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Song X, Han D, Zhang J, Fan J, Ning P, Peng Y. Study on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of Chinese college students: a cross-sectional analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1340642. [PMID: 38686032 PMCID: PMC11056571 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1340642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the mental health of college students, prompting the need for universities to implement measures to mitigate these adverse effects. This study aims to assess the mental health status and mitigation measures of college students, identify the primary factors contributing to their mental health challenges, and provide suggestions for educational institutions to reduce negative psychological impacts. Methods In February 2023, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1,445 college students. Statistical analysis was performed on the survey results, and multiple regression models were used to identify significant influencing factors and optimize the model. Results The study revealed correlations between factors affecting mental health during the pandemic, with interactions observed among some factors. Significant differences in mental health status were found among different groups of college students based on their information-sharing habits through apps and engagement in thesis research. Multiple regression analysis indicated that conducting academic research related to COVID-19 significantly increased the psychological stress of college students during the pandemic (p = 0.043). Among all mitigation measures, playing games demonstrated significant effectiveness in model analysis (p = 0.047). The optimization of the model showed that the multiple regression model considering the interaction of factors was more effective. Conclusion Our research identifies crucial factors influencing the mental health of college students and investigates the mental health status of various student groups. We recommend that educational institutions adopt proactive strategies and a multifaceted approach to support the mental health of college students and address potential issues that may arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Song
- School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Demin Han
- School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiajun Fan
- School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peishan Ning
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Peng
- School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Cattaneo Della Volta MF, Vallone F, Zurlo MC. COVID-19-Related Stressors and Psychophysical Health Conditions among Italian University Students: A Post Pandemic Insight. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:752. [PMID: 38610174 PMCID: PMC11011279 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12070752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 medical emergency has ended worldwide, yet the psychological impact of these years of unprecedented changes on students' lives still needs to be deepened. METHODS This study aims to assess and compare COVID-19-related stressors (relationships and academic life; isolation; and fear of contagion) and psychophysical symptoms reported by 637 university students at three times, i.e., April 2020 (n = 197), April 2021 (n = 200), and April 2022 (n = 240). The impact of COVID-19-related stressors on psychophysical symptoms within each time was also tested. RESULTS In April 2022, perceived isolation and fear of contagion decreased from the peak registered in April 2021, but stress related to relationships and academic life remained high. An ongoing increase in psychophysical symptoms was found. More than 50% of students reported clinical levels of sleep disorders, depression, psychoticism, and interpersonal sensitivity. In April 2022, students still perceiving stress related to relationships and academic life and isolation were at risk for anxiety, somatization, and sleep disorders. Students still perceiving stress related to fear of contagion were also at risk for depression, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and psychoticism. CONCLUSION The findings emphasized the long-lasting effects of COVID-19-related stress on students' psychophysical health. Interventions must aim at supporting students in dealing with the complex post-pandemic adjustment process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federica Vallone
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (M.F.C.D.V.); (F.V.)
| | - Maria Clelia Zurlo
- Dynamic Psychology Laboratory, Department of Political Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy
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Wu W, Liu H, Liu S, Fang J, Lau MCK, Yan C. Editorial: Psychological impact of COVID-19 on individuals: through active choices and passive adaption. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1356562. [PMID: 38379628 PMCID: PMC10877047 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1356562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wanshan Wu
- School of Economics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haijing Liu
- School of Economics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- School of Economics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianchun Fang
- Yangtze River Delta Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Macro Chi Keung Lau
- Department of Economics and Finance, Hang Seng University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cheng Yan
- School of Economics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Qin H, Tang Y. Risk perceptions of COVID-19, vocational identity, and employment aspirations of Chinese aviation students: a structural equation modeling approach. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2175. [PMID: 37932723 PMCID: PMC10629010 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17144-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has wreaked havoc on the aviation and education sectors in China. This study examined the relationships between risk perceptions of the pandemic, vocational identity, and employment aspirations of Chinese aviation students. METHODS The study used a convenience sampling approach to collect data (n = 276 respondents) from August 2 to 8, 2022. An online survey was sent via WeChat and QQ to Chinese students majoring in aviation service management who were under lockdown at six Chinese schools. RESULTS In spite of the strong support for the stringent COVID policies and full awareness of infection risk and protective measures, respondents were worried about the current unstable situation and felt fear for its severity and long-lasting symptoms. The casual path from career commitment to employment aspiration was supported, but high risk perceptions of the pandemic failed to have any psychological effect on the two constructs of vocational identity and employment aspirations. CONCLUSIONS The findings not only demonstrate the power of career commitment on employment aspirations but also reveal that a relatively high self-assessment of career proficiency may not necessarily lead to a clear career aspiration, possibly due to poor risk communication and insufficient career planning guidance. Thus, Chinese aviation students should improve their career proficiency and commitment, broaden their career options and adaptability, and have a clear career plan, in order to be well prepared for the fierce job market that will face the next wave of the ongoing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyao Qin
- School of Broadcasting and Hosting, Sichuan Film and Television University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yong Tang
- College of Tourism and Urban-rural Planning, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.
