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Kresbach C, Holst L, Schoof M, Leven T, Göbel C, Neyazi S, Tischendorf J, Loose C, Wrzeszcz A, Yorgan T, Rutkowski S, Schüller U. Intraventricular SHH inhibition proves efficient in SHH medulloblastoma mouse model and prevents systemic side effects. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:609-622. [PMID: 37767814 PMCID: PMC10995518 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor in children and requires intensive multimodal therapy. Long-term survival is still dissatisfying and, most importantly, survivors frequently suffer from severe treatment-associated morbidities. The sonic hedgehog pathway (SHH) in SHH MB provides a promising target for specific therapeutic agents. The small molecule Vismodegib allosterically inhibits SMO, the main upstream activator of SHH. Vismodegib has proven effective in the treatment of MB in mice and in clinical studies. However, due to irreversible premature epiphyseal growth plate fusions after systemic application to infant mice and children, its implementation to pediatric patients has been limited. Intraventricular Vismodegib application might provide a promising novel treatment strategy for pediatric medulloblastoma patients. METHODS Infant medulloblastoma-bearing Math1-cre::Ptch1Fl/Fl mice were treated with intraventricular Vismodegib in order to evaluate efficacy on tumor growth and systemic side effects. RESULTS We show that intraventricular Vismodegib treatment of Math1-cre::Ptch1Fl/Fl mice leads to complete or partial tumor remission only 2 days after completed treatment. Intraventricular treatment also significantly improved symptom-free survival in a dose-dependent manner. At the same time, intraventricular application prevented systemic side effects in the form of anatomical or histological bone deformities. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that intraventricular application of a SHH pathway inhibitor combines the advantages of a specific treatment agent with precise drug delivery and might evolve as a promising new way of targeted treatment for SHH MB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catena Kresbach
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Research Institute Children’s Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Center of Diagnostics, Institute of Neuropathology, Center of Diagnostics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center HaTriCS4, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lea Holst
- Research Institute Children’s Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Schoof
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Research Institute Children’s Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tara Leven
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Research Institute Children’s Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Göbel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Research Institute Children’s Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sina Neyazi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Research Institute Children’s Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Tischendorf
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Research Institute Children’s Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Loose
- Research Institute Children’s Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonina Wrzeszcz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Research Institute Children’s Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Timur Yorgan
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Rutkowski
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Research Institute Children’s Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Center of Diagnostics, Institute of Neuropathology, Center of Diagnostics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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2
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Li B, Yang P, Shen F, You C, Wu F, Shi Y, Ye L. Gli1 labels progenitors during chondrogenesis in postnatal mice. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:1773-1791. [PMID: 38409269 PMCID: PMC11014955 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00093-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal growth promoted by endochondral ossification is tightly coordinated by self-renewal and differentiation of chondrogenic progenitors. Emerging evidence has shown that multiple skeletal stem cells (SSCs) participate in cartilage formation. However, as yet, no study has reported the existence of common long-lasting chondrogenic progenitors in various types of cartilage. Here, we identify Gli1+ chondrogenic progenitors (Gli1+ CPs), which are distinct from PTHrP+ or FoxA2+ SSCs, are responsible for the lifelong generation of chondrocytes in the growth plate, vertebrae, ribs, and other cartilage. The absence of Gli1+ CPs leads to cartilage defects and dwarfishness phenotype in mice. Furthermore, we show that the BMP signal plays an important role in self-renewal and maintenance of Gli1+ CPs. Deletion of Bmpr1α triggers Gli1+ CPs quiescence exit and causes the exhaustion of Gli1+ CPs, consequently disrupting columnar cartilage. Collectively, our data demonstrate that Gli1+ CPs are common long-term chondrogenic progenitors in multiple types of cartilage and are essential to maintain cartilage homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boer Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Puying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangyuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengjia You
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fanzi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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3
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Trompet D, Kurenkova AD, Zhou B, Li L, Dregval O, Usanova AP, Chu TL, Are A, Nedorubov AA, Kasper M, Chagin AS. Stimulation of skeletal stem cells in the growth plate promotes linear bone growth. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e165226. [PMID: 38516888 PMCID: PMC11063944 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.165226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, skeletal stem cells were shown to be present in the epiphyseal growth plate (epiphyseal skeletal stem cells, epSSCs), but their function in connection with linear bone growth remains unknown. Here, we explore the possibility that modulating the number of epSSCs can correct differences in leg length. First, we examined regulation of the number and activity of epSSCs by Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. Both systemic activation of Hh pathway with Smoothened agonist (SAG) and genetic activation of Hh pathway by Patched1 (Ptch1) ablation in Pthrp-creER Ptch1fl/fl tdTomato mice promoted proliferation of epSSCs and clonal enlargement. Transient intra-articular administration of SAG also elevated the number of epSSCs. When SAG-containing beads were implanted into the femoral secondary ossification center of 1 leg of rats, this leg was significantly longer 1 month later than the contralateral leg implanted with vehicle-containing beads, an effect that was even more pronounced 2 and 6 months after implantation. We conclude that Hh signaling activates growth plate epSSCs, which effectively leads to increased longitudinal growth of bones. This opens therapeutic possibilities for the treatment of differences in leg length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Trompet
- Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anastasiia D. Kurenkova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Baoyi Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lei Li
- Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ostap Dregval
- Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna P. Usanova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Tsz Long Chu
- Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Are
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrei A. Nedorubov
- Center for Preclinical Studies, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Kasper
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrei S. Chagin
- Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Xu J, Wu X, Zhu H, Zhu Y, Du K, Deng X, Wang C. CRP inhibits the osteoblastic differentiation of OPCs via the up-regulation of primary cilia and repression of the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Med Oncol 2024; 41:72. [PMID: 38345752 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02301-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation disrupts bone metabolism and leads to bone damage. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a typical inflammation marker. Although CRP measurement has been conducted for many decades, how osteoblastic differentiation influences molecular mechanisms remains largely unknown. The present study attempted to investigate the effects of CRP on primary cultured osteoblast precursor cells (OPCs) while elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms. OPCs were isolated from suckling Sprague-Dawleyrats. Fewer OPCs were observed after recombinant C-reactive protein treatment. In a series of experiments, CRP inhibited OPC proliferation, osteoblastic differentiation, and the OPC gene expression of the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. The inhibitory effect of CRP on OPC proliferation occurred via blockade of the G1-S transition of the cell cycle. In addition, the regulation effect of proto cilium on osteoblastic differentiation was analyzed using the bioinformatics p. This revealed the primary cilia activation of recombinant CRP effect on OPCs through in vitro experiments. A specific Sonic Hedgehog signaling agonist (SAG) rescued osteoblastic differentiation inhibited by recombinant CRP. Moreover, chloral hydrate, which removes primary cilia, inhibited the Suppressor of Fused (SUFU) formation and blocked Gli2 degradation. This counteracted osteogenesis inhibition caused by CRP. Therefore, these data depict that CRP can inhibit the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of OPCs. The underlying mechanism could be associated with primary cilia activation and Hh pathway repression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiangmei Wu
- Department of Physiology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Huifang Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yinghua Zhu
- Department of Pre-Hospital Emergency, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Central Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Kailong Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaoyan Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Changdong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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5
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Buccilli B, Rodriguez Molina MA, Redrovan Palomeque DP, Herrera Sabán CA, C Caliwag FM, Contreras Flores CJS, Abeysiriwardana CWJ, Diarte E, Arruarana VS, Calderon Martinez E. Liquid Biopsies for Monitoring Medulloblastoma: Circulating Tumor DNA as a Biomarker for Disease Progression and Treatment Response. Cureus 2024; 16:e51712. [PMID: 38313884 PMCID: PMC10838584 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Pediatric brain tumors, including medulloblastoma (MB), represent a significant challenge in clinical oncology. Early diagnosis, accurate monitoring of therapeutic response, and the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) are crucial for improving outcomes in these patients. This review aims to explore recent advancements in liquid biopsy techniques for monitoring pediatric brain tumors, with a specific focus on medulloblastoma. The primary research question is how liquid biopsy techniques can be effectively utilized for these purposes. Liquid biopsies, particularly the analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), are investigated as promising noninvasive tools. This comprehensive review examines the components of liquid biopsies, including ctDNA, cell-free DNA (cfDNA), and microRNA (miRNA). Their applications in diagnosis, prognosis, and MRD assessment are critically assessed. The review also discusses the role of liquid biopsies in categorizing medulloblastoma subgroups, risk stratification, and the identification of therapeutic targets. Liquid biopsies have shown promising applications in the pediatric brain tumor field, particularly in medulloblastoma. They offer noninvasive means of diagnosis, monitoring treatment response, and detecting MRD. These biopsies have played a pivotal role in subgroup classification and risk stratification of medulloblastoma patients, aiding in the identification of therapeutic targets. However, challenges related to sensitivity and specificity are noted. In conclusion, this review highlights the growing importance of liquid biopsies, specifically ctDNA analysis in CSF, in pediatric brain tumor management, with a primary focus on medulloblastoma. Liquid biopsies have the potential to revolutionize patient care by enabling early diagnosis, accurate monitoring, and MRD detection. Nevertheless, further research is essential to validate their clinical utility fully. The evolving landscape of liquid biopsy applications underscores their promise in improving outcomes for pediatric brain tumor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Buccilli
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, ITA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Cindy A Herrera Sabán
- Department of General Practice, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, San Carlos, GTM
| | - Fides M C Caliwag
- Department of General Practice, Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health, Pasig City, PHL
| | | | | | - Edna Diarte
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, MEX
| | - Victor S Arruarana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, New York, USA
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6
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Nawaz S, Kulyar MFEA, Mo Q, Yao W, Iqbal M, Li J. Homeostatic Regulation of Pro-Angiogenic and Anti-Angiogenic Proteins via Hedgehog, Notch Grid, and Ephrin Signaling in Tibial Dyschondroplasia. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3750. [PMID: 38136788 PMCID: PMC10740744 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise coupling of two fundamental mechanisms, chondrogenesis and osteogenesis via angiogenesis, plays a crucial role during rapid proliferation of growth plates, and alteration in their balance might lead to pathogenic conditions. Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is characterized by an avascular, non-mineralized, jade-white "cartilaginous wedge" with impaired endochondral ossification and chondrocyte proliferation at the proximal end of a tibial bone in rapidly growing poultry birds. Developing vascular structures are dynamic with cartilage growth and are regulated through homeostatic balance among pro and anti-angiogenic proteins and cytokines. Pro-angiogenic factors involves a wide spectrum of multifactorial mitogens, such as vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), placental growth factors, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and TNF-α. Considering their regulatory role via the sonic hedgehog, notch-gridlock, and ephrin-B2/EphB4 pathways and inhibition through anti-angiogenic proteins like angiostatin, endostatin, decoy receptors, vasoinhibin, thrombospondin, PEX, and troponin, their possible role in persisting inflammatory conditions like TD was studied in the current literature review. Balanced apoptosis and angiogenesis are vital for physiological bone growth. Any homeostatic imbalance among apoptotic, angiogenetic, pro-angiogenic, or anti-angiogenic proteins ultimately leads to pathological bone conditions like TD and osteoarthritis. The current review might substantiate solid grounds for developing innovative therapeutics for diseases governed by the disproportion of angiogenesis and anti-angiogenesis proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Nawaz
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.N.); (M.F.-e.-A.K.); (W.Y.); (M.I.)
| | - Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.N.); (M.F.-e.-A.K.); (W.Y.); (M.I.)
