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Lin C, Zhang Y, Liao J, Cui S, Gao Z, Han W. Effect of photodynamic therapy mediated by hematoporphyrin derivatives on small cell lung cancer H446 cells and bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:65. [PMID: 38368311 PMCID: PMC10874342 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) mediated by hematoporphyrin derivatives (HPD) on the proliferation of small cell lung cancer H446 cells and bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. H446 cells and BEAS-2B cells were cultured in vitro with different concentrations of HPD(0, 5, 10, 12, 15, 20 μg/mL) for 4 h, and then irradiated with 630 nm laser with different energy densities (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 mW/cm2). Cell viability of H446 cells and BEAS-2B cells were detected by CCK8 assay. The cell apoptosis was observed with Annexin V-FTTC/PI double staining and Hoechst 33258. The RT-PCR examination was applied to detect the transcriptional changes of the mRNA of Bax、Bcl-2, and Caspase-9. The results of CCK8 showed that when the HPD was 15 μg/mL and the laser power density reached 50 mW/cm2, the cell viability was significantly decreased compared with the black control group. Hoechst 33258 staining showed that with the increase of HPD concentration, the cell density was reduced, and apoptotic cells increased. Flow cytometry assay revealed that the apoptotic rates of the HPD-PDT group of H446 cells and BEAS-2B cells were significantly different from those of the blank control group. The RT-PCR examination showed that the expression levels of Bax and Caspase-9 mRNA in the HPD-PDT group were up-regulated, while the expression levels of Bcl-2 mRNA were down-regulated significantly. HPD-PDT can inhibit H446 cells and BEAS-2B cells growth. The mechanism may be related to up-regulating the expression levels of Bax and Caspase-9 mRNA and down-regulating the expression levels of Bcl-2 mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunzhi Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yan Tai, 264001, China
| | - Jiemei Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, 411199, China
| | - Shichao Cui
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhe Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Weizhong Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Liu J, Li L, Han X, Chen Y, Diao J. Loke zupa decoction attenuates bronchial EMT-mediated airway remodelling in chronic asthma through the PI3K-Akt/HIF-1α signaling pathway. Pharm Biol 2023; 61:1332-1342. [PMID: 37655452 PMCID: PMC10478626 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2244543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Loke zupa decoction (Lok) is a well-established classic Chinese folk remedy for asthma. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the effect and mechanism of Lok on asthma airway remodelling and provide novel insights for the prevention and treatment of asthma. MATERIALS AND METHODS For in vitro experiments, BEAS-2B cells were assigned into six groups: Control, TGF-β1 (10 μM), TGF-β1 + Lok-20, TGF-β1 + Lok-40, TGF-β1 + Lok-80 μg/mL and TGF-β1 + SB431542 (5 μM). CCK8 and wound healing assays were performed. For in vivo experiments, 60 female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: Control, model, Lok-4.55, Lok-9.1, and DEX group. Lok was administrated by gavage during the challenge stage for 8 consecutive weeks (4.55 and 9.1 g/kg/day). We investigated airway inflammation and airway remodelling in the lungs and verified the activation status of EMT-related markers and the PI3K-Akt/HIF-1α signalling pathway. RESULTS In vitro, Lok efficiently inhibited TGF-β1-induced BEAS-2B cell proliferation ability (cell viability 165% vs. 105%) and migration (migration areas 85% vs. 35%) without affecting their normal growth (IC50 274.2 µg/mL at 48 h). In vivo, Lok effectively protected mice from asthma, as evidenced by decreased histological damage and level of cytokines in BALF (IL-4, IL-13 and TGF-β1) by 17%-77%. Mechanistic research revealed that Lok reduced the levels of EMT-related molecules and significantly downregulated the PI3K-Akt/HIF-1α signalling pathway. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide novel insights into the protective effect of Lok on asthma and the underlying mechanisms, providing a theoretical basis and potential treatment possibilities for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Xue Han
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Yue Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P.R. China
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Ren YJ, Cao YG, Zeng MN, Zhang QQ, Liu YL, He C, Chen X, Fan XL, Li XD, Zheng XK, Feng WS. Salviamilthone A-O, diterpenoid quinones from Salvia miltiorrhiza. Phytochemistry 2023; 215:113840. [PMID: 37648044 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Fifteen undescribed diterpenoid quinones salviamilthone A-O (1-15), together with three known diterpenoid quinones (16-18), were isolated from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Their structures were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR data, while the relative and absolute configurations were confirmed by NOESY correlations and comparison between experimental and calculated ECD spectra. In the evaluation of bioactivities, salviamilthone J (10), salviamone (18) (10 μM) significantly increased cell viability and decreased the expression of IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide-induced BEAS-2B cells. These data provide the molecular justification for the usage of Salvia miltiorrhiza in treating acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, PR China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Clinical Pharmacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, PR China
| | - Yan-Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, PR China
| | - Meng-Nan Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, PR China
| | - Qin-Qin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, PR China
| | - Yan-Ling Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, PR China
| | - Chen He
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, PR China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, PR China
| | - Xi-Ling Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, PR China
| | - Xiang-Da Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ke Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, PR China.
| | - Wei-Sheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases By Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, PR China.
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Jin Q, Fan Y, Lu Y, Zhan Y, Sun J, Tao D, He Y. Liquid crystal monomers in ventilation and air conditioning dust: Indoor characteristics, sources analysis and toxicity assessment. Environ Int 2023; 180:108212. [PMID: 37738697 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Indoor dust contaminated with liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) released from various commercial liquid crystal display (LCD) screens may pose environmental health risks to humans. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of 64 LCMs in ventilation and air conditioning filters (VACF) dust, characterize their composition profiles, potential sources, and associations with indoor characteristics, and assess their in vitro toxicity using the human lung bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). A total of 31 LCMs with concentrations (ΣLCMs) ranging from 43.7 ng/g to 448 ng/g were detected in the collected VACF dust. Additional analysis revealed the potential interactions between indoor environmental conditions and human exposure risks associated with the detected LCMs in VACF dust. The service area and working time of the ventilation and air conditioning system, and the number of indoor LCD screens were positively correlated with the fluorinated ΣLCMs in VACF dust (r = 0.355 ∼ 0.511, p < 0.05), while the associations with the non-fluorinated ΣLCMs were not found (p > 0.05), suggesting different environmental behavior and fates of fluorinated and non-fluorinated LCMs in the indoor environment. Four main indoor sources of LCMs (i.e., computer (37.1%), television (28.3%), Brand A smartphone (21.2%) and Brand S smartphone (13.4%)) were identified by positive matrix factorization-multiple linear regression (PMF-MLR). Exposure to 14 relatively frequently detected LCMs, individually and in the mixture, induced significant oxidative stress in BEAS-2B cells. Among them, non-fluorinated LCMs, specifically 3cH2B and MeP3bcH, caused dominant decreased cell viability. This study provides new insights into the indoor LCMs pollution and the associated potential health risks due to the daily use of electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Jin
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yinzheng Fan
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yichun Lu
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuting Zhan
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiaji Sun
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Danyang Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuhe He
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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Eltayeb HA, Stewart L, Morgem M, Johnson T, Nguyen M, Earl K, Sodipe A, Jackson D, Olufemi SE. Antioxidants Amelioration Is Insufficient to Prevent Acrylamide and Alpha-Solanine Synergistic Toxicity in BEAS-2B Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11956. [PMID: 37569330 PMCID: PMC10418752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells produce free radicals and antioxidants when exposed to toxic compounds during cellular metabolism. However, free radicals are deleterious to lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Antioxidants neutralize and eliminate free radicals from cells, preventing cell damage. Therefore, the study aims to determine whether the antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) will ameliorate the maximum dose of acrylamide and alpha (α)-solanine synergistic toxic effects in exposed BEAS-2B cells. These toxic compounds are consumed worldwide by eating potato products. BEAS-2B cells were simultaneously treated with BHA 10 μM and BHT 20 μM and incubated in a 5% CO2 humidified incubator for 24 h, followed by individual or combined treatment with acrylamide (3.5 mM) and α-solanine (44 mM) for 48 h, including the controls. Cell morphology, DNA, RNA, and protein were analyzed. The antioxidants did not prevent acrylamide and α-solanine synergistic effects in exposed BEAS-2B cells. However, cell morphology was altered; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed reduced RNA constituents but not DNA. In addition, the toxic compounds synergistically inhibited AKT/PKB expression and its downstream genes. The study showed BHA and BHT are not protective against the synergetic toxic effects of acrylamide and α-solanine in exposed BEAS-2B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Awad Eltayeb
- Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
- Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Leandra Stewart
- Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Mounira Morgem
- Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
- Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Tommie Johnson
- Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
- Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Michael Nguyen
- Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Kadeshia Earl
- Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
- Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Ayodotun Sodipe
- Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Desirée Jackson
- Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA
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Zhang J, Wang H, Chen H, Liu Y, Wang A, Hou H, Hu Q. Acetaldehyde induces similar cytotoxic and genotoxic risks in BEAS-2B cells and HHSteCs: involvement of differential regulation of MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27508-x. [PMID: 37284951 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27508-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Long-term use of alcohol and cigarettes is associated with millions of deaths each year, directly or indirectly. The carcinogen acetaldehyde is both a metabolite of alcohol and the most abundant carbonyl compound in cigarette smoke, and co-exposure of them is usual and primarily leads to liver and lung injury, respectively. However, few studies have explored the synchronic risk of acetaldehyde on the liver and lung. Here, we investigated the toxic effects and related mechanisms of acetaldehyde based on normal hepatocytes and lung cells. The results showed that acetaldehyde caused significant dose-dependent increases of cytotoxicity, ROS level, DNA adduct level, DNA single/double-strand breakage, and chromosomal damage in BEAS-2B cells and HHSteCs, with similar effects at the same doses. The gene and protein expression and phosphorylation of p38MAPK, ERK, PI3K, and AKT, key proteins of MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways regulating cell survival and tumorigenesis, were significantly upregulated on BEAS-2B cells, while only protein expression and phosphorylation of ERK were upregulated significantly, the other three decreased in HHSteCs. When either the inhibitor of the four key proteins was co-treated with acetaldehyde, cell viabilities were almost unchanged in BEAS-2B cells and HHSteCs. Thus, acetaldehyde could synchronically induce similar toxic effects in BEAS-2B cells and HHSteCs, and MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways seem to be involved in different regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingni Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102200, China
- Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, 102200, China
| | - Hongjuan Wang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102200, China
- Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, 102200, China
| | - Huan Chen
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102200, China
- Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, 102200, China
| | - Yong Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - An Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Hongwei Hou
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102200, China
- Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, 102200, China
| | - Qingyuan Hu
- University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China.
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102200, China.
- Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, 102200, China.
