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Tunç S, Altuntaş ŞL, Atmaca M, Çakıcı Ç, Yiğitbaşı T, Liou YC, Chang WA. The effect of low-level laser therapy on the oxidative stress level and quality of life in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Free Radic Res 2024; 58:249-260. [PMID: 38628043 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2024.2339892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) combined with levothyroxine replacement therapy on thyroid function, oxidative stress (OS), and quality of life in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Forty-six patients diagnosed with HT were randomized to receive active LLLT (n = 23) and sham LLLT (n = 23) twice a week for three weeks. Clinical and laboratory evaluations of the participants were performed before treatment and three months after treatment. Biochemical parameters were taken from the patient file requested by the physician as a routine examination. Malondialdehyde and nitricoxide indicating oxidant stress and superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione, which indicate antioxidant capacity, were used in OS evaluation. The Oxidative Stress Index was calculated by measuring the Total Antioxidant Status and the Total Oxidant Status. At the end of our study, a significant improvement in oxidant and antioxidant biomarker levels showing OS and quality of life was observed in the treatment groups (p < 0.05). There was no change in thyroid function and autoimmunity at the end of the treatment between the two groups (p > 0.05). Improvements in glutathione levels and quality of life were significantly higher in the active treatment group than in the sham-controlled group. LLLT was found to be more effective on OS and quality of life in patients with HT than in patients in the sham-controlled group. It was concluded that LLLT is a safe and effective method that can be used in the treatment of patients with HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sümeyye Tunç
- Physiotherapy Programme, Department of Therapy and Rehabilitation, IMU Vocational School, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Şükriye Leyla Altuntaş
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Atmaca
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Çağrı Çakıcı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Kavacık, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Türkan Yiğitbaşı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yeong-Cheng Liou
- Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, and Research Center of Nonlinear Analysis and Optimization, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-An Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Zeber-Lubecka N, Kulecka M, Suchta K, Dąbrowska M, Ciebiera M, Hennig EE. Association of Mitochondrial Variants with the Joint Occurrence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1983. [PMID: 38001836 PMCID: PMC10669137 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is higher than in the general female population, but the factors predisposing to the coexistence of these disorders remain unclear. This study employed whole genome sequencing of mitochondrial DNA to identify genetic variants potentially associated with the development of PCOS and HT and predisposing to their joint occurrence. RESULTS A total of 84 women participated, including patients with PCOS, HT, coexisting PCOS and HT (PCOS + HT) and healthy women. Both Fisher's exact and Mann-Whitney U statistical analyses were performed to compare the frequency of variants between groups. Ten differentiating variants were common to both analyses in PCOS + HT vs. PCOS, one in PCOS + HT vs. HT, and six in PCOS + HT vs. control. Several variants differentiating the PCOS + HT group from PCOS and controls were identified, located both in the mitochondrial genes (including the MT-CYB, MT-ND1, MT-ND2, MT-ND4, MT-ND6, MT-CO1, MT-CO3) and the D-loop region. Only two variants differentiated PCOS + HT and HT groups. One variant (13237a in MT-ND5) was common for all three comparisons and underrepresented in the PCOS + HT group. Functional enrichment analysis showed 10 pathways that were unique for the comparison of PCOS + HT and PCOS groups, especially related to ATP production and oxidative phosphorylation, and one pathway, the NADH-quinone oxidoreductase, chain M/4, that was unique for the comparison of PCOS + HT and control groups. Notably, nine pathways shared commonality between PCOS + HT vs. PCOS and PCOS + HT vs. control, related to the biogenesis and assembly of Complex I. CONCLUSION This study provides novel insights into the genetic variants associated with oxidative stress in women with coexisting PCOS and HT. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress appear to play a role in the pathogenesis of both conditions. However, more mitochondrial variants were found to differentiate women with both PCOS and HT from those with PCOS alone than from those with HT alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Zeber-Lubecka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (N.Z.-L.); (M.K.)
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Maria Kulecka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (N.Z.-L.); (M.K.)
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Suchta
- Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Michalina Dąbrowska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland;
- Warsaw Institute of Women’s Health, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa E. Hennig
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (N.Z.-L.); (M.K.)
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland;
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Zirilli A, Ruggeri RM, Barbalace MC, Hrelia S, Giovanella L, Campennì A, Cannavò S, Alibrandi A. The Influence of Food Regimes on Oxidative Stress: A Permutation-Based Approach Using the NPC Test. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2263. [PMID: 37628461 PMCID: PMC10454221 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: This paper aims to assess the existence of significant differences between two dietary regimes (omnivorous vs. semi-vegetarian) with reference to some oxidative stress markers (SOD, GPx, TRxR, GR, AGEs, and AOPPs) using non-parametric combination methodology based on a permutation test. (2) Methods: At the endocrinology unit of Messina University Hospital, two hundred subjects were asked to fill out a questionnaire about their dietary habits. None were under any pharmacological treatment. Using the NPC test, all comparisons were performed stratifying patients according to gender, age (≤40 or >40 years), BMI (normal weight vs. overweight), physical activity (sedentary vs. active lifestyle), TSH, FT4 levels in quartiles, and diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. We evaluated differences in oxidative stress parameters in relation to two examined dietary regimes (omnivorous vs. semi-vegetarian). (3) Results: The antioxidant parameters GPx and TRxR were significantly lower in subjects with an omnivorous diet than in semi-vegetarians, particularly in females, both age groups, subjects with normal weight, those not affected by Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and both the sedentary and active lifestyle groups. Finally, the AGE and AOPP markers were significantly lower in semi-vegetarians. (4) Conclusion: Thanks to the NPC methodology, we can state that dietary patterns exert a significant influence on some oxidative stress parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zirilli
- Department of Economics, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Rosaria Maddalena Ruggeri
- Department of Human Pathology of Adults and Developmental Age “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (R.M.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Maria Cristina Barbalace
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.C.B.); (S.H.)
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.C.B.); (S.H.)
| | - Luca Giovanella
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alfredo Campennì
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Cannavò
- Department of Human Pathology of Adults and Developmental Age “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (R.M.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Angela Alibrandi
- Department of Economics, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
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Batóg G, Dołoto A, Bąk E, Piątkowska-Chmiel I, Krawiec P, Pac-Kożuchowska E, Herbet M. The interplay of oxidative stress and immune dysfunction in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1211231. [PMID: 37588599 PMCID: PMC10426741 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1211231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the concomitant incidence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), both in terms of incidence, etiology, and clinical consequences. PCOS patients suffering from autoimmune thyroid diseases show insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, weight gain, and metabolic and reproductive complications. Studies have shown that chronic stress and its consequence, i.e. oxidative stress, play an important role in the pathomechanism of both disorders. It has also been shown that long-term exposure to stress triggers biological mechanisms, in particular related to the regulation of the inflammatory cascade, which plays a key role in autoimmune diseases. The paper is a review of the literature on the role of chronic stress, oxidative stress, and immune processes in the pathogenesis of HT and PCOS. In addition, the review is a source of knowledge about the treatment of these diseases, and in particular the use of antioxidants in therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Batóg
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Dołoto
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewelina Bąk
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Iwona Piątkowska-Chmiel
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Paulina Krawiec
- Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Mariola Herbet
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Arostegui LGG, Prieto AM, Marín LP, López GG, Tvarijonaviciute A, Madrigal JJC, Rubio CP. Changes in biomarkers of redox status in serum and saliva of dogs with hypothyroidism. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:33. [PMID: 36732758 PMCID: PMC9896751 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypothyroidism is the most common endocrine disorder diagnosed in dogs, leading to deleterious effects on a dog's life quality. This study aims to evaluate changes in the redox status in canine hypothyroidism. For this purpose, a comprehensive panel of antioxidants and oxidants biomarkers were measured in serum and saliva of 23 dogs with hypothyroidism, 21 dogs with non-thyroidal illness, and 16 healthy dogs. Among the antioxidants, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), thiol, paraoxonase type 1 (PON-1) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined in serum and CUPRAC, ferric reducing ability of saliva (FRAS) and TEAC in saliva. The oxidant biomarkers included were total oxidant status (TOS), peroxide-activity (POX-Act), reactive oxygen-derived compounds (d-ROMs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in serum and AOPP and TBARS in saliva. RESULTS Results showed a significantly higher TEAC, PON-1, GPx, TOS, POX-Act, and d-ROMs, and a significantly lower AOPP in serum of dogs with hypothyroidism. Meanwhile, significantly lower FRAS and AOPP were observed in saliva of dogs with hypothyroidism. Once salivary concentrations were corrected based on their total protein concentrations, the only analyte showing significant changes was TBARS which was significantly higher in dogs with hypothyroidism. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that dogs with hypothyroidism present alterations in the redox status in both serum and saliva. This study should be considered a preliminary study and further research addressing these changes should be made using larger populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis G. González Arostegui
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Espinardo Spain
| | - Alberto Muñoz Prieto
- grid.4808.40000 0001 0657 4636Clinic for Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 1000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Luis Pardo Marín
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Espinardo Spain
| | - Gregorio García López
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Espinardo Spain
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Espinardo Spain
| | - Jose Joaquín Cerón Madrigal
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Espinardo Spain
| | - Camila Peres Rubio
- grid.7080.f0000 0001 2296 0625Department of Animal and Food Science, School of Veterinary Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Macvanin MT, Gluvic Z, Zafirovic S, Gao X, Essack M, Isenovic ER. The protective role of nutritional antioxidants against oxidative stress in thyroid disorders. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 13:1092837. [PMID: 36686463 PMCID: PMC9846570 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1092837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An imbalance between pro-oxidative and antioxidative cellular mechanisms is oxidative stress (OxS) which may be systemic or organ-specific. Although OxS is a consequence of normal body and organ physiology, severely impaired oxidative homeostasis results in DNA hydroxylation, protein denaturation, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis, ultimately compromising cells' function and viability. The thyroid gland is an organ that exhibits both oxidative and antioxidative processes. In terms of OxS severity, the thyroid gland's response could be physiological (i.e. hormone production and secretion) or pathological (i.e. development of diseases, such as goitre, thyroid cancer, or thyroiditis). Protective nutritional antioxidants may benefit defensive antioxidative systems in resolving pro-oxidative dominance and redox imbalance, preventing or delaying chronic thyroid diseases. This review provides information on nutritional antioxidants and their protective roles against impaired redox homeostasis in various thyroid pathologies. We also review novel findings related to the connection between the thyroid gland and gut microbiome and analyze the effects of probiotics with antioxidant properties on thyroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana T. Macvanin
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Gluvic
- Clinic for Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Zemun Clinical Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Zafirovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Xin Gao
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Computer Science Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magbubah Essack
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Computer Science Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esma R. Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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da Silva GB, Yamauchi MA, Bagatini MD. Oxidative stress in Hashimoto's thyroiditis: possible adjuvant therapies to attenuate deleterious effects. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 478:949-966. [PMID: 36168075 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04564-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A number of studies have shown that oxidative stress is related to the pathogenesis of several immunological diseases, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), although there is no plausible mechanism to explain it. Thus, we aimed at hypothesizing and providing some possible mechanisms linking oxidative stress to autoimmunity aspects and its implications for HT, as well as adjuvant therapeutic proposals to mitigate the deleterious effects. Our hypothesis is that deficient eating habits, autoimmune regulator gene predisposing gene, dysbiosis and molecular mimicry, unfolded proteins and stress in the endoplasmic reticulum, and thymus involution appear to be the main potential factors leading to HT oxidative stress. Likewise, we show that the use of minerals selenium and zinc, vitamins D and C, as well as probiotics, can be interesting adjuvant therapies for the control of oxidative damage and poor prognosis of HT. Further clinical trials are needed to understand the real beneficial and side effects of these supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilnei Bruno da Silva
- Post Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, 89815-899, Brazil
| | - Milena Ayumi Yamauchi
- Post Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, 89815-899, Brazil
| | - Margarete Dulce Bagatini
- Post Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, 89815-899, Brazil.
