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Morsi R, Ghoudi K, Ayyash MM, Jiang X, Meetani MA. Detection of 11 carbamate pesticide residues in raw and pasteurized camel milk samples using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry: Method development, method validation, and health risk assessment. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:1916-1927. [PMID: 37923201 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to use ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer to detect 11 carbamate pesticide residues in raw and pasteurized camel milk samples collected from the United Arab Emirates. A method was developed and validated by evaluating limits of detection, limits of quantitation, linearity, extraction recovery, repeatability, intermediate precision, and matrix effect. Due to the high protein and fat content in camel milk, a sample preparation step was necessary to avoid potential interference during analysis. For this purpose, 5 different liquid-liquid extraction techniques were evaluated to determine their efficiency in extracting carbamate pesticides from camel milk. The established method demonstrated high accuracy and precision. The matrix effect for all carbamate pesticides was observed to fall within the soft range, indicating its negligible effect. Remarkably, detection limits for all carbamates were as low as 0.01 μg/kg. Additionally, the coefficients of determination were >0.998, demonstrating excellent linearity. A total of 17 camel milk samples were analyzed, and only one sample was found to be free from any carbamate residues. The remaining 16 samples contained at least one carbamate residue, yet all detected concentrations were below the recommended maximum residue limits set by Codex Alimentarius and the European Union pesticide databases. Nonetheless, it is worth noting that the detected levels of ethiofencarb in 3 samples were close to the borderline of the maximum residue limit. To assess the health risk for consumers of camel milk, the hazard index values of carbofuran, carbaryl, and propoxur were calculated. The hazard index values for these 3 carbamate pesticides were all below 1, indicating that camel milk consumers are not at risk from these residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Morsi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kilani Ghoudi
- Department of Statics, College of Business and Economics, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mutamed M Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Food and Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Xiue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Mohammed A Meetani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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2
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Bappaditya Kanrar, Ghosh P, Khan P, Sengupta S. Alternative Strategies for the Calibration and Elimination of Matrix Effects in LC-MS/MS Multiresidue Analysis of Tea Matrix. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934822020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Chen CC, Shaya J, Polychronopoulou K, Golovko VB, Tesana S, Wang SY, Lu CS. Photocatalytic Degradation of Ethiofencarb by a Visible Light-Driven SnIn 4S 8 Photocatalyst. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1325. [PMID: 34069767 PMCID: PMC8157292 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the preparation and detailed characterization of stannum indium sulfide (SnIn4S8) semiconductor photocatalyst for degradation of ethiofencarb (toxic insecticide) under visible-light irradiation. The as-prepared SnIn4S8 showed catalytic efficiency of 98% in 24 h under optimal operating conditions (pH = 3, catalyst dosage of 0.5 g L-1). The photodegradation reaction followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The major intermediates have been identified using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. •O2- and •OH radicals appeared to be the primary active species in the degradation process as revealed by scavenger and electronic spin resonance studies, while photogenerated holes had a secondary role in this process. A plausible mechanism involving two routes was proposed for ethiofencarb degradation by SnIn4S8 after identifying the major intermediate species: oxidative cleavage of the CH2-S and the amide bonds of the carbamate moiety. Lastly, SnIn4S8 was found to be efficient, stable, and reusable in treating real water samples in three successive photodegradation experiments. This study demonstrates the prospect of SnIn4S8 photocatalysis in treatment of natural and contaminated water from extremely toxic organic carbamates as ethiofencarb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiing-Chang Chen
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung 403, Taiwan;
| | - Janah Shaya
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates;
- College of Arts and Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Catalysis and Separation, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Kyriaki Polychronopoulou
- Center for Catalysis and Separation, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vladimir B. Golovko
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; (V.B.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Siriluck Tesana
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; (V.B.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Syuan-Yun Wang
- School of Medical Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Chung-Shin Lu
- Department of General Education, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung 403, Taiwan
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Development of a Multiresidue QuEChERS–DLLME—Fast GC–MS Method for Determination of Selected Pesticides in Yogurt Samples. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01809-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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5
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Wang X, Meng X, Wu Q, Wang C, Wang Z. Solid phase extraction of carbamate pesticides with porous organic polymer as adsorbent followed by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1600:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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6
