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Safeer R, Liu G, Yousaf B, Ashraf A, Haider MIS, Cheema AI, Ijaz S, Rashid A, Sikandar A, Pikoń K. Insights into the biogeochemical transformation, environmental impacts and biochar-based soil decontamination of antimony. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118645. [PMID: 38485077 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Every year, a significant amount of antimony (Sb) enters the environment from natural and anthropogenic sources like mining, smelting, industrial operations, ore processing, vehicle emissions, shooting activities, and coal power plants. Humans, plants, animals, and aquatic life are heavily exposed to hazardous Sb or antimonide by either direct consumption or indirect exposure to Sb in the environment. This review summarizes the current knowledge about Sb global occurrence, its fate, distribution, speciation, associated health hazards, and advanced biochar composites studies used for the remediation of soil contaminated with Sb to lessen Sb bioavailability and toxicity in soil. Anionic metal(loid) like Sb in the soil is significantly immobilized by pristine biochar and its composites, reducing their bioavailability. However, a comprehensive review of the impacts of biochar-based composites on soil Sb remediation is needed. Therefore, the current review focuses on (1) the fundamental aspects of Sb global occurrence, global soil Sb contamination, its transformation in soil, and associated health hazards, (2) the role of different biochar-based composites in the immobilization of Sb from soil to increase biochar applicability toward Sb decontamination. The review aids in developing advanced, efficient, and effective engineered biochar composites for Sb remediation by evaluating novel materials and techniques and through sustainable management of Sb-contaminated soil, ultimately reducing its environmental and health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Safeer
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Guijian Liu
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China.
| | - Balal Yousaf
- Department of Technologies and Installations for Waste Management, Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44 -100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Aniqa Ashraf
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Muhammad Irtaza Sajjad Haider
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Ayesha Imtiyaz Cheema
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Samra Ijaz
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Audil Rashid
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Anila Sikandar
- Department of Environmental Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 650500, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Krzysztof Pikoń
- Department of Technologies and Installations for Waste Management, Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44 -100, Gliwice, Poland
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Wan Y, Liu J, Zhuang Z, Wang Q, Li H. Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils: Sources, Influencing Factors, and Remediation Strategies. TOXICS 2024; 12:63. [PMID: 38251018 PMCID: PMC10819638 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Soil heavy metal pollution is a global environmental challenge, posing significant threats to eco-environment, agricultural development, and human health. In recent years, advanced and effective remediation strategies for heavy metal-contaminated soils have developed rapidly, and a systematical summarization of this progress is important. In this review paper, first, the anthropogenic sources of heavy metals in agricultural soils, including atmospheric deposition, animal manure, mineral fertilizers, and pesticides, are summarized. Second, the accumulation of heavy metals in crops as influenced by the plant characteristics and soil factors is analyzed. Then, the reducing strategies, including low-metal cultivar selection/breeding, physiological blocking, water management, and soil amendment are evaluated. Finally, the phytoremediation in terms of remediation efficiency and applicability is discussed. Therefore, this review provides helpful guidance for better selection and development of the control/remediation technologies for heavy metal-contaminated agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Huafen Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.W.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (Q.W.)
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Kim DM, Bang S, Im DG, Yoon S. Synergistic effect from combined use of scrap-recycling slag and hydrated lime to stabilize Pb and Zn in highly contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:4220-4237. [PMID: 38102423 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31527-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
For the soil in an area which has been repeatedly chosen as one of the 10 most polluted places in the world, stabilization of Pb and Zn was assessed in batch, incubation, and column experiments. Single and combined amendment of scrap-recycling slag (Slag-R), charcoal, coal ash, hydrated lime, and basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag were applied for the stabilization. Notably, the combined amendment of Slag-R and hydrated lime exhibited superior stabilization efficiencies than the individual use of all stabilizing agents and combined use of charcoal and hydrated lime. The combined amendment of Slag-R and hydrated lime decreased Pb levels by 92-99% and Zn levels by 63-88% in the incubation experiments and by 75% and 89-93%, respectively, in the column experiments. In particular, the combined amendment showed a synergistic effect for Pb stabilization because a higher pH enhanced sorption onto the slag and because sorption onto Fe (hydr)oxides of the sorbent possibly helped to remove Pb. Zinc had a relatively lower sorption tendency, so it was mainly controlled by the pH increase from hydrated lime. Although the addition of hydrated lime was very effective in stabilizing high concentrations of Pb and Zn, the dosage should be controlled carefully because excessively high pH redissolves Pb and Zn as anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duk-Min Kim
- Department of New Energy and Mining Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju, 26339, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sunbaek Bang
- Korea Mine Rehabilitation and Mineral Resources Corporation (KOMIR), Wonju, 26464, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Gyu Im
- Department of New Energy and Mining Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju, 26339, Republic of Korea
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmoon Yoon
- Korea Mine Rehabilitation and Mineral Resources Corporation (KOMIR), Wonju, 26464, Republic of Korea
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Stabilization of Hg2+ and Pb2+ in soil using humic acid residue modified by NH4H2PO4. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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Dotaniya ML, Nagar MC, Sharma A, Dotaniya CK, S R, Singh VB, Doutaniya RK, Saha JK. Management of acid and alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenase activities by sugarcane industry waste under lead contamination- A case study of Indian Vertisol. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286223. [PMID: 37256859 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil fertility management and crop productivity both are inter-related need extensive attention for sustainability. Industries are being built, which over time produces a lot of effluents containing heavy metal(s), which is then dumped on healthy soils and water bodies. Long-term discharge of lead (Pb)-containing wastewater resulted in significant Pb buildup as well as a decrease in soil biological activity. In this experiment, graded dose of Pb, i.e. 0, 100, 150 and 300 mg/kg and pressmud (PM) (0, 2.5, 5, 10 g/kg) were applied to monitor the Pb toxic effect on soil acid and alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenase activity. Different treatment combinations were formulated and the experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. In this experiment, spinach crop was used as a test crop. According to the findings, increased Pb levels in the soil lowered dehydrogenase activity (DHA), acid and alkaline phosphatase. The addition of PM enhanced enzymatic activities by decreasing the labile fraction of Pb in the soil. Incorporation of PM improved the soil enzymatic activities as alkaline phosphatase activity > DHA > acid phosphatase activity in the study. This study suggested that the addition of 10 g/kg PM reduced Pb toxicity (contamination level 300 mg/kg) and improved the soil microbial properties in black soil. These findings are very useful for the remediation of Pb contaminated soil with the help of PM, particularly in peri-urban Pb effluent irrigated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Dotaniya
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, India
- ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research Sewar, Bharatpur, India
| | - M C Nagar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Gwalior, India
| | - Amita Sharma
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Gwalior, India
| | - C K Dotaniya
- Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, India
| | - Rajendiran S
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, India
- Division of Natural Resources, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, India
| | - V B Singh
- Department of Agricultural Statistics,College of Agriculture, Gwalior, India
| | - R K Doutaniya
- Department of Agronomy, SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner, India
| | - J K Saha
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, India
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Lian W, Shi W, Tian S, Gong X, Yu Q, Lu H, Liu Z, Zheng J, Wang Y, Bian R, Li L, Pan G. Preparation and application of biochar from co-pyrolysis of different feedstocks for immobilization of heavy metals in contaminated soil. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 163:12-21. [PMID: 36989826 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Co-pyrolysis is a potentially effective method for both biomass waste management and multi-functional biochar-based product design. It involves the thermochemical decomposition of biomass waste under anoxic conditions, which can reduce the cost of disposal and produce biochar with beneficial properties. Herein, this study aimed to investigate the properties and environmental applications of biochar from single- and mixed- feedstocks of wheat straw, rice husk, pig manure, and oyster shell at 450 ℃, respectively. A pot experiment with Chinese cabbage was carried out to compare the effects of biochars with limestone on soil Cd and Pb immobilization at two harvest periods. The results indicated that co-pyrolysis of various biomasses exhibited synthetic effects on promoting the calorific value of syngas and enhancing the quality of produced biochar. The pot experiment revealed a significant promotion on soil pH, soil organic matter, cation exchange capacity, and soluble Ca, which consequently reduced Cd and Pb availability. In contrast with limestone treatment, soil amendment with single biomass-derived and co-pyrolysis-derived (COPB) biochars had a significant positive impact on soil fertility and microbial biomass. Application of COPB at a 0.5% dosage consistently and most effectively enhanced the shoot biomass, increased leaf Vitamin C content but reduced leaf content of nitrate and heavy metals in both harvests. Using COPB for soil remediation would be financially visible due to the enhancement of crop yield. Therefore, this study proposes a strategy for targeted enhancement of the functions of biochar derived from co-pyrolysis of selected biomass waste for soil remediation and agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Lian
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; School of Water Conservancy and Hydroeletric Power, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
| | - Shuai Tian
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xueliu Gong
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qiuyu Yu
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haifei Lu
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jufeng Zheng
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rongjun Bian
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Lianqing Li
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Genxing Pan
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
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Chen T, Duan L, Cheng S, Jiang S, Yan B. The preparation of paddy soil amendment using granite and marble waste: Performance and mechanisms. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 127:564-576. [PMID: 36522086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The wastes generated from the mining and processing of granite and marble stone are generally regarded as useless. However, these waste materials were used as the soil amendments for the first time. The functional groups, crystalline structure and micro-morphology of granite and marble wastes amendments (GMWA) were different from the original wastes demonstrated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and Scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS) analyses. With the addition of the amendments, the cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity and nutrient availability of the soil increased, and the extractable heavy metals of the soil reduced significantly. Under the condition of the addition of 3% amendments, 7.0%, 99.9%, 99.7% and 70.5% of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in exchangeable fractions in soil were transformed to the more stable Fe-Mn oxides- or carbonates-bounded fractions. Tessier method and correlation analysis showed that the reduction of extractable metals in the acidic paddy soil can be attributed to the adsorption of available SiO2, the co-precipitation induced by the elevated pH value, the complexation induced by Fe-Mn oxides and the cation exchange induced by mineral nutrients. This study provides a new strategy for resource recovery of waste stones and remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Lianxin Duan
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sheng Cheng
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shaojun Jiang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bo Yan
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Vuong TX, Stephen J, Nguyen TTT, Cao V, Pham DTN. Insight into the Speciation of Heavy Metals in the Contaminated Soil Incubated with Corn Cob-Derived Biochar and Apatite. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052225. [PMID: 36903469 PMCID: PMC10005082 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil heavy metal contamination is a severe issue. The detrimental impact of contaminated heavy metals on the ecosystem depends on the chemical form of heavy metals. Biochar produced at 400 °C (CB400) and 600 °C (CB600) from corn cob was applied to remediate Pb and Zn in contaminated soil. After a one month amendment with biochar (CB400 and CB600) and apatite (AP) with the ratio of 3%, 5%, 10%, and 3:3% and 5:5% of the weight of biochar and apatite, the untreated and treated soil were extracted using Tessier's sequence extraction procedure. The five chemical fractions of the Tessier procedure were the exchangeable fraction (F1), carbonate fraction (F2), Fe/Mn oxide fraction (F3), organic matter (F4), and residual fraction (F5). The concentration of heavy metals in the five chemical fractions was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). The results showed that the total concentration of Pb and Zn in the soil was 3023.70 ± 98.60 mg kg-1 and 2034.33 ± 35.41 mg kg-1, respectively. These figures were 15.12 and 6.78 times higher than the limit standard set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA 2010), indicating the high level of contamination of Pb and Zn in the studied soil. The treated soil's pH, OC, and EC increased significantly compared to the untreated soil (p > 0.05). The chemical fraction of Pb and Zn was in the descending sequence of F2 (67%) > F5 (13%) > F1 (10%) > F3 (9%) > F4 (1%) and F2~F3 (28%) > F5 (27%) > F1 (16%) > F4 (0.4%), respectively. The amendment of BC400, BC600, and apatite significantly reduced the exchangeable fraction of Pb and Zn and increased the other stable fractions including F3, F4, and F5, especially at the rate of 10% of biochar and a combination of 5:5% of biochar and apatite. The effects of CB400 and CB600 on the reduction in the exchangeable fraction of Pb and Zn were almost the same (p > 0.05). The results showed that CB400, CB600, and the mixture of these biochars with apatite applied at 5% or 10% (w/w) could immobilize lead and zinc in soil and reduce the threat to the surrounding environment. Therefore, biochar derived from corn cob and apatite could be promising materials for immobilizing heavy metals in multiple-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong Xuan Vuong
- Faculty of Chemistry, TNU-University of Science, Thai Nguyen City 24000, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (T.X.V.); (D.T.N.P.)