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Quan Mo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.N.); (M.F.-e.-A.K.); (W.Y.); (M.I.)
| | - Wangyuan Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.N.); (M.F.-e.-A.K.); (W.Y.); (M.I.)
| | - Mudassar Iqbal
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.N.); (M.F.-e.-A.K.); (W.Y.); (M.I.)
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.N.); (M.F.-e.-A.K.); (W.Y.); (M.I.)
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7
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Jing J, Wu Z, Wang J, Luo G, Lin H, Fan Y, Zhou C. Hedgehog signaling in tissue homeostasis, cancers, and targeted therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:315. [PMID: 37596267 PMCID: PMC10439210 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01559-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The past decade has seen significant advances in our understanding of Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway in various biological events. HH signaling pathway exerts its biological effects through a complex signaling cascade involved with primary cilium. HH signaling pathway has important functions in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. It plays a central role in the regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of adult stem cells. Importantly, it has become increasingly clear that HH signaling pathway is associated with increased cancer prevalence, malignant progression, poor prognosis and even increased mortality. Understanding the integrative nature of HH signaling pathway has opened up the potential for new therapeutic targets for cancer. A variety of drugs have been developed, including small molecule inhibitors, natural compounds, and long non-coding RNA (LncRNA), some of which are approved for clinical use. This review outlines recent discoveries of HH signaling in tissue homeostasis and cancer and discusses how these advances are paving the way for the development of new biologically based therapies for cancer. Furthermore, we address status quo and limitations of targeted therapies of HH signaling pathway. Insights from this review will help readers understand the function of HH signaling in homeostasis and cancer, as well as opportunities and challenges of therapeutic targets for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhuoxuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiahe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guowen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hengyi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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8
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Tylawsky DE, Kiguchi H, Vaynshteyn J, Gerwin J, Shah J, Islam T, Boyer JA, Boué DR, Snuderl M, Greenblatt MB, Shamay Y, Raju GP, Heller DA. P-selectin-targeted nanocarriers induce active crossing of the blood-brain barrier via caveolin-1-dependent transcytosis. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:391-399. [PMID: 36864161 PMCID: PMC9981459 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant paediatric brain tumour, with ~30% mediated by Sonic hedgehog signalling. Vismodegib-mediated inhibition of the Sonic hedgehog effector Smoothened inhibits tumour growth but causes growth plate fusion at effective doses. Here, we report a nanotherapeutic approach targeting endothelial tumour vasculature to enhance blood-brain barrier crossing. We use fucoidan-based nanocarriers targeting endothelial P-selectin to induce caveolin-1-dependent transcytosis and thus nanocarrier transport into the brain tumour microenvironment in a selective and active manner, the efficiency of which is increased by radiation treatment. In a Sonic hedgehog medulloblastoma animal model, fucoidan-based nanoparticles encapsulating vismodegib exhibit a striking efficacy and marked reduced bone toxicity and drug exposure to healthy brain tissue. Overall, these findings demonstrate a potent strategy for targeted intracranial pharmacodelivery that overcomes the restrictive blood-brain barrier to achieve enhanced tumour-selective penetration and has therapeutic implications for diseases within the central nervous system.
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Grants
- T32 CA062948 NCI NIH HHS
- P30 CA008748 NCI NIH HHS
- R01 NS116353 NINDS NIH HHS
- R01 CA215719 NCI NIH HHS
- R01 NS122987 NINDS NIH HHS
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
- Unravel Pediatric Cancer, Emerson Collective.
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Cancer Center Support Grant (P30-CA008748), American Cancer Society Research Scholar Grant (GC230452),Unravel Pediatric Cancer, Emerson Collective, the Pershing Square Sohn Cancer Research Alliance, The Hartwell Foundation, the Expect Miracles Foundation - Financial Services Against Cancer, MSK’s Cycle for Survival’s Equinox Innovation Award in Rare Cancers, the Louis and Rachel Rudin Foundation, the Alan and Sandra Gerry Metastasis Research Initiative, Mr. William H. Goodwin and Mrs. Alice Goodwin and the Commonwealth Foundation for Cancer Research, the Experimental Therapeutics Center, the Imaging & Radiation Sciences Program, the Center for Molecular Imaging and Nanotechnology of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Tylawsky
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hiroto Kiguchi
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jake Vaynshteyn
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey Gerwin
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Janki Shah
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Taseen Islam
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacob A Boyer
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel R Boué
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew B Greenblatt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, & Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yosi Shamay
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - G Praveen Raju
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Daniel A Heller
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA.
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9
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Xiu C, Gong T, Luo N, Ma L, Zhang L, Chen J. Suppressor of fused-restrained Hedgehog signaling in chondrocytes is critical for epiphyseal growth plate maintenance and limb elongation in juvenile mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:997838. [PMID: 36120578 PMCID: PMC9479194 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.997838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays multiple critical roles in regulating chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation during epiphyseal cartilage development. However, it is still unclear whether Hh signaling in chondrocytes is required for growth plate maintenance during juvenile growth, and whether sustained activation of Hh signaling in chondrocytes promotes limb elongation. In this study, we first utilized Hh reporter mice to reveal that Hh signaling was activated in resting and columnar chondrocytes in growth plates of juvenile and adult mice. Next, we genetically modulated Hh signaling by conditionally deleting Smo or Sufu in all or a subpopulation of growth plate chondrocytes, and found that ablation of either Smo or Sufu in chondrocytes of juvenile mice caused premature closure of growth plates and shorter limbs, whereas Osx-Cre-mediated deletion of either of these two genes in prehypertrophic chondrocytes did not lead to obvious growth plate defects, indicating that Hh signaling mainly functions in resting and/or columnar chondrocytes to maintain growth plates at the juvenile stage. At the cellular level, we found that chondrocyte-specific ablation of Smo or Sufu accelerated or suppressed chondrocyte hypertrophy, respectively, whereas both decreased chondrocyte proliferation and survival. Thus, our study provided the first genetic evidence to establish the essential cell-autonomous roles for tightly-regulated Hh signaling in epiphyseal growth plate maintenance and limb elongation during juvenile growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Xiu
- Orthopedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Gong
- Orthopedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Na Luo
- Orthopedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linghui Ma
- Orthopedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Orthopedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Jianquan Chen, ; Lei Zhang,
| | - Jianquan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Jianquan Chen, ; Lei Zhang,
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10
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Canonical Hedgehog Pathway and Noncanonical GLI Transcription Factor Activation in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162523. [PMID: 36010600 PMCID: PMC9406872 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hedgehog signaling pathway is one of the fundamental pathways required for development and regulation of postnatal regeneration in a variety of tissues. The pathway has also been associated with cancers since the identification of a mutation in one of its components, PTCH, as the cause of Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome, which is associated with several cancers. Our understanding of the pathway in tumorigenesis has expanded greatly since that initial discovery over two decades ago. The pathway has tumor-suppressive and oncogenic functions depending on the context of the cancer. Furthermore, noncanonical activation of GLI transcription factors has been reported in a number of tumor types. Here, we review the roles of canonical Hedgehog signaling pathway and noncanonical GLI activation in cancers, particularly epithelial cancers, and discuss an emerging concept of the distinct outcomes that these modes have on cancer initiation and progression.
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11
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Combined MEK and JAK/STAT3 pathway inhibition effectively decreases SHH medulloblastoma tumor progression. Commun Biol 2022; 5:697. [PMID: 35835937 PMCID: PMC9283517 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03654-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common primary malignant pediatric brain cancer. We recently identified novel roles for the MEK/MAPK pathway in regulating human Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) MB tumorigenesis. The MEK inhibitor, selumetinib, decreased SHH MB growth while extending survival in mouse models. However, the treated mice ultimately succumbed to disease progression. Here, we perform RNA sequencing on selumetinib-treated orthotopic xenografts to identify molecular pathways that compensate for MEK inhibition specifically in vivo. Notably, the JAK/STAT3 pathway exhibits increased activation in selumetinib-treated tumors. The combination of selumetinib and the JAK/STAT3 pathway inhibitor, pacritinib, further reduces growth in two xenograft models and also enhances survival. Multiplex spatial profiling of proteins in drug-treated xenografts reveals shifted molecular dependencies and compensatory changes following combination drug treatment. Our study warrants further investigation into MEK and JAK/STAT3 inhibition as a novel combinatory therapeutic strategy for SHH MB. RNA sequencing of MEK inhibitor (selumetinib)-treated tumors reveals an upregulation of the JAK/STAT3 pathway, with combinatorial therapeutic strategies of JAK/STAT3 inhibitors and selumetinib investigated for the SHH subgroup of medulloblastoma.