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Chu Z, Zhuang M, Li S, Xiao P, Li M, Liu D, Zhou J, Chen J, Zhao J. Residue levels and health risk of pesticide residues in bell pepper in Shandong. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2019; 36:1385-1392. [PMID: 31294676 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2019.1628362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate pesticide residues in bell peppers from Shandong Province, China. A total of 299 samples were collected from 17 cities in 2016. The concentrations of 26 pesticide residues were determined by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that there were 25 pesticides (15 OPs, 7 PYs, 3 CBs) found in 86 bell pepper samples, and the total number of positives was 120. The total frequency was 28.76%. The detection frequency for OPs, PYs and CBs was 16.39%, 12.37% and 3.01%, respectively. The most frequently detected pesticide was bifenthrin, with the frequency of 5.02%. 5.35% of samples contained pesticide residues above the maximum residue limits (MRLs) set by China. 7.36% of samples contained more than one pesticide. The values of %ADI were below 100, while the %ARfD of carbofuran and methidathion exceeded 100 for children. The cumulative risk was highest for OPs. From the public health point of view, the levels of pesticide residues in bell peppers do not pose a serious health risk to adults, but the acute health risk to children should be paid more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunhua Chu
- Institute of Food and Nutrition, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China
| | - Maoqiang Zhuang
- Institute of Food and Nutrition, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China
| | - Suyun Li
- Institute of Food and Nutrition, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China
| | - Peirui Xiao
- Institute of Food and Nutrition, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Institute of Food and Nutrition, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China
| | - Danru Liu
- Institute of Food and Nutrition, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China
| | - Jingyang Zhou
- Institute of Food and Nutrition, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China
| | - Jindong Chen
- Institute of Food and Nutrition, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China
| | - Jinshan Zhao
- Institute of Food and Nutrition, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China
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7
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Molecularly imprinted graphite spray ionization-ion mobility spectrometry: application to trace analysis of the pesticide propoxur. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:396. [PMID: 31161360 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3467-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A porous graphite sheet modified by a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was directly used as the spray ionization source for ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). Therefore, it was possible to selectively analyze samples extracted by the molecularly imprinted polymer. This obviates the need for the steps of elution, solvent evaporation, dissolution and injection. To prepare the sheet, the graphite surface was first modified by electrodeposition of a molecularly imprinted polypyrrole film. This polypyrrole film was fabricated in a three-electrode electrochemical system using cyclic voltammetry. The electropolymerization of the graphite sheet was carried out with LiClO4 as a supporting electrolyte in the reaction solution. The effects of the amount of monomer, the level of template concentrations, and the time of polymerization on the extraction efficiency of the MIP film were evaluated. The extraction conditions including extraction time, the extraction temperature, the pH values, the salt concentrations, and the stirring rate were also studied. Methanol was selected as the most suitable solvent for both desorption and ionization which occur simultaneously. The pesticide propoxur (acting as a test compound) was extracted from water samples and directly analyzed using IMS. The analytical parameters (working range: 1.0 to 250 ng·mL-1; detection limit: 0.3 ng·mL-1) indicated that the direct coupling of MIP and IMS has a great potential in terms of reproducibility, and speed of the analysis, while maintaining acceptable sensitivity. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of molecularly imprinted graphite spray ionization coupled with ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) for rapid/selective extraction and ionization: Application to the pre-concentration of propoxur prior to its quantification by IMS.
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Tripathy V, Sharma KK, Yadav R, Devi S, Tayade A, Sharma K, Pandey P, Singh G, Patel AN, Gautam R, Gupta R, Kalra S, Shukla P, Walia S, Shakil NA. Development, validation of QuEChERS-based method for simultaneous determination of multiclass pesticide residue in milk, and evaluation of the matrix effect. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2019; 54:394-406. [PMID: 30755093 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2019.1574169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Extraction and quantification of pesticide residue from the milk matrix at or below the established maximum residue limit (MRL) is a challenging task for both analytical chemists and the regulatory institutions to take corrective actions for the human health and safety. The main aim of the study is to develop a simple rapid and less expensive QuEChERS extraction and cleanup method for simultaneous analysis of 41 multiclass pesticide residue in milk by gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD), followed by confirmation of the residues with gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Effect of sorbent type, temperature, spiking concentration, matrix effect (ME), measurement uncertainty (MU), inter- and intra-assay repeatability, reproducibility of recovery, and trueness of the results were investigated to validate the effectiveness of the method. Limit of determination (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) for all the analytes ranged within 0.001-0.02 and 0.002-0.05 µg mL-1, respectively. The % recovery of all the pesticides ranged between 91.38 and 117.56% with relative standard deviation (RSD) below 2.79%. The MU for all the analytes was ≤29% of respective LOQs, and except for few pesticides, the ME was largely negative. The method fulfilled all the SANTE guidelines and thus can be extended for routine analysis of multiclass pesticide residue in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Tripathy
- a Project Coordinating Cell, Pesticide Residue Laboratory, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues , ICAR (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) , New Delhi , India
| | - Krishan Kumar Sharma
- a Project Coordinating Cell, Pesticide Residue Laboratory, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues , ICAR (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) , New Delhi , India
| | - Rajbir Yadav
- a Project Coordinating Cell, Pesticide Residue Laboratory, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues , ICAR (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) , New Delhi , India
| | - Suneeta Devi
- a Project Coordinating Cell, Pesticide Residue Laboratory, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues , ICAR (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) , New Delhi , India
