, CAT, and GPx activities and lowered MDA. Anethole reduced gene and protein expression levels of HMGB1, TLR2, TLR4, MYD88, and NFκB. Anethole distinctly dropped TNF-α, IFN-γ, and MCP-1 levels, increased IL-10, and diminished caspase 3 and 9, reflecting its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic actions. Conclusion: Anethole displayed anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-apoptotic actions against RIR-induced injury. Anethole exhibited renal protective actions, which could be through inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR2, 4/MYD88/NFκB pathway. These results could suggest anethole as a protective agent against RIR.
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Qu H, Zhang Y, He R, Lin N, Wang C. Anethole inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by downregulating ERK/AKT signaling and prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:108113. [PMID: 34530203 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a chronic population health hazard systemic metabolic disease caused by excessive bone resorption and reduced bone formation. The activity between osteoblast and osteoclast, with their mutual effects, influence the procedure of normal bone remodeling. Over-activated osteoclast differentiation and function play a crucial role in excessive bone resorption. Hence, therapy strategies targeting osteoclast activity may promote the bone mass preservation and delay the osteoporosis process. Natural compound (anethole) is emerging as potential therapeutics for various metabolic diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential effects of anethole on RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and function in vitro and in vivo. Here, in vitro TRAP staining assay was performed to investigate the inhibitory effect of anethole on osteoclast differentiation. Bone pits resorption assay revealed that osteoclast-mediated bone resorption was inhibited by anethole. At mRNA and protein levels, anethole significantly reduced the expression of osteoclast-specific genes expression in a concentration- or time-dependent manner, including NFATc1, MMP-9, DC-STAMP, c-F, TRAP, CTR, Cathepsin K, and V-ATPase d2. Furthermore, intracellular signaling transduction assay indicated that anethole inhibited osteoclast formation via blocking ERK and AKT signaling. GSK3β, the downstream signal of AKT, is simultaneously suppressed with anethole treatment. Based on ovariectomized (OVX) mice model, micro-CT and histological staining results suggested that anethole prevented estrogen deficiency-induced bone mass loss and increased osteoclast activity in vivo. In conclusion, our results show significant indications that anethole exhibits an osteoprotective effect and may be potential for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Qu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Yuankang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, XinJian District People's Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Rongxin He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Nong Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
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Network pharmacology-based evaluation of natural compounds with paclitaxel for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 423:115576. [PMID: 34000264 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer is a prevalent life-threatening disease. Paclitaxel (PTX) is widely used in metastatic breast cancer therapy, but the side effects limit its chemotherapeutic application. Multidrug strategies have recently been used to maximize potency and decrease the toxicity of a particular drug by reducing its dosage. Therefore, we have evaluated the combined anti-cancerous effect of PTX with tested natural compounds (andrographolide (AND), silibinin (SIL), mimosine (MIM) and trans-anethole (TA)) using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, trypan blue dye exclusion assay, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) staining, network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) and in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) angiogenesis assay. We observed a reduction in the IC50 value of PTX with tested natural compounds. Further, the network pharmacology-based analysis of compound-disease-target (C-D-T) network showed that PTX, AND, SIL, MIM and TA targeted 55, 61, 56, 31 and 18 proteins of metastatic breast cancer, respectively. Molecular docking results indicated that AND and SIL inhibited the C-D-T network's core target kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) protein more effectively than others. While MD showed that the binding of AND with KDR was stronger and more stable than others. In trypan blue dye exclusion assay and PCNA staining, AND and SIL along with PTX were found to be more effective than PTX alone. CAM assay results suggested that AND, SIL and TA increase the anti-angiogenic potential of PTX. Thus, natural compounds can be used to improve the anti-cancer potential of PTX.
