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Brenman-Suttner D, Zayed A. An integrative genomic toolkit for studying the genetic, evolutionary, and molecular underpinnings of eusociality in insects. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 65:101231. [PMID: 38977215 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
While genomic resources for social insects have vastly increased over the past two decades, we are still far from understanding the genetic and molecular basis of eusociality. Here, we briefly review three scientific advancements that, when integrated, can be highly synergistic for advancing our knowledge of the genetics and evolution of eusocial traits. Population genomics provides a natural way to quantify the strength of natural selection on coding and regulatory sequences, highlighting genes that have undergone adaptive evolution during the evolution or maintenance of eusociality. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) can be used to characterize the complex genetic architecture underlying eusocial traits and identify candidate causal variants. Concurrently, CRISPR/Cas9 enables the precise manipulation of gene function to both validate genotype-phenotype associations and study the molecular biology underlying interesting traits. While each approach has its own advantages and disadvantages, which we discuss herein, we argue that their combination will ultimately help us better understand the genetics and evolution of eusocial behavior. Specifically, by triangulating across these three different approaches, researchers can directly identify and study loci that have a causal association with key phenotypes and have evidence of positive selection over the relevant timescales associated with the evolution and maintenance of eusociality in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amro Zayed
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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2
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Donthu R, Marcelino JAP, Giordano R, Tao Y, Weber E, Avalos A, Band M, Akraiko T, Chen SC, Reyes MP, Hao H, Ortiz-Alvarado Y, Cuff CA, Claudio EP, Soto-Adames F, Smith-Pardo AH, Meikle WG, Evans JD, Giray T, Abdelkader FB, Allsopp M, Ball D, Morgado SB, Barjadze S, Correa-Benitez A, Chakir A, Báez DR, Chavez NHM, Dalmon A, Douglas AB, Fraccica C, Fernández-Marín H, Galindo-Cardona A, Guzman-Novoa E, Horsburgh R, Kence M, Kilonzo J, Kükrer M, Le Conte Y, Mazzeo G, Mota F, Muli E, Oskay D, Ruiz-Martínez JA, Oliveri E, Pichkhaia I, Romane A, Sanchez CG, Sikombwa E, Satta A, Scannapieco AA, Stanford B, Soroker V, Velarde RA, Vercelli M, Huang Z. HBeeID: a molecular tool that identifies honey bee subspecies from different geographic populations. BMC Bioinformatics 2024; 25:278. [PMID: 39192185 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-024-05776-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Honey bees are the principal commercial pollinators. Along with other arthropods, they are increasingly under threat from anthropogenic factors such as the incursion of invasive honey bee subspecies, pathogens and parasites. Better tools are needed to identify bee subspecies. Genomic data for economic and ecologically important organisms is increasing, but in its basic form its practical application to address ecological problems is limited. RESULTS We introduce HBeeID a means to identify honey bees. The tool utilizes a knowledge-based network and diagnostic SNPs identified by discriminant analysis of principle components and hierarchical agglomerative clustering. Tests of HBeeID showed that it identifies African, Americas-Africanized, Asian, and European honey bees with a high degree of certainty even when samples lack the full 272 SNPs of HBeeID. Its prediction capacity decreases with highly admixed samples. CONCLUSION HBeeID is a high-resolution genomic, SNP based tool, that can be used to identify honey bees and screen species that are invasive. Its flexible design allows for future improvements via sample data additions from other localities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikiran Donthu
- Puerto Rico Science, Technology and Research Trust, San Juan, PR, 00927, USA
- Centre for Life Sciences, Mahindra University, Bahadurpally, Hyderabad, 500043, India
| | - Jose A P Marcelino
- Puerto Rico Science, Technology and Research Trust, San Juan, PR, 00927, USA
- Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Rosanna Giordano
- Puerto Rico Science, Technology and Research Trust, San Juan, PR, 00927, USA.
- Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
| | - Yudong Tao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Everett Weber
- Office of Institutional Research, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Arian Avalos
- USDA-ARS, Honey Bee Breeding, Genetics and Physiology Research, Baton Rouge, LA, 70820, USA
| | - Mark Band
- Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Tatsiana Akraiko
- Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Shu-Ching Chen
- Data Science and Analytics Innovation Center (dSAIC), University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA
| | - Maria P Reyes
- Knight Foundation School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Haiping Hao
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | | | - Charles A Cuff
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, 00931, USA
| | - Eddie Pérez Claudio
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
| | - Felipe Soto-Adames
- Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | | | - William G Meikle
- USDA-ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Research Center, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Jay D Evans
- USDA-ARS, Bee Research Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
| | - Tugrul Giray
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, 00931, USA.
| | - Faten B Abdelkader
- University of Carthage, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, 1082, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mike Allsopp
- Honey Bee Research Section, ARC-Plant Protection & Health, P/Bag X5017, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa
| | | | - Susana B Morgado
- Meltagus, Associação de Apicultores do Parque Natural do Tejo Internacional, 6000-790, Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Shalva Barjadze
- Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, 3 Giorgi Tsereteli Street, 0162, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Adriana Correa-Benitez
- Facultad de MedicinaVeterinaria y Zootecnia, Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Abejas, Conejos y Organismos Aquáticos (DMZ:ACyOA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, CP, Mexico
| | - Amina Chakir
- Applied Chemistry Laboratory, Semlalia Faculty of Sciences, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
| | | | - Nabor H M Chavez
- Cochabamba Beekeepers Federation (FEDAC), Aniceto Padilla, 493, Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Anne Dalmon
- INRAE, French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment. UR Abeilles et Environment, 84914, Avignon, France
| | - Adrian B Douglas
- Institute of Earth Systems, Rural Sciences Farmhouse, University of Malta, Msida, 2080, MSD, Malta
| | - Carmen Fraccica
- Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Hermógenes Fernández-Marín
- Centro de Biodiversidad y Descubrimiento de Drogas, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton Panama, 0843-01103, Panama
| | - Alberto Galindo-Cardona
- Instituto de Ecología Regional (IER), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Yerba Buena, CC 34, CP 4107, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Ernesto Guzman-Novoa
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Robert Horsburgh
- Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Meral Kence
- Biology Department, Middle East Technical University, 06530, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Joseph Kilonzo
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mert Kükrer
- Biology Department, Middle East Technical University, 06530, Ankara, Turkey
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Kilis 7 Aralık University, Kilis, Turkey
| | - Yves Le Conte
- INRAE, French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment. UR Abeilles et Environment, 84914, Avignon, France
| | - Gaetana Mazzeo
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A), Università Degli Studi Di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Fernando Mota
- Independent Beekeeper, 6000, Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Elliud Muli
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
- South Eastern Kenya University (SEKU), JXFW+X3C, Kitui, Kenya
| | - Devrim Oskay
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, 59030, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - José A Ruiz-Martínez
- Professional Training in Livestock and Animal Health, High School Lope de Vega, Fuente Obejuna, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Eugenia Oliveri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Igor Pichkhaia
- Chkhorotsku Local Historical Museum, David Aghmashenebeli St., 5000, Chkhorotsku, Georgia
| | - Abderrahmane Romane
- Applied Chemistry Laboratory, Semlalia Faculty of Sciences, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Cesar Guillen Sanchez
- Escuela de Agronomía, Sede del Atlántico, University of Costa Rica, Turrialba, 30501, Costa Rica
| | | | - Alberto Satta
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39A, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Brandi Stanford
- Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Victoria Soroker
- Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Entomology, Bet-Dagan, Israel
| | - Rodrigo A Velarde
- Bolivian Apiculture Institute (IAB), PROMIEL-SEDEM, Jaimes Freyre No 2344, La Paz, Bolivia
| | | | - Zachary Huang
- Department of Entomology, MSU Apiculture Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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3
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Bass C, Hayward A, Troczka BJ, Haas J, Nauen R. The molecular determinants of pesticide sensitivity in bee pollinators. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:170174. [PMID: 38246392 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Bees carry out vital ecosystem services by pollinating both wild and economically important crop plants. However, while performing this function, bee pollinators may encounter potentially harmful xenobiotics in the environment such as pesticides (fungicides, herbicides and insecticides). Understanding the key factors that influence the toxicological outcomes of bee exposure to these chemicals, in isolation or combination, is essential to safeguard their health and the ecosystem services they provide. In this regard, recent work using toxicogenomic and phylogenetic approaches has begun to identify, at the molecular level, key determinants of pesticide sensitivity in bee pollinators. These include detoxification systems that convert pesticides to less toxic forms and key residues in insecticide target-sites that underlie species-specific insecticide selectivity. Here we review this emerging body of research and summarise the state of knowledge of the molecular determinants of pesticide sensitivity in bee pollinators. We identify gaps in our knowledge for future research and examine how an understanding of the genetic basis of bee sensitivity to pesticides can be leveraged to, a) predict and avoid negative bee-pesticide interactions and facilitate the future development of pest-selective bee-safe insecticides, and b) inform traditional effect assessment approaches in bee pesticide risk assessment and address issues of ecotoxicological concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Bass
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, United Kingdom.