| | - Amol Tayade
- a Project Coordinating Cell, Pesticide Residue Laboratory, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues , ICAR (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) , New Delhi , India
| | - Khushbu Sharma
- a Project Coordinating Cell, Pesticide Residue Laboratory, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues , ICAR (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) , New Delhi , India
| | - Priya Pandey
- a Project Coordinating Cell, Pesticide Residue Laboratory, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues , ICAR (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) , New Delhi , India
| | - Gitansh Singh
- a Project Coordinating Cell, Pesticide Residue Laboratory, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues , ICAR (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) , New Delhi , India
| | - Amar Nath Patel
- a Project Coordinating Cell, Pesticide Residue Laboratory, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues , ICAR (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) , New Delhi , India
| | - Rahul Gautam
- a Project Coordinating Cell, Pesticide Residue Laboratory, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues , ICAR (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) , New Delhi , India
| | - Ruchi Gupta
- a Project Coordinating Cell, Pesticide Residue Laboratory, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues , ICAR (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) , New Delhi , India
| | - Shobhita Kalra
- a Project Coordinating Cell, Pesticide Residue Laboratory, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues , ICAR (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) , New Delhi , India
| | - Poonam Shukla
- a Project Coordinating Cell, Pesticide Residue Laboratory, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues , ICAR (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) , New Delhi , India
| | - Suresh Walia
- a Project Coordinating Cell, Pesticide Residue Laboratory, All India Network Project on Pesticide Residues , ICAR (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) , New Delhi , India
| | - Najam Akhtar Shakil
- b Division of Agricultural Chemicals , ICAR (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) , New Delhi , India
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9
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Doh HS, Ko JA, Park HJ. Preparation of Novel Iodized Salt with Natural Iodine-Rich Sources by Spray Drying. J Food Sci 2018; 83:1676-1684. [PMID: 29745980 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Marine products are rich in not only micronutrients but also iodine content. However, the applications of iodine in marine products in the food industry have not been studied extensively. Therefore, in this study, a novel iodized salt was prepared through a simple method for iodine extraction from natural iodine-rich sources and spray drying. Laminaria ochroleuca (kombu), Porphyra umbilicalis (nori), Undaria pinnatifida (wakame), and Haliotis discus hannai (abalone) were selected as natural iodine-rich sources. Through hot water extraction, iodine was extracted from the iodine-rich sources and iodized salt was successfully prepared with extracted iodine and sea salt by spray drying; extraction efficiency varied from 64.88% to 129.67%; yield, 38.45% to 57.09%; loading efficiency, 99.34% to 124.08%. Chemical interactions were assessed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermal dynamics was evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Morphology of the salt crystals was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, a storage test was performed to investigate iodine loss due to temperature, relative humidity, and oxidation for 10 weeks in harsh condition. On comparing our salt with commercial products, novel iodized salts displayed similar or superior stability. Therefore, the novel iodized salt prepared in this study can be applied in the food industry. PRACTICAL APPLICATION Iodine is essential trace element and plays a key role in our body. Marine products such as Laminaria ochroleuca (Kombu), Porphyra umbilicalis (nori), Undaria pinnatifida (wakame), and Haliotis discus hannai (abalone) are known as iodine rich-sources. These products have high level of iodine, but iodine in marine products has not been used widely for food industry. Therefore, using iodine in natural sources, novel iodized salt was prepared with simple method (hot water extraction and spray drying). The novel iodized salt prepared in this study can be applied in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Sol Doh
- Dept. of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea Univ., Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung A Ko
- Dept. of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea Univ., Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Park
- Dept. of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea Univ., Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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10
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Huang S, Chen C, Tsai H, Shaya J, Lu C. Photocatalytic degradation of thiobencarb by a visible light-driven MoS2 photocatalyst. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Li M, Dai C, Wang F, Kong Z, He Y, Huang YT, Fan B. Chemometric-assisted QuEChERS extraction method for post-harvest pesticide determination in fruits and vegetables. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42489. [PMID: 28225030 PMCID: PMC5320482 DOI: 10.1038/srep42489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An effective analysis method was developed based on a chemometric tool for the simultaneous quantification of five different post-harvest pesticides (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), carbendazim, thiabendazole, iprodione, and prochloraz) in fruits and vegetables. In the modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) method, the factors and responses for optimization of the extraction and cleanup analyses were compared using the Plackett-Burman (P-B) screening design. Furthermore, the significant factors (toluene percentage, hydrochloric acid (HCl) percentage, and graphitized carbon black (GCB) amount) were optimized using a central composite design (CCD) combined with Derringer's desirability function (DF). The limits of quantification (LOQs) were estimated to be 1.0 μg/kg for 2,4-D, carbendazim, thiabendazole, and prochloraz, and 1.5 μg/kg for iprodione in food matrices. The mean recoveries were in the range of 70.4-113.9% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of less than 16.9% at three spiking levels. The measurement uncertainty of the analytical method was determined using the bottom-up approach, which yielded an average value of 7.6%. Carbendazim was most frequently found in real samples analyzed using the developed method. Consequently, the analytical method can serve as an advantageous and rapid tool for determination of five preservative pesticides in fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing/Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio-Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Chao Dai