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8
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Li Q, Yang W, Li J, Shan Z. Emerging trends and hot spots in autoimmune thyroiditis research from 2000 to 2022: A bibliometric analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:953465. [PMID: 36032148 PMCID: PMC9402901 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.953465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is the most common autoimmune disease, affecting 3-5% patients worldwide. In recent years, approximately 200 articles on AIT have been published annually in various journals. However, to date, no article has systematically assessed the related literature. Therefore, we conducted a bibliometric analysis on AIT to reveal the dynamic scientific developments and help researchers gain a global perspective while exploring the hotspots and development trends. Methods AIT-related articles and reviews from 2000 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The following search terms were used to extract document data: TS= (“ autoimmune thyroiditi*”) OR TI= (“chronic lymphocytic thyroiditi*”) OR TI=(hashimoto*) OR TI= (“postpartum thyroiditis”). We selected articles and reviews published in English from 2000 to 2022. Three software programs (VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Pajek) were employed to analyze the contribution and co-occurrence relationships of different references, countries/regions, institutes, journals and also keywords in this field. Results This scientometric study included 2290 English papers published in 723 journals with 39661 co-cited references from 561 institutions in 120 countries/regions. Based on the reference and keyword analysis, researchers used to focus on “apoptosis”, “insulin resistance”, “encephalopathy”, “IFN-γ” related to AIT during the past 20 years. However, with the development of other novel directions such as “papillary thyroid cancer” (2018-2022), “Vitamin D” (2016-2022), “oxidative stress” (2018-2022), “polymorphism” (2019-2022) and “association” (2020-2022), researchers are more interested in the relationship between papillary thyroid carcinoma and AIT, the effect of vitamin D supplementation on AIT, the oxidative stress in thyroid disease as well as the influence of polymorphism. Conclusion Bibliometric analysis of the outputs of AIT shows an overview of the current status of the research on AIT. The associations between papillary thyroid carcinoma, vitamin D, oxidative stress, polymorphism and AIT are major research frontiers. However, further research and collaboration are still required worldwide. Our findings can help researchers grasp the research status of AIT and quickly determine new directions for future research.
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Davcheva DM, Kirova GK, Miteva MZ, Tzvetkova TZ, Orbetzova MM, Nonchev BI, Simitchiev KK, Kmetov VJ. Serum selenium concentration in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2022; 64:443-449. [PMID: 35856106 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.64.e64997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract.
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Metabolic Characteristics of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Patients and the Role of Microelements and Diet in the Disease Management-An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126580. [PMID: 35743024 PMCID: PMC9223845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is the most common autoimmune disease and the leading cause of hypothyroidism, in which damage to the thyroid gland occurs due to the infiltration of lymphocytes. It is characterized by increased levels of antibodies against thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin. In this review, we present the metabolic profile, the effectiveness of micronutrient supplementation and the impact of dietary management in patients with HT. For this current literature review, the databases PubMed, Cochrane, Medline and Embase were reviewed from the last ten years until March 2022. This article provides a comprehensive overview of recent randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and clinical trials. Many patients with HT, even in the euthyroid state, have excess body weight, metabolic disorders, and reduced quality of life. Due to frequent concomitant nutritional deficiencies, the role of vitamin D, iodine, selenium, magnesium, iron and vitamin B12 is currently debated. Several studies have underlined the benefits of vitamin D and selenium supplementation. There is still no specific diet recommended for patients with HT, but a protective effect of an anti-inflammatory diet rich in vitamins and minerals and low in animal foods has been suggested. There is insufficient evidence to support a gluten-free diet for all HT patients. Pharmacotherapy, along with appropriate nutrition and supplementation, are important elements of medical care for patients with HT. The abovementioned factors may decrease autoantibody levels, improve thyroid function, slow down the inflammatory process, maintain proper body weight, relieve symptoms, and prevent nutritional deficiencies and the development of metabolic disorders in patients with HT.
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Mohamed NM, elfatah AHA. Receptor of advanced glycation end product (RAGE) polymorphism and oxidative status in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in Egyptian female patients: case control study. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00311-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the most widespread autoimmune illness targeting a specific organ. "Redox homeostasis" is achieved when the production of Reactive Oxygen Species and their elimination are in balance. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed when glucose and/or α-oxaloaldehydes react non-enzymatically with the amino groups of lipids, proteins, and DNA. Nowadays, many studies are concerned with AGEs, the polymorphisms of their receptors, and their association with increased risk of HT. However, few studies investigated the role of receptors of advanced glycation end product (RAGE) SNP in Egyptian females.
Objective
The goals of this investigation were to ascertain whether oxidative stress plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were associated with HT, in addition, to assess the association of RAGE polymorphisms (− 374 T > A and the − 429 T > C and Gly82Ser) with HT.
Subject and methods.
Our case–control study has 80 patients enrolled who have newly been diagnosed with HT and 80 age and sex-matched healthy female controls. Each participant underwent a thorough medical history, physical examination, and laboratory investigations, which included Genotyping of RAGE Gly82Ser, − 374 T > A and − 429 T > C using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR–RFLP).
Results
Chi-square revealed a significant association regarding the distribution of RAGE (− 374 T < C) genotypes TT and CC between patients and control (P = 0.04). Non-significant associations regarding the distribution of Gly82Ser genotypes Gly/Gly, Gly/Ser, Ser/Ser were found between patients and control (P = 0.5), and non-significant associations related to − 429 T > C gene polymorphism were revealed. In addition, patients with HT had higher MDA and lower TCA compared with controls.
Conclusion
The elevated MDA and decreased TAC as an antioxidant may be one of several risk factors associated with the prevalence of HT in individuals with the − 429 T > C RAGE mutation polymorphism that is associated with an increased risk of HT in Egyptian females.
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Thyroid Disorders in Patients Treated with Dimethyl Fumarate for Multiple Sclerosis: A Retrospective Observational Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11051015. [PMID: 35624879 PMCID: PMC9138003 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11051015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a drug used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) and psoriasis, has been shown to activate the Keap1/Nrf2 antioxidant response. Nrf2 exerts pleiotropic roles in the thyroid gland; among others, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene encoding Nrf2 modulate the risk of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), suggesting that pharmacological activation of Nrf2 might also be protective. However, a patient with acute exacerbation of HT after starting DMF for MS was recently reported, raising questions about the thyroidal safety of Nrf2 activators. Methods: In a retrospective observational study, we investigated the prevalence and incidence of thyroid disorders (TD) among 163 patients with MS treated with DMF. Results: Only 7/163 patients (4.3%) were diagnosed with functional TD; most (5/163, 3.0%) were diagnosed before DMF treatment. Functional TD were diagnosed under or after DMF in only 2 patients (1.2%). Under DMF, one patient developed transient mild hypothyroidism with negative thyroid autoantibodies. After DMF discontinuation, another patient developed hyperthyroidism due to Graves’ disease. No patient developed thyroid structural disease under or after DMF. Conclusions: The very low incidence of functional TD indicates an overall very good thyroid tolerance of DMF, arguing against screening for TD in MS patients considered for or treated with DMF, and supporting the further study of Nrf2 activators for the prevention and treatment of TD.
