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Maden Bedel F, Balasar Ö, Şimşek A, Tokgöz H, Çaksen H. Could the 14q23.2 microdeletion or AKAP5 haploinsufficiency be a potential cause of intellectual disability? Psychiatr Genet 2024; 34:71-73. [PMID: 38690958 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Intellectual disability is characterized by impairment in at least two of the following areas: social skills, communication skills, self-care tasks, and academic skills. These impairments are evaluated in relation to the expected standards based on the individual's age and cultural levels. Additionally, intellectual disability is typically defined by a measurable level of intellectual functioning, represented by an intelligence quotients core of 70 or below. Autism spectrum disorder is a developmental disability resulting from differences in the brain, often characterized by problems in social communication and interaction, and limited or repetitive behaviors or interests. Hereditary spherocytosis is a disease characterized by anemia, jaundice, and splenomegaly as a result of increased tendency to hemolysis with morphological transformation of erythrocytes from biconcave disc-shaped cells with central pallor to spherocytes lacking central pallor due to hereditary injury of cellular membrane proteins. An 11-year-old female patient was referred to Pediatric Genetics Subdivision due to the presence of growth retardation and a diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis. Since she also had dysmorphic facial features, such as frontal bossing, broad and prominent forehead, tubular nasal structure, and thin vermillion, genetic tests were performed. Chromosomal microarray analysis revealed a 2.5 Mb deletion in the 14q23.2q23.3 region. Deletion was also identified in the same region in her father, who had the same phenotypic characteristics, including hereditary spherocytosis and learning difficulties. We propose that the PLEKHG3 and AKAP5 genes, which are located in this region, may contribute to the development of intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayize Maden Bedel
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University
| | | | - Ayşe Şimşek
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Konya City Hospital
| | - Hüseyin Tokgöz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Çaksen
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University
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Corradini M, Zanaboni MP, Varesio C, Celario M, Capelli E, Giudice C, Quaranta CA, Mensi MM, Pasca L, De Giorgis V. GLUT1DS focus on dysarthria. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2024; 51:62-70. [PMID: 38851145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
RESEARCH PURPOSE GLUT1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1DS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the SLC2A1 gene that limits the transport of glucose across the blood-brain barrier. Speech disorders and dysarthria are typical findings in patients with GLUT1DS, but have never been deeply phenotyped. The aim of the present study was to characterize speech abilities in a sample of patients with GLUT1DS. RESULTS 30 patients with GLUT1DS were recruited. We reported impairments in different speech and oromotor domains: the speech was characterized by dysarthria, inaccurate articulation of consonants, abnormal nasal resonance, errors in intonation and prosody and low intelligibility. We observed difficulties in motor planning and programming. Moreover, we observed a significant difference between the dysarthric level of impairment with genotype groups. CONCLUSIONS The presence of a speech disorder in patients with GLUT1DS represents a core feature of the syndrome. Our findings suggest that patients with GLUT1DS would benefit from a comprehensive neurocognitive assessment to detect strengths and weaknesses of the speech profile. Understanding the speech and language phenotype in GLUT1DS is critical for planning early intervention to positively influence the global development of patients with GLUT1DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Corradini
- Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Costanza Varesio
- Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Celario
- Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Capelli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carla Giudice
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Headache Science and Neurorehabilitation Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Alberto Quaranta
- Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina Maria Mensi
- Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ludovica Pasca
- Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina De Giorgis
- Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Chen Y, Long J, Wu S, Wei Y, Yan F, Li Q, Yan J, Zhang N, Xu W. Disruption of a DNA G-quadruplex causes a gain-of-function SCL45A1 variant relevant to developmental disorders. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:709-716. [PMID: 38655615 PMCID: PMC11177108 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
SLC45A1 encodes a glucose transporter protein highly expressed in the brain. Mutations in SLC45A1 may lead to neurological diseases and developmental disorders, but its exact role is poorly understood. DNA G-quadruplexes (DNA G4s) are stable structures formed by four guanine bases and play a role in gene regulation and genomic stability. Changes in DNA G4s may affect brain development and function. The mechanism linking alterations in DNA G-quadruplex structures to SLC45A1 pathogenicity remains unknown. In this study, we identify a functional DNA G-quadruplex and its key binding site on SLC45A1 (NM_001080397.3: exon 2: c.449 G>A: p.R150K). This variant results in the upregulation of mRNA and protein expression, which may lead to intellectual developmental disorder with neuropsychiatric features. Mechanistically, the mutation is found to disrupt DNA G-quadruplex structures on SLC45A1, leading to transcriptional enhancement and a gain-of-function mutation, which further causes increased expression and function of the SLC45A1 protein. The identification of the functional DNA G-quadruplex and its effects on DNA G4s may provide new insights into the genetic basis of SLC45A1 pathogenicity and highlight the importance of DNA G4s of SLC45A1 in regulating gene expression and brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineGynaecology and Paediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of EducationWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- West China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Jiang Long
- The Mental Health Centre and the Psychiatric LaboratoryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Sixian Wu
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineGynaecology and Paediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of EducationWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Yazhen Wei
- West China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Fei Yan
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineGynaecology and Paediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of EducationWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Qing Li
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineGynaecology and Paediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of EducationWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Jierui Yan
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineGynaecology and Paediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of EducationWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- National Centre for Birth Defect MonitoringKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and ChildrenMinistry of EducationWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Wenming Xu
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineGynaecology and Paediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of EducationWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
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Choi A, Lee H, Jeong HE, Lee SY, Kwon JS, Han JY, Choe YJ, Shin JY. Association between exposure to antibiotics during pregnancy or early infancy and risk of autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disorder, language disorder, and epilepsy in children: population based cohort study. BMJ 2024; 385:e076885. [PMID: 38777351 PMCID: PMC11109903 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2023-076885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between antibiotic use during pregnancy or early infancy and the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children. DESIGN Nationwide population based cohort study and sibling analysis. SETTING Korea's National Health Insurance Service mother-child linked database, 2008-21. PARTICIPANTS All children live born between 2009 and 2020, followed up until 2021 to compare those with and without antibiotic exposure during pregnancy or early infancy (first six months of life). MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES Autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disorder, language disorder, and epilepsy in children. After 1:1 propensity score matching based on many potential confounders, hazard ratios with 95% confidence interval were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models. A sibling analysis additionally accounted for unmeasured familial factors. RESULTS After propensity score matching, 1 961 744 children were identified for the pregnancy analysis and 1 609 774 children were identified for the early infancy analysis. Although antibiotic exposure during pregnancy was associated with increased risks of all four neurodevelopmental disorders in the overall cohort, these estimates were attenuated towards the null in the sibling analyses (hazard ratio for autism spectrum disorder 1.06, 95% confidence interval 1.01 to 1.12; intellectual disorder 1.00, 0.93 to 1.07; language disorder 1.05, 1.02 to 1.09; and epilepsy 1.03, 0.98 to 1.08). Likewise, no association was observed between antibiotic exposure during early infancy and autism spectrum disorder (hazard ratio 1.00, 0.96 to 1.03), intellectual disorder (1.07, 0.98 to 1.15), and language disorder (1.04, 1.00 to 1.08) in the sibling analyses; however, a small increased risk of epilepsy was observed (1.13, 1.09 to 1.18). The results generally remained consistent across several subgroup and sensitivity analyses, except for slightly elevated risks observed among children who used antibiotics during very early life and those who used antibiotics for more than 15 days. CONCLUSIONS In this large cohort study, antibiotic exposure during pregnancy or early infancy was not associated with an increased risk of autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disorder, or language disorder in children. However, elevated risks were observed in several subgroups such as children using antibiotics during very early life and those with long term antibiotic use, which warrants attention and further investigation. Moreover, antibiotic use during infancy was modestly associated with epilepsy, even after control for indications and familial factors. When prescribing antibiotics to pregnant women and infants, clinicians should carefully balance the benefits of use against potential risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahhyung Choi
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Harvard-MIT Center for Regulatory Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hyesung Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Han Eol Jeong
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Seo-Young Lee
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Medical Bigdata Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Yeol Han
- Korean Mothersafe Counselling Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Young June Choe
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biohealth Regulatory Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
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Hong S, Lee Y, Park W. Evaluating the delivery of physical activity for people with developmental disabilities using an online knowledge translation approach: part 1 - web accessibility. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38436068 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2024.2322637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Background: Knowledge-to-action gap exists in delivering physical activity (PA) to people with developmental disabilities via online platforms. Although web-based platforms have great potential in facilitating the delivery of PA for this target group, the lack of knowledge regarding web accessibility poses a challenge in accessing PA-related information online.Objective: This study evaluates the delivery of PA in terms of web accessibility. It also aims to identify barriers and facilitators in delivering PA knowledge to people with developmental disabilities online to improve web accessibility for the target user group.Methods: The study employs a concurrent nested design incorporating both quantitative (web usability questionnaire) and qualitative data (in-depth interviews). Fifteen pairs of individuals consisting of a person with developmental disabilities and a primary caregiver participated in the study, and three web-based platforms were selected for web accessibility tests and in-depth interviews.Results: The nested analysis provides a quantitative comparison of web accessibility and identifies barriers and facilitators of delivering PA for the target user group from the web accessibility perspective. Conclusion: The study findings could inform the development of accessible online platforms that distribute health-related knowledge to populations with developmental disabilities. Additionally, they could help enhance the design of other platforms intended for these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- San Hong
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongho Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Park
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Gaweł E, Celebańska D, Zwierzchowska A. Differentiation of the body build and posture in the population of people with intellectual disabilities and Down Syndrome: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:406. [PMID: 38326795 PMCID: PMC10851590 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to identify the variables of the internal compensatory mechanisms that differentiate the body build and posture of people with Down syndrome (DS) from the intellectual disability (ID) population. It was assumed that gaining knowledge in the abovementioned aspect will allow for a better understanding of the limitation of the kinesthetic abilities of people with ID and DS and simultaneously enable to optimize the process of planning and interventions to improve physical activity in this population with the adequate use of theirs strengths in the biomechanical and morphofunctional systems. METHODS The methodology of this systematic review was developed according to the PRISMA guidelines. A search of PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus databases was conducted to identify all studies on DS/ID and the body build and posture from 2003 to 2023. RESULTS 395 articles were assessed to determine eligibility, while 22 studies met the inclusion criteria and were subjected to detailed analysis and assessment of their methodological quality. The differentiation of the body build and posture in DS population can be induced by both internal and external compensatory mechanisms. It is difficult to confirm the direct effect of the intrinsic variables that impact the body build and posture in the ID population, excluding people with DS. CONCLUSIONS Compared to other ID, the intrinsic differences in the body build and posture in DS individuals were induced by gender, age, and level of ID. The tendency for diversity between DS and other ID populations in body build and posture may be determined by the presence of the third copy of chromosome 21 in DS group. Internal compensatory processes may be induced mainly by abnormalities in the structure of the cervical vertebrae and feet. IQ should not be used as the only variable that identifies the population of people with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Gaweł
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Diana Celebańska
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Zwierzchowska
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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Esmaeilzadeh E, Jafari Harandi A, Astaraki F, Khorram Khorshid HR. Discriminative features in White-Sutton syndrome: literature review and first report in Iran. Psychiatr Genet 2024; 34:8-14. [PMID: 38019139 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
White-Sutton Syndrome is one of the rare neurodevelopmental disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, mainly caused by de novo mutations in the POGZ gene and shows many phenotypic signs such as intellectual disability, Autism Spectrum Disorder and other spectra. About 70 patients with this syndrome have been reported worldwide. In this paper, we have described different phenotypic features of the White-Sutton Syndrome with a brief review of recent literatures. Finally, we have reported an Iranian male with intellectual disability and visual impairment. We have explained the clinical symptoms of the patient and have compared the patient's phenotype with existing data from individuals with White-Sutton Syndrome. The results of Whole Exome Sequencing test, performed for the patient, declared the presence of a de novo mutation in POGZ gene and confirmed the White-Sutton Syndrome diagnosis.