| | - Joseph Stephen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of NSW, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Center of Biochar and Green Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
- ISEM and School of Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Thi Thu Thuy Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, TNU-University of Science, Thai Nguyen City 24000, Vietnam
| | - Viet Cao
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Hung Vuong University, Viet Tri City 35120, Vietnam
| | - Dung Thuy Nguyen Pham
- NTT Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (T.X.V.); (D.T.N.P.)
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Luo Y, Tan C, He Y, Chen Y, Wan Z, Fu T, Wu Y. Rhizosphere activity induced mobilization of heavy metals immobilized by combined amendments in a typical lead/zinc smelter-contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137556. [PMID: 36528153 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The persistence of the stabilization effect of amendments on heavy metals (HMs) is of great concern when they are used for remediating HM-contaminated soil. Here, pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of two consecutive seasons of vegetable cultivation on the mobilization of HMs (Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd) immobilized by different application ratios (0, 20, 40, and 80 g kg-1, labelled C0, C2, C4, and C8) of a combined amendments (lime: sepiolite: biochar: humic acid = 2:2:1:1). The results showed that HM bioavailability decreased with increasing application ratios of the combined amendments in control (CK) treatments. The DOC contents, HM bioavailability, and HM contents in the leaves of vegetables increased, but the pH decreased during two consecutive seasons of vegetable cultivation; however, the HM bioavailability in the C2, C4, and C8 treatments was lower than that in the C0 treatments with vegetables. Catalase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, and dehydrogenase activities in the combined amendment treatments with and without vegetables were decreased compared to those in the C0 treatments. The relative abundances of the dominant bacterial phyla in the different treatments were Actinobacteria > Proteobacteria > Chloroflexi > Acidobacteria > Gemmatimonadetes > Bacteroidetes for the first season and Proteobacteria > Actinobacteria > Chloroflexi > Acidobacteria > Bacteroidetes > Gemmatimonadetes for the second season. Correlations showed that the pH and DOM properties during two consecutive seasons of vegetable cultivation were important factors influencing HM bioavailability, enzyme activity, and bacterial community composition. The bacterial community composition shift indirectly influenced the mobilization of HMs immobilized by the combined amendments. Thus, rhizosphere activity induced the mobilization of HMs immobilized by combined amendments during two consecutive seasons of vegetable cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youfa Luo
- Key Laboratory of Kast Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Hostile Environment Ecological Restoration Technology Engineering Research Centre, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Chuanjing Tan
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yu He
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yulu Chen
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zuyan Wan
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Tianling Fu
- The New Rural Development Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yonggui Wu
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Hostile Environment Ecological Restoration Technology Engineering Research Centre, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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Cui S, Wang Z, Li X, Wang H, Wang H, Chen W. A comprehensive assessment of heavy metal(loid) contamination in leafy vegetables grown in two mining areas in Yunnan, China-a focus on bioaccumulation of cadmium in Malabar spinach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:14959-14974. [PMID: 36161572 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23017-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of leafy vegetables grown in heavy metal(loid)-polluted mining areas pose serious health risks. This study aimed to explore the heavy metal(loid) contamination of leafy vegetables near two mining areas, by collecting samples from 14 different leafy vegetable species in Yunnan Province, China. The lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and copper (Cu) contents of the samples were determined, and risks to human health were calculated using the hazard quotient and hazard index (HI). Moreover, Malabar spinach was identified as a leafy vegetable that exhibits low accumulation of heavy metal(loid)s. The accumulation capacity of different Malabar spinach varieties was verified, and a Cd soil safety threshold was determined using a pot experiment. Overall, Pb and Cd were the main soil and vegetable contaminants found in both study sites. The HI values for all leafy vegetables, apart from Malabar spinach, were greater than 1, indicating the presence of risks to human health; moreover, the health risks were greater for children than adults. The Malabar spinach pot experiment results showed that only some Cd forms exceeded China's maximum permissible standards. Furthermore, Malabar spinach varieties A (instant Malabar spinach), C (extra-large leaf green vine Malabar spinach), and F (large leaf Malabar spinach) displayed the lowest Cd accumulation. We calculated Cd total and bioavailable soil safety thresholds of 4.75 and 0.77 mg kg-1, respectively. However, further research is required to validate soil heavy metal safety thresholds for different vegetables. Ultimately, the heavy metal(loid) contamination of leafy vegetables described here was more serious than anticipated. Finally, the results of this study can inform residents living near these mining areas of a low-risk leafy vegetable, which will reduce the harm caused by heavy metal(loid) contamination in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suping Cui
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhongzhen Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xingjian Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Hongbin Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Haijuan Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
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11
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Jack Bean Development in Multimetal Contaminated Soil Amended with Coffee Waste-Derived Biochars. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10102157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee waste-derived biochar was found to immobilize heavy metals in contaminated soil, although there are few studies involving these materials. Given the large amount of waste generated in the coffee industry, this presents a relevant opportunity to contribute to the circular economy and environmental sustainability. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the application of biochars derived from coffee grounds and coffee parchment in the remediation of a Cd, Zn and Pb contaminated soil and at the development of jack beans (Canavalia ensiformis) in this area’s revegetation. The biochars were pyrolyzed at 700 °C, and the treatments were: contaminated soil (CT); contaminated soil + calcium carbonate (CaCO3); contaminated soil + 5% (weight (w)/weitght (w)) coffee ground biochar and contaminated soil + 5% (w/w) coffee parchment biochar. These treatments were incubated for 90 days, followed by the cultivation of jack beans for 60 days. Soil samples, soil solution and plants were analyzed for nutrients and heavy metals. The addition of coffee grounds and coffee parchment biochars significantly reduced the contents of heavy metals in the soil compared to the Control (32.13 and 42.95%, respectively, for Zn; 26.28 and 33.06%, respectively, for Cd and 28.63 and 29.67%, respectively, for Pb), all of which had a superior performance than the CaCO3 treatment. Thus, following the observed reduction in the soil soluble fraction of metals, its uptake by the plants was also reduced, especially limiting Cd and Pb accumulation in plant dry matter. In addition, coffee parchment biochar promoted a greater accumulation of nutrients in the shoots, i.e., for K and P (1450 and 21.5 mg pot−1, respectively, dry matter basis) compared to the control (54.4 and 9.3 mg pot−1, respectively). Therefore, coffee parchment biochar use in association with jack beans may represent a viable tool for the remediation of metal contamination concomitantly with revegetation of the contaminated area.
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12
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Bahadur DS, Ahmed SR, Lahori AH, Hussain T, Alvi SK, Shafique S, Fatima S, Vambol V, Mierzwa-Hersztek M, Hinduja P, Vambol S, Zhang Z. Novel Fuller Earth, Rock Phosphate, and Biochar for Phytomanagement of Toxic Metals in Polluted Soils. AGRICULTURE 2022; 12:1216. [DOI: 10.3390/agriculture12081216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to assess the efficacy of individual and combined effects of novel fuller earth, rock phosphate, and biochar (grapefruit peel) at 1% dosage on maize plant growth, soil chemical properties anduptake of toxic metals (TMs), such as Cu, Zn, Fe, and Cd, by maize plant sown in Korangi (district of Karachi, Pakistan) heavily polluted and Korangi less polluted (K-HP and K-LP) soils. The obtained results indicate that the dry biomass of maize crop increased by 14.13% with combined (FE1% + GBC1%) on K-HP soil and 18.24% with combined (FE 1% + GBC 1%) effects on K-LP soil. The maximum immobilization of Cu, Zn, Fe, and Cd was observed by 36% with GBC1%, 11.90% with FE1%, 98.97% with combined RP1% + GBC1%, 51.9% with FE1% + GBC1% for K-HP, 11.90% with FE1%, 28.6% with FE1%, 22.22% with RP1% + GBC1%, and 57.05% with FE 1% + GBC 1% for K-LP soil. After the addition of proposed substances, modification of soil OM, SOC, TOC, and pH level appeared this lead to the changes in the phyto-availability of Cu, Zn, Fe, and Cd in maize plant. It was concluded that the application of individual and combined effects of novel fuller earth, rock phosphate, and biochar (grapefruit peel) have potential to stabilize pollutants from multi-metal polluted soils for safe crop production.
