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Chen X, An H, He J, Guo J, Xu S, Wu C, Wu D, Ji X. Mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR mt) as novel therapeutic targets for neurological disorders. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2025:271678X251341293. [PMID: 40370320 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x251341293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2025]
Abstract
Neurological disorders, including brain cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and ischemic/reperfusion injury, pose a significant threat to global human health. Due to the high metabolic demands of nerve cells, mitochondrial dysfunction is a critical feature of these disorders. The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) is an evolutionarily conserved mitochondrial response, which is critical for maintaining mitochondrial and energetic homeostasis under stress. Previous studies have found that UPRmt participates in diverse physiological processes especially metabolism and immunity. Currently, increasing evidence suggest that targeted regulation of UPRmt can also effectively delay the progression of neurological diseases and improve patients' prognosis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of UPRmt in the context of neurological diseases, with a particular emphasis on its regulatory functions. Additionally, we summarize the mechanistic insights into UPRmt in neurological disorders as investigated in preclinical studies, as well as its potential as a therapeutic target in the clinical management of neurological tumors. By highlighting the importance of UPRmt in the complex processes underlying neurological disorders, this review aims to bridge current knowledge gaps and inspire novel therapeutic strategies for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Neurology and China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong An
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiachen He
- Department of Neurology and China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- Department of Neurology and China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuaili Xu
- Department of Neurology and China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanjie Wu
- Department of Neurology and China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Neurology and China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xunming Ji
- Department of Neurology and China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Xu R, Liu H, Shu C, Li Y, Wang S, Xiong Y, Chen F, Wang X, Huang H, Liu Z, Wang G, Wang H. Association of TRPV1 and the SIRT3/SOD2 Signaling Pathway in Mononuclear Cells and Astrocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Patients with Schizophrenia. Brain Sci 2025; 15:339. [PMID: 40309794 PMCID: PMC12025208 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci15040339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2025] [Revised: 03/13/2025] [Accepted: 03/24/2025] [Indexed: 05/02/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) is a factor that mediates glial cell response with effects on mitochondrial function. It may affect the occurrence and development of schizophrenia. The aim of this study is to further explore schizophrenia biomarkers by analyzing TRPV1 and oxidative stress in astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (ADEs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS A case-control study was conducted. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) clinical data were obtained from 50 symptomatic patients with schizophrenia and 50 controls, and fasting peripheral blood samples were collected for the isolation of PBMCs and ADEs. Western blotting was used to assess TRPV1, Sirtuin3 (Sirt3), SOD2, and acetyl-SOD2. RESULTS The patient group exhibited significantly reduced TRPV1 and Sirt3 expression levels in PBMCs and ADEs compared with the control group. In addition, there was a marked increase in SOD2 and acetyl-SOD2 levels. TRPV1 was negatively correlated with the negative symptom score in the patient PBMCs and ADEs. SOD2 showed positive correlations with the general psychopathology symptom score, and acetyl-SOD2 was positively correlated with the negative symptom score. The BACS total score was positively correlated with TRPV1 levels and negatively correlated with acetyl-SOD2 levels in the patient group. CONCLUSION TRPV1 expressions in PBMCs and ADEs were reduced and closely correlated, and TRPV1 levels were associated with psychiatric symptoms and cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia. It was indicated that TRPV1 could be a biomarker for schizophrenia and reflect the disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (R.X.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (Y.L.); (S.W.); (Y.X.); (F.C.); (X.W.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (R.X.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (Y.L.); (S.W.); (Y.X.); (F.C.); (X.W.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (R.X.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (Y.L.); (S.W.); (Y.X.); (F.C.); (X.W.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (R.X.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (Y.L.); (S.W.); (Y.X.); (F.C.); (X.W.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Shijing Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (R.X.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (Y.L.); (S.W.); (Y.X.); (F.C.); (X.W.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (R.X.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (Y.L.); (S.W.); (Y.X.); (F.C.); (X.W.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Fashuai Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (R.X.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (Y.L.); (S.W.); (Y.X.); (F.C.); (X.W.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (R.X.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (Y.L.); (S.W.); (Y.X.); (F.C.); (X.W.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Huan Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (R.X.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (Y.L.); (S.W.); (Y.X.); (F.C.); (X.W.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Zhongchun Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (R.X.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (Y.L.); (S.W.); (Y.X.); (F.C.); (X.W.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (G.W.)
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Gaohua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (R.X.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (Y.L.); (S.W.); (Y.X.); (F.C.); (X.W.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (G.W.)
- Hubei Institute of Neurology and Psychiatry Research, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (R.X.); (H.L.); (C.S.); (Y.L.); (S.W.); (Y.X.); (F.C.); (X.W.); (H.H.); (Z.L.); (G.W.)