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El Mouhi H, Abbassi M, Sayel H, Trhanint S, Natiq A, El Hejjioui B, Jalte M, Ahmadi Y, Chaouki S. Autosomal Dominant Intellectual Development Disorder-6 (MRD6) Without Seizures Linked to a De Novo Mutation in the grin2b Gene Revealed by Exome Sequencing: A Case Report of a Moroccan Child. Cureus 2023; 15:e46456. [PMID: 37927744 PMCID: PMC10623208 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant intellectual development disorder-6 (MRD6) arises from a grin2b gene mutation, inducing neurodevelopmental issues. The effects of MRD6 encompass cognitive disabilities, seizures, muscle tone decline, and autism-like traits. Its severity ranges from mild impairment to severe epilepsy. The disorder's rarity is emphasized by roughly 100 reported GRIN2B-related cases, spotlighting the gene's significance in brain development. We present the case of a three-year-old Moroccan boy who was referred to a neuropediatric department for a molecular diagnosis. Initial genetic testing yielded inconclusive results, and subsequent tests for Angelman syndrome and metabolic diseases showed no abnormalities. Given the complexity of the disorder, exome sequencing was employed to identify the underlying genetic cause. Exome sequencing identified a nonsense (STOP) mutation c.3912C>G (p.Tyr1304Ter) in the grin2b gene in the heterozygous state known to be present in MRD6 (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) 613970). The family segregation study shows that this is a de novo variant, which is confirmed by Sanger sequencing. This variant has not been previously reported in the GnomAD database. Based on current scientific knowledge, the variant is considered pathogenic (PVS1, PS2, PM2, PP3, PP5) according to the criteria of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). The mutation in the grin2b gene (p.Tyr1304Ter) was predicted to be deleterious through bioinformatics analysis tools. This study highlights the crucial role of the grin2b gene in normal brain development and communication within the nervous system. It also sheds light on the impact of a novel genetic mutation, identified through exome sequencing, on causing an intellectual developmental disorder in a child patient from Morocco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hinde El Mouhi
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
- Center for Doctoral Studies Engineering Sciences and Techniques, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Onco-genetics, Central Laboratory of Medical Analysis, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Hassan II, Fez, MAR
| | - Meriame Abbassi
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Onco-genetics, Central Laboratory of Medical Analysis, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Hassan II, Fez, MAR
| | - Hanane Sayel
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Onco-genetics, Central Laboratory of Medical Analysis, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Hassan II, Fez, MAR
| | - Said Trhanint
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Onco-genetics, Central Laboratory of Medical Analysis, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Hassan II, Fez, MAR
| | - Abdelhafid Natiq
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, MAR
| | - Brahim El Hejjioui
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Onco-genetics, Central Laboratory of Medical Analysis, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Hassan II, Fez, MAR
| | - Merym Jalte
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-food, and Health (LBEAH), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Onco-genetics, Central Laboratory of Medical Analysis, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Hassan II, Fez, MAR
| | - Youssef Ahmadi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Onco-genetics, Central Laboratory of Medical Analysis, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Hassan II, Fez, MAR
| | - Sana Chaouki
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Hassan II, FEZ, MAR
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9
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Gonzalez L, Sébrié C, Laroche S, Vaillend C, Poirier R. Delayed postnatal brain development and ontogenesis of behavior and cognition in a mouse model of intellectual disability. Neurobiol Dis 2023:106163. [PMID: 37270162 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with impaired cognitive and adaptive behaviors and represents a major medical issue. Although ID-patients develop behavioral problems and are diagnosed during childhood, most behavioral studies in rodent models have been conducted in adulthood, missing precocious phenotypes expressed during this critical time-window characterized by intense brain plasticity. Here, we selectively assessed postnatal ontogenesis of behavioral and cognitive processes, as well as postnatal brain development in the male Rsk2-knockout mouse model of the Coffin-Lowry syndrome, an X-linked disorder characterized by ID and neurological abnormalities. While Rsk2-knockout mice were born healthy, a longitudinal MRI study revealed a transient secondary microcephaly and a persistent reduction of hippocampal and cerebellar volumes. Specific behavioral parameters from postnatal day 4 (P4) unveiled delayed acquisition of sensory-motor functions and alterations of spontaneous and cognitive behaviors during adolescence, which together, represent hallmarks of neurodevelopmental disorders. Together, our results suggest for the first time that RSK2, an effector of the MAPK signaling pathways, plays a crucial role in brain and cognitive postnatal development. This study also provides new relevant measures to characterize postnatal cognitive development of mouse models of ID and to design early therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurine Gonzalez
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, 91400 Saclay, France
| | - Catherine Sébrié
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS, CEA, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Serge Laroche
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, 91400 Saclay, France
| | - Cyrille Vaillend
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, 91400 Saclay, France
| | - Roseline Poirier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, 91400 Saclay, France.
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Thorsson M, Galazka MA, Åsberg Johnels J, Hadjikhani N. A novel end-to-end dual-camera system for eye gaze synchrony assessment in face-to-face interaction. Atten Percept Psychophys 2023:10.3758/s13414-023-02679-4. [PMID: 37099200 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-023-02679-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of face-to-face interaction can provide highly relevant information in cognitive and psychological science research. Current commercial glint-dependent solutions suffer from several disadvantages and limitations when applied in face-to-face interaction, including data loss, parallax errors, the inconvenience and distracting effect of wearables, and/or the need for several cameras to capture each person. Here we present a novel eye-tracking solution, consisting of a dual-camera system used in conjunction with an individually optimized deep learning approach that aims to overcome some of these limitations. Our data show that this system can accurately classify gaze location within different areas of the face of two interlocutors, and capture subtle differences in interpersonal gaze synchrony between two individuals during a (semi-)naturalistic face-to-face interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Thorsson
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Martyna A Galazka
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jakob Åsberg Johnels
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Section of Speech and Language Pathology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nouchine Hadjikhani
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Burdeus-Olavarrieta M, Nevado J, van Weering-Scholten S, Parker S, Swillen A. Consensus recommendations on communication, language and speech in Phelan-McDermid syndrome. Eur J Med Genet 2023; 66:104745. [PMID: 36871884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2023.104745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Phelan-McDermid syndrome is a genetic condition primarily caused by a deletion on the 22q13.3 region or a likely pathogenic/pathogenic variant of SHANK3. The main features comprise global developmental delay, marked impairment or absence of speech, and other clinical characteristics to a variable degree, such as hypotonia or psychiatric comorbidities. A set of clinical guidelines for health professionals covering relevant aspects of clinical management have been written by the European PMS Consortium, and consensus has been reached regarding final recommendations. In this work, attention is given to communication, language and speech impairments in PMS, and the findings from available literature are presented. Findings from the literature review reveal marked speech impairment in up to 88% of deletions and 70% of SHANK3 variants. Absence of speech is frequent and affects 50%-80% of the individuals with PMS. Communicative skills in the expressive domain other than spoken language remain understudied, but some studies offer data on non-verbal language or the use of alternative/augmentative communication support. Loss of language and other developmental skills is reported in around 40% of individuals, with variable course. Deletion size and possibly other clinical variables (e.g., conductive hearing problems, neurological issues, intellectual disability, etc.) are related to communicative and linguistic abilities. Recommendations include regular medical check-ups of hearing and the assessment of other factors influencing communication, thorough evaluation of preverbal and verbal communicative skills, early intervention, and support via alternative/augmentative communication systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Burdeus-Olavarrieta
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; School of Psychology, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Julián Nevado
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain; CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; ITHACA-European Reference Network, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Susanne Parker
- Phelan-McDermid-Gesellschaft e.V. Geschäftsstelle Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Sekretariat Neurologie, Oberer Eselsberg 45, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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- Coordinated by C.M.A. van Ravenswaaij-Arts, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Dept. Genetics, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ann Swillen
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital Leuven, Belgium; Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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Sakalidis KE, Menting SGP, Hettinga FJ. The Role of Cognition and Social Factors in Competition: How Do People with Intellectual Disabilities Respond to Opponents? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2670. [PMID: 36768036 PMCID: PMC9914994 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Exploring pacing behaviour in people with intellectual disabilities (ID) in competition will help to better understand the impact of cognition and social environment in sports, providing support for the shaping of proper inclusive sports environments. The present experimental study aimed to (1) compare the pacing behaviour and performance between people with and without ID who are inexperienced in cycling and (2) investigate how these are influenced by an opponent. Participants with (n = 8) and without ID (n = 10) performed two randomised 4-km maximal cycling trials, alone and against an opponent. Non-parametric tests for repeated measures data (p ≤ 0.05) revealed that people with ID cycled slower, but with higher inter-individual variation (both conditions) and paced themselves differently compared to people without ID when competing against an opponent. In contrast to the previous literature in athletes without ID, the presence of a faster opponent resulted in a decrease in the performance in the participants with ID. The negative influence of the opponent highlights the potential difficulties people with ID experience to adequately use their opponents to enhance their self-regulatory processes and optimize their pacing and performance in maximal exercise trials. Coaches who want to offer inclusive sports environments for people with ID could take these findings into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandianos Emmanouil Sakalidis
- Department of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Stein Gerrit Paul Menting
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 196, 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Florentina Johanna Hettinga
- Department of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
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Bould E, Callaway L, Warren N, Lalor A, Burke J. Pilot of a dog-walking program to foster and support community inclusion for people with cognitive disabilities. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:469-482. [PMID: 35142243 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2034993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate a dog-walking program (called "Dog Buddies") designed to address the need for evidence-based programs that create opportunities for people with cognitive disabilities to be more socially included in mainstream society. The research question was: Does community dog walking foster social interaction for people with cognitive disabilities? MATERIALS AND METHODS Single-case experimental design was used with four individuals (three with intellectual disability; one with Acquired Brain Injury (ABI)) recruited via two disability service providers in Victoria. Target behaviours included frequency and nature of encounters between the person with disability and community members. Change was measured from baseline (five community meetings with a handler but no dog) to intervention period (five meetings minimum, with a handler and a dog). Semi-structured interviews, audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, provided three participants' subjective experiences of the program. RESULTS Dog Buddies increased the frequency of encounters for all participants. The presence of the dog helped to foster convivial encounters, community members were found to be more welcoming, and some participants were recognised or acknowledged by name over time in the intervention phase. CONCLUSIONS The dog-walking program offered a simple means of influencing the frequency and depth of community-based social interactions for people with cognitive disabilities.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONThe co-presence of people with disabilities in the community with the general population does not ensure social interaction occurs.Both disability policy, and the programs or support that is provided to people with disabilities, needs to have a strong commitment to the inclusion of people with disabilities in mainstream communities.Dog Buddies is a promising example of a program where the presence of a pet dog has been demonstrated to support convivial, bi-directional encounters of people with cognitive disabilities and other community members.Dog-walking offers a simple means of influencing the frequency and depth of community-based social interactions for people with cognitive disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Em Bould
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Frankston, Australia
| | - Libby Callaway
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Frankston, Australia
- Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Frankston, Australia
| | - Narelle Warren
- Anthropology, School of Social Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Aislinn Lalor
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Frankston, Australia
- Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Frankston, Australia
| | - Joanne Burke
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Frankston, Australia