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Ren YJ, Cao YG, Zeng MN, Zhang QQ, Liu YL, He C, Chen X, Fan XL, Xiang-Da L, Zheng XK, Feng WS. Diterpenoid quinones from the Salvia miltiorrhiza and their lung protective activity. Fitoterapia 2023; 167:105474. [PMID: 36940920 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
Seven new diterpenoids quinones (1-6), together with five known ones (7-11), were isolated from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Their structures were elucidated by using 1D and 2D NMR data, while the relative and absolute configurations were confirmed by interpretations of the NOESY correlations and comparison of the experimental and calculated ECD spectra. In the evaluation of bioactivities, salviamilthiza C (3), significantly increased cell viability and decreased the expression of IL-1β in LPS-induced BEAS-2B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, PR China
| | - Yan-Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, PR China
| | - Meng-Nan Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, PR China
| | - Qin-Qin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, PR China
| | - Yan-Ling Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, PR China
| | - Chen He
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, PR China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, PR China
| | - Xi-Ling Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, PR China
| | - Li Xiang-Da
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ke Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, PR China.
| | - Wei-Sheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, PR China.
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8
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Lv L, Luo W, Zhou Y, Li T, Diao Q, Ma P, Song D. A highly sensitive ratiometric fluorescent probe based on fluorescein coumarin for detecting hydrazine in actual water and biological samples. LUMINESCENCE 2023; 38:159-165. [PMID: 36601685 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrazine (N2 H4 ) is a highly toxic and harmful chemical reagent. Fluorescent probes are simple and efficient tools for sensitive monitoring of N2 H4 enrichment in the environment, humans, animals, and plants. In this work, a ratiometric fluorescent probe (FP-1) containing coumarin was used for hydrazine detection. The proposed FP-1 probe had a linear detection range of 0-250 μM and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.059 μM (1.89 ppb). A large red Stokes shift was observed in fluorescence and UV-vis absorption spectra due to the hydrolysis of ester bonds between FP-1 and hydrazine. The hydrazine detection mechanism of FP-1 was also investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Finally, FP-1 could sensitively and selectively monitor hydrazine in actual water samples and BEAS-2B cells. Therefore, it has great application potential in environmental monitoring and disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Lv
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization for Natural Products Active Molecules, School of Chemistry and Life Science, Anshan Normal University, Anshan, China
| | - Weiwei Luo
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization for Natural Products Active Molecules, School of Chemistry and Life Science, Anshan Normal University, Anshan, China
| | - Yixiao Zhou
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization for Natural Products Active Molecules, School of Chemistry and Life Science, Anshan Normal University, Anshan, China
| | - Tiechun Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization for Natural Products Active Molecules, School of Chemistry and Life Science, Anshan Normal University, Anshan, China
| | - Quanping Diao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization for Natural Products Active Molecules, School of Chemistry and Life Science, Anshan Normal University, Anshan, China
| | - Pinyi Ma
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, China
| | - Daqian Song
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, China
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Ma Y, Shi J, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Jia G. Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Altered the lncRNA Expression Profile in Human Lung Cells. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1059. [PMID: 36673815 PMCID: PMC9858630 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Respiration is considered to be the main occupational or environmental exposure pathway of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), and the lung is considered to be the target organ of respiratory exposure; however, the mechanism of respiratory toxicity is not fully understood. In this study, the effect of TiO2 NPs on the expression profile of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) was investigated to understand their potential toxic mechanism. BEAS-2B cells were treated with 100 μg/mL TiO2 NPs for 48 h, then RNA sequencing was performed to screen the differential lncRNAs compared with the control group, and the enrichment pathways of the differentially expressed lncRNAs were further analyzed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The results identified a total of 45,769 lncRNAs, and 277 different lncRNAs were screened. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the targeted mRNAs of these different lncRNAs were enriched in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. This work demonstrates that TiO2 NPs could alter the lncRNA expression profile in BEAS-2B cells, and epigenetics may play a role in the mechanism of respiratory toxicity induced by TiO2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiaqi Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhangjian Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guang Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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10
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Dobashi M, Shiratori T, Imaizumi T, Hashimoto S, Kawaguchi S, Seya K, Tasaka S. Toll-like receptor 3 signaling induces interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 in BEAS-2B cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:1917-1922. [PMID: 36112878 PMCID: PMC9742747 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221121609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The human bronchial epithelium plays a crucial role in mediating antiviral immune reactions. When double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) binds to the receptor named Toll-like receptor (TLR) 3, activation of antiviral innate immune reactions is initiated by producing interferon (IFN) type I. Then, type I IFN promotes the transcription of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Proteins encoded by ISGs reveal antiviral effects. The IFN-induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) is an ISG family member that inhibits viral infection by preventing the entry of viruses with a cell membrane. However, IFITM1 expression in human bronchial epithelium remains largely undetermined. Here, we investigated whether IFITM1 is expressed in cultured BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells. Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) was used for treatment of BEAS-2B as a TLR3 ligand. IFITM1 expression levels were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and Western blotting. Using RNA interference, we determined the significance of IFN-β and ISG56 on IFITM1 upregulation. Poly I:C treatment significantly upregulated IFITM1 expression in BEAS-2B cells, and it was concentration- and time-dependent. Knockdown of IFN-β or ISG56 decreased poly I:C-induced IFITM1 expression levels. Recombinant IFN-β also increased expression levels of IFITM1. In BEAS-2B cells, IFITM1 expression is upregulated by poly I:C, at least partly, via the TLR3/IFN-β/ISG56 axis. Thus, IFITM1 may contribute to antiviral innate immunity in bronchial epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Dobashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
- Masaki Dobashi.
| | - Toshihiro Shiratori
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
| | - Tadaatsu Imaizumi
- Department of Vascular Biology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
| | - Shun Hashimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
| | - Shogo Kawaguchi
- Department of Vascular Biology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Seya
- Department of Vascular Biology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
| | - Sadatomo Tasaka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
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11
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Chen JZ, Li XY, Liu DM, Long ST, Li YM, Chen HB. [Effects of ZnO nanoparticles on proliferation and apoptosis of human lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells]. Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi 2022; 38:443-447. [PMID: 37088749 DOI: 10.12047/j.cjap.6336.2022.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on proliferation and apoptosis of human lung epithelial cells BEAS-2B and its molecular mechanisms. METHODS BEAS-2B cells were treated with ZnO NPs at concentrations of 3, 6 and 12 μg/ml for 12 h and 24 h, the control group was not treated with ZnO NPs, each with 3 replicate wells. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 method, and the half lethal concentration (IC50) was analyzed. Then, the BEAS-2B cells were treated with ZnO NPs at selected concentrations of 3 and 6 μg/ml for 24 h respectively,each group was set with 3 replicate. Cell morphology was observed under inverted microscope. The morphology of cell nuclei was observed by Hochest33342 staining. The morphology of apoptosis was observed by AO staining and scanning electron microscopy. Cell cycle progression, cell apoptosis rate and the level of reactive oxygen species(ROS)were detected by flow cytometry. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax protein. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the cell viability of cells treated with ZnO NPs were decreased significantly(P<0.01), and the IC50 was 6.13 μg/ml at 24 h of drug treatment. After the cells were treated with ZnO NPs for 24 h, the levels of ROS were increased significantly(P<0.05, P<0.01)in 3 μg/ml, 6 μg/ml groups. The cell cycle was arrested at G2/M phase, chromatin condensation and apoptotic bodies were induced, apoptosis rate was increased significantly(P<0.01) in 6 μg/ml group. The expression of Bcl-2 was decreased(P<0.05), and the expression of Bax was increased (P<0.05) in cells treated with 6 μg/ml ZnO NPs for 24 h. CONCLUSION ZnO NPs induced ROS accumulation, blocked progress of cell cycle and induced cell apoptosis in BEAS-2B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Zi Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524000
| | - Xyu-Yan Li
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524000
- Western Guangdong Characteristic Biology and Medicine Engineering and Research Center, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Dong-Mei Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524000
| | - Shu-Ting Long
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524000
| | - Yong-Mei Li
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524000
| | - Hong-Bing Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524000
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12
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Ren YJ, Cao YG, Zeng MN, Zhang QQ, Liu YL, He C, Chen X, Fan XL, Li XD, Zheng XK, Feng WS. Ten undescribed diterpenoid quinones derived from the Salvia miltiorrhiza. Phytochemistry 2022; 200:113224. [PMID: 35588867 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to report the structure elucidation of the compounds isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, and their biological evaluations. Ten undescribed diterpenoid quinones and 10 known analogues were isolated from the dried roots of S. miltiorrhiza. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis, including nuclear magnetic resonance, high-resolution mass spectra, and ultraviolet and infrared spectra. Their absolute configurations were determined by comparing the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. In the evaluation of bioactivities, Salvianolactone acid I, epi-danshenspiroketallactone F, danshinspiroketallactone, grandifolia G, and 2H-Naphtho [1,8-bc]furan (10 μM) significantly increased cell viability and decreased the nuclear transport of p-P65 in lipopolysaccharide-induced bronchial epithelial cells. It was concluded that the diterpenoid quinones might belong to potent targeted lung-protective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Yan-Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Meng-Nan Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Qin-Qin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Yan-Ling Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Chen He
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Xi-Ling Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Xiang-Da Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ke Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Wei-Sheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
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13
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Zhu X, Huang H, Zong Y, Zhang L. SRY-related high-mobility group box 9 (SOX9) alleviates cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced inflammatory injury in human bronchial epithelial cells by suppressing stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) expression. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:565-576. [PMID: 35488927 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01576-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic airway disease with airflow limitation and abnormal inflammatory response. It has been verified that SOX9 plays a key role in lung function of various lung diseases and SOX9 is closely associated with COPD. Additionally, literature has reported that STIM1 is involved in lung injury and is highly expressed in neutrophils from COPD patients. This study aimed to characterize the biological roles of SOX9 and STIM1 in the pathogenesis of COPD and to elucidate the regulatory mechanism. METHODS Human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) were treated with CSE to construct in vitro COPD model. The levels of SOX9 and STIM1 in CSE-treated BEAS-2B cells were detected by western blot and RT-qPCR assay. Then, JASPAR datasets were utilized to analyze SOX9 binding sites in the promoter region of STIM1. Besides, luciferase reporter assay and ChIP assay were employed to validate the binding sites in STIM1 promoter region to SOX9. In addition, viability and apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells were assessed by utilizing MTT assay and TUNEL staining. ELISA kits and corresponding commercial kits were applied to measure the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, SOD, GSH-Px and MDA. RESULTS CSE treatment dose- and time-dependently reduced SOX9 expression in BEAS-2B cells. SOX9 overexpression enhanced the viability and suppressed the apoptosis of CSE-treated BEAS-2B cells as well as attenuated CSE-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Then, it was validated that SOX9 bound to the promoter region of STIM1. Moreover, SOX9 overexpression-mediated impacts on cell viability, cell apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in CSE-treated BEAS-2B cells were partially abolished by upregulation of STIM1. CONCLUSION To sum up, results here suggested that overexpression of SOX9 could mitigate inflammatory injury in CSE-treated bronchial epithelial cells by suppressing STIM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Zhu
- Nursing School, Zheng Zhou Railway Vocational and Technical College, Zhengzhou, 451460, Henan, China
| | - Hemei Huang
- Nursing School, Zheng Zhou Railway Vocational and Technical College, Zhengzhou, 451460, Henan, China
| | - Yijun Zong
- Department of Medical Nursing, College of Nursing, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Linghui Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shijiazhuang Medical College, No. 1 Tongxin Road, Lingshou County, Shijiazhuang, 050599, Hebei, China.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shijiazhuang Medical College, No. 1 Tongxin Road, Lingshou County, Shijiazhuang, 050599, Hebei, China.