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China
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Fu Y, Zhang J, Qin R, Ren Y, Zhou T, Han B, Liu B. Activating autophagy to eliminate toxic protein aggregates with small molecules in neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Rev 2025; 77:100053. [PMID: 40187044 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmr.2025.100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2025] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, Huntington disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and frontotemporal dementia, are well known to pose formidable challenges for their treatment due to their intricate pathogenesis and substantial variability among patients, including differences in environmental exposures and genetic predispositions. One of the defining characteristics of NDs is widely reported to be the buildup of misfolded proteins. For example, Alzheimer disease is marked by amyloid beta and hyperphosphorylated Tau aggregates, whereas Parkinson disease exhibits α-synuclein aggregates. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia exhibit TAR DNA-binding protein 43, superoxide dismutase 1, and fused-in sarcoma protein aggregates, and Huntington disease involves mutant huntingtin and polyglutamine aggregates. These misfolded proteins are the key biomarkers of NDs and also serve as potential therapeutic targets, as they can be addressed through autophagy, a process that removes excess cellular inclusions to maintain homeostasis. Various forms of autophagy, including macroautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy, and microautophagy, hold a promise in eliminating toxic proteins implicated in NDs. In this review, we focus on elucidating the regulatory connections between autophagy and toxic proteins in NDs, summarizing the cause of the aggregates, exploring their impact on autophagy mechanisms, and discussing how autophagy can regulate toxic protein aggregation. Moreover, we underscore the activation of autophagy as a potential therapeutic strategy across different NDs and small molecules capable of activating autophagy pathways, such as rapamycin targeting the mTOR pathway to clear α-synuclein and Sertraline targeting the AMPK/mTOR/RPS6KB1 pathway to clear Tau, to further illustrate their potential in NDs' therapeutic intervention. Together, these findings would provide new insights into current research trends and propose small-molecule drugs targeting autophagy as promising potential strategies for the future ND therapies. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This review provides an in-depth overview of the potential of activating autophagy to eliminate toxic protein aggregates in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. It also elucidates the fascinating interrelationships between toxic proteins and the process of autophagy of "chasing and escaping" phenomenon. Moreover, the review further discusses the progress utilizing small molecules to activate autophagy to improve the efficacy of therapies for neurodegenerative diseases by removing toxic protein aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Fu
- Institute of Precision Drug Innovation and Cancer Center, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China; Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rui Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueting Ren
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Brain Science, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Institute of Precision Drug Innovation and Cancer Center, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China; Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Wang Y, Ge Y, Hua S, Shen C, Cai B, Zhao H. Aloe-Emodin Improves Mitophagy in Alzheimer's Disease via Activating the AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT3 Signaling Pathway. CNS Neurosci Ther 2025; 31:e70346. [PMID: 40125832 PMCID: PMC11931456 DOI: 10.1111/cns.70346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2025] [Accepted: 03/11/2025] [Indexed: 03/25/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired mitophagy results in the accumulation of defective mitochondria that are unable to be cleared effectively in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aloe-emodin (AE), a key component of the traditional Chinese medicine Rhubarb, exhibits neuroprotective effects against Alzheimer's disease, though the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Studying aloe-emodin's role in enhancing mitophagy is vital for improving cognitive function and reducing neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease. METHODS The APP/PS1 double transgenic mice were adopted as models for AD to assess the effects of aloe-emodin upon cognitive function and its neuroprotective impact on hippocampal neurons. Additionally, we investigated the regulatory mechanisms of proteins within the aforementioned pathway, and the morphological characteristics of mitophagy-related proteins. An AD hippocampal neuron model was developed using Aβ25-35 to evaluate the mitochondrial function, the protein expression of such a pathway and the mitophagy. This approach aims to elucidate the effects and underlying mechanisms of aloe-emodin in relation to AD. RESULTS AE activates mitophagy in neurons, improves cognitive dysfunction, reduces hippocampal damage, and alleviates AD symptoms in model mice. AE activates the expression of AMPK, PGC-1α and SIRT3. Increased expression of SIRT3 in mitochondria promotes mitophagy and regulates the function of mitochondrial proteins. When mitochondrial autophagy is enhanced, the expression of Beclin1, LC3, P62, Parkin, and PINK1-related proteins changes. Further in vitro experiments showed that AE can enhance mitochondrial function in Alzheimer's disease cell models. The mitochondrial membrane potential, GSH, ROS and Ca2+ levels gradually recover, alleviating the pathological manifestations of AD. Knocking down SIRT3 leads to increased mitochondrial damage and a reduction in mitophagy in HT22 cells. CONCLUSION Experimental results show that AE can activate mitophagy through AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT3 pathway, alleviate cognitive dysfunction in AD, and reduce damage to hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Wang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Yunzhi Ge
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Siyu Hua
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Chenrui Shen
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Biao Cai
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui Academy of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an MedicineAnhui University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of EducationHefeiChina
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal FormulaHefeiChina
| | - Han Zhao
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui Academy of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an MedicineAnhui University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of EducationHefeiChina
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal FormulaHefeiChina
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Yang P, Shuai W, Wang X, Hu X, Zhao M, Wang A, Wu Y, Ouyang L, Wang G. Mitophagy in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms of Action and the Advances of Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2025; 68:3970-3994. [PMID: 39908485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2025]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), are devastating brain diseases and are incurable at the moment. Increasing evidence indicates that NDDs are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitophagy removes defective or redundant mitochondria to maintain cell homeostasis, whereas deficient mitophagy accelerates the accumulation of damaged mitochondria to mediate the pathologies of NDDs. Therefore, targeting mitophagy has become a valuable therapeutic pathway for the treatment of NDDs. Several mitophagy modulators have been shown to ameliorate neurodegeneration in PD and AD. However, it remains to be further investigated for other NDDs. Here, we describe the mechanism and key signaling pathway of mitophagy and summarize the roles of defective mitophagy on the pathogenesis of NDDs. Further, we underline the development advances of mitophagy modulators for PD and AD therapy, discuss the therapeutic challenges and limitations of the existing modulators, and provide guidelines for mitophagy mechanism exploration and drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Yang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wen Shuai
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiuying Hu
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Aoxue Wang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongya Wu
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liang Ouyang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Zheng N, Cao RL, Liu DY, Liu P, Zhao XY, Zhang SX, Huang M, Zheng ZH, Chen GL, Zou LB. OAB-14 alleviates mitochondrial impairment through the SIRT3-dependent mechanism in APP/PS1 transgenic mice and N2a/APP cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2025; 228:360-378. [PMID: 39793907 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2025.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2024] [Revised: 12/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2025] [Indexed: 01/13/2025]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive degenerative disease that affects a growing number of elderly individuals worldwide. OAB-14, a novel chemical compound developed by our research group, has been approved by the China Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical trials in patients with AD (approval no. YD-OAB-220210). Previous studies have shown that OAB-14 enhances cognitive function in APP/PS1 transgenic mice and ameliorates abnormal mitochondrial morphology in the hippocampus. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major risk factor for the development of AD, and maintaining healthy mitochondrial morphology and function is essential for improving the pathological changes and symptoms of AD. However, the protective effects of OAB-14 on mitochondria in AD and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of OAB-14 on the mitochondria of APP/PS1 transgenic mice and N2a/APP cells. Treatment with OAB-14 restored impaired mitochondrial function, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in APP/PS1 transgenic mice and N2a/APP cells. In APP/PS1 transgenic mice and N2a/APP cells, OAB-14-treated elevated the expression and activity of SIRT3, decreased mitochondrial acetylation, and reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) levels. OAB-14 also attenuated mitochondrial acetylation, improved mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy, and mitigated mtDNA damage in a SIRT3-dependent manner. In addition, OAB-14 suppressed mitochondrial Aβ accumulation in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 transgenic mice. This study provides further clarification on the potential therapeutic mechanisms of OAB-14 in the treatment of AD and lays the groundwork for future drug applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Ruo-Lin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Dan-Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Xin-Yu Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Shu-Xin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Zhong-Hui Zheng
- Shandong Xinhua Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Zibo, Shandong, 255086, PR China.
