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Maiga DT, Kibechu RW, Mamba BB, Msagati TAM, Phadi TT. Preparation of Novel Solid Phase Extraction Sorbents for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Aqueous Media. Molecules 2023; 28:6129. [PMID: 37630383 PMCID: PMC10457983 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, functionalized mesoporous silica was prepared and characterized as a stationary phase using various analytical and solid-state techniques, including a Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, thermogravimetric analysis, and nitrogen sorption. The results confirmed the successful synthesis of the hybrid stationary phase. The potential of the prepared hybrid mesoporous silica as a solid-phase extraction (SPE) stationary phase for separating and enriching polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in both spiked water samples and real water samples was evaluated. The analysis involved extracting the PAHs from the water samples using solid-phase extraction and analyzing the extracts using a two-dimensional gas chromatograph coupled to a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (GC × GC-TOFMS). The synthesized sorbent exhibited outstanding performance in extracting PAHs from both spiked water samples and real water samples. In the spiked water samples, the recoveries of the PAHs ranged from 79.87% to 95.67%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 1.85% to 8.83%. The limits of detection (LOD) for the PAHs were in the range of 0.03 µg/L to 0.04 µg/L, while the limits of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.05 µg/L to 3.14 µg/L. Furthermore, all the calibration curves showed linearity, with correlation coefficients (r) above 0.98. Additionally, the results from real water samples indicated that the levels of individual PAH detected ranged from 0.57 to 12.31 µg/L with a total of 44.67 µg/L. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the hybrid mesoporous silica as a promising stationary phase for solid-phase extraction and sensitive detection of PAHs in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deogratius T. Maiga
- Measurement and Control Division, Council for Mineral Technology (MINTEK), Private Bag X3015, Randburg, Johannesburg 2125, South Africa
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science Engineering and Technology, UNISA Science Campus, University of South Africa, Roodepoort, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa
| | - Rose W. Kibechu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eswatini, P/Bag 4 Kwaluseni Campus, Kwaluseni 0004, Eswatini
| | - Bhekie B. Mamba
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science Engineering and Technology, UNISA Science Campus, University of South Africa, Roodepoort, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Process, National Center for International Joint Research on Membrane Science and Technology, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Titus A. M. Msagati
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science Engineering and Technology, UNISA Science Campus, University of South Africa, Roodepoort, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa
| | - Terence T. Phadi
- Measurement and Control Division, Council for Mineral Technology (MINTEK), Private Bag X3015, Randburg, Johannesburg 2125, South Africa
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Lin L, Huang Y, Wang P, Chen CC, Qian W, Zhu X, Xu X. Environmental occurrence and ecotoxicity of aquaculture-derived plastic leachates. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:132015. [PMID: 37437480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Plastic products such as fishing nets and foam buoys have been widely used in aquaculture. To enhance the desirable characteristics of the final equipment, plastic gear for aquaculture is mixed with a wide range of additives. Recent studies have shown that additives could be leached out to the environment with a long-term use of aquaculture plastics, forming aquaculture-derived plastic leachates. It should be emphasized that some leachates such as phthalic acid esters (PAEs) and organophosphate esters (OPEs) are endocrine disruptors, which could increase the exposure risk of aquatic products and subsequently display potential threats to human health via food chain. However, systematic studies on the release, occurrence, bioaccumulation, and toxic effects of aquaculture-derived plastic leachates are missing, overlooking their potential sources and ecotoxicological risks in aquatic environments. We have reviewed and compared the concentrations of major plastic leachates in the water environment and organisms of global aquaculture and non-farmed areas, confirming that aquaculture leachate is an important source of contaminants in the environment. Moreover, the toxic effects of aquaculture-derived plastic additives and the related mechanisms are summarized with fish as a representative, revealing their potential health risk. In addition, we proposed current challenges and future research needs, which provides scientific guidance for the use and management of plastic products in aquaculture industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuxiong Huang
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Pu Wang
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ciara Chun Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Wei Qian
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhu
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Laboratory of Southern Ocean Science and Engineering (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Xiangrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
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Huike Z, Chao Z, Yifeng H, Xiaohui Y, Xujun L, Lee CG, Mingzhi H, Guang-Guo Y. Contamination of typical phthalate acid esters in surface water and sediment of the Pearl River, South China: Occurrence, distribution, and health risk assessment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2022; 57:130-138. [PMID: 35176973 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2022.2037375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and distribution of six phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in surface water and sediment of the Pearl River were investigated, including Xijiang River (XR), Beijiang River (BR), Lingdingyang Estuary (LE), and Guangzhou River (GR) in South China. Six target PAEs were identified in surface water and sediment at almost all sites in the Pearl River, with di(2-ethyl-ethyl) phthalate (DEHP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) as dominant PAEs. Total 6 PAEs (ΣPAEs) in surface water and sediment ranged from 1,797.5 to 4,968.5 ng L-1 and 95.24 to 3,677.26 ng g-1 dw, respectively. In addition, the contamination levels of PAEs in the Pearl River are in the following order: XR > BR > GR > LE for surface water and BR > XR > GR for sediment. Local agricultural activities, industrial production, water confluence, and seawater intrusion are the probable sources of PAEs in the Pearl River. Based on correlation analysis, the possible collocation patterns of different PAEs were revealed. The risk assessment indicates that residual PAEs in the Pearl River pose a serious threat to the ecological environment. According to risk characterization of fish living in the Pearl River, the decreasing order of health risks was: GR > LE > XR > BR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Huike
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhang Chao
- School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Huang Yifeng
- Shenzhen Branch, China Construction Bank Corporation Limited, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Yi Xiaohui
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Liang Xujun
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, PR China
| | - Chang-Gu Lee
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Huang Mingzhi
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, PR China
- SCNU Qingyuan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation Co, Ltd, Qingyuan, China
| | - Ying Guang-Guo
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Badmus SO, Amusa HK, Oyehan TA, Saleh TA. Environmental risks and toxicity of surfactants: overview of analysis, assessment, and remediation techniques. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:62085-62104. [PMID: 34590224 PMCID: PMC8480275 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16483-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This work comprehensively reviewed the toxicity and risks of various surfactants and their degraded products in the environmental matrices, various analytical procedures, and remediation methods for these surfactants. The findings revealed that the elevated concentration of surfactants and their degraded products disrupt microbial dynamics and their important biogeochemical processes, hinder plant-surviving processes and their ecological niche, and retard the human organic and systemic functionalities. The enormous adverse effects of surfactants on health and the environment necessitate the need to develop, select, and advance the various analytical and assessment techniques to achieve effective identification and quantification of several surfactants in different environmental matrices. Considering the presence of surfactants in trace concentration and environmental matrices, excellent analysis can only be achieved with appropriate extraction, purification, and preconcentration. Despite these pre-treatment procedures, the chromatographic technique is the preferred analytical technique considering its advancement and shortcomings of other techniques. In the literature, the choice or selection of remediation techniques for surfactants depends largely on eco-friendliness, cost-implications, energy requirements, regeneration potential, and generated sludge composition and volume. Hence, the applications of foam fractionation, electrochemical advanced oxidation processes, thermophilic aerobic membranes reactors, and advanced adsorbents are impressive in the clean-up of the surfactants in the environment. This article presents a compendium of knowledge on environmental toxicity and risks, analytical techniques, and remediation methods of surfactants as a guide for policymakers and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suaibu O Badmus
- Center for Integrative Petroleum Research, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein K Amusa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tajudeen A Oyehan
- Center for Integrative Petroleum Research, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tawfik A Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