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Aversa T, Ruggeri RM, Corica D, Cristani MT, Pepe G, Vicchio TM, Alibrandi A, Trimarchi F, Cannavò S, Pajno GB, Wasniewska MG. Serum Levels of Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Are Reduced in Euthyroid Children with Newly Diagnosed Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: A Pilot Study. Horm Res Paediatr 2022; 94:144-150. [PMID: 34237741 DOI: 10.1159/000517341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE No data are available on advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their soluble receptor (sRAGE) in pediatric patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). The present study was aimed to simultaneously evaluate serum levels of sRAGE, AGEs, and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) and investigate the relationships between these oxidative stress markers and clinical and biochemical parameters of thyroid function in euthyroid children with HT. DESIGN This is a case-control study carried out in a single university hospital center. METHODS We enrolled 19 newly diagnosed euthyroid HT pediatric patients (3 M, 16 F; median age 12.44 years, range 6.54-15.81 years) and 16 age-, sex-, and BMI-matched healthy controls (5 M, 11 F; median age 12.83 years, range 5.68-15.07 years). None was on levothyroxine treatment. The exclusion criteria were autoimmune, inflammatory, and infection comorbidities. Patients did not differ significantly from controls with regard to lipid or for anthropometric parameters. RESULTS sRAGE levels were significantly lower in HT patients (median 414.30 pg/mL, range 307.30-850.30 pg/mL) than in controls (561.30, 273.20-1121.60 pg/mL; p = 0.034). No differences emerged between patients and controls with regard to serum AGEs (124.25 AU/g prot, 71.98-186.72 vs. 133.90, 94.06-200.78 AU/g prot, p = 0.707) and AOPPs (1.13 nmol/mL, 0.62-1.83 vs. 1.17, 0.76-1.42 nmol/mL, p = 0.545). CONCLUSIONS sRAGE levels were decreased in euthyroid children/adolescents at the onset of HT, suggesting that autoimmunity per se seems to play an important role in such a reduction of sRAGE, irrespective of any functional alteration. Children and adolescents suffering from HT may exhibit increased susceptibility to oxidative damage, even when in euthyroid status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Aversa
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosaria Maddalena Ruggeri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Endocrine Unit at University Hospital AOU Policlinico "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Corica
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Cristani
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giorgia Pepe
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Angela Alibrandi
- Department of Economics, Unit of Statistical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Cannavò
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Endocrine Unit at University Hospital AOU Policlinico "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Pajno
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Ihnatowicz P, Wątor P, Gębski J, Frąckiewicz J, Drywień ME. Are Nutritional Patterns among Polish Hashimoto Thyroiditis Patients Differentiated Internally and Related to Ailments and Other Diseases? Nutrients 2021; 13:3675. [PMID: 34835930 PMCID: PMC8624404 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
There is not any diet recommended for Hashimoto's disease, despite that those patients are often undernourished. Because of the high heterogeneity of Hashimoto's patients, insight into dietary patterns might shed some light on the patient-tailored dietary approach, thus improving their treatment and helping to identify patients with the highest probability of particular nutritional deficiencies. The aim of this study was to identify Hashimoto's patients' dietary patterns and their characterization based on both socio-demographic variables and dietary self-assessment. We collected data online from patients with Hashimoto's disease. The questionnaire formula used in the study was developed based on a validated food frequency questionnaire KomPAN®. K-means pattern analyses were used to characterize patients into patterns based on the frequency of particular types of foods consumption and socio-demographic factors. Four patterns were identified. We labeled them as 'Convenient', 'Non-meat', 'Pro-healthy', and 'Carnivores' with participants proportions at approximately one-fourth per each pattern. The patients were mainly of the female gender (94.08%), with a female: male ratio of 15.9. Hashimoto's patients differed in their food product choices, food choice motives, dieting experience, nutritional knowledge, smoking habits, food allergies and intolerances, and lipid disorders, and thus represent different eating patterns. However, these patterns were not determined by comorbidities or the majority of ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Ihnatowicz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (P.I.); (J.F.)
| | - Paweł Wątor
- SanDiet Dietetyka & Lifestyle, Dietary Counseling, Pańska 96, 00-837 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Gębski
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Frąckiewicz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (P.I.); (J.F.)
| | - Małgorzata Ewa Drywień
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (P.I.); (J.F.)
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15
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The Influence of Oxidative Stress on Thyroid Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091442. [PMID: 34573074 PMCID: PMC8465820 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid diseases, including neoplasms, autoimmune diseases and thyroid dysfunctions, are becoming a serious social problem with rapidly increasing prevalence. The latter is increasingly linked to oxidative stress. There are many methods for determining the biomarkers of oxidative stress, making it possible to evaluate the oxidative profile in patients with thyroid diseases compared to the healthy population. This opens up a new perspective for investigating the role of elevated parameters of oxidative stress and damage in people with thyroid diseases, especially of neoplastic nature. An imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants is observed at different stages and in different types of thyroid diseases. The organ, which is part of the endocrine system, uses free radicals (reactive oxygen species, ROS) to produce hormones. Thyroid cells release enzymes that catalyse ROS generation; therefore, a key role is played by the internal defence system and non-enzymatic antioxidants that counteract excess ROS not utilised to produce thyroid hormones, acting as a buffer to neutralise free radicals and ensure whole-body homeostasis. An excess of free radicals causes structural cell damage, undermining genomic stability. Looking at the negative effects of ROS accumulation, oxidative stress appears to be implicated in both the initiation and progression of carcinogenesis. The aim of this review is to investigate the oxidation background of thyroid diseases and to summarise the links between redox imbalance and thyroid dysfunction and disease.
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16
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The Level of Zinc, Copper and Antioxidant Status in the Blood Serum of Women with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18157805. [PMID: 34360097 PMCID: PMC8345611 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze selected indicators of oxidative stress. The study subjects consisted of 42 women with Hashimoto’s disease and a control group of 30 healthy women. The concentration of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in the serum was determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and the total antioxidative potential by the Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) method. In addition, an assessment of concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and total phenolics was carried out. Our research showed a significant difference in TBARS concentration (p < 0.0001 (ES: 0.92)) without significant differences in Zn, Cu, FRAP and total phenolics concentrations. Analysis of the correlation of the obtained results of biochemical tests for both groups showed a highly significant dependence of FRAP and total phenolics concentration in the blood of the examined women (r = 0.5283, p = 0.0003). The obtained results indicate no differences in Cu, Zn, and FRAP concentrations in the blood between two analyzed groups and a significantly higher concentration of TBARS in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis women. The concentration of total phenolics significantly influences the value of the FRAP.
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17
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Cytokine/Chemokine/Growth Factor Profiles Contribute to Understanding the Pathogenesis of the Salivary Gland Dysfunction in Euthyroid Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Patients. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:3192409. [PMID: 34335085 PMCID: PMC8289575 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3192409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases. It is suggested that, in addition to thyroid gland dysfunction, HT is responsible for impaired secretion from the salivary glands. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent of symptoms of salivary gland dysfunction. We also assessed the relationship between the levels of selected cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) and the rate of UWS secretion and symptoms of xerostomia in HT patients. The study group consisted of 25 female patients diagnosed with Hashimoto's disease in its spontaneous euthyroid state who had never received hormonal treatment. In more than half of the examined patients, we observed the level of UWS secretion below 0.2 mL/min, indicating impaired secretory function of the salivary glands. Moreover, we demonstrated that the clinical symptoms of salivary gland dysfunction worsen with disease duration. Nevertheless, the inflammatory changes occurring in these glands are independent of general inflammation in the course of HT. Our results clearly indicate an abnormal profile of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in the UWS of HT euthyroid women as well as the fact that concentrations of IL-6 and IL-1 as well as INF-γ, TNF-α, and IL-12 may be potential biomarkers for salivary gland dysfunction in the course of HT. Furthermore, salivary IL-12 (p40) may be helpful in assessing the progression of autoimmunity-related inflammation in the course of HT. In conclusion, secretory dysfunction of the salivary glands is closely related to autoimmunity-related inflammation in the course of HT, which leads to objective and subjective symptoms of dry mouth.
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18
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Serum Selenium Status and Its Interrelationship with Serum Biomarkers of Thyroid Function and Antioxidant Defense in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111070. [PMID: 33142736 PMCID: PMC7692168 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) deficiency has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), although the available evidence is limited. The present study aimed to explore the interrelationships between serum Se status with measures of thyroid function and antioxidant defense in new cases of HT patients with hypoechogenic thyroid. HT patients (n = 49) and matched controls (n = 50) were recruited. Selenium, thyroid hormone panel, thyroid volume (TVol), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase3 (GPx3) activity, urinary iodine concentration (UIC), and urinary creatinine (Cr) were assessed. HT patients exhibited lower Se levels compared to controls (p < 0.001) with the rates of Se-deficient (<0.85 µmol/L) participants being 58.8% and 34%, respectively. Se-deficient patients exhibited higher thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Thyroid volume (TVol), thyroglobulin, antibody-titers, GPx3 activity and UIC/Cr compared to Se-sufficient patients (all p < 0.001). In the Se-deficient patients, inverse correlations were seen between Se-levels with TSH, TVol, and Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) (all p < 0.001). This study is the first to uncover that coexisting Se-deficiency and elevated iodine in HT may enhance autoimmune reactions and accelerate the deterioration of thyroid function through oxidative stress. Our study also highlights the importance of optimal Se status in this disease, thus providing a rationale for the execution of intervention trials for the evaluation of the clinical benefits of antioxidant-status improvement in HT.