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12
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Gong B, Guo D, Zheng C, Ma Z, Zhang J, Qu Y, Li X, Li G, Zhang L, Wang Y. Complement C3a activates astrocytes to promote medulloblastoma progression through TNF-α. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:159. [PMID: 35725556 PMCID: PMC9208237 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02516-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Approximately one-third of MB patients remain incurable. Understanding the molecular mechanism of MB tumorigenesis is, therefore, critical for developing specific and effective treatment strategies. Our previous work demonstrated that astrocytes constitute the tumor microenvironment (TME) of MB and play an indispensable role in MB progression. However, the underlying mechanisms by which astrocytes are regulated and activated to promote MB remain elusive. Methods By taking advantage of Math1-Cre/Ptch1loxp/loxp mice, which spontaneously develop MB, primary MB cells and astrocytes were isolated and then subjected to administration and coculture in vitro. Immunohistochemistry was utilized to determine the presence of C3a in MB sections. MB cell proliferation was evaluated by immunofluorescent staining. GFAP and cytokine expression levels in C3a-stimulated astrocytes were assessed by immunofluorescent staining, western blotting, q-PCR and ELISA. C3a receptor and TNF-α receptor expression was determined by PCR and immunofluorescent staining. p38 MAPK pathway activation was detected by western blotting. Transplanted MB mice were treated with a C3a receptor antagonist or TNF-α receptor antagonist to investigate their role in MB progression in vivo. Results We found that complement C3a, a fragment released from intact complement C3 following complement activation, was enriched in both human and murine MB tumor tissue, and its receptor was highly expressed on tumor-associated astrocytes (TAAs). We demonstrated that C3a activated astrocytes and promoted MB cell proliferation via the p38 MAPK pathway. Moreover, we discovered that C3a upregulated the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α in astrocytes. Application of the conditioned medium of C3a-stimulated astrocytes promoted MB cell proliferation, which was abolished by preincubation with a TNF-α receptor antagonist, indicating a TNF-α-dependent event. Indeed, we further demonstrated that administration of a selective C3a receptor or TNF-α receptor antagonist to mice subcutaneously transplanted with MB suppressed tumor progression in vivo. Conclusions C3a was released during MB development. C3a triggered astrocyte activation and TNF-α production via the p38 pathway, which promoted MB cell proliferation. Our findings revealed the novel role of C3a-mediated TNF-α production by astrocytes in MB progression. These findings imply that targeting C3a and TNF-α may represent a potential novel therapeutic approach for human MB. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02516-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Gong
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Duancheng Guo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chaonan Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhen Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanghui Qu
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gen Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Yuan Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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13
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Garg C, khan H, Kaur A, Singh TG, Sharma VK, Singh SK. Therapeutic Implications of Sonic Hedgehog Pathway in Metabolic Disorders: Novel Target for Effective Treatment. Pharmacol Res 2022; 179:106194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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14
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Wu W, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Yang W, Fan X, Xu J, Huang Z, Shao Q. Overexpression of sonic hedgehog enhances the osteogenesis in rat ectomesenchymal stem cells. Cell Tissue Bank 2022; 23:569-580. [PMID: 35147838 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-022-09994-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Ectoderm-derived mesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs) were used as potential seed cells for bone tissue engineering to treat bone defects due to their capability of rapid proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling was reported to play an important role in the development of bone tissue, but its role is not understood. The present study investigated the role of Shh molecule in osteogenic differentiation of rat EMSCs in vitro. Rat EMSCs were isolated form nasal respiratory mucosa and identified with immunofluorescence and analyzed with other methods, including reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting. EMSCs expressed CD90, CD105, nestin, and vimentin. On the seventh day of osteogenic induction, expression levels of Shh and Gli1 was higher according to the result of qPCR and Western blotting. After induction for 14 days, higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and more mineralized nodules were seen in comparison to the cells that did not undergo induction. Shh signaling appears to enhance osteogenic differentiation of rat EMSCs, suggesting that Shh signaling directs the lineage differentiation of ectodermal stem cells and represents a promising strategy for skeletal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijiang Wu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jili Xu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Huang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qixiang Shao
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. .,School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huai'an, 223002, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Liu NQ, Lin Y, Li L, Lu J, Geng D, Zhang J, Jashashvili T, Buser Z, Magallanes J, Tassey J, Shkhyan R, Sarkar A, Lopez N, Lee S, Lee Y, Wang L, Petrigliano FA, Van Handel B, Lyons K, Evseenko D. gp130/STAT3 signaling is required for homeostatic proliferation and anabolism in postnatal growth plate and articular chondrocytes. Commun Biol 2022; 5:64. [PMID: 35039652 PMCID: PMC8763901 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth of long bones and vertebrae is maintained postnatally by a long-lasting pool of progenitor cells. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms that regulate the output and maintenance of the cells that give rise to mature cartilage. Here we demonstrate that postnatal chondrocyte-specific deletion of a transcription factor Stat3 results in severely reduced proliferation coupled with increased hypertrophy, growth plate fusion, stunting and signs of progressive dysfunction of the articular cartilage. This effect is dimorphic, with females more strongly affected than males. Chondrocyte-specific deletion of the IL-6 family cytokine receptor gp130, which activates Stat3, phenocopied Stat3-deletion; deletion of Lifr, one of many co-receptors that signals through gp130, resulted in a milder phenotype. These data define a molecular circuit that regulates chondrogenic cell maintenance and output and reveals a pivotal positive function of IL-6 family cytokines in the skeletal system with direct implications for skeletal development and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Q. Liu
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Yucheng Lin
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006 China ,grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009 China
| | - Liangliang Li
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006 China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100 China
| | - Jinxiu Lu
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Dawei Geng
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006 China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166 China
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Tea Jashashvili
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Zorica Buser
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Jenny Magallanes
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Jade Tassey
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Ruzanna Shkhyan
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Arijita Sarkar
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Noah Lopez
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Siyoung Lee
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Youngjoo Lee
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Liming Wang
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006 China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006 China
| | - Frank A. Petrigliano
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA ,grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Ben Van Handel
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Karen Lyons
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Denis Evseenko
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA ,grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
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16
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Targeting chondrocytes for arresting bony fusion in ankylosing spondylitis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6540. [PMID: 34764263 PMCID: PMC8585952 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26750-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bony fusion caused by pathological new bone formation manifests the clinical feature of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here we discovered spontaneous kyphosis, arthritis and bony fusion in mature CD4-Cre;Ptpn11f/f mice, which present the pathophysiological features of AS. A population of CD4-Cre-expressing proliferating chondrocytes was SHP2 deficient, which could differentiate into pre-hypertrophic and hypertrophic chondrocytes. Functionally, SHP2 deficiency in chondrocytes impeded the fusion of epiphyseal plate and promoted chondrogenesis in joint cavity and enthesis. Mechanistically, aberrant chondrocytes promoted ectopic new bone formation through BMP6/pSmad1/5 signaling. It is worth emphasizing that such pathological thickness of growth plates was evident in adolescent humans with enthesitis-related arthritis, which could progress to AS in adulthood. Targeting dysfunctional chondrogenesis with Smo inhibitor sonidegib significantly alleviated the AS-like bone disease in mice. These findings suggest that blockade of chondrogenesis by sonidegib would be a drug repurposing strategy for AS treatment. Current treatments cannot significantly alleviate the radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), which results in joints stiffness and bony fusion of AS. Smo inhibitor sonidegib retards the pathological new bone formation in AS through targeting dysfunctional chondrogenesis.