| | - Guo-Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Li-Bo Zou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
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Tang H, Zhou Y, Ma L, Ye Y, Xiao QX, Tang JQ, Xu Y. SIRT3 alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction and senescence in diabetes-associated periodontitis by deacetylating LRPPRC. Free Radic Biol Med 2025; 227:407-419. [PMID: 39557134 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 11/06/2024] [Accepted: 11/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/20/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes-associated periodontitis (DP) is recognized as an inflammatory disease that can lead to teeth loss. Uncontrolled chronic low-grade inflammation-induced senescence impairs the stemness of human periodontal stem cells (hPDLSCs). Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, is pivotal in various biological processes and is closely linked to aging and aging-related diseases. This study aims to explore the mechanism of SIRT3-related senescence and osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs under DP and explored the novelty therapeutic targets. Our study revealed that SIRT3 expression was markedly inhibited in periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) stimulated by high glucose and lipopolysaccharide. Both in vitro and in vivo, reduced SIRT3 expression accelerated cell senescence and impaired osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. We demonstrated that SIRT3 binds to and deacetylates leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein (LRPPRC), thereby modulating senescence. Additionally, we found that LRPPRC regulates senescence by modulating oxidative phosphorylation and oxidative stress. The activation of SIRT3 by honokiol significantly delayed senescence and promoted alveolar bone regeneration in mice after DP. Our findings indicate that the activation of SIRT3 negatively regulates hPDLSCs senescence by deacetylating LRPPRC, suggesting SIRT3 as a promising therapeutic target for DP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tang
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Ye
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian-Xuan Xiao
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Qi Tang
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Yang M, Luo S, Chen W, He L, Liu D, Wang X, Xiao L, Sun L. Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response (mtUPR) and Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2025; 32:1674-1684. [PMID: 37608662 DOI: 10.2174/0929867331666230822095924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the energy factories of cells, and their functions are closely related to cell homeostasis. The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR) is a newly discovered mechanism for regulating mitochondrial homeostasis. When unfolded/ misfolded proteins accumulate in mitochondria, the mitochondria release signals that regulate the transcription of certain proteins in the nucleus, thereby inducing the correct folding or degradation of proteins in mitochondria. Many studies have also shown that an abnormality of mtUPR is closely related to the occurrence and development of diseases. Here, we summarized the pathways regulating mtUPR signaling and reviewed the research progress on mtUPR in diseases. Finally, we summarized the currently identified agonists and inhibitors of the mtUPR and discussed the potential of the mtUPR as a therapeutic target for diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shilu Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyu He
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, Chinaa
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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9
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Lim DW, Lee JE, Lee C, Kim YT. Natural Products and Their Neuroprotective Effects in Degenerative Brain Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:11223. [PMID: 39457003 PMCID: PMC11508681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252011223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2024] [Revised: 10/08/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As the global population ages, the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's is rapidly rising. These diseases present a significant public health challenge, as they severely impair cognitive and motor functions, ultimately leading to a substantial reduction in quality of life and placing a heavy burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Although several therapeutic agents have been developed to manage the symptoms of these diseases, their effectiveness is often limited, and there remains an urgent need for preventive strategies. Growing evidence indicates that bioactive compounds from natural products possess neuroprotective properties through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, modulating key pathways such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor-tropomyosin receptor kinase B-cAMP response element-binding protein (BDNF-TrkB-CREB), which are crucial for neuronal survival. These compounds may also reduce amyloid-beta and tau pathology, as well as enhance cholinergic neurotransmission by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity. By targeting oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration, natural products offer a promising approach for both prevention and treatment. These findings suggest that natural products may be promising for preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims to explore the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, the limitations of current therapies, and the potential role of natural products as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yun Tai Kim
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (D.W.L.); (J.-E.L.); (C.L.)
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10
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Youn K, Jun M. Determination of Potential Lead Compound from Magnolia officinalis for Alzheimer's Disease through Pharmacokinetic Prediction, Molecular Docking, Dynamic Simulation, and Experimental Validation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10507. [PMID: 39408835 PMCID: PMC11477134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251910507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β protein (Aβ) deposition has been implicated as the molecular driver of Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. The modulation of the formation of abnormal aggregates and their post-translational modification is strongly suggested as the most effective approach to anti-AD. Beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) acts upstream in amyloidogenic processing to generate Aβ, which rapidly aggregates alone or in combination with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to form fibrils. Accumulated Aβ promotes BACE1 activation via glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and is post-translationally modified by glutaminyl cyclase (QC), resulting in increased neurotoxicity. A novel multi-target inhibitor as a potential AD agent was identified using an in silico approach and experimental validation. Magnolia officinalis, which showed the best anti-AD activity in our preliminary study, was subjected to analysis, and 82 compounds were studied. Among 23 compounds with drug-likeness, blood-brain barrier penetration, and safety, honokiol emerged as a lead structure for the inhibition of BACE1, AChE, QC, and GSK-3β in docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Furthermore, honokiol was found to be an excellent multi-target inhibitor of these enzymes with an IC50 of 6-90 μM, even when compared to other natural single-target inhibitors. Taken together, the present study is the first to demonstrate that honokiol acts as a multiple enzyme inhibitor with an excellent pharmacokinetic and safety profile which may provide inhibitory effects in broad-range areas including the overproduction, aggregation, and post-translational modification of Aβ. It also provides insight into novel structural features for the design and discovery of multi-target inhibitors for anti-AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumju Youn
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea;
- Center for Food & Bio Innovation, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Mira Jun
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea;
- Center for Food & Bio Innovation, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
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11
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Yang J, Zhao H, Qu S. Phytochemicals targeting mitophagy: Therapeutic opportunities and prospects for treating Alzheimer's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117144. [PMID: 39004063 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of age-related cognitive decline. Recent studies have established a close relationship between mitophagy and the pathogenesis of AD. Various phytochemicals have shown promising therapeutic effects in mitigating the onset and progression of AD. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the typical features of mitophagy and the underlying mechanisms leading to its occurrence in AD, highlighting its significance in the disease's pathogenesis and progression. Additionally, we examine the therapeutic mechanisms of synthetic drugs that induce mitophagy in AD. Finally, we summarize recent advances in research on phytochemicals that regulate mitophagy in the treatment of AD, potentially guiding the development of new anti-AD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China.
| | - He Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China.
| | - Shengtao Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China.