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Ruggeri RM, CampennÌ A, Giuffrida G, Casciaro M, Barbalace MC, Hrelia S, Trimarchi F, CannavÒ S, Gangemi S. Oxidative stress as a key feature of autoimmune thyroiditis: an update. MINERVA ENDOCRINOL 2020; 45:326-344. [PMID: 32969631 DOI: 10.23736/s0391-1977.20.03268-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress has been proposed as one of the factors concurring in the pathophysiology of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Reactive oxygen species are the main expression of oxidative stress in biological systems, and their production can overcome antioxidant defenses ultimately leading to cell damage, apoptosis, and death. The present review was aimed at describing the state of the art of the relationships between oxidative stress and autoimmune thyroiditis. The most used biomarkers of oxidative stress and their correlation with thyroid function are reported. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We conducted a search of the literature in the English language starting from 2000, using the following search terms: "Hashimoto thyroiditis," "autoimmune thyroiditis," "hypothyroidism," "hyperthyroidism," "oxidative stress," "oxidants," "antioxidant," "advanced glycation end products." Both clinical studies and animal models were evaluated. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Data form clinical studies clearly indicate that the balance between oxidants and antioxidants is shifted towards the oxidative side in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis, suggesting that oxidative stress may be a key event in the pathophysiology of the disease, irrespective of thyroid function. Studies in animal models, such as the NOD.H2h4 mouse, confirm that thyroidal accumulation of ROS plays a role in the initiation and progression of autoimmune thyroiditis. CONCLUSIONS Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance represent a key feature of thyroid autoimmunity. Oxidative stress parameters could be used as biochemical markers of chronic inflammation, to better predict the disease evolution along its natural history. Dietary habits and antioxidant supplements may provide protection from autoimmunity, opening new perspectives in the development of more tailored therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria M Ruggeri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gaetano Martino University Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy - .,Unit of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy -
| | - Alfredo CampennÌ
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giuffrida
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gaetano Martino University Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Casciaro
- Unit of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria C Barbalace
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore CannavÒ
- Unit of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Department of Human Pathology DETEV, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Unit of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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20
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Miler M, Živanović J, Ajdžanović V, Milenkovic D, Jarić I, Šošić-Jurjević B, Milošević V. Citrus Flavanones Upregulate Thyrotroph Sirt1 and Differently Affect Thyroid Nrf2 Expressions in Old-Aged Wistar Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:8242-8254. [PMID: 32657124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A growing population of elderly people consume citrus flavanones, naringenin, and hesperetin in the form of fruits or juices. Flavanones are bioactives with potent antioxidant properties and have potential in slowing down the aging process. Because flavanones exert controversial effects on pituitary-thyroid functioning, our study on the old-aged rat model aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which naringenin and hesperetin affect this axis. Naringenin and hesperetin increased the Sirt1 mRNA level by 91 and 71% (p < 0.05), which was followed by increased Sirt1 expression by 20 and 15% (p < 0.05), respectively. Only naringenin decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone expression by 20% (p < 0.05). Thyroid peroxidase protein expression was upregulated after naringenin or hesperetin by 62 and 43% (p < 0.05), respectively. Naringenin lowered mRNA levels of Tpo, Sod1, Sod2, Cat, and Nrf2 by 50, 32, 45, 35, and 42% (p < 0.05), respectively, and increased Gpx by 54% (p < 0.05), while hesperetin decreased Sod1 and Sod2 mRNA levels by 46 and 55% (p < 0.05), respectively. Naringenin increased the protein expressions of Nrf2 and SOD2 by 58 and 50% (p < 0.05), respectively, and decreased SOD1 expression by 48% (p < 0.05), while hesperetin protein decreased expressions of SOD1 and Nrf2 by 63 and 32% (p < 0.05), respectively. Altogether, our findings suggest that citrus flavanones contribute to restoring the impaired thyroid functioning in the old-aged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Miler
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Despot Stefan Blvd, Belgrade 11060, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Živanović
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Despot Stefan Blvd, Belgrade 11060, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Ajdžanović
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Despot Stefan Blvd, Belgrade 11060, Serbia
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California Davis, 95616 Davis, California, United States
| | - Ivana Jarić
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Despot Stefan Blvd, Belgrade 11060, Serbia
- Animal Welfare Division, Vetsuisse, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Branka Šošić-Jurjević
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Despot Stefan Blvd, Belgrade 11060, Serbia
| | - Verica Milošević
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Despot Stefan Blvd, Belgrade 11060, Serbia
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21
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Sarandi E, Thanasoula M, Anamaterou C, Papakonstantinou E, Geraci F, Papamichael MM, Itsiopoulos C, Tsoukalas D. Metabolic profiling of organic and fatty acids in chronic and autoimmune diseases. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 101:169-229. [PMID: 33706889 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a powerful tool of omics that permits the simultaneous identification of metabolic perturbations in several autoimmune and chronic diseases. Several parameters can affect a metabolic profile, from the population characteristics to the selection of the analytical method. In the current chapter, we summarize the main analytical methods and results of the metabolic profiling of fatty and organic acids performed in human metabolomic studies for asthma, COPD, psoriasis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. We discuss the most significant metabolic alterations associated with these diseases, after comparison of either a single patient's group with healthy controls or several patient's subgroups of different disease severity and phenotype with healthy controls or of a patient's group before and after treatment. Finally, we present critical metabolic patterns that are associated with each disease and their potency for the unraveling of disease pathogenesis, prediction, diagnosis, patient stratification and treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Sarandi
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens, Greece; Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Thanasoula
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens, Greece; European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, E.I.Nu.M, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Geraci
- European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, E.I.Nu.M, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Michelle Papamichael
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition & Sport, La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Catherine Itsiopoulos
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition & Sport, La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dimitris Tsoukalas
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens, Greece; European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, E.I.Nu.M, Rome, Italy.
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22
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Morawska K, Maciejczyk M, Popławski Ł, Popławska-Kita A, Krętowski A, Zalewska A. Enhanced Salivary and General Oxidative Stress in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Women in Euthyreosis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9072102. [PMID: 32635382 PMCID: PMC7408923 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases. Although HT is inextricably linked to oxidative stress, there have been no studies assessing salivary redox homeostasis or salivary gland function in patients with HT. This study is the first to compare antioxidant defense and oxidative stress biomarkers in non-stimulated (NWS) and stimulated (SWS) whole saliva and plasma/erythrocytes of HT patients compared to controls. The study included 45 women with HT in the euthyreosis period as well as an age- and gender-matched control group. We showed that NWS secretion was significantly lower in HT patients compared to healthy controls, similar to salivary amylase activity in NWS and SWS. Catalase and peroxidase activities were considerably higher in NWS and SWS of HT patients, while the concentrations of reduced glutathione and uric acid were significantly lower in comparison with healthy subjects. Total antioxidant potential was significantly lower, while total oxidant status and the level of oxidation products of proteins (advanced glycation end products, advanced oxidation protein products) and lipids (malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides) were significantly higher in NWS, SWS and plasma of HT patients. In conclusion, in both salivary glands of women with HT in euthyreosis, the ability to maintain redox homeostasis was hindered. In HT patients we observed oxidative damage to salivary proteins and lipids; thus, some biomarkers of oxidative stress may present a potential diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Morawska
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 24A M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Street, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, 2c Mickiewicza Street, 15-022 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (A.Z.)
| | - Łukasz Popławski
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 24A M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Street, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Anna Popławska-Kita
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 24A M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Street, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (A.P.-K.); (A.K.)
| | - Adam Krętowski
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 24A M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Street, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (A.P.-K.); (A.K.)
| | - Anna Zalewska
- Laboratory of Experimental Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 24A M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Street, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (A.Z.)