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17
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Ellison DW. Mini-symposium in medulloblastoma genomics in the modern molecular era. Brain Pathol 2021; 30:661-663. [PMID: 32243002 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David W Ellison
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105
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18
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Koyama E, Mundy C, Saunders C, Chung J, Catheline SE, Rux D, Iwamoto M, Pacifici M. Premature Growth Plate Closure Caused by a Hedgehog Cancer Drug Is Preventable by Co-Administration of a Retinoid Antagonist in Mice. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:1387-1402. [PMID: 33724538 PMCID: PMC9661967 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The growth plates are key engines of skeletal development and growth and contain a top reserve zone followed by maturation zones of proliferating, prehypertrophic, and hypertrophic/mineralizing chondrocytes. Trauma or drug treatment of certain disorders can derange the growth plates and cause accelerated maturation and premature closure, one example being anti-hedgehog drugs such as LDE225 (Sonidegib) used against pediatric brain malignancies. Here we tested whether such acceleration and closure in LDE225-treated mice could be prevented by co-administration of a selective retinoid antagonist, based on previous studies showing that retinoid antagonists can slow down chondrocyte maturation rates. Treatment of juvenile mice with an experimental dose of LDE225 for 2 days (100 mg/kg by gavage) initially caused a significant shortening of long bone growth plates, with concomitant decreases in chondrocyte proliferation; expression of Indian hedgehog, Sox9, and other key genes; and surprisingly, the number of reserve progenitors. Growth plate involution followed with time, leading to impaired long bone lengthening. Mechanistically, LDE225 treatment markedly decreased the expression of retinoid catabolic enzyme Cyp26b1 within growth plate, whereas it increased and broadened the expression of retinoid synthesizing enzyme Raldh3, thus subverting normal homeostatic retinoid circuitries and in turn accelerating maturation and closure. All such severe skeletal and molecular changes were prevented when LDE-treated mice were co-administered the selective retinoid antagonist CD2665 (1.5 mg/kg/d), a drug targeting retinoid acid receptor γ, which is most abundantly expressed in growth plate. When given alone, CD2665 elicited the expected maturation delay and growth plate expansion. In vitro data showed that LDE225 acted directly to dampen chondrogenic phenotypic expression, a response fully reversed by CD2665 co-treatment. In sum, our proof-of-principle data indicate that drug-induced premature growth plate closures can be prevented or delayed by targeting a separate phenotypic regulatory mechanism in chondrocytes. The translation applicability of the findings remains to be studied. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiki Koyama
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Christina Mundy
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Cheri Saunders
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Juliet Chung
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Sarah E. Catheline
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Danielle Rux
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Masahiro Iwamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Maurizio Pacifici
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
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19
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Gampala S, Zhang G, Chang CJ, Yang JY. Activation of AMPK sensitizes medulloblastoma to Vismodegib and overcomes Vismodegib-resistance. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:459-469. [PMID: 34124601 PMCID: PMC8171304 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2020-00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Vismodegib, a Smoothened antagonist, is clinically approved for treatment of human basal cell carcinoma (BCC), in the clinical trials of medulloblastoma (MB) and other cancers. However, a significant proportion of these tumors fail to respond to Vismodegib after a period of treatment. Here, we find that AMPK agonists, A769662, and Metformin, can inhibit GLI1 activity and synergize with Vismodegib to suppress MB cell growth invitro and invivo. Furthermore, combination of AMPK agonists with Vismodegib is effective in overcoming Vismodegib‐resistant MB. This is the first report demonstrating that combining AMPK agonist (Metformin) and SHH pathway inhibitor (Vismodegib) confers synergy for MB treatment and provides an effective chemotherapeutic regimen that can be used to overcome resistance to Vismodegib in SHH‐driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silpa Gampala
- Department of Pediatrics Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - GuangJun Zhang
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine West Lafayette IN USA
| | - Chun Ju Chang
- Department of Medicine Division of Translational Research Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center Buffalo NY USA.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine Research Center for Cancer Biology China Medical University Taichung City Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yen Yang
- Department of Medicine Division of Translational Research Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center Buffalo NY USA.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine Research Center for Cancer Biology China Medical University Taichung City Taiwan
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20
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Statins repress hedgehog signaling in medulloblastoma with no bone toxicities. Oncogene 2021; 40:2258-2272. [PMID: 33649536 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway plays an indispensable role in bone development and genetic activation of the pathway results in medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Inhibitors of Hh pathway (such as vismodegib and sonedigib), which are used to treat MB, cause irreversible defects in bone growth in young children. Cholesterol is required for the activation of the Hh pathway, and statins, inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis, suppress MB growth by repressing Hh signaling in tumor cells. Here, we investigate the role of cholesterol biosynthesis in the proliferation and Hh signaling in chondrocytes, and examine the bone development in mice after statin treatment. Statins significantly inhibited MB growth in young mice, but caused no defects in bone development. Conditional deletion of NADP steroid dehydrogenase-like (NSDHL), an enzyme necessary for cholesterol biosynthesis, suppressed cholesterol synthesis in chondrocytes, and disrupted the growth plate in mouse femur and tibia, indicating the important function of intracellular cholesterol in bone development. Hh pathway activation and the proliferation of chondrocytes were inhibited by statin treatment in vitro; however, statins did not impair bone growth in vivo due to insufficient penetration into the bone. Our studies reveal a critical role of cholesterol in bone development, and support the utilization of statins for treatment of MB as well as other Hh pathway-associated malignancies.
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21
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Hwang D, Dismuke T, Tikunov A, Rosen EP, Kagel JR, Ramsey JD, Lim C, Zamboni W, Kabanov AV, Gershon TR, Sokolsky-Papkov PhD M. Poly(2-oxazoline) nanoparticle delivery enhances the therapeutic potential of vismodegib for medulloblastoma by improving CNS pharmacokinetics and reducing systemic toxicity. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2021; 32:102345. [PMID: 33259959 PMCID: PMC8160025 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We report a nanoparticle formulation of the SHH-pathway inhibitor vismodegib that improves efficacy for medulloblastoma, while reducing toxicity. Limited blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration and dose-limiting extitle/citraneural toxicities complicate systemic therapies for brain tumors. Vismodegib is FDA-approved for SHH-driven basal cell carcinoma, but implementation for medulloblastoma has been limited by inadequate efficacy and excessive bone toxicity. To address these issues through optimized drug delivery, we formulated vismodegib in polyoxazoline block copolymer micelles (POx-vismo). We then evaluated POx-vismo in transgenic mice that develop SHH-driven medulloblastomas with native vasculature and tumor microenvironment. POx-vismo improved CNS pharmacokinetics and reduced bone toxicity. Mechanistically, the nanoparticle carrier did not enter the CNS, and acted within the vascular compartment to improve drug delivery. Unlike conventional vismodegib, POx-vismo extended survival in medulloblastoma-bearing mice. Our results show the broad potential for non-targeted nanoparticle formulation to improve systemic brain tumor therapy, and specifically to improve vismodegib therapy for SHH-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duhyeong Hwang
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Taylor Dismuke
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrey Tikunov
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elias P Rosen
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - John R Kagel
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Jacob D Ramsey
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chaemin Lim
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - William Zamboni
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Alexander V Kabanov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Laboratory of Chemical Design of Bionanomaterials, Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Timothy R Gershon
- Department of Neurology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Marina Sokolsky-Papkov PhD
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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22
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Xie M, Chagin AS. The epiphyseal secondary ossification center: Evolution, development and function. Bone 2021; 142:115701. [PMID: 33091640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone age is used widely by pediatricians to assess the skeletal maturity of a child and predict growth potential. This entails measuring the size of secondary ossification centers (SOCs), which develop with age in the ends of long bones, which are initially cartilaginous. However, little is presently known about the developmental biology, evolution and functional role of these skeletal elements. Here, we summarize the knowledge currently available in this area and discuss potential primary functions of the SOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrei S Chagin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Russia.
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23
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Infante P, Malfanti A, Quaglio D, Balducci S, De Martin S, Bufalieri F, Mastrotto F, Basili I, Garofalo M, Lospinoso Severini L, Mori M, Manni I, Moretti M, Nicoletti C, Piaggio G, Caliceti P, Botta B, Ghirga F, Salmaso S, Di Marcotullio L. Glabrescione B delivery by self-assembling micelles efficiently inhibits tumor growth in preclinical models of Hedgehog-dependent medulloblastoma. Cancer Lett 2020; 499:220-231. [PMID: 33249196 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway leads to the development of several tumors, including medulloblastoma (MB), the most common pediatric brain malignancy. Hh inhibitors acting on GLI1, the final effector of Hh signaling, offer a valuable opportunity to overcome the pitfalls of the existing therapies to treat Hh-driven cancers. In this study, the toxicity, delivery, biodistribution, and anticancer efficacy of Glabrescione B (GlaB), a selective GLI1 inhibitor, were investigated in preclinical models of Hh-dependent MB. To overcome its poor water solubility, GlaB was formulated with a self-assembling amphiphilic polymer forming micelles, called mPEG5kDa-cholane. mPEG5kDa-cholane/GlaB showed high drug loading and stability, low cytotoxicity, and long permanence in the bloodstream. We found that mPEG5kDa-cholane efficiently enhanced the solubility of GlaB, thus avoiding the use of organic solvents. mPEG5kDa-cholane/GlaB possesses favorable pharmacokinetics and negligible toxicity. Remarkably, GlaB encapsulated in mPEG5kDa-cholane micelles was delivered through the blood-brain barrier and drastically inhibited tumor growth in both allograft and orthotopic models of Hh-dependent MB. Our findings reveal that mPEG5kDa-cholane/GlaB is a good candidate for the treatment of Hh-driven tumors and provide relevant implications for the translation of GlaB into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Infante
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessio Malfanti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Deborah Quaglio
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Silvia Balducci
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Sara De Martin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Mastrotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Irene Basili
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Mariangela Garofalo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Mattia Mori
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Isabella Manni
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Roma, Italy
| | - Marta Moretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Carmine Nicoletti
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy; Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Giulia Piaggio
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Caliceti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Bruno Botta
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Ghirga
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Roma, Italy.
| | - Stefano Salmaso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Lucia Di Marcotullio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy; Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy.
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24
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Lospinoso Severini L, Ghirga F, Bufalieri F, Quaglio D, Infante P, Di Marcotullio L. The SHH/GLI signaling pathway: a therapeutic target for medulloblastoma. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:1159-1181. [PMID: 32990091 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1823967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medulloblastoma (MB) is a heterogeneous tumor of the cerebellum that is divided into four main subgroups with distinct molecular and clinical features. Sonic Hedgehog MB (SHH-MB) is the most genetically understood and occurs predominantly in childhood. Current therapies consist of aggressive and non-targeted multimodal approaches that are often ineffective and cause long-term complications. These problems intensify the need to develop molecularly targeted therapies to improve outcome and reduce treatment-related morbidities. In this scenario, Hedgehog (HH) signaling, a developmental pathway whose deregulation is involved in the pathogenesis of several malignancies, has emerged as an attractive druggable pathway for SHH-MB therapy. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of the advancements in the HH antagonist research field. We place an emphasis on Smoothened (SMO) and glioma-associated oncogene homolog (GLI) inhibitors and immunotherapy approaches that are validated in preclinical SHH-MB models and that have therapeutic potential for MB patients. Literature from Pubmed and data reported on ClinicalTrial.gov up to August 2020 were considered. EXPERT OPINION Extensive-omics analysis has enhanced our knowledge and has transformed the way that MB is studied and managed. The clinical use of SMO antagonists has yet to be determined, however, future GLI inhibitors and multitargeting approaches are promising.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Ghirga
- Center for Life NanoScience@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Bufalieri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome La Sapienza , 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Deborah Quaglio
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 , Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Infante
- Center for Life NanoScience@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Di Marcotullio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome La Sapienza , 00161, Rome, Italy.,Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, University of Rome La Sapienza , 00161, Rome, Italy
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25
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Radial shock waves prevent growth retardation caused by the clinically used drug vismodegib in ex vivo cultured bones. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13400. [PMID: 32770014 PMCID: PMC7414117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69904-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In childhood medulloblastoma patients, the hedgehog antagonist vismodegib is an effective anti-cancer treatment but unfortunately induces irreversible growth arrests and growth impairment limiting its use in skeletally immature patients. We hypothesized that radial shock wave treatment (rSWT) may protect drug-induced growth impairment owing to its osteogenic effects. Fetal rat metatarsal bones were exposed to vismodegib (day 0–5; 100 nM) and/or rSWT (single session); other bones from day 1 were continuously exposed to a Gli1 antagonist (GANT61; 10 µM) and/or rSWT (single session). Control bones were untreated. The bone length was measured at intervals; histomorphometric analysis and immunostaining for PCNA, Gli1, and Ihh were performed on the sectioned bones. Bones treated with vismodegib showed impaired bone growth, reduced height of the resting-proliferative zone and reduced hypertrophic cell size compared to control. In vismodegib treated bones, a single session of rSWT partially rescued bone growth, increased the growth velocity, hypertrophic cell size, and restored growth plate morphology. Bones exposed to GANT61 showed impaired bone growth and disorganized growth plate while when combined with rSWT these effects were partially prevented. Locally applied rSWT had a chondroprotective effect in rat metatarsal bones and suggest a novel strategy to prevent growth impairment caused by vismodegib.