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Ellett L, Schlier B, Kingston JL, Zhu C, So SHW, Lincoln TM, Morris EMJ, Gaudiano BA. Pandemic paranoia in the general population: international prevalence and sociodemographic profile. Psychol Med 2023; 53:5748-5755. [PMID: 36065655 PMCID: PMC9530376 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722002975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The term 'pandemic paranoia' has been coined to refer to heightened levels of mistrust and suspicion towards other people specifically due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we examine the international prevalence of pandemic paranoia in the general population and its associated sociodemographic profile. METHODS A representative international sample of general population adults (N = 2510) from five sites (USA N = 535, Germany N = 516, UK N = 512, Australia N = 502 and Hong Kong N = 445) were recruited using stratified quota sampling (for age, sex, educational attainment) and completed the Pandemic Paranoia Scale (PPS). RESULTS The overall prevalence rate of pandemic paranoia was 19%, and was highest in Australia and lowest in Germany. On the subscales of the PPS, prevalence was 11% for persecutory threat, 29% for paranoid conspiracy and 37% for interpersonal mistrust. Site and general paranoia significantly predicted pandemic paranoia. Sociodemographic variables (lower age, higher population size and income, being male, employed and no migrant status) explained additional variance and significantly improved prediction of pandemic paranoia. CONCLUSIONS Pandemic paranoia was relatively common in a representative sample of the general population across five international sites. Sociodemographic variables explained a small but significant amount of the variance in pandemic paranoia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyn Ellett
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Björn Schlier
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Suzanne Ho-wai So
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Tania M. Lincoln
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eric M. J. Morris
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brandon A. Gaudiano
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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6
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Robert Selvam D, Xavier S, Kasinathan P, Ahmad Wadaan M, Farooq Khan M, Santha Kumar David M. Causes of higher levels of stress among students in higher education who used eLearning platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY. SCIENCE 2023; 35:102653. [PMID: 36987441 PMCID: PMC10032052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2023.102653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Background This work aims to study the levels of stress among students using e-learning platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic in higher education institutions. The major factors of higher-level stress among the student community focused on this study are: Changes in academic environment, family, social, personal, health and cognitive. Objective the objective of this research the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) procedure was used to explore the relationship and its impact on various levels of stress. Results Data were collected by using a total of 1,000 email IDs of students that were made available by teachers from 12 Indian higher education institutions where they were enrolled and by using a random number method. With this procedure, a total of 800 email IDs were selected. The results drawn from this research are that students experienced more stress due to sudden changes in the academic environment, family, and personal factors. The stress levels of cognitive and social were found to be equally distributed among higher education students, but less than academic environment, family and personal. This research intends to fill the gap of short-term individual psychological changes that occur after the outbreak. Conclusion Policy-makers can take note of the current study's observations in continuing their fight against COVID-19 pandemic by improving the stability for student risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Robert Selvam
- Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Loyola Health centre, Loyola College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Xavier
- Department of Statistics, Loyola College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Padmanathan Kasinathan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Agni College of Technology, Chennai 600130, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammad Ahmad Wadaan
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box:2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Farooq Khan
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box:2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Kingston JL, Schlier B, Ellett L, So SH, Gaudiano BA, Morris EMJ, Lincoln TM. The Pandemic Paranoia Scale (PPS): factor structure and measurement invariance across languages. Psychol Med 2023; 53:2652-2661. [PMID: 34879896 PMCID: PMC8712962 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721004633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created an interpersonally threatening context within which other people have become a source of possible threat. This study reports on the development and validation of a self-report measure of pandemic paranoia; that is, heightened levels of suspicion and mistrust towards others due to the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS An international consortium developed an initial set of 28 items for the Pandemic Paranoia Scale (PPS), which were completed by participants from the UK (n = 512), USA (n = 535), Germany (n = 516), Hong Kong (n = 454) and Australia (n = 502) using stratified quota sampling (for age, sex and educational attainment) through Qualtrics and translated for Germany and Hong Kong. RESULTS Exploratory factor analysis in the UK sample suggested a 25-item, three-factor solution (persecutory threat; paranoid conspiracy and interpersonal mistrust). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the remaining combined sample showed sufficient model fit in this independent set of data. Measurement invariance analyses suggested configural and metric invariance, but no scalar invariance across cultures/languages. A second-order factor CFA on the whole sample indicated that the three factors showed large loadings on a common second-order pandemic paranoia factor. Analyses also supported the test-retest reliability and internal and convergent validity. CONCLUSION The PPS offers an internationally validated and reliable method for assessing paranoia in the context of a pandemic. The PPS has the potential to enhance our understanding of the impact of the pandemic, the nature of paranoia and to assist in identifying and supporting people affected by pandemic-specific paranoia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - B. Schlier
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - L. Ellett
- Royal Holloway, University of London, London, UK
| | - S. H. So
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - B. A. Gaudiano
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - E. M. J. Morris
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - T. M. Lincoln
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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8
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Evli M, Şimşek N, Işıkgöz M, Öztürk Hİ. Internet addiction, insomnia, and violence tendency in adolescents. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:351-361. [PMID: 35470724 DOI: 10.1177/00207640221090964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is limited information on how the tendency to violence in adolescents is affected by internet addiction and insomnia. This study will contribute to the literature in revealing the effect of internet addiction on insomnia and violence tendency in adolescents. METHODS The data were collected between 26/May/2021 and 06/July/2021. A total of 2,502 adolescents studying in 9th and 12th grades were included in the study. Data were collected with the adolescent information form, Internet Addiction Scale-Short Form, Bergen Insomnia Scale, and Violence Tendency Scale. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, correlation, and simple linear regression analyzes were used in the analysis of data. RESULTS Participants were 15.92 ± 1.19 years old and 70.80% were women. While internet addiction do not change according to gender, and violence tendency mean scores do not change according to having a device to use the internet, the study variable mean score changes according to all the other socio-demographic variables included in our study. There is a positive relationship between internet addiction, violence tendency, and insomnia. Furthermore, while internet addiction explained 22.1% of insomnia scores, 18.8% of the variance changes in the violence tendency scores, insomnia explained 11.8% of violence tendency scores. CONCLUSION Although the scale scores of the adolescents in our study were below the average, internet addiction is common problem necessitates working on the subject. In our study, there is a significant relationship between internet addiction, insomnia and tendency to violence, and internet addiction predicts other variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Evli
- Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nuray Şimşek
- Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Işıkgöz
- Department of Guidance and Psychological Counseling Services, Expert Psychological Counselor, Kocasinan Guidance and Research Center, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Halil İbrahim Öztürk
- Department of Guidance and Psychological Counseling Services, Expert Psychological Counselor, Kocasinan Guidance and Research Center, Kayseri, Turkey
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Wang Y, Wu S, He L, Li L, Wang Z. Social work research ethics in China: A scoping review of research involving human subjects during COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL WORK 2023; 66:233-253. [PMID: 36650895 PMCID: PMC9837027 DOI: 10.1177/00208728221108004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As the first review to systematically explore the scope and application of Chinese social work research ethics, this study incorporated web-crawling technology in the scoping review process and identified 18 eligible studies from 1168 publications from January 2020 to July 2021. Findings suggest that social work scholars are aware of research ethics when conducting human subjects research in the Chinese population. Yet, many failed to fully demonstrate practical considerations of internationally accepted ethical principles (e.g. respect for persons). We discuss education on research ethics, new challenges of the digital age, and considerations of Chinese culture in developing ethical protocols for social work research in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wang
- Yixuan Wang, Department of Social Work,
China Youth University of Political Studies, Beijing 100089, China.