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing/Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Fengzhong Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing/Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Kong
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing/Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio-Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing/Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Ya Tao Huang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing/Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Bei Fan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing/Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
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12
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Armenta S, de la Guardia M. Green chromatography for the analysis of foods of animal origin. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Villaverde JJ, Sevilla-Morán B, López-Goti C, Alonso-Prados JL, Sandín-España P. Trends in analysis of pesticide residues to fulfil the European Regulation (EC) No. 1107/2009. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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14
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Bedi JS, Gill JPS, Aulakh RS, Kaur P. Occurrence and spatial distribution of pesticide residues in butter and ghee (clarified butter fat) in Punjab (India). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:100. [PMID: 26781716 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5115-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to monitor organochlorine, organophosphate, and synthetic pyrethroid pesticide residues in butter (n = 55) and ghee (n = 56) samples collected from three different regions of Punjab. The estimation of pesticide residues was done by multiple residue analytical technique using gas chromatography equipped with GC-ECD and GC-FTD. The confirmation of residues was done on gas chromatography mass spectrometry in both selective ion monitoring (SIM) and scan mode. Results indicated the presence of hexacholorocyclohexane (HCH) and p,p' DDE as predominant contaminant in both butter and ghee. Residues of HCH were detected in 25 and 23% samples of butter and ghee, respectively, while residues of p,p' DDE were recorded in 29 and 25% of butter and ghee samples, respectively. None of the butter and ghee sample violated the MRL values of 200 ng g(-1) for HCH and 1250 ng g(-1) for dichorodiphenyl tricholorethane (DDT). The presence of endosulfan, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, deltamethrin, and chlorpyrifos were observed in a few butter and ghee samples at traces. The spatial variation for comparative occurrence of pesticide residues indicated higher levels in the south-western region of Punjab. Additionally, the temporal variation indicated the significant reduction of HCH and DDT levels in butter and ghee in Punjab.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Bedi
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India.
| | - J P S Gill
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| | - R S Aulakh
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| | - Prabhjit Kaur
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
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15
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An enzyme-linked chemiluminescent immunoassay developed for detection of Butocarboxim from agricultural products based on monoclonal antibody. Food Chem 2015; 166:372-379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Synaridou MES, Sakkas VA, Stalikas CD, Albanis TA. Evaluation of magnetic nanoparticles to serve as solid-phase extraction sorbents for the determination of endocrine disruptors in milk samples by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1348:71-9. [PMID: 24837417 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A rapid magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) is proposed based on C18-functionalized magnetic silica nanoparticles as sorbents, for the determination of endocrine disruptors - 20 organochlorine pesticides and 6 polychlorinated biphenyls - in milk samples. Magnetic nanoparticles are characterized by several techniques, such as Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-Ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and Fourier transform-infrared. The MSPE is performed by dispersion of the Fe3O4@SiO2@C18 nanoparticles in milk samples with sonication, after protein precipitation. Then, the sorbent is collected by applying an external magnetic field and the analytes are desorbed by n-hexane. Several parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of target analytes by the magnetic nanoparticles are investigated, including washing and elution solvents, amount of sorbents, time of extraction and elution, sample and elution solvent volume. The proposed method is optimized by means of experimental design and response surface methodology. When coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection and under optimum extraction conditions, average recoveries of target analytes are found to be in the range of 79% to 116%. The proposed MSPE-GC-MS analytical method has a linear calibration curve for all target analytes with coefficients of determination to range from 0.9950 to 0.9999. The limits of quantification are found to be between 0.2 and 1μg/L ensuring compliance with the maximum residue limits established by European Commission and Codex Alimentarius, for OCPs and PCBs residues in milk. The proposed method is applied to the determination of target analytes in milk samples from local markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Evangelia S Synaridou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
| | - Vasilios A Sakkas
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
| | - Constantine D Stalikas
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
| | - Triantafyllos A Albanis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
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17
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Pesticide residues in grain from Kazakhstan and potential health risks associated with exposure to detected pesticides. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 64:238-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Factorial design optimization of experimental variables in preconcentration of carbamates pesticides in water samples using solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography–electrospray-mass spectrometry determination. Talanta 2013; 117:392-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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19