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León VM, Viñas L, Concha-Graña E, Fernández-González V, Salgueiro-González N, Moscoso-Pérez C, Muniategui-Lorenzo S, Campillo JA. Identification of contaminants of emerging concern with potential environmental risk in Spanish continental shelf sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 742:140505. [PMID: 32721718 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), alkylphenols, organotin compounds, phthalates, alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, current-use pesticides (CUPs) and personal care products (PCPs) was characterized in 29 surface sediments from two Spanish Iberian continental shelf areas (14 on the Atlantic and 15 on the Mediterranean coasts). Concretely, 115 organic contaminants were determined and a specific methodology was used for each contaminant group, including contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and traditional ones, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs). PAHs, alkylated PAHs, alkylphenols and phthalates were found in all samples, showing mean concentrations per group higher than 20 ng/g (16-4974 ng/g d.w.) in the subregions under consideration (Galician, Cantabrian, Levantine-Balearic and Strait-Alboran). CUPs and PCPs were found in the majority of samples at very low concentrations of ng/g (1.4-46.8 ng/g d.w.), whereas organotins and PFAS were found principally in sediments from the Mediterranean subregions (2.5-3.9 ng/g d.w.). Different distribution patterns were observed for the contaminant groups and subregions under consideration as a consequence of the diverse predominant sources (industrial, urban, transport and agricultural activities) and environmental behavior (mainly hydrophobicity and persistence). Risk assessment confirmed the impact of phthalates, alkylphenols, PAHs and PCBs on Atlantic ecosystems and of alkylphenols, chlorpyrifos, phthalates, TBT, PAHs, OCPs and PCBs on the Mediterranean ones. Furthermore, the presence of CUPs, PCPs and PFAS in sediments from the Spanish continental shelf located between 2 and 31 km from the coast suggested that those contaminants may also provoke adverse effects on coastal marine ecosystems between their sources and their depositional areas. CAPSULE: Alkylphenols, phthalates and organotins may provoke adverse effects on Spanish coastal marine ecosystems from their sources to the sediment depositional areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor M León
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, C/Varadero 1, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Lucía Viñas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390 Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Estefanía Concha-Graña
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Verónica Fernández-González
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Noelia Salgueiro-González
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri - IRCCS, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Moscoso-Pérez
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Soledad Muniategui-Lorenzo
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Juan A Campillo
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, C/Varadero 1, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
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Blanco-Rayón E, Ivanina AV, Sokolova IM, Marigómez I, Izagirre U. Sex and sex-related differences in gamete development progression impinge on biomarker responsiveness in sentinel mussels. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 740:140178. [PMID: 32569916 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In marine pollution monitoring, the biomarkers recorded in sentinel organisms are influenced by natural confounding factors that may jeopardise their interpretation. Among these confounding factors, little is known about the influence of sex along the annual reproductive cycle. The present investigation aims at contributing to understand how sex and sex-related differences in gamete development progression impinge on biomarker baseline values and on biomarker responsiveness to pollution in sentinel mussels. Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were collected from a relatively clean locality and from a chronically polluted site in the Basque Coast (Bay of Biscay) in January, April, August and November. Sex and gametogenesis stages were determined for each mussel. Tissue concentration of metals and PAHs was analysed. A battery of biomarkers was investigated: cytochrome c oxidase, pyruvate kinase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase enzyme activities; levels of protein carbonyls, malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal; lysosomal enlargement and membrane stability; intracellular neutral lipid accumulation; cell type composition and thinning of the digestive gland epithelium; and survival-in-air. Sex- and reproductive stage-related differences were found in bioaccumulation and in the values and responsiveness of most of the biomarkers. However, the patterns of sex-related differences were not consistent across all biomarkers. The differences in the biomarker responses between females and males also depended on the season, reflecting the progression of the gametogenesis cycle. Thus, selecting mussels of one specific sex does not seem to be a crucial requisite to carry out biomarker-based monitoring; yet, it is highly recommended to identify sex condition and gamete developmental stage of each mussel to test for the potentially confounding effects of sex, reproductive status and sex-related variability along the reproductive cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Blanco-Rayón
- CBET Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology (ZTF/FCT), University of the Basque Country, Leioa-Bizkaia 48930, Basque Country, Spain; CBET Research Group, Research Centre of Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (Plentzia Marine Station; PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Plentzia-Bizkaia 48620, Basque Country, Spain
| | - A V Ivanina
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, United States
| | - I M Sokolova
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, United States; Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biosciences & Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock 18055, Germany
| | - I Marigómez
- CBET Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology (ZTF/FCT), University of the Basque Country, Leioa-Bizkaia 48930, Basque Country, Spain; CBET Research Group, Research Centre of Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (Plentzia Marine Station; PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Plentzia-Bizkaia 48620, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - U Izagirre
- CBET Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology (ZTF/FCT), University of the Basque Country, Leioa-Bizkaia 48930, Basque Country, Spain; CBET Research Group, Research Centre of Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (Plentzia Marine Station; PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Plentzia-Bizkaia 48620, Basque Country, Spain
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Weizhen Z, Xiaowei Z, Peng G, Ning W, Zini L, Jian H, Zheng Z. Distribution and risk assessment of phthalates in water and sediment of the Pearl River Delta. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:12550-12565. [PMID: 32002834 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06819-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are widely used industrial raw materials that are well known for their environmental contamination and toxicological effects as "endocrine disruptors." In this study, environmental levels of PAEs and eco-toxicological risk assessments were determined in the eight estuaries of the Pearl River (Estuaries), main upstream tributary (Xijiang River), urban river network (River network), and nature reserve reservoir (Reservoirs). Water and sediment samples from the above water systems were collected during the low-water period (May) and the high-water period (August) between 2012 and 2014. Solid phase and ultrasonic methods were used to extract 14 different PAEs that were analyzed by gas chromatography. The analytical average recovery of PAEs in water and sediment was 75.4% ± 4.9% and 121.5% ± 8.9%, respectively. The results showed that PAEs were detected in all of the samples, and the di-n-butyl phtalate (DBP) and benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) monomers had a detection rate of 100% in water. Similarly, in sediment samples, the detection rates of diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), DBP, dimethoxyethyl phthalate (DMEP), BBP, di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), and DNP ranged from 66.7 to 100%. Among these, in sediment samples, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and phthalic acid bis(2-butoxyethyl) ester (DBEP) had detection rates of 95.8% to 100% in the Estuaries, Xijiang River, and River network. The concentrations of Σ14PAEs in water samples and sediments ranged from 12.95 ± 1.97 to 6717.29 ± 112.37 ng/L and 71.99 ± 8.72 to 17,340.04 ± 227.83 ng/g-dw, respectively. During the low-water period, the average concentration of Σ14PAEs in water and sediment was 1159.58 ± 97.22 ng/L and 2842.50 ± 178.21 ng/g-dw, respectively, and during the high-water period, 822.83 ± 53.19 ng/L and 1936.42 ± 111.31 ng/g-dw, respectively. In water, the average concentration of Σ14PAEs in 2013 and 2014 was 963.39 ± 19.55 ng/L and 2815.35 ± 176.32 ng/L, respectively. In sediment, the average concentrations of Σ14PAEs in 2012 to 2014 were 990.10 ± 23.33 ng/g-dw, 1084.20 ± 112.12 ng/g-dw, and 1816.89 ± 79.97 ng/g-dw, respectively, with concentrations showing an increasing trend year after year (2014 > 2013 > 2012). Potential risk assessment of water ecological, the results show that exceeding environmental risk level (ERL) value in higher molecular weight plasticizer (DEHP, DMEP, DNOP, DNP) was mainly distributed in water, the lower molecular weight plasticizer (BMP, DiBP) was mainly distributed in sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Weizhen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, People's Republic of China
- College of Aquatic and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Xiaowei
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Gu Peng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Ning
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Lai Zini
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, People's Republic of China.