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26
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Kurenkova AD, Medvedeva EV, Newton PT, Chagin AS. Niches for Skeletal Stem Cells of Mesenchymal Origin. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:592. [PMID: 32754592 PMCID: PMC7366157 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With very few exceptions, all adult tissues in mammals are maintained and can be renewed by stem cells that self-renew and generate the committed progeny required. These functions are regulated by a specific and in many ways unique microenvironment in stem cell niches. In most cases disruption of an adult stem cell niche leads to depletion of stem cells, followed by impairment of the ability of the tissue in question to maintain its functions. The presence of stem cells, often referred to as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or multipotent bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), in the adult skeleton has long been realized. In recent years there has been exceptional progress in identifying and characterizing BMSCs in terms of their capacity to generate specific types of skeletal cells in vivo. Such BMSCs are often referred to as skeletal stem cells (SSCs) or skeletal stem and progenitor cells (SSPCs), with the latter term being used throughout this review. SSPCs have been detected in the bone marrow, periosteum, and growth plate and characterized in vivo on the basis of various genetic markers (i.e., Nestin, Leptin receptor, Gremlin1, Cathepsin-K, etc.). However, the niches in which these cells reside have received less attention. Here, we summarize the current scientific literature on stem cell niches for the SSPCs identified so far and discuss potential factors and environmental cues of importance in these niches in vivo. In this context we focus on (i) articular cartilage, (ii) growth plate cartilage, (iii) periosteum, (iv) the adult endosteal compartment, and (v) the developing endosteal compartment, in that order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia D Kurenkova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Medvedeva
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Phillip T Newton
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrei S Chagin
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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27
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Hanz SZ, Adeuyan O, Lieberman G, Hennika T. Clinical trials using molecular stratification of pediatric brain tumors. Transl Pediatr 2020; 9:144-156. [PMID: 32477915 PMCID: PMC7237976 DOI: 10.21037/tp.2020.03.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain cancer is now the leading cause of cancer death in children and adolescents, surpassing leukemia. The heterogeneity and invasiveness of pediatric brain tumors have historically made them difficult to treat. Although surgical intervention and standard of care therapies such as radiation and chemotherapy have improved the outlook for those affected, results are often transient and lend themselves to tumor recurrence or resistance. There also still exists a subset of brain tumors which remain unresponsive to treatment altogether. Therefore, there is great need for new therapeutic approaches. With the recent advent of molecularly-driven technologies, many of these complex tumors can now be classified by integrating molecular profiling data with clinical information such as demographics and outcomes. This new knowledge has allowed for the molecular stratification of pediatric brain tumors into distinct subgroups and the identification of molecular targets, which is changing how these children are treated, namely in the setting of clinical trials. Notable examples include reduced doses of radiation and chemotherapy in the wingless-activated subgroup of medulloblastoma, which has a favorable prognosis, and novel experimental drugs targeting BRAF alterations in low-grade gliomas and dopamine receptors in high-grade gliomas. In this review, we highlight several key previous and ongoing clinical trials that utilize molecular stratifications and targets for the treatment of pediatric brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Z Hanz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Division of Child Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oluwaseyi Adeuyan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Division of Child Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Grace Lieberman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tammy Hennika
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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28
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Rajabi H, Aslani S, Abhari A, Sanajou D. Expression Profiles of MicroRNAs in Stem Cells Differentiation. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:906-918. [PMID: 32072899 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200219092520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells and have a great potential in multilineage differentiation. These cells are classified into adult stem cells like Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs). Stem cells also have potential therapeutic utility due to their pluripotency, self-renewal, and differentiation ability. These properties make them a suitable choice for regenerative medicine. Stem cells differentiation toward functional cells is governed by different signaling pathways and transcription factors. Recent studies have demonstrated the key role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of various diseases, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, aging, cell fate decisions. Several types of stem cells have different and unique miRNA expression profiles. Our review summarizes novel regulatory roles of miRNAs in the process of stem cell differentiation especially adult stem cells into a variety of functional cells through signaling pathways and transcription factors modulation. Understanding the mechanistic roles of miRNAs might be helpful in elaborating clinical therapies using stem cells and developing novel biomarkers for the early and effective diagnosis of pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Rajabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Aslani
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Abhari
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Davoud Sanajou
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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29
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Hovestadt V, Ayrault O, Swartling FJ, Robinson GW, Pfister SM, Northcott PA. Medulloblastomics revisited: biological and clinical insights from thousands of patients. Nat Rev Cancer 2020; 20:42-56. [PMID: 31819232 PMCID: PMC9113832 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-019-0223-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma, a malignant brain tumour primarily diagnosed during childhood, has recently been the focus of intensive molecular profiling efforts, profoundly advancing our understanding of biologically and clinically heterogeneous disease subgroups. Genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic and proteomic landscapes have now been mapped for an unprecedented number of bulk samples from patients with medulloblastoma and, more recently, for single medulloblastoma cells. These efforts have provided pivotal new insights into the diverse molecular mechanisms presumed to drive tumour initiation, maintenance and recurrence across individual subgroups and subtypes. Translational opportunities stemming from this knowledge are continuing to evolve, providing a framework for improved diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. In this Review, we summarize recent advances derived from this continued molecular characterization of medulloblastoma and contextualize this progress towards the deployment of more effective, molecularly informed treatments for affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Hovestadt
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Olivier Ayrault
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR, INSERM, Orsay, France
- Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, Orsay, France
| | - Fredrik J Swartling
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Giles W Robinson
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Paediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul A Northcott
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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30
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Roussel MF, Stripay JL. Modeling pediatric medulloblastoma. Brain Pathol 2019; 30:703-712. [PMID: 31788908 PMCID: PMC7317774 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse models of medulloblastoma have proven to be instrumental in understanding disease mechanisms, particularly the role of epigenetic and molecular drivers, and establishing appropriate preclinical pipelines. To date, our research community has developed murine models for all four groups of medulloblastoma, each of which will be critical for the identification and development of new therapeutic approaches. Approaches to modeling medulloblastoma range from genetic engineering with CRISPR/Cas9 or in utero electroporation, to orthotopic and patient‐derived orthotopic xenograft systems. Each approach or model presents unique advantages that have ultimately contributed to an appreciation of medulloblastoma heterogeneity and the clinical obstacles that exist for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine F Roussel
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105
| | - Jennifer L Stripay
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105
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31
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Porath B, Farooki S, Gener M, Amudhavalli SM, Grote L, Cooley LD, Ginn K, Farooqi MS. Occurrence and characterization of medulloblastoma in a patient with Curry-Jones syndrome. Clin Genet 2019; 97:670-671. [PMID: 31825089 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma in a Patient with Curry-Jones Syndrome with a mosaic variant, c.1234C > T (p.Leu412Phe), in SMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binu Porath
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Sana Farooki
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Melissa Gener
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | | | - Lauren Grote
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Linda D Cooley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Kevin Ginn
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Midhat S Farooqi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
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32
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Apostu D, Lucaciu O, Mester A, Oltean-Dan D, Baciut M, Baciut G, Bran S, Onisor F, Piciu A, Pasca RD, Maxim A, Benea H. Systemic drugs with impact on osteoarthritis. Drug Metab Rev 2019; 51:498-523. [DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2019.1687511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dragos Apostu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ondine Lucaciu
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Mester
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniel Oltean-Dan
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Baciut
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Grigore Baciut
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simion Bran
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Florin Onisor
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andra Piciu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana D. Pasca
- Department of Biomolecular Physics, Faculty of Physics, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Molecular and Biomolecular Physics, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Maxim
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Horea Benea
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Ceritinib-Induced Regression of an Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Driven Neuroepithelial Brain Tumor. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174267. [PMID: 31480400 PMCID: PMC6747232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway plays an important role in several brain tumor entities. However, the lack of inhibitors crossing the blood–brain barrier remains a significant obstacle for clinical translation. Here, we targeted the IGF pathway using ceritinib, an off-target inhibitor of the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) and insulin receptor (INSR), in a pediatric patient with an unclassified brain tumor and a notch receptor 1 (NOTCH1) germline mutation. Pathway analysis of the tumor revealed activation of the sonic hedgehog (SHH), the wingless and integrated-1 (WNT), the IGF, and the Notch pathway. The proliferation of the patient tumor cells (225ZL) was inhibited by arsenic trioxide (ATO), which is an inhibitor of the SHH pathway, by linsitinib, which is an inhibitor of IGF1R and INSR, and by ceritinib. 225ZL expressed INSR but not IGF1R at the protein level, and ceritinib blocked the phosphorylation of INSR. Our first personalized treatment included ATO, but because of side effects, we switched to ceritinib. After 46 days, we achieved a concentration of 1.70 µM of ceritinib in the plasma, and after 58 days, MRI confirmed that there was a response to the treatment. Ceritinib accumulated in the tumor at a concentration of 2.72 µM. Our data suggest ceritinib as a promising drug for the treatment of IGF-driven brain tumors.
