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Tang F, Xiao S, Chen X, Huang J, Xue J, Ali I, Zhu W, Chen H, Huang M. Preliminary construction of a microecological evaluation model for uranium-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:28775-28788. [PMID: 38558338 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33044-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
With the extensive development of nuclear energy, soil uranium contamination has become an increasingly prominent problem. The development of evaluation systems for various uranium contamination levels and soil microhabitats is critical. In this study, the effects of uranium contamination on the carbon source metabolic capacity and microbial community structure of soil microbial communities were investigated using Biolog microplate technology and high-throughput sequencing, and the responses of soil biochemical properties to uranium were also analyzed. Then, ten key biological indicators as reliable input variables, including arylsulfatase, biomass nitrogen, metabolic entropy, microbial entropy, Simpson, Shannon, McIntosh, Nocardioides, Lysobacter, and Mycoleptodisus, were screened by random forest (RF), Boruta, and grey relational analysis (GRA). The optimal uranium-contaminated soil microbiological evaluation model was obtained by comparing the performance of three evaluation methods: partial least squares regression (PLS), support vector regression (SVR), and improved particle algorithm (IPSO-SVR). Consequently, partial least squares regression (PLS) has a higher R2 (0.932) and a lower RMSE value (0.214) compared to the other. This research provides a new evaluation method to describe the relationship between soil ecological effects and biological indicators under nuclear contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanzhou Tang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
- National Co-Innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiqi Xiao
- Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610081, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China.
- National Co-Innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jiali Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
- National Co-Innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiahao Xue
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
- National Co-Innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Imran Ali
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
- National Co-Innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Wenkun Zhu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Sichuan Institute of Atomic Energy, Chengdu, 610100, China
| | - Min Huang
- Sichuan Institute of Atomic Energy, Chengdu, 610100, China
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Donaher SE, Van den Hurk P. Ecotoxicology of the herbicide paraquat: effects on wildlife and knowledge gaps. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:1187-1199. [PMID: 37973658 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02714-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is an organic herbicide introduced to the commercial market in 1962 and since linked to a variety of human health effects, including lung fibrosis, liver tumors, and Parkinson's disease. Although PQ is banned in the European Union, it is still frequently used in agricultural areas of the United States and Asia. The general mechanism of PQ's toxicity is the disruption of the redox cycle in cells. This mini-review summarizes our current understanding of PQ toxicity in non-target plants and animals. Among vertebrates, PQ sensitivity tends follow the pattern of fish > amphibians > mammals > birds. Aquatic plants are particularly vulnerable to PQ, with EC50 values ranging from ~28-280 μg/L. A number of convenient but non-specific biomarkers have been identified for non-target species, including the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, histological changes in the gill structures of fish, and the upregulation of genes associated with the cytochrome p450 monooxygenase system. Significant literature gaps include a lack of data for environmentally realistic conditions (i.e., chronic, low concentration, multi-stressor), toxicity in reptiles, and population- and ecosystem-level effects. Although PQ is a useful herbicide, considering the many human and ecological health impacts, it may be time for regulators and the agricultural industry to reconsider its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Donaher
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC, USA.
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Miller SJ, Darji RY, Walaieh S, Lewis JA, Logan R. Senolytic and senomorphic secondary metabolites as therapeutic agents in Drosophila melanogaster models of Parkinson's disease. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1271941. [PMID: 37840914 PMCID: PMC10568035 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1271941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Drosophila melanogaster is a valuable model organism for a wide range of biological exploration. The well-known advantages of D. melanogaster include its relatively simple biology, the ease with which it is genetically modified, the relatively low financial and time costs associated with their short gestation and life cycles, and the large number of offspring they produce per generation. D. melanogaster has facilitated the discovery of many significant insights into the pathology of Parkinson's disease (PD) and has served as an excellent preclinical model of PD-related therapeutic discovery. In this review, we provide an overview of the major D. melanogaster models of PD, each of which provide unique insights into PD-relevant pathology and therapeutic targets. These models are discussed in the context of their past, current, and future potential use for studying the utility of secondary metabolites as therapeutic agents in PD. Over the last decade, senolytics have garnered an exponential interest in their ability to mitigate a broad spectrum of diseases, including PD. Therefore, an emphasis is placed on the senolytic and senomorphic properties of secondary metabolites. It is expected that D. melanogaster will continue to be critical in the effort to understand and improve treatment of PD, including their involvement in translational studies focused on secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean J. Miller
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Rayyan Y. Darji
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Sami Walaieh
- Department of Biology, Eastern Nazarene College, Quincy, MA, United States
| | - Jhemerial A. Lewis
- Department of Biology, Eastern Nazarene College, Quincy, MA, United States
| | - Robert Logan
- Department of Biology, Eastern Nazarene College, Quincy, MA, United States