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13
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Abedi T, Gavanji S, Mojiri A. Lead and Zinc Uptake and Toxicity in Maize and Their Management. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11151922. [PMID: 35893627 PMCID: PMC9332466 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Soil contamination with heavy metals is a global problem, and these metals can reach the food chain through uptake by plants, endangering human health. Among the metal pollutants in soils, zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb) are common co-pollutants from anthropogenic activities. Thus, we sought to define the accumulation of Zn and Pb in agricultural soils and maize. Concentrations of Pb in agricultural soil (in Namibia) could reach 3015 mg/Kg, whereas concentrations of Zn in soil (in China) could reach 1140 mg/Kg. In addition, the maximum concentrations of Zn and Pb were 27,870 and 2020 mg/Kg in maize roots and 4180 and 6320 mg/Kg in shoots, respectively. Recent studies have shown that soil properties (such as organic matter content, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), texture, and clay content) can play important roles in the bioavailability of Zn and Pb. We also investigated some of the genes and proteins involved in the uptake and transport of Zn and Pb by maize. Among several amendment methods to reduce the bioavailability of Zn and Pb in soils, the use of biochar, bioremediation, and the application of gypsum and lime have been widely reported as effective methods for reducing the accumulation of metals in soils and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Abedi
- Division of Integrated Sciences for Life, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan;
| | - Shahin Gavanji
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran;
| | - Amin Mojiri
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
- Correspondence:
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14
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Tanveer Y, Yasmin H, Nosheen A, Ali S, Ahmad A. Ameliorative effects of plant growth promoting bacteria, zinc oxide nanoparticles and oxalic acid on Luffa acutangula grown on arsenic enriched soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 300:118889. [PMID: 35085652 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) contamination and bioaccumulation are a serious threat to agricultural plants. To address this issue, we checked the efficacy of As tolerant plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and oxalic acid (OA) in Luffa acutangula grown on As rich soil. The selected most As tolerant PGPB i.e Providencia vermicola exhibited plant growth promoting features i.e solubilzation of phosphate, potassium and siderophores production. Innovatively, we observed the synergistic effects of P. vermicola, ZnO NPs (10 ppm) and OA (100 ppm) in L. acutangula grown on As enriched soil (150 ppm). Our treatments both as alone and in combination alleviated As toxicity exhibited by better plant growth and metabolism. Results revealed significantly enhanced photosynthetic pigments, proline, relative water content, total sugars, proteins and indole acetic acid along with As amelioration in L. acutangula. Furthermore, upregulated plant resistance was manifested with marked reduction in the lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage and pronounced antagonism of As and zinc content in leaves under toxic conditions. These treatments also improved level of nutrients, abscisic acid and antioxidants to mitigate As toxicity. This marked improvement in plants' defense mechanism of treated plants under As stress is confirmed by less damaged leaves cell structures observed through the scanning electron micrographs. We also found substantial decrease in the As bioaccumulation in the L. acutangula shoots and roots by 40 and 58% respectively under the co-application of P. vermicola, ZnO NPs and OA in comparison with control. Moreover, the better activity of soil phosphatase and invertase was assessed under the effect of our application. These results cast a new light on the application of P. vermicola, ZnO NPs and OA in both separate and combined form as a feasible and ecofriendly tool to alleviate As stress in L. acutangula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashfa Tanveer
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Yasmin
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Asia Nosheen
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajad Ali
- Department of Biotechnology Yeungnam University Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea.
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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15
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Chen J, Aihemaiti A, Xia Y, Yan F, Zhang Z. The effect of soil amendment derived from P-enhanced sludge pyrochar on ryegrass growth and soil microbial diversity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 813:152526. [PMID: 34954168 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The application of pyrolyzed sewage sludge for land remediation is increasingly being considered as a technical solution to reuse nutrients in the sludge and mitigate the burden of sludge treatment. In this study, the enhancement effect of Ca-based additives, via phosphorus pyrolysis transformation promotion, was systematically investigated for the growth of ryegrass and soil microbial diversity. In the pot experiment, pyrochar-modified methods mainly changed the content of available phosphorus and organic matter in the soil and then affected ryegrass growth. Soils treated with pyrochar prepared with CaO and Ca(OH)2 addition were dominated by phosphorus precipitation-capable Ramlibacter, while metal uptake-accelerating Massilia showed a high prevalence in the group treated with pristine sludge pyrochar. The results showed that the species composition of CaO and Ca(OH)2 treated groups were similar, while the groups treated with Ca3(PO4)2 and pristine sludge pyrochar exhibited similar compositional structures of microbial species. Furthermore, less than 3% of Pb accumulated in the shoots of the Ca-based additive-treated groups, but more than 35% of Pb was distributed in shoots treated with pristine sludge pyrochar. Therefore, the application of P-enhanced pyrochar adjusted by Ca-based additives to soil was beneficial to the growth of ryegrass and preventing metal transfer from soil to ryegrass. Based on both macroscopic and microscopic information, we summarized the promotion effect of P-enhanced pyrochar on ryegrass growth and soil physicochemical properties with the aim of designing a smart pyrochar for waste-to-resource applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Chen
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150091, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Aikelaimu Aihemaiti
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Yu Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Feng Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Zuotai Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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16
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Effect of Combined Soil Amendment on Immobilization of Bioavailable As and Pb in Paddy Soil. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10020090. [PMID: 35202276 PMCID: PMC8878171 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in soil can have detrimental effects on soil ecosystems and human health. In situ remediation techniques are widely used to reduce the bioavailable fractions of heavy metals in soil. The main objective of this study was to examine the reduction of the bioavailable fractions of As and Pb in paddy soil with artificial lightweight material (ALM) manufactured from recycled materials. A total of four treatments, including a control (no amendment), ALM10 (10% of ALM in soil), ALM10+L (10% ALM combined with 0.5% lime), and ALM10+FeO (10% ALM combined with 0.5% FeO), were applied to paddy fields, and rice (Oryza sativa L.) was cultivated after 32 weeks. The highest reduction efficiencies for the bioavailable fractions of As and Pb in soil were observed in the ALM10+FeO (52.8%) and ALM10+L treatments (65.7%), respectively. The uptake of As decreased by 52.1% when ALM10+FeO was applied to paddy soil, and that of Pb decreased by 79.7% when ALM10+L was applied. Correlation analysis between bioavailable heavy metals in soil and soil chemical properties showed that soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), P2O5, and soil organic matter (SOM) were the main factors controlling the mobility and bioavailability of As and Pb. Overall, the efficiencies of As and Pb reduction increased synergistically in both soil and plants when FeO and lime were combined with the ALM. In future studies, long-term monitoring is necessary to examine the longevity of soil amendments.
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17
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Potentially Toxic Elements’ Contamination of Soils Affected by Mining Activities in the Portuguese Sector of the Iberian Pyrite Belt and Optional Remediation Actions: A Review. ENVIRONMENTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/environments9010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Both sectors of the Iberian Pyrite Belt, Portuguese and Spanish, have been exploited since ancient times, but more intensively during and after the second half of the 19th century. Large volumes of polymetallic sulfide ore were extracted in open pits or in underground works, processed without environmental concerns, and the generated waste rocks and tailings were simply deposited in the area. Many of these mining sites were abandoned for years under the action of erosive agents, leading to the spread of trace elements and the contamination of soils, waters and sediments. Some of these mine sites have been submitted to rehabilitation actions, mostly using constructive techniques to dig and contain the contaminated tailings and other waste materials, but the remaining soil still needs to be treated with the best available techniques to recover its ecosystem functions. Besides the degraded physical structure and poor nutritional status of these soils, they have common characteristics, as a consequence of the pyrite oxidation and acid drainage produced, such as a high concentration of trace elements and low pH, which must be considered in the remediation plans. This manuscript aims to review the results from studies which have already covered these topics in the Iberian Pyrite Belt, especially in its Portuguese sector, considering: (i) soils’ physicochemical characteristics; (ii) potentially toxic trace elements’ concentration; and (iii) sustainable remediation technologies to cope with this type of soil contamination. Phytostabilization, after the amelioration of the soil’s properties with organic and inorganic amendments, was investigated at the lab and field scale by several authors, and their results were also considered.
