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Entio LJ, Taggart CB, Muir JP, Kan E, Brady JA, Obayomi O. Dairy Effluent-Saturated Biochar's Short-Term Effects on Vigna unguiculata and Cynodon dactylon Performance and Soil Properties. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:851. [PMID: 38592900 PMCID: PMC10975149 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
We compared the effects of wood-, manure-, and blend-derived biochar (BC) saturated/unsaturated with dairy effluents on Vigna unguiculata and Cynodon dactylon performance and soil characteristics in a greenhouse pot study. Plant samples were assayed for herbage and root dry weight and N and C percentages. Soil samples were assayed for nutrients, pH, and conductivity. Variance analysis, Tukey's tests, Pearson's correlations, and multiple regression analysis were performed. The performance of C. dactylon was not affected. V. unguiculata's herbage and root production responded negatively to manure BC and 2% of any BC, respectively, which is mainly explained by the conductivity and soil P increase, respectively. When V. unguiculata was grown, BC inclusion decreased NO3-N and increased the soil P content. When C. dactylon was grown, only P was altered (increased) when manure or the blend BC were applied. The soil total C increased as the BC loading rate increased. The application of high BC rates was detrimental for V. unguiculata, but showed a neutral effect for C. dactylon. To improve dairy waste recycling, saturated 1% blend BC and saturated 2% blend or manure BC could be applied to V. unguiculata and C. dactylon, respectively, with no short-term negative impacts. Only wood BC avoided soil P build-up. BC application increased the soil total C, showing potential for C sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisandro J. Entio
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 North US Highway 281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA; (C.B.T.); (E.K.); (J.A.B.); (O.O.)
| | - Cosette B. Taggart
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 North US Highway 281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA; (C.B.T.); (E.K.); (J.A.B.); (O.O.)
- Wildlife and Natural Resources Department, Tarleton State University, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA
| | - James P. Muir
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 North US Highway 281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA; (C.B.T.); (E.K.); (J.A.B.); (O.O.)
- Wildlife and Natural Resources Department, Tarleton State University, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA
| | - Eunsung Kan
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 North US Highway 281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA; (C.B.T.); (E.K.); (J.A.B.); (O.O.)
- Wildlife and Natural Resources Department, Tarleton State University, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA
| | - Jeff A. Brady
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 North US Highway 281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA; (C.B.T.); (E.K.); (J.A.B.); (O.O.)
| | - Olabiyi Obayomi
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 North US Highway 281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA; (C.B.T.); (E.K.); (J.A.B.); (O.O.)
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Li T, Yang H, Zhang N, Dong L, Wu A, Wu Q, Zhao M, Liu H, Li Y, Wang Y. Synergistic effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and biochar are highly beneficial to Ligustrum lucidum seedlings in Cd-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:11214-11227. [PMID: 38217817 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31870-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination is a widespread environmental issue. There is a lack of knowledge about the impacts of applying arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and biochar, either alone or in their combination, on alleviating Cd phytotoxicity in Ligustrum lucidum. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, where L. lucidum seedlings were randomly subjected to four regimes of AMF treatments (inoculation with sterilized AMF, with Rhizophagus irregularis, Diversispora versiformis, alone or a mixture of these two fungi), and two regimes of biochar treatments (with or without rice-husk biochar), as well as three regimes of Cd treatments (0, 15, and 150 mg kg-1), to examine the responses of growth, photosynthetic capabilities, soil enzymatic activities, nutritional concentrations, and Cd absorption of L. lucidum plants to the interactive effects of AMF, biochar, and Cd. The results demonstrated that under Cd contaminations, AMF alone significantly increased plant total dry weight, soil pH, and plant nitrogen (N) concentration by 84%, 3.2%, and 13.2%, respectively, and inhibited soil Cd transferring to plant shoot by 42.2%; biochar alone significantly enhanced net photosynthetic rate, soil pH, and soil catalase of non-mycorrhizal plants by 16.4%, 9%, and 11.9%, respectively, and reduced the soil Cd transferring to plant shoot by 44.7%; the additive effect between AMF and biochar greatly enhanced plant total dry weight by 101.9%, and reduced the soil Cd transferring to plant shoot by 51.6%. Furthermore, dual inoculation with D. versiformis and R. irregularis conferred more benefits on plants than the single fungal species did. Accordingly, amending Cd-contaminated soil with the combination of mixed-fungi inoculation and biochar application performed the best than either AMF or biochar alone. These responses may have been attributed to higher mycorrhizal colonization, soil pH, biomass accumulation, and biomass allocation to the roots, as well as photosynthetic capabilities. In conclusion, the combined use of mixed-fungi involving D. versiformis and R. irregularis and biochar addition had significant synergistic effects on enhancing plant performance and reducing Cd uptake of L. lucidum plants in Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Huan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Naili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources and the Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lijia Dong
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Aiping Wu
- Ecology Department, College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Qiqian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Mingshui Zhao
- Zhejiang Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve Administration, Hangzhou, 311311, China
| | - Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
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Entio LJ, Taggart CB, Muir JP, Kan E, Brady JA, Obayomi O. Biochar and Dairy Manure Amendment Effects on Cynodon dactylon Performance and Soil Properties. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:242. [PMID: 38256792 PMCID: PMC10818437 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Studies have determined the separate effects of biochar (BC) and manure application on forage species and soil, but few examined the effects of BCs made from different feedstock applied along with dairy manure. We compared the effect of wood- and manure-derived feedstock BC as well as dairy manure amendment application on Cynodon dactylon performance and soil properties in sandy loam and clay loam soils in a greenhouse pot study. Plant samples were assayed for herbage and root dry weight as well as herbage and root N and C percent and yield. Soil samples were assayed for macronutrients, micronutrients, metals, pH and conductivity. Data analyses involved variance analysis and Tukey's tests using R in RStudio (the IDE). In general, C. dactylon yields or mineral content were not affected by either manure or BC. However, an increase in the total herbage dry weight (30%) and in herbage N% (55%) was observed for clay loam and sandy loam soil, respectively, due to manure amendment application. There were no alterations in clay loam NO3-N and P due to any treatment; however, in sandy loam, these nutrients were not altered only when wood BC was applied. In sandy loam soil, NO3-N and P increased when manure BC along with dairy manure and when manure BC alone were applied, respectively. Thus, wood BC application should be considered to avoid these nutrient buildups when dairy manure is used as a soil amendment. This research shows a neutral (BC) or positive (dairy manure amendment) impact on C. dactylon performance. BC incorporation increases soil total C, showing potential for C sequestration. Long-term field trials could corroborate plant performance and soil parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisandro J. Entio
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 US-281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA; (C.B.T.); (E.K.); (J.A.B.); (O.O.)