| | - He Jian
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Borges Ramirez MM, Dzul Caamal R, Rendón von Osten J. Occurrence and seasonal distribution of microplastics and phthalates in sediments from the urban channel of the Ria and coast of Campeche, Mexico. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 672:97-105. [PMID: 30954829 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are part of a global problem affecting all countries including those with smaller populations. Coastal sediments are a reservoir of pollutants generated in basins. Phthalate esters (PAEs) are used as additives to make plastics stronger and more flexible. Urban ecosystems are the most susceptible to receive and transport pollutants. In this study, we determined the presence of MPs and PAEs in coastal sediments and in an urban and natural drainage system, known as the "Ria" in San Francisco de Campeche city. Plastics were detected in all samples taken from both regions, with plastics ranging in size from 0.3 to 5 mm in diameter. This indicates that they are particles of plastics, paints, and fibers, which may come from boats and nylon nets or synthetic products. The greatest abundance of MPs was detected on the coast with quantities of 1392 items/m2 (dry weight), which is double than that seen in the urban channel. As for PAEs, the highest concentrations were determined in two sites: M7A with 18.292 μg g-1 dw and PE with 21.702 μg g-1 dw, with the Ría channel being the area with the highest concentration of PAEs totaling 49.315 μg g-1 dw. The amounts of MPs detected in the sediments of the coast and the Ria vary significantly among the sites (p = 0.001) and seasons (p = 0.001), with the rainy season being the season where the greatest amount of MPs were detected. Likewise, the concentrations of ∑PAEs varied significantly among seasons (p = 0.0002) and sampling sites (p = 0.0001), with the west sub-basin being the site where the greatest concentration of PAEs was detected. A strong correlation was found between the ∑PAEs and MPs, which indicates that the conditions of the system favor the release and extended presence of PAEs on the coast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merle M Borges Ramirez
- Instituto de Ecología, Pesquería y Oceanografía del Golfo de México (EPOMEX), Campus VI, Av. Heroes de Nacozari 480, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, 24070 Campeche, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Dzul Caamal
- Instituto de Ecología, Pesquería y Oceanografía del Golfo de México (EPOMEX), Campus VI, Av. Heroes de Nacozari 480, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, 24070 Campeche, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Jaime Rendón von Osten
- Instituto de Ecología, Pesquería y Oceanografía del Golfo de México (EPOMEX), Campus VI, Av. Heroes de Nacozari 480, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, 24070 Campeche, Campeche, Mexico.
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Tsochatzis E, Karayannakidis P, Kalogiannis S. Determination of selected dichloroanilines and phthalates in lyophilised mussels samples with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry after QuEChERS clean-up. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2019; 36:1253-1260. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2019.1615642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Tsochatzis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panayotis Karayannakidis
- Sewerage Quality Control Laboratory, Management of Facilities and Sewerage Networks, Thessaloniki Water Supply & Sewerage Company S.A., Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavros Kalogiannis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Alexander Technological Educational Institution of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Van der Wat L, Forbes PBC. Comparison of extraction techniques for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from lichen biomonitors. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:11179-11190. [PMID: 30796667 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04587-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lichens are useful biomonitors for atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Different sample preparation techniques were explored in this regard, including ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, Soxhlet, and the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) technique. It was found that a QuEChERS technique using hexane:acetone (1:1, v/v), never reported before for application to lichens, provided the best recoveries of internal standards, the highest total peak area for all PAHs of interest, and %RSDs comparable with the other preparation techniques tested. The optimized sample preparation technique was found to be a comparatively fast method (45 min), with good recoveries (96%), using less solvents and minimal energy consumption. Strong matrix effects were found: both strong enhancement (for the lighter PAHs) and strong suppression (for the heavier PAHs). The use of matrix-matched standards is thus imperative for the accurate determination of PAH concentrations in the lichen samples. Graphical abstract "Note: This data is mandatory. Please provide."
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandri Van der Wat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa
| | - Patricia B C Forbes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa.
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11
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Tang Z, Han Q, Xie L, Chu L, Wang Y, Sun Y, Kang X. Simultaneous determination of five phthalate esters and bisphenol A in milk by packed-nanofiber solid-phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:851-861. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zigang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering (Ministry of Education); School of Public Health; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Qing Han
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education); School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Li Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering (Ministry of Education); School of Public Health; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Lanling Chu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering (Ministry of Education); School of Public Health; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education); School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education); School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xuejun Kang
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education); School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
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12
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Zhang Z, Zhang C, Huang Z, Yi X, Zeng H, Zhang M, Huang M. Residue levels and spatial distribution of phthalate acid esters in water and sediment from urban lakes of Guangzhou, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2018; 54:127-135. [PMID: 30407113 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2018.1530539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The residue levels and composition profiles of phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in water and sediment samples were investigated in eight urban lakes of Guangzhou, China. A total of 23 water and 16 sediment samples were collected. Results showed that all target PAEs were detected with dimethyl phthalate and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate as the most abundant compounds. The total concentrations of PAEs from different urban lakes were in the range of 273-1173 ng/L for water and 16.5-242 ng/g for sediments, with the geometric mean of 515 ng/L and 75.0 ng/g, respectively. Zhongshan Park Lake and Liwan Lake were the most highly contaminated with PAEs in water and in sediment, respectively. The spatial distribution of PAEs exhibited that distribution coefficients of PAEs between sediment and water are consistent with hydrophilicity of PAEs, and pollution levels and characteristics of PAEs in different lakes had a close relationship with the geographical location of the lake, industrial and commercial types, population density, and the association between the lake and the Pearl River. According to Pearson correlation analysis, PAEs would be derived from similar or identical sources. Risk assessment suggested that the exposure of PAEs in Guangzhou has a moderate toxicity at the current level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Zhang
- a School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Xi'an Technological University , Xi'an , PR China
| | - Chao Zhang
- b Environmental Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education , South China Normal University , Guangzhou , PR China
- e School of Geography and Planning, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Zehua Huang
- c College of Chemical Engineering , Huaqiao University , Xiamen , China Fujian
| | - XiaoHui Yi
- b Environmental Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education , South China Normal University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Hui Zeng
- d Guangzhou Hydraulic Research Institute , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Mingzhu Zhang
- d Guangzhou Hydraulic Research Institute , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Mingzhi Huang
- b Environmental Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education , South China Normal University , Guangzhou , PR China
- e School of Geography and Planning, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , PR China
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13
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Lacalle RG, Gómez-Sagasti MT, Artetxe U, Garbisu C, Becerril JM. Brassica napus has a key role in the recovery of the health of soils contaminated with metals and diesel by rhizoremediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 618:347-356. [PMID: 29132002 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Contaminated soils are frequently characterized by the simultaneous presence of organic and inorganic contaminants, as well as a poor biological and nutritional status. Rhizoremediation, the combined use of phytoremediation and bioremediation, has been proposed as a Gentle Remediation Option to rehabilitate multi-contaminated soils. Recently, newer techniques, such as the application of metallic nanoparticles, are being deployed in an attempt to improve traditional remediation options. In order to implement a phytomanagement strategy on calcareous alkaline peri-urban soils simultaneously contaminated with several metals and diesel, we evaluated the effectiveness of Brassica napus L., a profitable crop species, assisted with organic amendment and zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI). A two-month phytotron experiment was carried out using two soils, i.e. amended and unamended with organic matter. Soils were artificially contaminated with Zn, Cu and Cd (1500, 500 and 50mgkg-1, respectively) and diesel (6000mgkg-1). After one month of stabilization, soils were treated with nZVI and/or planted with B. napus. The experiment was conducted with 16 treatments resulting from the combination of the following factors: amended/unamended, contaminated/non-contaminated, planted/unplanted and nZVI/no-nZVI. Soil physicochemical characteristics and biological indicators (plant performance and soil microbial properties) were determined at several time points along the experiment. Carbonate content of soils was the crucial factor for metal immobilization and, concomitantly, reduction of metal toxicity. Organic amendment was essential to promote diesel degradation and to improve the health and biomass of B. napus. Soil microorganisms degraded preferably diesel hydrocarbons of biological origin (biodiesel). Plants had a remarkable positive impact on the activity and functional diversity of soil microbial communities. The nZVI were ineffective as soil remediation tools, but did not cause any toxicity. We concluded that rhizoremediation with B. napus combined with an organic amendment is promising for the phytomanagement of calcareous soils with mixed (metals and diesel) contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael G Lacalle
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - María T Gómez-Sagasti
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Unai Artetxe
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Carlos Garbisu
- NEIKER, Department of Conservation of Natural Resources, c/Berreaga 1, E-48160 Derio, Spain
| | - José M Becerril
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
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Effectiveness and ecotoxicity of zero-valent iron nanoparticles during rhizoremediation of soil contaminated with Zn, Cu, Cd and diesel. Data Brief 2018; 17:47-56. [PMID: 29876373 PMCID: PMC5988017 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2017.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The remediation of soils simultaneously contaminated with organic and inorganic compounds is still a challenging task. The application of metallic nanoparticles, such as zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI), for soil remediation is highly promising, but their effectiveness and potential ecotoxicity must be further investigated. In addition, the performance of nZVI when combined with other remediation strategies is a topic of great interest. Here, we present data on soil chemical (pseudo-total and CaCl2-extractable metal concentrations; petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations) and biological properties (microbial properties and phytotoxicity) after the application of nZVI to soil simultaneously contaminated with Zn, Cu, Cd and diesel, in the absence and presence of other remediation treatments such as the application of an organic amendment and the growth of Brassica napus plants. Soils were artificially contaminated with the abovementioned contaminants. Then, after an aging period of one month, nZVI were applied to the soil and, subsequently, B. napus seeds were sown. Plants were left to grow for one month. Soil samples were collected immediately after artificially contaminating the soil (T1), at sowing (T2) and at harvesting (T3). Overall, the application of nZVI had no effect on contaminant removal, nor on soil microbial parameters. In contrast, it did cause an indirect toxic effect on plant root elongation due to the interaction of nZVI with soil organic matter. These data are useful for researchers and companies interested in the effectiveness and ecotoxicity of zero-valent iron nanoparticles during the remediation of soil contaminated with metals and hydrocarbons, especially when combined with Gentle Remediation Options.