| | - Angela Hayward
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, United Kingdom
| | - Bartlomiej J Troczka
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Haas
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Alfred Nobel-Strasse 50, Monheim, Germany
| | - Ralf Nauen
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Alfred Nobel-Strasse 50, Monheim, Germany.
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4
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Wakamiya T, Kamioka T, Ishii Y, Takahashi J, Maeda T, Kawata M. Genetic differentiation and local adaptation of the Japanese honeybee, Apis cerana japonica. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10573. [PMID: 37780082 PMCID: PMC10541296 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We examine the population genetic structure and divergence among the regional populations of the Japanese honeybee, Apis cerana japonica, by re-sequencing the genomes of 105 individuals from the three main Japanese islands with diverse climates. The genetic structure results indicated that these individuals are distinct from the mainland Chinese A. cerana samples. Furthermore, population structure analyses have identified three genetically distinct geographic regions in Japan: Northern (Tohoku-Kanto-Chubu districts), Central (Chugoku district), and Southern (Kyushu district). In some districts, "possible non-native" individuals, likely introduced from other regions in recent years, were discovered. Then, genome-wide scans were conducted to detect candidate genes for adaptation by two different approaches. We performed a population branch statistics (PBS) analysis to identify candidate genes for population-specific divergence. A latent factor mixed model (LFMM) was used to identify genes associated with climatic variables along a geographic gradient. The PBSmax analysis identified 25 candidate genes for population-specific divergence whereas the LFMM analysis identified 73 candidate genes for adaptation to climatic variables along a geographic gradient. However, no common genes were identified by both methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Wakamiya
- Graduate School of Life SciencesTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
- Department of Biological SciencesTokyo Metropolitan UniversityHachiojiJapan
| | | | - Yuu Ishii
- Graduate School of Life SciencesTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | | | - Taro Maeda
- Institute for Agro‐Environmental Sciences (NIAES)NAROTsukubaJapan
| | - Masakado Kawata
- Graduate School of Life SciencesTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
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5
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Qiu L, Dong J, Li X, Parey SH, Tan K, Orr M, Majeed A, Zhang X, Luo S, Zhou X, Zhu C, Ji T, Niu Q, Liu S, Zhou X. Defining honeybee subspecies in an evolutionary context warrants strategized conservation. Zool Res 2023; 44:483-493. [PMID: 36994538 PMCID: PMC10236295 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the urgent need for conservation consideration, strategic action plans for the preservation of the Asian honeybee, Apis cerana Fabricius, 1793, remain lacking. Both the convergent and divergent adaptations of this widespread insect have led to confusing phenotypical traits and inconsistent infraspecific taxonomy. Unclear subspecies boundaries pose a significant challenge to honeybee conservation efforts, as it is difficult to effectively prioritize conservation targets without a clear understanding of subspecies identities. Here, we investigated genome variations in 362 worker bees representing almost all populations of mainland A. cerana to understand how evolution has shaped its population structure. Whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) based on nuclear sequences revealed eight putative subspecies, with all seven peripheral subspecies exhibiting mutually exclusive monophyly and distinct genetic divergence from the widespread central subspecies. Our results demonstrated that most classic morphological traits, including body size, were related to the climatic variables of the local habitats and did not reflect the true evolutionary history of the organism. Thus, such morphological traits were not suitable for subspecific delineation. Conversely, wing vein characters showed relative independence to the environment and supported the subspecies boundaries inferred from nuclear genomes. Mitochondrial phylogeny further indicated that the present subspecies structure was a result of multiple waves of population divergence from a common ancestor. Based on our findings, we propose that criteria for subspecies delineation should be based on evolutionary independence, trait distinction, and geographic isolation. We formally defined and described eight subspecies of mainland A. cerana. Elucidation of the evolutionary history and subspecies boundaries enables a customized conservation strategy for both widespread and endemic honeybee conservation units, guiding colony introduction and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Qiu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiangxing Dong
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xingan Li
- Key Laboratory for Bee Genetics and Breeding, Jilin Provincial Institute of Apicultural Sciences, Jilin, Jilin 132108, China
| | - Sajad H Parey
- Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri (Jammu and Kashmir) 185234, India
| | - Ken Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan 650000, China
| | - Michael Orr