| | | | - Longtao He
- Southwestern University of Finance and
Economics, China
| | - Linjing Li
- China Youth University of Political Studies,
China
| | - Zijiao Wang
- China Youth University of Political Studies,
China
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10
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Cunza-Aranzábal DF, Morales-García WC, Saintila J, Huancahuire-Vega S, Ruiz Mamani PG. Psychometric Analysis of the Quarantine Coping Strategies Scale (Q-COPE) in the Spanish Language. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14847. [PMID: 36429563 PMCID: PMC9690774 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of facing an epidemic or pandemic resulting in mandatory isolation or quarantine has become a relevant construct for comparing and evaluating coping strategies under such conditions. The objective of this research was to develop and analyze the psychometric properties of a scale to assess quarantine coping strategies (Q-COPE). This was an instrumental study and 1110 Peruvian adults (M = 26.9 years; SD = 9.77) participated in the context of social isolation. For the construction of the scale, qualitative and quantitative procedures were followed. The internal structure was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The content analysis by expert judges supports the representativeness of the items related to the construct. EFA and CFA allowed the establishment of five factors: Emotional regulation, Information, Accommodation, Social support, and Altruism. The first-order model presents adequate goodness-of-fit indices: χ2 = 489.048, df = 220, χ2/df = 2.223, SRMR = 0.025, CFI = 0.969, TLI = 0.965, RMSEA = 0.047. Likewise, the second order model presented similar values: χ2 = 499.674, df = 225, χ2/df = 2.221, SRMR = 0.026, CFI = 0.969, TLI = 0.965, RMSEA = 0.047. The 23-item version was consistent with the proposed theory, obtained adequate fit indices and acceptable factor loadings (>0.70), and presented good internal consistency indexes evaluated by Cronbach's α, ordinal α, omega (ω), and H coefficient. It is concluded that the Q-COPE scale presents good psychometric properties that justify its use in an adult population and allows the assessment of the coping strategies that people use in the face of a quarantine situation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jacksaint Saintila
- Escuela de Medicina Humana, Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo 14000, Peru
| | | | - Percy G. Ruiz Mamani
- Escuela Profesional de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima 15067, Peru
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11
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Albikawi ZF. Predictors of Anxiety, Depression, and Stress among Female University Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111887. [PMID: 36579619 PMCID: PMC9693451 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Students at universities increasingly struggle with mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and stress. The present prevalence of these diseases may arise in the event of a crisis such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Aim: To estimate the level of anxiety, depression, and stress in female university nursing students, and to identify predictors for students' anxiety, depression, and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An online cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using a convenient sample of 115 female university nursing students. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire was used to assess symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify predictors of anxiety, depression, and stress. Results: Stress, anxiety, and depression had prevalence rates of 23.7%, 18.5%, and 34.6%, respectively. Significant anxiety predictors included family support, family salary, being diagnosed with chronic illness, and being exposed to patients with COVID-19. Significant correlations were found between family support, family salary, family history of mental illness, and fear of being infected with COVID-19 and depression in female university nursing students. Students' levels of stress were predicted by family support. Conclusion: The level of anxiety, depression, and stress among female university nursing students was determined to be moderate. It is advised that university nursing students receive interventions that support their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Fatehi Albikawi
- King Khalid University, Nursing College, Community and Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing Department, Khamis Mushait 39746, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Vallone F, Cattaneo Della Volta MF, Mayor Silva LI, Monroy AM, Galletta M, Curcio F, Zurlo MC. The COVID-19 Student Stress Questionnaire: Validation in Spanish
university students from health sciences. Health Psychol Open 2022; 9:20551029221135293. [PMCID: PMC9647230 DOI: 10.1177/20551029221135293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to validate the Spanish version of the COVID-19 Student Stress
Questionnaire (CSSQ), a 7-item tool assessing COVID-19-related stressors among
university students, namely, Relationships and Academic Life, Isolation, and
Fear of Contagion. Participants were 331 Spanish university students. Factor
analyses sustained the three factor solution of the original tool. Data also
revealed satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity, suitable internal
consistency, and significant associations with psychological symptoms, as
measured by the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. The Spanish version of the CSSQ
represents a valid tool to be used in clinical settings to timely identify
students at high psychological risk and to develop evidence-based interventions
during/after the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Vallone
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico
II, Italy,Dynamic Psychology Laboratory,
Department of Political Sciences, University of Naples Federico
II, Italy,Federica Vallone, Department of Humanities,
University of Naples Federico II, Via Porta di Massa 1, Naples 80133, Italy.
| | - Maria Francesca Cattaneo Della Volta
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico
II, Italy,Dynamic Psychology Laboratory,
Department of Political Sciences, University of Naples Federico
II, Italy
| | | | | | - Maura Galletta
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Felice Curcio
- Department of Medical, Surgical and
Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Clelia Zurlo
- Dynamic Psychology Laboratory,
Department of Political Sciences, University of Naples Federico
II, Italy
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13
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University Students' Risk Perception, Protective Measures, and General Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2022; 17:e267. [PMID: 35993486 PMCID: PMC9530369 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2022.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate university students' risk perception, protective measures, and general health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Turkey. METHODS The research sample consisted of 1920 university students. The data were collected through an online questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 56.6% of the students considered their risk of being infected with the COVID-19. The number of measures taken by students was lower than expected. Students' increased anxiety perceived individual risk level, insufficient social support perceptions, and their perceptions of the current pandemic more serious than previous epidemics affect the number of measures they take. Students had sleep and study problems, and suicidal thoughts in the social isolation period. Sex, studying in medicine, anxiety related to COVID-19, feeling unconfident in coping with the pandemic, social support, were determined to be risk factors regarding general health, sleep and study problems, and suicidal thoughts. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study showed that the measures taken by university students were insufficient and the precautions were affected by many factors. It was determined that their health was adversely affected by the pandemic. University administrations and decision-makers should consider the risk factors to improve the students' experiences in such pandemics and emergencies.