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Identification and Quantification of Phthalate Pollution in Holothuria atra, a Sea Cucumber from the Persian Gulf (Iran). Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.65055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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16
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Aylagas E, Borja Á, Tangherlini M, Dell'Anno A, Corinaldesi C, Michell CT, Irigoien X, Danovaro R, Rodríguez-Ezpeleta N. A bacterial community-based index to assess the ecological status of estuarine and coastal environments. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 114:679-688. [PMID: 27784536 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Biotic indices for monitoring marine ecosystems are mostly based on the analysis of benthic macroinvertebrate communities. Due to their high sensitivity to pollution and fast response to environmental changes, bacterial assemblages could complement the information provided by benthic metazoan communities as indicators of human-induced impacts, but so far, this biological component has not been well explored for this purpose. Here we performed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to analyze the bacterial assemblage composition of 51 estuarine and coastal stations characterized by different environmental conditions and human-derived pressures. Using the relative abundance of putative indicator bacterial taxa, we developed a biotic index that is significantly correlated with a sediment quality index calculated on the basis of organic and inorganic compound concentrations. This new index based on bacterial assemblage composition can be a sensitive tool for providing a fast environmental assessment and allow a more comprehensive integrative ecosystem approach for environmental management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Aylagas
- AZTI - Marine Research, Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g - 20110 Pasaia, Gipuzkoa, Spain.
| | - Ángel Borja
- AZTI - Marine Research, Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g - 20110 Pasaia, Gipuzkoa, Spain.
| | - Michael Tangherlini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Dell'Anno
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Corinaldesi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Craig T Michell
- Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xabier Irigoien
- AZTI - Marine Research, Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g - 20110 Pasaia, Gipuzkoa, Spain; Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Roberto Danovaro
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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Fernández-González V, Moscoso-Pérez C, Muniategui-Lorenzo S, López-Mahía P, Prada-Rodríguez D. Reliable, rapid and simple method for the analysis of phthalates in sediments by ultrasonic solvent extraction followed by head space-solid phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry determination. Talanta 2017; 162:648-653. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Ruczyńska W, Szlinder-Richert J, Drgas A. The occurrence of endocrine disrupting compounds in off-shore sediments from the southern Baltic Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2016; 18:1193-1207. [PMID: 27461960 DOI: 10.1039/c6em00193a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the study on the occurrence and spatial distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), butyltin compounds (BTCs), bisphenol A (BPA), and alkylphenols (APs) in sediments. The study focused mainly on off-shore surface sediments collected from the southern Baltic Sea. The pollutant concentrations were as follows: <LOQ-0.158 μg kg(-1) dw ∑9PBDEs, 0.02-1.06 μg kg(-1) dw BDE-209; <LOQ-20.13 μg Sn kg(-1) dw ∑BTCs and 2.7-1001 μg kg(-1) dw nonylphenols (NPs). The spatial distribution of the analyzed compounds was highly related to the organic matter content in the sediments. Only BDE-209 concentrations were the highest in sandy sediments collected near the point source of pollution. This suggests the fresh anthropogenic input of BDE-209 into the marine environment. The principal component analysis (PCA) confirms these observations-the distribution of ∑BTCs, NPs, and ∑9PBDEs was mainly determined by the physicochemical properties of the sediments, while the distribution of BDE-209 was also related to other factors, such as proximity to the pollution source. According to the environmental standards applied in this work, NPs, and to a lesser extent TBT, might pose a risk to aquatic life in the present study area as they occur in some sediments in concentrations higher than those that might cause adverse effects on biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiesława Ruczyńska
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332 Gdynia, Poland.
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Zhang Z, Wan T, Peng X, He G, Liu Y, Zeng L. Distribution and sources of oxygenated non-hydrocarbons in topsoil of Beijing, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:16524-16541. [PMID: 27172982 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6790-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The oxygenated non-hydrocarbon compounds are widely distributed in soil. To investigate the distribution and origin of these compounds in topsoil of Beijing, their contents and compositions were measured in topsoil from 62 sites in Beijing. The research results showed that oxygenated non-hydrocarbons were composed primarily of C6∼C28 n-fatty acids, C12∼C28 n-fatty alcohols, n-fatty acid methyl esters, phthalates, sterols, and dehydroabietic acid in the topsoil of Beijing. The contents and compositions of these compounds varied with the sampling site. The concentrations of n-fatty acids and phthalate esters were the highest at all sites, followed by sterols, n-fatty acid methyl esters, fatty alcohols, and dehydroabietic acid in order. The n-fatty acids had a main peak of C16, followed by C18. An odd or even carbon number predominance was not observed in the low-molecular-weight n-fatty acids, indicating a fossil fuel or organic matter source. However, some high-molecular-weight n-fatty acids with an even carbon predominance may derive from a biomass. The n-fatty alcohols showed a main peak of C22 and were predominated by an even carbon number, suggesting plant, microbial, or other natural origins. Phthalates, including diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), and dimethylphthalate (DMP), were detected. The content of phthalate esters was higher in the samples collected from dense human activity areas. The concentrations of DBP, DEHP, and DIBP were relatively high, indicating an anthropogenic source. The sterols (predominantly β-sitosterol) originated from biological sources, especially plants. The n-fatty acid methyl esters and dehydroabietic acid in topsoil showed apparent even carbon predominance with the former mainly derived from microorganisms or plants and the latter from cork combustion products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihuan Zhang
- College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, 18 Fuxue Road, Beijing, 102249, China.