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18
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Liu Q, Chen Z, Huang L, Mujtaba Munir MA, Wu Y, Wang Q, Ma L, Xu S, Wen Z, Feng Y. The effects of a combined amendment on growth, cadmium adsorption by five fruit vegetables, and soil fertility in contaminated greenhouse under rotation system. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131499. [PMID: 34265715 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) exposure is related to a multitude of adverse health outcomes because food crops grown on Cd-polluted soil are widely consumed by the public. The present study investigates the different application techniques of a combined amendment (lime + zeolite + biochar + compost, LZBC) for soil Cd immobilization effect on growth performance, Cd uptake by the second season crops, and soil quality in greenhouse vegetable production (GVP) under a rotation system. Five fruit vegetables were cultivated as the second season crop in the same plots which have been used for pakchoi as the first season crop (with or without LZBC application). The results indicated that LZBC with the consecutive application (T3) promoted crops biomass and fruit yield the most, followed by LZBC with the second crop application (T2) and LZBC with the first crop application (T1). LZBC application showed increasing rhizosphere soil pH and improvement in soil fertility of all crops including available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter, and cation exchange capacity. LZBC had positive influences on soluble sugar, soluble protein, and vitamin C in edible parts of 5 vegetables. Cd contents in fruit, shoot, and root of eggplant, pimento, cowpea, and tomato except cucumber were reduced by adding LZBC. As for the economic performance, T3 had the highest output/input ratio in general. Overall, these results demonstrated that T3 was dramatically more effective for minimizing health risk, increasing production, and facilitating sustainable utilization of soil under the Cd-contaminated GVP system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhen Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqin Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Lukuan Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Mehr Ahmed Mujtaba Munir
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Luyao Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunan Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheyu Wen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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Meng X, Guo J, Yang J, Chen T, Yang J, Bian J, He M, Ma C. Effects of Soil Amendments on Soil Pb Bioavailability and Pb Absorption by a low-Pb Accumulator Kumquat Grown in Two Types of Pb-Contaminated Soils. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 107:1128-1135. [PMID: 34159411 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of 0.5% and 1% alkaline, clay mineral and phosphorus amendments, as well as 2% and 5% organic amendments, on lead (Pb) soil bioavailability and Pb absorption by the low-Pb accumulator kumquat (Citrus japonica Thunb.) 'Cuipi' in two typical Pb-contaminated soils, Jiyuan and Yangshuo, from northern and southern China, respectively. The diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-extractable Pb soil concentration and Pb accumulation in kumquat significantly decreased with amendment additions. High amendment doses had greater inhibitory effects than low doses but no significant effects on the kumquat's biomass in the two typical soils. Alkaline, but not clay mineral, amendments greatly increased the soil pH level. Organic amendments effectively reduced Pb accumulation owing to their strong adsorptive capacities. Thus, using organic amendments combined with a low-Pb accumulator kumquat forms a suitable farming practice for producing safe fruit in the two common types of Pb-contaminated soils in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Meng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junmei Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong, 030600, China
| | - Junxing Yang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianlin Bian
- College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Mengke He
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chuang Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
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20
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Conditioning with Lime and Fertilizer Improves Ionic Rare Earth Mine Tailings. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/1378408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore rare earth mine tailings improvement technology without soil dressing, we planted Chinese cabbage in pots to determine the effect of different amounts of lime combined with fertilizer on the improvement of ionic rare earth mine tailings, aiming to provide a scientific basis for the reclamation of abandoned ionic rare earth mines. The results showed that the soil substrate of the tested rare earth tailings exhibited four forms of degradation: soil acidification, soil desertification, nutrient depletion, and heavy metal contamination by rare earth elements (REEs). The application of fertilizer alone (CK treatment) did not support Chinese cabbage growth, whereas different amounts of lime combined with fertilizer supported plant growth and significantly reduced the activity of the rare earth heavy metals. The height, fresh weight, and REE content of the Chinese cabbage plants were significantly reduced with an increase in the amount of lime applied. Addition of lime not only significantly improved the soil pore space and reduced soil acidification but also significantly increased the soil nutrient content. Our findings suggest that lime combined with fertilizer can improve ionic rare earth mine tailing soil degradation, thus promoting plant growth and achieving the improvement of ionic rare earth mine tailings without soil dressing.
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21
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Ali U, Shaaban M, Bashir S, Chhajro MA, Qian L, Rizwan MS, Fu Q, Zhu J, Hu H. Potential of organic and inorganic amendments for stabilizing nickel in acidic soil, and improving the nutritional quality of spinach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:57769-57780. [PMID: 34097222 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14611-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of soils by nickel (Ni) has become a serious environmental problem throughout the world, and this substance wields dangerous effects on the ecosystem and food chain. A pot experiment was conducted to examine the effect of rice straw (RS), rice straw biochar (BI), and calcite (CC) at 1% and 2% application rates in a Ni-contaminated soil. The objective was to potentially stabilize Ni and reduce its bioavailability to spinach (Spinacia Oleracea L.). Spinach plants were grown in a Ni-contaminated Ultisol (commonly known as a red clay soil). Plant growth parameter results indicated that a BI 2% application rate significantly increased the root and shoots dry biomass increased by 1.7- and 6.3-fold, respectively, while essential nutrients were enhanced in the spinach plant compared to those in the untreated soil (CK). Moreover, adding amendments significantly decreased CaCl2 extractable Ni by 62.5% 94.1%, and 87.2%, while the toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP) fell by 26.7%, 47.8%, and 41.7% when using RS, BI, and CC, respectively, at 2% compared to CK. The Ni concentrations in the spinach roots declined by 51.6%, 73.3%, and 68.9%, and in the shoots reduced by 54.1%, 76.7%, and 70.8% for RS, BI, and CC, at a 2% application rate, respectively. Bio-concentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) dropped significantly by as much as 72.7% and 20%, respectively, for BI 2% application rate. Results of the present study clearly indicated that biochar potential soil amendments for Ni stabilization, thereby reducing its bioavailability in the Ni-contaminated soil. This process enhanced the safety of food to be consumed and mitigated security risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umeed Ali
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Shaaban
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Saqib Bashir
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Department of Soil and Environmental Science, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzal Chhajro
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization (ORIC), Sindh Madressatul Islam University (SMIU), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Li Qian
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Shahid Rizwan
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Qingling Fu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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He LL, Huang DY, Zhang Q, Zhu HH, Xu C, Li B, Zhu QH. Meta-analysis of the effects of liming on soil pH and cadmium accumulation in crops. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 223:112621. [PMID: 34388655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural fields has resulted in a higher risk of Cd accumulation in the food chain. Lime addition can mitigate soil acidification and reduce Cd accumulation in crops cultured in Cd-contaminated soil. To determine key factors controlling the outcomes of liming in reducing Cd accumulation and enhancing soil pH, we performed a meta-analysis using previously published data from field and pot experiments. The results indicated that the liming showed positive effect sizes on the soil pH but negative effect sizes on Cd accumulation in crops, indicating the addition of different lime materials could enhance soil pH and reduce Cd accumulation in crops. The effect sizes of liming on soil pH under pot experimental conditions were higher than that under field experimental conditions, however, the effect sizes of application types and amount of limes on soil pH did not significantly differ between their individual different levels. Under a low background value of soil pH, SOM, CEC and clay, the addition of limes showed a significantly higher effect size on soil pH when compared to their individual higher soil background value, suggesting that the lower background values of soil pH, SOM, CEC and clay might facilitate the outcomes of liming to enhance soil pH. The experiment patterns, crop types and lime application amounts showed a limit effect on the outcomes of liming to reduce the shoot and grain Cd concentrations in crops. The lime types only showed a significant effect size on the shoot Cd accumulation but not on the grain Cd accumulation, in which the CaCO3 had the highest effect size (absolute value, the same below) followed by Ca(OH)2 and CaO. The low soil background values of total Cd concentration and CEC content, but a high soil SOM background content might facilitate the outcomes of liming to reduce the shoot Cd concentration in crops. However, only the background value of soil clay content showed a significantly negative effect size on the grain Cd accumulation, where a high soil clay content had a higher effect size than a low soil clay content. These findings provide useful knowledge about the effects of experiment patterns, crop types, soil conditions, lime types and lime addition amounts on the efficiency of liming in enhancing soil pH and decrease crop Cd concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dao-You Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Han-Hua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qi-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
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Li H, Abbas T, Cai M, Zhang Q, Wang J, Li Y, Di H, Tahir M. Cd bioavailability and nitrogen cycling microbes interaction affected by mixed amendments under paddy-pak choi continued planting. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 275:116542. [PMID: 33582635 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is the most concerning soil pollutant, and a threat to human health, especially in China. The in-situ immobilization of Cadmium by amendments is one of the most widely adopted methods to remedy soil contamination. The study was designed to evaluate the effect of organo-chemical amendments on soil Cd bioavailability and nitrogen cycling microbes under continuous planting of rice (Oryza sativa) and pak choi (Brassica chinensis L.). The experiment was carried out using four amendments, Lime, Zeolite, Superphosphate, and Biochar, at two different ratios; M1: at the ratio of 47:47:5:1, and M2 at the ratio of 71:23:5:1, respectively. Moreover, both M1 and M2 were enriched at four levels (T1: 0.5%; T2: 1%; T3: 2%; T4: 4%). Results showed that compared with CK (Cd enriched soils), the yield of rice under treatments of M1T1 and M2T1 increased by 8.93% and 8.36%, respectively. While the biomass (fresh weight) of pak choi under M1 and M2 amendments increased by 2.52-2.98 times and 0.76-2.89 times respectively, under enrichment treatments T1, T2, and T3. The total Cd concentrations in rice grains treated with M1T3 and M2T3 decreased by 89.25% and 93.16%, respectively, compared with CK. On the other hand, the total Cd concentrations in pak choi under M1T3 and M2T2 decreased by 92.86% and 90.23%, respectively. The results showed that soil pH was the main factor affecting Cd bioavailability in rice and pak choi. The Variance partitioning analysis (VPA) of rice and pak choi showed that soil pH was the most significant contributing factor. In the rice season, the contribution of soil pH (P) on Cd bioavailability was 10.14% (P = 0.102), and in the pak choi season, the contribution of soil pH was 8.38% (P = 0.133). Furthermore, the abundance of ammonia oxidation and denitrifying microorganisms had significantly correlation with soil pH and exchange Cd. In rice season, when the enrichment level of amendments increased from 0.5% (T1) to 2% (T3), the gene abundance of AOA, AOB, nirK, nirS and nosZ (І) tended to decrease. While in pak choi season, when the enrichment level increased at the level of 0.5% (T1), 1% (T2), and 2% (T3), the gene abundance of AOB, nirS, and nosZ (І) increased. Additionally, the gene abundance of AOA and nirK showed a reduction in the pak choi season contrasting to rice. And the mixed amendment M2 performed better at reducing Cd uptake than M1, which may have correlation with the ratio of lime and zeolite in them. Finally, we conclude that between these two amendments, when applied at a moderate level M2 type performed better than M1 in reducing Cd uptake, and also showed positive effects on both gene abundance and increase soil pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houfu Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Touqeer Abbas
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Mei Cai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Hangzhou Plant Protection and Fertilizer Station Hangzhou, 310020, PR China
| | - Yong Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Hongjie Di
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Department of Soil, Water, & Climate, Univ. of Minnesota, 1991 Upper Buford Cir, Falcon Heights, MN, 55108, USA
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Wang G, Zhang Q, Du W, Lin R, Li J, Ai F, Yin Y, Ji R, Wang X, Guo H. In-situ immobilization of cadmium-polluted upland soil: A ten-year field study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111275. [PMID: 32920316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In-situ immobilization is an effective and economically viable strategy for remediation of soil extensively polluted with heavy metals. The long-term sustainability is critical for the remediation practice. In the present study, a ten-year experiment was performed in a Cd-polluted agricultural field to evaluate the long-term stability of lime, silicon fertilizer (SF), fused calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (FCMP), bone charcoal, steel slag, and blast furnace slag with one-off application. All amendments had no significant effect on biomass but significantly reduced Cd uptake by Artemisia selengensis at higher dose. Among them, SF and FCMP applied at 1% could reduce Cd uptake by more than 40% to meet the Chinese maximum permissible limit for Cd content in food products (50 μg kg-1). These amendments stimulated high Cd immobilization by increasing the soil pH and decreasing the soil acid-extractable Cd content, which were closely associated with Cd uptake. In addition, the two amendments altered the soil microbial structure and stimulated metabolism pathways, including amino acid, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism, which are beneficial for soil function and quality. The results proved that SF and FCMP at 1% are stable and ecologically safe amendments, suitable for long-term Cd immobilization, and provide a strategy to mitigate the risk of food product contamination in heavy-metal-polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Qingquan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Wenchao Du
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210036, China.