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Jin Q, Ma W, Zhang Y, Wang H, Hao J, Geng Y, Zhong B, Li J, Hou W, Lu S. Risk Factors Associated With Increased Anxiety Sensitivity in Children and Adolescents in Northwest China During COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown. Front Psychol 2022; 13:933207. [PMID: 35874358 PMCID: PMC9305390 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.933207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose A large body of evidence has revealed that the sudden outbreak of public health emergencies induces dramatic effects on the mental health of the general public. We aimed to investigate the level of anxiety sensitivity and its risk factors in children and adolescents from northwest China during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in early 2020. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted through the Wenjuanxing platform using a convenience sampling method between 18 and 26 February 2020. The self-designed questionnaire contained sociodemographic characteristics, factors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index (CASI) scale. The data from 1,091 valid questionnaires from students aged 9–17 years were analyzed using ANOVA, multiple linear regression, and binary logistic regression. Results The average CASI scores were 11.47 ± 6.631, and 642 students (58.9%) had prominent anxiety sensitivity. Gender, education level, family members participating in anti-COVID-19 work, getting ill and needing medical help during the lockdown, feeling afraid or having heart palpitations on hearing things associated with COVID-19, believing that COVID-19 would have adverse impacts on themselves or their family in the future, and fear of infection were identified as significant factors for elevated levels of anxiety sensitivity (p < 0.05). We established a multiple linear regression model for the anxiety sensitivity score. Risk factors found for anxiety sensitivity in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 lockdown included studying in secondary or high school, becoming ill during the pandemic, feeling afraid or experiencing rapid heartbeat or palpitations on hearing about the COVID-19 pandemic, thinking that COVID-19 would have an adverse impact on themselves or their family in the future, and fear of infection. Conclusions During the COVID-19 pandemic and home quarantine, scores measuring the prevalence of anxiety sensitivity in children and adolescents from northwest China were elevated. We should develop measures that especially target possible risk factors to intervene against and prevent anxiety sensitivity in children and adolescents in both the current and future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyan Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenxian Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juanjuan Hao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Geng
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Hou
| | - Shemin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
- Shemin Lu
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15
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Antwi CO, Belle MA, Ntim SY, Wu Y, Affum-Osei E, Aboagye MO, Ren J. COVID-19 Pandemic and International Students’ Mental Health in China: Age, Gender, Chronic Health Condition and Having Infected Relative as Risk Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137916. [PMID: 35805589 PMCID: PMC9265787 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
International students in China were among the first group of individuals to be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the pandemic’s impact on their mental health is underexplored. This study—utilizing web-based survey data (N = 381), presents preliminary reports using ANOVA and MIMIC analytic approaches. Following the clinical demarcation of the 21-item version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21), we found 24.6%, 38.3%, and 43.6% of the students to suffer mild to extreme stress, anxiety, and depression, respectively. Female students reported significantly higher levels of stress and depression than males. Older students’ reports of stress were more substantial than younger students. Students who reported having a relative infected with the virus (vs. those without) experienced significantly higher anxiety and stress. Those who reported having pre-existing chronic health condition(s) (vs. those without) also reported significantly higher stress, anxiety, and depression levels. Moreover, students with an exercise routine (vs. those without) experienced significantly lower levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. Last, our MIMIC model results indicate that foreign students’ age, gender, chronic health status, and having a relative infected with the virus constitute significant risk factors explaining variations in foreign students’ experience of psychological distress. Implications for international students’ management have been thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collins Opoku Antwi
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321000, China; (C.O.A.); (M.A.B.); (Y.W.)
| | - Michelle Allyshia Belle
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321000, China; (C.O.A.); (M.A.B.); (Y.W.)
| | - Seth Yeboah Ntim
- International Institute for Child Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 310012, China;
| | - Yuanchun Wu
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321000, China; (C.O.A.); (M.A.B.); (Y.W.)
| | - Emmanuel Affum-Osei
- KNUST School of Business, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Kumasi AK-039, Ghana;
| | - Michael Osei Aboagye
- Department of Interdisciplinary Studies (DIS), Akenten Appiah-Minka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Kumasi AK-039, Ghana;
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321000, China; (C.O.A.); (M.A.B.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Jia Q, Qu Y, Sun H, Huo H, Yin H, You D. Mental Health Among Medical Students During COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol 2022; 13:846789. [PMID: 35619776 PMCID: PMC9127415 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.846789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mental health of medical students is an issue worthy of attention, especially during COVID-19. Many studies have shown that depression and anxiety are the main problems faced by medical students. To assess the pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety among medical students worldwide, we conducted this meta-analysis. Methods According to PRISMA, we used a computerized strategy to search studies in EMBASE, PubMed, PsycArticles, Web of Science, and China Biology Medicine disc. The pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety was calculated by a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was explored by subgroup analysis. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also carried out in this meta-analysis. Results Of 1316 studies, 41 studies were selected based on 36608 medical students. The pooled depression prevalence was 37.9% (95% CI: 30.7-45.4%), and pooled anxiety prevalence was 33.7% (95% CI: 26.8-41.1%). The prevalence of depression and anxiety among medical students varied by gender, country, and continent. Conclusion The data reported that the prevalence of depression and anxiety among medical students during COVID-19 was relatively higher than those of the general population and the healthcare workers. The impact of COVID-19 on medical students and how to protect the mental health of medical students are needed to determine through further research. Systematic Review Registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021274015], identifier [CRD42021274015].