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12
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Li H, Sun J, Wu Y, Yang Y, Zhang W, Tian Y. Honokiol relieves hippocampal neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease by activating the SIRT3-mediated mitochondrial autophagy. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14878. [PMID: 39097923 PMCID: PMC11298204 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work elucidated the effect of honokiol (HKL) on hippocampal neuronal mitochondrial function in Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS APP/PS1 mice were used as AD mice models and exposed to HKL and 3-TYP. Morris water maze experiment was performed to appraise cognitive performance of mice. Hippocampal Aβ+ plaque deposition and neuronal survival was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Nissl staining. Hippocampal neurons were dissociated from C57BL/6 mouse embryos. Hippocampal neuronal AD model was constructed by Aβ oligomers induction and treated with HKL, CsA and 3-TYP. Neuronal viability and apoptosis were detected by cell counting kit-8 assay and TUNEL staining. mRFP-eGFP-LC3 assay, MitoSOX Red, dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, and JC-1 staining were performed to monitor neuronal autophagosomes, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), neuronal ROS, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Autophagy-related proteins were detected by Western blot. RESULTS In AD mice, HKL improved cognitive function, relieved hippocampal Aβ1-42 plaque deposition, promoted hippocampal neuron survival, and activated hippocampal SIRT3 expression and mitochondrial autophagy. These effects of HKL on AD mice were abolished by 3-TYP treatment. In hippocampal neuronal AD model, HKL increased neuronal activity, attenuated neuronal apoptosis and Aβ aggregation, activated SIRT3 and mitochondrial autophagy, reduced mitochondrial and neuronal ROS, and elevated mitochondrial membrane potential. CsA treatment and 3-TYP treatment abrogated the protection of HKL on hippocampal neuronal AD model. The promotion of mitochondrial autophagy by HKL in hippocampal neuronal AD model was counteracted by 3-TYP. CONCLUSIONS HKL activates SIRT3-mediated mitochondrial autophagy to mitigate hippocampal neuronal damage in AD. HKL may be effective in treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jinmei Sun
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yili Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou Medical University, Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health)WenzhouChina
| | - Yishu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuanruhua Tian
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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13
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Li N, Liang Y, Zhang L, Xu C, Wang L. Neolignans in Magnolia officinalis as natural anti-Alzheimer's disease agents: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102398. [PMID: 38955265 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnolia officinalis, a traditional herbal medicine widely used in clinical practice, exerts antibacterial, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-aging activities. Neolignans are the main active ingredients of M. officinalis and exert a wide range of pharmacological effects, including anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) activity. OBJECTIVE To summarize the published data on the therapeutic effect and mechanism of neolignans on AD in vivo and in vitro. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus were systematically reviewed (up to March 1, 2024) for pre-clinical studies. RESULTS M. officinalis-derived neolignans (honokiol, magnolol, 4-O-methylhonokiol, and obovatol) alleviated behavioral abnormalities, including learning and cognitive impairments, in AD animal models. Mechanistically, neolignans inhibited Aβ generation or aggregation, neuroinflammation, and acetylcholinesterase activity; promoted microglial phagocytosis and anti-oxidative stress; alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction and energy metabolism, as well as anti-cholinergic deficiency; and regulated intestinal flora. Furthermore, neolignans may achieve neuroprotection by regulating different molecular pathways, including the NF-κB, ERK, AMPK/mTOR/ULK1, and cAMP/PKA/CREB pathways. CONCLUSIONS Neolignans exert anti-AD effects through multiple mechanisms and pathways. However, the exact targets, pharmacokinetics, safety, and clinical efficacy in patients with AD need further investigation in multi-center clinical case-control studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, PR China.
| | - Yuanyuan Liang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, PR China.
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, PR China.
| | - Changlu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, PR China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, PR China.
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14
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Zhang N, Nao J, Zhang S, Dong X. Novel insights into the activating transcription factor 4 in Alzheimer's disease and associated aging-related diseases: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Front Neuroendocrinol 2024; 74:101144. [PMID: 38797197 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2024.101144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Ageing is inherent to all human beings, most mechanistic explanations of ageing results from the combined effects of various physiological and pathological processes. Additionally, aging pivotally contributes to several chronic diseases. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), a member of the ATF/cAMP response element-binding protein family, has recently emerged as a pivotal player owing to its indispensable role in the pathophysiological processes of Alzheimer's disease and aging-related diseases. Moreover, ATF4 is integral to numerous biological processes. Therefore, this article aims to comprehensively review relevant research on the role of ATF4 in the onset and progression of aging-related diseases, elucidating its potential mechanisms and therapeutic approaches. Our objective is to furnish scientific evidence for the early identification of risk factors in aging-related diseases and pave the way for new research directions for their treatment. By elucidating the signaling pathway network of ATF4 in aging-related diseases, we aspire to gain a profound understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms, offering novel strategies for addressing aging and developing related therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Seventh Clinical College of China Medical University, No. 24 Central Street, Xinfu District, Fushun 113000, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jianfei Nao
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, China.
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, China.