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Anagnostopoulos C, Bourmpopoulou A, Miliadis G. Development and Validation of a Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Method with Electrospray Ionization for the Determination of Multiclass Pesticides and Metabolites in Meat and Milk. ANAL LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2013.803251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Evaluation of the QuEChERS Method with GC-MS Detection for the Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides in Food of Animal Origin. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-013-9635-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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21
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Development of an Easy Multiresidue Method for Fat-Soluble Pesticides in Animal Products Using Gas Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-013-9620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Mirmohseni A, Houjaghan MR. Measurement of the pesticide methomyl by modified quartz crystal nanobalance with molecularly imprinted polymer. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2013; 48:278-284. [PMID: 23374046 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2013.743779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A simple and cost-effective analysis method based on quartz crystal nanobalance (QCN) coated with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for measurement of methomyl was investigated. In the first part of this study, a sensitive, selective and reliable quartz crystal nanobalance (QCN) sensor was designed for the selective determination of methomyl in aqueous solutions. In the second part, in order to demonstrate the applicability and performance of the fabricated sensor in the real world situation, it was successfully applied for the determination of methomyl residual in photo catalytic degradation by ZnO powders in aqueous solutions. The fabricated sensor presents a high selectivity and sensitivity (4.56 Hz per mg L(-1)) for methomyl and it can be used for determination of methomyl concentration ranged between 1 to 45 mg L(-1). Furthermore, good reproducibility, R.S.D. = 2.14% (n = 5) was observed. To investigate the performance of the sensor, the change in the insecticide concentration during the photocatalytic degradation of methomyl by ZnO was investigated by QCN and UV/Vis spectroscopy. Results obtained from QCN sensor and UV/Vis spectroscopy measurement are in good mutual agreement. So the fabricated sensor may provide an efficient, low cost, easy-to-use method for the in-field evaluation of specific targeted analytes in aqueous solutions which in turn may lead to improved food and water safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mirmohseni
- Polymer Research Technology Laboratory, Applied Chemistry Department, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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23
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Application of accelerated solvent extraction in the analysis of organic contaminants, bioactive and nutritional compounds in food and feed. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1237:1-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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24
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Sensitive determination of carbamates in fruit and vegetables by a combination of solid-phase extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction prior to HPLC. Mikrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-011-0735-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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25
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Ferrer C, Lozano A, Agüera A, Girón AJ, Fernández-Alba A. Overcoming matrix effects using the dilution approach in multiresidue methods for fruits and vegetables. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:7634-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Trufelli H, Palma P, Famiglini G, Cappiello A. An overview of matrix effects in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2011; 30:491-509. [PMID: 21500246 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 513] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Revised: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-dependent signal suppression or enhancement represents a major drawback in quantitative analysis with liquid chromatography coupled to atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry (LC-API-MS). Because matrix effects (ME) might exert a detrimental impact on important method parameters (limit of detection, limit of quantification, linearity, accuracy, and precision), they have to be tested and evaluated during validation procedure. This review gives a detailed description on when these phenomena might be expected, and how they can be evaluated. The major sources of ME are discussed and illustrated with examples from bioanalytical, pharmaceutical, environmental, and food analysis. Because there is no universal solution for ME, the main strategies to overcome these phenomena are described in detail. Special emphasis is devoted to the sample-preparation procedures as well as to the recent improvements on chromatographic and mass spectrometric conditions. An overview of the main calibration techniques to compensate for ME is also presented. All these solutions can be used alone or in combination to retrieve the performance of the LC-MS for a particular matrix-analyte combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga Trufelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche, Tecnologie Chimiche e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento, 6-61029 Urbino, Italy
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27
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Aguilera-Luiz MM, Plaza-Bolaños P, Romero-González R, Martínez Vidal JL, Frenich AG. Comparison of the efficiency of different extraction methods for the simultaneous determination of mycotoxins and pesticides in milk samples by ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 399:2863-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4670-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Analytical methods applied to the determination of pesticide residues in foods of animal origin. A review of the past two decades. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:1021-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.12.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Cappiello A, Famiglini G, Palma P, Trufelli H. MATRIX EFFECTS IN LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2010.484314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Achille Cappiello