| | - Tiantian Wan
- College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, China
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, 18 Fuxue Road, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Xuyang Peng
- College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, China
- Beijing Chaoyang Circular Economy Industrial Park, Beijing, 100024, China
| | - Guangxiu He
- College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, China
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, 18 Fuxue Road, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, China
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, 18 Fuxue Road, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Li Zeng
- College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, China
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, 18 Fuxue Road, Beijing, 102249, China
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Ben Salem F, Ben Said O, Duran R, Monperrus M. Validation of an Adapted QuEChERS Method for the Simultaneous Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Organochlorine Pesticides in Sediment by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 96:678-684. [PMID: 27000380 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-016-1770-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) method has been adapted and validated for the simultaneous analysis of 16 PAHs, 12 PCBs and 9 OCPs in sediment. The sample preparation was adapted by modifying the nature of the extraction solvent, the extraction technique and the amount of sediment. The analytical performances were evaluated in terms of accuracy, linearity and quantification limits. The method was validated by the analysis of a reference marine sediment material (SRM 1941b). The obtained concentrations are in good agreement with the certified values with recoveries ranging 60 %-103 % for most of PAHs. Acceptable recoveries are obtained for PCBs, ranging 76 %-131 %, and for OCPs ranging 81 %-137 %. The method was applied to the analysis of sediments from the hydro-system Bizerte Lagoon/Ichkeul Lake (Tunisia). The Bizerte lagoon is mainly contaminated by PAHs whereas the Ichkeul lake is mainly by OCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fida Ben Salem
- Laboratoire de Biosurveillance de l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia
- Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie - IPREM UMR 5254 CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Pau, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, IPREM UMR 5254 CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Pau, France
| | - Olfa Ben Said
- Laboratoire de Biosurveillance de l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia
- Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie - IPREM UMR 5254 CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Pau, France
| | - Robert Duran
- Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie - IPREM UMR 5254 CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Pau, France
| | - Mathilde Monperrus
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, IPREM UMR 5254 CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Pau, France.
- UFR Sciences et Techniques de la Côte Basque Allée du Parc Montaury, 64600, Anglet, France.
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21
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Fabrication of β-cyclodextrin/graphene/1,10-diaminodecane composite on glassy carbon electrode and impedimetric method for Di(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate determination. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Pee GY, Na S, Wei Z, Weavers LK. Increasing the bioaccessibility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment using ultrasound. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 122:265-272. [PMID: 25532768 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of sonication on the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the bioaccessible and less bioaccessible fractions of three contaminated sediments (Little Scioto River, OH-LS; Gary, IN-GI; Eagle Harbor, WA-EH) was examined. After 60min sonication, the fractions of naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene remaining in the LS sediment were 0.76±0.18, 0.83±0.04 and 0.76±0.05, respectively, indicating ultrasonic degradation of PAHs in the sediment. In addition, there was a significant decrease in PAH concentration (i.e., up to 91.4%) in the less bioaccessible fractions for all three sediments with sonication. The bioaccessible fraction of phenanthrene and pyrene in LS and pyrene in EH increased by 12.9%, 48.3% and 27.8%, respectively, followed by a slight decrease due to degradation. The initial increase suggests that ultrasonic irradiation of sediment either transfers the PAHs from the less bioaccessible sites to the bioaccessible sites for treatment or transforms less bioaccessible sites into bioaccessible sites. A comparatively smaller reduction (i.e., 20.2%) in the less bioaccessible fraction in GI sediment is attributed to the larger fraction of black carbon in the organic carbon content of the sediment hindering the ability of ultrasound to switch the PAHs from the less to the more bioaccessible sites. Overall ultrasonic irradiation of contaminated sediments is a technique to enhance contaminant remediation by reducing the fraction of contaminants in less bioaccessible sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gim-Yang Pee
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Seungmin Na
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Zongsu Wei
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Linda K Weavers
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
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23
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Hassanzadeh N, Esmaili Sari A, Khodabandeh S, Bahramifar N. Occurrence and distribution of two phthalate esters in the sediments of the Anzali wetlands on the coast of the Caspian Sea (Iran). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 89:128-135. [PMID: 25455819 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study provides the first data on distribution of phthalate Acid esters (PAEs) in surface sediment samples taken from Anzali Wetland, Iran. These samples were collected from 43 stations. Two PAEs consist of di(2-ethylhexylphthalate) (DEHP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) were detected and the total concentrations of these two pollutants ranged from 0.25 to 43.12, 0.12 to 19.02μgg(-1) dry weight, respectively. Among all the 43 samples analyzed, no sample was found to be free of DEHP and DBP, which indicates these two phthalate esters were ubiquitous in sediments. The concentrations in the near urban regions were higher than other regions because of higher discharge of PAEs from plastic materials in urbanized areas. Concentrations of PAEs were positively correlated with total organic carbon (TOC). Generally the median concentrations of DEHP and DnBP in the sediments were 15 and 14 times higher than the ERL. These results show that the Anzali wetland are highly polluted by major PAE congeners consist of DEHP and DnBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Hassanzadeh
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 46414-356, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Abbas Esmaili Sari
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 46414-356, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran.
| | - Saber Khodabandeh
- Department of Marine Biology, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Nader Bahramifar
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 46414-356, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran
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Wang J, Bo L, Li L, Wang D, Chen G, Christie P, Teng Y. Occurrence of phthalate esters in river sediments in areas with different land use patterns. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 500-501:113-119. [PMID: 25217750 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.08.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are widely used as plasticizers in both industrial and commercial products and have aroused considerable concern over their widespread distribution and potentially hazardous impacts on the environment. The present study investigated the distribution (concentrations at different sites) of PAEs in typical riverine sediments in southern Jiangsu Province and its relationship with the physical and chemical properties of the sediments. PAEs were detected in all 34 sediment samples analyzed, and the total concentrations of the six priority control PAEs in sediments ranged from 2.3 to 80.1 mg kg(-1) with a mean concentration of 13.2 ± 14.7 mg kg(-1). Land use significantly (p<0.05) influenced the PAE concentrations in the river sediments. The average PAE concentrations in mixed industrial and commercial districts were 27.8 ± 18.2 mg kg(-1), three and eight times higher than those in suburban areas (8.8 ± 3.7 mg kg(-1)) and an agricultural field (3.4 ± 0.9 mg kg(-1)), respectively. The concentrations of PAEs showed significant linear positive correlations with sediment organic matter and phosphorus but no significant correlation with sediment pH. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) were the dominant PAE compounds present in all examined sediment samples. These PAEs have relatively high ecotoxicology, but the potential risk of their transfer to the food chain needs further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Chongqing Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Luji Bo
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lina Li
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dejian Wang
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Gangcai Chen
- Chongqing Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Peter Christie
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ying Teng
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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Domínguez-Morueco N, González-Alonso S, Valcárcel Y. Phthalate occurrence in rivers and tap water from central Spain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 500-501:139-146. [PMID: 25217752 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.08.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the presence and concentrations of the main phthalates in water from the Jarama and Manzanares rivers in the region of Madrid (RM, Central Spain), the most densely populated region of Spain, and to determine the possible oestrogenic activity based on found phthalate concentration. The presence of phthalates in major supply drinking water areas of the RM was also analysed, thus allowing a preliminary assessment of the health risks resulting from the concentrations obtained. The results of this study show the presence of the three (dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP) di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP)) of five phthalates studied (dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), benzyl-butyl phthalate (BBP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP)). The DBP was found in both river and tap water samplers, whereas DMP and DEP were found in only drinking water samples. The DBP was found to make the highest average contribution to pollution in both river and tap water. The DEHP was not found in both the river and tap water because it is one of the most regulated phthalates. The highest phthalate contamination was found in the Manzanares river and in those areas that receive treated water from the Tagus river. The phthalates found in river and tap water in the RM do not represent a potential oestrogenic risk for the aquatic environment or humans. A preliminary risk assessment suggested that the risk of exposure to phthalates from tap water in this study is acceptable, although continuous monitoring of the presence of these substances in both drinking and river water should be undertaken to detect possible increases in their concentrations. This is the first study to analyse the presence of phthalates in both rivers and drinking water of the centre of Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Domínguez-Morueco
- Research Group in Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology (ToxAmb), Rey Juan Carlos University, Spain.
| | - S González-Alonso
- Research Group in Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology (ToxAmb), Rey Juan Carlos University, Spain
| | - Y Valcárcel
- Research Group in Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology (ToxAmb), Rey Juan Carlos University, Spain; Departments of Medicine and Cirugy, Psychology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Immunology Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Spain.