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwen Jia
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Editorial Department of Nursing Practice and Research, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huiyuan Sun
- Department of Scientific Research, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huisheng Huo
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hongxia Yin
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dianping You
- Party and Government Integrated Office, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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17
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Jiang Z, Jia X, Tao R, Dördüncü H. COVID-19: A Source of Stress and Depression Among University Students and Poor Academic Performance. Front Public Health 2022; 10:898556. [PMID: 35592075 PMCID: PMC9112039 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.898556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Current research examines how COVID-19 has impacted the daily life of students, specifically personal and academic aspects. The authors investigated the role of academic and family stress caused by COVID-19 on students' depression levels and the subsequent impact on their academic performance based on Lazarus' cognitive appraisal theory of stress. The non-probability convenience sampling technique has been used to collect data from undergraduate and postgraduate students using a modified questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale. This study used structural equation modeling to examine the link between stress, depression, and academic performance during COVID-19. It was confirmed that educational and family stress significantly leads to depression among students, negatively affecting their academic performance and learning outcomes. This research provides valuable information to parents, educators, and other stakeholders concerned about their children's education and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuopeng Jiang
- International Business School, Qingdao Huanghai University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuhong Jia
- International Business School, Qingdao Huanghai University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - Hazar Dördüncü
- Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, Department of International Trade and Logistics, Nisantasi University, Istanbul, Turkey
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18
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Htay MNN, Parial LL, Tolabing MC, Dadaczynski K, Okan O, Leung AYM, Su TT. Digital health literacy, online information-seeking behaviour, and satisfaction of Covid-19 information among the university students of East and South-East Asia. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266276. [PMID: 35417478 PMCID: PMC9007389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a growing interest in online information about coronavirus worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the digital health literacy (DHL) level, information-seeking behaviour, and satisfaction of information on COVID-19 among East and South-East Asia university students. This cross-sectional web-based study was conducted between April to June 2020 by recruiting students from universities in China, Malaysia, and the Philippines. University students who have Internet access were invited to participate in the study. Items on sociodemographic variables, DHL, information-seeking behaviour, and information satisfaction were included in the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were conducted. A total of 5302 university students responded to the survey. The overall mean score across the four DHL subscales was 2.89 (SD: 0.42). Search engines (e.g., Google, Bing, Yahoo) (92.0%) and social media (88.4%) were highly utilized by the students, whereas Websites of doctors or health insurance companies were of lower utilization (64.7%). Across the domains (i.e., adding self-generated content, determining relevance, evaluating reliability, and protecting privacy) higher DHL was positively associated with higher usage of trustworthy resources. Providing online information on COVID-19 at official university websites and conducting health talks or web-based information dissemination about the strategies for mental health challenges during pandemic could be beneficial to the students. Strengthening DHL among university students will enhance their critical thinking and evaluation of online resources, which could direct them to the quality and trustworthy information sources on COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila Nu Nu Htay
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia, Bukit Baru, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Laurence Lloyd Parial
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- College of Nursing, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Ma. Carmen Tolabing
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - Kevin Dadaczynski
- Center for Applied Health Science, Leuphana University Lueneburg, Lueneburg, Germany
- Department of Health Science, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany
| | - Orkan Okan
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University Munich, München, Germany
| | | | - Tin Tin Su
- South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO) & Global Public Health, Jeffery Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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19
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Cipolletta S, Andreghetti GR, Mioni G. Risk Perception towards COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Synthesis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:4649. [PMID: 35457521 PMCID: PMC9028425 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have attempted to identify how people's risk perceptions differ in regard to containing COVID-19 infections. The aim of the present review was to illustrate how risk awareness towards COVID-19 predicts people's preventive behaviors and to understand which features are associated with it. For the review, 77 articles found in six different databases (ProQuest, PsycInfo, PubMed, Science Direct, SCOPUS, and Web of Science) were considered, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was followed, and data synthesis was conducted using a mixed-methods approach. The results indicate that a high-risk perception towards COVID-19 predicts, in general, compliance with preventive behaviors and social distancing measures. Additionally, risk awareness was found to be associated with four other key themes: demographic factors, individual factors, geographical factors, and timing. Therefore, gaining a greater understanding of individual and cultural differences as well as how people behave could be the basis of an effective strategy for raising public risk awareness and for countering COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Cipolletta
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, 35122 Padova, Italy; (G.R.A.); (G.M.)
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20
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Berman NC, Fang A, Hoeppner SS, Reese H, Siev J, Timpano KR, Wheaton MG. COVID-19 and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in a large multi-site college sample. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord 2022; 33:100727. [PMID: 35529829 PMCID: PMC9059345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2022.100727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic poses unique risks to college students' mental health, and specifically to symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). To better understand the relationship between COVID-19 impact and OC symptoms in this population, six colleges from across the US administered a battery of questionnaires and an emotion differentiation paradigm to eligible students (N = 841). We examined whether degree of pandemic-related disruption was associated with OC severity, and if so, whether this relationship was explained by trait (poor emotion regulation and differentiation) and state risk factors (poor sleep quality, less exercise frequency, less social support, thwarted sense of belongingness, and greater loneliness). Results indicated that the positive relationship between COVID-19 impact and OC severity was mediated by trait emotion-related processes (e.g., emotion regulation and differentiation), but no state risk factors emerged as significant mediators. Our findings contribute to the literature demonstrating a significant relationship between COVID-19 impact and OC severity, and highlight that emotion regulation difficulties may help explain this association. Our findings can inform evidence-based interventions on college campuses; however, the cross-sectional design precludes causal inferences. Future research should evaluate these relationships longitudinally and incorporate other psychosocial factors that may operate as mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angela Fang
- University of Washington, Department of Psychology, USA
| | - Susanne S Hoeppner
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, OCD and Related Disorders, USA
| | | | | | | | - Michael G Wheaton
- Barnard College of Columbia University, Department of Psychology, USA
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21
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Mei S, Meng C, Hu Y, Guo X, Lv J, Qin Z, Liang L, Li C, Fei J, Cao R, Hu Y. Relationships Between Depressive Symptoms, Interpersonal Sensitivity and Social Support of Employees Before and During the COVID-19 Epidemic: A Cross-lag Study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:742381. [PMID: 35345636 PMCID: PMC8957086 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.742381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the correlation between depressive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, and social support before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and verified causal relationships among them. The study used Social Support Scale and Symptom Self-Rating Scale to investigate relevant variables. A total of 1,414 employees from company were recruited for this longitudinal study, which a follow up study was conducted on the same group of participants 1 year later. Paired sample t-test results showed that significant differences were only found in social support, not in depressive symptoms or interpersonal sensitivity. The results of correlation analysis showed that social support, depressive symptoms, and interpersonal sensitivity were significantly correlated between wave 1 and wave 2. The cross-lag autoregressive pathway showed that employees’ social support level, depressive symptoms, and interpersonal sensitivity all showed moderate stability. Crossing paths showed that wave 1 social support could significantly predict wave 2 depressive symptoms (β = −0.21, p < 0.001) and wave 2 interpersonal sensitivity (β = −0.21, p < 0.001). Wave 1 depressive symptoms (β = −0.10, p < 0.01) could significantly predict wave 2 social support, while wave 1 interpersonal sensitivity (β = 0.07, p = 0.10) could not predict wave 2 social support. Social support can be considered as a protective factor against mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songli Mei
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Cuicui Meng
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yueyang Hu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinmeng Guo
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianping Lv
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zeying Qin
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Leilei Liang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chuanen Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junsong Fei
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruilin Cao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanchao Hu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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22
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Brasso C, Bellino S, Blua C, Bozzatello P, Rocca P. The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Youth Mental Health: A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040772. [PMID: 35453522 PMCID: PMC9031156 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 pandemic has affected the physical health, psychological wellbeing, and mental health of the whole population. Young people are among those most at risk of developing mental health symptoms or disorders related to the pandemic. Purpose: the present narrative review is aimed at providing an updated overview of the current literature concerning the psychological impact of the SARS-CoV-2 infection but also of the COVID-19 outbreak, environmental restriction, and social distancing on mental health outcomes among the youth population aged between 15 and 25 years. Methods: in December 2021, an electronic search on this topic was performed on PubMed. Relevant publications from January 2020 until December 2021 were included. Findings: 53 cross-sectional studies, 26 longitudinal studies, 4 ecological studies, 1 qualitative study, and 1 systematic review were included. We found many methodological limitations in the studies included, especially poor choice of study samples and short follow-ups. Little literature was in support of a strong relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and consequences on youth mental health. On the contrary, many studies showed how extraordinary measures to limit the spread of the virus have impacted young people in terms of onset of new mental disorders and symptoms, suicidality, and access to emergency psychiatric services. Depressive and anxiety symptoms and disorders show the greatest increase in incidence, especially in girls and young women. Conclusions: it seems important to pay attention to the mental health of young people in relation to the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, studies with more robust methodologies and longer follow-ups are needed to establish precise indications for targeted interventions in this context.