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche , Tecnologie Chimiche e Ambientali a Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo” , Urbino , Italy
| | - Giorgio Famiglini
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche , Tecnologie Chimiche e Ambientali a Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo” , Urbino , Italy
| | - Pierangela Palma
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche , Tecnologie Chimiche e Ambientali a Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo” , Urbino , Italy
| | - Helga Trufelli
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche , Tecnologie Chimiche e Ambientali a Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo” , Urbino , Italy
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30
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Goulart SM, Alves RD, Neves AA, de Queiroz JH, de Assis TC, de Queiroz MEL. Optimization and validation of liquid–liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning for determination of carbamates in water. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 671:41-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Revised: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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31
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Teo CC, Tan SN, Yong JWH, Hew CS, Ong ES. Pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE). J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:2484-94. [PMID: 20060531 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2009] [Revised: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) has become a popular green extraction method for different classes of compounds present in numerous kinds of matrices such as environmental, food and botanical samples. PHWE is also used in sample preparation to extract organic contaminants from foodstuff for food safety analysis and soils/sediments for environmental monitoring purposes. The main parameters which influence its extraction efficiency are namely the temperature, extraction time, flow rates and addition of modifiers/additives. Among these different parameters studied, temperature is described as the most important one. It is reported that the extraction of certain compounds is rather dependent on pressurized water with different applied temperature. Thus, the stability and reduced solubilities of certain compounds at elevated temperatures are highlighted in this review. With some modifications, a scaled-up PHWE could extract a higher amount of desirable compounds from solid and powdered samples such as plant and food materials. The PHWE extracts from plants are rich in chemical compounds or metabolites which can be a potential lead for drug discovery or development of disease-resistant food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Chye Teo
- Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore
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32
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Przybylski C, Bonnet V. Combination of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry as tools for investigation of the thermolytic and solvolytic effects. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:4787-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2008] [Revised: 03/14/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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33
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Blasco C, Picó Y, Andreu V. Analytical method for simultaneous determination of pesticide and veterinary drug residues in milk by CE-MS. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:1698-707. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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34
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Dispersive solid-phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the multi-residue analysis of pesticides in raw bovine milk. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:3702-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2008] [Revised: 02/04/2009] [Accepted: 02/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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35
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Determination of carbamate pesticides using micro-solid-phase extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:211-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2008] [Revised: 11/14/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Díaz AN, Bracho V, Algarra M, García Sánchez F. Chemiluminometric Determination of the Pesticide Pirimicarb by a Flow Injection Analysis Assembly. ANAL LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710802463014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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37
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Development of a solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography with microelectron-capture detection method for a multiresidue analysis of pesticides in bovine milk. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 617:37-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2007] [Revised: 01/08/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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38
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Soler C, Mañes J, Picó Y. The Role of the Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Pesticide Residue Determination in Food. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10408340801922250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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39
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Zhou SN, Ouyang G, Pawliszyn J. Comparison of microdialysis with solid-phase microextraction for in vitro and in vivo studies. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1196-1197:46-56. [PMID: 18339397 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2008] [Revised: 02/13/2008] [Accepted: 02/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Microdialysis (MD) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) methods have been developed and compared through in vitro and in vivo studies. For in vitro study, both methods offered accurate and precise results for complex sample matrices by standard addition method. Compared to MD, the fully automated SPME procedure offered several advantages including high-throughput and more efficient sampling, less labor intensity, and capability for batch analysis. For in vivo study, although both techniques provided sampling with minimal perturbation to the system under study, SPME was more sensitive, precise and accurate, suitable for field sampling and had a wider application than MD. It demonstrated that SPME has the potential to replace MD for in vivo study.