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Jörundsdóttir HÓ, Jensen S, Hylland K, Holth TF, Gunnlaugsdóttir H, Svavarsson J, Olafsdóttir Á, El-Taliawy H, Rigét F, Strand J, Nyberg E, Bignert A, Hoydal KS, Halldórsson HP. Pristine Arctic: background mapping of PAHs, PAH metabolites and inorganic trace elements in the North-Atlantic Arctic and sub-Arctic coastal environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 493:719-728. [PMID: 24995638 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
As the ice cap of the Arctic diminishes due to global warming, the polar sailing route will be open larger parts of the year. These changes are likely to increase the pollution load on the pristine Arctic due to large vessel traffic from specific contaminant groups, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A well-documented baseline for PAH concentrations in the biota in the remote regions of the Nordic Seas and the sub-Arctic is currently limited, but will be vital in order to assess future changes in PAH contamination in the region. Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) were collected from remote sites in Greenland, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Norway and Sweden as well as from urban sites in the same countries for comparison. Cod (Gadus morhua) was caught north of Iceland and along the Norwegian coast. Sixteen priority PAH congeners and the inorganic trace elements arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead were analysed in the blue mussel samples as well as PAH metabolites in cod bile. Σ16PAHs ranged from 28 ng/g dry weight (d.w.) (Álftafjörður, NW Iceland) to 480 ng/g d.w. (Ísafjörður, NW Iceland). Mussel samples from Mjóifjörður, East Iceland and Maarmorilik, West Greenland, contained elevated levels of Σ16PAHs, 370 and 280 ng/g d.w., respectively. Levels of inorganic trace elements varied with highest levels of arsenic in mussels from Ísafjörður, Iceland (79 ng/g d.w.), cadmium in mussels from Mjóifjörður, Iceland (4.3 ng/g d.w.), mercury in mussels from Sørenfjorden, Norway (0.23 ng/g d.w.) and lead in mussels from Maarmorilik, Greenland (21 ng/g d.w.). 1-OH-pyrene was only found above limits of quantification (0.5 ng/mL) in samples from the Norwegian coast, ranging between 44 and 140 ng/ml bile. Generally, PAH levels were low in mussels from the remote sites investigated in the study, which indicates limited current effect on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophie Jensen
- Matis Ltd., Icelandic Food and Biotech R&D, Vinlandsleid 12, 113 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ketil Hylland
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tor Fredrik Holth
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Jörundur Svavarsson
- University of Iceland, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Askja - Natural Science Building, Sturlugata 7, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Ásdís Olafsdóttir
- The University of Iceland´s Research Centre in Sudurnes, Gardvegi 1, 245 Sandgerdi, Iceland
| | - Haitham El-Taliawy
- Matis Ltd., Icelandic Food and Biotech R&D, Vinlandsleid 12, 113 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Frank Rigét
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jakob Strand
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Elisabeth Nyberg
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Bignert
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katrin S Hoydal
- The Faroese Environment Agency, Traðagøta 38, P.O. Box 2048, FO-165 Argir, the Faroe Islands
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Luo X, Zhang F, Ji S, Yang B, Liang X. Graphene nanoplatelets as a highly efficient solid-phase extraction sorbent for determination of phthalate esters in aqueous solution. Talanta 2014; 120:71-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.11.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2013] [Revised: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Oh MS, Lee SH, Moon MH, Lee DS, Park HM. Simultaneous analysis of phthalates, adipate and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in edible oils using isotope dilution-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2014; 7:168-75. [PMID: 25029399 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2013.869770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A method for simultaneous determination of 12 priority phthalates, adipate and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in edible oils by isotope dilution-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (ID-GC-MS) was developed for fast, accurate and trace analysis. The extraction and clean-up procedures were optimised, and using stable isotope-labelled internal standards for each analyte, relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.92-10.6% and spiked sample recoveries of 80.6-97.8% were obtained. Limits of detection for PAHs were in the range of 0.15-0.77 µg/kg and those for phthalates were in the range of 4.6-10.0 µg/kg. The calibration curves exhibited good linearities with regression coefficients of R(2) ≥ 0.99. Twelve edible oils were examined to evaluate the efficiency of this method. Among the 12 analytes, dibutyl phthalates (DBP), diethylhexyl phthalates (DEHP), diethylhexyl adipate (DEHA), benzo[a]anthracene (B[a]A), chrysene (Chry) and benzo[b]fluoranthene (B[b]F) were detected in the range of 1.17-806 µg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seok Oh
- a Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Bizkarguenaga E, Iparragirre A, Zabaleta I, Vallejo A, Fernández LA, Prieto A, Zuloaga O. Focused ultrasound assisted extraction for the determination of PBDEs in vegetables and amended soil. Talanta 2014; 119:53-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Vidal-Liñán L, Bellas J, Etxebarria N, Nieto O, Beiras R. Glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase and acetylcholinesterase activities in mussels transplanted to harbour areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 470-471:107-116. [PMID: 24140687 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
As part of an integrative monitoring campaign involving water and sediment chemistry, in situ bioassays, and mussel bioaccumulation and biomarkers, Mytilus galloprovincialis mussels of standard size were transplanted from a clean location to five sites in two important harbours from the Atlantic coast of Spain (Vigo and Pasaia). After a 30-day field exposure, the concentrations of major contaminants (trace metals, polychlorinated biphenyls and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) accumulated in mussel tissues were measured at each site, and a mussel bioaccumulation index (MBI) was calculated. The enzymatic activity levels of glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were quantified in the gills of transplanted mussels (n=12). Mussels from the most polluted sites consistently exhibited significantly higher GST and GPx activities compared to the control site, whereas AChE activity was significantly inhibited. The responses of the GST and GPx activities were related to MBI, trace metals and PAH concentrations in mussels, whereas AChE activity was related to the trace metals concentrations in mussels. The above results suggest that GST and AChE activities can be used as potential biomarkers for active monitoring in marine coastal ecosystems. However, at this moment, GPx activity is not robust enough to be applicable to harbour areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vidal-Liñán
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Universitario de Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
| | - J Bellas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, E-36200 Vigo, Spain
| | - N Etxebarria
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Fac. Ciencias & Tecnología, EHU/UPV, Bilbao, P.O. Box 644, E-48080, Spain
| | - O Nieto
- Departamento de Quimica Analitica e Alimentaria, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Universitario de Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - R Beiras
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Universitario de Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
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Identification and quantification of 14 phthalates and 5 non-phthalate plasticizers in PVC medical devices by GC-MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 949-950:99-108. [PMID: 24480330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A GC/MS method was developed for the identification and quantification of 14 phthalates: 8 phthalates classified H360 (DBP, DEHP, BBP, DMEP, DnPP, DiPP, DPP and DiBP), 3 phthalates proposed to be forbidden in medical devices (DnOP, DiNP and DiDP) and 3 other phthalates none regulated (DMP, DCHP and DEP) which may interfere with hormone function. In order to identify and quantify other plasticizers that are commonly used in PVC medical devices such as DEHP substitute, 5 non-phthalate plasticizers (ATBC, DEHA, DEHT, TOTM, and DINCH) were included in this study. Analyses are carried out on a GC/MS system with electron impact ionization mode (EI). The separation of plasticizers is obtained on a cross-linked 5%-phenyl/95%-dimethylpolysiloxane capillary column 30m×0.25mm (i.d.)×0.25μm film thickness using a gradient temperature. Compounds quantification is performed by external calibration using an internal standard. Validation elements on standard solutions were determined using the ISO 12787 standard approach. Plasticizers are extracted from PVC medical devices using THF for dissolving the PVC part of the sample followed by precipitation of the PVC by addition of ethanol. The supernatant is injected into a GC/MS system after dilution in ethanol. Different validation elements, including extraction recoveries for all compounds or for DEHP a cross-validation of the extraction process using the European pharmacopoeia monograph 3.1.14 as reference method, are discussed. Results obtained on 61 medical devices in PVC and 12 raw materials used as plasticizers are given.