- Education, Faculty of Education, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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Sakalidis KE, Fadeeva A, Hettinga FJ, Ling FCM. The role of the social environment in inclusive sports participation-Identifying similarities and challenges in athletes with and without Intellectual Disabilities through coaches' eyes: A qualitative inquiry. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280379. [PMID: 36630463 PMCID: PMC9833589 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the efforts of mainstreaming in sports, inclusive participation of people with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) in sports remains challenging. In sports settings, the social environment may influence the motivation of athletes and promote (or restrict) inclusive sports participation of athletes with ID. Thus, this study aims to explore the motivations of athletes and coaches and to investigate the role of the social environment in sports participation of athletes with and without ID. Coaches who coach athletes with ID (n = 11), athletes without ID (n = 13) and both groups (n = 2) were involved in semi-structured interviews. From the inductive thematic analysis three themes were identified for the sports motivations of athletes with ID (Sport-related Progression, Social Interaction, Positive Emotions), two for their coaches' motivations (Help others, Personal and Professional Development) and four for coaching practices toward athletes with ID (Psychological and Life skills development, Building Meaningful Relationships, Behaviour adaptations and Participation-focused). Moreover, 'Teammates and Opponents' and 'Family' were classified as social agents that influence the sport participation of athletes with ID. Coaches of athletes without ID reported additional themes about their athletes' motivations (Health-related Reasons), their coaching motivations (Career aspirations) and their coaching practices towards athletes without ID (Performance-focused). The motivations of athletes and the practices of coaches could promote sports participation of athletes with ID, but more work is needed to address athletes' sports motivations and overcome the able-ist attitudes and the social oppression that may make their inclusion in sports more challenging. These sports participation barriers and facilitators could provide direction to stakeholders for developing inclusive sports pathways to people with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandianos Emmanouil Sakalidis
- Department of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Anastasia Fadeeva
- Violence and Society Centre, City, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Florentina Johanna Hettinga
- Department of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Fiona Chun Man Ling
- Department of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Wang T, Qian Y, Zhong T, Qi J. Associations between Fundamental Movement Skills and Moderate-to-Vigorous Intensity Physical Activity among Chinese Children and Adolescents with Intellectual Disability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13057. [PMID: 36293635 PMCID: PMC9603295 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Higher physical activity (PA) levels will obtain more health-related benefits for children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID). The mastery of fundamental movement skills (FMS) potentially correlates with PA. This study aimed to examine the associations of FMS with moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) levels in children and adolescents with moderate to severe ID. Moreover, this research analyzes whether there are gender and age differences in the association between these two variables. A total of 93 children and adolescents with ID, aged 8-17 years (mean age = 13.27; SD = 3.35), were recruited from a special school located in western China. The time spent in MVPA was measured using waist-worn accelerometers. FMS proficiency was assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development 2 (TGMD-2). Children and adolescents with ID tend to have delayed maturity of FMS patterns (locomotor skills t (92) = -16.91, p < 0.001, d = 2.48; object control skills t (92) = -25.39, p < 0.001, d = 3.72; total FMS t (92) = -21.83, p < 0.001, d = 3.20) and lower proficiency in objective control skills (t (92) = 3.989, p < 0.001, d = 0.29). A significant positive correlation was found between MVPA and FMS, and this association was moderated by gender and age. For boys, object control skills were a significant predictor of MVPA time (B = 0.842, p < 0.01), whereas locomotor skills were a significant predictor of MVPA time (B = 0.472, p < 0.05) for girls. For children with ID, object control skills were a significant predictor of MVPA time (B = 0.736, p < 0.05). Proficiency in FMS has a positive effect on increasing the level of MVPA in children and adolescents with ID. Gender and age factors should be considered when implementing FMS intervention programs.
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16
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GÜLLER B, YAYLACI F. İletişim bozukluğu tanılı çocuklarda duygusal davranışsal sorunlar, ebeveyn tutum özellikleri, ebeveyn stres düzeyi ve ilişkili faktörlerin sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırılması. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.1125720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to compare emotional and behavioral problems, parental attitude characteristics, and the risk of parental anxiety and depression between children diagnosed with a communication disorder and healthy controls.
Materials and Methods: A total of 117 children diagnosed with a communication disorder in the psychiatric evaluation according to the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria and their parents were included in the communication disorder group, whereas 105 children who presented to the outpatient clinics other than child psychiatry and were not diagnosed with a communication disorder, and their parents formed the control group. Sociodemographic Data Form, Child Adjustment and Parent Efficacy Scale (CAPES-TR), The Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire-Short Form (PSDQSF), and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) were filled in by the parents.
Results: Psychiatric comorbidity was found in 27.3% of the children in the communication disorder group, with the most common diagnoses being Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (n=17, 15.5%) and Conduct disorder (n=4, 3.6%). CAPES-TR child adjustment total difficulty score and the mean scores of emotional problems and behavioral problems were higher in the communication disorder group. The mean CAPES-TR parental self-efficacy score was lower in the communication disorder group. In the communication disorder group, democratic parenting attitudes were lower , whereas authoritarian and permissive parenting attitudes were higher. HAD-D mean score was higher in the communication disorder group.
Conclusion: Our study provides essential information such as an increase in emotional and behavioral problems, more authoritarian or permissive parenting attitudes, a decrease in parental self-efficacy, an increased risk of depression in parents in the presence of communication disorder, and studies that deal with these areas together are limited in the literature. Our findings will contribute to the literature regarding the assessment and planning of appropriate intervention programs for factors that are not only child-focused but also related to parental mental health and parenting skills in the presence of communication disorders.
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Jacob US, Edozie IS, Pillay J. Strategies for enhancing social skills of individuals with intellectual disability: A systematic review. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2022; 3:968314. [PMID: 36188912 PMCID: PMC9513363 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.968314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with intellectual disability who suffer from comorbid mental health problems are likely to experience difficulties in socialising. Deficits in social skills are also associated with challenging behaviours and self-injury. This paper presents global evidence from a systematic review of literature on such issues as ‘interventions’; ‘social skills development’, and ‘individuals with intellectual disability’. A thorough search of various bibliographic databases identified 1 124 academic papers. Ten papers met the inclusion criteria for in-depth analysis concerning the use of interventions to develop social skills among individuals with intellectual disability. The study revealed that the social skills of individuals with intellectual disability had been fostered using different strategies, such as classroom-based intervention, emotional intelligence training, use of a peer network intervention, computer games of emotion regulation, and puppet play therapy. Furthermore, the findings suggest that various aspects like communication, bridging the gap in social skills deficits, emotional recognition and regulation, and adaptive behaviour were fostered using the identified intervention strategy. This review revealed that social skills interventions appeared modestly effective but may not be generalisable to school settings or self-reported social behaviour for individuals with intellectual disability. It is also necessary to increase the sample size in future studies to draw generalisable conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udeme Samuel Jacob
- South African Research Chair in Education and Care in Childhood, Faculty of Education, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Correspondence: Udeme Samuel Jacob
| | - Isioma Sitamalife Edozie
- Department of Special Education, Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Department of Adult and Non - Formal Education, School of Early Childhood Care, Primary, Adult and Non -Formal Education, Federal College of Education (Technical) Asaba, Asaba, Nigeria
| | - Jace Pillay
- South African Research Chair in Education and Care in Childhood, Faculty of Education, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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18
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Kelly N, Kilmartin A, Lannon K, Lee C, McLoughlin R, Mulvanny L, Mohamed O, Treacy M, Rossi K, O'Connell J. Rating scales to measure adverse effects of medications in people with intellectual disability: a scoping review. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 78:1711-1725. [PMID: 36042024 PMCID: PMC9546988 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-022-03375-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Intellectual disability (ID) is a chronic neurodevelopmental condition characterised by limitations in intelligence and adaptive skills with an onset prior to the age of 18 years. People with ID have complex healthcare needs and are more likely than the general population to experience multiple comorbidities and polypharmacy, with subsequent increased risk of adverse medication effects. The aim of this scoping review is to characterise rating scales used to measure adverse effects of medication in people with ID. Methods Four online databases (PsycINFO, Medline, Web of Science and OpenGrey) were searched in April 2020. Studies were assessed for inclusion against pre-specified eligibility criteria. Reference lists of included studies were hand searched. Data extraction was carried out by two independent reviewers and key findings were tabulated for consideration. Studies were assessed for quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Results The search resulted in 512 unique records, of which fifteen met the inclusion criteria. Fourteen scales were identified. All scales assessed adverse effects of psychotropics only. Of the scales, only one, the Matson Evaluation of Drug Side Effects, which focuses on psychotropic medications, was originally developed for use in a population with ID. Conclusion The Matson Evaluation of Drug Side Effects scale appears to be the most reliable and well-researched scale in people with ID. However, a scale which measures adverse effects across multiple medication classes would be valuable for use in this population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00228-022-03375-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neasa Kelly
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew Kilmartin
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kevin Lannon
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caren Lee
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rory McLoughlin
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lara Mulvanny
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Omnyiah Mohamed
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mairead Treacy
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karen Rossi
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Juliette O'Connell
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
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Zhang W, Hu L, Huang X, Xie D, Wu J, Fu X, Liang D, Huang S. Whole-exome sequencing identified five novel de novo variants in patients with unexplained intellectual disability. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24587. [PMID: 35837997 PMCID: PMC9459325 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intellectual disability (ID) represents a neurodevelopmental disorder, which is characterized by marked defects in the intellectual function and adaptive behavior, with an onset during the developmental period. ID is mainly caused by genetic factors, and it is extremely genetically heterogeneous. This study aims to identify the genetic cause of ID using trio‐WES analysis. Methods We recruited four pediatric patients with unexplained ID from non‐consanguineous families, who presented at the Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital. Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing validation were performed in the patients and their unaffected parents. Furthermore, conservative analysis and protein structural and functional prediction were performed on the identified pathogenic variants. Results We identified five novel de novo mutations from four known ID‐causing genes in the four included patients, namely COL4A1 (c.2786T>A, p.V929D and c.2797G>A, p.G933S), TBR1 (c.1639_1640insCCCGCAGTCC, p.Y553Sfs*124), CHD7 (c.7013A>T, p.Q2338L), and TUBA1A (c.1350del, p.E450Dfs*34). These mutations were all predicted to be deleterious and were located at highly conserved domains that might affect the structure and function of these proteins. Conclusion Our findings contribute to expanding the mutational spectrum of ID‐related genes and help to deepen the understanding of the genetic causes and heterogeneity of ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiu Zhang
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guizhou Provincial People's hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Li Hu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guizhou Provincial People's hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Xinyi Huang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Xie
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guizhou Provincial People's hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiangfen Wu
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guizhou Provincial People's hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Guizhou Provincial People's hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Daiyi Liang
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People's hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Shengwen Huang
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guizhou Provincial People's hospital, Guiyang, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunological Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