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Aquib Majeed
- Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri (Jammu and Kashmir) 185234, India
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shiqi Luo
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xuguo Zhou
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Chaodong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ting Ji
- Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Qingsheng Niu
- Key Laboratory for Bee Genetics and Breeding, Jilin Provincial Institute of Apicultural Sciences, Jilin, Jilin 132108, China
| | - Shanlin Liu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. E-mail:
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. E-mail:
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6
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Tsvetkov N, Bahia S, Calla B, Berenbaum MR, Zayed A. Genetics of tolerance in honeybees to the neonicotinoid clothianidin. iScience 2023; 26:106084. [PMID: 36843853 PMCID: PMC9947305 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of neonicotinoid insecticides (NNIs) on honeybee health are intensely debated, with numerous studies showing negative effects of exposure, while others report no such effects. We carried out experiments to study the genetic and molecular basis of NNI tolerance in honeybees, which may underlie the discrepancies observed in the literature. We discovered that worker survival post-exposure to an acute oral dose of clothianidin is heritable (H 2 = 37.8%). Tolerance to clothianidin was not associated with differences in the expression of detoxification enzymes in our experiments. Instead, mutations in the primary neonicotinoid detoxification genes CYP9Q1 and CYP9Q3 were strongly associated with worker survival post-clothianidin exposure. In some instances, the strong association between CYP9Q haplotypes and worker survival was associated with the protein's predicted binding affinity for clothianidin. Our findings have implications regarding future toxicological studies utilizing honeybees as a model pollinator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadejda Tsvetkov
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Simran Bahia
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Bernarda Calla
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - May R. Berenbaum
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Amro Zayed
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
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7
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Bovo S, Utzeri VJ, Ribani A, Taurisano V, Schiavo G, Fontanesi L. A genotyping by sequencing approach can disclose Apis mellifera population genomic information contained in honey environmental DNA. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19541. [PMID: 36379985 PMCID: PMC9666642 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24101-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Awareness has been raised over the last years on the genetic integrity of autochthonous honey bee subspecies. Genomic tools available in Apis mellifera can make it possible to measure this information by targeting individual honey bee DNA. Honey contains DNA traces from all organisms that contributed or were involved in its production steps, including the honey bees of the colony. In this study, we designed and tested a genotyping by sequencing (GBS) assay to analyse single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of A. mellifera nuclear genome using environmental DNA extracted from honey. A total of 121 SNPs (97 SNPs informative for honey bee subspecies identification and 24 SNPs associated with relevant traits of the colonies) were used in the assay to genotype honey DNA, which derives from thousands of honey bees. Results were integrated with information derived from previous studies and whole genome resequencing datasets. This GBS method is highly reliable in estimating honey bee SNP allele frequencies of the whole colony from which the honey derived. This assay can be used to identify the honey bee subspecies of the colony that produced the honey and, in turn, to authenticate the entomological origin of the honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Bovo
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Division of Animal Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Giuseppe Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valerio Joe Utzeri
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Division of Animal Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Giuseppe Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Anisa Ribani
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Division of Animal Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Giuseppe Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valeria Taurisano
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Division of Animal Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Giuseppe Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Schiavo
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Division of Animal Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Giuseppe Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Fontanesi
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Division of Animal Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Giuseppe Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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8