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23
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Molnár C, Bádon ES, Mokánszki A, Mónus A, Beke L, Győry F, Nagy E, Méhes G. High Genetic Diversity and No Evidence of Clonal Relation in Synchronous Thyroid Carcinomas Associated with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: A Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10010048. [PMID: 31963551 PMCID: PMC7167801 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The close association between pre-existing Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and thyroid cancer is well established. The simultaneous occurrence of multiple neoplastic foci within the same organ suggests a common genotoxic effect potentially contributing to carcinogenesis, the nature of which is still not clear. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) provides a potent tool to demonstrate and compare the mutational profile of the independent neoplastic foci. Our collection of 47 cases with thyroid carcinoma and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis included 14 with at least two tumorous foci. Detailed histological analysis highlighted differences in histomorphology, immunoprofile, and biological characteristics. Further, a 67-gene NGS panel was applied to demonstrate the mutational diversity of the synchronic tumors. Significant differences could be detected with a wide spectrum of pathogenic gene variants involved (ranging between 5 and 18, cutoff >5.0 variant allele frequencies (VAF)). Identical gene variants represented in both synchronous tumors of the same thyroid gland were found in only two cases (BRAF and JAK3 genes). An additional set of major driver mutations was identified at variable allele frequencies in a highly individual setup suggesting a clear clonal independence. The different BRAF statuses in coincident thyroid carcinoma foci within the same organ outline a special challenge for molecular follow-up and therapeutic decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Molnár
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (C.M.); (E.S.B.); (A.M.); (A.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Emese Sarolta Bádon
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (C.M.); (E.S.B.); (A.M.); (A.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Attila Mokánszki
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (C.M.); (E.S.B.); (A.M.); (A.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Anikó Mónus
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (C.M.); (E.S.B.); (A.M.); (A.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Lívia Beke
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (C.M.); (E.S.B.); (A.M.); (A.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Ferenc Győry
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Endre Nagy
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Gábor Méhes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (C.M.); (E.S.B.); (A.M.); (A.M.); (L.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Wang P, Huang C, Meng Z, Zhang W, Li Y, Yu X, Du X, Liu M, Sun J, Zhang Q, Gao Y, Song K, Wang X, Fan Y, Zhao L. No obvious association exists between red blood cell distribution width and thyroid function. Biomark Med 2019; 13:1363-1372. [PMID: 31599643 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2018-0476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to explore gender impacts on the associations between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and thyroid function in the Chinese population. Methods/results: Gender impacts on the associations between RDW and thyroid function in 8424 males and 5198 females were investigated. RDW was found significantly lower in males than in females. An increasing trend of RDW along with aging was demonstrated in males. For females, an obvious decrease was shown during menopause period. From binary logistic regression, RDW displayed negative relationship with hypothyroidism in both genders as a single factor. However, if RDW was analyzed as a categorical variable (in RDW width quartiles) and as a continuous variable in models with covariates, all the odds ratios were negative, except for a weak-negative relationship with hypothyroidism in women in a continuous RDW model. Conclusion: The current study suggests that anisocytosis could be a contributing factor in thyroid dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Chao Huang
- Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Heslington, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Zhaowei Meng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yongle Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xuefang Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Jinhong Sun
- Department of Health Management, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Health Management, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Health Management, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Kun Song
- Department of Health Management, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Health Management, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yaguang Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis & Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
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Sur U, Erkekoglu P, Bulus AD, Andiran N, Kocer-Gumusel B. Oxidative stress markers, trace elements, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in children with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 29:633-643. [PMID: 31354016 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1646367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate whether bisphenol A (BPA) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) exposure have any association with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and its biomarkers and to determine whether oxidative stress biomarkers and trace element levels showed any alterations in children with HT. We found that superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities are lower in HT group from control (24% and 46%, respectively, p < 0.05). Zinc levels were significantly lower in HT group vs. control. In addition, the levels of mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) which is the primary metabolite for DEHP, were markedly higher in HT group compared to control (p < 0.05). A negative correlation was observed between urinary BPA levels and fT4. In children with HT, oxidant/antioxidant balance is changed and these differences may be related by EDC exposure, the importance of which should be elucidated with further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unzile Sur
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey.,Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey
| | - Pinar Erkekoglu
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Ayse Derya Bulus
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Turkish Ministry of Health, Keçioren Research and Training Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | | | - Belma Kocer-Gumusel
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lokman Hekim University , Ankara , Turkey
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Ciurleo R, Sessa E, Marino S, D’Aleo G, Bramanti P, Rifici C. Acute exacerbation of Hashimoto's thyroiditis in a patient treated with dimethyl fumarate for multiple sclerosis: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15185. [PMID: 31027063 PMCID: PMC6831155 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has been recently approved for first-line monotherapy of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Its effects are due to mechanism modulating the immune system and activating antioxidative and neuroprotective pathways. PATIENT CONCERNS A 59-year-old female patient affected by chronic Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) from 10 years was diagnosed with relapsing remitting MS in 2013. She started therapy with DMF in November 2016. DIAGNOSIS After 2 months of therapy with DMF, the results of thyroid function test were abnormal. Thyroid ultrasonography confirmed the diagnosis of acute exacerbation of HT. INTERVENTIONS This condition led to discontinuation of DMF therapy. OUTCOME Two months after the interruption of DMF therapy, the findings of thyroid function test were within normal limits. CONCLUSION The association of MS with autoimmune thyroid diseases supports a common immune-mediated pathogenic mechanism. We assume that the acute exacerbation of HT in our MS patient is associated not with the immunomodulatory effect of DMF but rather with its antioxidative mechanism.Constant monitoring of thyroid hormone levels should be recommended especially if the MS patients in treatment with DMF are affected by concomitant autoimmune thyroid diseases.
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Ferrari SM, Elia G, Ragusa F, Paparo SR, Caruso C, Benvenga S, Fallahi P, Antonelli A. The protective effect of myo-inositol on human thyrocytes. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2018; 19:355-362. [PMID: 30511181 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-018-9476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Patients affected by autoimmune thyroiditis reached positive effects on indices of thyroid autoimmunity and/or thyroidal function, after following a treatment with selenomethionine (Se) alone, or Se in combination with Myo-inositol (Myo-Ins). Our purpose was to investigate if Myo-Ins alone, or a combination of Se + Myo-Ins, is effective in protecting thyroid cells from the effects given by cytokines, or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We assessed the interferon (IFN)-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10/CXCL10) secretion by stimulating primary thyrocytes (obtained from Hashimoto's thyroiditis or from control patients) with cytokines in presence/absence of H2O2. Our results confirm: 1) the toxic effect of H2O2 in primary thyrocytes that leads to an increase of the apoptosis, to a decrease of the proliferation, and to a slight reduction of cytokines-induced CXCL10 secretion; 2) the secretion of CXCL10 chemokine induced by IFN-γ + tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-α has been decreased by Myo + Ins, both in presence or absence of H2O2; 3) no effect has been shown by the treatment with Se. Therefore, a protective effect of Myo-Ins on thyroid cells has been suggested by our data, which exact mechanisms are at the basis of this effect need to be furtherly investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Martina Ferrari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, Via Savi, 10, I-56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giusy Elia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, Via Savi, 10, I-56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Ragusa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, Via Savi, 10, I-56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rosaria Paparo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, Via Savi, 10, I-56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Caruso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, Via Savi, 10, I-56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Salvatore Benvenga
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Master Program on Childhood, Adolescent and Women's Endocrine Health, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular and Clinical Endocrinology and Women's Endocrine Health, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico 'G. Martino', I-98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, Via Savi, 10, I-56126, Pisa, Italy.
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Ates I, Arikan MF, Altay M, Yilmaz FM, Yilmaz N, Berker D, Guler S. The effect of oxidative stress on the progression of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Arch Physiol Biochem 2018; 124:351-356. [PMID: 29185364 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1408660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the effects of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and progression of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). METHODS Forty euthyroid and 40 subclinical hypothyroid patients older than 18 years and not yet had received treatment were enrolled in the study. RESULTS In the 9 months follow-up, 14 of the HT patients developed overt hypothyroidism. The mean total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) were higher in patients who developed overt hypothyroidism than those who did not (p < .001). And no significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of paraoxanase-1 and arylesterase (p > .05). Multivariable Cox regression model showed thyroid stimulating hormone level (HR = 1.348, p < .001), free-thyroxine level (HR = 0.481, p = .017) and OSI ratio (HR = 2.349, p < .001) to be independent predictors of development of overt hypothyroidism. OSI level, being over 2.96 with 92.9% sensitivity and 62.5% specificity, predicts the risk of hypothyroidism. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress may be an effective risk factor in the development of overt hypothyroidism in HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Ates
- a Department of Internal Medicine , Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Mehmet Fettah Arikan
- a Department of Internal Medicine , Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Mustafa Altay
- a Department of Internal Medicine , Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Fatma Meric Yilmaz
- b Department of Biochemistry , Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Nisbet Yilmaz
- a Department of Internal Medicine , Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Dilek Berker
- c Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Serdar Guler
- c Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
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Gholinejad Z, Faghfouri AH, Zarrin R, Rasmi Y. Association of glutathione peroxidase 1 gene polymorphism (rs1050450) with Hashimoto's thyroiditis in Northwest Iran. Meta Gene 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Giannakou M, Saltiki K, Mantzou E, Loukari E, Philippou G, Terzidis K, Stavrianos C, Kyprianou M, Psaltopoulou T, Karatzi K, Alevizaki M. The effect of obesity and dietary habits on oxidative stress in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Endocr Connect 2018; 7:990-997. [PMID: 30300538 PMCID: PMC6176279 DOI: 10.1530/ec-18-0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increased oxidative stress has been described in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether high oxidative stress is further influenced by obesity and dietary habits in euthyroid women with HT. METHODS Two hundred eighteen consecutive euthyroid women with HT were studied and separated in two groups; 102 with thyroxine replacement and 114 without. For the evaluation of oxidative stress, total lipid peroxide levels in serum (TOS) were measured and recoded as ‘high TOS’ vs ‘medium/low TOS’. The type of food and consumption frequency were recorded. Two binary variables were considered; normal vs low fruit consumption and daily vs sporadic vegetable consumption. RESULTS ‘High TOS’ was more frequent in women under thyroxine replacement (31.4% vs 14.7%, OR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.4–5.2). The prevalence of ‘high TOS’ was higher among overweight/obese women compared to women with normal BMI (30.4% vs 12.5%, OR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.5–6.4). Low fruit consumption was associated with increased ‘high TOS’ prevalence (30.6% vs 12.9%, OR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.4–6.2). Sporadic vegetable consumption was associated with increased ‘high TOS’ prevalence compared to daily consumption (29.9% vs 13.5%, OR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.3–5.7). The examined risk factors were independent and additive in their effect on TOS. At least three risk factors had to be concomitantly present for the likelihood of ‘high TOS’ to be significantly elevated. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress is increased in women with HT under thyroxine replacement. Nevertheless, normal BMI, daily fruit and vegetable consumption, all contribute in maintaining oxidative stress at low levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giannakou
- Endocrine UnitDepartment Med Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Saltiki
- Endocrine UnitDepartment Med Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAthens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Emily Mantzou
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAthens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Loukari
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAthens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Philippou
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAthens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Terzidis
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAthens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalampos Stavrianos
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAthens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Miltiades Kyprianou
- Endocrine UnitDepartment Med Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Psaltopoulou
- Department of HygieneEpidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Karatzi
- Department of Nutrition and DieteticsSchool of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Alevizaki
- Endocrine UnitDepartment Med Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAthens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
- Correspondence should be addressed to M Alevizaki:
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A case report of a novel, integrative approach to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with unexpected results. ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aimed.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Peng S, Sun X, Wang X, Wang H, Shan Z, Teng W, Li C. Myeloid related proteins are up-regulated in autoimmune thyroid diseases and activate toll-like receptor 4 and pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 59:217-226. [PMID: 29656212 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Myeloid-related protein (MRP) family plays an important role in the promotion of cell proliferation and the production of inflammatory cytokines. We investigated the expression of MRP6, MRP8 and MRP14 in thyroid tissues, serum, and peripheral blood monocular cells (PBMCs) in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). METHOD The expression of MRP6, MRP8, and MRP14 was investigated using immunohistochemical staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in the thyroid glands of 7 patients with Graves' disease (GD), 8 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), and 7 healthy controls (HC). The serum levels of MRP8/MRP14 complex and MRP6 were investigated in 30 patients with GD, 36 with HT, and 30 with HC. The mRNA expression of MRP proteins in PBMCs was also explored. PBMCs from each group were incubated with MPRs and their effect on Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) expression and their effect on the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines in supernatant were analyzed upon incubating with TLR4 and signaling pathways inhibitors. RESULTS Serum levels of MRP8/MRP14 and MRP6 were up-regulated in patients with AITD. In addition, mRNA expression of MRP proteins in PBMCs and the thyroid gland was markedly elevated in AITD patients. MRP6 and MPR8 promoted the secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 in cultured PBMCs, and this elevation was more pronounced in AITD patients; we also found that this up-regulation was regulated by TLR4/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The expression of MRP proteins was elevated in AITD patients. Therefore, an MRP-TLR4 dependent signaling may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AITD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiao Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China
| | - Xuren Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China
| | - Zhongyan Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China
| | - Weiping Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China.