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Marigómez I, Zorita I, Izagirre U, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M, Navarro P, Etxebarria N, Orbea A, Soto M, Cajaraville MP. Combined use of native and caged mussels to assess biological effects of pollution through the integrative biomarker approach. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 136-137:32-48. [PMID: 23643723 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Native and caged mussels were used in combination for the monitoring of pollution biological effects through an integrative biomarker approach. Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were deployed in cages in two well-known model localities with different pollution levels in the Basque coast. After 3 weeks caged and native mussels were collected from each site and a suite of effect and exposure biomarkers (from molecular/cellular to organism level) was applied and chemical contaminants (metals, PAHs, PCBs, phthalates and nonylphenol ethoxylates) were analytically determined. Integrative biomarker indices and pollutant indices of tissues were calculated. Several biomarkers used herein responded similarly in native and caged mussels, whereas others exhibited significant differences. Overall, biomarkers in-a-suite depicted site-specific profiles useful for the diagnostic of mussel health status and therefore for ecosystem health assessment in marine pollution biomonitoring. On the other hand, biomarkers and bioaccumulation exhibited different response times, which was especially evident when comparing biomarker and pollutant indices of tissues. The suite of biomarkers was more sensitive after caging (short-term response), whereas tissue pollutant concentrations were more sensitive in native mussels (long-term response). Thus, the combination of native and caged mussels is highly recommended to monitor biological effects of pollution in mussels through the integrative biomarker approach, especially in chronically polluted sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionan Marigómez
- CBET Res Grp, Res Ctr Experimental Marine Biology & Biotechnology (PIE) & Zoology & Cell Biology Dept. (Science and Technology Fac.), Univ Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain.
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Montero N, Belzunce-Segarra MJ, Gonzalez JL, Menchaca I, Garmendia JM, Etxebarria N, Nieto O, Franco J. Application of Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) procedures for the characterization and management of dredged harbor sediments. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2013; 71:259-268. [PMID: 23465571 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study refers to the performance of Phase I Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) procedures to identify the contaminants (i.e. organic compounds, metals and ammonia) exerting toxicity in marine sediments from the Pasaia harbor (Oiartzun estuary, northern Spain). The effectiveness of the manipulations to reduce toxicity was proved with the marine amphipod survival test (whole-sediment) and the sea urchin embryo-larval assay (elutriates). By means of TIEs it was concluded that organic compounds were the major contaminants exerting toxicity, although toxic effects by metals was also demonstrated. Additionally, the combination of Phase I treatments allowed to investigate the toxicity changes associated to the mobility of contaminants during dredging activities. Therefore, the performance of TIE procedures as another line of evidence in the decision-making process is recommended. They show a great potential to be implemented at different steps of the characterization and management of dredged harbor sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Montero
- Marine Research Division, AZTI-Tecnalia, Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g, 20110 Pasaia, Spain.
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Analytical methodologies for the determination of endocrine disrupting compounds in biological and environmental samples. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:674838. [PMID: 23738329 PMCID: PMC3662172 DOI: 10.1155/2013/674838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine-disruptor compounds (EDCs) can mimic natural hormones and produce adverse effects in the endocrine functions by interacting with estrogen receptors. EDCs include both natural and synthetic chemicals, such as hormones, personal care products, surfactants, and flame retardants, among others. EDCs are characterised by their ubiquitous presence at trace-level concentrations and their wide diversity. Since the discovery of the adverse effects of these pollutants on wildlife and human health, analytical methods have been developed for their qualitative and quantitative determination. In particular, mass-based analytical methods show excellent sensitivity and precision for their quantification. This paper reviews recently published analytical methodologies for the sample preparation and for the determination of these compounds in different environmental and biological matrices by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The various sample preparation techniques are compared and discussed. In addition, recent developments and advances in this field are presented.
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Prieto-Taboada N, Ibarrondo I, Gómez-Laserna O, Martinez-Arkarazo I, Olazabal MA, Madariaga JM. Buildings as repositories of hazardous pollutants of anthropogenic origin. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 248-249:451-460. [PMID: 23416873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present work the pollutant content of diverse building materials was evaluated by the combination of spectrometric and chromatographic techniques. A first non-destructive analysis carried out by μ-XRF and Raman spectroscopy revealed a high impact of pollutants, which reached depths higher than 6mm. The quantitative analyses pointed out that black crust as accumulation nucleus where concentration values up to 3408 mg/kg of lead, 752 mg/kg of chromium or 220 mg/kg of arsenic, high amounts of diverse sulphates and nitrates as well as substantial amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of a clear pyrolytic source were determined. On the other hand, samples without black crust showed also a surprising soluble salt content up to 5%. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) were found to be absent in all material types. The chemometric analysis of the quantitative results revealed that the accumulation capacity and the subsequent pollutant content depends on the type of construction materials, being mortars the most susceptible.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Prieto-Taboada
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
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Guo L, Lee HK. Microwave assisted extraction combined with solvent bar microextraction for one-step solvent-minimized extraction, cleanup and preconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil samples. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1286:9-15. [PMID: 23497848 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, a novel one-step sample preparation method that combines microwave assisted extraction and solvent bar microextraction (MAE-SBME) with analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), was developed for the fast and efficient determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environmental soil samples. An interesting feature of the new procedure is that SBME was conducted simultaneously with MAE. Thus, the extract from the SBME could be directly and immediately analyzed by GC-MS. A separate clean up and/or preconcentration process, such as time-consuming and tedious gel permeation chromatography, solid-phase extraction, filtration, or adsorption chromatography, normally associated with conventional MAE, was not necessary. It is also notable that the procedure was environmentally benign since water was used as the extraction solvent in MAE, and only several microliters of organic solvent were used in SBME. Some factors affecting the extraction were studied and optimized. Under the most favorable conditions, the method showed good linearities (between 0.2 and 500, 0.5 and 500, 1 and 500, and 2 and 500 ng/g, depending on the analytes), low limits of detection (from 0.03 to 0.25 ng/g), and satisfactory precision (with relative standard deviations below 9.8%). The MAE-SBME procedure provides a fast and simple sample preparation approach for the processing of environmental soil samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Guo
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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37
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Montero N, Belzunce-Segarra MJ, Menchaca I, Garmendia JM, Franco J, Nieto O, Etxebarria N. Integrative sediment assessment at Atlantic Spanish harbours by means of chemical and ecotoxicological tools. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2013; 185:1305-1318. [PMID: 22544172 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-012-2633-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study refers to the integrative assessment of sediment quality in three harbour areas at the Spanish Atlantic Coast: Vigo (Northwestern Spain), Bilbao and Pasajes (Northern Spain). At each site, two lines of evidence have been considered: chemical analyses (metal, PAH and PCB concentrations in sediments and ammonia concentration in bioassays) and toxicity tests (Microtox®, Corophium sp. marine amphipod and Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin larvae). Chemical and ecotoxicological results have been integrated by means of a tabular matrix and a multivariate factorial analysis (FA). Highly toxic samples have been characterised in Vigo and Pasajes harbours while Bilbao samples present toxicity levels ranging from non-toxic to moderately toxic. High toxicity is associated with high levels of contaminants whereas confounding factors (ammonia, organic matter and mud) have been identified to be the main cause of low to moderate toxicity. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that deriving potential toxicity of sediments based on comparison with Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) is in agreement to toxicity results in areas presenting high levels of contaminants. However, at lower levels of toxicity (low to moderate), the mismatch between the potential toxicity (SQG approach) and the toxicity measured by bioassays is greater, as the former only accounts for chemical concentrations, without considering the interaction between contaminants and the effect of confounding factors. Contrarily, the multivariate analysis seems to be a robust tool for the integration and interpretation of different lines of evidence in areas affected by different sources of contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Montero
- Marine Research Division, AZTI-Tecnalia, Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g, 20110 Pasaia, Spain