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Haller K, Stolfi A, Duby J. Comparison of unmet health care needs in children with intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder and both disorders combined. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2022; 66:617-627. [PMID: 35357055 PMCID: PMC9314009 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess the unmet health care needs of children with intellectual disability (ID) compared with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and whether access to health insurance coverage is a contributing factor. Children with ID may be masked in the health care system due to increased diagnosis and awareness of ASD. The needs, unmet needs and insurance coverage of children with ID alone, ASD alone, and co-occurring ID and ASD were assessed in this study. METHODS The 2016 to 2019 United States' Census Bureau National Survey of Children's Health was used to determine differences in unmet needs, care not received and health insurance coverage during the past year for children with ID and/or ASD. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for care not received were determined controlling for sex, insurance, race, age and parents' highest education level. RESULTS Children with ID were nearly four times more likely not to receive needed medical care as children with ASD. Results were similar for unmet hearing and mental health care. Children with both ID and ASD were more likely to have unmet health care but less likely to have unmet medical care compared with children with ASD alone. There were no significant differences for unmet dental or vision care. Children with ID were 3.58 (95% confidence interval: 1.6-8.0) times more likely to have inconsistent health insurance compared with children with ASD. CONCLUSIONS Children with ID alone are more likely to have unmet medical, hearing and mental health care needs than children with ASD alone. Children with co-occurring ID and ASD have a large amount of general unmet health care needs but less unmet medical needs. Children with ID are less likely to have consistent health insurance than children with ASD. This hinders the ability of children with ID to receive quality care. Further research is needed to determine if the diagnosis of ASD in children in the United States is negatively affecting children with ID alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Haller
- Department of PediatricsWright State University Boonshoft School of MedicineDaytonOHUSA
| | - A. Stolfi
- Department of PediatricsWright State University Boonshoft School of MedicineDaytonOHUSA
| | - J. Duby
- Department of PediatricsWright State University Boonshoft School of MedicineDaytonOHUSA
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21
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Rithipukdee N, Kusol K. Factors Associated with the Suspected Delay in the Language Development of Early Childhood in Southern Thailand. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9050662. [PMID: 35626839 PMCID: PMC9139734 DOI: 10.3390/children9050662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Many children have a suspected delay in language development and need extensive support from parents and the health care team. This study aimed to investigate the suspected delay in language development and the factors associated with the suspected delay in language development among early childhood in Southern Thailand. Children aged 24 to 60 months were recruited as study samples using stratified random sampling conducted in 23 districts and simple random sampling in 7 sections (425 children). The research instruments comprised demographic data on the children and families, the preschool temperament questionnaire, and the Language Development Screening questionnaire using the Developmental Surveillance and Promotion Manual and data collected from July 2020 to January 2021. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and logistic regression. The results showed that the suspected delay in development was 40.9 percent. Daily screen time exceeding 2 h per day (AOR = 17.30, 95% CI: 7.35–40.72), and regarding a child’s temperament, moderate-to-difficult temperament (AOR = 9.56, 95% CI: 5.12–17.85) was significantly associated with the suspected delay in language development. Genders, gestational age of early childhood, and the age of the caregivers were not associated with the suspected delay in language development. The study suggested that a decrease in daily screen time and appropriate responses will help develop language in children.
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22
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Kennedy M, Loomba K, Ghani H, Riley B. The psychological burden associated with Ehlers-Danlos syndromes: a systematic review. J Osteopath Med 2022; 122:381-392. [PMID: 35420002 DOI: 10.1515/jom-2021-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are disorders of connective tissue that lead to a wide range of clinical presentations. While we are beginning to understand the association between EDS and psychological manifestations, it is critical that we further elucidate the relationship between the two. Understanding the correlation between EDS and mental health will better ensure swift diagnosis and effective treatment for patients. OBJECTIVES This study aims to systematically examine and report the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the EDS population. METHODS The PubMed database was searched on June 14, 2021 for articles published from January 2011 to June 2021. We included original, evidence-based, peer-reviewed journal articles in English that reported information on psychiatric disorders among EDS patients. Psychiatric disorders and psychological conditions were limited to those included in the "psychology" and "mental disorders" Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) search terms defined by the National Library of Medicine. Publications identified utilizing this search strategy by M.K. were imported into the Covidence system, where they first underwent a title and abstract screening process by three independent reviewers (M.K., K.L., H.G.). During the full-text review, two independent reviewers read the full text of the questionable articles to assess their eligibility for inclusion. Studies were excluded if they did not meet our target objective or if they were not in English or if they were opinion pieces, conference abstracts, or review articles. Data were extracted from the shortlisted studies by reviewers. During the data extraction phase, the quality and risk of publication bias were assessed by two independent reviewers utilizing the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Study Quality Assessment Tools. Any disagreements in study selection, data extraction, or quality assessment were adjudicated via discussion between the two reviewers, utilizing a third reviewer as a decider if necessary. RESULTS Out of 73 articles identified, there were no duplicates. A total of 73 records were screened, but only 40 articles were assessed in full text for eligibility. A total of 23 articles were ultimately included, which collectively discussed 12,298 participants. Ten (43.5%) of the included studies were cross-sectional in design, three (13.0%) were case reports, and three (13.0%) were retrospective chart reviews. The remaining seven (30.4%) articles were either case-control, cohort, qualitative, controlled observational, or validation studies. Twelve (52.2%) of the studies reported data on depression disorders, six of which reported prevalence data. Nine (39.1%) of the studies reported data on anxiety disorders, five of which reported prevalence data. Studies that reported nonprevalence data presented odds-ratio, mean scores on psychiatric evaluations, and other correlation statistics. Psychiatric disorders that were most reported in these articles were mood disorders (n=11), anxiety disorders (n=9), and neurodevelopmental disorders (n=7). Although the reports varied, the highest psychiatric prevalence reports in EDS patients involved language disorders (63.2%), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (52.4%), anxiety (51.2%), learning disabilities (42.4%), and depression (30.2%). CONCLUSIONS Although mood disorders were cited in more articles, the highest reported prevalence was for language disorders and ADHD. This discrepancy highlights the importance of performing more research to better understand the relationship between EDS and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Kennedy
- New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, USA
| | - Katherine Loomba
- New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, USA
| | - Hira Ghani
- New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, USA
| | - Bernadette Riley
- New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, USA
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Hofmann V, Müller CM. Challenging behaviour in students with intellectual disabilities: the role of individual and classmates' communication skills. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2022; 66:353-367. [PMID: 35194881 PMCID: PMC9303229 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID) are at increased risk of developing challenging behaviour. Challenging behaviour may be partially explained by low individual communicative competences. However, communication involves at least two partners, thus outcomes may also vary according to each interaction partners' abilities. We therefore investigated the degree to which the interplay between individual and classmates' communication skills predicts changes in challenging behaviour among students with ID. METHODS This study used a longitudinal design with two measurement points across one school year. Challenging behaviour and communication skills were measured by teacher reports in 1125 students with ID attending special needs schools. Applying a multilevel approach, we investigated (1) whether higher individual communication skills at the first measurement were related to a subsequent decrease in challenging behaviour and (2) whether this effect was moderated by classmates' levels of communication skills. In addition, we examined (3) if classroom communication skills were indirectly related to a decrease in challenging behaviour by influencing individual communicative abilities. RESULTS Higher individual communication skills at the first measurement were significantly related to a decrease in general challenging behaviour over the school year. This effect was not moderated by classroom-level communication skills. However, classmates' communication skills exerted an indirect influence by enhancing individual communicative abilities. Further analyses suggested classroom contextual effects related to a decrease in several sub-domains of challenging behaviour. CONCLUSIONS The study results suggest that both individual communicative competences and those of the classroom context are relevant to understanding challenging behaviour development in ID. Perspectives for counteracting such behaviour in light of the present findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Hofmann
- Department of Special EducationUniversity of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
| | - C. M. Müller
- Department of Special EducationUniversity of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
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24
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Haddad-Eid E, Gur N, Eid S, Pilowsky-Peleg T, Straussberg R. The phenotype of homozygous EMC10 variant: A new syndrome with intellectual disability and language impairment. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2022; 37:56-61. [PMID: 35124540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the cognitive and behavioral phenotype associated with a recently reported variant in endoplasmic reticulum membrane complex EMC10 c.287delG (Gly96Alafs∗9), suggested to cause a novel syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder. METHODS Homozygous EMC10 variant identified by a combination of autozygosity mapping and exome sequencing was found in five children (aged 7-18) from a large extended family. Their functioning was compared to normative data as well as to that of age-matched relatives (siblings/cousins), sharing similar familial and demographic characteristics. Neuropsychological, behavioral, and daily functioning were assessed. RESULTS Performance of all participants with EMC10 variant on both cognitive functioning and adaptive skills was lower than the normal range fulfilling diagnostic criteria for intellectual disability. Their functioning was also lower than that of their matched relatives on most areas of functioning, except visual memory that was found higher, in the low average range. Language difficulty was apparent in all participants with EMC10, and a discrepancy within participants' phenotype was found, with lower verbal abilities compared to visuospatial ability. More behavioral problems were found, although not in all participants with EMC10. CONCLUSION Homozygous EMC10 variant was found associated with a phenotype of intellectual disability and language deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Haddad-Eid
- School of Social Sciences, Tel Aviv Yaffo Academic College, Tel Aviv Yaffo, Israel
| | - Noa Gur
- Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; The Neuropsychological Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikvah, Israel.
| | - Sharbel Eid
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv Yaffo, Israel
| | - Tammy Pilowsky-Peleg
- Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; The Neuropsychological Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikvah, Israel
| | - Rachel Straussberg
- The Neurology Clinic, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikvah, Israel
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25
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Xiao X, Fang Y, Xiao X, Xu J, Chen J. Machine-Learning-Aided Self-Powered Assistive Physical Therapy Devices. ACS NANO 2021; 15:18633-18646. [PMID: 34913696 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
An expanding elderly population and people with disabilities pose considerable challenges to the current healthcare system. As a practical technology that integrates systems and services, assistive physical therapy devices are essential to maintain or to improve an individual's functioning and independence, thus promoting their well-being. Given technological advancements, core components of self-powered sensors and optimized machine-learning algorithms will play innovative roles in providing assistive services for unmet global needs. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of the latest developments in machine-learning-aided assistive physical therapy devices based on emerging self-powered sensing systems and a discussion of the challenges and opportunities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yunsheng Fang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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26
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Hunt PF. Inclusive education: The case for early identification and early intervention in assistive technology. Assist Technol 2021; 33:94-101. [PMID: 34951830 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2021.1974122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper starts by presenting the argument that inclusive education for learners with disabilities is often not possible without their access to fit-for-purpose assistive technology (AT), as the barriers to their education are often environmental.The paper will argue that, if assistive technology is an enabler for learning, then the processes by which children with disabilities are identified as users of assistive technology must take place as early as possible in the lifecycle. Mechanisms associated with Early Identification and Early Intervention (EI/EI) must be outfitted with all necessary resources for identifying and addressing the unique assistive technology needs of each individual child, but also have a prospective view of the use of the assistive technology in order to ensure school-age children start benefiting from assistive technology as early as possible.A further argument will be made that, when adequate identification of the need for assistive technology has not taken place early, education systems must be prepared to - in collaboration with other ministries or departments - identify, assess and provide the necessary assistive technology not only as it relates to education use, but to all-inclusive and holistic use. The argument will be made for adequately resourcing "support services for inclusion" and creating transdisciplinary teams of professionals that can effectively ensure equitable access and participation of all children with disabilities in inclusive education.Throughout, some examples of good practices will support the narrative, and the paper will close with recommendations for stakeholders involved in developing policies and practices for inclusive education.