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14
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Khan F, Jaoui M, Rudziński K, Kwapiszewska K, Martinez-Romero A, Gil-Casanova D, Lewandowski M, Kleindienst TE, Offenberg JH, Krug JD, Surratt JD, Szmigielski R. Cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by atmospheric mono-nitrophenols in human lung cells. Environ Pollut 2022; 301:119010. [PMID: 35217136 PMCID: PMC9171836 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitrophenols (NPs) are hazardous pollutants found in various environmental matrices, including ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5), agricultural residues, rainwater, wildfires, and industrial wastes. This study showed for the first time the effect of three pure nitrophenols and their mixture on human lung cells to provide basic understanding of the NP influence on cell elements and processes. We identified NPs in ambient PM2.5 and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles generated from the photooxidation of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the U.S. EPA smog chamber. We assessed the toxicity of identified NPs and their equimolar mixture in normal bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) and alveolar epithelial cancer (A549) lung cell lines. The inhibitory concentration-50 (IC50) values were highest and lowest in BEAS-2B cells treated with 2-nitrophenol (2NP) and 4-nitrophenol (4NP), respectively, at 24 h of exposure. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay showed that 4NP, the most abundant NP we identified in PM2.5, was the most cytotoxic NP examined in both cell lines. The annexin-V/fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) analysis showed that the populations of late apoptotic/necrotic BEAS-2B and A549 cells exposed to 3NP, 4NP, and NP equimolar mixture increased between 24 and 48 h. Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) buildup led to cellular death post exposure to 3NP, 4NP and the NP mixtures, while 2NP induced the lowest ROS buildup. An increased mitochondrial ROS signal following NP exposure occurred only in BEAS-2B cells. The tetramethylrhodamine, methyl ester, perchlorate (TMRM) assay showed that exposed cells exhibited collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential. TMRM signals decreased significantly only in BEAS-2B cells, and most strongly with 4NP exposures. Our results suggest that acute atmospheric exposures to NPs may be toxic at high concentrations, but not at ambient PM2.5 concentrations. Further chronic studies with NP and NP-containing PM2.5 are warranted to assess their contribution to lung pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faria Khan
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mohammed Jaoui
- Center for Environmental Measurement & Modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, United States
| | - Krzysztof Rudziński
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karina Kwapiszewska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicia Martinez-Romero
- Cytomics Core Facility, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, Avda. Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valenica, Spain
| | - Domingo Gil-Casanova
- Cytomics Core Facility, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, Avda. Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valenica, Spain
| | - Michael Lewandowski
- Center for Environmental Measurement & Modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, United States
| | - Tadeusz E Kleindienst
- Center for Environmental Measurement & Modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, United States
| | - John H Offenberg
- Center for Environmental Measurement & Modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, United States
| | - Jonathan D Krug
- Center for Environmental Measurement & Modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, United States
| | - Jason D Surratt
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Rafal Szmigielski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland.
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15
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Zhu Y, Li Z, Wang W, Jing L, Yu Q, Li Z, Chen X, Zhang J, Zhang P, Feng F, Zhang Q. LncRNA-ENST00000556926 regulates the proliferation, apoptosis and mRNA transcriptome of malignant-transformed BEAS-2B cells induced by coal tar pitch. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:1144-1152. [PMID: 34956617 PMCID: PMC8692750 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As a byproduct of coal tar distillation, coal tar pitch (CTP) has been proven to be carcinogenic to human. However, the mechanisms of lung cancer induced by CTP are still unclear. It has been shown that long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) play an important role in the development of human cancers. This study aims to investigate the effect of LncRNA-ENST00000556926 on malignant-transformed human bronchial epithelial (BAES-2B) cells induced by coal tar pitch extracts (CTPE). In this study, BEAS-2B cells were treated with 2.4 μg/ml of CTPE for 72 h and then passaged; and the cells were treated 4 times in the same procedure, then passaged until passage 30 (CTPE30). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect cell viability, then cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry, and transcriptome sequencing analysis was used to detect differentially expressed mRNAs after interference of ENST00000556926. The results indicated that the expression of ENST00000556926 in CTPE30 group was significantly higher compared with control group. Furthermore, after interfering the expression of ENST00000556926, cell viability was inhibited, and cell cycle was arrested while apoptosis of malignant-transformed BEAS-2B cells was promoted. Moreover, a total of 159 differentially expressed mRNAs were screened out after interference of ENST00000556926, including 62 up-regulated mRNAs and 97 down-regulated mRNAs. In addition, knockdown of ENST00000556926 decreased the expression of thioredoxin domain containing 5 (TXNDC5) and FOXD1. In conclusion, LncRNA-ENST00000556926 could regulate the proliferation, apoptosis and mRNA transcriptome of malignant-transformed BEAS-2B cells induced by CTP, which may provide a novel treatment strategy for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghang Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
| | - Zhongqiu Li
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
| | - Weiguang Wang
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Rizhao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Rizhao, Shandong Province 450001, China
| | - Linhao Jing
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 276800, China
| | - Qi Yu
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
| | - Zhenkai Li
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
| | - Xu Chen
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 276800, China
| | - Jiatong Zhang
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Cancer, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
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16
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Wang L, Bao S, Liu X, Wang F, Zhang J, Dang P, Wang F, Li B, Lin Y. Low-dose exposure to black carbon significantly increase lung injury of cadmium by promoting cellular apoptosis. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 224:112703. [PMID: 34479021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) has adverse biological effects on major living organs in the body, including lungs. The complex composition of PM2.5, including carbon black and heavy metals, cause toxic effects to the lung. Nonetheless, there exists considerable knowledge gaps regarding the impact of carbon black (CB) on environmental health and safety (EHS). Thus far, the synergistic effects of CB have not gained much attention in past decades. Here, we showed that combined exposure of CB and Cadmium (Cd) enhance the cytotoxicity by altering the state of cell membrane. Specially, CB caused cell membrane collapse and increased the permeability of cells, and remarkedly enhanced the metal Cd toxicity. Furthermore, upon pre-treatment sublethal-dose CB, the increased intracellular Cd brought about a significantly amount of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and high expression of metallothionein-1 (MT-1) in human lung epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) cells, and ultimately resulted an increased cellular toxicity. The lung of mice exposed CBs and Cd presented remarkably inflammation than Cd alone. Mechanistic exploration deciphered that CB pre-treatment triggered cell damage via apoptosis due to Cd exposure. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel path for understanding the impact of CB on EHS with its synergistic effects, through which nanomaterials might exert detrimental effects on organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjuan Wang
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China; Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Shanyu Bao
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jinwei Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Pengyu Dang
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Fengli Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China; Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Yi Lin
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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17
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Pyun H, Nam JW, Cho H, Park J, Seo EK, Lee K. Allergic Inflammation Caused by Dimerized Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein is Attenuated by Cardamonin. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:765521. [PMID: 34690788 PMCID: PMC8527174 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.765521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated in our previous reports that dimeric form of translationally controlled tumor protein (dTCTP) initiates a variety of allergic phenomena. In the present study, we examined whether and how dTCTP's role in allergic inflammation can be modulated or negated. The possible potential of cardamonin as an anti-allergic agent was assessed by ELISA using BEAS-2B cells and OVA-challenged allergic mouse model. The interaction between cardamonin and dTCTP was confirmed by SPR assay. Cardamonin was found to reduce the secretion of IL-8 caused by dTCTP in BEAS-2B cells by interacting with dTCTP. This interaction between dTCTP and cardamonin was confirmed through kinetic analysis (KD = 4.72 ± 0.07 μM). Also, cardamonin reduced the migration of various inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), inhibited OVA specific IgE secretion and bronchial remodeling. In addition, cardamonin was observed to have an anti-allergic response by inhibiting the activity of NF-κB. Cardamonin exerts anti-allergic anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting dTCTP, suggesting that it may be useful in the therapy of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haejun Pyun
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Cho
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.,Fluorescence Core Imaging Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Seo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyunglim Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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18
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Juarez-Facio AT, Martin de Lagarde V, Monteil C, Vaugeois JM, Corbiere C, Rogez-Florent T. Validation of a Fast and Simple HPLC-UV Method for the Quantification of Adenosine Phosphates in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:6324. [PMID: 34684903 PMCID: PMC8540776 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A new HPLC method for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) was developed and validated. ATP, ADP, and AMP were extracted from human bronchial epithelial cells with a rapid extraction procedure and separated with a C18 column (3 × 150 mm, 2.7 µm) using isocratic elution with a mobile phase consisting of 50 mM of potassium hydrogen phosphate (pH 6.80). The absorbance was monitored at 254 nm. The calibration curves were linear in 0.2 to 10 µM, selective, precise, and accurate. This method allowed us to quantify the nucleotides from two cell models: differentiated NHBE primary cells grown at the air-liquid interface (ALI) and BEAS-2B cell line. Our study highlighted the development of a sensitive, simple, and green analytical method that is faster and less expensive than other existing methods to measure ATP, ADP, and AMP and can be carried out on 2D and 3D cell models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tiphaine Rogez-Florent
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN, ABTE, 76000 Rouen, France; (A.T.J.-F.); (V.M.d.L.); (C.M.); (J.-M.V.); (C.C.)
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19
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Gea M, Bonetta S, Marangon D, Pitasi FA, Armato C, Gilli G, Bert F, Fontana M, Schilirò T. In Vitro Effects of Particulate Matter Associated with a Wildland Fire in the North-West of Italy. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:10812. [PMID: 34682553 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Wildland fires, increasing in recent decades in the Mediterranean region due to climate change, can contribute to PM levels and composition. This study aimed to investigate biological effects of PM2.5 (Ø < 2.5 µm) and PM10 (Ø < 10 µm) collected near a fire occurred in the North-West of Italy in 2017 and in three other areas (urban and rural areas). Organic extracts were assessed for mutagenicity using Ames test (TA98 and TA100 strains), cell viability (WST-1 and LDH assays) and genotoxicity (Comet assay) with human bronchial cells (BEAS-2B) and estrogenic activity using a gene reporter assay (MELN cells). In all sites, high levels of PM10 and PM2.5 were measured during the fire suggesting that near and distant sites were influenced by fire pollutants. The PM10 and PM2.5 extracts induced a significant mutagenicity in all sites and the mutagenic effect was increased with respect to historical data. All extracts induced a slight increase of the estrogenic activity but a possible antagonistic activity of PM samples collected near fire was observed. No cytotoxicity or DNA damage was detected. Results confirm that fires could be relevant for human health, since they can worsen the air quality increasing PM concentrations, mutagenic and estrogenic effects.
