1
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Chattaraj A, Selvam TP. Calculation of biological effectiveness of SOBP proton beams: a TOPAS Monte Carlo study. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2024; 10:035004. [PMID: 38377599 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ad2b02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Objective.This study aims to investigate the biological effectiveness of Spread-Out Bragg-Peak (SOBP) proton beams with initial kinetic energies 50-250 MeV at different depths in water using TOPAS Monte Carlo code.Approach.The study modelled SOBP proton beams using TOPAS time feature. Various LET-based models and Repair-Misrepair-Fixation model were employed to calculate Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) for V79 cell lines at different on-axis depths based on TOPAS. Microdosimetric Kinetic Model and biological weighting function-based models, which utilize microdosimetric distributions, were also used to estimate the RBE. A phase-space-based method was adopted for calculating microdosimetric distributions.Main results.The trend of variation of RBE with depth is similar in all the RBE models, but the absolute RBE values vary based on the calculation models. RBE sharply increases at the distal edge of SOBP proton beams. In the entrance region of all the proton beams, RBE values at 4 Gy i.e. RBE(4 Gy) resulting from different models are in the range of 1.04-1.07, comparable to clinically used generic RBE of 1.1. Moving from the proximal to distal end of the SOBP, RBE(4 Gy) is in the range of 1.15-1.33, 1.13-1.21, 1.11-1.17, 1.13-1.18 and 1.17-1.21, respectively for 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 MeV SOBP beams, whereas at the distal dose fall-off region, these values are 1.68, 1.53, 1.44, 1.42 and 1.40, respectively.Significance.The study emphasises application of depth-, dose- and energy- dependent RBE values in clinical application of proton beams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Chattaraj
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Health, Safety and Environment Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400 085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400 094, India
| | - T Palani Selvam
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Health, Safety and Environment Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400 085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400 094, India
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2
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Selva A, Bianchi A, Cirrone GAP, Petringa G, Romano F, Schettino G, Conte V. Sensitivity of a mini-TEPC to radiation quality variations in clinical proton beams. Phys Med 2024; 118:103201. [PMID: 38199179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2023.103201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This work aims at studying the sensitivity of a miniaturized Tissue-Equivalent Proportional Counter to variations of beam quality in clinical radiation fields, to further investigate its performances as radiation quality monitor. METHODS Measurements were taken at the CATANA facility (INFN-LNS, Catania, Italy), in a monoenergetic and an energy-modulated proton beam with the same initial energy of 62 MeV. PMMA layers were placed in front of the detector to measure at different depths along the depth-dose profile. The frequency- and dose-mean lineal energy were compared to the track- and dose-averaged LET calculated by Monte Carlo simulations. A microdosimetric evaluation of the Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) was performed and compared with cell survival experiments. RESULTS Microdosimetric distributions measured at identical depths in the two beams show spectral differences reflecting their different radiation quality. Discrepancies are most evident at depths corresponding to the Spread-Out Bragg Peak, while spectra at the entrance and in the dose fall-off regions are similar. This can be explained by the different energy components that compose the pristine and spread-out peaks at each depth. The trend of microdosimetric mean values matches that of calculated LET averages along the entire penetration depth, and the microdosimetric estimation of RBE is consistent with radiobiological data not only at 2 Gy but also at lower dose levels, such as those absorbed by healthy tissues. CONCLUSIONS The mini-TEPC is sensitive to differences in radiation quality resulting from different modulations of the proton beam, confirming its potential for beam quality monitoring in proton therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Selva
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro, Italy.
