1
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Kim HJ, Shin JA, Lee YG, Jin B, Lee WW, Lee Y, Choi SJ, Han JM, Ahn MH, Kim JH, Park DG, Hong SD, Kang SC, Cho SD. Zingiber officinale promotes autophagy and apoptosis in human oral cancer through the C/EBP homologous protein. Cancer Sci 2024. [PMID: 38888067 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The rhizome of Zingiber officinale (Z. officinale), commonly known as ginger, has been characterized as a potential drug candidate due to its antitumor effects. However, the chemotherapeutic effect of ginger on human oral cancer remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effects of an ethanol extract of Z. officinale rhizomes (ZOE) on oral cancer and identified the components responsible for its pharmacological activity. ZOE exerts its inhibitory activity in oral cancer by inducing both autophagy and apoptosis simultaneously. Mechanistically, ZOE-induced autophagy and apoptosis in oral cancer are attributed to the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress response. Additionally, we identified two active components of ZOE, 1-dehydro-6-gingerdione and 8-shogaol, which were sufficient to stimulate autophagy initiation and apoptosis induction by enhancing CHOP expression. These results suggest that ZOE and its two active components induce ROS generation, upregulate CHOP, initiate autophagy and apoptosis, and hold promising therapeutics against human oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ji Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Shin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Geun Lee
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Bohwan Jin
- Laboratory Animal Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Woo Lee
- Laboratory Animal Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yosub Lee
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jung Choi
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Han
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hye Ahn
- Chemical Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Guk Park
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Doo Hong
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Chan Kang
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Dae Cho
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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2
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García-López D, Zaragoza-Ojeda M, Eguía-Aguilar P, Arenas-Huertero F. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Gliomas: Exploiting a Dual-Effect Dysfunction through Chemical Pharmaceutical Compounds and Natural Derivatives for Therapeutical Uses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4078. [PMID: 38612890 PMCID: PMC11012637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum maintains proteostasis, which can be disrupted by oxidative stress, nutrient deprivation, hypoxia, lack of ATP, and toxicity caused by xenobiotic compounds, all of which can result in the accumulation of misfolded proteins. These stressors activate the unfolded protein response (UPR), which aims to restore proteostasis and avoid cell death. However, endoplasmic response-associated degradation (ERAD) is sometimes triggered to degrade the misfolded and unassembled proteins instead. If stress persists, cells activate three sensors: PERK, IRE-1, and ATF6. Glioma cells can use these sensors to remain unresponsive to chemotherapeutic treatments. In such cases, the activation of ATF4 via PERK and some proteins via IRE-1 can promote several types of cell death. The search for new antitumor compounds that can successfully and directly induce an endoplasmic reticulum stress response ranges from ligands to oxygen-dependent metabolic pathways in the cell capable of activating cell death pathways. Herein, we discuss the importance of the ER stress mechanism in glioma and likely therapeutic targets within the UPR pathway, as well as chemicals, pharmaceutical compounds, and natural derivatives of potential use against gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel García-López
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Patología Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (D.G.-L.); (M.Z.-O.); (P.E.-A.)
- Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Mexico City 03920, Mexico
| | - Montserrat Zaragoza-Ojeda
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Patología Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (D.G.-L.); (M.Z.-O.); (P.E.-A.)
| | - Pilar Eguía-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Patología Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (D.G.-L.); (M.Z.-O.); (P.E.-A.)
- Departamento de Patología Clínica y Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Francisco Arenas-Huertero
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Patología Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (D.G.-L.); (M.Z.-O.); (P.E.-A.)
- Centro de Investigación en Biomedicina y Bioseguridad, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
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3
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Dong J, Qian Y, Zhang W, Wang Q, Jia M, Yue J, Fan Z, Jiang Y, Wang L, Wang Y, Huang Z, Yu L, Wang Y. Dual targeting agent Thiotert inhibits the progression of glioblastoma by inducing ER stress-dependent autophagy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115867. [PMID: 38101281 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal type of tumor in the central nervous system, characterized by a high incidence and poor prognosis. Thiotert, as a novel dual targeting agent, has potential inhibitory effects on various tumors. Here, we found that Thiotert effectively inhibited the proliferation of GBM cells by inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest and suppressed the migratory ability in vitro. Furthermore, Thiotert disrupted the thioredoxin (Trx) system while causing cellular DNA damage, which in turn caused endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-dependent autophagy. Knockdown of ER stress-related protein ATF4 in U251 cells inhibited ER stress-dependent autophagy caused by Thiotert to some extent. Orthotopic transplantation experiments further showed that Thiotert had the same anti-GBM activity and mechanism as in vitro. Conclusively, these results suggest that Thiotert induces ER stress-dependent autophagy in GBM cells by disrupting redox homeostasis and causing DNA damage, which provides new insight for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Dong
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China; School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiming Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengxian Jia
- Department of Orthopedics (Spine Surgery), the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Juanqing Yue
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziwei Fan
- Department of Orthopedics (Spine Surgery), the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lipei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihui Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lushan Yu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China.
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4
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Wang L, Song R, Ma M, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Li J, Yang Z, Zhang L, Jing M, Wang X, Zhang M, Fan J. Inhibition of autophagy can promote the apoptosis of bladder cancer cells induced by SC66 through the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 384:110725. [PMID: 37741534 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is among the ten most prevalent cancer types worldwide, and its prognosis has not improved significantly in the past three decades because of cognitive limitations in the molecular mechanisms that drive the malignant progression of bladder cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify new therapeutic drugs or molecular targets to improve the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. SC66, a novel allosteric inhibitor of AKT, has recently been reported to exert potent anticancer effects on various cancer cells. However, the mechanisms underlying its anticancer effects in bladder cancer remain largely unknown. Consequently, this study aimed to conduct a series of molecular and cellular biology experiments to verify the anticancer effect and potential mechanism of action of SC66 in bladder cancer in vitro. A xenograft tumor model was established to confirm its anticancer role in vivo. Our results showed that SC66 inhibited cell proliferation, triggered mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, and initiated autophagy in bladder cancer cells dose-dependently. In addition, our results suggested that SC66-caused apoptosis and autophagy were endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent. Interestingly, the activation of autophagy can partially protect bladder cancer cells from apoptosis under endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by SC66 treatment. This study shows that SC66 exerts its anticancer impact on bladder cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. It also reveals that inhibiting autophagy can increase the cytotoxic effects of SC66 in bladder cancer. Overall, this is the first study on the anticancer effect of SC66 mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway and the first report on the AKT-independent anticancer mechanism of SC66 in bladder cancer. Conclusively, exploring the relationship between apoptosis, autophagy, and endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by SC66 indicates that SC66 is a promising novel agent for patients with bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rundong Song
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Minghai Ma
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuhang Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunzhong Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianpeng Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zezhong Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Minxuan Jing
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinyang Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengzhao Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jinhai Fan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.
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5
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D'Iglio C, Famulari S, Capparucci F, Gervasi C, Cuzzocrea S, Spanò N, Di Paola D. Toxic Effects of Gemcitabine and Paclitaxel Combination: Chemotherapy Drugs Exposure in Zebrafish. TOXICS 2023; 11:544. [PMID: 37368644 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11060544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are widely recognized as potentially hazardous to aquatic ecosystems. In the last two decades, the constant intake of biologically active chemicals used in human healthcare has been related to the growing release of these agents into natural environments. As reported by several studies, various pharmaceuticals have been detected, mainly in surface water (seas, lakes, and rivers), but also in groundwater and drinking water. Moreover, these contaminants and their metabolites can show biological activity even at very low concentrations. This study aimed to evaluate the developmental toxicity of exposure to the chemotherapy drugs gemcitabine and paclitaxel in aquatic environments. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to doses of gemcitabine 15 μM in combination with paclitaxel 1 μM from 0 to 96 h post-fertilization (hpf) using a fish embryo toxicity test (FET). This study highlights that both gemcitabine and paclitaxel exposure at single non-toxic concentrations affected survival and hatching rate, morphology score, and body length after exposure in combination. Additionally, exposure significantly disturbed the antioxidant defense system and increased ROS in zebrafish larvae. Gemcitabine and paclitaxel exposure caused changes in the expression of inflammation-related, endoplasmic reticulum stress-related (ERS), and autophagy-related genes. Taken together, our findings underline that gemcitabine and paclitaxel increase developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos in a time-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio D'Iglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Sergio Famulari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Fabiano Capparucci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Claudio Gervasi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 S. Grand Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Nunziacarla Spanò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Di Paola
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
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6
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Chang J, Yan S, Geng Z, Wang Z. The interaction between Hsp90-mediated unfolded protein response and autophagy contributes to As 3+/ Se 4+ combination-induced apoptosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 467:116511. [PMID: 37031722 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between the unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy plays either pro-survival or pro-apoptotic roles in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Our previous study has shown that the combination therapy of arsenite (As3+) and selenite (Se4+) induces apoptosis in APL NB4 cells, although the mechanisms are not clear. Here, we demonstrate that the interaction between heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90)-mediated UPR and autophagy is the core module for As3+/Se4+ combination-induced apoptosis. Hsp90 overexpression and knockdown assays indicate that Hsp90 inhibition by PERK modulates two branches of the UPR, leading to the activation of ATF4 and CHOP, causing the degradation of IRE1α and the dephosphorylation of eIF2α, thereby contributing to switching the cytoprotective UPR into an apoptotic pathway. Assays using pretreatment with inducers and inhibitors of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and autophagy reveal that autophagy is stimulated by ERS but suppressed by As3+/Se4+ combination via the mTOR signaling pathway. However, inhibition of autophagy decreases GRP78 expression and eIF2α phosphorylation, thereby further promoting ERS-induced apoptosis. Moreover, As3+/Se4+ combination blocks hepatic infiltration in an APL-NCG mouse model of extramedullary infiltration. Taken together, these findings provide novel agents and therapeutic approaches for APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shihai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zhirong Geng
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, PR China..
| | - Zhilin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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7
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Li Y, She W, Guo T, Huang T, Liu Y, Liu P, Xu X, Wang X, Wang M, Yu C, Liu Y, Wei Y. The organic arsenical-derived thioredoxin and glutathione system inhibitor ACZ2 induces apoptosis and autophagy in gastric cancer via ROS-dependent ER stress. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 208:115404. [PMID: 36592709 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Developing novel drugs for gastric cancer (GC) is greatly needed, and a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-modulating strategy has been demonstrated to be useful for cancer treatment. However, no organic arsenical-derived ROS-modulating drug has been developed in GC. Here, we constructed ACZ2 and investigated its efficacy and potential mechanism for GC in vitro and in vivo. Our data showed that ACZ2 could inhibit GC proliferation and cause G2/M phase arrest. Moreover, ACZ2 induced ROS accumulation by depleting glutathione (GSH) and TrxR1, triggering a subsequent ER stress response by activating the PERK/EIF2/ATF4/CHOP signalling pathways, which is a crucial step for ACZ2-mediated apoptosis and autophagy. Vitally, ROS scavenger (NAC) and ER stress inhibitor (4PBA) reversed ACZ2/ROS/ER stress-mediated apoptosis and autophagy. Our in vivo results clearly demonstrated that ACZ2 suppressed tumour growth in a GC xenograft model. Collectively, our data indicated that ACZ2 is a potential agent against GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center & Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wenyan She
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Tangxi Guo
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center & Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Tianhe Huang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center & Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center & Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center & Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiaoran Xu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center & Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center & Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center & Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chaochao Yu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Yongchang Wei
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center & Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan 430071, China.