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20
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Pan S, Wang Q, Zhang Q, Zhou M, Li L, Zhou X. A novel circular RNA, circPUS7 promotes cadmium-induced transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells by regulating Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog expression via sponging miR-770. Metallomics 2021; 13:6316787. [PMID: 34232319 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is a human carcinogen, which induces cancers by mechanisms that are not fully understood. Induction of oxidative stress, apoptosis resistance, genotoxic effects, and epigenetic modulations have been indicated to regulate cadmium-induced carcinogenesis. Circular RNAs are epigenetic regulators that have been recognized to play essential roles in carcinogenesis. Yet, the involvement of circular RNAs in cadmium carcinogenesis remains unclear. In this study, a novel circular RNA, circPUS7, was identified and described for the first time. CircPUS7 was significantly upregulated at week 12, 16, and 20 during the cadmium-induced transformation of human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. Knockdown of circPUS7 in cadmium-transformed BEAS-2B (T-BEAS-2B) cells significantly attenuated transformation markers including cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and anchorage-independent growth. Moreover, circPUS7 promoted malignant phenotypes by competitively binding with miR-770. Overexpression of miR-770 significantly inhibited the transformation properties of T-BEAS-2B cells while inhibition of miR-770 potently reversed the inhibitory effects of circPUS7 knockdown in proliferation, migration, invasion, and anchorage-independent growth of the T-BEAS-2B cells. Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), which was increased synchronically with circPUS7 during cadmium-induced cell transformation, was regulated by circPUS7 through sponging miR-770. In summary, our findings demonstrate that circPUS7 promotes cadmium-induced cell transformation through sponging miR-770 to regulate KRAS expression, providing a new perspective with the involvement of circular RNAs to further understand the mechanisms of cadmium carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Pan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Mei Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Luyao Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
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21
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Barthel H, Darne C, Gaté L, Visvikis A, Seidel C. Continuous Long-Term Exposure to Low Concentrations of MWCNTs Induces an Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in BEAS-2B Cells. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:1742. [PMID: 34361127 PMCID: PMC8308165 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the field of nanotechnology, the use of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is growing. Pulmonary exposure during their production, use, and handling is raising concerns about their potential adverse health effects. The purpose of this study is to assess how the physical characteristics of MWCNTs, such as diameter and/or length, can play a role in cellular toxicity. Our experimental design is based on the treatment of human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) for six weeks with low concentrations (0.125-1 µg/cm2) of MWCNTs having opposite characteristics: NM-403 and Mitsui-7. Following treatment with both MWCNTs, we observed an increase in mitotic abnormalities and micronucleus-positive cells. The cytotoxic effect was delayed in cells treated with NM-403 compared to Mitsui-7. After 4-6 weeks of treatment, a clear cellular morphological change from epithelial to fibroblast-like phenotype was noted, together with a change in the cell population composition. BEAS-2B cells underwent a conversion from the epithelial to mesenchymal state as we observed a decrease in the epithelial marker E-cadherin and an increased expression of mesenchymal markers N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Fibronectin. After four weeks of recovery, we showed that the induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition is reversible, and that the degree of reversibility depends on the MWCNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Barthel
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, CEDEX, F-54519 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (H.B.); (C.D.); (L.G.)
- Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), Biopôle, Campus Biologie Santé, UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, CEDEX, F-54000 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France;
| | - Christian Darne
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, CEDEX, F-54519 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (H.B.); (C.D.); (L.G.)
| | - Laurent Gaté
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, CEDEX, F-54519 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (H.B.); (C.D.); (L.G.)
| | - Athanase Visvikis
- Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), Biopôle, Campus Biologie Santé, UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, CEDEX, F-54000 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France;
| | - Carole Seidel
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, CEDEX, F-54519 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (H.B.); (C.D.); (L.G.)
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22
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Kim YJ, Jeon WY, Hwang YH, Lee MY. Inhibitory Effects of Gyeji-Tang on MMP-9 Activity and the Expression of Adhesion Molecules in IL-4- and TNF-α-Stimulated BEAS-2B Cells. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:951. [PMID: 34068739 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Gyeji-tang (GJT), a traditional herbal formula composed of five herbal medicines, is commonly used to treat the common cold, exogenous febrile disease, fever and headaches in Korea, China and Japan. Although various pharmacological activities of GJT have been reported in several studies, the effect of GJT water extract (GJTWE) on airway inflammation has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of GJTWE on airway inflammation-related factors using human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells, and to identify the phytochemicals in GJTWE by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-MS/MS) analysis. GJTWE significantly decreased the production of chemokines, including eotaxin-3, eotaxin-1, regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and matrix metalloproteinase-9, and the expression of the adhesion molecules, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, in interleukin-4 + tumor necrosis factor-α (IT)-stimulated BEAS-2B cells. In the UPLC-DAD-MS/MS analysis, 21 phytochemicals, including six flavonoids, two chalcones, five terpenoids, six phenolics, one phenylpropanoid and one coumarin, were identified in GJTWE. The findings suggested that GJTWE might exhibit anti-inflammatory effects on airway inflammation by regulating the expression of inflammatory response-related factors in IT-stimulated BEAS-2B cells; further studies are required to determine the bioactive compounds involved in the inhibition of airway inflammation.
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23
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Küçükbay H, Uçkun M, Apohan E, Yeşilada Ö. Cytotoxic and antimicrobial potential of benzimidazole derivatives. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2100076. [PMID: 33872394 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
New benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized and their structures were characterized by spectroscopic and microanalysis techniques. The cytotoxic properties of ten benzimidazole derivatives, five of which were synthesized in our previous studies, were determined against the lung cancer cell line, A549, and the healthy lung epithelial cell line, BEAS-2B. Among the ten compounds tested, based on the 72-h incubation results, compound 12 was the most cytotoxic against the A549 cell line, whereas against the BEAS-2B cell line, it was as cytotoxic as cisplatin. The IC50 values of compound 12 were 3.98 and 2.94 µg/ml for A549 and BEAS-2B cells, respectively. The cisplatin values were 6.75 and 2.75 µg/ml for A549 and BEAS-2B cells, respectively. Compounds 10, 8, 7, and 13 showed toxic effects against A549 cells, but were less toxic against BEAS-2B cells than cisplatin. The antimicrobial activity of these compounds against pathogenic bacteria and yeasts was also evaluated based on their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. The compounds, except 12 and 13, generally showed higher antimicrobial activity against yeasts, compared with bacteria. Compound 12 showed better activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus than against Escherichia coli. Compounds 7, 8, and 11 were the most effective ones against the microorganisms, and yeasts were highly sensitive to these compounds with MIC values of 25-100 µg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Küçükbay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Uçkun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Elif Apohan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Özfer Yeşilada
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
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24
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Ballesteros S, Barguilla I, Marcos R, Hernández A. Nanoceria, alone or in combination with cigarette-smoke condensate, induce transforming and epigenetic cancer-like features in vitro. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:293-305. [PMID: 33501851 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To detect cell transformation effects of nanoceria after long-term exposure (up to 6 weeks) and to determine their potential interactions with cigarette smoke condensate, as a model of environmental carcinogenic pollutant. Materials & methods: Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2 cells were used to determine transformation effects (invasion and tumorspheres induction), as well as changes in the expression of a battery of miRNAs related to the carcinogenesis process. Results: Nanoceria- and co-exposed cells exhibit cell transforming potential, with significantly increased invasion and tumorsphere formation abilities. Likewise, these exposures produced a high impact on the battery of miRNAs used. Conclusion: Nanoceria exposure induces cell-transformation and shows a positive interaction with the cell-transforming effects of cigarette smoke condensate. Besides, cerium dioxide nanoparticles and the co-exposure produced potential toxicity at the transcriptome level, which is related to tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ballesteros
- Department of Genetics & Microbiology, Group of Mutagenesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Barguilla
- Department of Genetics & Microbiology, Group of Mutagenesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Department of Genetics & Microbiology, Group of Mutagenesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Hernández
- Department of Genetics & Microbiology, Group of Mutagenesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
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25
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Yu Q, Yang S, Li Z, Zhu Y, Li Z, Zhang J, Li C, Feng F, Wang W, Zhang Q. The relationship between endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells induced by cigarette smoke condensate. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:18-28. [PMID: 33613969 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is one of the severe risk factors for the development of the pulmonary disease. However, the underlying mechanisms, especially the CS-induced the human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) apoptosis related to endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and autophagy, remains to be studied. This study aims to investigate the relationship between ERS and autophagy in apoptosis induced by CS condensate (CSC). BEAS-2B cells were stimulated with 0.02, 0.04 and 0.08 mg/ml CSC for 24 h to detect the ERS, autophagy and apoptosis. Then, ERS and autophagy of BEAS-2B cells were inhibited, respectively, by using 4-PBA and 3-MA, and followed by CSC treatment. The results showed that CSC decreased cell viability, increased cell apoptosis, elevated cleaved-caspase 3/pro-caspase 3 ratio and Bax expressions, but decreased Bcl-2 expressions. The GRP78 and CHOP expressions and LC3-II/LC3-I ratio were dose-dependently increased. The structure of the endoplasmic reticulum was abnormal and the number of autolysosomes was increased in BEAS-2B cells after CSC stimulation. The LC3-II/LC3-I ratio was decreased after ERS inhibition with 4-PBA, but GRP78 and CHOP expressions were enhanced after autophagy inhibition with 3-MA. CSC-induced apoptosis was further increased, Bax expressions and cleaved-caspase 3/pro-caspase 3 ratio were improved, but Bcl-2 expressions were decreased after 3-MA or 4-PBA treatment. In conclusion, the study indicates that ERS may repress apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells induced by CSC via activating autophagy, but autophagy relieves ERS in a negative feedback. This study provides better understanding and experimental support on the underlying mechanisms of pulmonary disease stimulated by CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yu
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Sa Yang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhongqiu Li
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yonghang Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhenkai Li
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jiatong Zhang
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chunyang Li
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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26
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Duan S, Yuan H, Yu S, Wei X, Zhou X, Wang W, Feng F, Qu L, Wu Y. Epigenetic-Based Biomarkers in the Malignant Transformation of BEAS-2B Cells Induced by Coal Tar Pitch Extract. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 57:medicina57010024. [PMID: 33383878 PMCID: PMC7823543 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The carcinogenicity of coal tar pitch (CTP) to occupational workers has been confirmed by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, especially for lung cancer. Herein, we explored the dynamic changes of epigenetic modifications in the malignant transformation process of CTP-induced BEAS-2B cells and also provided clues for screening early biomarkers of CTP-associated occupational lung cancer. Material and Methods: BEAS-2B cells treated with 3.0 μg/mL CTP extract (CTPE) were cultured to the 30th passage to set up a malignant transformation model, which was confirmed by platelet clone formation assay and xenograft assay. DNA methylation levels were determined by ultraviolet-high performance liquid chromatography. mRNA levels in cells and protein levels in supernatants were respectively detected by Real-Time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The number of clones and the ability of tumor formation in nude mice of CTPE-exposed BEAS-2B cells at 30th passage were significantly increased compared to vehicle control. Moreover, genomic DNA methylation level was down-regulated. The mRNA levels of DNMT1, DNMT3a and HDAC1 as well as the expression of DNMT1 protein were up-regulated since the 10th passage. From the 20th passage, the transcriptional levels of DNMT3b, let-7a and the expression of DNMT3a, DNMT3b, and HDAC1 proteins were detected to be higher than vehicle control, while the level of miR-21 increased only at the 30th passage. Conclusion: Data in this study indicated that the changes of epigenetic molecules including DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b, HDAC1, and let-7a occurred at the early stages of BEAS-2B cell malignant transformation after CTPE exposure, which provided critical information for screening early biomarkers of CTP-associated occupational lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyin Duan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.D.); (X.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Huijie Yuan
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (H.Y.); (X.W.); (F.F.)