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15
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Yusri K, Kumar S, Fong S, Gruber J, Sorrentino V. Towards Healthy Longevity: Comprehensive Insights from Molecular Targets and Biomarkers to Biological Clocks. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6793. [PMID: 38928497 PMCID: PMC11203944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex and time-dependent decline in physiological function that affects most organisms, leading to increased risk of age-related diseases. Investigating the molecular underpinnings of aging is crucial to identify geroprotectors, precisely quantify biological age, and propose healthy longevity approaches. This review explores pathways that are currently being investigated as intervention targets and aging biomarkers spanning molecular, cellular, and systemic dimensions. Interventions that target these hallmarks may ameliorate the aging process, with some progressing to clinical trials. Biomarkers of these hallmarks are used to estimate biological aging and risk of aging-associated disease. Utilizing aging biomarkers, biological aging clocks can be constructed that predict a state of abnormal aging, age-related diseases, and increased mortality. Biological age estimation can therefore provide the basis for a fine-grained risk stratification by predicting all-cause mortality well ahead of the onset of specific diseases, thus offering a window for intervention. Yet, despite technological advancements, challenges persist due to individual variability and the dynamic nature of these biomarkers. Addressing this requires longitudinal studies for robust biomarker identification. Overall, utilizing the hallmarks of aging to discover new drug targets and develop new biomarkers opens new frontiers in medicine. Prospects involve multi-omics integration, machine learning, and personalized approaches for targeted interventions, promising a healthier aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalishah Yusri
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Sheng Fong
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Clinical and Translational Sciences PhD Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Jan Gruber
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Science Division, Yale-NUS College, Singapore 138527, Singapore
| | - Vincenzo Sorrentino
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism and Amsterdam Neuroscience Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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Liu Y, Tan Y, Zhang Z, Yi M, Zhu L, Peng W. The interaction between ageing and Alzheimer's disease: insights from the hallmarks of ageing. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:7. [PMID: 38254235 PMCID: PMC10804662 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00397-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a crucial risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is characterised by systemic changes in both intracellular and extracellular microenvironments that affect the entire body instead of a single organ. Understanding the specific mechanisms underlying the role of ageing in disease development can facilitate the treatment of ageing-related diseases, such as AD. Signs of brain ageing have been observed in both AD patients and animal models. Alleviating the pathological changes caused by brain ageing can dramatically ameliorate the amyloid beta- and tau-induced neuropathological and memory impairments, indicating that ageing plays a crucial role in the pathophysiological process of AD. In this review, we summarize the impact of several age-related factors on AD and propose that preventing pathological changes caused by brain ageing is a promising strategy for improving cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yejun Tan
- School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Zheyu Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yi
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Lemei Zhu
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Li Z, Zheng Y, Liu K, Liang Y, Lu J, Li Q, Zhao B, Liu X, Li X. Lignans as multi-targeted natural products in neurodegenerative diseases and depression: Recent perspectives. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5599-5621. [PMID: 37669911 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
As the global population ages, the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases is becoming more and more important. There is an urgent need to discover novel drugs that are effective in treating neurological diseases. In recent years, natural products and their biological activities have gained widespread attention. Lignans are a class of metabolites extensively present in Chinese herbal medicine and possess good pharmacological effects. Latest studies have demonstrated their neuroprotective pharmacological activity in preventing acute/chronic neurodegenerative diseases and depression. In this review, the pharmacological effects of these disorders, the pharmacokinetics, safety, and clinical trials of lignans were summarized according to the scientific literature. These results proved that lignans mainly exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Anti-apoptosis, regulation of nervous system functions, and modulation of synaptic signals are also potential effects. Despite the substantial evidence of the neuroprotective potential of lignans, it is not sufficient to support their use in the clinical management. Our study suggests that lignans can be used as prospective agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and depression, with a view to informing their further development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Youdan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiuxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bolin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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18
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Yang X, Zhang Y, Luo JX, Zhu T, Ran Z, Mu BR, Lu MH. Targeting mitophagy for neurological disorders treatment: advances in drugs and non-drug approaches. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3503-3528. [PMID: 37535076 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02636-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria serve as a vital energy source for nerve cells. The mitochondrial network also acts as a defense mechanism against external stressors that can threaten the stability of the nervous system. However, excessive accumulation of damaged mitochondria can lead to neuronal death. Mitophagy is an essential pathway in the mitochondrial quality control system and can protect neurons by selectively removing damaged mitochondria. In most neurological disorders, dysfunctional mitochondria are a common feature, and drugs that target mitophagy can improve symptoms. Here, we reviewed the role of mitophagy in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, stroke, and traumatic brain injuries. We also summarized drug and non-drug approaches to promote mitophagy and described their therapeutic role in neurological disorders in order to provide valuable insight into the potential therapeutic agents available for neurological disease treatment. However, most studies on mitophagy regulation are based on preclinical research using cell and animal models, which may not accurately reflect the effects in humans. This poses a challenge to the clinical application of drugs targeting mitophagy. Additionally, these drugs may carry the risk of intolerable side effects and toxicity. Future research should focus on the development of safer and more targeted drugs for mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jia-Xin Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Zhao Ran
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ben-Rong Mu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Mei-Hong Lu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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19
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Faysal M, Khan J, Zehravi M, Nath N, Singh LP, Kakkar S, Perusomula R, Khan PA, Nainu F, Asiri M, Khan SL, Das R, Emran TB, Wilairatana P. Neuropharmacological potential of honokiol and its derivatives from Chinese herb Magnolia species: understandings from therapeutic viewpoint. Chin Med 2023; 18:154. [PMID: 38001538 PMCID: PMC10668527 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00846-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Honokiol is a neolignan biphenol found in aerial parts of the Magnolia plant species. The Magnolia plant species traditionally belong to China and have been used for centuries to treat many pathological conditions. Honokiol mitigates the severity of several pathological conditions and has the potential to work as an anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, anticancer, antioxidant, and neurotherapeutic agent. It has a long history of being employed in the healthcare practices of Southeast Asia, but in recent years, a greater scope of research has been conducted on it. Plenty of experimental evidence suggests it could be beneficial as a neuroprotective bioactive molecule. Honokiol has several pharmacological effects, leading to its exploration as a potential therapy for neurological diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), cerebral ischemia, anxiety, depression, spinal cord injury, and so on. So, based on the previous experimentation reports, our goal is to discuss the neuroprotective properties of honokiol. Besides, honokiol derivatives have been highlighted recently as possible therapeutic options for NDs. So, this review focuses on honokiol's neurotherapeutic actions and toxicological profile to determine their safety and potential use in neurotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Faysal