| | - Chenyan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China.
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Askari H, Rajani SF, Poorebrahim M, Haghi-Aminjan H, Raeis-Abdollahi E, Abdollahi M. A glance at the therapeutic potential of irisin against diseases involving inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis: An introductory review. Pharmacol Res 2018; 129:44-55. [PMID: 29414191 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Irisin is a hormone-like molecule mainly released by skeletal muscles in response to exercise. Irisin induces browning of the white adipose tissue and has been shown to regulate glucose and lipid homeostasis. Keeping its energy expenditure and metabolic properties in view, numerous studies have focused on its therapeutic potential for the treatment of metabolic disorders like obesity and type 2 diabetes. Recently, the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative properties of irisin have received a great deal of attention of the scientific society. These pathogenic processes are often associated with initiation, progression, and prognosis of numerous diseases like myocardial infarction, kidney diseases, cancer, lung injury, inflammatory bowel diseases, atherosclerosis, liver diseases, obesity and type 2 diabetes. In the current review, we present evidence regarding the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative potential of irisin pertaining to various pathological conditions. Here, we explore multiple molecular pathways targeted by irisin therapy. Given the promising effects of irisin, many diseases with evident oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis can be targeted by irisin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Askari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sulail Fatima Rajani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Poorebrahim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Haghi-Aminjan
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Raeis-Abdollahi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Galeone M, Colucci R, Dragoni F, Moretti S. Can environmental factors contribute in triggering vitiligo and associated autoimmune thyroid diseases? Possible connection to the Chernobyl nuclear accident. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2017; 153:729-730. [PMID: 28895374 DOI: 10.23736/s0392-0488.17.05645-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Galeone
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy -
| | - Roberta Colucci
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Federica Dragoni
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Moretti
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Proteins oxidation and autoantibodies' reactivity against hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde -oxidized thyroid antigens in patients' plasmas with Graves' disease and Hashimoto Thyroiditis. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 272:145-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Giannakou M, Saltiki K, Mantzou E, Loukari E, Philippou G, Terzidis K, Lili K, Stavrianos C, Kyprianou M, Alevizaki M. RAGE polymorphisms and oxidative stress levels in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Eur J Clin Invest 2017; 47:341-347. [PMID: 28226412 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) gene have been studied in various autoimmune disorders, but not in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Also, increased oxidative stress has been described in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of two common RAGE polymorphisms (-429T>C, -374T>A) in Hashimoto's thyroiditis; in parallel, we studied oxidative stress levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 300 consecutive euthyroid women were examined and classified into three groups: Hashimoto's thyroiditis with treatment (n = 96), Hashimoto's thyroiditis without treatment (n = 109) and controls (n = 95). For a rough evaluation of oxidative stress, total lipid peroxide levels in serum were measured. The -429T>C AluI and -374T>A MfeI polymorphisms of RAGE were studied in genomic DNA. RESULTS Significant association of the RAGE system with Hashimoto's thyroiditis was found only with regard to the prevalence of the -429T>C, but not with -374T>A polymorphism. The levels of oxidative stress were significantly elevated in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients under treatment. Further analysis demonstrated that an oxidative stress cut-off value of 590 μmol/L is associated with an increased risk of progression of Hashimoto's thyroiditis from euthyroidism to hypothyroidism; this risk is further increased in carriers of the RAGE -429T>C polymorphism. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that both examined risk factors may be implicated in the occurrence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, but this covers only a fraction of the pathophysiology of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giannakou
- Endocrine Unit, Department Med Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Saltiki
- Endocrine Unit, Department Med Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Emily Mantzou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Loukari
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Philippou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Terzidis
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Kiriaki Lili
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalampos Stavrianos
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Miltiades Kyprianou
- Endocrine Unit, Department Med Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Alevizaki
- Endocrine Unit, Department Med Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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Srivastava S, Singh D, Patel S, Singh MR. Role of enzymatic free radical scavengers in management of oxidative stress in autoimmune disorders. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 101:502-517. [PMID: 28342757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune disorders are distinct with over production and accumulation of free radicals due to its undisclosed genesis. The cause of numerous disorders as cancer, arthritis, psoriasis, diabetes, alzheimer's, cardiovascular disease, Parkinson's, respiratory distress syndrome, colitis, crohn's, pulmonary fibrosis, obesity and ageing have been associated with immune dysfunction and oxidative stress. In an oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species generally provoke the series of oxidation at cellular level. The buildup of free radicals in turn triggers various inflammatory cells causing release of various inflammatory interleukins, cytokines, chemokines, and tumor necrosis factors which mediate signal transduction and transcription pathways as nuclear factor- kappa B (NF-κB), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2). The imbalance could only be combat by supplementing natural defensive antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. The efficiency of these enzymes is enhanced by use of colloidal carriers which include cellular carriers, vesicular and particulate systems like erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, liposomes, transferosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, microspheres, emulsions. Thus this review provides a platform for understanding importance of antioxidant enzymes and its therapeutic applications in treatment of various autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Srivastava
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chattissgarh, 492010, India
| | - Deependra Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chattissgarh, 492010, India
| | - Satish Patel
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chattissgarh, 492010, India
| | - Manju R Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chattissgarh, 492010, India.
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Thyroid hormones have a pro-oxidant effect and cause increased lipid peroxidation. Lipid peroxidation is an extremely damaging process implicated in many diseases and could be a causative factor, responsible for the varied systemic manifestations of hyperthyroidism, like myopathy and myocardial insufficiency. The activities of antioxidant scavenging enzymes like erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, which prevent lipid peroxidation, are also significantly affected by hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Further, it has been observed in various studies that hypothyroidism does induce changes in free radical scavenging enzymes opposite to those observed in hyperthyroidism. Oxidative injury, therefore, is an important mechanism in the pathophysiology of hyperthyroidism.
How to cite this article
Kesar V. Thyroid Hormones and Oxidative Stress. Indian J Med Biochem 2017;21(1):58-61.