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23
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Zurlo MC, Cattaneo Della Volta MF, Vallone F. Psychological Health Conditions and COVID-19-Related Stressors Among University Students: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Survey. Front Psychol 2022; 12:741332. [PMID: 35069321 PMCID: PMC8766709 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.741332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has broadly impacted university students' customary life, resulting in remarkable levels of stress and psychological suffering. Although the acute phase of the crisis has been overcome, it does not imply that perceived stress related to the risk of contagion and to the changes in the relational life experienced over more than 1 year of the pandemic will promptly and abruptly decrease. This study aims at comparing university students' psychological health conditions before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, but also at providing information on how psychological health conditions evolved over the 1 year of the pandemic. We analyzed data from a repeated cross-sectional survey on different samples of university students before the pandemic in 2017 (n = 545) and during the pandemic (n = 671). During the pandemic, data were collected at three stages (Stage 1, April 2020 n = 197; Stage 2, November 2020 n = 274; and Stage 3, April 2021 n = 200). The COVID-19 Student Stress Questionnaire (CSSQ) and the Symptom-Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) were used to assess, respectively, COVID-19-related stressors (Relationships and Academic Life, Isolation, and Fear of Contagion) and the presence of psychological symptoms. Psychological health conditions were compared at baseline and during the pandemic, whereas both psychological health conditions and perceived levels of COVID-19-related stressors were compared over the three pandemic stages. In addition, Logistic Regression was used to explore the associations between COVID-19-related stressors and psychological symptoms. Findings revealed a significant increase in symptoms of Depression (DEP), Phobic-Anxiety (PHOB), Obsessive-Compulsive (O-C), and Psychoticism (PSY) from pre to during the pandemic. Perceived levels of COVID-19-related stress and specific psychological symptoms significantly increased as the pandemic was progressing. COVID-19-related stressors emerged as significantly associated with several psychopathological symptoms. Findings are discussed with the aim of providing tailored interventions to prevent mental disease and promote psychological adjustment in this specific stage of transition within this exceptional global emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Clelia Zurlo
- Dynamic Psychology Laboratory, Department of Political Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Cattaneo Della Volta
- Dynamic Psychology Laboratory, Department of Political Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Vallone
- Dynamic Psychology Laboratory, Department of Political Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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24
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Maciaszek J, Lenart-Bugla M, Szcześniak D, Gawłowski P, Borowicz W, Misiak B, Rymaszewska J. Does Mental Health Affect the Decision to Vaccinate Against SARS-CoV-2? A Cross-Sectional Nationwide Study Before the Vaccine Campaign. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:810529. [PMID: 35185653 PMCID: PMC8854753 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.810529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic generated a sense of threat in the society, leading to social isolation and mental health deterioration. A great deal of hope for the development of herd immunity was placed in preventive vaccinations. The survey, performed before vaccine campaign between September 26-October 27, 2020, during the second wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Poland with the Computer Assisted Web Interviews method. The study was partly community based and partly open to the public. Participants were invited to complete the survey using Google forms via social media (Facebook, WhatsApp). The survey was also distributed 54 times at the request of interested persons via e-mail. Total 1,043 questionnaires were assessed for eligibility and 41 were excluded (13 because of the age under 18, and 28 due to refusal to participate: non-response after sending questionnaire via e-mail). Finally 1,001 questionnaires were included to the study and statistical analysis was performed on the basis of the 1,001 responses. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: a sociodemographic survey, a questionnaire assessing the knowledge of the SARS-CoV-2 and the General Health Questionnaire-28. Participants also determined their attitude toward being vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. The questionnaire was completed by a total of 1,001 participants: 243 people declared that they will not get vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. Majority of people declaring the willingness to vaccinate were representatives of medical professions, suffering from chronic diseases, with higher values on the total GHQ-28 scale and the subscales: anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction and somatic dysfunction. Loss of income, difficult access to health care, recognizing the restrictions as excessive and knowledge about COVID-19 were found as significant positive determinants of the reluctance to vaccinate. Greater readiness to vaccinate can be associated with greater certainty about its effectiveness and a hypothetical collectivist attitude. Experiencing anxiety and psychopathological symptoms are risk factors for infection, but can also be conducive to reliance on information about vaccination presented in the media. Reluctance to vaccinate may result from greater awareness of the complexity of the disease, and thus less faith in the effectiveness of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Maciaszek
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Dorota Szcześniak
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Gawłowski
- Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Borowicz
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Błażej Misiak
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Linde ES, Varga TV, Clotworthy A. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic-A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:806872. [PMID: 35401266 PMCID: PMC8989845 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.806872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated restrictions may contribute to a deterioration in mental health; individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may be particularly affected. This systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of the current pandemic on people diagnosed with OCD, and whether pandemics may affect the development of OCD symptoms. METHODS We conducted a systematic search using NCBI PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar on February 9, 2021. Research articles related to OCD and COVID-19 or other pandemics were attempted to be identified using pre-defined search terms. Case reports, clinical guidelines, letters, and clinical research articles including ≥100 participants were included; reviews were excluded. The systematic review adheres to PRISMA guidelines and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of the included clinical research articles. RESULTS A total of 79 articles were included in the full-text assessment. Of these, 59 were clinical research articles, two were clinical guidelines, six were case reports, and 12 were letters. The research articles examined OCD symptoms in adult patients with diagnosed OCD, the general population, pregnant women, healthcare workers, students, and young adults, children, and adolescents. Only one study on OCD in previous pandemics was identified. CONCLUSION This systematic review found that people both with and without diagnosed OCD prior to the pandemic generally experienced a worsened landscape of symptoms of OCD during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the responses are heterogeneous and many factors other than the pandemic seemed to affect the development of OCD symptoms. To prevent the impairment of symptoms and the development of new cases, close monitoring of patients with OCD and education of the general public is essential. Literature is still limited; thus, multinational and cross-cultural, longitudinal studies are warranted to gain further insights on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth S Linde
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amy Clotworthy
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Twardowska-Staszek E, Rostek I, Biel K, Seredyńska A. Predictors of Positive and Negative Emotions Experienced by Poles during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:11993. [PMID: 34831748 PMCID: PMC8620442 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the research was to specify the predictors of positive and negative emotions experienced by Poles during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The researchers used the following standardized measurement tools: emotions (PANAS), mood (UMACL), satisfaction with life (SWLS), optimism (LOT-R), and coping with stress (CISS). They also used a questionnaire to collect sociodemographic information and data concerning COVID-19 infections. In total, 595 participants (80.50% women) aged 18-75 participated in the research. It was concluded that the predictors of positive emotions included a task-oriented coping style, level of satisfaction with life, being a man, hedonic tone in the description of mood, and being an employed student. The negative predictors of positive emotions included emotion-oriented coping and the level of energetic arousal in the description of mood. The predictors of negative emotions were tense arousal in the description of mood, emotion-oriented coping, being over 60 years of age, and changes in respondents' standard of living. The negative predictors of negative emotions included living in a medium-sized town or in a village. The research conclusions encourage us to pay special attention to possible at-risk groups threatened with mental health disorders and to factors that protect people against negative psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estera Twardowska-Staszek
- Institute of Educational Sciences, Jesuit University Ignatianum in Krakow, 31-501 Cracow, Poland; (I.R.); (K.B.); (A.S.)