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Dogantzis KA, Tiwari T, Conflitti IM, Dey A, Patch HM, Muli EM, Garnery L, Whitfield CW, Stolle E, Alqarni AS, Allsopp MH, Zayed A. Thrice out of Asia and the adaptive radiation of the western honey bee. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj2151. [PMID: 34860547 PMCID: PMC8641936 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj2151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The origin of the western honey bee Apis mellifera has been intensely debated. Addressing this knowledge gap is essential for understanding the evolution and genetics of one of the world’s most important pollinators. By analyzing 251 genomes from 18 native subspecies, we found support for an Asian origin of honey bees with at least three expansions leading to African and European lineages. The adaptive radiation of honey bees involved selection on a few genomic “hotspots.” We found 145 genes with independent signatures of selection across all bee lineages, and these genes were highly associated with worker traits. Our results indicate that a core set of genes associated with worker and colony traits facilitated the adaptive radiation of honey bees across their vast distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen A. Dogantzis
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, M3J 1P3 Ontario, Canada
| | - Tanushree Tiwari
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, M3J 1P3 Ontario, Canada
| | - Ida M. Conflitti
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, M3J 1P3 Ontario, Canada
| | - Alivia Dey
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, M3J 1P3 Ontario, Canada
| | - Harland M. Patch
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Elliud M. Muli
- Department of Life Science, South Eastern Kenya University (SEKU), P.O. Box 170-90200, Kitui, Kenya
| | - Lionel Garnery
- Laboratoire Evolution Génome Comportement Ecologie (EGCE) UMR 9191, Gif sur-Yvette, France
| | - Charles W. Whitfield
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Eckart Stolle
- LIB–Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change Museum Koenig, Center of Molecular Biodiversity Research Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Abdulaziz S. Alqarni
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael H. Allsopp
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Council, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Amro Zayed
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, M3J 1P3 Ontario, Canada
- Corresponding author.
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9
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Bresnahan ST, Döke MA, Giray T, Grozinger CM. Tissue-specific transcriptional patterns underlie seasonal phenotypes in honey bees (Apis mellifera). Mol Ecol 2021; 31:174-184. [PMID: 34643007 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Faced with adverse conditions, such as winter in temperate regions or hot and dry conditions in tropical regions, many insect species enter a state of diapause, a period of dormancy associated with a reduction or arrest of physical activity, development and reproduction. Changes in common physiological pathways underlie diapause phenotypes in different insect species. However, most transcriptomic studies of diapause have not simultaneously evaluated and compared expression patterns in different tissues. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) represent a unique model system to study the mechanisms underpinning diapause-related phenotypes. In winter, honey bees exhibit a classic diapause phenotype, with reduced metabolic activity, increased physiological nutritional resources and altered hormonal profiles. However, winter bees actively heat their colony by vibrating their wing muscles; thus, this tissue is not quiescent. Here, we evaluated the transcriptional profiles of flight muscle tissue and fat body tissue (involved in nutrient storage, metabolism and immune function) of winter bees. We also evaluated two behavioural phenotypes of summer bees: nurses, which exhibit high nutritional stores and low flight activity, and foragers, which exhibit low nutritional stores and high flight activity. We found winter bees and nurses have similar fat body transcriptional profiles, whereas winter bees and foragers have similar flight muscle transcriptional profiles. Additionally, differentially expressed genes were enriched in diapause-related gene ontology terms. Thus, honey bees exhibit tissue-specific transcriptional profiles associated with seasonal phenotypes, laying the groundwork for future studies evaluating the mechanisms, evolution and consequences of this tissue-specific regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean T Bresnahan
- Department of Entomology, Center for Pollinator Research, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA.,Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Biosciences Graduate Program, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mehmet A Döke
- Department of Entomology, Center for Pollinator Research, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Biology and Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Tugrul Giray
- Department of Biology and Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Christina M Grozinger
- Department of Entomology, Center for Pollinator Research, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
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10