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27
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Lu MS, Lu JH, Zhang LF, Liu X, Zhao X, Nagraj S, Shen SY, Xiao WQ, He JR, Qiu X. Infancy weight gain and neurodevelopmental outcomes among term-born infants at age one year: A large prospective cohort study in China. Child Neuropsychol 2021; 28:554-567. [PMID: 34846268 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2021.1999402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the association between infancy weight gain and neurodevelopment among term-born infants. Singleton term-born infants (n = 5837) were included from the Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study. Absolute weight gain was obtained by calculating the weight difference from birth to exactly 12 months. The primary outcome was neurodevelopment at age one year, which included five developmental domains. Global developmental delay was defined as delays in ≥3 domains. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the associations between infancy weight gain and neurodevelopment. Compared with infants gaining 6001-7000 g (reference group), infants gaining ≤5000 g had higher odds of delay in adaptive, gross motor, fine motor, social, and global developmental delay, infants gaining 5001-6000 g had higher odds of gross motor delay and social delay. A sex-stratified analysis showed that compared with the reference group, gaining ≤5000 g was associated with higher odds of fine motor delay in male infants, while gaining >7000 g was associated with higher odds of fine motor delay in females. Inadequate infancy weight gain is associated with higher odds of poor neurodevelopment at age one year among term-born infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Shan Lu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Women Health Care, Provincial Key Clinical Specialty of Woman and Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin-Hua Lu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Women Health Care, Provincial Key Clinical Specialty of Woman and Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Fang Zhang
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Women Health Care, Provincial Key Clinical Specialty of Woman and Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xian Liu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Women Health Care, Provincial Key Clinical Specialty of Woman and Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Women Health Care, Provincial Key Clinical Specialty of Woman and Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shobhana Nagraj
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Health Systems Collaborative, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Song-Ying Shen
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Women Health Care, Provincial Key Clinical Specialty of Woman and Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wan-Qing Xiao
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Women Health Care, Provincial Key Clinical Specialty of Woman and Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Rong He
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Women Health Care, Provincial Key Clinical Specialty of Woman and Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Xiu Qiu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Women Health Care, Provincial Key Clinical Specialty of Woman and Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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28
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Xu H, Xuan X, Zhang L, Zhang W, Zhu M, Zhao X. New Approach to Intelligence Screening for Children With Global Development Delay Using Eye-Tracking Technology: A Pilot Study. Front Neurol 2021; 12:723526. [PMID: 34803871 PMCID: PMC8595207 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.723526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: There has become a consensus for detecting intellectual disability in its early stages and implementing effective intervention. However, there are many difficulties and limitations in the evaluation of intelligence-related scales in low-age children. Eye-tracking technology may effectively solve some of the pain points in the evaluation. Method: We used an eye-tracking technology for cognitive assessment. The subjects looked at a series of task pictures and short videos, the fixation points of which were recorded by the eye-movement analyzer, and the data were statistically analyzed. A total of 120 children aged between 1.5 and 4 years participated in the study, including 60 typically developing children and 60 children with global development delay, all of whom were assessed via the Bayley scale, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT), and Gesell scale. Results: Cognitive scores from eye-tracking technology are closely related to the scores of neuropsychological tests, which shows that the technique performs well as an early diagnostic test of children's intelligence. Conclusions: The results show that children's cognitive development can be quickly screened using eye-tracking technology and that it can track quantitative intelligence scores and sensitively detect intellectual impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xuan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoke Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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29
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Kumar N, Joshi NK, Jain YK, Singh K, Bhardwaj P, Suthar P, Manda B, Kirti R. Challenges, Barriers, and Good Practices in the Implementation of Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram in Jodhpur, India. ANNALS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (INDIA) 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1739032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction The Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram of the Government of India subsumes the existing school health program to provide care and treatment to children below 18 years through screening and early interventions. Benefitting an estimated 270 million children for 30 preidentified conditions is a step toward “health for all.” Although the program is running since 2013, due to paucity of studies particularly in Thar desert region and its associated challenges, this study was planned to assess challenges and good practices in the implementation of RBSK in Jodhpur.
Objectives To assess the challenges, barriers, and good practices in the implementation of RBSK among the mobile health team (MHT) in Jodhpur, Rajasthan.
Methods A community based descriptive cross-sectional study in all 11 medical blocks of Jodhpur district, with purposive sampling to invite all members of MHT to participate in the study as grassroot workers was planned. A pretested, semistructured questionnaire was processed using SPSS for quantitative component and in-depth interviews were reported using qualifiers for qualitative observations.
Results As much as 74.1% (n = 40) of the staff perceived the trainings to be sufficient for daily work needs but needed more sessions for birth defects (33.3%) and development delays (29.6%). As much as 96.3% (n = 52) of the staff considered salaries to be low and 55.5% were dissatisfied with the jobs. However, 70.4% found targets to be achievable and 76% found the work environment helpful. Taboos and superstitions in community, harsh climate, dual workload on pharmacists as data operators, and noninclusion of AYUSH medicines for AYUSH medical officers (MOs) were few of the challenges, while good practices such as fully equipped MHTs, readily available vehicles, information education communication (IEC) materials, and treatment coverage under Bhamashah Bima Yojana (BSBY) were also observed.
Conclusion Many good practices were observed during the study which can be adopted by other states for better implementations elsewhere. Certain challenges such as belief in quackery, superstitions and taboos could be minimized by conducting rapport-building meetings with community stakeholders. Feedback and regular trainings of MHT staff can further increase the success manifold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nitin Kumar Joshi
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar Jain
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pankaj Bhardwaj
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Praveen Suthar
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Balwant Manda
- Chief Medical and Health Officer, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ravi Kirti
- District Early Intervention Centers, Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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30
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Bearman M, Westerveld M, Brubacher SP, Powell M. The ability of adults with limited expressive language to engage in open-ended interviews about personal experiences. PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY, AND LAW : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW 2021; 29:241-255. [PMID: 35755151 PMCID: PMC9225688 DOI: 10.1080/13218719.2021.1904453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study examines how adults with limited expressive language (with average sentences of five words or less) respond to open-ended questions. Participants (n = 49) completed a baseline measure and were then interviewed about a personal experience using exclusively open-ended questions, followed by open-ended and directive questions about a staged event. Their interviews were coded for mean length of utterance (MLU), number of different words and six dimensions of the Narrative Assessment Profile. Descriptively, the participants were able to give some event-related detail in their narratives, but there was wide variability in narrative quality. Correlational and regression analyses indicate that their MLU was stable across contexts. The findings suggest that adults with limited expressive language can provide informative responses to open-ended questions about their experiences, and that their expressive language is likely to show stability across introductory and substantive interview phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Bearman
- Centre for Investigative Interviewing, Griffith Criminology Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marleen Westerveld
- Griffith Institute for Educational Research, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Sonja P. Brubacher
- Centre for Investigative Interviewing, Griffith Criminology Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Martine Powell
- Centre for Investigative Interviewing, Griffith Criminology Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
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McConkey R, Swift A, Titterington J. Changes in Children's Speech and Language Difficulties from Age Five to Nine: An Irish National, Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8483. [PMID: 34444228 PMCID: PMC8392088 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In many countries, information on the prevalence of persistent speech and language disorders in early childhood is sparse due to the lack of nationally representative samples and longitudinal studies. Secondary analysis of data collected on over 7500 Irish children at ages 5 and 9 years, found that the prevalence of speech and language difficulties reported by the primary caregivers of Irish children decreased from one in six at age 5 to one in 12 at age 9. However, one in 20 children were reported to have difficulties at both ages. Regression analysis compared children with difficulties at both age 5 and age 9 to those who had been reported to have them at age 5 but no longer had such difficulties at age 9. Children with speech and language difficulties at both age 5 and age 9 were more likely to have two or more developmental impairments as well as current or past hearing impairments. Teachers and parents also reported a greater number of social-emotional difficulties. Family characteristics did not differ significantly across the two groupings. At best, up to one third of the children at ages 5 and 9 with speech and language difficulties had two or more contacts with a speech and language therapists in the preceding 12 month period. Increased support to these children, their parents and teachers would seem to be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy McConkey
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK;
| | - Ann Swift
- School of Social Work and Social Policy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland;
| | - Jill Titterington
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK;
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32
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Acharya A, Kavus H, Dunn P, Nasir A, Folk L, Withrow K, Wentzensen IM, Ruzhnikov MRZ, Fallot C, Smol T, Rama M, Brown K, Whalen S, Ziegler A, Barth M, Chassevent A, Smith-Hicks C, Afenjar A, Courtin T, Heide S, Font-Montgomery E, Heid C, Hamm JA, Love DR, Thabet F, Misra VK, Cunningham M, Leal SM, Jarvela I, Normand EA, Zou F, Helal M, Keren B, Torti E, Chung WK, Schrauwen I. Delineating the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of HECW2-related neurodevelopmental disorders. J Med Genet 2021; 59:669-677. [PMID: 34321324 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2021-107871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variants in HECW2 have recently been reported to cause a neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia, seizures and impaired language; however, only six variants have been reported and the clinical characteristics have only broadly been defined. METHODS Molecular and clinical data were collected from clinical and research cohorts. Massive parallel sequencing was performed and identified individuals with a HECW2-related neurodevelopmental disorder. RESULTS We identified 13 novel missense variants in HECW2 in 22 unpublished cases, of which 18 were confirmed to have a de novo variant. In addition, we reviewed the genotypes and phenotypes of previously reported and new cases with HECW2 variants (n=35 cases). All variants identified are missense, and the majority of likely pathogenic and pathogenic variants are located in or near the C-terminal HECT domain (88.2%). We identified several clustered variants and four recurrent variants (p.(Arg1191Gln);p.(Asn1199Lys);p.(Phe1327Ser);p.(Arg1330Trp)). Two variants, (p.(Arg1191Gln);p.(Arg1330Trp)), accounted for 22.9% and 20% of cases, respectively. Clinical characterisation suggests complete penetrance for hypotonia with or without spasticity (100%), developmental delay/intellectual disability (100%) and developmental language disorder (100%). Other common features are behavioural problems (88.9%), vision problems (83.9%), motor coordination/movement (75%) and gastrointestinal issues (70%). Seizures were present in 61.3% of individuals. Genotype-phenotype analysis shows that HECT domain variants are more frequently associated with cortical visual impairment and gastrointestinal issues. Seizures were only observed in individuals with variants in or near the HECT domain. CONCLUSION We provide a comprehensive review and expansion of the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of HECW2 disorders, aiding future molecular and clinical diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushree Acharya
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center and the Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Haluk Kavus
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Patrick Dunn
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Abdul Nasir
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, The Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Maura R Z Ruzhnikov
- Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Stanford University and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | | | - Thomas Smol
- Institut de Génétique, Univ Lille, EA7364 RADEME, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Kathleen Brown
- Pediatrics-Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sandra Whalen
- UF de génétique Clinique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP) Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, ERN-ITHACA, Paris, France
| | - Alban Ziegler
- Department of Genetics, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Magali Barth
- Department of Genetics, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Anna Chassevent
- Division of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Constance Smith-Hicks
- Division of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexandra Afenjar
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP) Sorbonne Université, Centre de Référence Malformations et maladies congénitales du cervelet et déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares, département de génétique et embryologie médicale, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Courtin
- Département de génétique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Solveig Heide
- Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Referral Center for Intellectual Disabilities of Rare Causes, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP) Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | | | - Caleb Heid
- University Hospital Medical Genetics Clinic, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - J Austin Hamm
- Pediatric Genetics, East Tennessee Children's Hospital, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Farouq Thabet
- Pediatric Neurology Division, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Vinod K Misra
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic, Genomic, and Metabolic Disorders, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Discipline of Pediatrics, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA
| | - Mitch Cunningham
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic, Genomic, and Metabolic Disorders, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Suzanne M Leal
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center and the Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Taub Institute for Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Irma Jarvela