| | - Songcheng Yu
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Xiaoling Wei
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (H.Y.); (X.W.); (F.F.)
| | - Xiaoshan Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.D.); (X.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.D.); (X.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (H.Y.); (X.W.); (F.F.)
| | - Lingbo Qu
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Yongjun Wu
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (H.Y.); (X.W.); (F.F.)
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0371-67781450; Fax: +86-0371-67781868
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27
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Naderi N, Farias R, Abou Rjeili M, Mostafavi-Pour-Manshadi SMY, Krishnan S, Li PZ, Baglole CJ, Bourbeau J. Investigating the effect of pretreatment with azithromycin on inflammatory mediators in bronchial epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke. Exp Lung Res 2020; 47:98-109. [PMID: 33336605 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2020.1857470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of the study: Macrolide therapy is effective in reducing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. Our recent study has shown the effectiveness of taking azithromycin in COPD patients, not only ex-smokers but also current smokers. Beyond their anti-microbial effects, macrolides have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The aim of this study was to determine if pretreatment with azithromycin modulates cigarette smoke-induced inflammation in airway epithelial cells. We hypothesized that pretreatment with azithromycin decreases exacerbation frequency by modulating inflammation in human airway epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke. Materials and methods: BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells were incubated with 5% cigarette smoke extract (CSE) for 3 h, 6 h, and 24 h. Then, airway epithelial cells were pretreated with azithromycin and exposed to 5% CSE. In each stage, the expression and release of IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Results: There was a significant increase of IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA, as well as an increase in extracellular IL-8 protein following exposure to 5% CSE. When cells were pretreated with azithromycin and exposed to 5% CSE for 3 h, there was a significant dose-dependent decrease in the expression of IL-6 mRNA. A final concentration of 9 µg/mL of azithromycin was sufficient to decrease IL-6, IL-8 mRNA, and extracellular IL-8 levels. Conclusion: Pretreatment with azithromycin decreased the expression of IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA and the release of IL-8 in bronchial epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke. These results demonstrate the direct effect of azithromycin on inflammatory mediators in bronchial epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Naderi
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Raquel Farias
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Mira Abou Rjeili
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Suurya Krishnan
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Pei Zhi Li
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology & Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jean Bourbeau
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Méausoone C, Landkocz Y, Cazier F, Seigneur M, Courcot D, Billet S. Toxicological responses of BEAS-2B cells to repeated exposures to benzene, toluene, m-xylene, and mesitylene using air-liquid interface method. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:1262-1274. [PMID: 33269480 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In order to reduce exposure to toxic chemicals, the European REACH regulation (1907/2006) recommends substituting toxic molecules with compounds that are less harmful to human health and the environment. Toluene is one of the most frequently used solvents in industries despite its toxicity. The objective of this study is to better understand and compare the toxicity of toluene and its homologues in a bronchial cell model. Thus, human bronchial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to steams of toluene, m-xylene, mesitylene (1,3,5-trimethylbenzene), and benzene (20 and 100 ppm). Exposure was carried out using an air-liquid interface (ALI) system (Vitrocell) during 1 h/day for 1, 3, or 5 days. Cytotoxicity, xenobiotic metabolism enzyme gene expression, and inflammatory response were evaluated following cell exposures. BEAS-2B cell exposure to toluene and its homologues revealed the involvement of major (CYP2E1) and minor metabolic pathways (CYP1A1). A late induction of genes (EPHX1, DHDH, ALDH2, and ALDH3B1) was measured from Day 3 and can be linked to the formation of metabolites. An increase in the secretion level of inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and GM-CSF) was also observed. In parallel, regulation between inflammatory mediators and the expression of transmembrane glycoprotein mucin MUC1 was also studied. This in vitro approach with ALI system points out the relevance of conducting repeated exposures to detect potential late effects. The difference recorded after cell exposure to toluene and its homologues highlights the importance of substitution principle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Méausoone
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkirk, France
| | - Yann Landkocz
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkirk, France
| | - Fabrice Cazier
- Centre Commun de Mesures, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkirk, France
| | - Marianne Seigneur
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkirk, France
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkirk, France
| | - Sylvain Billet
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkirk, France
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Li Z, Wang W, Meng L, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Li C, Wu Y, Feng F, Zhang Q. Identification and analysis of key lncRNAs in malignant-transformed BEAS-2B cells induced with coal tar pitch by microarray analysis. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 79:103376. [PMID: 32470693 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the key and differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and elucidates their possible mechanisms in malignant-transformed Human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells induced by coal tar pitch extracts (CTPE). BEAS-2B cells were stimulated with 2.4 μg/ml CTPE, then passaged for three times which were named CTPE1 and then passaged until passage 30 (CTPE30). The results showed that cells of CTPE30 appeared abnormal morphology. Furthermore, migration, clonality and proliferation of cells in CTPE group were significantly increased compared with those in control groups. However, the apoptosis of cells in CTPE group was inhibited. A total of 569 differentially expressed mRNAs and 707 differentially expressed lncRNAs were screened out, among which four lncRNAs were validated and were consistent with the microarray results. 32 target genes were screened out by Co-expression network. The study suggests that differentially expressed lncRNAs may play a potential role in lung carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqiu Li
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, 450001, China
| | - Weiguang Wang
- Rizhao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Rizhao, Shandong province, 276800, China
| | - Liya Meng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, 450001, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, 450001, China
| | - Jiatong Zhang
- Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, China
| | - Chunyang Li
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, 450001, China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, 450001, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, 450001, China.
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, 450001, China.
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Yoshino Y, Yamamoto A, Misu K, Wakabayashi Y, Kitazawa T, Ota Y. Exposure to low temperatures suppresses the production of B-cell activating factor via TLR3 in BEAS-2B cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 24:100809. [PMID: 32923700 PMCID: PMC7474404 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute viral respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are commonly associated with cold weather; however, the mechanism behind this is still unclear. Secretory IgA (sIgA) mainly contributes to the immune response against pathogenic microorganisms in the respiratory tract. Certain pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) induce the expression of B-cell activating factor (BAFF) in epithelial cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. BAFF transforms B cells into plasma cells, which leads to the mass production of immunoglobulins, including IgA, on the mucosal epithelium. However, no studies have described the relationship between cold exposure and BAFF and/or sIgA in RTI. The aim of our study was to determine this relationship in vitro by investigating the effect of low temperature on BAFF production by BEAS-2B cells after the addition of toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands. We showed stimulation of polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), which led BEAS-2B to produce interferon (IFN)-β. IFN-β itself induced BEAS-2B cells to produce BAFF. Janus kinase inhibitor I decreased the amount of BAFF produced in BEAS-2B cells upon stimulation with IFN-β and poly I:C. Significantly less BAFF was produced post-poly I:C stimulation in low-temperature conditions than in normal-temperature conditions (mean ± SD: 41.2 ± 23.3 [33 °C] vs. 138.3 ± 7.1 pg/mL [37 °C], P = 0.05). However, the low-temperature condition itself was not cytotoxic. The stimulation of poly I:C produced BAFF from BEAS2B cells via IFN-β production and the JAK/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway played an important role in BAFF production in BEAS-2B cells. Cold exposure reduced BAFF production by BEAS2B cells after stimulation with the TLR3 ligand. Cold exposure may, therefore, suppress the production of BAFF, resulting in the inhibition of IgA secretion in the bronchial epithelium, which explains the increased frequency of RTIs in cold weather. Relationship between cold exposure and B-cell activating factor (BAFF) was assessed. BAFF produced post poly I:C stimulation was lesser under low-temperature conditions. Cold exposure may suppress BAFF production to inhibit IgA secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Yoshino
- Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8606, Japan
| | - Ai Yamamoto
- Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8606, Japan
| | - Keita Misu
- Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8606, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Wakabayashi
- Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8606, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Kitazawa
- Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8606, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ota
- Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8606, Japan
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Jang BK, Lee JW, Choi H, Yim SV. Aronia melanocarpa Fruit Bioactive Fraction Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090816. [PMID: 32887408 PMCID: PMC7554917 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To demonstrate the anti-inflammatory activity of Aronia melanocarpa fruit extract, human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the effects of aronia bioactive fraction (ABF®), anthocyanin enriched extract from the fruit of A. melanocarpa, were evaluated. Following pretreatment with ABF® at 10–25 µg /mL, BEAS-2B cells were exposed to LPS and the expression of inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-6, IL-8, regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and presumably secreted [RANTES], IL-1β, cyclooxygenase-2 [COX-2], and inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS]) was analyzed. In LPS-stimulated BEAS-2B cells, ABF® pretreatment significantly decreased the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, RANTES, IL-1β, and COX-2 at doses of 10 and 25 µg/mL. ABF® also attenuated the secretion of TNF- α, IL-6, IL-8, and RANTES protein, as demonstrated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Western blot analyses revealed the decreased expression of COX-2 and iNOS following ABF® treatment. ROS production was decreased, and the cell cycle was arrested at the G0/G1 and S phases following ABF® pretreatment. Our results suggest that ABF® may have potential as a nutraceutical agent for the suppression of airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Keun Jang
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Korea;
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Hyun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Sung-Vin Yim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +82-2-968-0560
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Lv X, Wang L, Zhu T. MiR-20a-5p suppressed TGF-β1-triggered apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells by targeting STAT3. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 50:101499. [PMID: 31883454 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2019.101499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis of bronchial epithelial cells contributes to lung diseases, including asthma. Although miR-20a-5p is reportedly downregulated in the bronchial epithelia of asthmatic patients, its function and mechanism still need to be explored. Here, we explored how miR-20a-5p affects human bronchial epithelial cells stimulated with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. Using qRT-PCR, we observed downregulated miR-20a-5p levels in these cells. After transfecting miR-20a-5p mimics or inhibitors into human bronchial epithelium BEAS-2B cells, a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry analysis showed that the mimics mitigated suppression of cell viability and acceleration of apoptosis that was triggered by TGF-β1, whereas the inhibitors exerted the opposite effects. TGF-β1 induced a decrease in expression of Bcl-2 and an increase in expression of Bax, both of which were inhibited by miR-20a-5p mimics and further enhanced by miR-20a-5p inhibitors. Further study verified that miR-20a-5p targeted the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and the STAT3 level was inversely related to the miR-20a-5p level. Furthermore, STAT3 overexpression partly counteracted the miR-20a-5p-induced anti-apoptotic effect in TGF-β1-treated BEAS-2B cells. In summary, this study suggested that miR-20a-5p restrained apoptosis in TGF-β1-stimulated BEAS-2B cells by targeting STAT3. MiR-20a-5p thus may be a novel therapeutic target for asthma treatment.