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8
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Ma Y, Su Q, Yue C, Zou H, Zhu J, Zhao H, Song R, Liu Z. The Effect of Oxidative Stress-Induced Autophagy by Cadmium Exposure in Kidney, Liver, and Bone Damage, and Neurotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13491. [PMID: 36362277 PMCID: PMC9659299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposure to cadmium has been shown to induce kidney damage, liver injury, neurodegenerative disease, and osteoporosis. However, the mechanism by which cadmium induces autophagy in these diseases remains unclear. Studies have shown that cadmium is an effective inducer of oxidative stress, DNA damage, ER stress, and autophagy, which are thought to be adaptive stress responses that allow cells exposed to cadmium to survive in an adverse environment. However, excessive stress will cause tissue damage by inducing apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Evidently, oxidative stress-induced autophagy plays different roles in low- or high-dose cadmium exposure-induced cell damage, either causing apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis or inducing cell survival. Meanwhile, different cell types have different sensitivities to cadmium, which ultimately determines the fate of the cell. In this review, we provided a detailed survey of the current literature on autophagy in cadmium-induced tissue damage. A better understanding of the complex regulation of cell death by autophagy might contribute to the development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies to treat acute and chronic cadmium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qunchao Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chengguang Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiaqiao Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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9
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Field JT, Gordon JW. BNIP3 and Nix: Atypical regulators of cell fate. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119325. [PMID: 35863652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Since their discovery nearly 25 years ago, the BCL-2 family members BNIP3 and BNIP3L (aka Nix) have been labelled 'atypical'. Originally, this was because BNIP3 and Nix have divergent BH3 domains compared to other BCL-2 proteins. In addition, this atypical BH3 domain is dispensable for inducing cell death, which is also unusual for a 'death gene'. Instead, BNIP3 and Nix utilize a transmembrane domain, which allows for dimerization and insertion into and through organelle membranes to elicit cell death. Much has been learned regarding the biological function of these two atypical death genes, including their role in metabolic stress, where BNIP3 is responsive to hypoxia, while Nix responds variably to hypoxia and is also down-stream of PKC signaling and lipotoxic stress. Interestingly, both BNIP3 and Nix respond to signals related to cell atrophy. In addition, our current view of regulated cell death has expanded to include forms of necrosis such as necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and permeability transition-mediated cell death where BNIP3 and Nix have been shown to play context- and cell-type specific roles. Perhaps the most intriguing discoveries in recent years are the results demonstrating roles for BNIP3 and Nix outside of the purview of death genes, such as regulation of proliferation, differentiation/maturation, mitochondrial dynamics, macro- and selective-autophagy. We provide a historical and unbiased overview of these 'death genes', including new information related to alternative splicing and post-translational modification. In addition, we propose to redefine these two atypical members of the BCL-2 family as versatile regulators of cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared T Field
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Science, University of Manitoba, Canada; The Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Joseph W Gordon
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Science, University of Manitoba, Canada; College of Nursing, Rady Faculty of Health Science, University of Manitoba, Canada; The Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
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10
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Yu X, Xu X, Dong W, Yang C, Luo Y, He Y, Jiang C, Wu Y, Wang J. DDIT3/CHOP mediates the inhibitory effect of ER stress on chondrocyte differentiation by AMPKα-SIRT1 pathway. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119265. [PMID: 35381294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is an evolutionarily conserved cellular stress response related to multiple diseases, including temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage-related diseases. Recent studies have indicated that DDIT3/CHOP (a downstream transcription factor of ER stress) is an important effector in mediating ER stress to inhibit chondrogenesis. However, the underlying mechanism by which DDIT3 regulates chondrogenesis remains unclear. In this study, tunicamycin (an ER stress agonist)-induced ER stress inhibited chondrocyte differentiation and matrix synthesis in vitro and led to an osteoarthritis-like phenotype in mouse TMJ cartilage. Meanwhile, DDIT3 expression in chondrocytes was robustly upregulated. Loss-of-function experiments validated the inhibiting effect of DDIT3 on chondrocyte differentiation and matrix synthesis. Mechanistically, the inhibiting effect was attributed to the direct and indirect regulatory effect of DDIT3 on SIRT1 (sirtuin1, silent mating type information regulation protein type 1, a member of NAD+ dependent class III histone deacetylases). On one hand, DDIT3 directly promoted the transcription of SIRT1. On the other hand, DDIT3 indirectly increased the expression of SIRT1 by promoting AMPKα phosphorylation and activation. Furthermore, activation of AMPKα or SIRT1 with the corresponding agonist AICAR or resveratrol in the DDIT3-knockdown cells partially restored the inhibiting effect of DDIT3 on chondrocyte differentiation and matrix synthesis. Collectively, these novel findings indicate that DDIT3 regulates the inhibitory effect of ER stress on chondrocyte differentiation and matrix synthesis partially via the AMPKα-SIRT1 pathway. A thorough understanding of ER stress in regulating chondrocyte homeostasis and its role in the onset of osteoarthritis may be promising to develop therapeutic targets and prevent condyle cartilage destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijie Yu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Wei Dong
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Chang Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Yao Luo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Ying He
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Chenxi Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China; Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Yanru Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
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11
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Pradhan B, Kim H, Abassi S, Ki JS. Toxic Effects and Tumor Promotion Activity of Marine Phytoplankton Toxins: A Review. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14060397. [PMID: 35737058 PMCID: PMC9229940 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14060397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytoplankton are photosynthetic microorganisms in aquatic environments that produce many bioactive substances. However, some of them are toxic to aquatic organisms via filter-feeding and are even poisonous to humans through the food chain. Human poisoning from these substances and their serious long-term consequences have resulted in several health threats, including cancer, skin disorders, and other diseases, which have been frequently documented. Seafood poisoning disorders triggered by phytoplankton toxins include paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP), neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP), amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP), diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP), ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), and azaspiracid shellfish poisoning (AZP). Accordingly, identifying harmful shellfish poisoning and toxin-producing species and their detrimental effects is urgently required. Although the harmful effects of these toxins are well documented, their possible modes of action are insufficiently understood in terms of clinical symptoms. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding phytoplankton toxins and their detrimental consequences, including tumor-promoting activity. The structure, source, and clinical symptoms caused by these toxins, as well as their molecular mechanisms of action on voltage-gated ion channels, are briefly discussed. Moreover, the possible stress-associated reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related modes of action are summarized. Finally, we describe the toxic effects of phytoplankton toxins and discuss future research in the field of stress-associated ROS-related toxicity. Moreover, these toxins can also be used in different pharmacological prospects and can be established as a potent pharmacophore in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jang-Seu Ki
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2287-5449; Fax: +82-2-2287-0070
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12
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Vieira AM, Silvestre OF, Silva BF, Ferreira CJ, Lopes I, Gomes AC, Espiña B, Sárria MP. pH-sensitive nanoliposomes for passive and CXCR-4-mediated marine yessotoxin delivery for cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:717-739. [PMID: 35481356 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Yessotoxin (YTX), a marine-derived drug, was encapsulated in PEGylated pH-sensitive nanoliposomes, covalently functionalized (strategy I) with SDF-1α and by nonspecific adsorption (strategy II), to actively target chemokine receptor CXCR-4. Methods: Cytotoxicity to normal human epithelial cells (HK-2) and prostate (PC-3) and breast (MCF-7) adenocarcinoma models, with different expression levels of CXCR-4, were tested. Results: Strategy II exerted the highest cytotoxicity toward cancer cells while protecting normal epithelia. Acid pH-induced fusion of nanoliposomes seemed to serve as a primary route of entry into MCF-7 cells but PC-3 data support an endocytic pathway for their internalization. Conclusion: This work describes an innovative hallmark in the current marine drug clinical pipeline, as the developed nanoliposomes are promising candidates in the design of groundbreaking marine flora-derived anticancer nanoagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mg Vieira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenida Mestre José Veiga, Braga, 4715-330, Portugal.,Centre of Molecular & Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Oscar F Silvestre
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenida Mestre José Veiga, Braga, 4715-330, Portugal
| | - Bruno Fb Silva
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenida Mestre José Veiga, Braga, 4715-330, Portugal
| | - Celso Jo Ferreira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenida Mestre José Veiga, Braga, 4715-330, Portugal.,Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e do Porto (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Ivo Lopes
- Centre of Molecular & Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Andreia C Gomes
- Centre of Molecular & Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.,Institute of Science & Innovation for Biosustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Begoña Espiña
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenida Mestre José Veiga, Braga, 4715-330, Portugal
| | - Marisa P Sárria
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenida Mestre José Veiga, Braga, 4715-330, Portugal
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13
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Pradhan B, Ki JS. Phytoplankton Toxins and Their Potential Therapeutic Applications: A Journey toward the Quest for Potent Pharmaceuticals. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20040271. [PMID: 35447944 PMCID: PMC9030253 DOI: 10.3390/md20040271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytoplankton are prominent organisms that contain numerous bioactive substances and secondary metabolites, including toxins, which can be valuable to pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and biotechnological industries. Studies on toxins produced by phytoplankton such as cyanobacteria, diatoms, and dinoflagellates have become more prevalent in recent years and have sparked much interest in this field of research. Because of their richness and complexity, they have great potential as medicinal remedies and biological exploratory probes. Unfortunately, such toxins are still at the preclinical and clinical stages of development. Phytoplankton toxins are harmful to other organisms and are hazardous to animals and human health. However, they may be effective as therapeutic pharmacological agents for numerous disorders, including dyslipidemia, obesity, cancer, diabetes, and hypertension. In this review, we have focused on the properties of different toxins produced by phytoplankton, as well as their beneficial effects and potential biomedical applications. The anticancer properties exhibited by phytoplankton toxins are mainly attributed to their apoptotic effects. As a result, phytoplankton toxins are a promising strategy for avoiding postponement or cancer treatment. Moreover, they also displayed promising applications in other ailments and diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, AIDS, fungal, bacterial, schizophrenia, inflammation, allergy, osteoporosis, asthma, and pain. Preclinical and clinical applications of phytoplankton toxins, as well as future directions of their enhanced nano-formulations for improved clinical efficacy, have also been reviewed.