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Ojija F. Eco-friendly management of Parthenium hysterophorus. Sci Prog 2022; 105:368504221118234. [PMID: 35938179 PMCID: PMC10450465 DOI: 10.1177/00368504221118234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In sub-Saharan Africa, the invasive plant Parthenium hysterophorus (Parthenium) is threatening ecosystem integrity, biodiversity, and smallholder livelihoods. But, there is no single effective method of controlling it. Desmodium intortum, Lablab purpureus, and Medicago sativa were tested for their capacity to suppress Parthenium, as well as the allelopathic potential of Desmodium uncinatum leaf crude (DuLc) extract. While the study investigated the effect of DuLc extract concentrations on seed germination and seedling growth in laboratory, pot, field plot, it also assessed the effect of selected suppressive plants on Parthenium growth. It was found that high levels of DuLc concentrations and suppressive plants inhibited Parthenium germination and growth. When Parthenium was grown with suppressive plants, its growth was inhibited compared to when it was grown alone. When grown with all three test plants, the stem height and total fresh biomass of Parthenium seedlings were lowered by more than 60% and 59% in pots, and 40% and 45% in plots, respectively. Parthenium seed germination was decreased by 57% in plots, 60% in pots, and 73% in petri dishes at higher DuLc concentrations (i.e. 75% and 100%). Parthenium seedling stem heights were 36% (in plots) and 30% (in pots) shorter when sprayed with higher concentrations of DuLc. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that suppressive plants and those containing allelochemicals can be employed as a management tool to combat Parthenium invasion in sub-Saharan Africa, notably in Tanzania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrick Ojija
- Department of Earth Sciences, Mbeya University of Science and Technology, Mbeya, Tanzania
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Neves PFR, Milanesi BB, Paz LV, de Miranda Monteiro VAC, Neves LT, da Veiga LC, da Silva RB, Sulzbach JH, Knijkik GP, de Revoredo Ribeiro EC, de Souza Silva EL, Vieira MQ, Bagatini PB, Wieck A, Mestriner RG, Xavier LL. Age-related tolerance to paraquat-induced parkinsonism in Drosophila melanogaster. Toxicol Lett 2022; 361:43-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Freitas IBF, Ogura AP, Cunha DGF, Cossolin AS, Ferreira MDS, Goulart BV, Montagner CC, Espíndola ELG. The Longitudinal Profile of a Stream Contaminated With 2,4-D and its Effects on Non-Target Species. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 82:131-141. [PMID: 34797381 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-021-00903-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides can cause harmful effects to aquatic communities, even at concentrations below the threshold limit established as guidelines for the water bodies by environmental agencies. In this research, an input of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (i.e., 2,4-D) was simulated under controlled conditions in a 500-m-long reach of a first-order tropical stream in Southeastern Brazil. Two water samplings at eight stations investigated the stream longitudinal contamination profile. The ecotoxicological effects were analyzed using Eruca sativa L. seed germination assays and the acute and chronic toxicity tests with the neotropical cladoceran Ceriodaphnia silvestrii. Physicochemical parameters of water quality were evaluated to characterize the study area and quantify 2,4-D concentrations along the stream to assess pesticide retention. The 2,4-D concentration was reduced by approximately 50% downstream in the samplings, indicating that the herbicide was retained along the stream. Moreover, C. silvestrii reproduction in long-term assays decreased approximately 50% in the stations with higher concentrations of 2,4-D than the laboratory control. After contamination, E. sativa L. showed a lower average root growth (1.0 cm), statistically different from the control (2.2 cm). On the other hand, similar growth values were obtained among the background and the most downstream stations. Our study highlighted the relevance of reviewing and updating herbicide guidelines and criteria to prevent possible ecological risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabele Baima Ferreira Freitas
- Nucleus of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Trabalhador Sancarlense Avenue, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil.
| | - Allan Pretti Ogura
- Nucleus of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Trabalhador Sancarlense Avenue, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Davi Gasparini Fernandes Cunha
- Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, BIOTACE/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Silva Cossolin
- Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, BIOTACE/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Murilo de Souza Ferreira
- Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, BIOTACE/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca Veloso Goulart
- Analytical Chemistry Department, LQA, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cassiana Carolina Montagner
- Analytical Chemistry Department, LQA, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola
- Nucleus of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Trabalhador Sancarlense Avenue, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil
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Demi SM, Sicchia SR. Agrochemicals Use Practices and Health Challenges of Smallholder Farmers in Ghana. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2021; 15:11786302211043033. [PMID: 34552335 PMCID: PMC8450680 DOI: 10.1177/11786302211043033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, Africa is one of the continents that uses the lowest quantity of agrochemicals in farming. However, unsafe chemical use practices are high among farmers in Africa, posing serious health and environmental consequences. This study seeks to address three questions: (1) What factors motivate/compel smallholder farmers in Ghana to use agrochemicals? (2) What safety precautions or unsafe chemical use practices can be found in the communities? (3) What are the health implications of agrochemical use among smallholder farmers in Ghana? METHODOLOGY The study used purposive and simple random sampling techniques to select 136 individuals for the survey, out of which 31 individuals were eliminated, and 105 participants were selected for in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Additionally, participants' observations were collected, workshops were facilitated, and documents analyses were conducted. Qualitative data were analyzed using NVivo software and the quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. FINDINGS The study found that environmental challenges, activities of NGOs, government policy, lack of or high cost of labor, and competition among farmers were major factors influencing farmers' decisions to use agrochemicals. Present agrochemical use in Ghana poses a risk to health and the environment. Finally, the study discovered chemical poisoning and low self-reported health quality as major health implications of agrochemical use in the communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman M Demi
- Suleyman M Demi, Department of
Health and Society, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military
Trail, Office HL 208, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.