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Jiang ZL, Jin H, Liu ZS, Liu MY, Cao XF, Jiang YY, Bai HD, Zhang B, Li Y. Lentiviral‑mediated Shh reverses the adverse effects of high glucose on osteoblast function and promotes bone formation via Sonic hedgehog signaling. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3265-3275. [PMID: 31432117 PMCID: PMC6755203 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with diabetes tend to have an increased incidence of osteoporosis, which may be associated with hyperglycemia; however, the pathogenic mechanisms governing this interaction remain unknown. The present study sought to investigate whether elevated extracellular glucose levels of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) could influence osteoblastic differentiation and whether the intracellular Sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway could adjust the effects. Furthermore, to verify the results in vivo, a rat tooth extraction model was constructed. BMSCs were incubated in eight types of culture medium, including low glucose (LG), LG + lentivirus (Lenti), LG + Lenti-small interfering RNA (Lenti-siRNA), LG + Lenti-Shh, high glucose (HG), HG + Lenti, HG + Lenti-siRNA and HG + Lenti-Shh. The lentiviral transfection efficiency was observed using a fluorescence microscope; protein and mRNA expression was detected by western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The matrix mineralization and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of BMSCs were examined by Alizarin red staining and ALP activity assays, respectively. The expression of osteogenesis-related genes in BMSCs were quantified by RT-qPCR. The alveolar ridge reduction was measured and histological sections were used to evaluate new bone formation in the tooth socket. With high concentrations of glucose, Shh expression, matrix mineralization nodules formation, ALP activity and the levels of bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4), bone sialoprotein (BSP) and osteopontin (OPN) expression were greatly reduced compared with LG and corresponding control groups. Whereas activated Shh signaling via Lenti-Shh could increase the number of matrix mineralization nodules, ALP activity, and the expression levels of BMP4, BSP and OPN in BMSCs. Additionally, in vivo assays demonstrated that Lenti-Shh induced additional bone formation. Collectively, the results of the present study indicated that HG inhibited the Shh pathway in osteoblasts and resulted in patterning defects during osteoblastic differentiation and bone formation, while the activation of Shh signaling could suppress these deleterious effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Ling Jiang
- Department of Implantology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Han Jin
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Shuang Liu
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Yue Liu
- Department of Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Fang Cao
- Department of Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yang-Yang Jiang
- Department of Dentistry, The Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Dan Bai
- Feiyang Dental Clinic, Heihe, Heilongjiang 164300, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Saw S, Aiken A, Fang H, McKee TD, Bregant S, Sanchez O, Chen Y, Weiss A, Dickson BC, Czarny B, Sinha A, Fosang A, Dive V, Waterhouse PD, Kislinger T, Khokha R. Metalloprotease inhibitor TIMP proteins control FGF-2 bioavailability and regulate skeletal growth. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:3134-3152. [PMID: 31371388 PMCID: PMC6719459 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201906059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Saw et al. show via the combinatorial deletion of Timp family members in mice that metalloprotease regulation of FGF-2 is a crucial event in the chondrocyte maturation program, underlying the growth plate development and bone elongation responsible for attaining proper body stature. Regulated growth plate activity is essential for postnatal bone development and body stature, yet the systems regulating epiphyseal fusion are poorly understood. Here, we show that the tissue inhibitors of metalloprotease (TIMP) gene family is essential for normal bone growth after birth. Whole-body quadruple-knockout mice lacking all four TIMPs have growth plate closure in long bones, precipitating limb shortening, epiphyseal distortion, and widespread chondrodysplasia. We identify TIMP/FGF-2/IHH as a novel nexus underlying bone lengthening where TIMPs negatively regulate the release of FGF-2 from chondrocytes to allow IHH expression. Using a knock-in approach that combines MMP-resistant or ADAMTS-resistant aggrecans with TIMP deficiency, we uncouple growth plate activity in axial and appendicular bones. Thus, natural metalloprotease inhibitors are crucial regulators of chondrocyte maturation program, growth plate integrity, and skeletal proportionality. Furthermore, individual and combinatorial TIMP-deficient mice demonstrate the redundancy of metalloprotease inhibitor function in embryonic and postnatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Saw
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alison Aiken
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hui Fang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Trevor D McKee
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Otto Sanchez
- University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Canada
| | - Yan Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ashley Weiss
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | - Ankit Sinha
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Amanda Fosang
- University of Melbourne Department of Paediatrics and Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vincent Dive
- Institute of Biology and Technology, Saclay, France
| | - Paul D Waterhouse
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Thomas Kislinger
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rama Khokha
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
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Rojo-León V, García C, Valencia C, Méndez MA, Wood C, Covarrubias L. The E6/E7 oncogenes of human papilloma virus and estradiol regulate hedgehog signaling activity in a murine model of cervical cancer. Exp Cell Res 2019; 381:311-322. [PMID: 31125556 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Human papilloma virus oncogenes and estradiol are major etiologic factors associated with cervical cancer. In order to understand the mechanism by which these two factors promote carcinogenesis, the role of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway was evaluated during the normal growth of cervical epithelium and in the presence of E6/E7 oncogenes and exogenous estradiol. Hh signaling activity was determined in live animals (i.e., Gli-Luc reporter levels) during the estrous cycle and was found to be higher in the cervical area during the major growth phases, proestrus-estrus, in comparison to the diestrus phase. The same pattern was observed in transgenic mice expressing the E6/E7 oncogenes, though with notably higher levels than in control mice. Adding estradiol also markedly increased Gli activity in the cervix and the skin. In agreement with the correlation between high bioluminescence and tissue growth in different context, cervical cell proliferation was reduced upon Hh signaling inhibition in mice. Treatment with itraconazole, a putative novel Hh inhibitor, at an early stage of cervical carcinogenesis, did not decrease Hh signaling but it did reduce growth. Therefore, Hh signaling likely contributes to cervical carcinogenesis and itraconazole is effective to reduce growth but by a mechanism involving additional signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Rojo-León
- Department of Developmental Genetics and Molecular Physiology, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca Morelos, 62210, México.
| | - Celina García
- Department of Developmental Genetics and Molecular Physiology, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca Morelos, 62210, México.
| | - Concepción Valencia
- Department of Developmental Genetics and Molecular Physiology, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca Morelos, 62210, México.
| | - Marco-Antonio Méndez
- Department of Developmental Genetics and Molecular Physiology, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca Morelos, 62210, México.
| | - Christopher Wood
- Department of Developmental Genetics and Molecular Physiology, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca Morelos, 62210, México.
| | - Luis Covarrubias
- Department of Developmental Genetics and Molecular Physiology, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca Morelos, 62210, México.
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Cortes JE, Gutzmer R, Kieran MW, Solomon JA. Hedgehog signaling inhibitors in solid and hematological cancers. Cancer Treat Rev 2019; 76:41-50. [PMID: 31125907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hedgehog signaling pathway is normally tightly regulated. Mutations in hedgehog pathway components may lead to abnormal activation. Aberrantly activated hedgehog signaling plays a major role in the development of solid and hematological cancer. In recent years, inhibitors have been developed that attenuate hedgehog signaling; 2 have been approved for use in basal cell carcinoma (BCC), while others are under development or in clinical trials. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of known hedgehog inhibitors (HHIs) and their potential for the treatment of hematological cancers and solid tumors beyond BCC. DESIGN Published literature was searched to identify articles relating to HHIs in noncutaneous cancer. Both preclinical and clinical research articles were included. In addition, relevant clinical trial results were identified from www.clinicaltrials.gov. Information on the pharmacology of HHIs is also included. RESULTS HHIs show activity in a variety of solid and hematological cancers. In preclinical studies, HHIs demonstrated efficacy in pancreatic cancer, rhabdomyosarcoma, breast cancer, and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In clinical studies, HHIs showed activity in medulloblastoma, as well as prostate, pancreatic, and hematological cancers. Current clinical trials testing the efficacy of HHIs are underway for prostate, pancreatic, and breast cancers, as well as multiple myeloma and AML. CONCLUSIONS As clinical trial results become available, it will be possible to discern which additional tumor types are suited to HHI mono- or combination therapy with other anticancer agents. The latter strategy may be useful for delaying or overcoming drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge E Cortes
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. #428, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Ralf Gutzmer
- Skin Cancer Center Hannover, Department of Dermatology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Mark W Kieran
- Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - James A Solomon
- Ameriderm Research, 725 W Granada Blvd Ste 44, Ormond Beach, FL 32174, USA; University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
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38
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Guo L, Wei X, Zhang Z, Wang X, Wang C, Li P, Wang C, Wei L. Ipriflavone attenuates the degeneration of cartilage by blocking the Indian hedgehog pathway. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:109. [PMID: 31046827 PMCID: PMC6498579 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-1895-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine if ipriflavone, a novel and safe inhibitor of Indian hedgehog (Ihh) signaling, can attenuate cartilage degeneration by blocking the Ihh pathway. METHODS Human chondrocytes were used to evaluate Ihh signaling, cell proliferation, apoptosis, gene, and protein expression of chondrocytes by cell proliferation and apoptosis assays, real-time qPCR, and Western blotting at 48 h after ipriflavone treatment. Human cartilage explants were further used to validate the cell culture results. The effects of ipriflavone on cartilage degeneration in vivo were assessed using the rat ACLT OA model. Two-month-old male SD rats were randomized into 3 groups (n = 75): (1) sham, (2) ACLT alone, and (3) ACLT+ ipriflavone. Ipriflavone was administered intragastrically at 24 h after ACLT for 6 weeks. The extent of OA progression was evaluated by the OARSI score and immunohistochemistry at 12 weeks after surgery. The Ihh signaling pathway and OA-related genes were quantified by real-time PCR. RESULTS Cell proliferation in the cells treated with ipriflavone was increased to 36.40% ± 1.32% (5 μM) and 28.54% ± 0.74% (10 μM) from 11.99% ± 0.35% (DMSO) (P < 0.001), and apoptosis was decreased to 12.64% ± 3.7% (5 μM) and 15.18% ± 3.13% (10 μM) from 25.76% ± 5.1% (DMSO) (P < 0.05). Ipriflavone blocked Runx-2 mainly through the Smo-Gli2 pathway. A similar result was found in the cartilage explant culture. Ihh signaling in vivo was inhibited in animals treated with ipriflavone. Safranin-O staining revealed a less cartilage damage with lower OARSI scores (P < 0.05) in the ipriflavone-treated animals compared with untreated animals. The gene expression of Smo and Gli2 was inhibited significantly by ipriflavone (P < 0.05). The OA-related gene and protein type X, MMP-13, and type II collagen-C fragment were reduced, while type II collagen and Agg were increased in the ipriflavone-treated animals (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Catabolic genes were disrupted by blocking the Ihh pathway. This finding suggests that disruption of Ihh signaling with ipriflavone provides chondral protection in rat posttraumatic OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, China No. 382, Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Xiaochun Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, China No. 382, Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, China No. 382, Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Xiaojian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, China No. 382, Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, China No. 382, Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Pengcui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, China No. 382, Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal and Animal Model of Human Diseases, Department of Experimental Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian Southern Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, China No. 382, Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China. .,Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Suite 402A, 1 Hoppin Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