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Ates I, Altay M, Yilmaz FM, Topcuoglu C, Neselioglu S, Erel O, Yilmaz N. Dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis in patients with autoimmune subclinical hypothyroidism. Endocr Res 2016; 41:343-349. [PMID: 27045442 DOI: 10.3109/07435800.2016.1156124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis in autoimmune subclinical hypothyroidism. METHODS Forty-eight patients with a new diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto thyroiditis who were not yet under medical therapy, and 48 healthy control subjects were enrolled. Thiol/disulfide homeostasis [native thiol-disulfide exchanges] was measured in both groups using the automated method developed by Erel and Neselioglu. An absolute difference of 0.5 between the total thiol and native thiol concentrations revealed the disulfide bond amount. RESULTS The native thiol level (p = 0.014) and native thiol/total thiol ratio (p = 0.001) were lower in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism than in the control group. Meanwhile, the disulfide level (p = 0.004), disulfide/native thiol ratio (p = 0.001), and disulfide/total thiol (p = 0.001) ratio were higher in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism than in the control group. The antithyroid peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin levels were positively correlated with the disulfide/native thiol ratio (r = 0.339, p = 0.019; r = 0.243, p = 0.023, respectively) and the disulfide/total thiol ratio (r = 0.133, p = 0.019; r = 0.238, p = 0.026, respectively) and negatively correlated with the native thiol/total thiol ratio (r = -0.292, p = 0.004; r = -0.233, p = 0.022, respectively). CONCLUSION We found that thiol/disulfide homeostasis shifted to disulfide formation in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and that thyroid autoantibodies were positively correlated with thiol oxidation. It is not clear whether abnormal thiol/disulfide homeostasis is a cause or a consequence in Hashimoto thyroiditis. Further studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Ates
- a Department of Internal Medicine , Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Mustafa Altay
- a Department of Internal Medicine , Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Fatma Meric Yilmaz
- b Department of Biochemistry , Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
- c Department of Biochemistry , Yıldırım Beyazıt University Medical Faculty , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Canan Topcuoglu
- b Department of Biochemistry , Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Salim Neselioglu
- c Department of Biochemistry , Yıldırım Beyazıt University Medical Faculty , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Ozcan Erel
- c Department of Biochemistry , Yıldırım Beyazıt University Medical Faculty , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Nisbet Yilmaz
- a Department of Internal Medicine , Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
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Metwalley KA, Farghaly HS, Saad K, Othman HAK. Oxidative status in children and adolescents with autoimmune thyroiditis. Clin Exp Med 2016; 16:571-575. [PMID: 26343039 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-015-0386-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative status in autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) has not been investigated previously in children and adolescents. We investigated oxidant and antioxidant systems in a cohort of Egyptian children and adolescents with AIT to explore these as biomarkers of autoimmunity and thyroid function. Our case control study included 32 children with AIT and 32 healthy subjects with matching age and sex as a control group. After a thorough history and physical examination, a thyroid ultrasound, measurements of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxin (FT4), antithyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), and antithyroglobulin antibody were done with assessment of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels as oxidative stress markers. Overt hypothyroidism was detected in 23/32, while subclinical hypothyroidism was detected in nine of the 32 studied patients. MDA levels were significantly elevated, while TAC levels were significantly decreased in AIT patients compared with healthy controls. The difference was more evident in patients with overt hypothyroidism than those with subclinical hypothyroidism. We also observed significant positive correlations of TPOAb levels with age, TSH, MDA, and thyroid volume, finding a negative correlation with TAC and FT4. In conclusion, the high serum MDA and lower TAC levels in patients with AIT and the correlation of thyroid antibodies with biomarkers of oxidative stress may reflect the role of autoimmunity in the development of oxidative stress. Future studies are needed for evaluation of antioxidant therapy for AIT patients. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02318160. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02318160 .
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hekma Saad Farghaly
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyût, Egypt
| | - Khaled Saad
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyût, Egypt.
- Associate professor of pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Assiut, Asyût, 71516, Egypt.
| | - Hisham A K Othman
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswân, Egypt
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Adult Onset Vitiligo: Multivariate Analysis Suggests the Need for a Thyroid Screening. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:8065765. [PMID: 27747240 PMCID: PMC5055927 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8065765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background. There are limited epidemiological studies evaluating the effect of age at onset on disease features in vitiligo. Objectives. To identify factors associated with adult onset vitiligo in comparison with childhood onset vitiligo. Patients and Methods. We retrospectively collected medical records of 191 patients. Such records included clinical examination, personal and familial medical history, laboratory evaluations, concomitant vitiligo treatment and drug assumption. Results. 123 patients with a disease onset after the age of 40 (adult onset vitiligo) were compared with 68 patients who developed vitiligo before the age of 12 (childhood onset vitiligo). Multivariate analysis revealed that personal history of thyroid diseases (P = 0.04; OR 0.4), stress at onset (P = 0.002; OR = 0.34), personal history of autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) (P = 0.003; OR = 0.23), and thyroid nodules (P = 0.001; OR 0.90) were independently associated with adult onset vitiligo, whereas family history of dermatological diseases (P = 0.003; OR = 2.87) and Koebner phenomenon (P < 0.001; OR = 4.73) with childhood onset vitiligo. Moreover, in the adult onset group, concomitant thyroid disease preceded vitiligo in a statistically significant number of patients (P = 0.014). Conclusions. Childhood onset and adult onset vitiligo have different clinical features. In particular, ATD and thyroid nodules were significantly associated with adult onset vitiligo, suggesting that a thyroid screening should be recommended in this group of patients.
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Korkmaz H, Tabur S, Savaş E, Özkaya M, Aksoy ŞN, Aksoy N, Akarsu E. Evaluation of Serum S100A8/S100A9 Levels in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases. Balkan Med J 2016; 33:547-551. [PMID: 27761284 DOI: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2016.15881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The correlation of S100A8/S100A9 with various inflammatory conditions, including autoimmune diseases have been reported. There is no study investigating the levels of S100A8/S100A9 in autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). AIMS We aimed to evaluate the level of serum S100A8/S100A9 in AITD. STUDY DESIGN Case control study. METHODS Fifty patients with AITD (25 Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and 25 Graves' disease (GD)) were included in the study. Twenty seven healthy subjects participated as a control group. Blood samples were obtained in the 3 months after the initiation of medical treatment. Serum levels of total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidative status (TOS), total free sulfhydryl (SH), lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) and S100A8/S100A9 were analyzed. RESULTS The patients with AITD had significantly higher S100A8/S100A9, OSI, LOOH and TOS levels than the healthy control group. There was no significant difference between GD and HT patients in terms of S100A8/S100A9, TOS and OSI levels. S100A8/S100A9 level was positively correlated with LOOH, TOS and OSI levels but negatively correlated with -SH level in the patients with AITD. CONCLUSION Serum S100A8/S100A9 levels were increased in patients with AITD and positively correlated with LOOH, TOS and OSI whereas negatively correlated with SH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Korkmaz
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Edirne State Hospital, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Suzan Tabur
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Esen Savaş
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Mesut Özkaya
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Şefika Nur Aksoy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Nurten Aksoy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Harran University School of Medicine, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Ersin Akarsu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Ates I, Altay M, Yilmaz FM, Topcuoglu C, Yilmaz N, Berker D, Guler S. The impact of levothyroxine sodium treatment on oxidative stress in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Eur J Endocrinol 2016; 174:727-34. [PMID: 26951600 DOI: 10.1530/eje-15-1061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although several studies reported increased oxidative stress in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), the effect of levothyroxine treatment on oxidative status is not studied extensively. Therefore, we conducted this study to investigate the effects of levothyroxine replacement on oxidative stress in HT. DESIGN AND METHODS Thirty-six patients recently diagnosed with HT-related hypothyroidism and 36 healthy controls were included in the study. Levothyroxine replacement was started to patients with hypothyroidism, and had been followed-up for 6 months. RESULTS Mean basal serum total antioxidant status (TAS), total thiol, arylesterase, and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) levels were significantly lower, and serum total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) were significantly higher in the patients with hypothyroid than the controls. In the hypothyroid group serum TAS, total thiol, arylesterase, and PON1 levels increased and serum TOS and OSI levels decreased significantly after levothyroxine treatment. Pretreatment serum TAS, total thiol, PON1, and arylesterase levels were positively correlated with free levothyroxine (fT4) and negatively correlated with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), antithyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), and antithyroglobulin (anti-TG) levels. Also, pretreatment serum TOS and OSI levels were negatively correlated with fT4 levels and positively correlated with TSH, anti-TPO, and anti-TG. We have also found that the fT4 and anti-TPO levels are independent predictors of the oxidative stress parameters in stepwise multivariable linear regression analysis. CONCLUSION This study suggests that levothyroxine replacement decreases oxidant status and increases antioxidant status following the 6 months of levothyroxine replacement in hypothyroidism that develops in accordance with the HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Ates
- Ankara Numune Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Internal Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Altay
- Kecioren Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Internal Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Meric Yilmaz
- Ankara Numune Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Canan Topcuoglu
- Ankara Numune Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nisbet Yilmaz
- Ankara Numune Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Internal Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilek Berker
- Ankara Numune Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serdar Guler
- Ankara Numune Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey Hitit University School of MedicineDepartment of Endocrinology, Çorum, Turkey
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Ruggeri RM, Vicchio TM, Cristani M, Certo R, Caccamo D, Alibrandi A, Giovinazzo S, Saija A, Campennì A, Trimarchi F, Gangemi S. Oxidative Stress and Advanced Glycation End Products in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Thyroid 2016; 26:504-11. [PMID: 26854840 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2015.0592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress, which occurs as a result of an imbalance between free-radical production and antioxidant defense mechanisms, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune disorders, including thyroid diseases. Importantly, it has been correlated to thyroid dysfunction. This study investigated the changes in oxidative balance in euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) by means of specific serum tests, such as derived reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and the biological antioxidant potential (BAP) test. In addition, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs)--compounds formed by the transformation of proteins--were evaluated as potential new markers of oxidative stress in this disease. METHODS This study included 134 euthyroid subject: 71 newly diagnosed HT patients (63 females; M age = 38 ± 13 years) and 63 age and sex-matched healthy controls. None of them were on thyroxine therapy. RESULTS Serum d-ROMs were elevated, and BAP decreased in HT patients compared with controls (p < 0.001), and the two parameters were inversely correlated (r = -0.211; p = 0.027), clearly indicating an enhanced oxidative stress. Furthermore, AGE levels were higher in HT patients (M = 223.18 AU/g prot) than in controls (M = 189.636 AU/g prot; p = 0.020) and inversely correlated with BAP levels (r = -0.196; p = 0.037). In uni- and multivariate analysis, serum antithyroperoxidase antibodies were the main predictors for d-ROMs (p = 0.006), BAP (p < 0.001), and AGEs (p = 0.014), irrespective of thyrotropin and/or free thyroxine values. No differences in AOPPs levels were found between patients and controls (p = 0.923). CONCLUSIONS Oxidants are increased and antioxidants decreased in euthyroid HT patients. As a result, the oxidative/antioxidative balance is shifted toward the oxidative side. Moreover, this study reports on a possible significant involvement of AGEs in HT, thus contributing to a better definition of the redox homoeostasis dysregulation in HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria M Ruggeri