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Wu X, Hong H, Liu X, Guan W, Meng L, Ye Y, Ma Y. Graphene-dispersive solid-phase extraction of phthalate acid esters from environmental water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 444:224-230. [PMID: 23274241 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a novel carbon nanomaterial with an ultra-high specific surface area. In this paper, we explored graphene as adsorbent for efficient enrichment of 15 phthalate acid esters (PAEs) under different water matrixes (ultrapure water, river and sea). A simple and inexpensive method of dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used and acceptable results were provided for most PAEs with overall average recoveries between 71 and 117%. The extraction conditions such as the amount of graphene, the desorption solvent, adsorption time, desorption time and the solution pH were optimized. Finally, the method was applied for the determination of PAEs in environmental water samples including 9 rivers and 2 seas from 7 areas in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
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Abdel daiem MM, Rivera-Utrilla J, Ocampo-Pérez R, Méndez-Díaz JD, Sánchez-Polo M. Environmental impact of phthalic acid esters and their removal from water and sediments by different technologies--a review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2012; 109:164-78. [PMID: 22796723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the most recent methods developed to remove phthalic acid esters (PAEs) from water, wastewater, sludge, and soil. In general, PAEs are considered to be endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), whose effects may not appear until long after exposure. There are numerous methods for removing PAEs from the environment, including physical, chemical and biological treatments, advanced oxidation processes and combinations of these techniques. This review largely focuses on the treatment of PAEs in aqueous solutions but also reports on their treatment in soil and sludge, as well as their effects on human health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Abdel daiem
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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Gaga EO, Ari A, Döğeroğlu T, Çakırca EE, Machin NE. Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an industrialized city, Kocaeli, Turkey: study of seasonal variations, influence of meteorological parameters and health risk estimation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 14:2219-29. [PMID: 22699796 DOI: 10.1039/c2em30118k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ambient gas and particle phase samples were collected during two sampling periods from a residential area of an industrialized city, Kocaeli, Turkey. The sampling occurred during winter months when structures were being heated, and summer months when structures were not being heated. Σ(13)PAH (gas + particle) concentrations ranged between 6.2 ng m(-3) (DahA) and 98.6 ng m(-3) (Phe) in the heating (winter) period and 3.0 ng m(-3) (BaA) and 35.1 ng m(-3) (Phe) in the non-heating (summer) period. Phe, Flt and Pyr were found to be at high concentrations in both sampling periods. Winter time to summer time concentration ratios for individual ambient PAH concentration ratios ranged between 1.2 (DahA) and 17.5 (Flu), indicating the effect of the emissions from residential heating on measured concentrations of PAHs, but great industrial plants and the only incinerator facility of Turkey are other important pollution sources around the city. Temperature dependence of gas phase PAHs was investigated using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. A high slope obtained (5069.7) indicated the effect of the local sources on measured gas phase PAHs. Correlation of the supercooled vapor pressure (P) with the gas particle partitioning coefficient (K(p)) and particle phase fraction was also evaluated. The relationship between the meteorological parameters and individual PAH (gas + particle) concentrations was investigated further by multiple linear regression analysis. It was found that the temperature had a significant effect on all of the measured PAH concentrations, while the effects of the wind speed and direction were not significant on the individual PAHs. On the other hand, PAH concentrations showed a strong linear relationship with the ventilation coefficient (VC) which showed the influence of local sources on measured PAHs. Benzo[a]pyrene toxic equivalent (BaP(eq.)) concentrations were used for health risk assessment purposes. The winter period risk level (2.92 × 10(-3)) due to the respiratory exposure to PAHs was found to be almost 3 times higher than in the summer period (1.15 × 10(-3)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eftade O Gaga
- Anadolu University, Department of Environmental Engineering, 26470, Eskisehir, Turkey.
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Abstract
AbstractSpreading sewage sludge on agricultural lands has been actively promoted by national authorities as an economic way of recycling. However, as by-product of wastewater treatment, sewage sludge may contain toxic substances, which could be incorporated into agricultural products or be distributed in the environment. Moreover, sediments can be contaminated by the discharge of wastewater effluents into rivers. This article reviews the determination of emerging contaminants (surfactants, flame retardants, pharmaceuticals and personal care products) in environmental solid samples (sludge, soil and sediment). Sample preparation, including extraction and clean-up, as well as the subsequent instrumental determination of contaminants are discussed. Recent applications of extraction techniques, such as Soxhlet extraction, ultrasound assisted extraction, pressurised liquid extraction, microwave assisted extraction and matrix solid-phase dispersion to the analysis of emerging contaminants in environmental solid samples are reviewed. Determination of these contaminants, generally carried out by gas chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled with different detectors, especially mass spectrometry for the identification and quantification of residues, is also summarised and discussed.
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Olkowska E, Polkowska Ż, Namieśnik J. Analytical procedures for the determination of surfactants in environmental samples. Talanta 2012; 88:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zhou X, Shao X, Shu JJ, Liu MM, Liu HL, Feng XH, Liu F. Thermally stable ionic liquid-based sol–gel coating for ultrasonic extraction–solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography determination of phthalate esters in agricultural plastic films. Talanta 2012; 89:129-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Olkowska E, Polkowska Ż, Namieśnik J. Analytics of Surfactants in the Environment: Problems and Challenges. Chem Rev 2011; 111:5667-700. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100107g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Olkowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT), ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland,
| | - Żaneta Polkowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT), ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland,
| | - Jacek Namieśnik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT), ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland,
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Morozova VS, Eremin SA, Nesterenko PN, Klyuev NA, Shelepchikov AA, Kubrakova IV. Microwave and ultrasonic extraction of chlorophenoxy acids from soil and their determination by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934808020044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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46
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Lee MR, Lai FY, Dou J, Lin KL, Chung LW. Determination of Trace Leaching Phthalate Esters in Water and Urine from Plastic Containers by Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. ANAL LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00032711003783077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maw-Rong Lee
- a Department of Chemistry , National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Feng-Ying Lai
- a Department of Chemistry , National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Jianpeng Dou
- a Department of Chemistry , National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan
- b College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Keh-Liang Lin
- c School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Chung
- a Department of Chemistry , National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan
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Garmendia L, Soto M, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M, Orbea A, Cajaraville MP, Marigómez I. Application of a battery of biomarkers in mussel digestive gland to assess long-term effects of the Prestige oil spill in Galicia and Bay of Biscay: Correlation and multivariate analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 13:933-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c0em00704h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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48
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Determination of alkylphenols and 17β-estradiol in fish homogenate. Extraction and clean-up strategies. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:5890-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Revised: 07/12/2010] [Accepted: 07/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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49
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Bartolomé L, Etxebarria N, Martínez-Arkarazo I, Raposo JC, Usobiaga A, Zuloaga O, Raingeard D, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M, Cajaraville MP. Distribution of organic microcontaminants, butyltins, and metals in mussels from the Estuary of Bilbao. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2010; 59:244-254. [PMID: 20101400 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-009-9458-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mussels are used as bioindicators of chemical pollution in coastal and estuarine waters. We measured the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), phthalate esters (PEs), butyltins, and metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) in mussel tissues collected from the lower Bilbao estuary (Arriluze, north of Spain) every 2 months from November 2002 to March 2004. The concentration (microg g(-1) dry weight) of PAHs, PCBs, and PEs ranged from 5.1 to 18.3, from 0.04 to 0.2, and from 1.5 to 27.6, respectively. Temporal pattern variations, including maximum and minimum values, were determined for metals and BTs from their concentration profiles during a period of 1 year. The main feature of organic microcontaminants was relatively high concentration values, reflecting the overall industrial and harbour activities of the site. Moreover, the ratios of methylated species and certain other diagnostic ratios suggested a petrogenic origin for PAHs. Finally, the relations among the concentrations found in mussel tissues and the levels of several cell biomarkers were established by a partial least squares model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Bartolomé
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 48080, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain.
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Microwave-assisted extraction: Application to the determination of emerging pollutants in solid samples. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:2390-414. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2009] [Revised: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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