| | - Cosette B. Taggart
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 US-281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA; (C.B.T.); (E.K.); (J.A.B.); (O.O.)
- Wildlife and Natural Resources Department, Tarleton State University, P.O. Box T-0050, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA
| | - James P. Muir
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 US-281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA; (C.B.T.); (E.K.); (J.A.B.); (O.O.)
- Wildlife and Natural Resources Department, Tarleton State University, P.O. Box T-0050, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA
| | - Eunsung Kan
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 US-281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA; (C.B.T.); (E.K.); (J.A.B.); (O.O.)
| | - Jeff A. Brady
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 US-281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA; (C.B.T.); (E.K.); (J.A.B.); (O.O.)
| | - Olabiyi Obayomi
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 US-281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA; (C.B.T.); (E.K.); (J.A.B.); (O.O.)
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Jam E, Khomari S, Ebadi A, Goli-Kalanpa E, Ghavidel A. Influences of peanut hull-derived biochar, Trichoderma harzianum and supplemental phosphorus on hairy vetch growth in Pb- and Zn-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:9411-9432. [PMID: 37246205 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01606-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, in order to improve the growth performance of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth., Local landrace from Ardabil, Iran) seedlings grown in the soil contaminated with heavy metals Pb and Zn, our attention was directed toward the application of biochar, inoculation with conidial suspension of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai-T22 and management of phosphorus (P) nutrition. Heavy metal toxicity reduced leaf greenness, membrane stability index, maximum quantum yield of PSΙΙ (Fv/Fm), P concentration and uptake in plant tissues and root and shoot biomass, but increased Pb and Zn concentration and uptake in root and leaf, H2O2 and malondialdehyde content and CAT and POX activity in the leaves. The application of biochar, inoculation with Trichoderma fungus and P supplementation increased the shoot P content, which might contribute to the alleviation of P insufficiency and a subsequent elevation in P transfer to aboveground biomass, and eliminated the toxicity of heavy metal on hairy vetch plants, which was revealed in reducing oxidative stress and enhancing plant growth performance. The biochar considerably increased Zn immobilization, while being able to slightly stabilize Pb. Co-application of Trichoderma and 22 mg P/kg soil (22P) increased the concentration and uptake of Zn in the roots and decreased the translocation of this element to the shoots, especially when biochar was not amended. Although the biochar and P inputs could compensate the negative Trichoderma effects, the results suggested that biochar application in combination with fungal inoculation and 22-P supplementation could not only increase hairy vetch growth performance but also decline heavy metal uptake to ensure the production of a forage crop in soils polluted with heavy metals based on the nutritional standards of livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Jam
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeid Khomari
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Ali Ebadi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Esmaiel Goli-Kalanpa
- Department of Soil Science Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Akbar Ghavidel
- Department of Soil Science Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
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Sun W, Shahrajabian MH. The Application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi as Microbial Biostimulant, Sustainable Approaches in Modern Agriculture. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3101. [PMID: 37687348 PMCID: PMC10490045 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Biostimulant application can be considered an effective, practical, and sustainable nutritional crop supplementation and may lessen the environmental problems related to excessive fertilization. Biostimulants provide beneficial properties to plants by increasing plant metabolism, which promotes crop yield and improves the quality of crops; protecting plants against environmental stresses such as water shortage, soil salinization, and exposure to sub-optimal growth temperatures; and promoting plant growth via higher nutrient uptake. Other important benefits include promoting soil enzymatic and microbial activities, changing the architecture of roots, increasing the solubility and mobility of micronutrients, and enhancing the fertility of the soil, predominantly by nurturing the development of complementary soil microbes. Biostimulants are classified as microbial, such as arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF), plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), non-pathogenic fungi, protozoa, and nematodes, or non-microbial, such as seaweed extract, phosphite, humic acid, other inorganic salts, chitin and chitosan derivatives, protein hydrolysates and free amino acids, and complex organic materials. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are among the most prominent microbial biostimulants and have an important role in cultivating better, healthier, and more functional foods in sustainable agriculture. AMF assist plant nutrient and water acquisition; enhance plant stress tolerance against salinity, drought, and heavy metals; and reduce soil erosion. AMF are proven to be a sustainable and environmentally friendly source of crop supplements. The current manuscript gives many examples of the potential of biostimulants for the production of different crops. However, further studies are needed to better understand the effectiveness of different biostimulants in sustainable agriculture. The review focuses on how AMF application can overcome nutrient limitations typical of organic systems by improving nutrient availability, uptake, and assimilation, consequently reducing the gap between organic and conventional yields. The aim of this literature review is to survey the impacts of AMF by presenting case studies and successful paradigms in different crops as well as introducing the main mechanisms of action of the different biostimulant products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Sun
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13-4260-83836