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Jishan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Mehrukh Zehravi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Dentistry & Pharmacy, Buraydah Private Colleges, 51418, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nikhil Nath
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Laliteshwar Pratap Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Narayan Institute of Pharmacy, Gopal Narayan Singh University, Jamuhar, Sasaram, (Rohtas), Bihar, 821305, India
| | - Saloni Kakkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Rajashekar Perusomula
- Cognitive Science Research Initiative Lab, Vishnu Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Narsapur, India
| | - Pathan Amanulla Khan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Anwar Ul Uloom College of Pharmacy, New Mallepally, Hyderabad, India
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia
| | - Mohammed Asiri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharuk L Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, N.B.S. Institute of Pharmacy, Ausa, Maharashtra, 413520, India
| | - Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School & Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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20
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Song Y, Cao H, Zuo C, Gu Z, Huang Y, Miao J, Fu Y, Guo Y, Jiang Y, Wang F. Mitochondrial dysfunction: A fatal blow in depression. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115652. [PMID: 37801903 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria maintain the normal physiological function of nerve cells by producing sufficient cellular energy and performing crucial roles in maintaining the metabolic balance through intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, oxidative stress, and axonal development. Depression is a prevalent psychiatric disorder with an unclear pathophysiology. Damage to the hippocampal neurons is a key component of the plasticity regulation of synapses and plays a critical role in the mechanism of depression. There is evidence suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with synaptic impairment. The maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis includes quantitative maintenance and quality control of mitochondria. Mitochondrial biogenesis produces new and healthy mitochondria, and mitochondrial dynamics cooperates with mitophagy to remove damaged mitochondria. These processes maintain mitochondrial population stability and exert neuroprotective effects against early depression. In contrast, mitochondrial dysfunction is observed in various brain regions of patients with major depressive disorders. The accumulation of defective mitochondria accelerates cellular nerve dysfunction. In addition, impaired mitochondria aggravate alterations in the brain microenvironment, promoting neuroinflammation and energy depletion, thereby exacerbating the development of depression. This review summarizes the influence of mitochondrial dysfunction and the underlying molecular pathways on the pathogenesis of depression. Additionally, we discuss the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis as a potential therapeutic strategy for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Song
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Cao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chengchao Zuo
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongya Gu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yaqi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jinfeng Miao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yufeng Fu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yongsheng Jiang
- Cancer Center of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China.
| | - Furong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging (HUST), Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China.
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21
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Dong Y, Zhuang XX, Wang YT, Tan J, Feng D, Li M, Zhong Q, Song Z, Shen HM, Fang EF, Lu JH. Chemical mitophagy modulators: Drug development strategies and novel regulatory mechanisms. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106835. [PMID: 37348691 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is a potential therapeutic strategy for various diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer. Selective degradation of mitochondria by autophagy (mitophagy) is a fundamental mitochondrial quality control mechanism conserved from yeast to humans. Indeed, small-molecule modulators of mitophagy are valuable pharmaceutical tools that can be used to dissect complex biological processes and turn them into potential drugs. In the past few years, pharmacological regulation of mitophagy has shown promising therapeutic efficacy in various disease models. However, with the increasing number of chemical mitophagy modulator studies, frequent methodological flaws can be observed, leading some studies to draw unreliable or misleading conclusions. This review attempts (a) to summarize the molecular mechanisms of mitophagy; (b) to propose a Mitophagy Modulator Characterization System (MMCS); (c) to perform a comprehensive analysis of methods used to characterize mitophagy modulators, covering publications over the past 20 years; (d) to provide novel targets for pharmacological intervention of mitophagy. We believe this review will provide a panorama of current research on chemical mitophagy modulators and promote the development of safe and robust mitophagy modulators with therapeutic potential by introducing high methodological standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau
| | - Xu-Xu Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau
| | - Yi-Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- Center for medical genetics, Central South University, Changsha 410031, Hunan, China
| | - Du Feng
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, College of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Li
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Qing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhiyin Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, 999078, Macau
| | - Evandro F Fang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Jia-Hong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau.
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22
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Guo Y, Guan T, Shafiq K, Yu Q, Jiao X, Na D, Li M, Zhang G, Kong J. Mitochondrial dysfunction in aging. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 88:101955. [PMID: 37196864 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a complex process that features a functional decline in many organelles. Although mitochondrial dysfunction is suggested as one of the determining factors of aging, the role of mitochondrial quality control (MQC) in aging is still poorly understood. A growing body of evidence points out that reactive oxygen species (ROS) stimulates mitochondrial dynamic changes and accelerates the accumulation of oxidized by-products through mitochondrial proteases and mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). Mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs) are the frontline of MQC to dispose of oxidized derivatives. Besides, mitophagy helps remove partially damaged mitochondria to ensure that mitochondria are healthy and functional. Although abundant interventions on MQC have been explored, over-activation or inhibition of any type of MQC may even accelerate abnormal energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction-induced senescence. This review summarizes mechanisms essential for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and emphasizes that imbalanced MQC may accelerate cellular senescence and aging. Thus, appropriate interventions on MQC may delay the aging process and extend lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Guo
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Teng Guan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Kashfia Shafiq
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Xin Jiao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Donghui Na
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Meiyu Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Guohui Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.