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Robinson AC, Peeler JL, Prestby T, Goslee SC, Anton K, Grozinger CM. Beescape: Characterizing user needs for environmental decision support in beekeeping. ECOL INFORM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2021.101366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Abou-Shaara HF, Al-Ghamdi AA, Khan KA, Al-Kahtani SN. Genetic network analysis between Apis mellifera subspecies based on mtDNA argues the purity of specimens from North Africa, the Levant and Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2718-2725. [PMID: 34025158 PMCID: PMC8117108 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to analyze the genetic relationships between honey bee subspecies using reference specimens and recently collected specimens from different parts of the world. The purity of these specimens was discussed in light of the obtained results. Methods The genetic networks were constructed between 21 subspecies of honey bees, Apis mellifera L.: 9 in Africa, 7 in Europe and 5 in Asia. The analysis was performed using the mtDNA of these subspecies and the Population Analysis with Reticulate Trees software. Some subspecies were represented by more than two specimens based on the available online sequences. Results and conclusions The subspecies A. m. sahariensis from Africa showed unique characteristics and is genetically isolated than all other studied bee subspecies. Specimens collected from Saudi Arabia showed genetic relatedness to A. m. jemenitica, A. m. lamarckii, and some European subspecies, suggesting high degree of hybridization. The close genetic relationship between the Egyptian bees, A. m. lamarckii, and the Syrian bees, A. m. syriaca, were emphasized. The overall genetic network showed the presence of three distinct branches in relation to geographical locations. The high accurateness of the used analysis was confirmed by previous phylogenetic studies as well as the genetic relationships between hybrid bees of A. m. capensis and A. m. scutellata. The genetic networks showed the presence of bee subspecies from Africa in all branches including Europe and Asia. The study suggests the impurity of some specimens mostly due to the hybridization between subspecies. Specific recommendations for future conservation efforts of bees were presented in light of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam F Abou-Shaara
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Ahmad A Al-Ghamdi
- Chair of Engineer Abdullah Ahmad Buqshan for Bee Research, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad N Al-Kahtani
- Arid Land Agriculture Department, College of Agricultural Sciences & Foods, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Disentangling Ethiopian Honey Bee ( Apis mellifera) Populations Based on Standard Morphometric and Genetic Analyses. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12030193. [PMID: 33668715 PMCID: PMC7996220 DOI: 10.3390/insects12030193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary We conducted this population study of Ethiopian honey bees, using morphometric and genetic methods, to decipher their controversial classification. These honey bees are highly diverse and showed differentiation based on size and genetic information according to prevailing agro-ecological conditions, demonstrating morphological and molecular signatures of local adaptation. The results of both morphometric and genetic analyses suggest that Ethiopian honey bees differ from populations in the neighboring geographic regions and are characterized by extensive gene flow within the country, enhanced by honey bee colony trade. Consequently, future research that includes studying traits of vitality, behavior and colony performance of honey bees in remaining pocket areas of highland agro-ecological zones could contribute to the development of appropriate conservation management. Abstract The diversity and local differentiation of honey bees are subjects of broad general interest. In particular, the classification of Ethiopian honey bees has been a subject of debate for decades. Here, we conducted an integrated analysis based on classical morphometrics and a putative nuclear marker (denoted r7-frag) for elevational adaptation to classify and characterize these honey bees. Therefore, 660 worker bees were collected out of 66 colonies from highland, midland and lowland agro-ecological zones (AEZs) and were analyzed in reference to populations from neighboring countries. Multivariate morphometric analyses show that our Ethiopian samples are separate from Apis mellifera scutellata, A. m. jemenitica, A. m. litorea and A. m. monticola, but are closely related to A. m. simensis reference. Linear discriminant analysis showed differentiation according to AEZs in the form of highland, midland and lowland ecotypes. Moreover, size was positively correlated with elevation. Similarly, our Ethiopian samples were differentiated from A. m. monticola and A. m. scutellata based on r7-frag. There was a low tendency towards genetic differentiation between the Ethiopian samples, likely impacted by increased gene flow. However, the differentiation slightly increased with increasing elevational differences, demonstrated by the highland bees that showed higher differentiation from the lowland bees (FST = 0.024) compared to the midland bees (FST = 0.015). An allelic length polymorphism was detected (denoted as d) within r7-frag, showing a patterned distribution strongly associated with AEZ (X2 = 11.84, p < 0.01) and found predominantly in highland and midland bees of some pocket areas. In conclusion, the Ethiopian honey bees represented in this study are characterized by high gene flow that suppresses differentiation.