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Wu C, Yang Y, Zhong Y, Guan Y, Chen Q, Du W, Liu G. Biological calcium carbonate enhanced the ability of biochar to passivate antimony and lead in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:1365-1373. [PMID: 37405368 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00117b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of immobilization of heavy metals in the soil using biochar has been studied extensively. However, the decomposition of biochar by biological and abiotic factors can reactivate the immobilized heavy metals in soil. Previous research showed that the addition of biological calcium carbonate (bio-CaCO3) can significantly increase the stability of biochar. However, the influence of bio-CaCO3 on the ability of biochar to immobilize heavy metals remains unclear. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of bio-CaCO3 on the use of biochar to immobilize the cationic heavy metal lead and the anionic heavy metal antimony. The addition of bio-CaCO3 not only significantly improved the passivation ability of Pb and Sb but also reduced their migration in the soil. Mechanistic studies have shown that the reasons for the enhanced ability of biochar to immobilize heavy metals can be summarized in three aspects. First, the introduced inorganic component CaCO3 can precipitate and exchange ions with lead and antimony. Second, the N element in the organic component of bio-CaCO3 underwent polycondensation with the organic carbon in biochar to form pyridine N and pyrrole N structures, which can form a strong complex with lead and antimony. Pyridine N complexes more strongly than pyrrole N. Third, bio-CaCO3 increased the degree of aromatization and the surface π-electron density of biochar, which enhanced the ability of biochar to adsorb heavy metals. This study will provide a new concept for the application of biochar as an amendment to remediate heavy metals in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
| | - Yaping Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
| | - Yan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
| | - Qingqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
| | - Wenping Du
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
| | - Guo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
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Tu P, Zhang G, Cen Y, Huang B, Li J, Li Y, Deng L, Yuan H. Enhanced phosphate adsorption and desorption characteristics of MgO-modified biochars prepared via direct co-pyrolysis of MgO and raw materials. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2023; 10:49. [PMID: 38647775 PMCID: PMC10991339 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-023-00670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Biochar modified by metal ions-particularly Mg-is typically used for the effective recovery of phosphorous. In this study, MgO-modified biochars were synthesized via the direct co-pyrolysis of MgO and raw materials such as rice straw, corn straw, Camellia oleifera shells, and branches from garden waste, which were labeled as MRS, MCS, MOT, and MGW, respectively. The resulting phosphate (PO) adsorption capacities and potential adsorption mechanisms were analyzed. The PO adsorption capacities of the biochars were significantly improved after the modification with MgO: MRS (24.71 ± 0.32 mg/g) > MGW (23.55 ± 0.46 mg/g) > MOT (15.23 ± 0.19 mg/g) > MCS (14.12 ± 0.21 mg/g). PO adsorption on the modified biochars was controlled by physical adsorption, precipitation, and surface inner-sphere complexation processes, although no electrostatic attraction was observed. Furthermore, PO adsorbed on modified biochars could be released under acidic, alkaline, and neutral conditions. The desorption efficiency of MRS was modest, indicating its suitability as a slow-release fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Tu
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanlin Zhang
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yingyuan Cen
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoyuan Huang
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongquan Li
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Deng
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haoran Yuan
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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You Y, Wang L, Ju C, Wang X, Wang Y. How does phosphorus influence Cd tolerance strategy in arbuscular mycorrhizal - Phragmites australis symbiotic system? JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 452:131318. [PMID: 37011447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
To clarify how phosphorus (P) influences arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) interactions with host plants, we measured the effects of variation in environmental P levels and AMF colonization on photosynthesis, element absorption, ultrastructure, antioxidant capacity, and transcription mechanisms in Phragmites australis (P. australis) under cadmium (Cd) stress. AMF maintained photosynthetic stability, element balance, subcellular integrity and enhanced antioxidant capacity by upregulating antioxidant gene expression. Specifically, AMF overcame Cd-induced stomatal limitation, and mycorrhizal dependence peaked in the high Cd-moderate P treatment (156.08%). Antioxidants and compatible solutes responded to P-level changes: the primary driving forces of removing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and maintaining osmotic balance were superoxide dismutase, catalase, and sugars at limited P levels and total polyphenol, flavonoid, peroxidase, and proline at abundant P levels, we refer to this phenomenon as "functional link." AMF and phosphorus enhanced Cd tolerance in P. australis, but the regulation of AMF was P-dependent. Phosphorus prevented increases in total glutathione content and AMF-induced GSH/GSSG ratio (reduced to oxidized glutathione ratio) by inhibiting the expression of assimilatory sulfate reduction and glutathione reductase genes. The AMF-induced flavonoid synthesis pathway was regulated by P, and AMF activated Cd-tolerance mechanisms by inducing P-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang You
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chang Ju
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