| | - Renzhang Lin
- Penghu Town, Quanzhou City People's Government, Quanzhou, 362609, China.
| | - Jiahua Li
- Jiangsu Maritime Safety Administration, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Fuxun Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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He X, Xu M, Wei Q, Tang M, Guan L, Lou L, Xu X, Hu Z, Chen Y, Shen Z, Xia Y. Promotion of growth and phytoextraction of cadmium and lead in Solanum nigrum L. mediated by plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 205:111333. [PMID: 32979802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a specific category of microbes that improve plant growth and promote greater tolerance to metal stress through their interactions with plant roots. We evaluated the effects of phytoremediation combining the cadmium accumulator Solanum nigrum L. and two Cd- and Pb-resistant bacteria isolates. To understand the interaction between PGPR and their host plant, we conducted greenhouse experiments with inoculation treatments at Nanjing Agricultural University (Jiangsu Province, China), in June 2018. Two Cd- and Pb-resistant PGPR with various growth-promoting properties were isolated from heavy metal-contaminated soil. 16S rRNA analyses indicated that the two isolates were Bacillus genus, and they were named QX8 and QX13. Pot experiments demonstrated that inoculation may improve the rhizosphere soil environment and promote absorption of Fe and P by plants. Inoculation with QX8 and QX13 also enhanced the dry weight of shoots (1.36- and 1.7-fold, respectively) and roots (1.42- and 1.96-fold) of plants growing in Cd- and Pb-contaminated soil, and significantly increased total Cd (1.28-1.81 fold) and Pb (1.08-1.55 fold) content in aerial organs, compared to non-inoculated controls. We also detected increases of 23% and 22% in the acid phosphatase activity of rhizosphere soils inoculated with QX8 and QX13, respectively. However, we did not detect significant differences between inoculated and non-inoculated treatments in Cd and Pb concentrations in plants and available Cd and Pb content in rhizosphere soils. We demonstrated that PGPR-assisted phytoremediation is a promising technique for remediating heavy metal-contaminated soils, with the potential to enhance phytoremediation efficiency and improve soil quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman He
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mingjing Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qingpeng Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mingyu Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Likang Guan
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Laiqing Lou
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhubing Hu
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Yahua Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yan Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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26
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Teng F, Zhang Y, Wang D, Shen M, Hu D. Iron-modified rice husk hydrochar and its immobilization effect for Pb and Sb in contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:122977. [PMID: 32474324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cationic and anionic heavy metal contamination sometimes co-exists in soil systems, such as mining areas and shooting ranges, seriously threatens human health and ecological stability. In this study, iron-modified rice husk hydrochar showed commendable ability to immobilize both heavy metal cation (Pb) and anion (Sb) simultaneously in soils. Iron-modified rice husk hydrochar (HC12.5-180) (5%) amendment reduced the bioavailability (EX- and CB-fraction) of Pb and Sb by 25 and 40%, respectively, which were 8 and 5 times higher than that of pristine rice husk hydrochar (HC0-180) (5%) amendment. The cation (Pb) immobilization mainly depends on cation exchange with mineral components (K+, Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+), precipitation with nonmetallic anions (Cl- and SO42-), and complexation. Meanwhile, the iron oxides (FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4), formed during hydrothermal process, can be easily combined with anion (Sb) to form geochemically stable minerals. In conclusion, this work offered a practical and cost-effective technology based on the iron modification rice husk hydrochar for the immobilization of both anionic and cationic heavy metal contaminants in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyun Teng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Dequan Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Regions, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750021, PR China
| | - Maocai Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Duofei Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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27
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Clays, Limestone and Biochar Affect the Bioavailability and Geochemical Fractions of Cadmium and Zinc from Zn-Smelter Polluted Soils. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12208606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ca-bentonite (CB) alone and in a mixture with limestone (L), tobacco biochar (TB) and zeolite (Z) on the fixation, geochemical fractions and absorption of Cd and Zn by Chinese cabbage in smelter heavily polluted (S-HP) and smelter low polluted (S-LP) soils were investigated. The results showed that the CB + TB and CB + L + TB treatments significantly immobilized Cd up to 22.0% and 29.7%, respectively, and reduced uptake by Chinese cabbage shoot to 36.0% with CB + Z + L and 61.3% with CB + L in S-HP and S-LP soils compared with the control. The CB + Z + L + TB treatment mobilized Cd up to 4.4% and increased absorption in the shoot by 9.9% in S-HP soil. The greatest immobilization of Zn was 53.2% and 58.2% with the CB + Z + L + TB treatment, which reduced Zn uptake in the plant shoot by 10.0% with CB + L and 58.0% with CB + Z + L + TB in S-HP and S-LP soils. The CB + Z + TB and CB + TB treatments mobilized Zn up to 35.4% and 4.9%, respectively, in both soils. Furthermore, the uptake of Zn in plant shoot was observed by 59.0% and 7.9% with application of CB + Z and CB + TB treatments, respectively, in S-HP and S-LP soils. Overall, our results suggest that Ca-bentonite alone and in mixtures with different amendments can be used to reduce the phyto-extraction of Cd and Zn in Zn-smelter polluted soils.
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28
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Ren J, Zhao Z, Ali A, Guan W, Xiao R, Wang JJ, Ma S, Guo D, Zhou B, Zhang Z, Li R. Characterization of phosphorus engineered biochar and its impact on immobilization of Cd and Pb from smelting contaminated soils. JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS 2020; 20:3041-3052. [DOI: 10.1007/s11368-019-02403-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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29
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Wang J, Jiang Y, Sun J, She J, Yin M, Fang F, Xiao T, Song G, Liu J. Geochemical transfer of cadmium in river sediments near a lead-zinc smelter. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 196:110529. [PMID: 32247240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic element and non-essential to human. Herein, the source and fate of Cd were examined in a typical sediment profile from the North River, South China, which was affected by the massive Pb-Zn smelting activities for decades. An exceptionally high enrichment of Cd, 107-441 mg/kg, was observed across the whole profile. Approximately 50-75% of Cd was retained in the weak acid soluble fraction. Risk assessment based on geoaccumulation index (Igeo), potential ecological risk index (Eri), bioavailable metal index (BMI) and toxic risk index (TRI) further indicated an extremely strong degree of potential ecological pollution and high toxic risks. The mineralogical composition of particles from the sediment profile exhibited the presence of pyrite, magnetite, wurtzite and greenockite. This further confirmed that Cd was migrated from smelting slags to the North River basin and enriched in sediment profile. Sediment Cd speciation analysis also implied a possible transformation of Cd from metal oxides in smelting slags to adsorbed phases and carbonates, which enhances the bioavailability of Cd. The findings indicate proper countermeasures or remediation approaches should be promptly taken towards high ecological risks of Cd arising from the depth profile extending nearly 1 m, due to lead-zinc smelting related activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yanjun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Jingye She
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meiling Yin
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fa Fang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tangfu Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gang Song
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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30
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Guo J, Muhammad H, Lv X, Wei T, Ren X, Jia H, Atif S, Hua L. Prospects and applications of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria to mitigate soil metal contamination: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 246:125823. [PMID: 31927380 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The rapid increase in world population has generated the issues of hunger, poverty, food insecurity and malnutrition. To meet the challenge of increased food production of better quality, the farmers were compelled to use more chemical fertilizers, especially in developing countries. The higher use of chemical fertilizers interrupts the food chain through eutrophication, the polluting air and soil by incorporating metals. Trace metals have a deleterious effect on soil microbial and plant growth. To minimize metal toxicity and maximize the production of food, there are different approaches that can lead to lessen the use of chemical fertilizers. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are capable to enhance the plant growth and can remediate metal contaminated soils. PGPR has the ability to improve food production with diverse attributes e.g. producing siderophores that promote rhizosphere trace metal sequestration and production of organic and inorganic acids thus affecting trace metal bioavailability and plant induced systemic tolerance (IST) to limit the crop metal accumulation. In this review paper, we have discussed the biological approach which is environmentally friendly and cost-effective mean for metal polluted soils and gives some new insights for safety use of PGPR in trace metal contaminated fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- JunKang Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China.
| | - Haris Muhammad
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - Xin Lv
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - Ting Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - XinHao Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - HongLei Jia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - Saleem Atif
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - Li Hua
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China.