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Lorenzo-Lledó A, Lledó A, Gilabert-Cerdá A, Lorenzo G. The Pedagogical Model of Hybrid Teaching: Difficulties of University Students in the Context of COVID-19. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2021; 11:1320-1332. [PMID: 34707075 PMCID: PMC8552075 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe11040096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The global pandemic caused by COVID-19 has led to changes in many areas, with educational scenarios being affected. In this sense, university education has undergone significant changes owing to the impossibility of following the fully face-to-face mode of teaching. Given this situation, the general objective of this study is to analyze the university educational scenario in the context of COVID-19 and, more specifically, to identify the difficulties perceived by students. Using a mixed quantitative-qualitative methodological approach, an ad hoc questionnaire was designed, and data were collected from a sample of 238 students of the Bachelor's Degree in Teaching during the 2020/2021 academic year. The results obtained have shown that students have experienced numerous difficulties in adapting to the hybrid teaching model. In this sense, it is worth highlighting the decrease in motivation, the feeling of loneliness, technical connection problems, and less interaction with the teaching staff and other students. The degree of satisfaction with the teaching received is also moderate. As a conclusion, it can be stated that the difficulties identified recommend the introduction of actions to improve the application of the teaching model implemented in favor of university excellence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Lorenzo-Lledó
- Department of Development Psychology and Teaching, Faculty of Education, University of Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain; (A.L.); (A.G.-C.); (G.L.)
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28
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Guzick AG, Candelari A, Wiese AD, Schneider SC, Goodman WK, Storch EA. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Systematic Review. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2021; 23:71. [PMID: 34613498 PMCID: PMC8493778 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-021-01284-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This systematic review evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on obsessive-compulsive symptoms. RECENT FINDINGS Most studies showed that obsessive-compulsive symptoms worsened during the early stages of the pandemic, particularly for individuals with contamination-related obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), though other symptoms dimensions were found to worsen as well. Many patients and individuals in the general population experienced new obsessive-compulsive-like symptoms centered on COVID-19. Self-reported rates of symptom exacerbation and COVID-19-focused symptoms were consistently lower in studies that recruited patients from specialty clinics (compared to online samples). Most studies were conducted in Spring/Summer, 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic has been an enormous stressor for individuals with OCD, especially for those with contamination symptoms. Regardless, there is strong reason to believe gold standard treatment approaches for OCD have maintained strong efficacy. Disseminating and effectively delivering evidence-based treatments for OCD is an urgent public health priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Guzick
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd., Suite 4-100 Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Abigail Candelari
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd., Suite 4-100 Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Andrew D Wiese
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd., Suite 4-100 Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sophie C Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd., Suite 4-100 Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wayne K Goodman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd., Suite 4-100 Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Eric A Storch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd., Suite 4-100 Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Alyoubi A, Halstead EJ, Zambelli Z, Dimitriou D. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Students' Mental Health and Sleep in Saudi Arabia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179344. [PMID: 34501935 PMCID: PMC8430501 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: Mental health problems are prevalent among university students in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on university students’ mental health and sleep in Saudi Arabia. Method: A total of 582 undergraduate students from Saudi Arabia aged between 18 and 45 years old (M = 20.91, SD = 3.17) completed a cross-sectional online questionnaire measuring depression, anxiety, stress, resilience, and insomnia during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020). Analysis included an independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Hierarchical regression analysis. Results: Undergraduate students reported high levels of depression, anxiety, and perceived stress and low levels of resilience (p < 0.001) during the pandemic. In addition, students reported experiencing insomnia. A hierarchical regression analysis indicated that lower resilience, high levels of insomnia, having a pre-existing mental health condition, and learning difficulties (such as dyslexia, dyspraxia, or dyscalculia) were significantly associated with high levels of depression and stress. In addition, lower resilience, a high level of insomnia, and pre-existing mental health conditions were significantly associated with high levels of anxiety. Finally, a lower level of psychological resilience and a high level of insomnia were significantly associated with increased levels of depression, anxiety and stress within university students. Conclusion: This study has provided evidence that a lower level of psychological resilience and insomnia were associated with mental health problems among undergraduate students in Saudi Arabia, thus enhancing psychological resilience and interventions to support sleep and mental health are vital to support student well-being outcomes throughout the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizah Alyoubi
- Sleep Education and Research Laboratory (SERL), Department of Psychology and Human Development, University College London-Institute of Education, 25 Woburn Square, London WC1H 0AA, UK; (A.A.); (E.J.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Elizabeth J. Halstead
- Sleep Education and Research Laboratory (SERL), Department of Psychology and Human Development, University College London-Institute of Education, 25 Woburn Square, London WC1H 0AA, UK; (A.A.); (E.J.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zoe Zambelli
- Sleep Education and Research Laboratory (SERL), Department of Psychology and Human Development, University College London-Institute of Education, 25 Woburn Square, London WC1H 0AA, UK; (A.A.); (E.J.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Dagmara Dimitriou
- Sleep Education and Research Laboratory (SERL), Department of Psychology and Human Development, University College London-Institute of Education, 25 Woburn Square, London WC1H 0AA, UK; (A.A.); (E.J.H.); (Z.Z.)