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13
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Momeni J, Parejo M, Nielsen RO, Langa J, Montes I, Papoutsis L, Farajzadeh L, Bendixen C, Căuia E, Charrière JD, Coffey MF, Costa C, Dall'Olio R, De la Rúa P, Drazic MM, Filipi J, Galea T, Golubovski M, Gregorc A, Grigoryan K, Hatjina F, Ilyasov R, Ivanova E, Janashia I, Kandemir I, Karatasou A, Kekecoglu M, Kezic N, Matray ES, Mifsud D, Moosbeckhofer R, Nikolenko AG, Papachristoforou A, Petrov P, Pinto MA, Poskryakov AV, Sharipov AY, Siceanu A, Soysal MI, Uzunov A, Zammit-Mangion M, Vingborg R, Bouga M, Kryger P, Meixner MD, Estonba A. Authoritative subspecies diagnosis tool for European honey bees based on ancestry informative SNPs. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:101. [PMID: 33535965 PMCID: PMC7860026 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07379-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With numerous endemic subspecies representing four of its five evolutionary lineages, Europe holds a large fraction of Apis mellifera genetic diversity. This diversity and the natural distribution range have been altered by anthropogenic factors. The conservation of this natural heritage relies on the availability of accurate tools for subspecies diagnosis. Based on pool-sequence data from 2145 worker bees representing 22 populations sampled across Europe, we employed two highly discriminative approaches (PCA and FST) to select the most informative SNPs for ancestry inference. RESULTS Using a supervised machine learning (ML) approach and a set of 3896 genotyped individuals, we could show that the 4094 selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) provide an accurate prediction of ancestry inference in European honey bees. The best ML model was Linear Support Vector Classifier (Linear SVC) which correctly assigned most individuals to one of the 14 subspecies or different genetic origins with a mean accuracy of 96.2% ± 0.8 SD. A total of 3.8% of test individuals were misclassified, most probably due to limited differentiation between the subspecies caused by close geographical proximity, or human interference of genetic integrity of reference subspecies, or a combination thereof. CONCLUSIONS The diagnostic tool presented here will contribute to a sustainable conservation and support breeding activities in order to preserve the genetic heritage of European honey bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Momeni
- Eurofins Genomics Europe Genotyping A/S (EFEG), (Former GenoSkan A/S), Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Melanie Parejo
- Laboratory Genetics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bilbao, Spain.,Swiss Bee Research Center, Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rasmus O Nielsen
- Eurofins Genomics Europe Genotyping A/S (EFEG), (Former GenoSkan A/S), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jorge Langa
- Laboratory Genetics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Iratxe Montes
- Laboratory Genetics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Laetitia Papoutsis
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Leila Farajzadeh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christian Bendixen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eliza Căuia
- Institutul de Cercetare Dezvoltare pentru Apicultura SA, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Cecilia Costa
- CREA Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Janja Filipi
- Department of Ecology, Agronomy and Aquaculture, University of Zadar, Zadar, Croatia
| | | | | | - Ales Gregorc
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | | | - Fani Hatjina
- Department of Apiculture, Agricultural Organization 'DEMETER', Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Rustem Ilyasov
- Division of Life Sciences, Major of Biological Sciences, and Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon, Korea.,Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Mifsud
- Division of Rural Sciences and Food Systems, Institute of Earth Systems, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Rudolf Moosbeckhofer
- Österreichische Agentur für Gesundheit und Ernährungssicherheit GmbH, Wien, Austria
| | - Alexei G Nikolenko
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | | | - Plamen Petrov
- Agricultural University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - M Alice Pinto
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Aleksandr V Poskryakov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | | | - Adrian Siceanu
- Institutul de Cercetare Dezvoltare pentru Apicultura SA, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Aleksandar Uzunov
- Landesbetrieb Landwirtschaft Hessen, Bee Institute Kirchhain, Kirchhain, Germany.,Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | | | - Rikke Vingborg
- Eurofins Genomics Europe Genotyping A/S (EFEG), (Former GenoSkan A/S), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maria Bouga
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Per Kryger
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Marina D Meixner
- Landesbetrieb Landwirtschaft Hessen, Bee Institute Kirchhain, Kirchhain, Germany
| | - Andone Estonba
- Laboratory Genetics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bilbao, Spain.
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14
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Tihelka E, Cai C, Pisani D, Donoghue PCJ. Mitochondrial genomes illuminate the evolutionary history of the Western honey bee (Apis mellifera). Sci Rep 2020; 10:14515. [PMID: 32884034 PMCID: PMC7471700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71393-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Western honey bees (Apis mellifera) are one of the most important pollinators of agricultural crops and wild plants. Despite the growth in the availability of sequence data for honey bees, the phylogeny of the species remains a subject of controversy. Most notably, the geographic origin of honey bees is uncertain, as are the relationships among its constituent lineages and subspecies. We aim to infer the evolutionary and biogeographical history of the honey bee from mitochondrial genomes. Here we analyse the full mitochondrial genomes of 18 A. mellifera subspecies, belonging to all major lineages, using a range of gene sampling strategies and inference models to identify factors that may have contributed to the recovery of incongruent results in previous studies. Our analyses support a northern African or Middle Eastern origin of A. mellifera. We show that the previously suggested European and Afrotropical cradles of honey bees are the result of phylogenetic error. Monophyly of the M, C, and O lineages is strongly supported, but the A lineage appears paraphyletic. A. mellifera colonised Europe through at least two pathways, across the Strait of Gibraltar and via Asia Minor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Tihelka
- Department of Animal Science, Hartpury College, Hartpury, GL19 3BE, UK.