| | - A Bianchi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro, Italy
| | | | - G Petringa
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy
| | - F Romano
- INFN Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - G Schettino
- National Physical Laboratory, Medical Radiation Science, Teddington, UK
| | - V Conte
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro, Italy
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3
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Verona C, Barna S, Georg D, Hamad Y, Magrin G, Marinelli M, Meouchi C, Verona Rinati G. Diamond based integrated detection system for dosimetric and microdosimetric characterization of radiotherapy ion beams. Med Phys 2024; 51:533-544. [PMID: 37656015 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ion beam therapy allows for a substantial sparing of normal tissues and higher biological efficacy. Synthetic single crystal diamond is a very good material to produce high-spatial-resolution and highly radiation hard detectors for both dosimetry and microdosimetry in ion beam therapy. PURPOSE The aim of this work is the design, fabrication and test of an integrated waterproof detector based on synthetic single crystal diamond able to simultaneously perform dosimetric and microdosimetric characterization of clinical ion beams. METHODS The active elements of the integrated diamond device, that is, dosimeter and microdosimeter, were both realized in a Schottky diode configuration featured by different area, thickness, and shape by means of photolithography technologies for the selective growth of intrinsic and boron-doped CVD diamond. The cross-section of the sensitive volume of the dosimetric element is 4 mm2 and 1 μm-thick, while the microdosimetric one has an active cross-sectional area of 100 × 100 μm2 and a thickness of about 6.2 μm. The dosimetric and microdosimetric performance of the developed device was assessed at different depths in a water phantom at the MedAustron ion beam therapy facility using a monoenergetic uniformly scanned carbon ion beam of 284.7 MeV/u and proton beam of 148.7 MeV. The particle flux in the region of the microdosimeter was 6·107 cm2 /s for both irradiation fields. At each depth, dose and dose distributions in lineal energy were measured simultaneously and the dose mean lineal energy values were then calculated. Monte Carlo simulations were also carried out by using the GATE-Geant4 code to evaluate the relative dose, dose averaged linear energy transfer (LETd ), and microdosimetric spectra at various depths in water for the radiation fields used, by considering the contribution from the secondary particles generated in the ion interaction processes as well. RESULTS Dosimetric and microdosimetric quantities were measured by the developed prototype with relatively low noise (∼2 keV/μm). A good agreement between the measured and simulated dose profiles was found, with discrepancies in the peak to plateau ratio of about 3% and 4% for proton and carbon ion beams respectively, showing a negligible LET dependence of the dosimetric element of the device. The microdosimetric spectra were validated with Monte Carlo simulations and a good agreement between the spectra shapes and positions was found. Dose mean lineal energy values were found to be in close agreement with those reported in the literature for clinical ion beams, showing a sharp increase along the Bragg curve, being also consistent with the calculated LETd for all depths within the experimental error of 10%. CONCLUSIONS The experimental indicate that the proposed device can allow enhanced dosimetry in particle therapy centers, where the absorbed dose measurement is implemented by the microdosimetric characterization of the radiation field, thus providing complementary results. In addition, the proposed device allows for the reduction of the experimental uncertainties associated with detector positioning and could facilitate the partial overcoming of some drawbacks related to the low sensitivity of diamond microdosimeters to low LET radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Verona
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Sez. INFN-Roma2, Roma, Italia, Italy
| | - Sandra Barna
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietmar Georg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Yasmin Hamad
- MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Giulio Magrin
- MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Marco Marinelli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Sez. INFN-Roma2, Roma, Italia, Italy
| | - Cynthia Meouchi
- Institute of Atomic and Subatomic Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gianluca Verona Rinati
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Sez. INFN-Roma2, Roma, Italia, Italy
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4
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Barna S, Meouchi C, Magrin G, Bianchi A, Conte V, Selva A, Stock M, Resch AF, Georg D, Palmans H. First microdosimetric measurements with a tissue-equivalent proportional counter at the MedAustron ion-beam therapy facility. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2023; 199:1973-1978. [PMID: 37819337 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncac252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to present the first microdosimetric spectra measured with a miniaturised tissue-equivalent proportional counter in the clinical environment of the MedAustron ion-beam therapy facility. These spectra were gathered with a 62.4-MeV proton beam and have been compared with microdosimetric spectra measured in the 62-MeV clinical proton beam of the CATANA beam line. Monte Carlo simulations were performed using the Geant4 toolkit GATE and a fully commissioned clinical beam line model. Finally, similarities and discrepancies of the measured data to simulations based on a simple and complex detector geometry are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Barna
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Cynthia Meouchi
- Radiation Physics, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria
| | - Giulio Magrin
- MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiener Neustadt 2700, Austria
| | - Anna Bianchi
- Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Legnaro 20133, Italy
| | - Valeria Conte
- Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Legnaro 20133, Italy
| | - Anna Selva
- Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Legnaro 20133, Italy
| | - Markus Stock
- MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiener Neustadt 2700, Austria
| | - Andreas Franz Resch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Dietmar Georg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiener Neustadt 2700, Austria