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Ali U, Shaaban M, Bashir S, Gao R, Fu Q, Zhu J, Hu H. Rice straw, biochar and calcite incorporation enhance nickel (Ni) immobilization in contaminated soil and Ni removal capacity. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 244:125418. [PMID: 31812043 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Although rice straw (RS), biochar (BI) and calcite (CC) have proved to be effective immobilizing agents in acidic contaminated soil, we lack up-to-date scientific data regarding nickel (Ni) fractionation in soil and removal capacity in water. Therefore, an incubation study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of RS, BI and CC with three application rates (0, 1 and 2%) of RS, BI and CC on the immobilization of Ni in polluted soil. Various extraction techniques were carried out: sequential extraction procedure, the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR), extraction with CaCl2, and the toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP) techniques. Additionally, Ni sorption behavior was determined using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Results showed that adding all amendments into Ni contaminated acidic soil, enhanced soil pH, reduced the exchangeable fraction of Ni by 48%-55%, 59%-71% and 58%-66.3%, when RS, BI and CC were applied at 1% and 2% rates, respectively. According to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm results, the maximum sorption capacity was recorded using 2747 mg kg-1 in 2% CC amended soil. However, biochar exhibited the maximum Ni sorption capacity (13348 mg kg-1), due to its porous structure, larger surface area, and having more functional groups. Furthermore, the results of FTIR, SEM and zeta potential techniques confirmed that the immobilization and biochar's capacity to remove Ni were more effective when compared to other immobilizing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umeed Ali
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Shaaban
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Bashir
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Department of Soil and Environmental Science, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Ruili Gao
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qingling Fu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Ali U, Shaaban M, Bashir S, Fu Q, Zhu J, Shoffikul Islam M, Hu H. Effect of rice straw, biochar and calcite on maize plant and Ni bio-availability in acidic Ni contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 259:109674. [PMID: 32072945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metals that contaminate soil is one of the major problems seriously affecting sustainable agriculture worldwide. Nickel (Ni) toxicity to agricultural crops is a global problem. Mobility of heavy metals present in contaminated soil can be reduced by the amendment of soil passivators, which will ultimately reduce the risk of them entering the food chain. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of rice straw (RS), biochar derived from rice straw (BI) and calcium carbonate (calcite) on Ni mobility and its up take by maize (Zea maize L.) plant. Maize crop was grown in Ni spiked (100 mg kg-1) soil with three application rates of passivators (equivalent to 0, 1and 2% of each RS, BI and calcite) applied separately to the soil. Results revealed that the post-harvest soil properties (pH, DOC and MBC), plant phenology (plant height, root length, total dry weight) and physiological characteristics were significantly enhanced with passivator application. Additionally, incorporating passivator into the soil reduced Ni mobility (DTPA) by 68%, 88.9% and 79.3%, and leachability (TCLP) by 72.4%, 76.7% and 66.7% for RS, BI and calcite, respectively at 2% application rate. The Ni concentration in the maize shoots reduced by 30%, 95.2% and 95% and in the roots by 56%, 66% and 63.8% with RS, BI and calcite at 2% application rate, respectively. These findings suggest that the application of 2% biochar (BI) is very promising in reducing Ni uptake, and can reduce toxicity to plants, decrease mobility and leachability in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umeed Ali
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Shaaban
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Bashir
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Department of Soil and Environmental Science, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Qingling Fu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Md Shoffikul Islam
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Department of Soil Science, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Hongqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Wan Y, Huang Q, Wang Q, Ma Y, Su D, Qiao Y, Jiang R, Li H. Ecological risk of copper and zinc and their different bioavailability change in soil-rice system as affected by biowaste application. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 192:110301. [PMID: 32058167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A large amount of organic fertilizer application could be accompanied by soil contamination caused by trace heavy metals. A field experiment was carried out in this study to examine the accumulation and availability of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in soil, and their uptake by rice under continuous application of chicken manure, pig manure and sewage sludge. Results showed that after four years of chicken manure, pig manure and sewage sludge application, the soil Cu accumulation rates were 0.15-1.17 mg kg-1 yr-1, 1.01-4.22 mg kg-1 yr-1 and 0.13-1.15 mg kg-1 yr-1, respectively; Zn accumulation rates were 0.54-5.46 mg kg-1 yr-1, 1.51-9.65 mg kg-1 yr-1 and 1.13-10.47 mg kg-1 yr-1, respectively. Compared to the control, the chicken- and pig manure treatments significantly decreased the DTPA-extractable Cu, but increased the DTPA-extractable Zn in soils; thus decreased the Cu contents in rice grain by 2.2-40.6% and increased the grain Zn by 2.6-30.9%, respectively, with increasing application rates and number of years. The addition of sewage sludge significantly increased bioavailability of Zn in soil and its accumulation in rice, while had limited effect on Cu bioavailability. Results suggested that the continuous application of organic fertilizer with elevated Cu and Zn contents at high application rates can induce their accumulation in soil and affect their bioavailability differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China; Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Huang
- Innovation Team of Remediation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Farmlands, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibing Ma
- Macau Environmental Research Institute, Macau University of Science and Technology, 999078, Macau
| | - Dechun Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Qiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongfeng Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Huafen Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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Hamid Y, Tang L, Hussain B, Usman M, Rehman Hashmi MLU, Bilal Khan M, Yang X, He Z. Immobilization and sorption of Cd and Pb in contaminated stagnic anthrosols as amended with biochar and manure combined with inorganic additives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 257:109999. [PMID: 31868649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the efficiency of pre-selected composite amendments (CA-1: biochar-lime-sepiolite-zeolite and CA-2: manure-lime-sepiolite) for immobilization and sorption of Cd and Pb in field and batch sorption experiments. The field experiment was performed in a co-contaminated clay purple soil (stagnic anthrosols). Along with a control experiment (T1), CA-1 and CA-2 were tested at different rates including 750, 1500, 3000 and 6000 kg ha-1 by growing wheat as the test crop. The obtained results revealed that the highest dose of both composites (T5: 6000 kg ha-1 and T9: 6000 kg ha-1) increased the soil pH to 6.85 and 6.81, respectively as compared to the control (5.63). DTPA-extractable Cd and Pb contents decreased with composite treatments (T7 and T4) at harvest stage samples. Metal fractionation depicted that application of amendments decreased the exchangeable fraction at harvesting stage. Application of CA-2 and CA-1 (3000 kg ha-1) significantly increased the plant biomass (by 28% and 24%, respectively) and grain yield (by 26% and 22%, respectively) of wheat. Furthermore, batch sorption experiment results revealed that Langmuir adsorption model better fitted the sorption results with R2 values ranging between 0.99 and 0.91 for Cd and Pb, respectively. CA-1 and CA-2 exhibited the maximum adsorption capacity for Cd with no significant difference among treatments but Pb adsorption capacity was highest in CA-1 followed by CA-2 and control. The results of our experiments revealed that the application of organics combined with inorganic materials enhanced Cd and Pb immobilization and sorption, consequently reducing metals availability in laboratory and field conditions. Moreover, for field trials, application of the composite amendments at 3000 kg ha-1 emerged as the suitable treatment for tested wheat-grown area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Hamid
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Tang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Bilal Hussain
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- PEIE Research Chair for the Development of Industrial Estates and Free Zones, Center for Environmental Studies and Research, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Oman
| | - Muhammad Laeeq Ur Rehman Hashmi
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Bilal Khan
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenli He
- Indian River Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, Florida, 34945, USA
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Doostikhah N, Panahpour E, Nadian H, Gholami A. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) nutrient and lead uptake affected by zeolite and DTPA in a lead-polluted soil. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2020; 22:317-322. [PMID: 31637818 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Development of alleviation strategies, which enhance plant growth under heavy metal stress, is important. Inorganic (zeolite) and organic (diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid, DTPA) amendments affecting the alleviation of lead (Pb) stress in a calcareous soil were tested by investigating leaf nutrient uptake of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) plants. Experimental quantities of lead (Pb) at 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg·kg-1 soil, zeolite (clinoptilolite) at 0%, 0.5% and 1%, and DTPA at 0, 50 and 100 mg·kg-1 soil were tested in a factorial experiment with three plant replicates. According to the anova, Pb, zeolite, DTPA and their interactions significantly affected plant concentrations of nitrogen (N), potassium (K), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and lead (Pb). With increasing DTPA concentration at different levels of zeolite and Pb, plant concentrations of macro- and micronutrients significantly increased. Increasing soil Pb increased leaf Pb concentration and decreased the uptake of N, K, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn. Although with increasing Pb concentration the uptake of macro- and micronutrients decreased in tomato, the use of zeolite and DTPA alleviated this stress by increasing nutrient uptake compared to the control. Interestingly, however, increased levels of zeolite and DTPA led to a decreased uptake of nutrients by plants (compared with control), indicating the absorption of such nutrients by the two amendments and their partial release for further plant use. Zeolite and DTPA may alleviate the negative effects of soil Pb on tomato growth by decreasing nutrient leaching and increasing plant nutrient uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Doostikhah
- Department of Soil Science, Khouzestan Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Soil Science, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - E Panahpour
- Department of Soil Science, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - H Nadian
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ramin University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Khuzastan, Iran
| | - A Gholami
- Department of Soil Science, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
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Wan Y, Huang Q, Wang Q, Yu Y, Su D, Qiao Y, Li H. Accumulation and bioavailability of heavy metals in an acid soil and their uptake by paddy rice under continuous application of chicken and swine manure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121293. [PMID: 31606704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination of agricultural soils is a global concern, as it can cause the accumulation of heavy metals in food. In this study, a field experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of the continuous application of chicken or swine manure on the Pb, Cd, Cr and As bioavailability, fractionation, and accumulation in soil and uptake by rice plants. Results showed that chicken or swine manure significantly reduced the Cd and Pb contents in rice grain by 7.8-79.3% and 7.2-59.4%, respectively, with increasing application rates and number of years; the exchangeable Cd and Pb fractions, and the diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extractable Cd and Pb in the soil were also decreased. Furthermore, the application of chicken or swine manure substantially increased the DTPA-extractable As and exchangeable As fractions in the soil but had limited effect on As accumulation in rice grain. No significant differences in the bioavailability in soil nor accumulation in the rice grain were found for Cr between the treatments. Therefore, livestock manure can be used as soil amendments to decrease Cd and Pb accumulation in rice grains, nevertheless, the potential risk of metal accumulation in soils caused by livestock manure application should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China; Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Huang
- Innovation Team of Remediation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Farmlands, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Dechun Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Qiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Huafen Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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Lahori AH, Vu NH, Du J, Dinh QT, Saif-Ur-Rehman, Naheed Z, Ahmed M, Zhang Z. Stabilization of toxic metals in three contaminated soils by residual impact of lime integrated with biochar and clays. JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS 2020; 20:734-744. [DOI: 10.1007/s11368-019-02453-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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Chen H, Awasthi SK, Liu T, Duan Y, Zhang Z, Awasthi MK. Compost biochar application to contaminated soil reduces the (im)mobilization and phytoavailability of lead and copper. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 95:408-417. [DOI: 10.1002/jctb.5986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Chen
- College of Natural Resources and EnvironmentNorthwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Sanjeev K Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and EnvironmentNorthwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Natural Resources and EnvironmentNorthwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Yumin Duan
- College of Natural Resources and EnvironmentNorthwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and EnvironmentNorthwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Mukesh K Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and EnvironmentNorthwest A&F University Yangling China
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Guo F, Ding C, Zhou Z, Han F, Tang R, Huang G, Wang X. Assessment of the immobilization effectiveness of several amendments on a cadmium-contaminated soil using Eisenia fetida. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 189:109948. [PMID: 31759738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Proper protocols for assessing the remediation effectiveness of contaminated soils are an important part of remediation projects. In the present study, the residual immobilization effectiveness of hydrated lime (L), hydroxyapatite (H), biochar (B) and organic fertilizer (F) alone and in combination was assessed by Eisenia fetida. The results showed that the application of amendments had no significant effect on the death rate and average fresh weight loss of earthworms. The earthworm Cd concentration increased with prolonged exposure time, however, the significant immobilization efficacy of amendments observed on the 7th day nearly disappeared after 28 days of exposure. The immobilization efficiencies, estimated by the earthworms internal Cd concentration, of L, H and B on the 7th day were 38.6%, 37.8% and 20.7%, respectively. These values decreased to 4.9%, 19.8% and 15.1%, respectively, on the 28th day. The detoxification effect of amendments was confirmed by the Cd subcellular fractionation in earthworms with lower proportions of Cd distributed in the metal-sensitive fractions in L, H and B treatments. The level of oxidative stress response of earthworms increased with exposure duration and amendments alleviated the oxidative damage induced by Cd to the earthworms. In addition, the pH and CaCl2-Cd in soils were both increased due to earthworm life activities and gut-related ingestion. In summary, the assessment of immobilization effectiveness of heavy metal-contaminated soils using Eisenia fetida was time-dependent. The immobilization efficacy of L and H performed better than B and F on the 7th day, while H and B performed better than L and F on the 28th day. Accordingly, the short-term earthworm exposure experiment (7 days) was recommended to be an alternative approach to time-consuming plant bioassays in assessment of reduced phytoavailability in chemical immobilization remediation. But the impact of earthworms on the immobilization effect of amendments needs to be considered in practical remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyu Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA
| | - Changfeng Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhigao Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Fengxiang Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA
| | - Ronggui Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Gaoxiang Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xingxiang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan, 335211, China.