| | - Chenyang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, and Centre for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK.
| | - Davide Pisani
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Philip C J Donoghue
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
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15
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Guoth AW, Chernyshova AM, Thompson GJ. Gene-regulatory context of honey bee worker sterility. Biosystems 2020; 198:104235. [PMID: 32882324 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The highly organized societies of the Western honey bee Apis mellifera feature a highly reproductive queen at the center of attention and a large cohort of daughters that suppress their own reproduction to help rear more sisters, some of whom become queens themselves. This reproductive altruism is peculiar because in theory it evolves via indirect selection on genes for altruism that are expressed in the sterile workers but not in the reproductive queens. In this study we attempt to situate lists of genes previously implicated in queenright worker sterility into a broader regulatory framework. To do so we use a model bee brain transcriptional regulatory network as a template to infer how sets of genes responsive to ovary-suppressing queen pheromone are functionally interconnected over the model's topology. We predict that genes jointly involved in the regulation of worker sterility should be tightly networked, relative to genes whose functions are unrelated to each other. We find that sets of mapped genes - ranging in size from 17 to 250 - are well dispersed across the network's substructural scaffolds, suggesting that ovary de-activation involves genes that reside within more than one transcriptional regulatory module. For some sets, however, this dispersion is biased into certain areas of the network's substructure. Our analysis identifies the regions enriched for sterility genes and likewise identifies local hub genes that are presumably critical to subnetwork function. Our work offers a glimpse into the gene regulatory context of honey bee worker sterility and uses this context to identify new candidate gene targets for functional analysis. Finally, to the extent that any sterility-related modules identified here have evolved via selection for worker altruism, we can assume that this selection was indirect and of the type specifically invoked by inclusive fitness theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex W Guoth
- Biology Department, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Anna M Chernyshova
- Biology Department, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Graham J Thompson
- Biology Department, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada.
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16
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Groeneveld LF, Kirkerud LA, Dahle B, Sunding M, Flobakk M, Kjos M, Henriques D, Pinto MA, Berg P. Conservation of the dark bee ( Apis mellifera mellifera): Estimating C-lineage introgression in Nordic breeding stocks. ACTA AGR SCAND A-AN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09064702.2020.1770327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. F. Groeneveld
- Farm Animal Section, The Nordic Genetic Resource Center, Ås, Norway
| | | | - B. Dahle
- Norges Birøkterlag, Kløfta, Norway
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - M. Sunding
- The Danish Agricultural Agency, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - D. Henriques
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - M. A. Pinto
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - P. Berg
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
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17
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Grozinger CM, Zayed A. Improving bee health through genomics. Nat Rev Genet 2020; 21:277-291. [DOI: 10.1038/s41576-020-0216-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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18
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Yang J, Jiao Z, Wen X, Liu B, Huang J, Ding G. The complete mitochondrial genome of the Xinyuan honey bee, Apis mellifera sinisxinyuan (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apidae). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2020; 5:486-487. [PMID: 33366614 PMCID: PMC7748717 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1705927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the complete mitochondrial genome of the recently discovered Xinyuan honey bee, Apis mellifera sinisxinyuan using single molecule real-time sequencing. The mitochondrial genome of A. m. sinisxinyuan is a circular molecule of 16,886 bp, comprising 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and a control region rich in A + T. Phylogenetic analysis using 13 protein-coding genes supports a close relationship to another M-lineage honey bee, A. m. mellifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Yang
- Yili Prefecture Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ziwei Jiao
- College of Bio-and Geo-Sciences, YiLi Normal University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xuemei Wen
- Yili Prefecture Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Xinjiang, China
| | - Bei Liu
- Yili Prefecture Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guiling Ding
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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