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Mayada Helal
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Boris Keren
- Département de génétique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | | | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA .,Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Isabelle Schrauwen
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center and the Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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GENÇ M, TOLAN Ö. Okul Öncesi Dönemde Sık Görülen Psikolojik ve Gelişimsel Bozukluklarda Oyun Terapisi Uygulamaları. PSIKIYATRIDE GUNCEL YAKLASIMLAR - CURRENT APPROACHES IN PSYCHIATRY 2021. [DOI: 10.18863/pgy.757366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pruccoli J, Spadoni C, Orsenigo A, Parmeggiani A. Should Echolalia Be Considered a Phonic Stereotypy? A Narrative Review. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11070862. [PMID: 34209516 PMCID: PMC8301866 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11070862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) defines echolalia as a pathological, parrotlike, and apparently senseless repetition (echoing) of a word or phrase just uttered by another person and classifies this condition among the “restrictive and repetitive behaviours” of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The authors reviewed the existing literature on echolalia and its role in the development of children with ASD. Current conceptualizations include echolalia among repetitive behaviors and stereotypies and thus interpret this symptom as lacking any communicative significance, with negative effects on learning and sensory processing. Echoic behaviors, however, have been described in neurotypical infants and children as having a substantial effect on the consequent development of language and communication. Relevant research has documented a functional role of echolalia in ASD children as well since it facilitates the acquisition of verbal competencies and affords a higher degree of semantic generalization. This developmental function could be restricted to specific contexts. Considering echolalia as stereotypy and treating it as a disturbing symptom could impair the development of ASD-specific learning and communication processes. In light of this evidence, the authors propose a different conceptualization of echolalia and suggest that this symptom be considered among atypical communication patterns in children with ASD, with implications for treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Pruccoli
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, U.O. Neuropsichiatria dell’Età Pediatrica, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (J.P.); (C.S.); (A.O.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Spadoni
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, U.O. Neuropsichiatria dell’Età Pediatrica, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (J.P.); (C.S.); (A.O.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alex Orsenigo
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, U.O. Neuropsichiatria dell’Età Pediatrica, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (J.P.); (C.S.); (A.O.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonia Parmeggiani
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, U.O. Neuropsichiatria dell’Età Pediatrica, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (J.P.); (C.S.); (A.O.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Nouraey P, Ayatollahi MA, Moghadas M. Late Language Emergence: A literature review. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2021; 21:e182-e190. [PMID: 34221464 PMCID: PMC8219342 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2021.21.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infants usually say their first word at the age of 12 months; subsequently, within the next 6-12 months, they develop a vocabulary of approximately 50 words, along with the ability to make two-word combinations. However, late talkers (LTs) demonstrate delayed speech in the absence of hearing impairments, cognitive developmental issues or relevant birth history. The prevalence of late language emergence (LLE) in toddlers is reported to be 10-15%. Studies of LTs are both theoretically and clinically significant. Early diagnosis and clinical intervention may result in relatively stable speech capabilities by the early school years. The present article aimed to review both theoretical and empirical studies regarding LLE within the process of first language acquisition, as well as methods for the early diagnosis of delayed speech in children and the authors' own clinical and theoretical recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad A Ayatollahi
- Department of English Language, Faculty of Foreign Languages, Islamic Azad University, Sepidan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Moghadas
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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36
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Torra Moreno M, Canals Sans J, Colomina Fosch MT. Behavioral and Cognitive Interventions With Digital Devices in Subjects With Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:647399. [PMID: 33927655 PMCID: PMC8076520 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.647399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, digital devices have been progressively introduced in rehabilitation programs and have affected skills training methods used with children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID). The objective of this review is to assess the effects of the use of digital devices on the cognitive functions and behavioral skills in this population, and to acknowledge their potential as a therapeutic tool. Electronic databases were analyzed until February 2020 using search formulas with free terms related to ID and the use of digital systems with children or adolescents. The risk of bias in randomized controlled trials was assessed by means of the modified Cochrane Collaboration tool and the quality level of the non-randomized studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Forty-four studies were analyzed, most of which were categorized as low quality. Of the executive function studies analyzed, 60% reported significant improvements, most commonly related to working memory. Within the cognitive skills, 47% of the studies analyzed reported significant improvements, 30% of them in language. Significant improvements in the social (50%) and behavioral domains (30%) were also reported. These results suggest that digital interventions are effective in improving working memory and academic skills, and positively affect both the social and behavioral domains. Little information has been published regarding the duration of the effects, which could be limited in time. Further research is necessary to assess long-term effectiveness, the influence of comorbidities, and the effects on subjects with severe ID. The inclusion of smartphones and special education centers is also necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Torra Moreno
- Jeroni de Moragas Private Fundation, Tarragona, Spain
- Jeroni de Moragas Association, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Josefa Canals Sans
- Department of Psychology, Research Center for Behavioral Assessment (CRAMC), Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Colomina Fosch
- Department of Psychology, Research Center for Behavioral Assessment (CRAMC), Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
- Research Group in Neurobehavior and Health (NEUROLAB), Tarragona, Spain
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37
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Cao J, Xian W, Palihati M, Zhu Y, Wang G, Xie Y, Zhou G, You L. Deficiency of intellectual disability-related gene Brpf1 reduced inhibitory neurotransmission in MGE-derived GABAergic interneurons. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2021; 11:6179329. [PMID: 33744924 PMCID: PMC8496217 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intellectual disability is closely related to impaired GABA neurotransmission. Brpf1 was specifically expressed in medial ganglionic eminence (MGE), a developmental niche of GABAergic interneurons, and patients with BRPF1 mutations showed intellectual disability. To test its role in the development and function of MGE-derived GABAergic interneurons, we performed immunofluorescence staining, whole-cell patch-clamp, MGE transplantation, and mRNA-Seq to understand its effect on neuronal differentiation, dendritic morphology, electrophysiology, migration, and gene regulation, using mouse MGE-derived GABAergic interneurons infected with AAV-shBrpf1. The results showed that Brpf1 knockdown had a decreasing trend, although not significant, on the differentiation of GABAergic interneurons into parvalbumin+ interneurons. Moreover, increased firing threshold, decreased number of evoked action potentials, and a reduced amplitude of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents were observed before any significant change of MAP2+ dendritic morphology and in vivo migration ability appeared. Finally, mRNA-Seq analysis revealed that genes related to neurodevelopment and synaptic transmission such as Map2k7 were dysregulated. Our results demonstrated a key role of Brpf1 in inhibitory neurotransmission and related gene expression of GABAergic interneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Cao
- Department of Human Anatomy & Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weiwei Xian
- Department of Human Anatomy & Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Maierdan Palihati
- Department of Human Anatomy & Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Human Anatomy & Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- Institutes of Brain Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yunli Xie
- Institutes of Brain Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guomin Zhou
- Department of Human Anatomy & Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention of Shanghai, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Linya You
- Department of Human Anatomy & Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention of Shanghai, Shanghai 200032, China
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Cospain A, Schaefer E, Faoucher M, Dubourg C, Carré W, Bizaoui V, Assoumani J, Van Maldergem L, Piton A, Gérard B, Tran Mau-Them F, Bruel AL, Faivre L, Demurger F, Pasquier L, Odent S, Fradin M, Lavillaureix A. Skraban-Deardorff syndrome: Six new cases of WDR26-related disease and expansion of the clinical phenotype. Clin Genet 2021; 99:732-739. [PMID: 33506510 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Skraban-Deardorff syndrome (a disease related to variations in the WDR26 gene; OMIM #617616) was first described in a cohort of 15 individuals in 2017. The syndrome comprises intellectual deficiency, severe speech impairment, ataxic gait, seizures, mild hypotonia with feeding difficulties during infancy, and dysmorphic features. Here, we report on six novel heterozygous de novo pathogenic variants in WDR26 in six probands. The patients' phenotypes were consistent with original publication. One patient displayed marked hypotonia with an abnormal muscle biopsy; this finding warrants further investigation. Gait must be closely monitored, in order to highlight any musculoskeletal or neurological abnormalities and prompt further examinations. Speech therapy and alternative communication methods should be initiated early in the clinical follow-up, in order to improve language and oral eating and drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auriane Cospain
- CHU Rennes, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN ITHACA, Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France
| | - Elise Schaefer
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie Faoucher
- Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, CHU, Rennes, France.,Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR, UMR 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Christèle Dubourg
- Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, CHU, Rennes, France.,Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR, UMR 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Wilfrid Carré
- Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, CHU, Rennes, France.,Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR, UMR 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Varoona Bizaoui
- Service de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Jessica Assoumani
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Lionel Van Maldergem
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,Clinical Investigation Center 1431, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Besançon, France.,Unité de recherche en neurosciences intégratives et cognitives EA481, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Amélie Piton
- Laboratoire de Diagnostic Génétique, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bénédicte Gérard
- Laboratoire de Diagnostic Génétique, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric Tran Mau-Them
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (TRANSLAD), CHU de Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Inserm UMR1231 GAD, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Ange-Line Bruel
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (TRANSLAD), CHU de Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Inserm UMR1231 GAD, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (TRANSLAD), CHU de Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Inserm UMR1231 GAD, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | | | - Laurent Pasquier
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de causes rares" (CRDI), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- CHU Rennes, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN ITHACA, Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France.,Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR, UMR 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Mélanie Fradin
- CHU Rennes, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN ITHACA, Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France
| | - Alinoë Lavillaureix
- CHU Rennes, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN ITHACA, Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France.,Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR, UMR 6290, Rennes, France
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de Araújo Vitor CA, de Oliveira Lira Ortega A, Ferreira ACFM, da Silva CAAL, Gallottini MHC, Santos MTBR. Pressure pain threshold of masticatory muscles in children and adolescents with and without intellectual disability: a pilot study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2021; 22:587-593. [PMID: 33389623 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-020-00593-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pain is considered a stressful experience, related to real or possible tissue damage with emotional, sensory, social and cognitive components. The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare, using a digital algometer, the pressure pain threshold of temporal and masseter muscles of children and adolescents with and without intellectual disability. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted. Data regarding gender and age were collected from the caregiver of children and adolescents with and without intellectual disability. The evaluations followed this sequence: pressure pain threshold of the masseter and temporal muscles, evaluation of pain on touch using the visual analog scale and signs and symptoms of Temporomandibular disorder. The χ2 test, the Kolgomorov-Smirnov test, Student t test and Mann-Whitney test were performed. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS Two homogeneous groups by gender (P = 0.258) and age (P = 0.727) were evaluated, of which 25 children and adolescents presented intellectual disability and another 25 did not have intellectual disability. No significant difference was observed between groups on the pressure pain threshold of the masseter and temporal muscles, nor pressure average or exam time (P > 0.05). Regarding Temporomandibular dysfunction, no difference in signs or symptoms frequency was found (P > 0.05). However, the range of maximum mouth opening was smaller in the intellectual disability group (P = 0.006). CONCLUSION Children and adolescents with intellectual disability and preserved basic functionalities do not present alterations in pain perception when evaluated with computerized pressure algometer and visual analog scale. They present similar threshold of pain to pressure as those reported by normative children and adolescents. These results emphasize the importance to treat these children and adolescents with intellectual disability with respect to their pain threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A de Araújo Vitor
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Cruzeiro do Sul University, Rua Galvão Bueno, 868 Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A de Oliveira Lira Ortega
- Pediatric Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Cruzeiro do Sul University, Rua Galvão Bueno, 868 Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A C F M Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Cruzeiro do Sul University, Rua Galvão Bueno, 868 Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - C A-A L da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Cruzeiro do Sul University, Rua Galvão Bueno, 868 Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M H C Gallottini
- The Discipline of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227 Butantã, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M T B R Santos
- Individuals with Special Needs, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Cruzeiro do Sul University, Rua Galvão Bueno, 868 Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Cruzeiro do Sul University, Rua Constantino de Sousa, 454, apto 141, São Paulo, SP, 04605-001, Brazil.