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39
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Galperin I, Dempwolff L, Diederich WE, Lauth M. Inhibiting Hedgehog: An Update on Pharmacological Compounds and Targeting Strategies. J Med Chem 2019; 62:8392-8411. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Galperin
- Center for Tumor and Immune Biology (ZTI), Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Dempwolff
- School of Pharmacy, Center for Tumor and Immune Biology (ZTI), Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Wibke E. Diederich
- School of Pharmacy, Center for Tumor and Immune Biology (ZTI), Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Core Facility Medicinal Chemistry, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Lauth
- Center for Tumor and Immune Biology (ZTI), Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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40
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Curran T. Reproducibility of academic preclinical translational research: lessons from the development of Hedgehog pathway inhibitors to treat cancer. Open Biol 2019; 8:rsob.180098. [PMID: 30068568 PMCID: PMC6119869 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.180098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Academic translational research is growing at a great pace at a time in which questions have been raised about the reproducibility of preclinical findings. The development of Hedgehog (HH) pathway inhibitors for the treatment of cancer over the past two decades offers a case study for understanding the root causes of failure to predict clinical outcomes arising from academic preclinical translational research. Although such inhibitors were once hoped to be efficacious in up to 25% of human cancer, clinical studies showed responses only in basal cell carcinoma and the HH subtype of medulloblastoma. Close examination of the published studies reveals limitations in the models used, lack of quantitative standards, utilization of high drug concentrations associated with non-specific toxicities and improper use of cell line and mouse models. In part, these issues arise from scientific complexity, for example, the failure of tumour cell lines to maintain HH pathway activity in vitro, but a greater contributing factor appears to be the influence of unconscious bias. There was a strong expectation that HH pathway inhibitors would make a profound impact on human cancer and experiments were designed with this assumption in mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Curran
- Children's Research Institute, Children's Mercy Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MI 64108, USA
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41
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Newton PT, Li L, Zhou B, Schweingruber C, Hovorakova M, Xie M, Sun X, Sandhow L, Artemov AV, Ivashkin E, Suter S, Dyachuk V, El Shahawy M, Gritli-Linde A, Bouderlique T, Petersen J, Mollbrink A, Lundeberg J, Enikolopov G, Qian H, Fried K, Kasper M, Hedlund E, Adameyko I, Sävendahl L, Chagin AS. A radical switch in clonality reveals a stem cell niche in the epiphyseal growth plate. Nature 2019; 567:234-238. [PMID: 30814736 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-0989-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Longitudinal bone growth in children is sustained by growth plates, narrow discs of cartilage that provide a continuous supply of chondrocytes for endochondral ossification1. However, it remains unknown how this supply is maintained throughout childhood growth. Chondroprogenitors in the resting zone are thought to be gradually consumed as they supply cells for longitudinal growth1,2, but this model has never been proved. Here, using clonal genetic tracing with multicolour reporters and functional perturbations, we demonstrate that longitudinal growth during the fetal and neonatal periods involves depletion of chondroprogenitors, whereas later in life, coinciding with the formation of the secondary ossification centre, chondroprogenitors acquire the capacity for self-renewal, resulting in the formation of large, stable monoclonal columns of chondrocytes. Simultaneously, chondroprogenitors begin to express stem cell markers and undergo symmetric cell division. Regulation of the pool of self-renewing progenitors involves the hedgehog and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signalling pathways. Our findings indicate that a stem cell niche develops postnatally in the epiphyseal growth plate, which provides a continuous supply of chondrocytes over a prolonged period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip T Newton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Baoyi Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Maria Hovorakova
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Meng Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition and Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Lakshmi Sandhow
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Artem V Artemov
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeny Ivashkin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon Suter
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vyacheslav Dyachuk
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Maha El Shahawy
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Amel Gritli-Linde
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Thibault Bouderlique
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julian Petersen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Annelie Mollbrink
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joakim Lundeberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Grigori Enikolopov
- Center for Developmental Genetics and Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Hong Qian
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Kaj Fried
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Kasper
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition and Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Eva Hedlund
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lars Sävendahl
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrei S Chagin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Hu Z, Hong S, Zhang Y, Dai H, Lin S, Yi T, Zhuang H. Down-regulated WDR35 contributes to fetal anomaly via regulation of osteogenic differentiation. Gene 2019; 697:48-56. [PMID: 30790652 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal recessive disorder is closely correlated with congenital fetal malformation. The mutation of WDR35 may lead to short rib-polydactyly syndrome (SRP), asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD, Jeune syndrome) and Ellis van Creveld syndrome. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of WDR35 in fetal anomaly. RESULTS The fetuses presented malformation with abnormal head shape, cardiac dilatation, pericardial effusion, and non-displayed left pulmonary artery and left lung. After the detection of genomic DNA (gDNA) in amniotic fluid cells (AFC), chromosomal rearrangement was found in arr[hg19] 2p25.3p23.3. It was revealed through multiple PCR-DHPLC that MYCN, WDR35, LPIN1, ODC1, KLF11 and NBAS contained duplicated copy numbers in 2p25.3p23.3. AF-MSCs were mostly positive for CD44, CD105, negative for CD34 and CD14. Western Blot test showed that WDR35-encoded protein was decreased in the patients' AFC compared to that in normal pregnant women. In the patients' amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AF-MSCs), WDR35 overexpression could repair cilia formation, and the overexpression of WDR35 or Gli2 could significantly enhance ALP activity and expressions of osteogenic differentiation marker genes, including RUNXE2, OCN, BSP and ALP. However, WDR35 silencing in C3H10T1/2 cells could remarkably inhibit cilia formation and osteogenic differentiation. This inhibitory effect could be attenuated by Gli2 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated that copy number variation (CNV) of WDR35 may lead to skeletal dysplasia and fetal anomaly, and that down-regulated WDR35 may damage the cilia formation and sequentially indirectly regulate Gli signal, which would eventually result in negative regulation of osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongren Hu
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shurong Hong
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Huijing Dai
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shuzhen Lin
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Tingyu Yi
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Hongmei Zhuang
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, Fujian Province, China.
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43
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Guo LH, Cao Y, Zhuang RT, Han Y, Li J. Astragaloside IV promotes the proliferation and migration of osteoblast-like cells through the hedgehog signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:830-838. [PMID: 30535481 PMCID: PMC6317662 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.4013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of astragaloside IV on osteoblast-like cell proliferation and migration, in addition to the underlying signaling pathway. In order to observe the effect on proliferation, a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry were used. To detect cell migration ability, cell scratch and Transwell cell migration assays were performed. The RNA and protein expression levels of hedgehog signaling molecules, including Sonic hedgehog (SHH) and GLI family zinc finger 1 (GLI1), were examined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. To inhibit the hedgehog signaling pathway, cyclopamine was used. Astragaloside IV, at a dosage of 1×10−2µg/ml in MG-63 cells and 1×10−3µg/ml in U-2OS cells, resulted in the enhanced proliferation and migration of cells, and the gene expression levels of the SHH and GLI1 were significantly increased. The combination of astragaloside IV and cyclopamine reduced MG-63 and U-2OS cell proliferation and migration, and inhibited the gene expression of SHH and GLI1. Astragaloside IV enhanced the proliferation and migration of human osteoblast-like cells through activating the hedgehog signaling pathway. The results of the present study provide a rational for the mechanistic link in astragaloside IV promoting the proliferation and migration of osteoblasts via the hedgehog signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Guo
- Department of Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Integrated Emergency Dental Care, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Run-Tao Zhuang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Jiaotong University Community Health Center, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Yan Han
- Department of Stomatology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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Khatua S, Song A, Citla Sridhar D, Mack SC. Childhood Medulloblastoma: Current Therapies, Emerging Molecular Landscape and Newer Therapeutic Insights. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:1045-1058. [PMID: 29189165 PMCID: PMC6120114 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666171129111324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in children, currently treated uniformly based on histopathology and clinico-radiological risk stratification leading to unpredictable relapses and therapeutic failures. Identification of molecular subgroups have thrown light on the reasons for these and now reveals clues to profile molecularly based personalized therapy against these tumors. Methods: Research and online contents were evaluated for pediatric medulloblastoma which included latest information on the molecular subgroups and their clinical relevance and update on efforts to translate them into clinics. Results: Scientific endeavors over the last decade have clearly identified four molecular variants (WNT, SHH, Group 3, and Group 4) and their demographic, genomic, and epigenetic profile. Latest revelations include significant heterogeneity within these subgroups and 12 different subtypes of MB are now identified with disparate outcomes and biology. These findings have important implications for stratification and profiling future clinical trials against these formidable tumors. Conclusion: With the continued outpouring of genomic/epigenomic data of these molecular subgroups and evolution of further subtypes in each subgroup, the challenge lies in comprehensive evaluation of these informations. Current and future endeavors are now needed to profile personalized therapy for each child based on the molecular risk stratification of medulloblastoma, with a hope to improve survival outcome and reduce relapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Khatua
- Department of Pediatrics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Pediatrics Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Anne Song
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Pediatrics Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Divyaswathi Citla Sridhar
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Pediatrics Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Stephen C Mack
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Pediatrics Houston, Texas, United States
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45