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Wang M, Chen S, Zheng H, Li S, Chen L, Wang D. The responses of cadmium phytotoxicity in rice and the microbial community in contaminated paddy soils for the application of different long-term N fertilizers. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 238:124700. [PMID: 31524602 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An eight-year field trial was conducted to investigate the effects of four different N fertilization treatments of urea (CO(NH2)2, the control), ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4), ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), and ammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2HPO4]) on cadmium (Cd) phytotoxicity in rice and soil microbial communities in a Cd-contaminated paddy of southern China. The results demonstrate that the different N treatments exerted different effects: the application of (NH4)2HPO4 and (NH4)2SO4 significantly increased rice grain yield and decreased soil-extractable Cd content when compared with those of the control, while NH4Cl had a converse effect. Expression of genes related to Cd uptake (IRT and NRAPM genes) and transport (HMA genes) by roots may be responsible for Cd phytotoxicity in rice grown in the different N fertilization treatments. Our results further demonstrate that N fertilization had stronger effects on soil bacterial communities than fungal communities. The bacterial and fungal keystone species were identified by phylogenetic molecular ecological network (pMEN) analysis and mainly fell into the categories of Gammaproteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria for the bacterial species and Ascomycota for the fungal species; all of these keystone species were highly enriched in the (NH4)2HPO4 treatment. Soil pH and soil available-Cd content emerged as the major determinants of microbial network connectors. These results could provide effective fertilizing strategies for alleviating Cd phytotoxicity in rice and enhance the understanding of its underlying microbial mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Shibao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Han Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, 100097, PR China
| | - Duo Wang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, PR China
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Awasthi MK, Wang Q, Chen H, Liu T, Awasthi SK, Duan Y, Varjani S, Pandey A, Zhang Z. Role of compost biochar amendment on the (im)mobilization of cadmium and zinc for Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) from contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS 2019; 19:3883-3897. [DOI: 10.1007/s11368-019-02277-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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An Ex-Situ Immobilization Experiment with Zn, Pb, and Cu in Dredged Marine Sediments from Bohai Bay, China. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse7110394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The remediation of dredged marine sediments contaminated by metals has drawn increasing attention globally. Immobilization was regarded as a promising method for reducing adverse impacts on marine ecosystems. In this study, kaolinite and limestone were used as amendments to immobilize Zn, Pb, and Cu in dredged marine sediments, which were collected from the coastal zone adjacent to Tianjin Port in Bohai Bay. The sequential extraction procedure was applied to identify the mobility of metals and, further, to evaluate the immobilization effect of the amendments. The physical–chemical properties of the sediments, such as the pH, electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, and total organic carbon (TOC), were also measured to better understand their influence on the three metals’ mobility. The results of the sequential extraction procedure indicated that the mobile fractions of the metals were converted into relatively stable fractions because of the two amendments. In addition, the EC, salinity, and TOC decreased moderately, while no obvious variations in the pH of the sediments were observed with the addition of kaolinite and limestone. It was confirmed that both kaolinite and limestone can effectively reduce the mobility and bioavailability of metals, particularly Zn, and limestone generally has a better immobilization effect, compared with kaolinite.
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Bidar G, Pelfrêne A, Louvel B, Janus A, Douay F. Influence of amendments on metal environmental and toxicological availability in highly contaminated brownfield and agricultural soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:33086-33108. [PMID: 31515767 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06295-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The immobilizing effects of wood biochar (BW2%) and iron grit (Z1%) applied alone or in combination (BW2% + Z1%) to agricultural (M750) and brownfield (MAZ) soils highly contaminated by metals were assessed in a greenhouse experiment. The results showed that Z1% and BW2% + Z1% were the most efficient amendments to reduce Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn mobility, environmental availability, and phytoavailability in the M750 soil. The oxidation of Z1% allowed part of the Cu and Zn pools present in exchangeable or carbonate-bound forms (labile fraction) to complex in less mobile forms. In this soil, the metal chemical extractions (0.01 M CaCl2 and 0.05 M EDTA) and the DGT (diffusive gradient in thin films) devices to assess metal in soil solution and soil pore water (SPW) also highlighted the immobilizing characteristic of Z1%. In most cases, the addition of BW2% to Z1% (BW2% + Z1%) did not improve this effect, except for the dissolved Pb and Zn concentrations in the M750 soil solution. It was also observed that Cd, Pb, and Zn passed throughout DGT mimicking the biological cell membrane were reduced by all amendments of the M750 soil corroborating metal concentrations measured in rye grass shoots. In the MAZ soil, metals were less available as shown by their low extractability rate, low capacity of metal resupply from the solid phase to pore water, and low phytoavailability. The poor metal availability could be explained by the high levels of carbonate and organic matter contents in this soil. Nevertheless, a decrease of the Cu environmental availability and the Cu concentrations in rye grass shoots grown on the MAZ soil was also observed in the soil amended with Z1% alone or in combination with BW2%. From a health point of view, the most effective amendment to reduce human exposure through ingestion of soil particles for the M750 and MAZ soils was BW2% for Cd and BW2% + Z1% for Pb. However, the presence of rye grass minimized the amendments' beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Bidar
- YNCREA-ISA, Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement (LGCgE), 48 boulevard Vauban, BP 41290, 59014, Lille cedex, France.
| | - Aurélie Pelfrêne
- YNCREA-ISA, Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement (LGCgE), 48 boulevard Vauban, BP 41290, 59014, Lille cedex, France
| | - Brice Louvel
- YNCREA-ISA, Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement (LGCgE), 48 boulevard Vauban, BP 41290, 59014, Lille cedex, France
| | - Adeline Janus
- YNCREA-ISA, Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement (LGCgE), 48 boulevard Vauban, BP 41290, 59014, Lille cedex, France
| | - Francis Douay
- YNCREA-ISA, Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement (LGCgE), 48 boulevard Vauban, BP 41290, 59014, Lille cedex, France
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Lahori AH, Zhang Z, Shaheen SM, Rinklebe J, Guo Z, Li R, Mahar A, Wang Z, Ren C, Mi S, Liu T, Jing R. Mono-and co-applications of Ca-bentonite with zeolite, Ca-hydroxide, and tobacco biochar affect phytoavailability and uptake of copper and lead in a gold mine-polluted soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 374:401-411. [PMID: 31029745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the efficacy of Ca-bentonite (CB) alone and combined with Ca-hydroxide (CH), tobacco biochar (TB), and zeolite (ZL) aiming to immobilize Cu and Pb and decrease their bioavailability and uptake by pak choi followed by maize in a mining contaminated soil. The CB alone was able to decrease the availability and uptake of Cu and Pb by pak choi and maize. The mono- and multi-combination of CH, TB, and ZL with CB showed contradictory impact on the availability and uptake of Cu and Pb as compared to the mono-application of CB. The combination of CB with ZL and CH + ZL reduced the uptake of Pb by pak choi and maize, while the combination of CB with TB and ZL reduced the uptake of Cu by pak choi and maize as compared to the mono-application of CB. The co-application of CB with CH increased the phytoextraction of Cu by maize and Pb by pak choi shoots as compared to the mono-application of CB. We conclude that modified clays such as CB alone or combined with ZL, TB, and/or CH might be suitable candidates for phytomanagement of Cu and Pb contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altaf Hussain Lahori
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China.
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China.