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Lu J, Luo Y, Huang J, Hou B, Wang B, Ogino K, Zhao J, Si H. The effect of biochar on the migration theory of nutrient ions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157262. [PMID: 35820527 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As the acidification of arable soils increases, the utilization of nutrient ions such as N, P, and K decreases substantially. It causes environmental pollution and reduces crop yields. Through previous studies, acidified soil amendments have problems such as easy-retrograde and unclear mechanism. Therefore, in this study, biochar prepared by pyrolysis using peanut shells was used as a green amendment for acidified soil. Biochar with 0, 5 and 10 % biochar ratios were applied to the acidified soil, and the improvement and mechanism were investigated via experiments and software simulations. Analysis of the software simulation results revealed that biochar had the highest unit adsorption of K+ through physical adsorption at 820.38 mg/g. This was followed by PO43-, NO3-, and NH4+ as 270.51, 235.65 and 130.93 mg/g, respectively. These ions were controlled by both electrostatic and ion-exchange adsorption processes. During the improvement, the 10 % biochar ratio group performed the best with a 65.32 % reduction in the outlet volume, and the accumulated levels of nutrient ions in the leachate dropped by 48.40-68.28 % and increased by 437.80-913.87 % in the surface soil. Nutrient ion levels decreased gradually with the increase of soil depth, which agreed with the software simulation results. This study found that applying biochar to acidified soils can provide a solution to low nutrient utilization efficiency and unclear improvement mechanism of acidified soils, and provide a partial theoretical basis for the large-scale application of biochar. Future research on biochar for soil carbon sink and microbial expansion can be strengthened to contribute to environmental protection and multi-level utilization of energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikai Lu
- College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, 239 Song-ling Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 19 Ke-yuan Road, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Yina Luo
- College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, 239 Song-ling Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China
| | - Junlin Huang
- College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, 239 Song-ling Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China
| | - Bingyan Hou
- College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, 239 Song-ling Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 19 Ke-yuan Road, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China; Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
| | - Kenji Ogino
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Jian Zhao
- College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, 239 Song-ling Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China.
| | - Hongyu Si
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 19 Ke-yuan Road, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China.
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10
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You Y, Ju C, Wang L, Wang X, Ma F, Wang G, Wang Y. The mechanism of arbuscular mycorrhizal enhancing cadmium uptake in Phragmites australis depends on the phosphorus concentration. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 440:129800. [PMID: 36027745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is a vital strategy to enhance the phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd) pollution. However, the function of AMF was influenced by phosphorus (P) concentration. To reveal the effect of AMF on the Cd accumulation of host plants under different P concentrations and how the AMF and P interact, this study comparatively analyzed the regulatory effects of AMF on the Cd response, extraction, and transportation processes of Phragmites australis (P. australis) under different P levels, and explored its physiological, biochemical and molecular biological mechanisms. The study showed that AMF could induce different growth allocation strategies in response to Cd stress. Moreover, AMF promoted plant Cd tolerance and detoxification by enhancing P uptake, Cd passivation, Cd retention in the cell wall, and functional group modulation. Under P starvation treatments, AMF promoted Cd uptake by inducing Cd to enter the iron pathway, increased the transport coefficient by 493.39%, and retained Cd in stems. However, these effects disappeared following the addition of P. Additionally, AMF up-regulated the expression of ZIP, ZIP, and NRAMP genes to promote cadmium uptake at low, medium, and high phosphorus levels, respectively. Thus, the Cd response mechanism of the AMF-P. australis symbiotic system was P dose-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang You
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Chang Ju
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Gen Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
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11
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Xiao Y, Chen L. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduce potassium, cadmium and ammonium losses but increases nitrate loss under high intensity leaching events. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:365. [PMID: 35870882 PMCID: PMC9308228 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03741-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrients and heavy metals can be lost from soils via leaching, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can influence these events. Soil column experiments were carried out to examine whether leaching intensity and AMF can alter nutrient and Cd uptake in white clover plants and the extent of their losses through leaching. RESULTS The presence of AMF significantly increased shoot and total biomass, as well as increased N, P, Cu and Zn uptake independent of water amount applied; while root P and Cu uptakes were promoted by AMF at any water amount treatments. Higher water amounts led to reductions in total N, K and Zn uptake for AMF-colonized plants in comparison to moderate water amount treatments. In the absence of AMF, white clover at low water amount treatment exhibited maximal root Cd uptake. At high water amount treatments, the presence of AMF significantly decreased leachate volumes and the amount of leached NH4+, K and Cd while AMF significantly increased the amounts of leached NO3-. CONCLUSIONS Overall we found that AMF-colonized white clover plants reduced NH4+, K and Cd loss from soils but increased the risk of NO3- loss under high intensity leaching conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiao
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, P. R. China.