| | - Jiming Kong
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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23
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Zhang H, Dai S, Yang Y, Wei J, Li X, Luo P, Jiang X. Role of Sirtuin 3 in Degenerative Diseases of the Central Nervous System. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050735. [PMID: 37238605 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
An NAD+-dependent deacetylase called Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) is involved in the metabolic processes of the mitochondria, including energy generation, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative stress. Sirt3 activation can slow down or prevent mitochondrial dysfunction in response to neurodegenerative disorders, demonstrating a strong neuroprotective impact. The mechanism of Sirt3 in neurodegenerative illnesses has been elucidated over time; it is essential for neuron, astrocyte, and microglial function, and its primary regulatory factors include antiapoptosis, oxidative stress, and the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS), may benefit from a thorough and in-depth investigation of Sirt3. In this review, we primarily cover Sirt3's role and its regulation in the nerve cells and the connection between Sirt3 and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofuzi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
- Institute of Neurosurgery of People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), PLA's Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shuhui Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yuefan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jialiang Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
- Department of Health Service, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
- Institute of Neurosurgery of People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), PLA's Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiaofan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
- Institute of Neurosurgery of People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), PLA's Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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24
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Mishra Y, Kumar Kaundal R. Role of SIRT3 in mitochondrial biology and its therapeutic implications in neurodegenerative disorders. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103583. [PMID: 37028501 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a mitochondrial deacetylase expressed preferentially in high-metabolic-demand tissues including the brain, requires NAD+ as a cofactor for catalytic activity. It regulates various processes such as energy homeostasis, redox balance, mitochondrial quality control, mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), biogenesis, dynamics and mitophagy by altering protein acetylation status. Reduced SIRT3 expression or activity causes hyperacetylation of hundreds of mitochondrial proteins, which has been linked with neurological abnormalities, neuro-excitotoxicity and neuronal cell death. A body of evidence has suggested, SIRT3 activation as a potential therapeutic modality for age-related brain abnormalities and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP)-226002, India
| | - Ravinder Kumar Kaundal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP)-226002, India.
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25
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Zhou Y, Tang J, Lan J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Chen Q, Kang Y, Sun Y, Feng X, Wu L, Jin H, Chen S, Peng Y. Honokiol alleviated neurodegeneration by reducing oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial function in mutant SOD1 cellular and mouse models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:577-597. [PMID: 36873166 PMCID: PMC9979194 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting both upper and lower motor neurons (MNs) with large unmet medical needs. Multiple pathological mechanisms are considered to contribute to the progression of ALS, including neuronal oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Honokiol (HNK) has been reported to exert therapeutic effects in several neurologic disease models including ischemia stroke, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Here we found that honokiol also exhibited protective effects in ALS disease models both in vitro and in vivo. Honokiol improved the viability of NSC-34 motor neuron-like cells that expressed the mutant G93A SOD1 proteins (SOD1-G93A cells for short). Mechanistical studies revealed that honokiol alleviated cellular oxidative stress by enhancing glutathione (GSH) synthesis and activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway. Also, honokiol improved both mitochondrial function and morphology via fine-tuning mitochondrial dynamics in SOD1-G93A cells. Importantly, honokiol extended the lifespan of the SOD1-G93A transgenic mice and improved the motor function. The improvement of antioxidant capacity and mitochondrial function was further confirmed in the spinal cord and gastrocnemius muscle in mice. Overall, honokiol showed promising preclinical potential as a multiple target drug for ALS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jingshu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiaqi Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hongyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qiuyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuying Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinhong Feng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Lei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hongtao Jin
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shizhong Chen
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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26
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The Journey of Mitochondrial Protein Import and the Roadmap to Follow. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032479. [PMID: 36768800 PMCID: PMC9916854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are double membrane-bound organelles that play critical functions in cells including metabolism, energy production, regulation of intrinsic apoptosis, and maintenance of calcium homeostasis. Mitochondria are fascinatingly equipped with their own genome and machinery for transcribing and translating 13 essential proteins of the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS). The rest of the proteins (99%) that function in mitochondria in the various pathways described above are nuclear-transcribed and synthesized as precursors in the cytosol. These proteins are imported into the mitochondria by the unique mitochondrial protein import system that consists of seven machineries. Proper functioning of the mitochondrial protein import system is crucial for optimal mitochondrial deliverables, as well as mitochondrial and cellular homeostasis. Impaired mitochondrial protein import leads to proteotoxic stress in both mitochondria and cytosol, inducing mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). Altered UPRmt is associated with the development of various disease conditions including neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, as well as cancer. This review sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the import of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins, the consequences of defective mitochondrial protein import, and the pathological conditions that arise due to altered UPRmt.
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27
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Sun GW, Ding TY, Wang M, Hu CL, Gu JJ, Li J, Qiu T. Honokiol Reduces Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Inhibits Apoptosis of Nerve Cells in Rats with Traumatic Brain Injury by Activating the Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:2464-2472. [PMID: 36508141 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-02089-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to determine the effects and underlying mechanism of honokiol (HNK) on traumatic brain injury (TBI). A rat TBI model was constructed using the modified Feeney free-fall percussion method and treatment with HNK via intraperitoneal injection. The brain tissues of the rats in each group were assessed using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay to detect the level of neuronal apoptosis. Western blots were used to detect the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2 and Bax), and ELISAs were used to measure the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-18 and IL-1β) and the activity of caspase-1. In addition, the mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) were also measured. Western blots and qRT-PCRs were used to determine the relative expression levels of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt)-related proteins and mRNAs. Based on the experimental results, treatment with HNK was associated with a decrease in the number of TUNEL-positive cells, downregulated Bax expression levels, elevated Bcl-2 expression levels, and inhibition of neuronal apoptosis in the brain tissue of TBI rats. HNK also suppressed neuroinflammation by decreasing IL-1β and IL-18 levels and caspase-1 activity. Additionally, HNK lowered the mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS levels, increased ATP levels, and improved mitochondrial dysfunction in neural cells. Furthermore, in the investigation of the mechanism of HNK on TBI, we observed that HNK could activate UPRmt by upregulating the mRNA and protein expression levels of HSPA9, CLPP, and HSP60 in the brain tissues of TBI rats. Collectively, HNK reduced mitochondrial dysfunction, inhibited the apoptosis of nerve cells, and attenuated inflammation in the brains of TBI rats. The protective effect of HNK may be achieved through the activation of UPRmt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Wei Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, 212300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tian-Yi Ding
- Department of Imaging, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, 212300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, 212300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang-Long Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, 212300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiang-Jiang Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, 212300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, 212300, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Tao Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, 212300, Jiangsu, China.