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15
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Anti-inflammatory Effect of Low-Dose Anethole and Ibuprofen Combination Is Accompanied by Partial Prevention of Hepatic Metabolic Changes in Arthritic Rats. Inflammation 2020; 43:1680-1691. [PMID: 32424605 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01241-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Anethole (AN) is a natural compound that has attracted great scientific interest because of its numerous biological activities, including anti-inflammatory effects. However, these effects were obtained with high doses of AN, which may be one limitation of its therapeutic use. This study evaluated the effects of a low-dose AN and ibuprofen (IB) combination on inflammatory parameters in Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) and arthritis-induced hepatic metabolic changes. Holtzman rats were used and divided into groups: normal, AIA (control), arthritics treated with IB, arthritics treated with AN, and arthritics treated with AN + IB. The volume of the paws, the appearance of secondary lesions, and the number of synovial leukocytes were evaluated. Gluconeogenesis and ureagenesis from alanine were determined in the rat liver in isolated perfusion. The AN + IB (62.5 + 8.75 mg/kg) treatment exerted an inhibitory effect on inflammatory parameters and partially prevented hepatic metabolic changes that was similar to the effect of high-dose IB (35 mg/kg) and AN (250 mg/kg) treatment. This effect of the treatments on hepatic metabolism can be, partly at least, explained by the preservation of both the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and the cytosolic NADH/NAD+ redox potential in the liver. Taken together, the data obtained provided evidence that the AN + IB combination at lower doses than AN and IB treatment alone had beneficial inhibitory potential for the treatment of AIA and attenuated metabolic changes in the liver. Graphical Abstract.
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Serra DS, Araujo RS, Oliveira MLM, Cavalcante FSA, Leal-Cardoso JH. Lung injury caused by occupational exposure to particles from the industrial combustion of cashew nut shells: a mice model. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2020; 76:1-11. [PMID: 32048551 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1726269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cashew nut shells (CNS) is already used in the energy matrix of some industries. However, it is necessary to know the harmful health effects generated by exposure to pollutants of its combustion, especially in the workers exposed to industrial pollutants. In addition, it is known that the incidence of asthma grows among workers in industries, and due to its previously reported biological effects of anethole, these will also be objects of the present study. We used 64 Balb/C mice, randomly divided into eight groups. Groups were sensitized and challenged with saline or ovalbumin, then subjected to intranasal instillation of 30 µg PM4.0 (occupational exposure) from the combustion of CNS or saline, and then were subsequently treated with oral anethole 300 mg/kg or 0.1% Tween 80. Our results serve as a starting point for the development of public policies for the prevention of diseases in workers that are exposed to the pollutants coming from industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Serra
- Science and Technology Center, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - R S Araujo
- Department of Chemistry and Environment, Federal Institute of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
| | - M L M Oliveira
- Science and Technology Center, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - F S A Cavalcante
- Science and Technology Center, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - J H Leal-Cardoso
- Ceará, Institute of Biomedical Sciences State University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
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Piovezana Bossolani GD, Silva BT, Colombo Martins Perles JV, Lima MM, Vieira Frez FC, Garcia de Souza SR, Sehaber-Sierakowski CC, Bersani-Amado CA, Zanoni JN. Rheumatoid arthritis induces enteric neurodegeneration and jejunal inflammation, and quercetin promotes neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory actions. Life Sci 2019; 238:116956. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Mostafa DM, Abd El-Alim SH, Asfour MH, Al-Okbi SY, Mohamed DA, Hamed TES, Awad G. Transdermal fennel essential oil nanoemulsions with promising hepatic dysfunction healing effect: in vitro and in vivo study. Pharm Dev Technol 2019; 24:729-738. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2019.1584633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Doha Abdou Mohamed
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Gamal Awad
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Andrulewicz-Botulińska E, Kuźmicz I, Nazaruk J, Wosek J, Galicka A. The concentration-dependent effect of anethole on collagen, MMP-2 and GAG in human skin fibroblast cultures. Adv Med Sci 2019; 64:111-116. [PMID: 30640076 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In aging skin and some skin disorders, components of skin extracellular matrix (ECM) are disturbed and therefore research to find skin drugs is important. Evaluation of anethole impact on collagen, GAGs and MMP-2 in human skin fibroblasts was the aim of this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS For collagen assay the Sircol dye, 5-[3H]proline and real time-PCR were used. MMP-2 activity was detected by zymography. GAG concentration was determined using 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB). Cell viability was assayed with MTT. RESULTS In cells treated with 1 and 10 μM anethole, a significant increase in collagen synthesis was demonstrated. In contrast, collagen synthesis was significantly decreased in cells exposed to 100 μM anethole. Similar alterations were found in collagen type I expression. The concentration of collagen secreted into the medium was higher only in cells exposed to 1 μM anethole, while it was lower under the influence of higher compound concentrations. It may be due to the lack of pro-MMP-2 activation at 1 μM and a significant increase in the level of MMP-2 at 10 and 100 μM anethole. GAG concentration was reduced under the influence of 100 μM anethole, whereas anethole at lower concentrations revealed the ability to prevent H2O2-induced GAG increase. No significant cytotoxicity of anethole to fibroblasts was noted. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate the concentration-dependent action of anethole on the crucial components of ECM in cultured skin fibroblasts, which may be somewhat beneficial and may possibly be developed towards a therapeutic use in some skin disorders.