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14
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Louzao MC, Vilariño N, Vale C, Costas C, Cao A, Raposo-Garcia S, Vieytes MR, Botana LM. Current Trends and New Challenges in Marine Phycotoxins. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20030198. [PMID: 35323497 PMCID: PMC8950113 DOI: 10.3390/md20030198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine phycotoxins are a multiplicity of bioactive compounds which are produced by microalgae and bioaccumulate in the marine food web. Phycotoxins affect the ecosystem, pose a threat to human health, and have important economic effects on aquaculture and tourism worldwide. However, human health and food safety have been the primary concerns when considering the impacts of phycotoxins. Phycotoxins toxicity information, often used to set regulatory limits for these toxins in shellfish, lacks traceability of toxicity values highlighting the need for predefined toxicological criteria. Toxicity data together with adequate detection methods for monitoring procedures are crucial to protect human health. However, despite technological advances, there are still methodological uncertainties and high demand for universal phycotoxin detectors. This review focuses on these topics, including uncertainties of climate change, providing an overview of the current information as well as future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carmen Louzao
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (N.V.); (C.V.); (C.C.); (A.C.); (S.R.-G.)
- Correspondence: (M.C.L.); (L.M.B.)
| | - Natalia Vilariño
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (N.V.); (C.V.); (C.C.); (A.C.); (S.R.-G.)
| | - Carmen Vale
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (N.V.); (C.V.); (C.C.); (A.C.); (S.R.-G.)
| | - Celia Costas
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (N.V.); (C.V.); (C.C.); (A.C.); (S.R.-G.)
| | - Alejandro Cao
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (N.V.); (C.V.); (C.C.); (A.C.); (S.R.-G.)
| | - Sandra Raposo-Garcia
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (N.V.); (C.V.); (C.C.); (A.C.); (S.R.-G.)
| | - Mercedes R. Vieytes
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | - Luis M. Botana
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (N.V.); (C.V.); (C.C.); (A.C.); (S.R.-G.)
- Correspondence: (M.C.L.); (L.M.B.)
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15
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Di Paola D, Natale S, Iaria C, Cordaro M, Crupi R, Siracusa R, D’Amico R, Fusco R, Impellizzeri D, Cuzzocrea S, Spanò N, Gugliandolo E, Peritore AF. Intestinal Disorder in Zebrafish Larvae (Danio rerio): The Protective Action of N-Palmitoylethanolamide-oxazoline. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12010125. [PMID: 35054518 PMCID: PMC8778351 DOI: 10.3390/life12010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IBD (Inflammatory Bowel Disease) is an inflammatory disease affecting the gastrointestinal tract that is common in both humans and veterinarians. Several studies have revealed the pharmacological properties of the oxazoline of palmitoylethanolamide (PEAOXA). Zebrafish larvae were exposed to sodium dextran sulphate (DSS) to induce enterocolitis and study the protective action of PEAOXA. After repetitive exposure with 0.25% DSS, larvae presented gut alteration with an increase in mucus production. Furthermore, DSS exposure induced an increase in the inflammatory pathway in the intestine, related to an increase in the Endoplasmic-reticulum (ER) stress genes. PEAOXA exposure at a concentration of 10 mg/L decreased the DSS-induced gut damage and mucus production, as well as being able to reduce the inflammatory and ER stress-related genes expression. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the alterations induced by repeated exposure to DSS were counteracted by PEAOXA action that was able to inhibit the increase in inflammation and ER stress involved in the progression of enterocolitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Di Paola
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (S.N.); (C.I.); (R.S.); (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (A.F.P.)
| | - Sabrina Natale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (S.N.); (C.I.); (R.S.); (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (A.F.P.)
| | - Carmelo Iaria
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (S.N.); (C.I.); (R.S.); (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (A.F.P.)
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.C.); (E.G.)
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (S.N.); (C.I.); (R.S.); (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (A.F.P.)
| | - Ramona D’Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (S.N.); (C.I.); (R.S.); (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (A.F.P.)
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (S.N.); (C.I.); (R.S.); (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (A.F.P.)
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (S.N.); (C.I.); (R.S.); (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (A.F.P.)
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (S.N.); (C.I.); (R.S.); (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (A.F.P.)
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (N.S.); Tel.: +39-90-6765208 (S.C.); +39-90-6765210 (N.S.)
| | - Nunziacarla Spanò
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (N.S.); Tel.: +39-90-6765208 (S.C.); +39-90-6765210 (N.S.)
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.C.); (E.G.)
| | - Alessio Filippo Peritore
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (S.N.); (C.I.); (R.S.); (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (A.F.P.)
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16
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Dučić T, Ninkovic M, Martínez-Rovira I, Sperling S, Rohde V, Dimitrijević D, Jover Mañas GV, Vaccari L, Birarda G, Yousef I. Live-Cell Synchrotron-Based FTIR Evaluation of Metabolic Compounds in Brain Glioblastoma Cell Lines after Riluzole Treatment. Anal Chem 2021; 94:1932-1940. [PMID: 34965097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor, characterized by short median survival and an almost 100% tumor-related mortality. The standard of care treatment for newly diagnosed GBM includes surgical resection followed by concomitant radiochemotherapy. The prevention of disease progression fails due to the poor therapeutic effect caused by the great molecular heterogeneity of this tumor. Previously, we exploited synchrotron radiation-based soft X-ray tomography and hard X-ray fluorescence for elemental microimaging of the shock-frozen GBM cells. The present study focuses instead on the biochemical profiling of live GBM cells and provides new insight into tumor heterogenicity. We studied bio-macromolecular changes by exploring the live-cell synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) microspectroscopy in a set of three GBM cell lines, including the patient-derived glioblastoma cell line, before and after riluzole treatment, a medicament with potential anticancer properties. SR-FTIR microspectroscopy shows that GBM live cells of different origins recruit different organic compounds. The riluzole treatment of all GBM cell lines mainly affected carbohydrate metabolism and the DNA structure. Lipid structures and protein secondary conformation are affected as well by the riluzole treatment: cellular proteins assumed cross β-sheet conformation while parallel β-sheet conformation was less represented for all GBM cells. Moreover, we hope that a new live-cell approach for GBM simultaneous treatment and examination can be devised to target cancer cells more specifically, i.e., future therapies can develop more specific treatments according to the specific bio-macromolecular signature of each tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Dučić
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Milena Ninkovic
- The Translational Neurooncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Immaculada Martínez-Rovira
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.,Ionizing Radiation Research Group, Physics Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Swetlana Sperling
- The Translational Neurooncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Veit Rohde
- The Translational Neurooncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dragoljub Dimitrijević
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Lisa Vaccari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163, 5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giovanni Birarda
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163, 5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ibraheem Yousef
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Omeljaniuk WJ, Krętowski R, Ratajczak-Wrona W, Jabłońska E, Cechowska-Pasko M. Novel Dual PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor, Apitolisib (GDC-0980), Inhibits Growth and Induces Apoptosis in Human Glioblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111511. [PMID: 34768941 PMCID: PMC8583746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling commonly exists in glioblastoma, making this axis an attractive target for therapeutic manipulation. Given that activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR promotes tumour growth, metastasis, and resistance to anticancer therapies, mTOR inhibitors show promise in the treatment of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of novel dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, Apitolisib (GDC-0980), in A-172 and U-118-MG GBM tumour cell line suppression. It has been demonstrated that GDC-0980 induces time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity and apoptosis in investigated glioma cell lines. In our study, the strongest induction of apoptosis was exhibited in the A-172 line after 48 h of incubation with 20 µM GDC-0980, where we observed 46.47% of apoptotic cells. In conclusion, we first discovered that dual PI3K/mTOR blockade by GDC-0980 markedly suppressed survival of human GBM cells and induced apoptosis, independent of the ER stress-mediated DR5 activation. We suggest that GDC-0980, by exerting an inhibitory effect on PERK expression, may thus block its inhibitory effect on protein synthesis, leading to intensification of translation, and this may result in an increase in apoptosis. On the other hand, CHOP stimulates protein synthesis and increases apoptosis. These findings suggest that GDC-0980 may be a candidate for further evaluation as a chemotherapeutic agent for anti-GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioleta Justyna Omeljaniuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (W.J.O.); (R.K.)
| | - Rafał Krętowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (W.J.O.); (R.K.)
| | - Wioletta Ratajczak-Wrona
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (W.R.-W.); (E.J.)
| | - Ewa Jabłońska
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (W.R.-W.); (E.J.)
| | - Marzanna Cechowska-Pasko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (W.J.O.); (R.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +48-85-748-56-91
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18
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Zhang L, Wang Y, Pan RL, Li Y, Hu YQ, Xv H, Zhu C, Wang X, Yin JW, Ma KT, Zhao D. Neuritin attenuates oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced neuronal injury by promoting autophagic flux. Exp Cell Res 2021; 407:112832. [PMID: 34536391 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The autophagy/apoptosis interaction has always been a focus of study in pathogenicity models. Neuritin is a neurotrophic factor that is highly expressed primarily in the central nervous system. Our previous study revealed that it protects against apoptosis in cortical neurons subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)/reoxygenation (OGD/R), and later animal experiments revealed that it can increase the expression of the autophagy-related protein LC3. Whether this neuroprotective effect is closely related to autophagy is still unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that neuritin can promote autophagic flux to protect nerve cells after OGD/R. To verify this hypothesis, we induced OGD/R in primary cortical neurons and assessed cell viability by the CCK8 and LDH assays. Cell apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V-FITC/PI, staining, and the contents and mRNA abundances of the autophagy-related proteins LC3 and p62, the apoptotic protein Caspase3 were quantified by Western blotting and RT-PCR. Autophagic flux was assessed by immunofluorescence after RFP-GFP-LC3 virus transfection, and ultrastructural changes in autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that cell viability was decreased, apoptosis was increased and autophagy was enhanced after OGD/R. Neuritin significantly increased cell viability, decreased apoptosis, further increased the expression of the autophagic flux-related protein LC3, further decreased p62 expression, and significantly increased the autophagosome number and autophagosome to lysosome ratio. Bafilomycin A1 (BafA1) is a late autophagy inhibitor, aggravated cell damage and apoptosis and counteracted the enhancement of autophagy activation and protective effects of neuritin. In conclusion, neuritin may promote the completion of autophagic flux by ameliorating neuronal damage after OGD/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Rong-Ling Pan
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Yu-Qi Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Hui Xv
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Xv Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Jiang-Wen Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Ke-Tao Ma
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shihezi University and the Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China.