| | - Lu Chen
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, P. R. China
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12
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Gong H, Zhao L, Rui X, Hu J, Zhu N. A review of pristine and modified biochar immobilizing typical heavy metals in soil: Applications and challenges. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128668. [PMID: 35325861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the application of biochar in the remediation of heavy metals (HMs) contaminated soil has received tremendous attention globally. We reviewed the latest research on the immobilization of soil HMs by biochar almost in the last 5 years (until 2021). The methods, effects and mechanisms of biochar and modified biochar on the immobilization of typical HMs in soil have been systematically summarized. In general, the HMs contaminating the soil can be categorized into two groups, the oxy-anionic HMs (As and Cr) and the cationic HMs (Pb, Cd, etc.). Reduction and precipitation of oxy-anionic HMs by biochar/modified biochar are the dominant mechanism for reducing HMs toxicity. Pristine biochar can effectively immobilize cationic HMs. The commonly applied modification method is to add substances that can precipitate HMs to the biochar. In addition, we assessed the risks of biochar applications. For instance, biochar may cause the leaching of certain HMs; biochar aging; co-transportation of biochar nanoparticles with HMs. Future work should focus on the artificial/intelligent design of biochar to make it suitable for remediation of multiple HMs contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabo Gong
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xuan Rui
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinwen Hu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Nanwen Zhu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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13
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Field Experiments of Phyto-Stabilization, Biochar-Stabilization, and Their Coupled Stabilization of Soil Heavy Metal Contamination around a Copper Mine Tailing Site, Inner Mongolia. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12060702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A field trial was conducted in Inner Mongolia to evaluate the stabilization effects of phyto-stabilization, biochar-stabilization, and their coupled stabilization for As, Cu, Pb, and Zn in soil. Stabilization plants (Achnatherum splendens, Puccinellia chinampoensis, and Chinese small iris) and biochar (wood charcoals and chelator-modified biochar) were introduced in the field trial. The acid-extractable fraction and residual fraction of the elements were extracted following a three-stage modified procedure to assess the stabilization effect. The results after 60 days showed that the coupled stabilization produced a better stabilization effect than biochar-/phyto- stabilization alone. Achnatherum splendens and Puccinellia chinampoensis were found to activate the target elements: the residual fraction proportion of As, Cu, Pb, and Zn decreased while the acid-extractable fraction proportion of Cu and Zn increased in the corresponding planting area. Neither type of biochar produced a notable stabilization effect. The residual fraction proportion of As (20.8–84.0%, 29.2–82%), Pb (31.6–39.3%, 32.1–48.9%), and Zn (30.0–36.2%, 30.1–41.4%) increased, while the acid-extractable fraction proportion remained nearly unchanged after treatment using Chinese small iris-straw biochar or Achnatherum splendens-straw biochar, respectively. The results indicate that phyto-stabilization or biochar-stabilization alone are not suitable, whereas the coupled stabilization approach is a more efficient choice.
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14
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The Synergistic Effect of Biochar-Combined Activated Phosphate Rock Treatments in Typical Vegetables in Tropical Sandy Soil: Results from Nutrition Supply and the Immobilization of Toxic Metals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116431. [PMID: 35682013 PMCID: PMC9180871 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Sandy soils in tropical areas are more vulnerable to potential toxic elements as a result of their low nutrition. The composite addition of biochar and phosphate material is considered a promising method of immobilizing toxic metals in sandy soils, but the synergistic effects of this process still need to be further explored, especially in typical tropical vegetables. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the agronomic and toxic metal-immobilization effects of single amendments (phosphate rock, activated phosphate rock, and biochar) and combined amendments, including biochar mixed with phosphate rock (BCPR) and biochar mixed with activated phosphate rock (BCAPR), on vegetables grown in tropical sandy soil. Among these amendments, the composite amendment BCAPR was the most effective for increasing Ca, Mg, and P uptake based on water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica L.) and pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), showing increased ratios of 22.5%, 146.0%, and 136.0%, respectively. The SEM-EDS and FTIR analysis verified that the activation process induced by humic acid resulted in the complexation and chelation of the elements P, Ca, and Mg into bioavailable forms. Furthermore, the retention of available nutrition elements was enhanced due to the strong adsorption capacity of the biochar. In terms of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) passivation, the formation of insoluble mineral precipitates reduced the mobility of these metals within the BCAPR treatments, with the maximum level of extractable Cd (86.6%) and Pb (39.2%) reduction being observed in the tropical sandy soil. These results explore the use of sustainable novel cost-effective and highly efficient bi-functional mineral-based soil amendments for metal passivation and plant protection.
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15
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Li SQ, Li GD, Peng KM, Yang LH, Huang XF, Lu LJ, Liu J. The combined effect of Diversispora versiformis and sodium bentonite contributes on the colonization of Phragmites in cadmium-contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133613. [PMID: 35032512 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To promote the colonization of Phragmites in Cd polluted, nutrient deprived and structural damaged soil, the combined remediation using chemical and microbial modifiers were carried out in potting experiments. The co-application of Diversispora versiformis and sodium bentonite significantly improved the soil structure and phosphorus utilization of the plant, while decreasing the content of cadmium bound by diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid by 77.72%. As a result, the Phragmites height, tillers, and photosynthetic capacity were increased by 71.60%, 38.37%, and 17.54%, respectively. Further analysis suggested the co-application increased the abundance of phosphorus-releasing microbial communities like Pseudomonassp. and Gemmatimonadetes. Results of rhizosphere metabolites also proved that the signal molecule of lysophosphatidylcholine regulated the phosphorus fixation and utilization by the plant. This work finds composite modifiers are effective in the colonization of Phragmites in Cd contaminated soil by decreasing the bioavailable Cd, increasing the abundance of functional microbial communities and regulating the phosphorus fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Qiang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Gen-Dong Li
- Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigation District Water Conservancy Development Center, Bayan Nur, 015000, China
| | - Kai-Ming Peng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Li-Heng Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiang-Feng Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Li-Jun Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jia Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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16
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Li J, Zhang S, Ding X. Biochar combined with phosphate fertilizer application reduces soil cadmium availability and cadmium uptake of maize in Cd-contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:25925-25938. [PMID: 34854000 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17833-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has become the primary pollution factor in farmland, which seriously threatens crop growth and food safety. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of combined application with biochar and P fertilizer on soil Cd availability and translocation, in which biochar was 0 (C0) and 20 g kg-1 (C20), P fertilizer was 0 (P0), 20 (P20), and 40 mg P kg-1 (P40). Results showed that, compared with C0 level, the content of DTPA-Cd in soil was significantly decreased with biochar addition after 60 days of cultivation, under C20 level, soil DTPA-Cd in C20P40 treatment were significantly increased. Under both C levels, the percentage of exchangeable Cd fraction at P40 rate was significantly lower than that at P20 rate, because the excess P in soil could precipitate Cd. The percentage of residual-Cd fraction was significantly increased with the combined addition of biochar and P fertilizer, particularly in C20P40 treatment, which was 75.95%, while it was only 61.65% in C0P0 treatment. The Cd translocation factor (TF) and bioconcentration factor (BCF) were also significantly reduced in C20P20 and C20P40 treatments compared with C0P0 treatment. Therefore, the combined high P and biochar application was a good choice in inhibiting soil Cd availability and plant Cd uptake, which benefited to the safe utility of the Cd contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifeng Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Shandong, 266109, China
| | - Shirong Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Shandong, 266109, China
| | - Xiaodong Ding
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Shandong, 266109, China.