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33 516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Zhanyu Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Amanullah Mahar
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science Institute of Environmental Engineering, NingXia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Chunyan Ren
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Shenshen Mi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Ren Jing
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
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Chen L, Wu W, Han F, Li J, Ye W, Fu H, Yan Y, Ma Y, Wang Q. Agronomic Management and Rice Varieties Controlling Cd Bioaccumulation in Rice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16132376. [PMID: 31277388 PMCID: PMC6650852 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16132376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Selection of rice varieties and application of amendments are effective measures to ensure food safety. Here we report that in the non-Cd area, the grain quality of all rice varieties met the Chinese National Grain Safety Standards (CNGSS). In the high-Cd area, rice varieties showed significant different bioaccumulation of Cd with lower rice yields than those in non-Cd area with the average decrease of 31.1%. There was a negative correlation between grain Cd content and yields. A total of 19 rice varieties were selected as low Cd accumulating rice varieties and their Cd content met CNGSS in the low-Cd area. Six of them met CNGSS in the high-Cd area. The application of amendments significantly reduced Cd content in rice grains by 1.0–84.7% with an average of 52.6% and 13 of varieties met CNGSS. The amendments reduced available Cd content in soils by 1.1–75.8% but had no significant effects on rice yields. Therefore, the current study implied that proper agronomic management with selection of rice varieties and soil amendments was essential in controlling Cd accumulation in rice grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangmei Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230001, China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39056, USA
| | - Wenge Wu
- Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Fengxiang Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39056, USA
| | - Jiangxia Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Wenling Ye
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Huanhuan Fu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Yonghua Yan
- Department of Math, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39056, USA
| | - Youhua Ma
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230001, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230001, China.
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46
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Ran H, Guo Z, Shi L, Feng W, Xiao X, Peng C, Xue Q. Effects of mixed amendments on the phytoavailability of Cd in contaminated paddy soil under a rice-rape rotation system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:14128-14136. [PMID: 30859443 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04477-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A field experiment was performed to study the effects of mixed amendments, namely lime + organic fertilizer (LO), lime + organic fertilizer + calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer (LOC), lime + organic fertilizer + sepiolite (LOS), and lime + organic fertilizer + calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer + sepiolite (LOCS), on the availability and uptake of Cd from contaminated paddy soil under a rice-rape (Oryza sativa L. and Brassica napus L.) rotation system. The results showed that the grain yields of rice and rape with mixed amendment-treated were slightly influenced, in that the soil pH significantly increased while the DTPA-extractable Cd content of the soil and Cd uptake by the rice and rape were significantly reduced. The uptake of Cd by brown rice decreased significantly (p < 0.05), by 55.9-59.3% and 69.6-75.5% in the 2016 and 2017 crops, respectively, compared with that of the control (CK). The Cd uptake by rapeseeds during the 2017 season observably (p < 0.05) decreased by 38.2 and 29.6% under LO and LOC treatments, respectively. The Cd concentrations in rapeseeds were 0.11-0.18 mg kg-1 under all the treatments except LOCS treatment, which is lower than the National Standard of Pollutants in Food of China (GB 2762-2017, 0.2 mg kg-1). From both economic and food safety standpoints, rape is recommended for Cd-contaminated soil because it has a low Cd accumulation ability. The results showed that the rice-rape rotation combined with LO or LOC application was useful for reducing the Cd content in both rice and rape in Cd-contaminated soil and the effects could be sustained at least for three crop seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhen Ran
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Guo
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Shi
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Feng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyuan Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Peng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Xue
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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Shi L, Guo Z, Peng C, Xiao X, Feng W, Huang B, Ran H. Immobilization of cadmium and improvement of bacterial community in contaminated soil following a continuous amendment with lime mixed with fertilizers: A four-season field experiment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:425-434. [PMID: 30639868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the continuous amendments with lime (L), lime mixed with organic manure (LO), or phosphate fertilizer (LP) on the soil bacterial community, soil available cadmium (Cd) content, and Cd accumulation in rice planted in a Cd contaminated paddy soil were determined through a four-season field experiment. The results showed that with continuous application of amendments during the four seasons, the soil pH increased significantly compared with the control, while the soil available Cd content significantly decreased by 12.9-18.2%, 13.1-17.3% and 0.09-23.2% under the L, LO, or LP treatments, and the Cd content of rice was significantly reduced by 28.5-56.2%, 37.6-53.4%, and 31.2-44.6%, respectively. The rice Cd content in each season at amendment treatments was lower than the National Food Safety Standard of China (maximum level of Cd in grains is 0.2 mg/kg). The diversity and richness of soil bacteria significantly increased after the continuous amendments in soil for four-season cropping. Soil pH and available Cd content were important factors for soil bacterial community. Lime mixed with phosphate fertilizer or organic manure had been characterized by a significant increase of Proteobacteria, Nitrospirae, and Chloroflexi and a decrease of Acidobacteria based on an Illumina Miseq sequencing analysis. The results indicate that the continuous application of lime mixed with organic manure or phosphate fertilizer is a very important measure to ensure the quality safety of rice and improve soil quality in a Cd-contaminated paddy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhaohui Guo
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Chi Peng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiyuan Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wenli Feng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hongzhen Ran
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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Antonkiewicz J, Baran A, Pełka R, Wisła-Świder A, Nowak E, Konieczka P. A mixture of cellulose production waste with municipal sewage as new material for an ecological management of wastes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 169:607-614. [PMID: 30496992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Chemical contaminants present in cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge condition the necessity to treat these wastes before they are introduced into the environment. Environmental use of the these wastes appears to be justified owing to the content of organic substances as well as the considerable fertilising value. The aim of the study was to assess chemical composition and ecotoxicity of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge in terms of their eco-friendly application. The assessment was done based on the established soil environment according to regulations in Poland. The research on the chemical composition of the wastes was conducted under laboratory conditions, determining the content of macroelements, microelements and heavy metals with respect to using these wastes in the environment. Phytotoxkit and Microtox tests were performed in order to determine the ecotoxicity of the wastes in the aspect of their environmental use. It was established that, compared to the cellulose production waste, the municipal sewage sludge used in the incubation experiment had a higher content of macroelements and microelements. The content of heavy metals in the waste did not exceed the permissible content that conditions their use in agriculture and reclamation. Based on the results of bioassays it was established that the cellulose production waste was toxic, whereas the combination of cellulose production waste and sewage sludge was found to be of low toxicity to test organisms. The applied wastes and their mixtures were ranked according to phytotoxicity in the following order: cellulose production waste > cellulose production waste + soil > cellulose production waste + sewage sludge. The research results indicate that waste mixtures qualify for environmental use. With respect to the variable chemical composition of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge as well as their ecotoxicity, it was established that each batch intended for environmental use must be subjected to chemical analysis and ecotoxicological tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Antonkiewicz
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Av. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Baran
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Av. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Robert Pełka
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Av. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Anna Wisła-Świder
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Str. Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Nowak
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Str. Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Piotr Konieczka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Str. Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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Effect of Liming with Various Water Regimes on Both Immobilization of Cadmium and Improvement of Bacterial Communities in Contaminated Paddy: A Field Experiment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16030498. [PMID: 30754673 PMCID: PMC6388227 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16030498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) in paddy soil is one of the most harmful potentially toxic elements threatening human health. In order to study the effect of lime combined with intermittent and flooding conditions on the soil pH, Cd availability and its accumulation in tissues at the tillering, filling and maturity stages of rice, as well as enzyme activity and the microbial community in contaminated soil, a field experiment was conducted. The results showed that liming under flooding conditions is a more suitable strategy for in situ remediation of Cd-contaminated paddy soil than intermittent conditions. The availability of Cd in soils was closely related to the duration of flooding. Liming was an effective way at reducing available Cd in flooding soil because it promotes the transformation of Cd in soil from acid-extractable to reducible fraction or residual fraction during the reproductive growth period of rice. Compared with control, after liming, the concentration of Cd in brown rice was reduced by 34.9% under intermittent condition while reduced by 55.8% under flooding condition. Meanwhile, phosphatase, urease, and invertase activities in soil increased by 116.7%, 61.4% and 28.8%, and 41.3%, 46.5% and 20.8%, respectively. The high urease activity in tested soils could be used to assess soil recovery with liming for the remediation of contaminated soil. Soil microbial diversity was determined by the activities of soil acid phosphatase, urease and available Cd by redundancy analysis (RDA). The results indicated that the problem of Cd-contaminated paddy soil could achieve risk control of agricultural planting by chemical treatment such as lime, combined with various water regimes.
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50
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Cui H, Zhang W, Zhou J, Xu L, Zhang X, Zhang S, Zhou J. Availability and vertical distribution of Cu, Cd, Ca, and P in soil as influenced by lime and apatite with different dosages: a 7-year field study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:35143-35153. [PMID: 30328042 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that alkaline amendments could effectively decrease the bioavailability of heavy metals in soils. However, the vertical distribution of heavy metals and the nutrients enriching in amendments are little concerned during long-term field remediation. Thus, the objective of the present study was to investigate the vertical distribution and availability of Cu, Cd, Ca, and P after a 7-year field experiment. In this study, a single application of lime and apatite was conducted with the rates of 1.71-6.84 and 6.84-19.8 tons/ha, respectively. Soil pH and immobilization efficiency of Cu and Cd were both increased with increasing dosages of lime and apatite (0-50 cm). Applications of lime and apatite decreased the mobility of Cu and Cd although soil Cu and Cd in the surface soil were increased due to the input by atmospheric dry and wet deposition. Moreover, concentrations of Cu and Cd in lime- and apatite-amended soils (0-13 cm) were higher than those in the control group. However, applications of lime and apatite decreased the downward eluviations of heavy metals in soils (13-50 cm). For soil nutrients, the Ca concentrations at 0-13 and 13-30 cm were both enhanced with increasing amendment dosages, while only soil P concentration at 0-13 cm was increased in apatite-treated soils and majority of them presented in stable-P. In addition, resin-P was increased with increasing dosages of the apatite, which suggested that high eutrophication risk was induced by excessive P loss. Thus, more attention should be paid to the nutrients (phosphorus) and pollutants enriching in the amendments during in-situ remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbiao Cui
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China.
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- College of Environmental Science and Tourism, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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