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19
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Wu Z, Wang F, Hu L, Zhang J, Chen D, Zhao S. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related autophagy attenuates MCLR-induced apoptosis in zebrafish testis and mouse TM4 cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 221:112438. [PMID: 34175825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-leucine arginine (MCLR), a widespread environmental contaminant produced by cyanobacteria, poses a severe threat to the male reproductive system. However, the mechanisms of MCLR-induced testis injury accompanied by autophagy are still obscure. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MCLR on autophagy and apoptosis on the male reproductive system and its mechanism both in vitro and in vivo. MCLR caused damage to the testis of zebrafish, resulting in decreased hatching and growth retardation in the offspring. It also remarkably enhanced autophagic flux by elevating the expression of LC3BII, ATG5, and ATG12 proteins. The autophagic flux was also confirmed through the formation of autophagosomes in the ultrastructure of the zebrafish testis and the accumulation of LC3-positive puncta in zebrafish testis and mouse TM4 cells. Further evaluations revealed that inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) significantly attenuated MCLR-induced apoptosis. This finding indicated that autophagy plays an essential role in cell death in the male reproductive system. Besides, inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress using 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) remarkably blocked autophagy and partially suppressed apoptosis in TM4 cells induced by MCLR. This phenomenon suggested that ER stress-related autophagy was involved in MCLR-induced apoptosis. This study reveals crosstalk between ER stress and autophagy via the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 signaling pathway. It further suggests that ER stress-related autophagy contributes to MCLR-induced apoptosis and injury in the male reproductive system. These findings provide a novel insight into MCLR-induced impairments of the testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiwei Wu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Liwen Hu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jianrong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Daojun Chen
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Sujuan Zhao
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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20
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Manjunatha B, Deekshitha B, Seo E, Kim J, Lee SJ. Developmental toxicity induced by particulate matter (PM 2.5) in zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 238:105928. [PMID: 34358787 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Contemporary research in epidemiology has found that being exposed to air pollution at an early stage of life has associations with both acute and chronic conditions of the multi-organs. Nevertheless, the reasons for this have yet to be fully explained. Because of this there is a need for a robust investigation into the damaging toxic influence of diesel particulate matter (PM2.5) on living organisms. This study is aimed to investigate the developmental toxicity of PM2.5 by using zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo/larvae as a disease model and to understand the toxicity effects of PM2.5 on ecological environment more thoroughly. This research demonstrates that being exposed to PM2.5 leads to a significant increase in mortality, effective developmental morphology, reductions in hatching rates and lower heart rates in zebrafish. Additionally, it leads to increases in the length of string heart, area of pericardium, and apoptosis, reduces the number of normal intersegmental vessels (ISVs) and motor neurons in the trunk region and liver formation defects in zebrafish embryos. Investigation employing a scanning electron microscope demonstrates that being exposed to PM2.5 leads to damage in zebrafish larvae skin cell layers. Histological analysis demonstrates that when these larvae are treated with PM2.5 then abnormalities occur in the neurons, liver, heart, gills, brain, and eyes, and remarkable increase in in the cellular/subcellular levels of organelle dissolution. These findings are useful to help us understand the pathophysiological influence of being exposed to PM2.5 on the multi-organ defects of zebrafish. More research into which particular elements that make up diesel pollution contribute to this toxicity is needed so that the dangers to development can be further analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangeppagari Manjunatha
- Center for Biofluid and Biomimic Research, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - B Deekshitha
- Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana 500003, India
| | - Eunseok Seo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Jeongju Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Sang Joon Lee
- Center for Biofluid and Biomimic Research, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea.
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21
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Saran U, Tyagi A, Chandrasekaran B, Ankem MK, Damodaran C. The role of autophagy in metal-induced urogenital carcinogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 76:247-257. [PMID: 33798723 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Environmental and/or occupational exposure to metals such as Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), and Chromium (Cr) have been shown to induce carcinogenesis in various organs, including the urogenital system. However, the mechanisms responsible for metal-induced carcinogenesis remain elusive. We and others have shown that metals are potent inducers of autophagy, which has been suggested to be an adaptive stress response to allow metal-exposed cells to survive in hostile environments. Albeit few, recent experimental studies have shown that As and Cd promote tumorigenesis via autophagy and that inhibition of autophagic signaling suppressed metal-induced carcinogenesis. In light of the newly emerging role of autophagic involvement in metal-induced carcinogenesis, the present review focuses explicitly on the mechanistic role of autophagy and potential signaling pathways involved in As-, Cd-, and Cr-induced urogenital carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttara Saran
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Ashish Tyagi
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | | | - Murali K Ankem
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Chendil Damodaran
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States; College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M, College Station, TX, United States.
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22
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Üstüner MC, Tanrikut C, Üstüner D, Kolaç UK, Köroğlu ZÖ, Burukoğlu D, Entok E. The effect of baicalein on endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy on liver damage. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1624-1633. [PMID: 33779329 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211003634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a toxic chemical that causes liver injury. CCl4 triggers endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR). UPR triggers autophagy to deal with the damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of baicalein, derived from Scutellaria baicalensis, on CCl4-induced liver damage concerning ER stress and autophagy. Two groups of Wistar albino rats (n = 7/groups) were treated with 0.2 ml/kg CCl4 for 10 days with and without baicalein. Histological and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, autophagy, and ER stress markers measurements were carried out to evaluate the effect of baicalein. Histological examinations showed that baicalein reduced liver damage. TEM analysis indicated that baicalein inhibited ER stress and triggered autophagy. CCl4-induced elevation of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), glucose-regulating protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), inositol requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), pancreatic ER kinase (PERK), and active/spliced form of X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1s) ER stress markers were decreased by baicalein. Baicalein also increased the autophagy-related 5 (ATG5), Beclin1, and Microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3-phosphatidylethanolamine-conjugated form (LC3-II) autophagy marker levels. In conclusion, baicalein reduced the CCl4-induced liver damage by inhibiting ER stress and the trigger of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Üstüner
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - C Tanrikut
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - D Üstüner
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Vocational School of Health Services, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - U K Kolaç
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Efeler, Turkey
| | - Z Özdemir Köroğlu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - D Burukoğlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - E Entok
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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23
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Giamogante F, Poggio E, Barazzuol L, Covallero A, Calì T. Apoptotic signals at the endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria interface. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2021; 126:307-343. [PMID: 34090618 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance of cellular homeostasis involves the participation of multiple organelles, such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Specifically, ER plays a key role in calcium (Ca2+) storage, lipid synthesis, protein folding, and assembly, while mitochondria are the "energy factories" and provide energy to drive intracellular processes. Hence, alteration in ER or mitochondrial homeostasis has detrimental effects on cell survival, being linked to the triggering of apoptosis, a programmed form of cell death. Besides, ER stress conditions affect mitochondria functionality and vice-versa, as ER and mitochondria communicate via mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) to carry out a number of fundamental cellular functions. It is not surprising, thus, that also MAMs perturbations are involved in the regulation of apoptosis. This chapter intends to accurately discuss the involvement of MAMs in apoptosis, highlighting their crucial role in controlling this delicate cellular process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Giamogante
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Poggio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Barazzuol
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Covallero
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Tito Calì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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24
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Yu Q, Yang S, Li Z, Zhu Y, Li Z, Zhang J, Li C, Feng F, Wang W, Zhang Q. The relationship between endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells induced by cigarette smoke condensate. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:18-28. [PMID: 33613969 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is one of the severe risk factors for the development of the pulmonary disease. However, the underlying mechanisms, especially the CS-induced the human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) apoptosis related to endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and autophagy, remains to be studied. This study aims to investigate the relationship between ERS and autophagy in apoptosis induced by CS condensate (CSC). BEAS-2B cells were stimulated with 0.02, 0.04 and 0.08 mg/ml CSC for 24 h to detect the ERS, autophagy and apoptosis. Then, ERS and autophagy of BEAS-2B cells were inhibited, respectively, by using 4-PBA and 3-MA, and followed by CSC treatment. The results showed that CSC decreased cell viability, increased cell apoptosis, elevated cleaved-caspase 3/pro-caspase 3 ratio and Bax expressions, but decreased Bcl-2 expressions. The GRP78 and CHOP expressions and LC3-II/LC3-I ratio were dose-dependently increased. The structure of the endoplasmic reticulum was abnormal and the number of autolysosomes was increased in BEAS-2B cells after CSC stimulation. The LC3-II/LC3-I ratio was decreased after ERS inhibition with 4-PBA, but GRP78 and CHOP expressions were enhanced after autophagy inhibition with 3-MA. CSC-induced apoptosis was further increased, Bax expressions and cleaved-caspase 3/pro-caspase 3 ratio were improved, but Bcl-2 expressions were decreased after 3-MA or 4-PBA treatment. In conclusion, the study indicates that ERS may repress apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells induced by CSC via activating autophagy, but autophagy relieves ERS in a negative feedback. This study provides better understanding and experimental support on the underlying mechanisms of pulmonary disease stimulated by CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yu
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Sa Yang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhongqiu Li
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yonghang Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhenkai Li
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jiatong Zhang
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chunyang Li
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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25
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Zielke S, Kardo S, Zein L, Mari M, Covarrubias-Pinto A, Kinzler MN, Meyer N, Stolz A, Fulda S, Reggiori F, Kögel D, van Wijk S. ATF4 links ER stress with reticulophagy in glioblastoma cells. Autophagy 2020; 17:2432-2448. [PMID: 33111629 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1827780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective degradation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER; reticulophagy) is a type of autophagy involved in the removal of ER fragments. So far, amino acid starvation as well as ER stress have been described as inducers of reticulophagy, which in turn restores cellular energy levels and ER homeostasis. Here, we explored the autophagy-inducing mechanisms that underlie the autophagic cell death (ACD)-triggering compound loperamide (LOP) in glioblastoma cells. Interestingly, LOP triggers upregulation of the transcription factor ATF4, which is accompanied by the induction of additional ER stress markers. Notably, knockout of ATF4 significantly attenuated LOP-induced autophagy and ACD. Functionally, LOP also specifically induces the engulfment of large ER fragments within autophagosomes and lysosomes as determined by electron and fluorescence microscopy. LOP-induced reticulophagy and cell death are predominantly mediated through the reticulophagy receptor RETREG1/FAM134B and, to a lesser extent, TEX264, confirming that reticulophagy receptors can promote ACD. Strikingly, apart from triggering LOP-induced autophagy and ACD, ATF4 is also required for LOP-induced reticulophagy. These observations highlight a key role for ATF4, RETREG1 and TEX264 in response to LOP-induced ER stress, reticulophagy and ACD, and establish a novel mechanistic link between ER stress and reticulophagy, with possible implications for additional models of drug-induced ER stress.Abbreviations: ACD: autophagic cell death; ATF6: activating transcription factor 6; ATL3: atlastin 3; BafA1: bafilomycin A1; CCPG1: cell cycle progression gene 1; co-IP: co-immunoprecipitation; DDIT3/CHOP: DNA damage inducible transcript 3; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; EIF2A/eIF2α: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A; EIF2AK3/PERK: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3; ERN1/IRE1α: endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1; GABARAP: GABA type A receptor-associated protein; GBM: glioblastoma multiforme; HSPA5/BiP: heat shock protein family (Hsp70) member 5; LOP: loperamide; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; RETREG1/FAM134B: reticulophagy regulator 1; RTN3L: reticulon 3 long; SEC62: SEC62 homolog, protein translocation factor; TEX264: testis-expressed 264, reticulophagy receptor; UPR: unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Zielke