| | - Hugo Palmans
- MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiener Neustadt 2700, Austria
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington TW11 0LW, UK
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5
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DeCunha JM, Newpower M, Mohan R. GPU-accelerated calculation of proton microdosimetric spectra as a function of target size, proton energy, and bounding volume size. Phys Med Biol 2023; 68:165012. [PMID: 37429311 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ace60a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective.Shortcomings of dose-averaged linear energy transfer (LETD), the quantity which is most commonly used to quantify proton relative biological effectiveness, have long been recognized. Microdosimetric spectra may overcome the limitations of LETDbut are extremely computationally demanding to calculate. A systematic library of lineal energy spectra for monoenergetic protons could enable rapid determination of microdosimetric spectra in a clinical environment. The objective of this work was to calculate and validate such a library of lineal energy spectra.Approach. SuperTrack, a GPU-accelerated CUDA/C++ based application, was developed to superimpose tracks calculated using Geant4 onto targets of interest and to compute microdosimetric spectra. Lineal energy spectra of protons with energies from 0.1 to 100 MeV were determined in spherical targets of diameters from 1 nm to 10μm and in bounding voxels with side lengths of 5μm and 3 mm.Main results.Compared to an analogous Geant4-based application, SuperTrack is up to 3500 times more computationally efficient if each track is resampled 1000 times. Dose spectra of lineal energy and dose-mean lineal energy calculated with SuperTrack were consistent with values published in the literature and with comparison to a Geant4 simulation. Using SuperTrack, we developed the largest known library of proton microdosimetric spectra as a function of primary proton energy, target size, and bounding volume size.Significance. SuperTrack greatly increases the computational efficiency of the calculation of microdosimetric spectra. The elevated lineal energy observed in a 3 mm side length bounding volume suggests that lineal energy spectra determined experimentally or computed in small bounding volumes may not be representative of the lineal energy spectra in voxels of a dose calculation grid. The library of lineal energy spectra calculated in this work could be integrated with a treatment planning system for rapid determination of lineal energy spectra in patient geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M DeCunha
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
- Medical Physics Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Mark Newpower
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Radhe Mohan
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
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6
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Magrin G, Palmans H, Stock M, Georg D. State-of-the-art and potential of experimental microdosimetry in ion-beam therapy. Radiother Oncol 2023; 182:109586. [PMID: 36842667 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
In radiotherapy, radiation-quality should be an expression of the biological and physical characteristics of ionizing radiation such as spatial distribution of ionization or energy deposition. Linear energy transfer (LET) and lineal energy (y) are two descriptors used to quantify the radiation quality. These two quantities are connected and exhibit similar features. In ion-beam therapy (IBT), lineal energy can be measured with microdosimeters, which are specifically designed to cope with the high fluence of particles in clinical beams, while the quantification of LET is generally based on calculations. In pre-clinical studies, microdosimetric spectra are used for the indirect determination of relative biological effectiveness (RBE), e.g., using the microdosimetric kinetic model (MKM) or biophysical response functions. In this context it is important to consider saturation effects, which occur when the highest values of y become less biologically relevant compared to the relative contribution they make to the physical dose. Recent clinical data suggests that local tumor control and normal tissue effects can be linked to macroscopic and microscopic dosimetry parameters. In particular, positive clinical outcomes have been correlated to the highest LET values in the density distribution, and there is no evident link to the saturation discussed above. A systematic collection of microdosimetric information in combination with clinical data in retrospective studies may clarify the role of radiation quality at the highest LET. In the clinical setting, microdosimetry is not widely used yet, despite its potential to be linked with LET by experimentally-determined y values. Through this connection, both play an important role in complex therapy techniques such as intensity modulated particle therapy (IMPT), LET-painting and multi-ion optimization. This review summarizes the current state of microdosimetry for IBT and its potential, as well as research and development needed to make experimental microdosimetry a mature procedure in a clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Magrin
- MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Hugo Palmans
- MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiener Neustadt, Austria; National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
| | - Markus Stock
- MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiener Neustadt, Austria; Karl Landsteiner Universität, Krems, Austria
| | - Dietmar Georg
- MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiener Neustadt, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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7