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17
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Korai PK, Sial TA, Pan G, Abdelrahman H, Sikdar A, Kumbhar F, Channa SA, Ali EF, Zhang J, Rinklebe J, Shaheen SM. Wheat and maize-derived water-washed and unwashed biochar improved the nutrients phytoavailability and the grain and straw yield of rice and wheat: A field trial for sustainable management of paddy soils. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 297:113250. [PMID: 34274764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of different biochars on grain yield and phytoavailability and uptake of macro- and micro-nutrients by rice and wheat grown in a paddy soil in a rotation. Soil was treated with i) maize raw (un-washed) biochar (MRB), ii) maize water-washed biochar (MWB), iii) wheat raw biochar (WRB) or iv) wheat water-washed biochar (WWB) and untreated soil was used as control (CF). Inorganic fertilizers were applied to all soils while biochar treated soils received 20 ton ha-1 of designated biochar before rice cultivation in rice-wheat rotation. The WRB significantly (P < 0.05) increased rice grain yield and straw by up to 49%, compared to the CF. Biochar addition, particularly WRB, significantly increased the availability of N, P, K and their content in the grain (26-37%) and straw (22-37%) of rice and wheat. Also, the availability and grain content of Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu increased significantly after biochar addition, particularly after the WRB, due to WRB water dissolved C acting as a carrier for micronutrients in soil and plant. However, the water-washing process altered biochar properties, particularly the water extractable C, which decreased its efficiency. Both wheat- and maize-derived biochars, particularly the WRB, are recommended to improve nutrients availability and to improve grain yield in the rice-wheat rotation agro-ecosystem. These results shed light on the importance of crop straw transformation into an important source for soil C and nutrients necessary for sustainable management of wheat-rice agro-ecosystem. However, with the current and future alternative energy demands, the decision on using crop biomass for soil conservation or for bioenergy becomes a challenge reliant on regulatory and policy frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punhoon Khan Korai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Faculty of Agriculture, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, 90150, Balochistan, Pakistan; Center of Biomass and Biochar Green Technology, Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tanveer Ali Sial
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Department of Soil Science, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh, 70060, Pakistan
| | - Genxing Pan
- Center of Biomass and Biochar Green Technology, Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Hamada Abdelrahman
- Cairo University, Faculty of Agriculture, Soil Science Department, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Ashim Sikdar
- Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Farhana Kumbhar
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, College of Dera Murad Jamali, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, 90150, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Siraj Ahmed Channa
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam Sindh, 70060, Pakistan
| | - Esmat F Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; University of Sejong, Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea; International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan, 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
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18
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Ghodszad L, Reyhanitabar A, Maghsoodi MR, Asgari Lajayer B, Chang SX. Biochar affects the fate of phosphorus in soil and water: A critical review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131176. [PMID: 34144290 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a promising novel material for managing phosphorus (P), a nutrient often limiting for primary production but can also be a pollutant, in the environment. Reducing P input to the environment and finding cost-effective approaches to remediate P contamination are major challenges in P management. There is currently no review that systematically summarizes biochar effects on soil P availability and its P removal potential from water systems. In this paper, we comprehensively reviewed biochar effects on soil P availability and P removal from water systems and discussed the mechanisms involved. Biochar affects soil P cycling by altering P chemical forms, changing soil P sorption and desorption capacities, and influencing microbial population size, enzyme activities, mycorrhizal associations and microbial production of metal-chelating organic acids. The porous structure, high specific surface area, and metal oxide and surface functional groups make biochars effective materials for removing P from eutrophic water via ligand exchange, cation bridge, and P precipitation. Because soil and biochar properties are widely variable, the effect of biochar on the fate of P in soil and water systems is inconsistent among different studies. Knowledge gaps in the economic practicability of large-scale biochar application, the longevity of biochar benefits, and the potential ecological risks of biochar application should be addressed in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Ghodszad
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Adel Reyhanitabar
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Behnam Asgari Lajayer
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Scott X Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300, Zhejiang, China; Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E3, Canada.
