1
|
Yu Z, Guo M, Bai X, Ruan G, Sun Y, Han W, Yang H. Exploring the association between cardiovascular health and bowel health. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11819. [PMID: 38783080 PMCID: PMC11116406 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62715-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic constipation, diarrhea, and fecal incontinence have high incidence, potential disability, and socioeconomic impact, imposing a heavy burden on the quality of life. We aim to explore the association between cardiovascular health (CVH) and bowel health from National Health and Nutrition Survey 2005-2010. CVH is assessed using Life's Essential 8 (LE8). Chronic constipation, chronic diarrhea, and fecal incontinence are assessed based on Bristol Stool Form Scale classification, bowel movements, and bowel leakage. Better health behaviors (odds ratio [OR]: 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53-0.94, p = 0.02) and worse health factors (OR: 1.45, CI 1.03-2.04, p = 0.04) were associated with less chronic constipation. Less chronic diarrhea is correlated with better CVH (OR: 0.53, 95% CI 0.35-0.79, p = 0.003) and health factors (OR: 0.61, CI 0.46-0.81, p = 0.001). Meanwhile, the proportion of chronic diarrhea significantly decreases when the health behaviors score exceeds 59.42. Lower fecal incontinence was associated with better health behaviors (OR: 0.63, CI 0.44-0.90, p = 0.01) CVH. Better CVH and health behaviors are both linked to lower all-cause mortality in participants with chronic constipation and chronic diarrhea. A higher health behaviors score is also associated with less all-cause mortality in patients with fecal incontinence. Maintaining CVH at the population level contributes to intestinal health, achieving the dual management of both while saving on healthcare costs. However, further prospective research is needed to confirm these associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Mingyue Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiaoyin Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Gechong Ruan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yinghao Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
AlShanableh Z, Ray EC. Magnesium in hypertension: mechanisms and clinical implications. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1363975. [PMID: 38665599 PMCID: PMC11044701 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1363975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Evidence suggests that Mg2+ depletion contributes to hypertension. It is estimated that 25% or more of the United States population experiences chronic, latent Mg2+ depletion. This review explores mechanisms by which Mg2+ influences blood pressure, modifying risk of hypertension and complicating its treatment. Mechanisms addressed include effects upon i) sympathetic tone, via the modulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and N-type Ca2+ channel activity, influencing catecholamine release from sympathetic nerve endings; ii) vascular tone, via alteration of L-type Ca2+ and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity and prostacyclin release; iii) renal K+ handling, influencing systemic K+ balance and potentially indirectly influencing blood pressure; iv) aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex; and v) modulation of pro-hypertensive inflammatory processes in dendritic cells and macrophages, including activation of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and stimulation of isolevuglandin (IsoLG) production. Discovery of these mechanisms has furthered our understanding of the pathogenesis of hypertension, with implications for treatment and has highlighted the role of Mg2+ balance in hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Evan C. Ray
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, UPMC and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Correa S, Guerra-Torres XE, Waikar SS, Mc Causland FR. Serum Magnesium, Blood Pressure, and Risk of Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression in the CRIC Study. Hypertension 2021; 78:1771-1780. [PMID: 34757763 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Correa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.C.).,Yale New Haven Hospital, CT (S.C.).,Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital. Boston, MA (S.C., F.R.M.C.).,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.C., F.R.M.C.)
| | - Xavier E Guerra-Torres
- Nephrology Section, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain (X.E.G.-T.)
| | - Sushrut S Waikar
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, MA (S.S.W.)