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Kieran MW, Chisholm J, Casanova M, Brandes AA, Aerts I, Bouffet E, Bailey S, Leary S, MacDonald TJ, Mechinaud F, Cohen KJ, Riccardi R, Mason W, Hargrave D, Kalambakas S, Deshpande P, Tai F, Hurh E, Geoerger B. Phase I study of oral sonidegib (LDE225) in pediatric brain and solid tumors and a phase II study in children and adults with relapsed medulloblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2018; 19:1542-1552. [PMID: 28605510 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sonidegib (LDE225) is a potent, selective hedgehog (Hh) inhibitor of Smoothened. This study explored the safety and pharmacokinetics of sonidegib in children with relapsed/recurrent tumors followed by a phase II trial in pediatric and adult patients with relapsed medulloblastoma (MB) to assess tumor response. Methods Pediatric patients aged ≥1 to <18 years were included according to a Bayesian design starting at 372 mg/m2 of continuous once daily oral sonidegib. Tumor samples were analyzed for Hh pathway activation using a validated 5-gene Hh signature assay. In phase II, pediatric patients were treated at the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) while adults received 800 mg daily. Results Sixteen adult (16 MB) and 60 pediatric (39 MB, 21 other) patients with an age range of 2-17 years were enrolled. The RP2D of sonidegib in pediatric patients was established at 680 mg/m2 once daily. The phase II study was closed prematurely. The 5-gene Hh signature assay showed that the 4 complete responders (2 pediatric and 2 adult) and 1 partial responder (adult) all had Hh-activated tumors, while 5 patients with activated Hh had either stable disease (n = 3) or progressive disease (n = 2). No patient with an Hh-negative signature (n = 50) responded. The safety profile for pediatric patients was generally consistent with the one established for adult patients; however, growth plate changes were observed in prepubertal pediatric patients. Conclusions Sonidegib was well tolerated and the RP2D in pediatric patients was 680 mg/m2 once daily. Five of the 10 MB patients with activated Hh pathway demonstrated complete or partial responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Kieran
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Julia Chisholm
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Michela Casanova
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Alba A Brandes
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Aerts
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Eric Bouffet
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Simon Bailey
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Sarah Leary
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Tobey J MacDonald
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Francoise Mechinaud
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Kenneth J Cohen
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Riccardo Riccardi
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Warren Mason
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Darren Hargrave
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Priya Deshpande
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Feng Tai
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Birgit Geoerger
- Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Institute of Neurological Science, Bologna, Italy; Institut Curie and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Division of Haematology/Oncology at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK; Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Royal Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Oncology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA; Gustave Roussy, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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Shih S, Dai C, Ansari A, Urso BA, Laughlin AI, Solomon JA. Advances in genetic understanding of gorlin syndrome and emerging treatment options. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2018.1483233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Shih
- Department of Dermatology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida
| | - Christina Dai
- Department of Dermatology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida
| | - Ahmed Ansari
- Department of Dermatology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida
| | - Brittany A Urso
- Department of Dermatology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida
| | - Amy I Laughlin
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - James A Solomon
- Department of Dermatology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida
- University of Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, Illinois
- Ameriderm Research, Ormond Beach, FL
- Department of Dermatology, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL
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47
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Gordon RE, Zhang L, Peri S, Kuo YM, Du F, Egleston BL, Ng JMY, Andrews AJ, Astsaturov I, Curran T, Yang ZJ. Statins Synergize with Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitors for Treatment of Medulloblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:1375-1388. [PMID: 29437795 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The role of cholesterol biosynthesis in hedgehog pathway activity and progression of hedgehog pathway medulloblastoma (Hh-MB) were examined in vivo Statins, commonly used cholesterol-lowering agents, were utilized to validate cholesterol biosynthesis as a therapeutic target for Hh-MB.Experimental Design: Bioinformatic analysis was performed to evaluate the association between cholesterol biosynthesis with hedgehog group medulloblastoma in human biospecimens. Alterations in hedgehog signaling were evaluated in medulloblastoma cells after inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis. The progression of endogenous medulloblastoma in mice was examined after genetic blockage of cholesterol biosynthesis in tumor cells. Statins alone, or in combination with vismodegib (an FDA-approved Smoothened antagonist), were utilized to inhibit medulloblastoma growth in vivoResults: Cholesterol biosynthesis was markedly enhanced in Hh-MB from both humans and mice. Inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis dramatically decreased Hh pathway activity and reduced proliferation of medulloblastoma cells. Statins effectively inhibited medulloblastoma growth in vivo and functioned synergistically in combination with vismodegib.Conclusions: Cholesterol biosynthesis is required for Smoothened activity in the hedgehog pathway, and it is indispensable for the growth of Hh-MB. Targeting cholesterol biosynthesis represents a promising strategy for treatment of Hh-MB. Clin Cancer Res; 24(6); 1375-88. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata E Gordon
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suraj Peri
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yin-Ming Kuo
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Fang Du
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Brian L Egleston
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jessica M Y Ng
- Children's Research Institute, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Andrew J Andrews
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Igor Astsaturov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tom Curran
- Children's Research Institute, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Zeng-Jie Yang
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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48
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Wang S, Wei X, Sun X, Chen C, Zhou J, Zhang G, Wu H, Guo B, Wei L. A novel therapeutic strategy for cartilage diseases based on lipid nanoparticle-RNAi delivery system. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:617-631. [PMID: 29440889 PMCID: PMC5798567 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s142797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cartilage degeneration affects millions of people but preventing its degeneration is a big challenge. Although RNA interference (RNAi) has been used in human trials via silencing specific genes, the cartilage RNAi has not been possible to date because the cartilage is an avascular and very dense tissue with very low permeability. Purpose The objective of this study was to develop and validate a novel lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-siRNA delivery system that can prevent cartilage degeneration by knocking down specific genes. Methods LNP transfection efficiency was evaluated in vitro and ex vivo. Indian Hedgehog (Ihh) has been correlated with cartilage degeneration. The in vivo effects of LNP-Ihh siRNA complexes on cartilage degeneration were evaluated in a rat model of surgery-induced osteoarthritis (OA). Results In vitro, 100% of chondrocytes were transfected with siRNA in the LNP-siRNA group. In accordance with the cell culture results, red positive signals could be detected even in the deep layer of cartilage tissue cultures treated by LNP-beacon. In vivo data showed that LNP is specific for cartilage, since positive signals were detected by fluorescence molecular tomography and confocal microscopy in joint cartilage injected with LNP-beacon, but not on the surface of the synovium. In the rat model of OA, intraarticular injection of LNP-Ihh siRNA attenuated OA progression, and PCR results showed LNP-Ihh siRNA exerted a positive impact on anabolic metabolism and negative impact on catabolic metabolism. Conclusion This study demonstrates that our LNP-RNAi delivery system has a significantly chondroprotective effect that attenuates cartilage degeneration and holds great promise as a powerful tool for treatment of cartilage diseases by knocking down specific genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 2nd Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaochun Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 2nd Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaojuan Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 2nd Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Chongwei Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 2nd Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jingming Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ge Zhang
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Heng Wu
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Baosheng Guo
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 2nd Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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49
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Personalized therapy: CNS HGNET-BCOR responsiveness to arsenic trioxide combined with radiotherapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:114210-114225. [PMID: 29371980 PMCID: PMC5768397 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the central nervous system with BCOR alteration (HGNET-BCOR) is a rare, highly malignant tumor. At the time of this publication, no standard protocol exists to treat this tumor entity. In this work, we tested the responsiveness of the primary culture PhKh1 derived from tumor tissue from a pediatric HGNET-BCOR patient (P1) to inhibitors of the Sonic hedgehog pathway combined with radiation. The SMO inhibitors vismodegib and itraconazole had low effect on the proliferation of the PhKh1 cells. However, the GLI inhibitor arsenic trioxide reduced the expression of GLI target genes in the PhKh1 cells and in combination with radiotherapy significantly decreased their clonogenic potential. PhKh1 cells resistant to arsenic trioxide were characterized by the overexpression of molecular chaperones. We combined arsenic trioxide and radiation in the relapse therapy protocol of P1, achieving complete remission after seven weeks. Clinical remission lasted for six months, when P1 developed systemic metastases. Meanwhile, an increase in the concentration of circulating tumor DNA carrying a BCOR internal tandem duplication was observed. Molecular characterization of a second patient (P2) was also performed. In P2, we detected a larger tandem duplication and greater activation of the Sonic hedgehog pathway than in P1. These findings suggest that combining arsenic trioxide with radiotherapy may represent a new therapeutic approach. Moreover, peripheral blood analysis for circulating tumor DNA could help in the early detection of systemic metastases.
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50
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Liu Y, Yuelling LW, Wang Y, Du F, Gordon RE, O'Brien JA, Ng JMY, Robins S, Lee EH, Liu H, Curran T, Yang ZJ. Astrocytes Promote Medulloblastoma Progression through Hedgehog Secretion. Cancer Res 2017; 77:6692-6703. [PMID: 28986380 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes, the most abundant type of glial cells in the brain, play critical roles in supporting neuronal development and brain function. Although astrocytes have been frequently detected in brain tumors, including medulloblastoma (MB), their functions in tumorigenesis are not clear. Here, we demonstrate that astrocytes are essential components of the MB tumor microenvironment. Tumor-associated astrocytes (TAA) secrete the ligand sonic hedgehog (Shh), which is required for maintaining MB cell proliferation despite the absence of its primary receptor Patched-1 (Ptch1). Shh drives expression of Nestin in MB cells through a smoothened-dependent, but Gli1-independent mechanism. Ablation of TAA dramatically suppresses Nestin expression and blocks tumor growth. These findings demonstrate an indispensable role for astrocytes in MB tumorigenesis and reveal a novel Ptch1-independent Shh pathway involved in MB progression. Cancer Res; 77(23); 6692-703. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Liu
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Larra W Yuelling
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yuan Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Du
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Renata E Gordon
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jenny A O'Brien
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jessica M Y Ng
- Children's Research Institute, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Shannon Robins
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Eric H Lee
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hailong Liu
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tom Curran
- Children's Research Institute, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Zeng-Jie Yang
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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