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40
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García-López M, Canosa P, Rodríguez I. Trends and recent applications of matrix solid-phase dispersion. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 391:963-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-1898-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2007] [Revised: 01/11/2008] [Accepted: 01/17/2008] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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41
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Chen Y, Guo Z, Wang X, Qiu C. Sample preparation. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1184:191-219. [PMID: 17991475 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2007] [Revised: 10/08/2007] [Accepted: 10/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A panorama of sample preparation methods has been composed from 481 references, with a highlight of some promising methods fast developed during recent years and a somewhat brief introduction on most of the well-developed methods. All the samples were commonly referred to molecular composition, being extendable to particles including cells but not to organs, tissues and larger bodies. Some criteria to evaluate or validate a sample preparation method were proposed for reference. Strategy for integration of several methods to prepare complicated protein samples for proteomic studies was illustrated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
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42
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Carabias-Martínez R, Rodríguez-Gonzalo E, Miranda-Cruz E, Domínguez-Alvarez J, Hernández-Méndez J. Sensitive determination of herbicides in food samples by nonaqueous CE using pressurized liquid extraction. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:3606-16. [PMID: 17893944 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a method involving extraction with mixtures of solvents under pressure (pressurized liquid extraction (PLE)) for the determination of triazine herbicides in a series of samples from the food industry. The organic extracts obtained were subjected to a clean-up step with SPE, using Oasis MCX sorbents, after which they were analyzed by NACE. Potato was chosen as a representative matrix of horticultural products since it has a high water content. Spiked potato samples were used to optimize extraction conditions. In order to compare the results obtained with NACE, different studies were also conducted using HPLC. The detection limits in NACE were similar to those found with HPLC and were of the order of 10-15 microg/kg, depending on the analyte. Satisfactory results were obtained on applying the method proposed for the potato matrix (PLE with separation by electrophoresis) to other food matrices such as other tubercles, fruits, vegetables and cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Carabias-Martínez
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
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43
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Hercegová A, Dömötörová M, Matisová E. Sample preparation methods in the analysis of pesticide residues in baby food with subsequent chromatographic determination. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1153:54-73. [PMID: 17258222 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2006] [Revised: 12/08/2006] [Accepted: 01/05/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides are widely utilized at various stages of cultivation and during postharvest storage to protect plants against a range of pests and/or to provide quality preservation. Reliable confirmatory methods are required to monitor pesticide residues in baby foods and to ensure the safety of baby food supply. This review covers methods in which pesticide residues have been determined in baby food by the use of a wide range of chromatographic techniques after various sample preparation steps. The main attention is paid to the evaluation and improvement of sample extraction and clean-up methods (liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction (SPE), dispersive SPE (DSPE), microextraction procedures, matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE)) considering low concentration levels of pesticide residues in baby food resulting from stringent European Union (EU) legislation. Instrumental aspects together with the matrix effects significantly contributing to the most important parameters considered in pesticide residues analysis of baby food--limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) were included within the scope of this overview. Paper involves also monitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Hercegová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia
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44
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Lambropoulou DA, Albanis TA. Methods of sample preparation for determination of pesticide residues in food matrices by chromatography-mass spectrometry-based techniques: a review. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 389:1663-83. [PMID: 17541563 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2007] [Revised: 04/27/2007] [Accepted: 05/07/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Much progress has been made in pesticide analysis over the past decade, during which time hyphenated techniques involving highly efficient separation and sensitive detection have become the techniques of choice. Among these, methods based on chromatographic separation with mass spectrometric detection have resulted in greater likelihood of identification and are acknowledged to be extremely useful and authoritative methods for determination of pesticide residues. Even with such powerful instrumental techniques, however, the risk of interference increases with the complexity of the matrix studied, so sample preparation before instrumental analysis is still mandatory in many applications, for example food analysis. This article summarizes the analytical characteristics of the different methods of sample-preparation for determination of pesticide residues in a variety of food matrices, and surveys their recent applications in combination with chromatographic mass spectrometric analysis. We discuss the advantages and the disadvantages of the different methods, address instrumental aspects, and summarize conclusions and perspectives for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra A Lambropoulou
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
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45
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Bogialli S, Di Corcia A. Matrix solid-phase dispersion as a valuable tool for extracting contaminants from foodstuffs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 70:163-79. [PMID: 17126908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2006.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2006] [Accepted: 07/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This review updates our knowledge on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD), a sample treatment procedure that is increasingly used for extracting/purifying contaminants from a variety of solid, semi-solid, viscous, and liquid foodstuffs. MSPD is primarily used because of its flexibility, selectivity, and the possibility of performing extraction and cleanup in one step, this resulting in drastically shortening of the analysis time and low consumption of toxic and expensive solvents. Technical developments and parameters influencing the extraction yield and selectivity are examined and discussed. Experimental results for the analysis of pesticides, veterinary drugs, persistent environmental chemicals, naturally occurring toxicants, and surfactants in food are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bogialli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università La Sapienza, Piazza Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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46
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Barker SA. Matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 70:151-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2006.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2006] [Accepted: 06/30/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Picó Y, Font G, Ruiz MJ, Fernández M. Control of pesticide residues by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to ensure food safety. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2006; 25:917-60. [PMID: 16788925 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has become an invaluable technique for the control of pesticide residues to ensure food safety. After an introduction about the regulations that highlights its importance to meet the official requirements on analytical performance, the different mass spectrometers used in this field of research, as well as the LC-MS interfaces and the difficulties associated with quantitative LC-MS determination, are discussed. The ability to use practical data for quantifying pesticides together with the option of obtaining structural information to identify target and non-target parent compounds and metabolites are discussed. Special attention is paid to the impact of sample preparation and chromatography on the ionization efficiency of pesticides from food. The last section is devoted to applications from a food safety point of view. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Picó
- Laboratori de Bromatologia i Toxicologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain.