| | - Finnian R Mc Causland
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital. Boston, MA (S.C., F.R.M.C.).,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.C., F.R.M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Barragán R, Llopis J, Portolés O, Sorlí JV, Coltell O, Rivas-García L, Asensio EM, Ortega-Azorín C, Corella D, Sánchez-González C. Influence of Demographic and Lifestyle Variables on Plasma Magnesium Concentrations and Their Associations with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Mediterranean Population. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041018. [PMID: 32276338 PMCID: PMC7230301 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that a low magnesium (Mg) intake in the diet is associated with greater cardiovascular risk and greater risk of diabetes. However, the results are not consistent in all populations. To minimize the biases derived from diet measurement, more objective biomarkers of magnesium status have been proposed. Although there is still no ideal biomarker for Mg, several studies have shown that plasma Mg concentrations could be a relatively acceptable biomarker for cardiovascular risk assessment. However, further studies are required to better characterize this marker in different populations. Our aim was to analyze the association between plasma Mg concentrations (measured through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)) methods, and cardiovascular risk factors in individuals from a general Mediterranean population (aged 18–80 years). The influence of demographic and lifestyle variables, including adherence to the Mediterranean diet, on plasma Mg concentrations was analyzed. The mean Mg level of the population studied was 0.77 ± 0.08 mmol/L, the prevalence of hypomagnesemia (<0.70 mmol/L) being 18.6%. We did not find any statistically significant differences between plasma Mg concentrations and sex, age, tobacco smoking and total adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p > 0.05). We found a statistically significant association between plasma Mg concentrations and the prevalence of type-2 diabetes (0.77 ± 0.08 mmol/L in non-diabetics versus 0.73 ± 0.13 mmol/L in diabetics; p = 0.009). Despite the low prevalence of type-2 diabetes in this population (11.24% in subjects with hypomagnesemia versus 3.91%, in normomagnesemia; p = 0.005), hypomagnesemia was associated with greater odds of being diabetic in comparison with normomagnesemia (OR = 3.36; p = 0.016, even after adjustment for sex, age, obesity, and medications). On the other hand, no statistically significant association of plasma Mg concentrations with obesity, hypertension, fasting triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol or uric acid was found. However, in contrast to what was initially expected, a statistically significant association was found between plasma Mg concentrations (basically in the highest quartile) and greater total cholesterol (p < 0.05) and LDL-cholesterol concentrations (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results contribute to increasing the evidence gathered by numerous studies on the inverse association between hypomagnesemia and type-2 diabetes, as well as to the observation, previously reported in some studies, of a direct association with hypercholesterolemia. This paradoxical link should be deeply investigated in further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Barragán
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.B.); (O.P.); (J.V.S.); (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Juan Llopis
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.L.); (L.R.-G.); (C.S.-G.)
| | - Olga Portolés
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.B.); (O.P.); (J.V.S.); (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jose V. Sorlí
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.B.); (O.P.); (J.V.S.); (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Oscar Coltell
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Computer Languages and Systems, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Rivas-García
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.L.); (L.R.-G.); (C.S.-G.)
| | - Eva M. Asensio
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.B.); (O.P.); (J.V.S.); (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Carolina Ortega-Azorín
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.B.); (O.P.); (J.V.S.); (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Dolores Corella
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.B.); (O.P.); (J.V.S.); (E.M.A.); (C.O.-A.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-96-386-4800
| | - Cristina Sánchez-González
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.L.); (L.R.-G.); (C.S.-G.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guerrero-Romero F, Rodríguez-Morán M. The ratio potassium-to-magnesium intake and high blood pressure. Eur J Clin Invest 2019; 49:e13093. [PMID: 30801694 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyse whether the weight ratio of potassium-to-magnesium intake is associated with incident high blood pressure, in otherwise healthy individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 529 healthy individuals were enrolled in a cross-sectional study and allocated into following groups: group 1) potassium and magnesium intake within Recommended Dietary Allowance; group 2) magnesium intake as recommended and potassium intake below of recommended dietary allowance; group 3) potassium intake as recommended and magnesium intake below of recommended dietary allowance; and group 4) magnesium and potassium intake below recommended dietary allowance. Groups in study were matched by sodium and calcium intake. A "24 hours recall" questionnaire was used to register all intakes of food and drinks for two consecutive days. Multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted by sex, waist circumference, and triglycerides levels was used to compute the odds ratio between intakes of magnesium and potassium with the high blood pressure. RESULTS High blood pressure was identified in 155 (29.3%) individuals. There were no statistical significant differences by obesity and overweight between the groups. As compared with individuals in the group 1, the potassium-to-magnesium ratio (odds ratio 0.88; 95%CI 0.85-0.93) but not the isolated magnesium and potassium intake per se, was inversely associated to high blood pressure in the subjects of group 4; individuals in the groups 2 and 3 showed no association. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that, in healthy individuals with magnesium and potassium intake below recommended dietary allowance, the high potassium-to-magnesium ratio is inversely associated with incident high blood pressure.