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Simon Kardo
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Laura Zein
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Muriel Mari
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adriana Covarrubias-Pinto
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe-University - Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maximilian N Kinzler
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nina Meyer
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexandra Stolz
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe-University - Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.,Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Simone Fulda
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fulvio Reggiori
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Donat Kögel
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Germany.,Experimental Neurosurgery, Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sjoerd van Wijk
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
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26
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Dyshlovoy SA. Blue-Print Autophagy in 2020: A Critical Review. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18090482. [PMID: 32967369 PMCID: PMC7551687 DOI: 10.3390/md18090482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an elegant and complex biological process that has recently attracted much attention from the scientific community. The compounds which are capable of control and modulation of this process have a promising potential as therapeutics for a number of pathological conditions, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. At the same time, due to the relatively young age of the field, there are still some pitfalls in the autophagy monitoring assays and interpretation of the experimental data. This critical review provides an overview of the marine natural compounds, which have been reported to affect autophagy. The time period from the beginning of 2016 to the middle of 2020 is covered. Additionally, the published data and conclusions based on the experimental results are re-analyzed with regard to the guidelines developed by Klionsky and colleagues (Autophagy. 2016; 12(1): 1–222), which are widely accepted by the autophagy research community. Remarkably and surprisingly, more than half of the compounds reported to be autophagy activators or inhibitors could not ultimately be assigned to either category. The experimental data reported for those substances could indicate both autophagy activation and inhibition, requiring further investigation. Thus, the reviewed molecules were divided into two groups: having validated and non-validated autophagy modulatory effects. This review gives an analysis of the recent updates in the field and raises an important problem of standardization in the experimental design and data interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Dyshlovoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
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27
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Thayyullathil F, Cheratta AR, Pallichankandy S, Subburayan K, Tariq S, Rangnekar VM, Galadari S. Par-4 regulates autophagic cell death in human cancer cells via upregulating p53 and BNIP3. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118692. [PMID: 32135176 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4) is a tumor suppressor protein that selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Although the mechanism of Par-4-mediated induction of apoptosis has been well studied, the involvement of Par-4 in other mechanisms of cell death such as autophagy is unclear. We investigated the mechanism involved in Par-4-mediated autophagic cell death in human malignant glioma. We demonstrate for the first time that the tumor suppressor lipid, ceramide (Cer), causes Par-4 induction, leading to autophagic cell death in human malignant glioma. Furthermore, we identified the tumor suppressor protein p53 and BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) as downstream targets of Par-4 during Cer-mediated autophagic cell death. RNAi-mediated down-regulation of Par-4 blocks Cer-induced p53-BNIP3 activation and autophagic cell death, while upregulation of Par-4 augmented p53-BNIP3 activation and autophagic cell death. Remarkably, in many instances, Par-4 overexpression alone was sufficient to induce cell death which is associated with features of autophagy. Interestingly, similar results were seen when glioma cells were exposed to classical autophagy inducers such as serum starvation, arsenic trioxide, and curcumin. Collectively, the novel Par-4-p53-BNIP3 axis plays a crucial role in autophagy-mediated cell death in human malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Thayyullathil
- Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Division of Science (Biology), Experimental Research Building, New York University, Abu Dhabi, P. O. Box. 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anees Rahman Cheratta
- Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Division of Science (Biology), Experimental Research Building, New York University, Abu Dhabi, P. O. Box. 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Siraj Pallichankandy
- Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Division of Science (Biology), Experimental Research Building, New York University, Abu Dhabi, P. O. Box. 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Karthikeyan Subburayan
- Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Division of Science (Biology), Experimental Research Building, New York University, Abu Dhabi, P. O. Box. 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saeed Tariq
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vivek M Rangnekar
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Sehamuddin Galadari
- Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Division of Science (Biology), Experimental Research Building, New York University, Abu Dhabi, P. O. Box. 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Dos Santos Costa R, do Espírito-Santo RF, Abreu LS, de Oliveira Aguiar L, Leite Fontes D, Fechine Tavares J, Sobral da Silva M, Botelho Pereira Soares M, da Silva Velozo E, Flora Villarreal C. Fluorescent Canthin-6-one Alkaloids from Simaba bahiensis: Isolation, Identification, and Cell-Labeling Properties. Chempluschem 2020; 84:260-267. [PMID: 31950762 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Canthin-6-one alkaloids, which are present in plants of the genus Simaba, are natural compounds that are capable of acting as fluorescent probes. However, the chemical composition and fluorescent properties of most species of this genus have not been analyzed. The objective of this study was to characterize the fluorescent properties of an extract of S. bahiensis and identify the chemical entities responsible for these properties. In addition, the cell-labeling properties of the fluorescent dye from A and of the isolated compounds were characterized by confocal fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. One quassinoid and three fluorescent alkaloids were isolated from S. bahiensis, all compounds were identified by using NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Staining experiments and HPLC-FL analysis shown that canthin-6-one alkaloids are the main green fluorescent compounds in the analyzed dyes. All compounds evaluated showed a cytoplasmic marker with a residence time of 24 h. The present study is the first to describe the presence of canthin-6-one alkaloids in S. bahiensis, in addition to demonstrating promising cell-labeling properties of fluorescent compounds from S. bahiensis with broad emission wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Dos Santos Costa
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Department of Medicine School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Renan Fernandes do Espírito-Santo
- Department of Medicine School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Immunopharmacology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Lucas Silva Abreu
- Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB) João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Dara Leite Fontes
- Department of Medicine School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Josean Fechine Tavares
- Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB) João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Sobral da Silva
- Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB) João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Immunopharmacology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Eudes da Silva Velozo
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Department of Medicine School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Flora Villarreal
- Department of Medicine School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Immunopharmacology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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29
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Van Acker E, De Rijcke M, Asselman J, Beck IM, Huysman S, Vanhaecke L, De Schamphelaere KA, Janssen CR. Aerosolizable Marine Phycotoxins and Human Health Effects: In Vitro Support for the Biogenics Hypothesis. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18010046. [PMID: 31936833 PMCID: PMC7024199 DOI: 10.3390/md18010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory exposure to marine phycotoxins is of increasing concern. Inhalation of sea spray aerosols (SSAs), during harmful Karenia brevis and Ostreopsis ovata blooms induces respiratory distress among others. The biogenics hypothesis, however, suggests that regular airborne exposure to natural products is health promoting via a downregulation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Until now, little scientific evidence supported this hypothesis. The current explorative in vitro study investigated both health-affecting and potential health-promoting mechanisms of airborne phycotoxin exposure, by analyzing cell viability effects via cytotoxicity assays and effects on the mTOR pathway via western blotting. To that end, A549 and BEAS-2B lung cells were exposed to increasing concentrations (ng·L−1–mg·L−1) of (1) pure phycotoxins and (2) an extract of experimental aerosolized homoyessotoxin (hYTX). The lowest cell viability effect concentrations were found for the examined yessotoxins (YTXs). Contradictory to the other phycotoxins, these YTXs only induced a partial cell viability decrease at the highest test concentrations. Growth inhibition and apoptosis, both linked to mTOR pathway activity, may explain these effects, as both YTXs were shown to downregulate this pathway. This proof-of-principle study supports the biogenics hypothesis, as specific aerosolizable marine products (e.g., YTXs) can downregulate the mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Van Acker
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Campus Coupure, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| | - Maarten De Rijcke
- Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ), InnovOcean site, Wandelaarkaai 7, 8400 Ostend, Belgium
| | - Jana Asselman
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Campus Coupure, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Greenbridge, Ghent University, Wetenschapspark 1, 8400 Ostend, Belgium
| | - Ilse M. Beck
- Laboratory for experimental cancer research (LECR), Department for Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Campus UZ, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department Health Sciences, Odisee University College, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steve Huysman
- Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Campus Merelbeke, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Lynn Vanhaecke
- Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Campus Merelbeke, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Karel A.C. De Schamphelaere
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Campus Coupure, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Colin R. Janssen
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Campus Coupure, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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30
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Hepatotoxicity Induced by Isoniazid-Lipopolysaccharide through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Autophagy, and Apoptosis Pathways in Zebrafish. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63:AAC.01639-18. [PMID: 30858204 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01639-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoniazid (INH) is a first-line antituberculosis drug. The incidence of adverse reactions accompanied by inflammation in the liver during drug administration to tuberculosis patients is high and severely affects clinical treatment. To better understand the mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by INH under the inflammatory state, we compared the differences in levels of hepatotoxicity from INH between normal zebrafish and zebrafish in an inflammatory state to elucidate the hepatotoxic mechanism using different endpoints such as mortality, malformation, inflammatory effects, liver morphology, histological changes, transaminase analysis, and expression levels of certain genes. The results showed that the toxic effect of INH in zebrafish in an inflammatory state was more obvious than that in normal zebrafish, that liver size was significantly decreased as measured by liver fatty acid binding protein (LFABP) reporter fluorescence and intensity, and that alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were significantly increased. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and electron microscopy showed that hepatocyte injury was more obvious in the inflammatory state. In the inflammatory state, INH significantly increased the expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related factors (GRP78, ATF6, PERK, IRE1, XBP1s, GRP94, and CHOP), autophagy-related factors (beclin 1, LC3, Atg3, and Atg12), and apoptosis-related factors (caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, Bax, p53, and Cyt) in larvae. Correlational analyses indicated that the transcription levels of the inflammatory factors interleukin-1b (IL-1b), tumor necrosis factor beta (TNF-β), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and TNF-ɑ were strongly positively correlated with ALT and AST. Furthermore, the ERS inhibitor sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) could ameliorate the hepatotoxicity of INH-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in zebrafish larvae. These results indicated that INH hepatotoxicity was enhanced in the inflammatory state. ERS and its mediated autophagy and apoptosis pathways might be involved in INH-induced liver injury promoted by inflammation.