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40
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Licence L, Oliver C, Moss J, Richards C. Prevalence and Risk-Markers of Self-Harm in Autistic Children and Adults. J Autism Dev Disord 2020; 50:3561-3574. [PMID: 31655964 PMCID: PMC7502049 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-019-04260-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Self-harm is purportedly common in autistic individuals, but under-researched, particularly in younger samples and those without intellectual disability. This study aimed to describe prevalence, profile and correlates of self-harm in autistic individuals without impairments in adaptive functioning. Parents of autistic participants (n = 83) completed questionnaires regarding the presence/topography of self-harm, demographic characteristics, autism severity, age of diagnosis, affect, activity levels and repetitive behaviour. 24.10% of participants engaged in self-harm. Self‐harm was associated with significantly higher levels of impulsivity, over-activity, negative affect, compulsive behaviour and insistence on sameness. Low mood and overactivity/impulsivity predicted the presence of self-harm, with the model correctly classifying 82.9% of cases. Findings highlight a role for impaired behavioural inhibition and low mood in the aetiological mechanisms underpinning self-harm in autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Licence
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Chris Oliver
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jo Moss
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.,School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Caroline Richards
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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Brown J, Asp E, Carter MN, Spiller V, Bishop-Deaton D. Suggestibility and confabulation among individuals with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: A review for criminal justice, forensic mental health, and legal interviewers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LAW AND PSYCHIATRY 2020; 73:101646. [PMID: 33246222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2020.101646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) are conditions arising from prenatal alcohol exposure which results in a range of neurodevelopmental deficits in areas including cognition, memory, language, executive functioning, emotional regulation, and adaptive functioning. Deficits in various neurodevelopmental areas can range from mild to severe, depending on many factors including the quantity and timing of alcohol exposure during the prenatal development period. During interviews in criminal justice, forensic mental health, and legal contexts (e.g., criminal investigations, cross examination, victim interviews, interviews for lawsuits, forensic evaluations, pre-sentence investigations), deficits associated with FASD may elevate the risk of suggestibility and confabulation. These issues can result in negative jurisprudence-related outcomes, including impulsive Miranda rights waivers, incorrect assumptions of competency, inaccurate or incomplete information gathering, misinterpretation of intent, witness reliability issues, court ordered treatment completion problems, probation and parole violations, false confessions, and false accusations. The aim of the present article is to explain the context in which these issues can arise and provide criminal justice, forensic mental health, and legal professionals with key guidelines that can assist in minimizing suggestibility and confabulation when interviewing persons with FASD. We hope that the suggestions and strategies presented in this article will reduce potential obstructions of justice and enhance the quality of information obtained from individuals impacted by FASD. A brief discussion is also provided to identify additional research and training opportunities needed to clarify "best practices" for professionals tasked with evaluating the challenges facing this unique population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerrod Brown
- American Institute for the Advancement of Forensic Studies, St. Paul, MN, USA.
| | - Erik Asp
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Psychology, Hamline University, St. Paul, MN, USA; Wesley & Lorene Artz Cognitive Neuroscience Research Center, Hamline University, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Megan N Carter
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Social and Health Services, Special Commitment Center, Steilacoom, WA, USA
| | | | - Deanna Bishop-Deaton
- College of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Forensic Psychology, Walden University, USA
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42
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García JC, Díez E, Wojcik DZ, Santamaría M. Communication Support Needs in Adults with Intellectual Disabilities and Its Relation to Quality of Life. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207370. [PMID: 33050216 PMCID: PMC7601275 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Research suggests that individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) experience difficulties in communication, ranging from intelligibility issues to more severe problems in the use and comprehension of spoken, written or sign language. Despite the negative effects that the inability to communicate have on quality of life (QoL), not much research has explored the relationship between communicative competence and QoL in the adult population with ID. The aim of this study was to describe the global communication profile of a sample of 281 adults with ID recruited from Grupo AMÁS Social Foundation, who differed in their level of communication support needs (CSN). The relationships between communicative competence and CSN with QoL were further examined. The results showed lower QoL indices for those participants characterized by their limited use of discourse and inability to exhibit certain communicative purposes, with the largest differences in the dimensions of self-determination, social inclusion, interpersonal relationships, emotional wellbeing and personal development. Overall, low levels of QoL were found for all participants, with even lower scores for the group identified as having CSN. A multiple regression model revealed that having speech/discourse competence is a powerful predictor of QoL, along with the level of disability and having the communicative competences to express likes and preferences or to establish new relationships. This clear relationship between communication and QoL is an important argument for disability support services when it comes to setting communication supports as a priority and as an important preventive step towards the protection of those at risk of exclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emiliano Díez
- Institute for Community Inclusion (INICO), University of Salamanca, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (D.Z.W.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Dominika Z. Wojcik
- Institute for Community Inclusion (INICO), University of Salamanca, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (D.Z.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Mónica Santamaría
- Institute for Community Inclusion (INICO), University of Salamanca, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (D.Z.W.); (M.S.)
- Faculty of Education, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, 37002 Salamanca, Spain
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Walters CE, Nitin R, Margulis K, Boorom O, Gustavson DE, Bush CT, Davis LK, Below JE, Cox NJ, Camarata SM, Gordon RL. Automated Phenotyping Tool for Identifying Developmental Language Disorder Cases in Health Systems Data (APT-DLD): A New Research Algorithm for Deployment in Large-Scale Electronic Health Record Systems. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2020; 63:3019-3035. [PMID: 32791019 PMCID: PMC7890229 DOI: 10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Data mining algorithms using electronic health records (EHRs) are useful in large-scale population-wide studies to classify etiology and comorbidities (Casey et al., 2016). Here, we apply this approach to developmental language disorder (DLD), a prevalent communication disorder whose risk factors and epidemiology remain largely undiscovered. Method We first created a reliable system for manually identifying DLD in EHRs based on speech-language pathologist (SLP) diagnostic expertise. We then developed and validated an automated algorithmic procedure, called, Automated Phenotyping Tool for identifying DLD cases in health systems data (APT-DLD), that classifies a DLD status for patients within EHRs on the basis of ICD (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) codes. APT-DLD was validated in a discovery sample (N = 973) using expert SLP manual phenotype coding as a gold-standard comparison and then applied and further validated in a replication sample of N = 13,652 EHRs. Results In the discovery sample, the APT-DLD algorithm correctly classified 98% (concordance) of DLD cases in concordance with manually coded records in the training set, indicating that APT-DLD successfully mimics a comprehensive chart review. The output of APT-DLD was also validated in relation to independently conducted SLP clinician coding in a subset of records, with a positive predictive value of 95% of cases correctly classified as DLD. We also applied APT-DLD to the replication sample, where it achieved a positive predictive value of 90% in relation to SLP clinician classification of DLD. Conclusions APT-DLD is a reliable, valid, and scalable tool for identifying DLD cohorts in EHRs. This new method has promising public health implications for future large-scale epidemiological investigations of DLD and may inform EHR data mining algorithms for other communication disorders. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12753578.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney E. Walters
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Neuroscience Program, College of Arts and Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Rachana Nitin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Katherine Margulis
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Olivia Boorom
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Daniel E. Gustavson
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Catherine T. Bush
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Lea K. Davis
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Jennifer E. Below
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Nancy J. Cox
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Stephen M. Camarata
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Reyna L. Gordon
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis Is Associated with Increased Risk for Psychiatric Disorders. Plast Reconstr Surg 2020; 146:355-365. [PMID: 32740588 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000007009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Craniosynostosis is one of the most common craniofacial malformations demanding surgical treatment in infancy. Data on overall psychiatric morbidity among children with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis remain limited. This study investigated the risk of psychiatric disorders in nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. METHODS The authors reviewed a register-based cohort of all individuals born with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis in Sweden between 1973 to 1986 and 1997 to 2012 (n = 1238). The nonsyndromic craniosynostosis cohort was compared with a matched community cohort (n = 12,380) and with unaffected full siblings (n = 1485). The authors investigated the risk of psychiatric disorders, suicide attempts, and suicides by using Cox regression adjusted for perinatal and somatic factors, season and birth year, sex, parental socioeconomic factors, and parental psychiatric disorders. RESULTS Children with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis had a higher risk of any psychiatric disorder (adjusted Cox-derived hazard ratio, 1.70; 95 percent CI, 1.43 to 2.02), including intellectual disability (adjusted Cox-derived hazard ratio, 4.96; 95 percent CI, 3.20 to 7.70), language disorders (adjusted Cox-derived hazard ratio, 2.36; 95 percent CI, 1.57 to 3.54), neurodevelopmental disorders (adjusted Cox-derived hazard ratio, 1.30; 95 percent CI, 1.01 to 1.69), and other psychiatric disorders (adjusted Cox-derived hazard ratio, 1.43; 95 percent CI, 1.11 to 1.85). Full siblings with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis were more likely, in the crude analyses, to be diagnosed with any psychiatric disorder, including intellectual disability, language disorders, and neurodevelopmental disorders compared with nonaffected siblings. The higher risk for any psychiatric disorder and intellectual disability remained after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSIONS Children with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis demonstrated higher risks of any psychiatric disorder compared with children without nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. This risk cannot fully be explained by familial influences (i.e., genetic or environmental factors). CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Risk, III.