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19
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Huang H, Guo T, Wang K, Li Y, Zhang G. Efficient activation of persulfate by a magnetic recyclable rape straw biochar catalyst for the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride in water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143957. [PMID: 33333296 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A recyclable magnetic rape straw biochar (MRSB) catalyst was synthesized by a high value-added and energy-saving method using abandoned rape straw as the raw material. The MRSB catalyst showed high catalytic activity and recyclability for activating persulfate (PS) to degrade tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) in water. The Fe3O4 in the MRSB greatly promoted the activation of PS. More importantly, the MRSB catalyst exhibited high catalytic performance over a wide pH range (2.99-11.01) for activating PS to degrade TC in water. Moreover, MRSB still had good catalytic activity for TC degradation after 8 recycling cycles and was easily separated by an external magnetic field for reuse. The electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis indicated that the generation of the sulfate radicals (SO4-), hydroxyl radicals (OH) and superoxide radicals (O2-) was greatly promoted in the MRSB/PS system. As a result, MRSB exhibited 13.24-fold higher reaction rate for activating PS than those of rape straw biochar (RSB). Both radical mechanism and non-radical mechanism existed in the MRSB/PS system, and SO4- and singlet oxygen (1O2) played a determinative role. This study might give a new way to reuse abandoned rape straw and synthesize new recyclable catalysts for activating PS to degrade organic pollutants in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Gaoke Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
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20
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Riaz M, Kamran M, Fang Y, Wang Q, Cao H, Yang G, Deng L, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Anastopoulos I, Wang X. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-induced mitigation of heavy metal phytotoxicity in metal contaminated soils: A critical review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 402:123919. [PMID: 33254825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal pollution is a worldwide problem and has received a serious concern for the ecosystem and human health. In the last decade, remediation of the agricultural polluted soil has attracted great attention. Phytoremediation is one of the technologies that effectively alleviate heavy metal toxicity, however, this technique is limited to many factors contributing to low plant growth rate and nature of metal toxicities. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) assisted alleviation of heavy metal phytotoxicity is a cost-effective and environment-friendly strategy. AMF have a symbiotic relationship with the host plant. The bidirectional exchange of resources is a hallmark and also a functional necessity in mycorrhizal symbiosis. During the last few years, a significant progress in both physiological and molecular mechanisms regarding roles of AMF in the alleviation of heavy metals (HMs) toxicities in plants, acquisition of nutrients, and improving plant performance under toxic conditions of HMs has been well studied. This review summarized the current knowledge regarding AMF assisted remediation of heavy metals and some of the strategies used by mycorrhizal fungi to cope with stressful environments. Moreover, this review provides the information of both molecular and physiological responses of mycorrhizal plants as well as AMF to heavy metal stress which could be helpful for exploring new insight into the mechanisms of HMs remediation by utilizing AMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Riaz
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Yizeng Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Huayuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Guoling Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Lulu Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Youjuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Ioannis Anastopoulos
- Radioanalytical and Environmental Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, Nicosia, CY-1678, Cyprus
| | - Xiurong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
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21
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Gujre N, Soni A, Rangan L, Tsang DCW, Mitra S. Sustainable improvement of soil health utilizing biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115549. [PMID: 33246313 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Conservation of soil health and crop productivity is the central theme for sustainable agriculture practices. It is unrealistic to expect that the burgeoning crop production demands will be met by a soil ecosystem that is increasingly unhealthy and constrained. Therefore, the present review is focused on soil amendment techniques, using biochar in combination with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which is an indispensable biotic component that maintains plant-soil continuum. Globally significant progress has been made in elucidating the physical and chemical properties of biochar; along with its role in carbon sequestration. Similarly, research advances on AMF include its evolutionary background, functions, and vital roles in the soil ecosystem. The present review deliberates on the premise that biochar and AMF have the potential to become cardinal to management of agro-ecosystems. The wider perspectives of various agronomical and environmental backgrounds are discussed. The present state of knowledge, different aspects and limitations of combined biochar and AMF applications (BC + AMF), mechanisms of interaction between biochar and AMF, effects on plant growth, challenges and future opportunities of BC + AMF applications are critically reviewed. Given the severely constrained nature of soil health, the roles of BC + AMF in agriculture, bioremediation and ecology have also been examined. In spite of the potential benefits, the functionality and dynamics of BC + AMF in soil are far from being fully elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihal Gujre
- Agro-ecotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Ankit Soni
- Agro-ecotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Latha Rangan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sudip Mitra
- Agro-ecotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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22
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Teng F, Zhang Y, Wang D, Shen M, Hu D. Iron-modified rice husk hydrochar and its immobilization effect for Pb and Sb in contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:122977. [PMID: 32474324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cationic and anionic heavy metal contamination sometimes co-exists in soil systems, such as mining areas and shooting ranges, seriously threatens human health and ecological stability. In this study, iron-modified rice husk hydrochar showed commendable ability to immobilize both heavy metal cation (Pb) and anion (Sb) simultaneously in soils. Iron-modified rice husk hydrochar (HC12.5-180) (5%) amendment reduced the bioavailability (EX- and CB-fraction) of Pb and Sb by 25 and 40%, respectively, which were 8 and 5 times higher than that of pristine rice husk hydrochar (HC0-180) (5%) amendment. The cation (Pb) immobilization mainly depends on cation exchange with mineral components (K+, Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+), precipitation with nonmetallic anions (Cl- and SO42-), and complexation. Meanwhile, the iron oxides (FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4), formed during hydrothermal process, can be easily combined with anion (Sb) to form geochemically stable minerals. In conclusion, this work offered a practical and cost-effective technology based on the iron modification rice husk hydrochar for the immobilization of both anionic and cationic heavy metal contaminants in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyun Teng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Dequan Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Regions, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750021, PR China
| | - Maocai Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Duofei Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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23
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Yang Q, Zhao Z, Hou H, Bai Z, Yuan Y, Su Z, Wang G. The effect of combined ecological remediation (plant microorganism modifier) on rare earth mine wasteland. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:13679-13691. [PMID: 32034593 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07886-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to the vegetation destruction and soil desertification caused by excessive exploitation at Ganzhou ion-type rare earth mine in the mid-1980s, it is essential to carry out ecological remediation. The symbiotic mycorrhiza formed by the developed perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) roots infected with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can significantly improve the growth and resistance of plants. In this study, the combination of symbiotic mycorrhiza and soil modifier was used to construct the ryegrass-AMF-soil modifier combined remediation technology, which achieved effective ecological remediation of soil tailings. The orthogonal experiment of soil modifier showed that the most efficient formula for ryegrass biomass, soil organic matter, soil alkaline hydrolysis, soil available phosphorus, and soil pH was 5 g/kg sepiolite, 3 g/kg chicken manure, 2 g/kg humic acid, and 2 g/kg biochar (A4B3C3D3), and chicken manure (B), humic acid (C), and biochar (D) had significant effects on the improvement of ryegrass biomass, soil organic matter, soil alkaline nitrogen, and soil available phosphorus. Sepiolite (A) had a significant improvement in soil pH. Furthermore, the AMF infection results indicated that Glomus moss (G.m.) had higher affinity with ryegrass. The T4 treatment-combined remediation using G.m. inoculation had the most significant effect on ryegrass growth; plant height increased by 39.19% compared with T1 treatment-inoculation using G.m. Under combined remediation, soil pH, organic matter, alkali nitrogen, and effective phosphorus content also significantly improved after combined treatment. Under G.m. inoculation treatment (T4 treatment), the soil nutrient content reached the three criteria of the soil nutrient grading standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yang
- College of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, No.29, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhongqiu Zhao
- College of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, No.29, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing, 100035, China.