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28
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Tian Y, Liu X, Pei X, Gao H, Pan P, Yang Y. Mechanism of Mitochondrial Homeostasis Controlling Ovarian Physiology. Endocrinology 2022; 164:6828017. [PMID: 36378567 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cells, including oocytes, granulosa/cumulus cells, theca cells, and stromal cells, contain abundant mitochondria, which play indispensable roles in the processes of ovarian follicle development. Ovarian function is closely controlled by mitochondrial proteostasis and mitostasis. While mitochondrial proteostasis and mitostasis are disturbed by several factors, leading to dysfunction of ovarian function and initiating the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) and mitophagy to maintain or recover ovarian function and mitochondrial function, clear interactions between the 2 pathways in the ovary have not been fully elucidated. Here, we comprehensively summarize the molecular networks or regulatory mechanisms behind further mitochondrial research in the ovary. This review provides novel insights into the interactions between the UPRmt and mitophagy in ovarian functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Clinical Medical College, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xinrui Liu
- Clinical Medical College, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xiuying Pei
- Clinical Medical College, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Clinical Medical College, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Pengge Pan
- Clinical Medical College, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yanzhou Yang
- Clinical Medical College, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
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29
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Wen S, Zou ZR, Cheng S, Guo H, Hu HS, Zeng FZ, Mei XF. Ginsenoside Rb1 improves energy metabolism after spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 18:1332-1338. [PMID: 36453420 PMCID: PMC9838172 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.357915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial damage caused by oxidative stress and energy deficiency induced by focal ischemia and hypoxia are important factors that aggravate diseases. Studies have shown that ginsenoside Rb1 has neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects. However, whether it influences energy metabolism after spinal cord injury remains unclear. In this study, we treated mouse and cell models of spinal cord injury with ginsenoside Rb1. We found that ginsenoside Rb1 remarkably inhibited neuronal oxidative stress, protected mitochondria, promoted neuronal metabolic reprogramming, increased glycolytic activity and ATP production, and promoted the survival of motor neurons in the anterior horn and the recovery of motor function in the hind limb. Because sirtuin 3 regulates glycolysis and oxidative stress, mouse and cell models of spinal cord injury were treated with the sirtuin 3 inhibitor 3-TYP. When Sirt3 expression was suppressed, we found that the therapeutic effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on spinal cord injury were remarkably inhibited. Therefore, ginsenoside Rb1 is considered a potential drug for the treatment of spinal cord injury, and its therapeutic effects are closely related to sirtuin 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wen
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China,Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Engineering of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhi-Ru Zou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Engineering of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China,Pharmacy School, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shuai Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China,Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Engineering of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China,Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Engineering of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Heng-Shuo Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China,Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Engineering of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Fan-Zhuo Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China,Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Engineering of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xi-Fan Mei
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China,Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Engineering of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China,Correspondence to: Xi-Fan Mei, .
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30
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Zeng K, Yu X, Mahaman YAR, Wang JZ, Liu R, Li Y, Wang X. Defective mitophagy and the etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Transl Neurodegener 2022; 11:32. [PMID: 35655270 PMCID: PMC9164340 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-022-00305-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of impaired mitochondria and energy metabolism disorders are non-negligible features of both aging and age-related neurodegeneration, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A growing number of studies suggest that mitophagy disorders play an important role in AD occurrence and development. The interaction between mitophagy deficits and Aβ or Tau pathology may form a vicious cycle and cause neuronal damage and death. Elucidating the molecular mechanism of mitophagy and its role in AD may provide insights into the etiology and mechanisms of AD. Defective mitophagy is a potential target for AD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Zeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, 430012, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neurodegeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry/Hubei Province of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, 430012, China
| | - Xuan Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry/Hubei Province of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yacoubou Abdoul Razak Mahaman
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry/Hubei Province of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jian-Zhi Wang
- Co-Innovation Center of Neurodegeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry/Hubei Province of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry/Hubei Province of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, 430012, China. .,Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, 430012, China.
| | - Xiaochuan Wang
- Co-Innovation Center of Neurodegeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China. .,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry/Hubei Province of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
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31
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Wan W, Hua F, Fang P, Li C, Deng F, Chen S, Ying J, Wang X. Regulation of Mitophagy by Sirtuin Family Proteins: A Vital Role in Aging and Age-Related Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:845330. [PMID: 35615591 PMCID: PMC9124796 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.845330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are protein factors that can delay aging and alleviate age-related diseases through multiple molecular pathways, mainly by promoting DNA damage repair, delaying telomere shortening, and mediating the longevity effect of caloric restriction. In the last decade, sirtuins have also been suggested to exert mitochondrial quality control by mediating mitophagy, which targets damaged mitochondria and delivers them to lysosomes for degradation. This is especially significant for age-related diseases because dysfunctional mitochondria accumulate in aging organisms. Accordingly, it has been suggested that sirtuins and mitophagy have many common and interactive aspects in the aging process. This article reviews the mechanisms and pathways of sirtuin family-mediated mitophagy and further discusses its role in aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Fuzhou Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Pu Fang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Fumou Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Shoulin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Ying
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- Jun Ying
| | - Xifeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Xifeng Wang
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Xu H, Liu YY, Li LS, Liu YS. Sirtuins at the Crossroads between Mitochondrial Quality Control and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Structure, Regulation, Modifications, and Modulators. Aging Dis 2022; 14:794-824. [PMID: 37191431 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7), a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent enzymes, are key regulators of life span and metabolism. In addition to acting as deacetylates, some sirtuins have the properties of deacylase, decrotonylase, adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosyltransferase, lipoamidase, desuccinylase, demalonylase, deglutarylase, and demyristolyase. Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs early on and acts causally in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD). Sirtuins are implicated in the regulation of mitochondrial quality control, which is highly associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. There is growing evidence indicating that sirtuins are promising and well-documented molecular targets for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegenerative disorders by regulating mitochondrial quality control, including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics, and mitochondrial unfolded protein responses (mtUPR). Therefore, elucidation of the molecular etiology of sirtuin-mediated mitochondrial quality control points to new prospects for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying sirtuin-mediated mitochondrial quality control remain obscure. In this review, we update and summarize the current understanding of the structure, function, and regulation of sirtuins with an emphasis on the cumulative and putative effects of sirtuins on mitochondrial biology and neurodegenerative diseases, particularly their roles in mitochondrial quality control. In addition, we outline the potential therapeutic applications for neurodegenerative diseases of targeting sirtuin-mediated mitochondrial quality control through exercise training, calorie restriction, and sirtuin modulators in neurodegenerative diseases.
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