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García-Rodríguez A, Kazantseva L, Vila L, Rubio L, Velázquez A, Ramírez MJ, Marcos R, Hernández A. Micronuclei Detection by Flow Cytometry as a High-Throughput Approach for the Genotoxicity Testing of Nanomaterials. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:E1677. [PMID: 31771274 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thousands of nanomaterials (NMs)-containing products are currently under development or incorporated in the consumer market, despite our very limited understanding of their genotoxic potential. Taking into account that the toxicity and genotoxicity of NMs strongly depend on their physicochemical characteristics, many variables must be considered in the safety evaluation of each given NM. In this scenario, the challenge is to establish high-throughput methodologies able to generate rapid and robust genotoxicity data that can be used to critically assess and/or predict the biological effects associated with those NMs being under development or already present in the market. In this study, we have evaluated the advantages of using a flow cytometry-based approach testing micronucleus (MNs) induction (FCMN assay). In the frame of the EU NANoREG project, we have tested six different NMs—namely NM100 and NM101 (TiO2NPs), NM110 (ZnONPs), NM212 (CeO2NPs), NM300K (AgNPs) and NM401 (multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)). The obtained results confirm the ability of AgNPs and MWCNTs to induce MN in the human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cell line, whereas the other tested NMs retrieved non-significant increases in the MN frequency. Based on the alignment of the results with the data reported in the literature and the performance of the FCMN assay, we strongly recommend this assay as a reference method to systematically evaluate the potential genotoxicity of NMs.
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Nakamoto K, Watanabe M, Sada M, Inui T, Nakamura M, Honda K, Wada H, Ishii H, Takizawa H. Pseudomonas aeruginosa-derived flagellin stimulates IL-6 and IL-8 production in human bronchial epithelial cells: A potential mechanism for progression and exacerbation of COPD. Exp Lung Res 2019; 45:255-266. [PMID: 31517562 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2019.1665147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background and purpose of the study: Pseudomonas aeruginosa commonly colonizes the airway of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and exacerbates their symptoms. P. aeruginosa carries flagellin that stimulates toll-like receptor (TLR)-5; however, the role of flagellin in the pathogenesis of COPD remains unclear. The aim of the study was to evaluate the mechanisms of the flagellin-induced innate immune response in bronchial epithelial cells, and to assess the effects of anti-inflammatory agents for treatment. Materials and methods: We stimulated BEAS-2B cells with P. aeruginosa-derived flagellin, and assessed mRNA expression and protein secretion of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8. We also used mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) inhibitors to assess the signaling pathways involved in flagellin stimulation, and investigated the effect of clinically available anti-inflammatory agents against flagellin-induced inflammation. Results: Flagellin promoted protein and mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in BEAS-2B cells and induced phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK; p38 phosphorylation-induced IL-6 production, while IL-8 production resulted from p38 and ERK phosphorylation. Fluticasone propionate (FP) and dexamethasone (DEX) suppressed IL-6 and IL-8 production in BEAS-2B cells, but clarithromycin (CAM) failed to do so. Conclusions: P. aeruginosa-derived flagellin-induced IL-6 and IL-8 production in bronchial epithelial cells, which partially explains the mechanisms of progression and exacerbation of COPD. Corticosteroids are the most effective treatment for the suppression of flagellin-induced IL-6 and IL-8 production in the bronchial epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Nakamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Masato Watanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Mitsuru Sada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Toshiya Inui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Masuo Nakamura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Kojiro Honda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Hiroo Wada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Haruyuki Ishii
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Hajime Takizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
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Wu J, Sun B, Zhang S, Zhang J, Tong J, Nie J, Li J. Effects of radon on miR-34a-induced apoptosis in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2019; 82:913-919. [PMID: 31496443 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1665350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Radon exposure is known to be the second most frequent cause followed by tobacco exposure for lung cancer development. In lung cancer development, microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in regulating various target genes associated with this disease. It is well-established that apoptosis is involved in the elimination of cancer cells. However, the mechanisms underlying chronic radon exposure induced miRNAs regulation attributed to result in carcinogenesis and subsequent activation of apoptosis is not completely understood. The aim of this study was thus to examine chronic low level radon exposure on lung miRNAs as a model for carcinogenesis induction and subsequent activation of apoptosis using human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and flow cytometry were used to determine the miR-34a gene expression and apoptotic rate in BEAS-2B cells. Data demonstrated that chronic radon exposure up-regulated the expressions of miR-34a and enhanced cellular apoptosis in a time-dependent manner. Western blot analysis demonstrated that overexpression of the gene miR-34a enhanced apoptotic rate and elevated proapoptotic Bax protein expression accompanied by decreased protein expressions of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 and PARP-1. It is noteworthy that the apoptotic rate was elevated in BEAS-2B cells transfected with mi-R34a mimic but reduced in mi-R34a inhibitor-transfected cells. Evidence thus indicates that chronic exposure to radon produced up-regulation of miR-34a gene which subsequently enhanced apoptosis in BEAS-2B cells. The observed consequences following chronic radon exposure leading to carcinogenesis appear to involve activation of miR-34a gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , JS , People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Sun
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , JS , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , JS , People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , JS , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Tong
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , JS , People's Republic of China
| | - Jihua Nie
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , JS , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxiang Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University , Suzhou , JS , People's Republic of China
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Kacar S, Sahinturk V, Kutlu HM. Effect of acrylamide on BEAS-2B normal human lung cells: Cytotoxic, oxidative, apoptotic and morphometric analysis. Acta Histochem 2019; 121:595-603. [PMID: 31109687 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to the broad toxic relevance of acrylamide, many measures have been taken since the 1900s. These measures increased day by day when acrylamide was discovered in foods in 2002, and its toxic spectrum was found to be wider than expected. Therefore, in some countries, the products with higher acrylamide content were restricted. On the other hand, the effects of acrylamide on the respiratory system cells have yet to be well understood. In this study, we aimed at investigating the effect of acrylamide on lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells. Initially, the cytotoxic effect of acrylamide on BEAS-2B was determined by MTT assay. Then, cellular oxidative stress was measured. Flow cytometry analysis was conducted for Annexin-V and caspase 3/7. Furthermore, Bax, Bcl-2 and Nrf-2 proteins were evaluated by immunocytochemistry. Finally, acrylamide-induced cellular morphological changes were observed under confocal and TEM microscopes. According to MTT results, the IC50 concentration of acrylamide was 2.00 mM. After acrylamide treatment, oxidative stress increased dose-dependently. Annexin V-labelled apoptotic cells and caspase 3/7 activity were higher than untreated cells in acrylamide-treated cells. Immunocytochemical examination revealed a marked decrease in Bcl-2, an increase in Bax and Nrf-2 protein staining upon acrylamide treatment. Furthermore, in confocal and TEM microscopy, apoptotic hallmarks were pronounced. In the present study, acrylamide was suggested to display anti-proliferative activity, decrease viability, induce apoptosis and oxidative stress and cause morphological changes in BEAS-2B cells.
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Liu J, Chen X, Dou M, He H, Ju M, Ji S, Zhou J, Chen C, Zhang D, Miao C, Song Y. Particulate matter disrupts airway epithelial barrier via oxidative stress to promote Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:2617-2627. [PMID: 31372298 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.05.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Airborne particulate matter (PM) is associated with increasing susceptibility to respiratory bacterial infection. Tight junctions (TJs) are protein complexes that form airway epithelial barrier against infection. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PM on the airway TJs in response to infection. Methods The cytotoxicity of PM to BEAS-2B was evaluated. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured by the flow cytometry. Colony forming units (CFUs) assay and confocal microscopy were utilized to evaluate the number of bacteria. Immunofluorescence and western blot assay were conducted to detect the expressions of TJs proteins. Animal models were used to investigate the role of TJs in PM-induced lung injury upon bacterial infection. Results In vitro, PM decreased cell viability, increased ROS production, and increased the number of intracellular bacteria accompanying by the degradation of TJs. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) significantly reversed the PM-induced bacterial invasion and PM-induced disruption of TJs. In vivo, PM increases bacteria-infected lung injury, lung bacteria burden and blood bacterial dissemination, which was closely correlated to the degradation of TJs. Conclusions PM disrupts TJs via oxidative stress to promote bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinguo Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Maosen Dou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mohan Ju
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shimeng Ji
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cuicui Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Changhong Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuanlin Song
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Qingpu Branch, Shanghai 200032, China
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Duan S, Wang N, Huang L, Shao H, Zhang P, Wang W, Wu Y, Wang J, Liu H, Zhang Q, Feng F. NLRP3 inflammasome activation involved in LPS and coal tar pitch extract-induced malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells. Environ Toxicol 2019; 34:585-593. [PMID: 30698909 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory microenvironment has been found as a new characteristic of cancer; however, the mechanisms of inflammation-related lung cancer remain unclear. To explore the role of NLRP3 inflammsome activation in inflammation-related lung carcinogenesis, a cell model was set up. Human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) were stimulated with 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 hours, and then treated with 2.4 μg/mL coal tar pitch extract (CTPE) for 24 hours, after removal of LPS and CTPE, the cells were numbered passage 1 and were passaged and treated in this way until passage 30, which was called LPS + CTPE group. DMSO and Saline were used as vehicle controls. Malignant transformation of cells in passage 30 was evaluated by morphological change, platelet clone formation assay, and tumor formation in nude mice. The mRNA levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β were detected by real time-PCR. The combination of NLRP3 and caspase-1 were determined using immunofluorescence and confocal. The protein expression of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1(p10), and cleaved IL-1β was detected using Western blot. It was shown that CTPE, LPS + CTPE-stimulated BEAS-2B cells of passage 30 changed a lot morphologically. The clone formation rates, the rates of positive cells of NLRP3 and caspase-1 combination, the mRNA levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β, the protein expression of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1(p10) and cleaved IL-1β of cells exposed with CTPE and LPS + CTPE at passage 30 were significantly increased compared to vehicle controls. Furthermore, the ability of tumor formation in nude mice, the rates of clone formation and positive cells, mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3 inflammasome activation-related factors in LPS + CTPE-induced cells were all higher than those in cells stimulated with CTPE alone. In conclusion, the cell model of inflammation-related lung cancer is set up successfully, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation may be involved in the malignant transformation of BEAS-2B cells which induced by CTPE alone or LPS combined with CTPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyin Duan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Na Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Huang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hua Shao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft tissue sarcoma, The Affiliated Cancer hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pulmonary, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Pulmonary, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Ursini CL, Campopiano A, Fresegna AM, Ciervo A, Cannizzaro A, Angelosanto F, Maiello R, Iavicoli S, Cavallo D. Alkaline earth silicate (AES) wools: Evaluation of potential cyto-genotoxic and inflammatory effects on human respiratory cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 59:228-237. [PMID: 31002973 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Biosoluble AES wools are increasingly used since considered not hazardous, however, few toxicity studies are available. We evaluated cytotoxic, genotoxic-oxidative and inflammatory effects of two differently soluble AES wools, AES1 (high MgO percentage) and AES2 (high CaO percentage), on alveolar (A549) and bronchial (BEAS-2B) cells. Fiber dimensions and dissolution in cell media were evaluated by SEM analysis. Cell viability, LDH release, direct/oxidative DNA damage (fpg-comet assay) and IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α release (ELISA), were analysed after 24 h exposure to 2-200 μg/ml. On A549 cells AES1 induced LDH release, slight direct DNA damage and oxidative DNA damage with very high IL-6 release at 100 μg/ml; AES2 induced higher DNA damage than AES1 and slight oxidative DNA damage. On BEAS-2B cells we found direct DNA damage (higher for AES1) and slight oxidative DNA damage (associated to slight increased IL-6 and IL-8 release for AES1). The higher genotoxicity of more soluble AES2 on A549 cells could be explained by higher respirable fibers % and fiber number/μg found after 24 h in RPMI-medium at 100 μg/ml. The higher membrane damage, oxidative DNA damage and inflammation induced by AES1 in A549 cells could be due to the higher DLG and silica percentage. These findings suggest further investigations on AES toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia L Ursini
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL - Italian Worker's Compensation Authority, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy.