Collapse
|
6
|
Carnauba RA, Baptistella AB, Paschoal V, Hübscher GH. Diet-Induced Low-Grade Metabolic Acidosis and Clinical Outcomes: A Review. Nutrients 2017; 9:E538. [PMID: 28587067 PMCID: PMC5490517 DOI: 10.3390/nu9060538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-grade metabolic acidosis is a condition characterized by a slight decrease in blood pH, within the range considered normal, and feeding is one of the main factors that may influence the occurrence of such a condition. The excessive consumption of acid precursor foods (sources of phosphorus and proteins), to the detriment of those precursors of bases (sources of potassium, calcium, and magnesium), leads to acid-base balance volubility. If this condition occurs in a prolonged, chronic way, low-grade metabolic acidosis can become significant and predispose to metabolic imbalances such as kidney stone formation, increased bone resorption, reduced bone mineral density, and the loss of muscle mass, as well as the increased risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis. Considering the increase in the number of studies investigating the influence of diet-induced metabolic acidosis on clinical outcomes, this review gathers the available evidence evaluating the association of this disturbance and metabolic imbalances, as well as related mechanisms. It is necessary to look at the western dietary pattern of most countries and the increasing incidence of non-comunicable diseases for the balance between fruit and vegetable intake and the appropriate supply of protein, mainly from animal sources, so that it does not exceed the daily recommendations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valéria Paschoal
- VP Research Institute, 287, Carlos Petit St, São Paulo 04110-000, Brazil.
| | - Gilberti Helena Hübscher
- Departament of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guerrero-Romero F, Rodríguez-Morán M, Hernández-Ronquillo G, Gómez-Díaz R, Pizano-Zarate ML, Wacher NH, Mondragón-González R, Simental-Mendia LE. Low Serum Magnesium Levels and Its Association with High Blood Pressure in Children. J Pediatr 2016; 168:93-98.e1. [PMID: 26490130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of hypomagnesemia with prehypertension (preHTN) and hypertension in children. STUDY DESIGN A total of 3954 apparently healthy Mexican children were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Exclusion criteria were type 2 diabetes; hepatic, renal, or endocrine disease; impaired fasting glucose; chronic diarrhea; and intake of vitamins or magnesium supplements in the previous 6 months. preHTN was defined by systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90th to <95th percentile and hypertension by systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥95th percentile, according to age, sex, and height percentile. Hypomagnesemia was defined by serum magnesium concentration <1.8 mg/dL (<0.74 mmol/L). To control for potential sources of bias related to age, participants were allocated into 2 groups, aged 6-10 years and 11-15 years. RESULTS The prevalence of preHTN and hypertension was 12.2% and 6.4%, respectively, in children aged 6-10 years and 13.9% and 10.6% in those aged 11-15 years. Hypomagnesemia was identified in 59 children with preHTN (27.3%) and 52 (45.6%) with hypertension in the 6-10 year age group, and in 115 children with preHTN (36.0%) and 109 (49.6%) with hypertension in the 11-15 year age group. Adjusted multiple logistic regression analysis showed that in children in both age groups, hypomagnesemia was associated with both preHTN (6-10 years: OR, 2.18, P < .0005; 11-15 years: OR, 1.38, P = .018) and hypertension (6-10 years: OR, 4.87, P < .0005; 11-15 years: OR, 1.83, P = .0002). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that serum magnesium level <1.8 mg/dL is significantly associated with preHTN and hypertension in apparently healthy children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Guerrero-Romero
- Biomedical Research Unit of the Mexican Social Security Institute at Durango, Mexico; Research Group on Diabetes and Chronic Illnesses at Durango, Mexico
| | | | | | - Rita Gómez-Díaz
- National Institute of Perinatology from Mexico, Mexico; High Specialty Medical Unit, Specialty Hospital, National Medical Center Century XXI, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico
| | - María L Pizano-Zarate
- National Institute of Perinatology from Mexico, Mexico; Family Medicine Unit 4, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico
| | - Niels H Wacher
- Research Unit in Clinic Epidemiology, High Specialty Medical Unit, Specialty Hospital, National Medical Center Century XXI, Mexico
| | - Rafael Mondragón-González
- Research Unit in Clinic Epidemiology, High Specialty Medical Unit, Specialty Hospital, National Medical Center Century XXI, Mexico
| | - Luis E Simental-Mendia
- Biomedical Research Unit of the Mexican Social Security Institute at Durango, Mexico; Research Group on Diabetes and Chronic Illnesses at Durango, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Glasdam SM, Glasdam S, Peters GH. The Importance of Magnesium in the Human Body: A Systematic Literature Review. Adv Clin Chem 2016; 73:169-93. [PMID: 26975973 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium, the second and fourth most abundant cation in the intracellular compartment and whole body, respectively, is of great physiologic importance. Magnesium exists as bound and free ionized forms depending on temperature, pH, ionic strength, and competing ions. Free magnesium participates in many biochemical processes and is most commonly measured by ion-selective electrode. This analytical approach is problematic because complete selectivity is not possible due to competition with other ions, i.e., calcium, and pH interference. Unfortunately, many studies have focused on measurement of total magnesium rather than its free bioactive form making it difficult to correlate to disease states. This systematic literature review presents current analytical challenges in obtaining accurate and reproducible test results for magnesium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sidsel-Marie Glasdam
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Stinne Glasdam
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Nursing, Department of Health Sciences, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Günther H Peters
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rodríguez-Ramírez M, Simental-Mendía LE, González-Ortiz M, Martínez-Abundis E, Madero A, Brito-Zurita O, Pérez-Fuentes R, Revilla-Monsalve C, Islas-Andrade S, Rodríguez-Morán M, Guerrero-Romero F. Prevalence of Prehypertension in Mexico and Its Association With Hypomagnesemia. Am J Hypertens 2015; 28:1024-30. [PMID: 25618517 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpu293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prehypertension (preHTN) increases the risk of developing hypertension. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of preHTN in the Mexican adult population and evaluate the association between hypomagnesemia and preHTN. METHODS This study was a 2-phase, population-based study. In the first phase, 4,272 Mexican adults (aged 20-65 years) were enrolled to determine the prevalence of preHTN. In the second phase, a cross-sectional analysis was performed to evaluate the association between hypomagnesemia and preHTN. The exclusion criteria were chronic diarrhea, malignancy, hepatic and renal diseases, chronic inflammatory disease, and the intake of magnesium supplements. PreHTN was defined as a systolic blood pressure (BP) of 120-139 mm Hg and/or diastolic BP of 80-89 mm Hg, and hypomagnesemia was defined as a serum magnesium concentration <1.8 mg/dl. RESULTS The prevalence of preHTN was 37.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 36.0-39.0): 46.7% were men (95% CI: 44.1-49.4) and 33.2% (95% CI: 31.5-5.0) were women. The serum magnesium data were available for 921 participants. Hypomagnesemia was identified in 276 (30.0%; 95% CI: 27.1-33.0) subjects; of them, 176 (63.8%; 95% CI: 58.3-69.6) had preHTN. Individuals with preHTN exhibited lower magnesium levels than individuals without preHTN (1.78±0.36 vs. 1.95±0.37, P < 0.0005). A multiple logistic regression analysis (adjusted for age, sex, smoking, body mass index, waist circumference, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides levels) indicated a significant association between hypomagnesemia and preHTN (odds ratio = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.5-4.0, P < 0.0005). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of preHTN in the Mexican population is 37.5%, and hypomagnesemia is strongly associated with preHTN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Rodríguez-Ramírez