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31
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Wang ZF, Gao C, Chen W, Gao Y, Wang HC, Meng Y, Luo CL, Zhang MY, Chen G, Chen XP, Wang T, Tao LY. Salubrinal offers neuroprotection through suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy and apoptosis in a mouse traumatic brain injury model. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 161:12-25. [PMID: 30851432 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex injury that can cause severe disabilities and even death. TBI can induce secondary injury cascades, including but not limited to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, apoptosis and autophagy. Although the investigators has previously shown that salubrinal, the selective phosphatase inhibitor of p-eIF2α, ameliorated neurologic deficits in murine TBI model, the neuroprotective mechanisms of salubrinal need further research to warrant the preclinical value. This study was undertaken to characterize the effects of salubrinal on cell death and neurological outcomes following TBI in mice and the potential mechanisms. In the current study, ER stress-related proteins including p-eIF2α, GRP78 and CHOP showed peak expressions both in the cortex and hippocampus from day 2 to day 3 after TBI, indicating ER stress was activated in our TBI model. Immunofluorescence staining showed that CHOP co-located NeuN-positive neuron, GFAP-positive astrocyte, Iba-1-positive microglia, CD31-positive vascular endothelial cell and PDGFR-β-positive pericyte in the cortex on day 2 after TBI, and these cells mentioned above constitute the neurovascular unit (NVU). We also found TBI-induced plasmalemma permeability, motor dysfunction, spatial learning and memory deficits and brain lesion volume were alleviated by continuous intraperitoneal administration of salubrinal post TBI. To investigate the underlying mechanisms further, we determined that salubrinal suppressed the expression of ER stress, autophagy and apoptosis related proteins on day 2 after TBI. In addition, salubrinal administration decreased the number of CHOP+/TUNEL+ and CHOP+/LC3+ cells on day 2 after TBI, detected by immunofluorescence. In conclusion, these data imply that salubrinal treatment improves morphological and functional outcomes caused by TBI in mice and these neuroprotective effects may be associated with inhibiting apoptosis, at least in part by suppressing ER stress-autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-Feng Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Cheng Gao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hao-Chen Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ying Meng
- Community Health Center, Suzhou Western Eco-City, Suzhou 215161, China
| | - Cheng-Liang Luo
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ming-Yang Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xi-Ping Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China.
| | - Lu-Yang Tao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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32
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Marine biogenics in sea spray aerosols interact with the mTOR signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2019; 9:675. [PMID: 30679557 PMCID: PMC6345880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36866-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sea spray aerosols (SSAs) have profound effects on our climate and ecosystems. They also contain microbiota and biogenic molecules which could affect human health. Yet the exposure and effects of SSAs on human health remain poorly studied. Here, we exposed human lung cancer cells to extracts of a natural sea spray aerosol collected at the seashore in Belgium, a laboratory-generated SSA, the marine algal toxin homoyessotoxin and a chemical inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. We observed significant increased expression of genes related to the mTOR pathway and Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) after exposure to homoyessotoxin and the laboratory-generated SSA. In contrast, we observed a significant decrease in gene expression in the mTOR pathway and of PCSK9 after exposure to the natural SSA and the mTOR inhibitor, suggesting induction of apoptosis. Our results indicate that marine biogenics in SSAs interact with PCSK9 and the mTOR pathway and can be used in new potential pharmaceutical applications. Overall, our results provide a substantial molecular evidence base for potential beneficial health effects at environmentally relevant concentrations of natural SSAs.
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33
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Guzmán EA. Regulated Cell Death Signaling Pathways and Marine Natural Products That Target Them. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17020076. [PMID: 30678065 PMCID: PMC6410226 DOI: 10.3390/md17020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of cell death used to consist in necrosis, an unregulated form, and apoptosis, regulated cell death. That understanding expanded to acknowledge that apoptosis happens through the intrinsic or extrinsic pathways. Actually, many other regulated cell death processes exist, including necroptosis, a regulated form of necrosis, and autophagy-dependent cell death. We also understand that apoptosis occurs beyond the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways with caspase independent forms of apoptosis existing. Our knowledge of the signaling continues to grow, and with that, so does our ability to target different parts of the pathways with small molecules. Marine natural products co-evolve with their targets, and these unique molecules have complex structures with exquisite biological activities and specificities. This article offers a review of our current understanding of the signaling pathways regulating cell death, and highlights marine natural products that can affect these signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther A Guzmán
- Marine Biomedical and Biotechnology Research, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute at Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 North, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA.
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34
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Sannino S, Guerriero CJ, Sabnis AJ, Stolz DB, Wallace CT, Wipf P, Watkins SC, Bivona TG, Brodsky JL. Compensatory increases of select proteostasis networks after Hsp70 inhibition in cancer cells. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.217760. [PMID: 30131440 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.217760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells thrive when challenged with proteotoxic stress by inducing components of the protein folding, proteasome, autophagy and unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways. Consequently, specific molecular chaperones have been validated as targets for anti-cancer therapies. For example, inhibition of Hsp70 family proteins (hereafter Hsp70) in rhabdomyosarcoma triggers UPR induction and apoptosis. To define how these cancer cells respond to compromised proteostasis, we compared rhabdomyosarcoma cells that were sensitive (RMS13) or resistant (RMS13-R) to the Hsp70 inhibitor MAL3-101. We discovered that endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) and autophagy were activated in RMS13-R cells, suggesting that resistant cells overcome Hsp70 ablation by increasing misfolded protein degradation. Indeed, RMS13-R cells degraded ERAD substrates more rapidly than RMS cells and induced the autophagy pathway. Surprisingly, inhibition of the proteasome or ERAD had no effect on RMS13-R cell survival, but silencing of select autophagy components or treatment with autophagy inhibitors restored MAL3-101 sensitivity and led to apoptosis. These data indicate a route through which cancer cells overcome a chaperone-based therapy, define how cells can adapt to Hsp70 inhibition, and demonstrate the value of combined chaperone and autophagy-based therapies.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sannino
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | | | - Amit J Sabnis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Donna Beer Stolz
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Callen T Wallace
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Simon C Watkins
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Trever G Bivona
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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Korsnes MS, Korsnes R. Single-Cell Tracking of A549 Lung Cancer Cells Exposed to a Marine Toxin Reveals Correlations in Pedigree Tree Profiles. Front Oncol 2018; 8:260. [PMID: 30023341 PMCID: PMC6039982 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term video-based tracking of single A549 lung cancer cells exposed to three different concentrations of the marine toxin yessotoxin (YTX) reveals significant variation in cytotoxicity, and it confirms the potential genotoxic effects of this toxin. Tracking of single cells subject to various toxic exposure, constitutes a conceptually simple approach to elucidate lineage correlations and sub-populations which are masked in cell bulk analyses. The toxic exposure can here be considered as probing a cell population for properties and change which may include long-term adaptation to treatments. Ranking of pedigree trees according to a measure of "size," provides definition of sub-populations. Following single cells through generations indicates that signaling cascades and experience of mother cells can pass to their descendants. Epigenetic factors and signaling downstream lineages may enhance differences between cells and partly explain observed heterogeneity in a population. Signaling downstream lineages can potentially link a variety of observations of cells making resulting data more suitable for computerized treatment. YTX exposure of A549 cells tends to cause two main visually distinguishable classes of cell death modalities ("apoptotic-like" and "necrotic-like") with approximately equal frequency. This special property of YTX enables estimation of correlation between cell death modalities for sister cells indicating impact downstream lineages. Hence, cellular responses and adaptation to treatments might be better described in terms of effects on pedigree trees rather than considering cells as independent entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Suárez Korsnes
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway.,Nofima AS, Ås, Norway.,Korsnes Biocomputing (KoBio), Ås, Norway
| | - Reinert Korsnes
- Nofima AS, Ås, Norway.,Korsnes Biocomputing (KoBio), Ås, Norway.,Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI), Kjeller, Norway.,Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, Norway
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36
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Xu X, Huang E, Luo B, Cai D, Zhao X, Luo Q, Jin Y, Chen L, Wang Q, Liu C, Lin Z, Xie WB, Wang H. Methamphetamine exposure triggers apoptosis and autophagy in neuronal cells by activating the C/EBPβ-related signaling pathway. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201701460RRR. [PMID: 29939784 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701460rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (Meth) is a widely abused psychoactive drug that primarily damages the nervous system, notably causing dopaminergic neuronal apoptosis. CCAAT-enhancer binding protein (C/EBPβ) is a transcription factor and an important regulator of cell apoptosis and autophagy. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP5) is a proapoptotic factor that mediates Meth-induced neuronal apoptosis, and Trib3 (tribbles pseudokinase 3) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-inducible gene involved in autophagic cell death through the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. To test the hypothesis that C/EBPβ is involved in Meth-induced IGFBP5-mediated neuronal apoptosis and Trib3-mediated neuronal autophagy, we measured the protein expression of C/EBPβ after Meth exposure and evaluated the effects of silencing C/EBPβ, IGFBP5, or Trib3 on Meth-induced apoptosis and autophagy in neuronal cells and in the rat striatum after intrastriatal Meth injection. We found that, at relatively high doses, Meth exposure increased C/EBPβ protein expression, which was accompanied by increased neuronal apoptosis and autophagy; triggered the IGFBP5-mediated, p53-up-regulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA)-related mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway; and stimulated the Trib3-mediated ER stress signaling pathway through the Akt-mTOR signaling axis. We also found that autophagy is an early response to Meth-induced stress upstream of apoptosis and plays a detrimental role in Meth-induced neuronal cell death. These results suggest that Meth exposure induces C/EBPβ expression, which plays an essential role in the neuronal apoptosis and autophagy induced by relatively high doses of Meth; however, relatively low concentrations of Meth did not change the expression of C/EBPβ in vitro. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of C/EBPβ in low-dose Meth-induced neurotoxicity.-Xu, X., Huang, E., Luo, B., Cai, D., Zhao, X., Luo, Q., Jin, Y., Chen, L., Wang, Q., Liu, C., Lin, Z., Xie, W.-B., Wang, H. Methamphetamine exposure triggers apoptosis and autophagy in neuronal cells by activating the C/EBPβ-related signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Forensic Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Enping Huang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoying Luo
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dunpeng Cai
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Luo
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yili Jin
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Chen
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Wei-Bing Xie
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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37
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Zhang Y, Li S, Li J, Han L, He Q, Wang R, Wang X, Liu K. Developmental toxicity induced by PM2.5 through endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy pathway in zebrafish embryos. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 197:611-621. [PMID: 29407824 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to investigate the mechanism underlying the developmental toxicity of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and provide a more thorough understanding of the toxicity of PM2.5 in an ecological environment. Zebrafish embryos at 4 h post-fertilization were exposed to PM2.5 at doses of 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 800 μg/mL for 120 h. The mortality, hatching rate, morphology score, body length, locomotor capacity, histological changes, antioxidant defense system, leukocyte migration, inflammation-related gene mRNA expression, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and autophagy were evaluated to study PM2.5-induced developmental toxicity and its underlying mechanisms. PM2.5 exposure significantly increased the mortality and malformations and reduced the hatching rate and body length of the zebrafish. PM2.5 significantly reduced the locomotor capacity of zebrafish larvae, increased the levels of ROS and disturbed the antioxidant defense system in zebrafish larvae. In addition, a histological examination showed that the heart, liver, intestines and muscle of the PM2.5-treated zebrafish exhibited abnormal changes and a significant increase in cellular autophagic accumulation. RT-PCR showed that the expression of genes related to inflammation (tgfβ and cox2), ERS (hspa5, chop, ire1, xbp1s, and atf6) and autophagy (lc3, beclin1 and atg3) pathways was significantly increased in the PM2.5-treated zebrafish, indicating that PM2.5 induced inflammation and promoted ERS and autophagy responses via the activation of the IRE1-XBP1 and ATF6 pathways. Together, our data indicate that PM2.5 induced a dose- and time-dependent increase in developmental toxicity to zebrafish embryos. Additionally, ERS and autophagy may play important roles in PM2.5-induced developmental toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biological Testing Technology, 28789 Jingshidong Road, Licheng District, Jinan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China.