| | - Antonella Campopiano
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL - Italian Worker's Compensation Authority, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna M Fresegna
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL - Italian Worker's Compensation Authority, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
| | - Aureliano Ciervo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL - Italian Worker's Compensation Authority, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
| | - Annapaola Cannizzaro
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL - Italian Worker's Compensation Authority, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Angelosanto
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL - Italian Worker's Compensation Authority, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Maiello
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL - Italian Worker's Compensation Authority, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Iavicoli
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL - Italian Worker's Compensation Authority, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
| | - Delia Cavallo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL - Italian Worker's Compensation Authority, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
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Chen P, Tian K, Tu W, Zhang Q, Han L, Zhou X. Sirtuin 6 inhibits MWCNTs-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human bronchial epithelial cells via inactivating TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 374:1-10. [PMID: 31005557 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been developed with numerous beneficial applications. However, rodent models demonstrate that exposure to MWCNTs via respiratory pathways results in pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, they could elicit a potential risk of pulmonary fibrosis in humans due to occupational or consumer exposure. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacetylase, has been proved to prevent fibrosis in the liver, renal and myocardial tissues. In this present study, we aimed to explore the role of SIRT6 in MWCNTs-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), one of the major contributor of lung fibrogenesis in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. We found that the protein level of SIRT6 was elevated after exposure to MWCNTs in BEAS-2B cells. Overexpression of SIRT6 significantly inhibited MWCNTs-induced EMT and EMT-like cell behaviors in BEAS-2B cells. Moreover, wild-type SIRT6 was found to decrease MWCNTs-induced phosphorylation of Smad2, but not mutant SIRT6 (H133Y) without histone deacetylase activity. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that SIRT6 inhibited MWCNTs-induced EMT in BEAS-2B cells through TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway, which depended on its deacetylase activity, and provided evidences that targeting SIRT6 could be a potential novel therapeutic strategy for MWCNTs-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Kunming Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Wei Tu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Lianyong Han
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
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Abbas I, Badran G, Verdin A, Ledoux F, Roumie M, Lo Guidice JM, Courcot D, Garçon G. In vitro evaluation of organic extractable matter from ambient PM 2.5 using human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells: Cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory response, genotoxicity, and cell cycle deregulation. Environ Res 2019; 171:510-522. [PMID: 30743243 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A particular attention has been devoted to the type of toxicological responses induced by particulate matter (PM), since their knowledge is greatly complicated by the fact that it is a heterogeneous and often poorly described pollutant. However, despite intensive research effort, there is still a lack of knowledge about the specific chemical fraction of PM, which could be mainly responsible of its adverse health effects. We sought also to better investigate the toxicological effects of organic extractable matter (OEM) in normal human bronchial epithelial lung BEAS-2B cells. The wide variety of chemicals, including PAH and other related-chemicals, found in OEM, has been rather associated with early oxidative events, as supported by the early activation of the sensible NRF-2 signaling pathway. For the most harmful conditions, the activation of this signaling pathway could not totally counteract the ROS overproduction, thereby leading to critical oxidative damage to macromolecules (lipid peroxidation, oxidative DNA adducts). While NRF-2 is an anti-inflammatory, OEM exposure did not trigger any significant change in the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (i.e., TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and IFNγ). According to the high concentrations of PAH and other related organic chemicals found in this OEM, CYP1A1 and 1B1 genes exhibited high transcription levels in BEAS-2B cells, thereby supporting both the activation of the critical AhR signaling pathway and the formation of highly reactive ultimate metabolites. As a consequence, genotoxic events occurred in BEAS-2B cells exposed to this OEM together with cell survival events, with possible harmful cell cycle deregulation. However, more studies are required to implement these observations and to contribute to better decipher the critical role of the organic fraction of air pollution-derived PM2.5 in the activation of some sensitive signaling pathways closely associated with G1/S and intra-S checkpoint blockage, on the one hand, and cell survival, on the other hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Abbas
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission - NCSR, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghidaa Badran
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission - NCSR, Beirut, Lebanon; Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV EA4492, FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France; CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé Humaine (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - Anthony Verdin
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV EA4492, FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Frédéric Ledoux
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV EA4492, FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Mohamed Roumie
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission - NCSR, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Marc Lo Guidice
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé Humaine (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Guillaume Garçon
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé Humaine (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France.
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Ndong Ba A, Cazier F, Verdin A, Garcon G, Cabral M, Courcot L, Diouf A, Courcot D, Gualtieri M, Fall M. Physico-chemical characterization and in vitro inflammatory and oxidative potency of atmospheric particles collected in Dakar city's (Senegal). Environ Pollut 2019; 245:568-581. [PMID: 30469127 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to atmospheric pollutants has been recognized as a major risk factor of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Fine particles (PM2.5) and a coarser fraction (PM>2.5) sampled at an urban site in Dakar (HLM), characterized by high road traffic emissions, were compared with particles sampled at a rural area, Toubab Dialaw located about 40 km from Dakar. The physicochemical characteristics of samples revealed that PMs differ for their physical (surface area) and chemical properties (in terms of CHN, metals, ions, paraffins, VOCs and PAHs) that were 65-75% higher in urban samples. Moreover the fine PMs contain higher amounts of anthropogenic related pollutants than the PM>2.5 one. These differences are sustained by the ratios reported for the analysed PAHs which suggest as predominant primary emission sources vehicle exhausts at urban site and biomass combustion at the rural site. The inflammatory response and the oxidative damages were evaluated in BEAS-2B cells by the quantification of 4 selected inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8) and of total carbonylated proteins and the oxidative DNA adduct 8-OHdG after 8 or 24 h exposure. In accordance with the different sources and different physical and chemical properties, the inflammatory response and the oxidative damages were found higher in bronchial cells exposed to urban PMs. These data confirm the importance, also for West African countries, to evaluate the correlation between PM physico-chemical properties and potential biological impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awa Ndong Ba
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV) EA 4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France; Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Fabrice Cazier
- Centre Commun de Mesures, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Anthony Verdin
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV) EA 4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Guillaume Garcon
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé Humaine (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mathilde Cabral
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Lucie Courcot
- Laboratoire d'Oceanologie et de Geosciences, F-62930, CNRS UMR8187, LOG, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Wimereux, France
| | - Amadou Diouf
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV) EA 4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Maurizio Gualtieri
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV) EA 4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France.
| | - Mamadou Fall
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie et d'Hydrologie, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odontologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
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Hong J, Zhou W, Wang X. Involvement of miR-455 in the protective effect of H 2S against chemical hypoxia-induced injury in BEAS-2B cells. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:1804-1810. [PMID: 30193773 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The protective effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) against hypoxia-induced injury via anti-apoptosis is well established, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate whether miR-455 participated in the H2S protection of lung epithelial cells against CoCl2-induced apoptosis by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related genes. Human lung epithelial cells BEAS-2B were subjected to hypoxia injury with or without H2S preconditioning. It was found that hypoxia injury increased apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells, down-regulated the expression of miR-455, and upregulated the expression of calreticulin (Calr). H2S preconditioning attenuated lung epithelial cells apoptosis, enhanced cell viability, up-regulated the expression of miR-455, as well as down-regulated the expression of Calr following hypoxia injury. In addition, Calr, GRP78, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and Caspase-12 protein was down-regulated by the miR-455 mimic and up-regulated by the miR-455 inhibitor. These results implicate miR-455 regulated H2S protection of lung epithelial cells against hypoxia-induced apoptosis by stimulating Calr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Hong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200435, China
| | - Weizheng Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200435, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200435, China.