- The Multidisciplinary Research Group on Diabetes of the Mexican Social Security Institute, Durango, Dgo, México
| | - Luis E Simental-Mendía
- The Multidisciplinary Research Group on Diabetes of the Mexican Social Security Institute, Durango, Dgo, México
| | - Manuel González-Ortiz
- The Multidisciplinary Research Group on Diabetes of the Mexican Social Security Institute, Durango, Dgo, México; Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Esperanza Martínez-Abundis
- The Multidisciplinary Research Group on Diabetes of the Mexican Social Security Institute, Durango, Dgo, México; Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Agustín Madero
- The Multidisciplinary Research Group on Diabetes of the Mexican Social Security Institute, Durango, Dgo, México
| | - Olga Brito-Zurita
- The Multidisciplinary Research Group on Diabetes of the Mexican Social Security Institute, Durango, Dgo, México
| | - Ricardo Pérez-Fuentes
- The Multidisciplinary Research Group on Diabetes of the Mexican Social Security Institute, Durango, Dgo, México
| | - Cristina Revilla-Monsalve
- The Multidisciplinary Research Group on Diabetes of the Mexican Social Security Institute, Durango, Dgo, México
| | - Sergio Islas-Andrade
- The Multidisciplinary Research Group on Diabetes of the Mexican Social Security Institute, Durango, Dgo, México
| | - Martha Rodríguez-Morán
- The Multidisciplinary Research Group on Diabetes of the Mexican Social Security Institute, Durango, Dgo, México
| | - Fernando Guerrero-Romero
- The Multidisciplinary Research Group on Diabetes of the Mexican Social Security Institute, Durango, Dgo, México;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huitrón-Bravo GG, Denova-Gutiérrez E, de Jesús Garduño-García J, Talavera JO, Herreros B, Salmerón J. Dietary magnesium intake and risk of hypertension in a Mexican adult population: a cohort study. BMC Nutr 2015. [DOI: 10.1186/2055-0928-1-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
|
11
|
Floege J. Magnesium in CKD: more than a calcification inhibitor? J Nephrol 2014; 28:269-77. [PMID: 25227765 PMCID: PMC4439441 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-014-0140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium fulfils important roles in multiple physiological processes. Accordingly, a tight regulation of magnesium homeostasis is essential. Dysregulated magnesium serum levels, in particular hypomagnesaemia, are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and have been associated with poor clinical outcomes. In cell culture studies as well as in clinical situations magnesium levels were associated with vascular calcification, cardiovascular disease and altered bone-mineral metabolism. Magnesium has also been linked to diseases such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, fatigue and depression, all of which are common in CKD. The present review summarizes and discusses the latest clinical data on the impact of magnesium and possible effects of higher levels on the health status of patients with CKD, including an outlook on the use of magnesium-based phosphate-binding agents in this context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Floege
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH University of Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52057, Aachen, Germany,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rodríguez-Moran M, Guerrero-Romero F. Oral Magnesium Supplementation Improves the Metabolic Profile of Metabolically Obese, Normal-weight Individuals: A Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial. Arch Med Res 2014; 45:388-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
13
|
Dousdampanis P, Trigka K, Fourtounas C. Hypomagnesemia, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular mortality: Pronounced association but unproven causation. Hemodial Int 2014; 18:730-9. [PMID: 24641780 DOI: 10.1111/hdi.12159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Konstantina Trigka
- Hemodialysis Unit; Hemodialysis Unit Kyanos Stavros Patras; Patras Greece
| | - Costas Fourtounas
- Department of Internal Medicine-Nephrology; Patras University Hospital; Patras Greece
| |
Collapse
|