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Niessen WMA, Manini P, Andreoli R. Matrix effects in quantitative pesticide analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2006; 25:881-99. [PMID: 16783795 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Combined liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry using electrospray or atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization has become an important tool in the quantitative analysis of pesticide residues in various matrices in relation to environmental analysis, food safety, and biological exposure monitoring. One of the major problems in the quantitative analysis using LC-MS is that compound and matrix-dependent response suppression or enhancement may occur, the so-called matrix effect. This article reviews issues related to matrix effects, focusing on quantitative pesticide analysis, but also paying attention to expertise with respect to matrix effects acquired in other application areas of LC-MS, especially quantitative bioanalysis in the course of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M A Niessen
- hyphen MassSpec, de Wetstraat 8, 2332 XT Leiden, The Netherlands
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Sun H, Fung Y. Piezoelectric quartz crystal sensor for rapid analysis of pirimicarb residues using molecularly imprinted polymers as recognition elements. Anal Chim Acta 2006; 576:67-76. [PMID: 17723616 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2005] [Revised: 04/20/2006] [Accepted: 04/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A new piezoelectric quartz crystal (PQC) sensor using molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) as sensing material has been developed for fast and onsite determination of pirimicarb in contaminated vegetables. Three MIPs particles have been prepared by conventional bulk polymerization (MIP-B) and precipitation polymerization in either acetonitrile (MIP-P1) or chloroform (MIP-P2). MIP-P2, with uniform spherical shape and mean diameter at about 50 nm, has shown the best performance as the sensing material for PQC sensor. The sensor fabricated with MIP-P2 can achieve a steady-state response within 5 min, a very short response time as compared to MIPs-coated PQC sensor reported in the literature. The sensor developed exhibits good selectivity (low response to those pesticides with similar structures to pirimicarb, such as atrazine, carbaryl, carbofuran and aldicarb) and high sensitivity to pirimicarb with a linear working range from 5.0 x 10(-6) to 4.7 x 10(-3) mol L(-1) (following a regression equation (r=0.9988) of -DeltaF=0.552+1.79 x 10(6) C), a repeatability (R.S.D., n=5) of 4.3% and a detection limit (S/N=3, n=5) of 5 x 10(-7) mol L(-1). The MIP-coated PQC sensor developed is shown to provide a sensitive and fast method for onsite determination of pirimicarb in aqueous extract from contaminated vegetables with satisfactory recoveries from 96 to 103% and repeatability (R.S.D., n=5) from 4.6 to 7.1% at pirimicarb concentrations ranging from 8.0x10(-6) to 2.0 x 10(-4) mol L(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Bogialli S, Curini R, Di Corcia A, Laganà A, Rizzuti G. A rapid confirmatory method for analyzing tetracycline antibiotics in bovine, swine, and poultry muscle tissues: matrix solid-phase dispersion with heated water as extractant followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:1564-70. [PMID: 16506801 DOI: 10.1021/jf052544w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, specific, and sensitive procedure for determining four widely used tetracycline antibiotics and three related epimers in bovine, swine, and poultry muscle tissues is presented. The method is based on the matrix solid-phase dispersion technique with heated water as the extractant followed by liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS) equipped with an electrospray ion source. Target compounds were extracted from tissues with 5 mL of water heated at 70 degrees C. After acidification and filtration, 100 microL of the aqueous extract was injected in the LC column. MS data acquisition was performed in the multireaction monitoring mode, selecting two precursor ion to product ion transitions for each target compound. Heated water appeared to be an excellent extractant, since the absolute recovery data ranged between 70 and 78%. The accuracy of the method was determined at three spike levels, using minocycline as a surrogate analyte, in any different kind of muscle tissues considered and varied between 88 and 109% with relative standard deviations ranging between 3 and 11%. Limits of quantification were estimated to range between 1 (chlortetracycline) and 9 ng/g (4-epioxytetracycline), based on a signal-to-noise ratio of 10, and are well below the tolerance levels set by the European Union. The effects of the extraction temperature, volume of the extractant, and washing of the material supporting the biological matrix with ethylenediamine tetraacetic disodium salt on the analyte recovery were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bogialli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università La Sapienza, Piazza Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
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