| | - Hong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Zhongke Bai
- College of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, No.29, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- College of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, No.29, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhijie Su
- College of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, No.29, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Guangyao Wang
- College of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, No.29, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
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24
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Rafique M, Ortas I, Rizwan M, Chaudhary HJ, Gurmani AR, Hussain Munis MF. Residual effects of biochar and phosphorus on growth and nutrient accumulation by maize (Zea mays L.) amended with microbes in texturally different soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 238:124710. [PMID: 31545216 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of study was to examine the residual effects of two types of biochar amendments, two phosphorus (P) fertilizer levels, phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungs (AMF) on plant growth, nutrients absorption and root architecture of Zea mays L. in texturally different soils. Biochar signficantly increased nutrients absorption and plant biomass production with P-fertilization and microbial inoculantion. Texturally different soils enhanced the plant biomass and nutrients absorption in their independent capacity on addition of biochar, microbial inoculants and P-fertilization. It was shown that mycorrhizal inoculation had positive influence on plant root and shoot biomass in both soils irrespective to the biochar type used. Root colonization was notably increased in biochar + mycorrhizae (B + M) inocultaed plants. It was shown that mycorrhizal inoculation had positive influence on nutrients absorption by plant roots and it had high content of P, potassium, calcium and magnesium in plants at all biochar and P levels. Without P fertilization, biochar amendments significantly promoted shoot P content and root colonization. The P application significantly influenced soil microbial activity in terms of nutrient concentration and plant growth. Root attributes were significantly inclined by microbial inoculation. Residual effects of biochar and P significantly enhanced the nutreints absorption and maize plant growth. Thus, we concluded that residual biochar and P fertilizer showed positive effects on nutrients absorption and maize plant growth promotion in differently textured soils. Microbial inoculants further stimulated the plant biomass production and nutrients absorption due to effective root colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhar Rafique
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan; Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Cukurova University, Adana, 1150, Turkey; Department of Soil Science, The University of Haripur, Haripur, 22630, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ibrahim Ortas
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Cukurova University, Adana, 1150, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | | | - Ali Raza Gurmani
- Department of Soil Science, The University of Haripur, Haripur, 22630, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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25
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Lu N, Xu X, Wang P, Zhang P, Ji B, Wang X. Succession in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can be attributed to a chronosequence of Cunninghamia lanceolata. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18057. [PMID: 31792242 PMCID: PMC6889488 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54452-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play an important role in plant-fungi communities. It remains a central question of how the AM fungal community changes as plants grow. To establish an understanding of AM fungal community dynamics associated with Chinese fir, Chinese fir with five different growth stages were studied and 60 root samples were collected at the Jiangle National Forestry Farm, Fujian Province. A total of 76 AM fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified by high-throughput sequencing on an Illumina Miseq platform. The genera covered by OTUs were Glomus, Archaeospora, Acaulospora, Gigaspora and Diversispora. Glomus dominated the community in the whole stage. The number and composition of OTUs varied along with the host plant growth. The number of OTUs showed an inverted V-shaped change with the host plant age, and the maximum occurred in 23-year. Overall, the basic species diversity and richness in this study were stable. Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis based on bray-curtis distance revealed that there were remarkable differentiations between the 9-year and other stages. Besides, AM fungal community in 32-year had a significant difference with that of 23-year, while no significant difference with that of 45-year, suggesting that 32-year may be a steady stage for AM fungi associated with Chinese fir. The cutting age in 32-year may be the most favorable for microbial community. The pH, total N, total P, total K, available N, available P, available K, organic matter and Mg varied as the Chinese fir grows. According to Mantel test and redundancy analysis, available N, available P, K and Mg could exert significant influence on AM fungal communities, and these variables explained 31% of variance in the composition of AM fungal communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nini Lu
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation Joint-constructed by Province and Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xuelei Xu
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation Joint-constructed by Province and Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation Joint-constructed by Province and Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation Joint-constructed by Province and Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Experimental Forest Farm, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100095, China
| | - Baoming Ji
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xinjie Wang
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation Joint-constructed by Province and Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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