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Rhee YH, Moon JH, Mo JH, Pham T, Chung PS. mTOR and ROS regulation by anethole on adipogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells. BMC Cell Biol 2018; 19:12. [PMID: 29980168 PMCID: PMC6035441 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-018-0163-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adipocyte differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is dependent on mitochondrial metabolism and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to initiate adipocyte differentiation. Although anethole has been known as an anti-oxidant and lipid peroxidation inhibitor, there is little investigated about its role in adipogenic differentiation. Methods The effects on cytotoxicity and proliferation of anethole in hMSCs were measured by the MTT assay. The anti-adipogenic effect of anethole on hMSCs was analyzed by Oil Red O staining and western blot analysis. The anti-oxidant activity of anethole on hMSC was assessed by flowcytometry and fluorescence staining using 2',7' –dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA). The western blotting was used to detect of phospho-Akt, phospho-mTOR, phospho-p70S6K, PPARγ, and phsopho-AMP-activated kinase (AMPK). Results Anethole suppressed the adipogenic differentiation of hMSCs through down-regulation of Akt-mTOR-p70S6K-PPARγ and up-regulation of AMPK. Anethole affected oxidative conditions through ROS generation. Anethole also rescued AMPK activity and reduced activation of mTOR-p70S6K-PPARγ under oxidative conditions in presence of exogenous hydrogen peroxide. Conclusion ROS and mTOR regulation is a crucial factor in adipogenic differentiation, anethole has an important role in regulating activities of mTOR/PPARγ and ROS control in adipogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12860-018-0163-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hee Rhee
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.,Laser Translational Clinical Trial Center, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hwan Moon
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.,Laser Translational Clinical Trial Center, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hun Mo
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.,Laser Translational Clinical Trial Center, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Tiffany Pham
- Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, 1002 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92612, USA
| | - Phil-Sang Chung
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea. .,Laser Translational Clinical Trial Center, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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Mohamed MS, Mansour YE, Amin HK, El-Araby ME. Molecular modelling insights into a physiologically favourable approach to eicosanoid biosynthesis inhibition through novel thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:755-767. [PMID: 29651867 PMCID: PMC6009894 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1457657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In this research, we exploited derivatives of thieno[2,3-b]pyridine as dual inhibitors of the key enzymes in eicosanoid biosynthesis, cyclooxygenase (COX, subtypes 1 and 2) and 5-lipoxygensase (5-LOX). Testing these compounds in a rat paw oedema model revealed potency higher than ibuprofen. The most active compounds 7a, 7b, 8b, and 8c were screened against COX-1/2 and 5-LOX enzymes. Compound 7a was the most powerful inhibitor of 5-LOX with IC50 = 0.15 µM, while its p-chloro analogue 7b was more active against COX-2 (IC50 = 7.5 µM). The less desirable target COX-1 was inhibited more potently by 8c with IC50 = 7.7 µM. Surflex docking programme predicted that the more stable anti- conformer of compound (7a) formed a favourable complex with the active site of 5-LOX but not COX-1. This is in contrast to the binding mode of 8c, which resembles the syn-conformer of series 7 and binds favourably to COX-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosaad S Mohamed
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Yara E Mansour
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Hatem K Amin
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Moustafa E El-Araby
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University , Cairo , Egypt
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da Rocha BA, Ritter AMV, Ames FQ, Gonçalves OH, Leimann FV, Bracht L, Natali MRM, Cuman RKN, Bersani-Amado CA. Acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity: Preventive effect of trans anethole. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 86:213-220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Aprotosoaie AC, Costache II, Miron A. Anethole and Its Role in Chronic Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 929:247-267. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41342-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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