- The National Institute for Stress, Anxiety, Depression and Behavioural Change (NISAD), 252 21 Helsingborg, Sweden
- Correspondence:
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Tang B, Guo S, Yeboah M, Wang Z, Cheng S. Quality evaluation of online courses during COVID-19 pandemic based on integrated FCE-AHP method. JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & FUZZY SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-210362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
After sudden outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, the university campuses were closed and millions of university teachers and students had to shift teaching and learning activities from the classrooms to online courses in China. The COVID-19 pandemic undoubtedly brought significant negative effects to university education activities. How does COVID-19 influenced teaching quality and the degree of influences have been studied by many researches. However, the online course quality which is influences by COVID-19 pandemic was commonly evaluated qualitatively rather than quantitatively. In order to obtain quantitative evaluation results of online course quality during the pandemic period, the integrated FCE-AHP evaluation was applied. Based on real case of online courses, the influence factors of online course quality were divided into four first-level indicators and further subdivided into 14 second level indicators. The weight vectors of evaluation indicators were determined based on experts’ comments from the Teaching Affairs Committee and the fuzzy evaluation memberships were calculated based on questionnaire results of 2021 students. The evaluation results revealed that the integral performance of online courses is acceptable and the performances of students and hardware are relative weaker. Finally, some improvement measures were conducted to deal with difficulties encountered in online courses during COVID-19 pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Building Structure and Underground Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shiwei Guo
- Anhui Ligong Real Estate Co., Ltd., Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Mathias Yeboah
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Song Cheng
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
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Di Giacomo D, Martelli A, Guerra F, Cielo F, Ranieri J. Mediator Effect of Affinity for E-Learning on Mental Health: Buffering Strategy for the Resilience of University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7098. [PMID: 34281044 PMCID: PMC8297351 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The pandemic affected the quality of life and wellness of the population, changing living habits through restriction measures. This study aimed to analyze the psychological impact of the fear of the COVID-19 pandemic and the adoption of e-learning for university students. The study was articulated in two research applications: the first application was a rapid review on the psychological effects of the pandemic on the emotional dimension of undergraduate students; the second application was an observational study on the effect of e-learning adoption in the pandemic emergency. In the first step, we performed a systematic search of MEDLINE through PubMed and the Web of Science [Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED); Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI); Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI)] of all scientific literature published from May 2020 to February 2021. The reviewed articles suggest the impact of the pandemic and lockdown measures on university students due to several mental symptoms, including anxiety, stress, depression, event-specific distress, and a decrease in psychological well-being. Psychological symptoms were related to the experience of several stressors, such as the risk for a reduction of academic perspectives, massive e-learning adoption, economic issues, social restrictions, and implications for daily life related to the COVID-19 outbreak. The second scientific application was conducted to evaluate the affinity for e-learning on a sample composed of Italian undergraduates exposed to massive e-learning adoption. The results evidence the positive influence of e-learning in academic programs for the wellbeing of undergraduates. The mediator effect of the affinity of youth for e-learning can be considered to have had a buffering effect for professional advancement and for the mental health of university students in a public health emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Di Giacomo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (F.G.); (F.C.); (J.R.)
- Postgraduate School on Clinical Psychology, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandra Martelli
- Faculty of Biosciences and Agri-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Federica Guerra
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (F.G.); (F.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Federica Cielo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (F.G.); (F.C.); (J.R.)
- Postgraduate School on Clinical Psychology, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Jessica Ranieri
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (F.G.); (F.C.); (J.R.)
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Cielo F, Ulberg R, Di Giacomo D. Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak on Mental Health Outcomes among Youth: A Rapid Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6067. [PMID: 34199896 PMCID: PMC8200066 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has affected not only physical health but also mental health and psychological wellbeing. This narrative review aimed to map the literature on the psychological impact on the young generation of the COVID-19 pandemic, social restrictions, and extraordinary measures to curb the spread of coronavirus. We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE through PubMed and Web of Science [Science Citation Index Expanded, SCI-EXPANDED), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), and Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI)] of all scientific literature published from May 2020 until 15 March 2021. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 15 articles were included. We conducted a narrative review. The reviewed articles suggested the impact of the pandemic and lockdown measures on young persons for several mental symptoms as well as anxiety, stress, depression, event-specific distress, decrease in psychological wellbeing, and changes in sleep habits. Psychological symptoms were related to the experience of several stressors, such as risk for reduction of academic perspectives, massive e-learning adoption, economic issues, social restrictions, and implications for daily life related to the COVID-19 outbreak. This narrative review points out the negative psychological impact of the pandemic outbreak and the high vulnerability of the young in the development of psychological distress, highlighting the relevant focus on the mental health of young people during the pandemic and the need for structured and tailored psychological support and interventions focused to the improvement of Quality of Life of university students after the pandemic experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cielo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
- Postgraduate School on Clinical Psychology, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Randi Ulberg
- Division of Mental Health Addiction, University of Oslo, 0319 Oslo, Norway;
- Department of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, 0319 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dina Di Giacomo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
- Postgraduate School on Clinical Psychology, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
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Li Y, Qin L, Shi Y, Han J. The Psychological Symptoms of College Student in China during the Lockdown of COVID-19 Epidemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9040447. [PMID: 33920411 PMCID: PMC8070548 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9040447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 epidemic has had a huge impact on the mental state of human beings due to its high infection and fatality rates in early 2020. In this paper, a cross-sectional online survey was designed to understand the mental state of college students in a university located in Wuhan city during the lockdown. Out of 1168 respondents, above 50% participants had obvious fear and anxiety symptoms; anxiety and fear were 61.64% and 58.39%, respectively. Conformity (49.49%), invulnerability (26.11%), insensitivity (21.49%) and rebelliousness (12.41%) symptoms also appeared. Meanwhile, it was revealed that the senior students experienced more anxiety than the freshmen. Moreover, it was found that the psychological symptoms (except for the insensitivity symptom) had no significant difference in gender, residence and annual household income after the one-way analysis of variance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jun Han
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+86-27-6886-2880
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34
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Opinion of students on online education during the
COVID
‐19 pandemic. HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/hbe2.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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