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Thongpitak J, Pumas P, Pumas C. Paraquat Degradation by Biological Manganese Oxide (BioMnO x ) Catalyst Generated From Living Microalga Pediastrum duplex AARL G060. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:575361. [PMID: 33042090 PMCID: PMC7522373 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.575361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Paraquat is a non-selective fast-acting herbicide used to control weeds in agricultural crops. Many years of extensive use has caused environmental pollution and food toxicity. This agrochemical degrades slowly in nature, adsorbs onto clay lattices, and may require environmental remediation. Studies have shown that biosynthesized manganese oxide (BioMnOx) successfully degraded toxic synthetic compounds such as bis-phenol A and diclofenac, thus it has potential for paraquat degradation. In this experiment, P. duplex AARL G060 generated low (9.03 mg/L) and high (42.41 mg/L) concentrations of BioMnOx. The precipitated BioMnOx was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the elemental composition was identified as Mn and O by energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The potential for BioMnOx to act as a catalyst in the degradation of paraquat was evaluated under three treatments: (1) a negative control (deionized water), (2) living alga with low BioMnOx plus hydrogen peroxide, and (3) living alga with high BioMnOx plus hydrogen peroxide. The results indicate that BioMnOx served as a catalyst in the Fenton-like reaction that could degrade more than 50% of the paraquat within 72 h. A kinetic study indicated that paraquat degradation by Fenton-like reactions using BioMnOx as a catalyst can be described by pseudo-first and pseudo-second order models. The pH level of the BioMnOx catalyst was neutral at the end of the experiment. In conclusion, BioMnOx is a viable and environmentally friendly catalyst to accelerate degradation of paraquat and other toxic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakkapong Thongpitak
- PhD Degree Program in Environmental Science, Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pamon Pumas
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Chiang Mai Rajabhat University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chayakorn Pumas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Research Center in Bioresources for Agriculture, Industry and Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Bio-herbicide potential of naturalised Desmodium uncinatum crude leaf extract against the invasive plant species Parthenium hysterophorus. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02075-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Huang Y, Zhan H, Bhatt P, Chen S. Paraquat Degradation From Contaminated Environments: Current Achievements and Perspectives. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1754. [PMID: 31428067 PMCID: PMC6689968 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Paraquat herbicide has served over five decades to control annual and perennial weeds. Despite agricultural benefits, its toxicity to terrestrial and aquatic environments raises serious concerns. Paraquat cannot rapidly degrade in the environment and is adsorbed in clay lattices that require urgent environmental remediation. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and bioaugmentation techniques have been developed for this purpose. Among various techniques, bioremediation is a cost-effective and eco-friendly approach for pesticide-polluted soils. Though several paraquat-degrading microorganisms have been isolated and characterized, studies about degradation pathways, related functional enzymes and genes are indispensable. This review encircles paraquat removal from contaminated environments through adsorption, photocatalyst degradation, AOPs and microbial degradation. To provide in-depth knowledge, the potential role of paraquat degrading microorganisms in contaminated environments is described as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohua Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pankaj Bhatt
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Using an Environment-Friendly Fertiliser from Sewage Sludge Ash with the Addition of Bacillus megaterium. MINERALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/min9070423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Sewage sludge ash (SSA) is considered to be a valuable secondary raw material for the production of phosphorous fertilisers. This method of recycling may also be a solution to the problem posed by the growing amount of this waste. An innovative suspension fertiliser (SSAB) was produced from SSA and the phosphorus-solubilising bacteria Bacillus megaterium and was tested in a field experiment in the presence of spring wheat as the test plant in comparison to conventional fertilisers (superphosphate, phosphorite). Two variants of plant protection were also adopted: full chemical plant protection (+PP) and no plant protection (−PP). Besides affecting yield, it was expected that SSAB would not worsen the state of the soil environment. This paper presents SSAB effect on soil moisture and temperature, soil pH, content of toxic elements (As, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb) in the soil, abundance of heterotrophic bacteria and fungi and the occurrence of earthworms. SSAB did not affect the tested soil characteristics when applied in reasonable doses. Plant protection had an individual effect on soil properties but did not modify the fertiliser action. SSAB may be a potential substitute for P fertilisers produced from non-renewable raw materials in times of shortage. Further long-term research is recommended to confirm these findings.
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