| | - Saiyu Li
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, 19 Keyuan Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biological Testing Technology, 28789 Jingshidong Road, Licheng District, Jinan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China; Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjiannan Road, Yingze District, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi Province, PR China
| | - Liwen Han
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biological Testing Technology, 28789 Jingshidong Road, Licheng District, Jinan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Qiuxia He
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biological Testing Technology, 28789 Jingshidong Road, Licheng District, Jinan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Rongchun Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biological Testing Technology, 28789 Jingshidong Road, Licheng District, Jinan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Ximin Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biological Testing Technology, 28789 Jingshidong Road, Licheng District, Jinan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biological Testing Technology, 28789 Jingshidong Road, Licheng District, Jinan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China.
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38
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Assunção J, Guedes AC, Malcata FX. Biotechnological and Pharmacological Applications of Biotoxins and Other Bioactive Molecules from Dinoflagellates. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E393. [PMID: 29261163 PMCID: PMC5742853 DOI: 10.3390/md15120393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-lasting interest in bioactive molecules (namely toxins) produced by (microalga) dinoflagellates has risen in recent years. Exhibiting wide diversity and complexity, said compounds are well-recognized for their biological features, with great potential for use as pharmaceutical therapies and biological research probes. Unfortunately, provision of those compounds is still far from sufficient, especially in view of an increasing demand for preclinical testing. Despite the difficulties to establish dinoflagellate cultures and obtain reasonable productivities of such compounds, intensive research has permitted a number of advances in the field. This paper accordingly reviews the characteristics of some of the most important biotoxins (and other bioactive substances) produced by dinoflagellates. It also presents and discusses (to some length) the main advances pertaining to dinoflagellate production, from bench to large scale-with an emphasis on material published since the latest review available on the subject. Such advances encompass improvements in nutrient formulation and light supply as major operational conditions; they have permitted adaptation of classical designs, and aided the development of novel configurations for dinoflagellate growth-even though shearing-related issues remain a major challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Assunção
- LEPABE-Laboratory of Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, P-4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - A Catarina Guedes
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, P-4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - F Xavier Malcata
- LEPABE-Laboratory of Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, P-4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, P-4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
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39
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Singh MP, Kang SC. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated autophagy activation attenuates fumonisin B1 induced hepatotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 110:371-382. [PMID: 29097114 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Although pathological characteristics of fumonisin B1 are known to induce hepatic injury over prolonged periods, the cellular defense mechanisms against the detrimental effects of FB1 are still unknown. The underlying mechanisms of FB1 toxicity are thought to be related with the inhibition of ceramide synthase, causing an accumulation of sphingoid bases, which in turn cause development of oxidative stress. Herein, we investigated whether autophagy, a cellular defense mechanism, protects liver cells from FB1 exposure. To accomplish this, we utilized HepG2 cells and a mouse model to study the effects of FB1 in the autophagy pathway. FB1 was capable of inducing autophagy via the generation of ROS, induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, phosphorylation of JNK, suppression of mTOR and activation of LC3I/II in HepG2 cells and mice livers. Treatment of HepG2 cells with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine alleviated ER stress stimulation and induced HepG2 cell death. Moreover, suppression of autophagy with 3-Methyladenine enhanced HepG2 cells apoptosis. Concurrently, four consecutive days exposure of mice livers to FB1 altered the levels of sphingoid bases, hepatic enzymes and induced histopathological changes. Moreover, the expression levels of major ER stress and autophagy-related markers such as PERK, IRE1-α, and LC3I/II also increased. Autophagy activation protected HepG2 cells and mice livers from the lethal effects of FB1. Hence, these findings specify that, the compounds that modify autophagy might be useful therapeutic agents for treatment of patients with FB1 induced liver ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Pal Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Chul Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea.
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40
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Xu X, Huang E, Tai Y, Zhao X, Chen X, Chen C, Chen R, Liu C, Lin Z, Wang H, Xie WB. Nupr1 Modulates Methamphetamine-Induced Dopaminergic Neuronal Apoptosis and Autophagy through CHOP-Trib3-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling Pathway. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:203. [PMID: 28694771 PMCID: PMC5483452 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is an illegal and widely abused psychoactive stimulant. METH exposure causes detrimental effects on multiple organ systems, primarily the nervous system, especially dopaminergic pathways, in both laboratory animals and humans. In this study, we hypothesized that Nuclear protein 1 (Nupr1/com1/p8) is involved in METH-induced neuronal apoptosis and autophagy through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling pathway. To test this hypothesis, we measured the expression levels of Nupr1, ER stress protein markers CHOP and Trib3, apoptosis-related protein markers cleaved-caspase3 and PARP, as well as autophagy-related protein markers LC3 and Beclin-1 in brain tissues of adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, rat primary cultured neurons and the rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells) after METH exposure. We also determined the effects of METH exposure on the expression of these proteins after silencing Nupr1, CHOP, or Trib3 expression with synthetic small hairpin RNA (shRNA) or siRNA in vitro, and after silencing Nupr1 in the striatum of rats by injecting lentivirus containing shRNA sequence targeting Nupr1 gene to rat striatum. The results showed that METH exposure increased Nupr1 expression that was accompanied with increased expression of ER stress protein markers CHOP and Trib3, and also led to apoptosis and autophagy in rat primary neurons and in PC12 cells after 24 h exposure (3.0 mM), and in the prefrontal cortex and striatum of rats after repeated intraperitoneal injections (15 mg/kg × 8 injections at 12 h intervals). Silencing of Nupr1 expression partly reduced METH-induced apoptosis and autophagy in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that Nupr1 plays an essential role in METH-caused neuronal apoptosis and autophagy at relatively higher doses and may be a potential therapeutic target in high-dose METH-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China.,School of Forensic Medicine, Wannan Medical CollegeWuhu, China
| | - Enping Huang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Yunchun Tai
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Xuebing Chen
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Chuanxiang Chen
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Medical UniversityDongguan, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Guangzhou Forensic Science InstituteGuangzhou, China
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine and Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State UniversityManhattan, KS, United States
| | - Huijun Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Bing Xie
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
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41
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Subacute immunotoxicity of the marine phycotoxin yessotoxin in rats. Toxicon 2017; 129:74-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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42
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Korsnes MS, Korsnes R. Mitotic Catastrophe in BC3H1 Cells following Yessotoxin Exposure. Front Cell Dev Biol 2017; 5:30. [PMID: 28409150 PMCID: PMC5374163 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2017.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The marine toxin yessotoxin (YTX) can cause various cytotoxic effects depending on cell type and cell line. It is well known to trigger distinct mechanisms for programmed cell death which may overlap or cross-talk. The present contribution provides the first evidence that YTX can cause genotoxicity and induce mitotic catastrophe which can lead to different types of cell death. This work also demonstrates potential information gain from non-intrusive computer-based tracking of many individual cells during long time. Treatment of BC3H1 cells at their exponential growth phase causes atypical nuclear alterations and formation of giant cells with multiple nuclei. These are the most prominent morphological features of mitotic catastrophe. Giant cells undergo slow cell death in a necrosis-like manner. However, apoptotic-like cell death is also observed in these cells. Electron microscopy of treated BC3H1 cells reveal uncondensed chromatin and cells with double nuclei. Activation of p-p53, p-H2AX, p-Chk1, p-ATM, and p-ATR and down-regulation of p-Chk2 indicate DNA damage response and cell cycle deregulation. Micronuclei formation further support this evidence. Data from tracking single cells reveal that YTX treatment suppresses a second round of cell division in BC3H1 cells. These findings suggest that YTX can induce genomic alterations or imperfections in chromosomal segregation leading to permanent mitotic failure. This understanding extends the list of effects from YTX and which are of interest to control cancer and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Suárez Korsnes
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life SciencesÅs, Norway.,Nofima ASÅs, Norway
| | - Reinert Korsnes
- Nofima ASÅs, Norway.,Norwegian Defence Research EstablishmentKjeller, Norway.,Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy ResearchÅs, Norway
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43
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Song S, Tan J, Miao Y, Li M, Zhang Q. Crosstalk of autophagy and apoptosis: Involvement of the dual role of autophagy under ER stress. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2977-2984. [PMID: 28067409 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a common cellular stress response that is triggered by a variety of conditions that disturb cellular homeostasis, and induces cell apoptosis. Autophagy, an important and evolutionarily conserved mechanism for maintaining cellular homeostasis, is closely related to the apoptosis induced by ER stress. There are common upstream signaling pathways between autophagy and apoptosis induced by ER stress, including PERK/ATF4, IRE1α, ATF6, and Ca2+ . Autophagy can not only block the induction of apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of apoptosis-associated caspase which could reduce cellular injury, but also help to induce apoptosis. In addition, the activation of apoptosis-related proteins can also inhibit autophagy by degrading autophagy-related proteins, such as Beclin-1, Atg4D, Atg3, and Atg5. Although the interactions of different autophagy- and apoptosis-related proteins, and also common upstream signaling pathways have been found, the potential regulatory mechanisms have not been clearly understood. In this review, we summarize the dual role of autophagy, and the interplay and potential regulatory mechanisms between autophagy and apoptosis under ER stress condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuling Song
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Tan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
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44