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Liu L, Wan C, Zhang W, Guan L, Tian G, Zhang F, Ding W. MiR-146a regulates PM 1 -induced inflammation via NF-κB signaling pathway in BEAS-2B cells. Environ Toxicol 2018; 33:743-751. [PMID: 29667303 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter (PM) leads to kinds of cardiopulmonary diseases, such as asthma, COPD, arrhythmias, lung cancer, etc., which are related to PM-induced inflammation. We have found that PM2.5 (aerodynamics diameter <2.5 µm) exposure induces inflammatory response both in vivo and in vitro. Since the toxicity of PM is tightly associated with its size and components, PM1 (aerodynamics diameter <1.0 µm) is supposed to be more toxic than PM2.5 . However, the mechanism of PM1 -induced inflammation is not clear. Recently, emerging evidences prove that microRNAs play a vital role in regulating inflammation. Therefore, we studied the regulation of miR-146a in PM1 -induced inflammation in human lung bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. The results show that PM1 induces the increase of IL-6 and IL-8 in BEAS-2B cells and up-regulates the miR-146a expression by activating NF-κB signaling pathway. Overexpressed miR-146a prevents the nuclear translocation of p65 through inhibiting the IRAK1/TRAF6 expression, and downregulates the expression of IL-6 and IL-8. Taken together, these results demonstrate that miR-146a can negatively feedback regulate PM1 -induced inflammation via NF-κB signaling pathway in BEAS-2B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Liu
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chong Wan
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Longfei Guan
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Guoxiong Tian
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Ding
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Malinska D, Szymański J, Patalas-Krawczyk P, Michalska B, Wojtala A, Prill M, Partyka M, Drabik K, Walczak J, Sewer A, Johne S, Luettich K, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J, Duszyński J, Szczepanowska J, van der Toorn M, Wieckowski MR. Assessment of mitochondrial function following short- and long-term exposure of human bronchial epithelial cells to total particulate matter from a candidate modified-risk tobacco product and reference cigarettes. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 115:1-12. [PMID: 29448087 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by cigarette smoke is involved in the oxidative stress-induced pathology of airway diseases. Reducing the levels of harmful and potentially harmful constituents by heating rather than combusting tobacco may reduce mitochondrial changes that contribute to oxidative stress and cell damage. We evaluated mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS 2B) following 1- and 12-week exposures to total particulate matter (TPM) from the aerosol of a candidate modified-risk tobacco product, the Tobacco Heating System 2.2 (THS2.2), in comparison with TPM from the 3R4F reference cigarette. After 1-week exposure, 3R4F TPM had a strong inhibitory effect on mitochondrial basal and maximal oxygen consumption rates compared to TPM from THS2.2. Alterations in oxidative phosphorylation were accompanied by increased mitochondrial superoxide levels and increased levels of oxidatively damaged proteins in cells exposed to 7.5 μg/mL of 3R4F TPM or 150 μg/mL of THS2.2 TPM, while cytosolic levels of reactive oxygen species were not affected. In contrast, the 12-week exposure indicated adaptation of BEAS-2B cells to long-term stress. Together, the findings indicate that 3R4F TPM had a stronger effect on oxidative phosphorylation, gene expression and proteins involved in oxidative stress than TPM from the candidate modified-risk tobacco product THS2.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Malinska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Szymański
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Patalas-Krawczyk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bernadeta Michalska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wojtala
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Prill
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Partyka
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Drabik
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Walczak
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alain Sewer
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Johne
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Karsta Luettich
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel C Peitsch
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Hoeng
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Jerzy Duszyński
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Szczepanowska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marco van der Toorn
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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Wu J, Shi Y, Asweto CO, Feng L, Yang X, Zhang Y, Hu H, Duan J, Sun Z. Fine particle matters induce DNA damage and G2/M cell cycle arrest in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:25071-25081. [PMID: 28921051 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0090-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There is compelling evidence that exposure to particulate matter (PM) is linked to lung tumorigenesis. However, there is not enough experimental evidence to support the specific mechanisms of PM2.5-induced DNA damage and cell cycle arrest in lung tumorigenesis. In this study, we investigated the toxic effects and molecular mechanisms of PM2.5 on bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells. PM2.5 exposure reduced cell viability and enhanced LDH activity. The cell growth curves of BEAS-2B cells decreased gradually with the increase in PM2.5 dosage. A significant increase in MDA content and a decrease in GSH-Px activity were observed. The generation of ROS was enhanced obviously, while apoptosis increased in BEAS-2B cells exposed to PM2.5 for 24 h. DNA damage was found to be more severe in the exposed groups compared with the control. For in-depth study, we have demonstrated that PM2.5 stimulated the activation of HER2/ErbB2 while significantly upregulating the expression of Ras/GADPH, p-BRAF/BRAF, p-MEK/MEK, p-ERK/ERK, and c-Myc/GADPH in a dose-dependent manner. In summary, we suggested that exposure to PM2.5 sustained the activation of HER2/ErbB2, which in turn promoted the activation of the Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway and the expression of the downstream target c-Myc. The overexpression of c-Myc may lead to G2/M arrest and aggravate the DNA damage and apoptosis in BEAS-2B after exposure to PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Shi
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Collins Otieno Asweto
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhe Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Yannan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Hejing Hu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
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Ji M, Zhang Y, Li N, Wang C, Xia R, Zhang Z, Wang SL. Nicotine Component of Cigarette Smoke Extract (CSE) Decreases the Cytotoxicity of CSE in BEAS-2B Cells Stably Expressing Human Cytochrome P450 2A13. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2017; 14:ijerph14101221. [PMID: 29027939 PMCID: PMC5664722 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2A13 (CYP2A13), an extrahepatic enzyme mainly expressed in the human respiratory system, has been reported to mediate the metabolism and toxicity of cigarette smoke. We previously found that nicotine inhibited 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) metabolism by CYP2A13, but its influence on other components of cigarette smoke remains unclear. The nicotine component of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was separated, purified, and identified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), splitting CSE into a nicotine section (CSE-N) and nicotine-free section (CSE-O). Cell viability and apoptosis by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry assays were conducted on immortalized human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells stably expressing CYP2A13 (B-2A13) or vector (B-V), respectively. Interestingly, CSE and CSE-O were toxic to BEAS-2B cells whereas CSE-N showed less cytotoxicity. CSE-O was more toxic to B-2A13 cells than to B-V cells (IC50 of 2.49% vs. 7.06%), which was flatted by 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP), a CYP inhibitor. CSE-O rather than CSE or CSE-N increased apoptosis of B-2A13 cells rather than B-V cells. Accordingly, compared to CSE-N and CSE, CSE-O significantly changed the expression of three pairs of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins, Bcl-2 Associated X Protein/B cell lymphoma-2 (Bax/Bcl-2), Cleaved Poly (Adenosine Diphosphate-Ribose) Polymerase/Poly (Adenosine Diphosphate-Ribose) Polymerase (C-PARP/PARP), and C-caspase-3/caspase-3, in B-2A13 cells. In addition, recombination of CSE-N and CSE-O (CSE-O/N) showed similar cytotoxicity and apoptosis to the original CSE. These results demonstrate that the nicotine component decreases the metabolic activation of CYP2A13 to CSE and aids in understanding the critical role of CYP2A13 in human respiratory diseases caused by cigarette smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Ji
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China.
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China.
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Yudong Zhang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Na Li
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China.
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Rong Xia
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China.
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Shou-Lin Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China.
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Li Y, Duan J, Yang M, Li Y, Jing L, Yu Y, Wang J, Sun Z. Transcriptomic analyses of human bronchial epithelial cells BEAS-2B exposed to atmospheric fine particulate matter PM 2.5. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 42:171-181. [PMID: 28412507 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory exposure is the major route of atmospheric PM2.5 entering the human body. Epidemiological studies have indicated that exposure to PM2.5 is associated with increased risk of pulmonary diseases, but the underlying mechanisms remain less clear. In this study, human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) were used to investigate the toxic effect and gene expression changes induced by PM2.5 collected from Beijing, China, based on microarray and following bioinformatic analyses. Gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated that PM2.5 caused significant changes in gene expression patterns related to a series of important functions, covering gene transcription, signal transduction, cell proliferation, cellular metabolic processes, immune response, etc. Additionally, pathway analysis and signal-net analysis showed that PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and TNF signaling pathways were the most prominently significant pathways affected by PM2.5, which play key roles in regulating cell proliferation, cell differentiation, cytoskeleton regulation, and inflammatory response. Finally, for the purpose of verifing the accuracy of microarray analysis, qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of part key genes in the above signaling pathways, which were selected from the signal-net. Our study provided a large amount of information on the molecular mechanism that underling PM2.5 caused pulmonary diseases, and follow-up researches are still needed for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Junchao Duan
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Man Yang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yanbo Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Li Jing
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Ji Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
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Choo WH, Park CH, Jung SE, Moon B, Ahn H, Ryu JS, Kim KS, Lee YH, Yu IJ, Oh SM. Long-term exposures to low doses of silver nanoparticles enhanced in vitro malignant cell transformation in non-tumorigenic BEAS-2B cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 37:41-9. [PMID: 27596524 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To predict carcinogenic potential of AgNPs on the respiratory system, BEAS-2B cells (human bronchial epithelial cells) were chronically exposed to low- and non-cytotoxic dose (0.13 and 1.33μg/ml) of AgNPs for 4months (#40 passages). To assess malignant cell transformation of chronic exposure to AgNPs, several bioassays including anchorage independent agar colony formation, cell migration/invasion assay, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were performed in BEAS-2B cells. Chronic exposure to AgNPs showed a significant increase of anchorage independent agar colony formation and cell migration/invasion. EMT, which is the loss of epithelial markers (E-Cadherin and Keratin) and the gain of mesenchymal marker (N-cadherin and Vimentin), was induced by chronic exposure to AgNPs. These responses indicated that chronic exposure to AgNPs could acquire characteristics of tumorigenic cells from normal BEAS-2B cells. In addition, caspase-3, p-p53, p-p38, and p-JNK were significantly decreased, while p-ERK1/2 was significantly increased. MMP-9 related to cell migration/invasion was upregulated, while a MMP-9 inhibitor, TIMP-1 was down-regulated. These results indicated that BEAS-2B cells exposed to AgNPs could induce anti-apoptotic response/anoikis resistance, and cell migration/invasion by complex regulation of MAPK kinase (p38, JNK, and ERK) and p53 signaling pathways. Therefore, we suggested that long-term exposure to low-dose of AgNPs could enhance malignant cell transformation in non-tumorigenic BEAS-2B cells. Our findings provide useful information needed to assess the carcinogenic potential of AgNPs.
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50
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Vales G, Rubio L, Marcos R. Genotoxic and cell-transformation effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) following in vitro sub-chronic exposures. J Hazard Mater 2016; 306:193-202. [PMID: 26736170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BEAS-2B cells were sub-chronically exposed (up to 4 weeks) to low doses of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT, NM403). Genotoxic effects were evaluated using the comet and the micronucleus (MN) assays at three different time-points. The expression of different interleukins (IL) such as IL-1B, IL-6 and IL-8, as well as HO-1 as stress marker, was assessed after 3 weeks treatments. As a hallmark biomarker of cell-transforming ability we used the soft-agar assay, which detects anchorage-independent cell growth. Our results show high levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated to MWCNT exposure. Nevertheless, an important proportion of these ROS levels seems to be associated to solubilized metals contaminants present in NM403, more than to the internalized MWCNT. No primary DNA damage was obtained in the Comet assay although significant levels of chromosome damage were detected using the micronucleus assay. A significant decrease in the expression of the studied cytokines was observed and significant increases in the number of induced colonies were obtained when the ability of induce anchorage-independent growth was determined. These results show that chromosome damage and reducing inflammatory signalling correlated with an increase in attachment-independent growth associated with sub-chronic MWCNT exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Vales
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Laura Rubio
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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