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Teresa M Vicchio
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- 2 Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Rosaria Certo
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Daniela Caccamo
- 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Alibrandi
- 4 Department of Economics, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Giovinazzo
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Antonina Saija
- 2 Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Alfredo Campennì
- 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Trimarchi
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
- 5 Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- 6 School and Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
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Korkmaz H, Tabur S, Ozkaya M, Oguz E, Elboga U, Aksoy N, Akarsu E. Paraoxonase and arylesterase levels in autoimmune thyroid diseases. Redox Rep 2016; 21:227-31. [PMID: 26795296 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2015.1107310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity and its association with oxidative stress in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). METHODS A total of 50 patients with AITD, including 25 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 25 with Graves' disease were enrolled. The control group comprised 27 healthy subjects. Blood samples were obtained in the euthyroid period and 3 months after initiation of medical treatment. Serum samples from patients with AITD and the healthy control group were analyzed for basal PON1, salt-stimulated PON1, and arylesterase (ARE) activities, along with lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) and total free sulfhydryl (-SH) levels. RESULTS Serum PON1 activities and -SH levels were significantly lower (P < 0.001, for each), whereas LOOH levels were significantly higher (P < 0.001, for each) in patients with AITD, compared to the control group. We observed no significant differences in ARE levels between the patient and healthy control groups (P > 0.05). PON1 activity was positively correlated with -SH (r = 0.522, P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with LOOH (r = -0.487, P < 0.001). PON1 phenotype distribution of the subjects was not significantly different among the three groups (P = 0.961). CONCLUSIONS Serum PON1 activity is decreased in patients with AITD, and correlated positively with -SH, a well-known antioxidant, and negatively with LOOH, an index of lipid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Korkmaz
- a Edirne State Hospital, Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease , 22030 , Turkey
| | - Suzan Tabur
- b Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology , Gaziantep University , 27100 Sahinbey , Turkey
| | - Mesut Ozkaya
- b Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology , Gaziantep University , 27100 Sahinbey , Turkey
| | - Elif Oguz
- c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology , Harran University , 63300 Sanliurfa , Turkey
| | - Umut Elboga
- d Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine , Gaziantep University , 27100 Sahinbey , Turkey
| | - Nurten Aksoy
- e Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Harran University , 63300 Sanliurfa , Turkey
| | - Ersin Akarsu
- b Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology , Gaziantep University , 27100 Sahinbey , Turkey
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Simeoni L, Thurm C, Kritikos A, Linkermann A. Redox homeostasis, T cells and kidney diseases: three faces in the dark. Clin Kidney J 2015; 9:1-10. [PMID: 26798455 PMCID: PMC4720211 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfv135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The redox equilibrium is crucial for the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Here, we summarize recent data showing that oxidation regulates T-cell functions and that alterations of the redox equilibrium may play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory conditions affecting the kidneys. We further discuss potential links between oxidation, T cells and renal diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, renal ischaemia/reperfusion injury, end-stage renal disease and hypertension. The basic understanding of oxidation as a means by which diseases are directly affected results in unexpected pathophysiological similarities. Finally, we describe potential therapeutic options targeting redox systems for the treatment of nephropathies affecting humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Simeoni
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Christoph Thurm
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Andreas Kritikos
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Andreas Linkermann
- Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension , Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel , Germany
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Ates I, Yilmaz FM, Altay M, Yilmaz N, Berker D, Güler S. The relationship between oxidative stress and autoimmunity in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Eur J Endocrinol 2015; 173:791-9. [PMID: 26340971 DOI: 10.1530/eje-15-0617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We have aimed to study the relation between Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and thyroid autoantibodies and oxidative stress parameters in euthyroid, subclinical and overt hypothyroid stages. DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 124 patients were included in the study; 93 of whom were newly diagnosed with HT (31 patients in each of the euthyroid, subclinical hypothyroid and overt hypothyroid subgroups), aged over 18 and had not received any prior treatment and 31 of whom were healthy volunteers. RESULTS Total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were higher, and total antioxidant status (TAS) and total thiol and arylesterase levels were lower in the overt hypothyroid group compared to other groups. TOS and OSI levels increased, and TAS levels decreased significantly in each phase from euthyroid, subclinical hypothyroid, to overt hypothyroid subgroups among HT patients. There was a negative correlation between TAS, log (paraoxonase1) and paraoxonase1/HDL and anti-thyroid peroxidase and a negative correlation between anti-thyroglobulin and total thiol. It was also determined that overt hypothroidism was an individual predictor that effects all of the oxidative stress parameters, but not total thiol, levels. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that oxidative stress increases continuously during the development of subclinical hypothyroidism and overt hypothyroidism in patients with HT. To determine whether this is a cause or result, randomized, controlled trials that study the effect of antioxidant treatment on the development of overt hypothyroidism and its consequences, e.g., increase in total cholesterol levels, may be performed in euthyroid and/or subclinical hypothyroid patients with HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Ates
- Departments of Internal MedicineBiochemistryEndocrinologyAnkara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Sıhhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Fatma Meric Yilmaz
- Departments of Internal MedicineBiochemistryEndocrinologyAnkara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Sıhhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Altay
- Departments of Internal MedicineBiochemistryEndocrinologyAnkara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Sıhhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Nisbet Yilmaz
- Departments of Internal MedicineBiochemistryEndocrinologyAnkara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Sıhhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Dilek Berker
- Departments of Internal MedicineBiochemistryEndocrinologyAnkara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Sıhhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Serdar Güler
- Departments of Internal MedicineBiochemistryEndocrinologyAnkara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Sıhhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey
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48
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Baser H, Can U, Baser S, Yerlikaya FH, Aslan U, Hidayetoglu BT. Assesment of oxidative status and its association with thyroid autoantibodies in patients with euthyroid autoimmune thyroiditis. Endocrine 2015; 48:916-23. [PMID: 25150037 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-014-0399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress results from either overproduction of free radicals or insufficiency of several anti-oxidant defense systems. It leads to oxidation of main cellular macromolecules and a resultant molecular dysfunction. Thyroid hormones regulate oxidative metabolism and, thus, play a role in free radical production. Studies evaluating oxidative stress in patients with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism have been encountered in recent years; however, oxidative status in patients with euthyroid autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) was not investigated previously. Thirty-five subjects with euthyroid AIT and 35 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Serum oxidative status was determined by the measurement of total anti-oxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), and oxidized-low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) levels. Serum TAS levels were significantly lower (p<0.001), while serum TOS levels and IMA levels were significantly higher (p<0.001 and p=0.020, respectively) in patients compared to controls. In both groups, ox-LDL levels were similar (p=0.608). Serum TAS levels were negatively correlated with anti-thyroid peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) levels (rho=-0.415, p=0.001 and rho=-0.484, p<0.001, respectively). Serum TOS was positively correlated with anti-TG levels (rho=0.547, p<0.001). Further, TAS was positively correlated with free T4 levels (r=0.279, p=0.043). No correlation was observed between thyrotropin, free T3 levels, and TOS and TAS levels. These results suggest that oxidants are increased, and anti-oxidants are decreased in patients with euthyroid AIT, and oxidative/anti-oxidative balance is shifted to the oxidative side. Increased oxidative stress might have a role in thyroid autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husniye Baser
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Konya Education and Research Hospital, Meram, Konya, Turkey,
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49
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Hill EH, Zhang Y, Evans DG, Whitten DG. Enzyme-specific sensors via aggregation of charged p-phenylene ethynylenes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:5550-5560. [PMID: 25697234 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemical and biological sensors are sought for their ability to detect enzymes as biomarkers for symptoms of various disorders, or the presence of chemical pollutants or poisons. p-Phenylene ethynylene oligomers with pendant charged groups have been recently shown to have ideal photophysical properties for sensing. In this study, one anionic and one cationic oligomer are combined with substrates that are susceptible to enzymatic degradation by phospholipases or acetylcholinesterases. The photophysical properties of the J-aggregated oligomers with the substrate are ideal for sensing, with fluorescence quantum yields of the sensors enhanced between 30 and 66 times compared to the oligomers without substrate. The phospholipase sensor was used to monitor the activity of phospholipase A1 and A2 and obtain kinetic information, though phospholipase C did not degrade the sensor. The acetylcholinesterase sensor was used to monitor enzyme activity and was also used to detect the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by three different inhibitors. Phospholipase A2 is a biomarker for heart and circulatory disease, and acetylcholinesterase is a biomarker for Alzheimer's, and indicative of exposure to certain pesticides and nerve agents. This work shows that phenylene ethynylene oligomers can be tailored to enzyme-specific sensors by careful selection of substrates that induce formation of a molecular aggregate, and that the sensing of enzymes can be extended to enzyme kinetics and detection of inhibition. Furthermore, the aggregates were studied through all-atom molecular dynamics, providing a molecular-level view of the formation of the molecular aggregates and their structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric H Hill
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and ‡The Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering Program and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-1341, United States
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50
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Oxidative stress and immune system in vitiligo and thyroid diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:631927. [PMID: 25838868 PMCID: PMC4370195 DOI: 10.1155/2015/631927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is an acquired dermatological disease frequently associated with autoimmune thyroid disorders. Several theories have been proposed so far to unravel the complex vitiligo pathogenesis. Currently, the autocytotoxic and the autoimmune theories are the most accredited hypothesis, since they are sustained by several important clinical and experimental evidences. A growing body of evidences shows that autoimmunity and oxidative stress strictly interact to finally determine melanocyte loss. In this scenario, associated thyroid autoimmunity might play an active and important role in triggering and maintaining the depigmentation process of vitiligo.
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