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Obacz J, Avril T, Le Reste PJ, Urra H, Quillien V, Hetz C, Chevet E. Endoplasmic reticulum proteostasis in glioblastoma—From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic perspectives. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/470/eaal2323. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aal2323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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45
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Chen JL, David J, Cook-Spaeth D, Casey S, Cohen D, Selvendiran K, Bekaii-Saab T, Hays JL. Autophagy Induction Results in Enhanced Anoikis Resistance in Models of Peritoneal Disease. Mol Cancer Res 2016; 15:26-34. [PMID: 27807188 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-16-0200-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Peritoneal carcinomatosis and peritoneal sarcomatosis is a potential complication of nearly all solid tumors and results in profoundly increased morbidity and mortality. Despite the ubiquity of peritoneal carcinomatosis/peritoneal sarcomatosis, there are no clinically relevant targeted therapies for either its treatment or prevention. To identify potential therapies, we developed in vitro models of peritoneal carcinomatosis/peritoneal sarcomatosis using tumor cell lines and patient-derived spheroids (PDS) that recapitulate anoikis resistance and spheroid proliferation across multiple cancer types. Epithelial- and mesenchymal-derived cancer cell lines (YOU, PANC1, HEYA8, CHLA10, and TC71) were used to generate spheroids and establish growth characteristics. Differential gene expression analyses of these spheroids to matched adherent cells revealed a consensus spheroid signature. This spheroid signature discriminates primary tumor specimens from tumor cells found in ascites of ovarian cancer patients and in our PDS models. Key in this gene expression signature is BNIP3 and BNIP3L, known regulators of autophagy and apoptosis. Elevated BNIP3 mRNA expression is associated with poor survival in ovarian cancer patients and elevated BNIP3 protein, as measured by IHC, and is also associated with higher grade tumors and shorter survival. Pharmacologic induction of autophagy with rapamycin significantly increased spheroid formation and survival while decreasing the induction of apoptosis. In contrast, the autophagy inhibitor hydroxychloroquine abrogated spheroid formation with a clear increase in apoptosis. Modulation of BNIP3 and the critical autophagy gene Beclin-1 (BECN1) also caused a significant decrease in spheroid formation. Combined, these data demonstrate how modulation of BNIP3-related autophagy, in PDS and in vitro spheroid models, alters the survival and morphology of spheroids. IMPLICATIONS Development of BNIP3/BNIP3L-targeting agents or autophagy-targeting agents may reduce morbidity and mortality associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis and sarcomatosis. Mol Cancer Res; 15(1); 26-34. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Bioinformatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jason David
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Douglas Cook-Spaeth
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Bioinformatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sydney Casey
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - David Cohen
- Department of Pathology, Anatomic Pathology Branch, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Karuppaiyah Selvendiran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Tanios Bekaii-Saab
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - John L Hays
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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46
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In vivo cardiomyocyte response to YTX- and AZA-1-induced damage: autophagy versus apoptosis. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:1859-1870. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1862-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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47
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Diederich M, Cerella C. Non-canonical programmed cell death mechanisms triggered by natural compounds. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 40-41:4-34. [PMID: 27262793 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural compounds are the fundament of pharmacological treatments and more than 50% of all anticancer drugs are of natural origins or at least derived from scaffolds present in Nature. Over the last 25 years, molecular mechanisms triggered by natural anticancer compounds were investigated. Emerging research showed that molecules of natural origins are useful for both preventive and therapeutic purposes by targeting essential hallmarks and enabling characteristics described by Hanahan and Weinberg. Moreover, natural compounds were able to change the differentiation status of selected cell types. One of the earliest response of cells treated by pharmacologically active compounds is the change of its morphology leading to ultra-structural perturbations: changes in membrane composition, cytoskeleton integrity, alterations of the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and of the nucleus lead to formation of morphological alterations that are a characteristic of both compound and cancer type preceding cell death. Apoptosis and autophagy were traditionally considered as the most prominent cell death or cell death-related mechanisms. By now multiple other cell death modalities were described and most likely involved in response to chemotherapeutic treatment. It can be hypothesized that especially necrosis-related phenotypes triggered by various treatments or evolving from apoptotic or autophagic mechanisms, provide a more efficient therapeutic outcome depending on cancer type and genetic phenotype of the patient. In fact, the recent discovery of multiple regulated forms of necrosis and the initial elucidation of the corresponding cell signaling pathways appear nowadays as important tools to clarify the immunogenic potential of non-canonical forms of cell death induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea.
| | - Claudia Cerella
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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48
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Modulation of CYP3A4 activity alters the cytotoxicity of lipophilic phycotoxins in human hepatic HepaRG cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 33:136-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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49
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Ferreiro SF, Vilariño N, Carrera C, Louzao MC, Cantalapiedra AG, Santamarina G, Cifuentes JM, Vieira AC, Botana LM. Subacute Cardiotoxicity of Yessotoxin: In Vitro and in Vivo Studies. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:981-90. [PMID: 27104637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Yessotoxin (YTX) is a marine phycotoxin produced by dinoflagellates and accumulated in filter feeding shellfish. Although no human intoxication episodes have been reported, YTX content in shellfish is regulated by many food safety authorities due to their worldwide distribution. YTXs have been related to ultrastructural heart damage in vivo, but the functional consequences in the long term have not been evaluated. In this study, we explored the accumulative cardiotoxic potential of YTX in vitro and in vivo. Preliminary in vitro evaluation of cardiotoxicity was based on the effect on hERG (human ether-a-go-go related gene) channel trafficking. In vivo experiments were performed in rats that received repeated administrations of YTX followed by recordings of electrocardiograms, arterial blood pressure, plasmatic cardiac biomarkers, and analysis of myocardium structure and ultrastructure. Our results showed that an exposure to 100 nM YTX for 12 or 24 h caused an increase of extracellular surface hERG channels. Furthermore, remarkable bradycardia and hypotension, structural heart alterations, and increased plasma levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 were observed in rats after four intraperitoneal injections of YTX at doses of 50 or 70 μg/kg that were administered every 4 days along a period of 15 days. Therefore, and for the first time, YTX-induced subacute cardiotoxicity is supported by evidence of cardiovascular function alterations related to its repeated administration. Considering international criteria for marine toxin risk estimation and that the regulatory limit for YTX has been recently raised in many countries, YTX cardiotoxicity might pose a health risk to humans and especially to people with previous cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara F Ferreiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, ‡Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias, §Hospital Veterinario Universitario Rof Codina and ∥Departamento de Anatomía y Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Natalia Vilariño
- Departamento de Farmacología, ‡Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias, §Hospital Veterinario Universitario Rof Codina and ∥Departamento de Anatomía y Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Cristina Carrera
- Departamento de Farmacología, ‡Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias, §Hospital Veterinario Universitario Rof Codina and ∥Departamento de Anatomía y Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - M Carmen Louzao
- Departamento de Farmacología, ‡Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias, §Hospital Veterinario Universitario Rof Codina and ∥Departamento de Anatomía y Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Antonio G Cantalapiedra
- Departamento de Farmacología, ‡Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias, §Hospital Veterinario Universitario Rof Codina and ∥Departamento de Anatomía y Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Germán Santamarina
- Departamento de Farmacología, ‡Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias, §Hospital Veterinario Universitario Rof Codina and ∥Departamento de Anatomía y Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - J Manuel Cifuentes
- Departamento de Farmacología, ‡Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias, §Hospital Veterinario Universitario Rof Codina and ∥Departamento de Anatomía y Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Andrés C Vieira
- Departamento de Farmacología, ‡Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias, §Hospital Veterinario Universitario Rof Codina and ∥Departamento de Anatomía y Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Luis M Botana
- Departamento de Farmacología, ‡Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias, §Hospital Veterinario Universitario Rof Codina and ∥Departamento de Anatomía y Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 27002 Lugo, Spain
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50
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Ferron PJ, Dumazeau K, Beaulieu JF, Le Hégarat L, Fessard V. Combined Effects of Lipophilic Phycotoxins (Okadaic Acid, Azapsiracid-1 and Yessotoxin) on Human Intestinal Cells Models. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:50. [PMID: 26907345 PMCID: PMC4773803 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8020050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Phycotoxins are monitored in seafood because they can cause food poisonings in humans. Phycotoxins do not only occur singly but also as mixtures in shellfish. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro toxic interactions of binary combinations of three lipophilic phycotoxins commonly found in Europe (okadaic acid (OA), yessotoxin (YTX) and azaspiracid-1 (AZA-1)) using the neutral red uptake assay on two human intestinal cell models, Caco-2 and the human intestinal epithelial crypt-like cells (HIEC). Based on the cytotoxicity of individual toxins, we studied the interactions between toxins in binary mixtures using the combination index-isobologram equation, a method widely used in pharmacology to study drug interactions. This method quantitatively classifies interactions between toxins in mixtures as synergistic, additive or antagonistic. AZA-1/OA, and YTX/OA mixtures showed increasing antagonism with increasing toxin concentrations. In contrast, the AZA-1/YTX mixture showed increasing synergism with increasing concentrations, especially for mixtures with high YTX concentrations. These results highlight the hazard potency of AZA-1/YTX mixtures with regard to seafood intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Jean Ferron
- Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Fougères 35300, France.
| | - Kevin Dumazeau
- Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Fougères 35300, France.
| | - Jean-François Beaulieu
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1G 0A2, Canada.
| | - Ludovic Le Hégarat
- Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Fougères 35300, France.
| | - Valérie Fessard
- Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Fougères 35300, France.
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