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Korenke GC, Schulte B, Biskup S, Neidhardt J, Owczarek-Lipska M. A Novel de novo Frameshift Mutation in the BCL11A Gene in a Patient with Intellectual Disability Syndrome and Epilepsy. Mol Syndromol 2020; 11:135-140. [PMID: 32903878 DOI: 10.1159/000508566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intellectual disability syndrome (IDS) associated with a hereditary persistence of fetal haemoglobin (HbF), also known as Dias-Logan syndrome, is commonly characterised by psychomotor developmental delay, intelectual disability, language delay, strabismus, thin upper lip, abnormalities of external ears, microcephaly, downslanting palpebral fissures. Sporadically, autism spectrum disorders and blue sclerae in infancy have been reported in IDS. Rarely, IDS-affected patients present with epilepsy and/or epileptic syndromes. It has been shown that a haploinsufficiency of the B cell leukaemia/lymphoma 11A gene (BCL11A) is responsible for IDS. Herein, we identified a novel de novo frameshift deletion (c.271delG; p.E91Afs*2) in the BCL11A gene in a boy affected with IDS. Interestingly, this heterozygous loss-of-function BCL11A mutation was also associated with a generalised idiopathic epilepsy and severe language delay observed in the patient. Moreover, our study showed that the combination of molecular genetic analyses with the monitoring of HbF was essential to make the final diagnosis of Dias-Logan syndrome. Because our patient suffered from well-controlled epilepsy, we propose to include the BCL11A gene in routinely used molecular genetic epilepsy-related gene panels. Additionally, many of the clinical features of IDS overlap with symptoms observed in patients with suspected alcohol spectrum disorders. Therefore, we also suggest monitoring HbF levels in patients with these syndromes to further facilitate clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Christoph Korenke
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Björn Schulte
- Praxis für Humangenetik, Tübingen, Germany.,Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics, CeGaT GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Saskia Biskup
- Praxis für Humangenetik, Tübingen, Germany.,Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics, CeGaT GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
| | - John Neidhardt
- Human Genetics, Faculty VI - School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Research Center Neurosensory Science, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Joint Research Training Group of the Faculty VI - School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany, and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Junior Research Group, Genetics of Childhood Brain Malformations, Faculty VI - School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Marta Owczarek-Lipska
- Human Genetics, Faculty VI - School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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Pharmacist interventions for persons with intellectual disabilities: A scoping review. Res Social Adm Pharm 2020; 17:257-272. [PMID: 32276871 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Persons with intellectual disabilities (ID) often have complex health needs due to the development of multiple comorbidities. Given the higher associated use of problematic medications, such as antipsychotics, and polypharmacy, persons with ID may be particularly vulnerable to adverse side effects. With their medication expertise, pharmacists have the potential to address medication related challenges experienced by this population. OBJECTIVE Explore what is known about the care pharmacists provide to persons with ID. DESIGN Following Arksey and O'Malley's 5-stage framework for scoping reviews, searches of the PubMed (MEDLINE), Ovid EMBASE, Ovid International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Scopus and APA PsycINFO databases were conducted in January 2019 with no limits on publication date. Studies of participants diagnosed with ID or healthcare providers/caregivers of persons with ID that referenced a pharmacist care intervention were included. Studies with non-human populations and editorials, commentaries, letters to the editor or discussion papers were excluded. RESULTS Twenty-six studies were included in the review. Seventy-six pharmacist care interventions were identified in cognitive pharmacy services (n = 46); educational and advisory services (n = 20); and medication prescription processing (n = 10). Fifty-one outcomes were referenced including drug-related interventions (n = 14), drug related problems (n = 9), cost/time-effectiveness (n = 7), secondary symptoms (n = 6), other outcomes (n = 5), general medication usage (n = 4), caregiver and healthcare team satisfaction levels (n = 3), and educational/knowledge (n = 3). CONCLUSION Pharmacists perform a variety of health care services to persons with ID but the impact of these interventions cannot be accurately measured due to a lack of: 1) universal definitions for ID; 2) reporting of multifactorial conditions contributing to a spectrum of ID severity; and 3) standardized reporting of ID-specific outcomes. Addressing these gaps is necessary for the development of a comprehensive evidence base regarding pharmacist involvement for medication challenges in persons with ID.
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Smith M, Manduchi B, Burke É, Carroll R, McCallion P, McCarron M. Communication difficulties in adults with Intellectual Disability: Results from a national cross-sectional study. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 97:103557. [PMID: 31874425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2019.103557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with an intellectual disability (ID) are vulnerable to communication impairments, with consequences for employment, education, and social participation. AIMS To identify the communication skills of a population of adults (40+ years) with ID and explore relationships between individual and environmental factors and communication skills. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Data from a sample of 601 adults with ID was selected from the Intellectual Disability Supplement to The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA) addressing communication characteristics, demographics, co-morbidities, challenging behaviours, and social participation. A multiple regression model and a decision-making tree were built to identify factors related to communication abilities. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Overall, 57.9 % of participants experienced communication difficulties, with 23.5 % reporting severe difficulties. Only 75.1 % of participants communicated verbally; more than half found communicating with professionals and non-familiar partners difficult. Level of ID, low social participation, challenging behaviours, and diagnosis of Down syndrome were significantly associated with communication difficulties. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Communication difficulties are prevalent in adults with ID and are influenced by complex factors. Interventions to enhance interaction and quality of life of individuals with ID should consider communication opportunities, needs, and barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Smith
- Department of Clinical Speech and Language Studies, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Beatrice Manduchi
- Department of Clinical Speech and Language Studies, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Éilish Burke
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rachael Carroll
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Mary McCarron
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Markovic-Jovanovic SR, Milovanovic JD, Jovanovic AN, Zivkovic JB, Balovic AD, Nickovic V, Vasic MZ, Ristic MZ. Comorbidities in children with intellectual disabilities. Birth Defects Res 2020; 112:54-61. [PMID: 31502761 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intellectual disability (ID) is registered in 2%-3% of newborns. In most cases, the causes are not identifiable. OBJECTIVE We explored the correlation between the intellectual disability and gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score, familial diseases, congenital anomalies, and acquired medical disorders, with the aim to estimate the prevalence and severity of comorbidities in the affected children. METHODS Our study included 22 children with ID, and 24 with proper psychomotor development, aged 5-10 who were not considered to have ID. RESULTS The presence of familial disorders and CNS congenital anomalies increased the risk of ID 4.147 and 2.59 times, respectively. The risk for other congenital and noncongenital diseases was higher (7.38 and 1.4 times, respectively) in children with intellectual disability. CONCLUSIONS Children with intellectual disabilities have higher incidence of congenital diseases, family disorders and a higher frequency of acquired disorders during childhood. Apgar score is a sensitive predictor of morbidity regarding congenital as well as noncongenital medical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jovan B Zivkovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pristina, K. Mitrovica
| | | | - Vanja Nickovic
- Department of Infectology, Clinical Hospital Center of Gracanica
| | - Maja Z Vasic
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pristina, K. Mitrovica
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Field C, Lewis C, Allen ML. Referent selection in children with Autism Spectrum Condition and intellectual disabilities: Do social cues affect word-to-object or word-to-location mappings? RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2019; 91:103425. [PMID: 31252178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is conflicting evidence regarding whether children with Autism Spectrum Condition (ASC) and intellectual disabilities (ID) follow social pragmatic cues such as a speaker's eye gaze or pointing towards a novel object to assist mapping a new word onto a new object (e.g. fast mapping). AIMS We test fast mapping from a speaker's gaze and pointing towards objects in children with ASC and ID with varying chronological and receptive language ages compared with receptive language matched groups of typically developing (TD) children. METHODS AND PROCEDURE Across eight trials, a speaker gazed and/or pointed towards one out of two objects while saying a new word. Pointing was either 'referential' (with intention), or 'incidental' (without obvious intention). To investigate whether children formed more robust word-to-object links rather than associative word-to-location ones, we reversed the original location of the objects in half of the test trials. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Children with ASC were as successful as TD children using social cues to form word-to-object mappings. Surprisingly, children with ID did not fast map from referential pointing, or when objects changed location. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Children with ID may use different processes to facilitate word learning compared to TD children and even children with ASC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Field
- Lancaster University, Fylde College, Department of Psychology, Lancaster, LA1 4YF, United Kingdom.
| | - Charlie Lewis
- Lancaster University, Fylde College, Department of Psychology, Lancaster, LA1 4YF, United Kingdom.
| | - Melissa L Allen
- Lancaster University, Fylde College, Department of Psychology, Lancaster, LA1 4YF, United Kingdom.
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Tomas E, Vissers C. Behind the Scenes of Developmental Language Disorder: Time to Call Neuropsychology Back on Stage. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 12:517. [PMID: 30687040 PMCID: PMC6333853 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the Developmental Language Disorder (DLD), also known as Specific Language Impairment in children has been the focus of unceasing scientific attention for decades, the nature and mechanisms of this disorder remain unclear. Most importantly, we still cannot reliably identify children requiring urgent intervention among other ‘late talkers’ at an early age and understand the high prevalence of comorbidity with psychiatric phenomena such as Autism Spectrum Disorder. One of the main reasons for this is the traditional ‘diagnosis-by-exclusion,’ resulting in heterogeneity of the DLD population. This paper proposes an alternative approach to the diagnosis, treatment and research of DLD, claiming that it is these children’s multiple deficits in neuropsychological development, which impede the spontaneous acquisition of their first language. Specifically, this review of the state-of-the-art in DLD research demonstrates deep and systematic interconnections between the speech and other higher cognitive functions developing in early childhood, including perception, attention and executive functions. In the proposed framework, speech is, therefore, considered as one of neuropsychological abilities, and the delay in its development is explained by other neuropsychological deficits, resulting in highly individual clinical profiles. By considering DLD as a complex neuropsychological syndrome, whose successful treatment depends on a holistic approach to diagnosis and intervention, we may significantly increase the efficacy of speech therapy, and also better understand the flexibility of the developing brain, its compensatory mechanisms and hence the comorbidity of DLD with psychiatric symptoms. Implications for using this paradigm in future scientific research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Tomas
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Constance Vissers
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Royal Dutch Kentalis, Sint-Michielsgestel, Netherlands
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