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Oancea C, Granja C, Marek L, Jakubek J, Šolc J, Bodenstein E, Gantz S, Pawelke J, Pivec J. Out-of-field measurements and simulations of a proton pencil beam in a wide range of dose rates using a Timepix3 detector: Dose rate, flux and LET. Phys Med 2023; 106:102529. [PMID: 36657235 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2023.102529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Stray radiation produced by ultra-high dose-rates (UHDR) proton pencil beams is characterized using ASIC-chip semiconductor pixel detectors. A proton pencil beam with an energy of 220 MeV was utilized to deliver dose rates (DR) ranging from conventional radiotherapy DRs up to 270 Gy/s. A MiniPIX Timepix3 detector equipped with a silicon sensor and integrated readout electronics was used. The chip-sensor assembly and chipboard on water-equivalent backing were detached and immersed in the water-phantom. The deposited energy, particle flux, DR, and the linear energy transfer (LET(Si)) spectra were measured in the silicon sensor at different positions both laterally, at different depths, and behind the Bragg peak. At low-intensity beams, the detector is operated in the event-by-event data-driven mode for high-resolution spectral tracking of individual particles. This technique provides precise energy loss response and LET(Si) spectra with radiation field composition resolving power. At higher beam intensities a rescaling of LET(Si) can be performed as the distribution of the LET(Si) spectra exhibits the same characteristics regardless of the delivered DR. The integrated deposited energy and the absorbed dose can be thus measured in a wide range. A linear response of measured absorbed dose was obtained by gradually increasing the delivered DR to reach UHDR beams. Particle tracking of scattered radiation in data-driven mode could be performed at DRs up to 0.27 Gy/s. In integrated mode, the saturation limits were not reached at the measured out-of-field locations up to the delivered DR of over 270 Gy/s. A good agreement was found between measured and simulated absorbed doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Oancea
- ADVACAM, U Pergamenky 12, 170 00 Prague 7, Czech Republic; University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Carlos Granja
- ADVACAM, U Pergamenky 12, 170 00 Prague 7, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Marek
- ADVACAM, U Pergamenky 12, 170 00 Prague 7, Czech Republic; Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Jakubek
- ADVACAM, U Pergamenky 12, 170 00 Prague 7, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Šolc
- Czech Metrology Institute, Okruzni 31, 638 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Elisabeth Bodenstein
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sebastian Gantz
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg Pawelke
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jiri Pivec
- ADVACAM, U Pergamenky 12, 170 00 Prague 7, Czech Republic
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8
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Bianchi A, Selva A, Reniers B, Vanhavere F, Conte V. TOPAS simulations of the response of a mini-TEPC: benchmark with experimental data. Phys Med Biol 2023; 68. [PMID: 36595254 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/acabfe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Microdosimetry offers a fast tool for radiation quality (RQ) verification to be implemented in treatment planning systems in proton therapy based on variable LET or RBE to move forward from the use of a fixed RBE of 1.1. It is known that the RBE of protons can increase up to 50% higher than that value in the last few millimetres of their range. Microdosimetry can be performed both experimentally and by means of Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. This paper has the aim of comparing the two approaches.Approach. Experimental measurements have been performed using a miniaturized Tissue equivalent proportional counter developed at the Legnaro National Laboratories of the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics with the aim of being used as RQ monitors for high intensity beams. MC simulations have been performed using the microdosimetric extension of TOPAS which provides optimized parameters and scorers for this application.Main results. Simulations were compared with experimental microdosimetric spectra in terms of shape of the spectra and their average values. Moreover, the latter have been investigated as possible estimators of LET obtained with the same MC code. The shape of the spectra is in general consistent with the experimental distributions and the average values of the distributions in both cases can predict the RQ increase with depth.Significance. This study aims at the comparison of microdosimetric spectra obtained from both experimental measurements and the microdosimetric extension of TOPAS in the same radiation field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bianchi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, viale dell'Università 2, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Anna Selva
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, viale dell'Università 2, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Brigitte Reniers
- UHasselt, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Nuclear Technology Center, Agoralaan 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Filip Vanhavere
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Valeria Conte
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, viale dell'Università 2, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy
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9
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Bianchi A, Selva A, Rossignoli M, Pasquato F, Missiaggia M, Scifoni E, La Tessa C, Tommasino F, Conte V. Microdosimetry with a mini-TEPC in the spread-out Bragg peak of 148 MeV protons. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Chattaraj A, Selvam TP. Comparison of 126 MeV antiproton and proton—a FLUKA-based microdosimetric approach. Phys Med Biol 2022; 67. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac88b4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective. This study aims at comparing dosimetric parameters of 126 MeV antiprotons and protons using microdosimetric approach. Approach. Microdosimetric distributions of 126 MeV proton and antiproton beams at 1 μm site size are calculated using the Monte Carlo-based FLUKA code. The distributions are calculated at various depths along the central axis in water phantom as well as at different off-axis locations. The study also includes calculations of secondary radiations produced by antiprotons and protons. Mean quality factor,
Q
¯
is calculated using the ICRP 60 and ICRU 40 recommendations. The Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) of HSG tumour cell at 10% survival level is calculated based on Microdosimetric Kinetic Model. Main results.
Q
¯
I
C
R
P
,
Q
¯
ICRU
and RBE for antiprotons are higher by a factor of about 3.60, 3.41 and 1.24, respectively, at Bragg-peak and higher by a factor of about 1.41, 1.76 and 1.05, respectively, at plateau region of depth-dose profile when compared to protons. At 15 cm depth along the central axis,
Q
¯
ICRP
,
Q
¯
ICRU
and RBE for protons are higher by a factor of about 1.42, 1.66 and 1.26, respectively, when compared to antiprotons. At the off-axis distance (Ld
) of 6 cm (at 11.5 cm depth in water),
Q
¯
ICRP
and
Q
¯
ICRU
of protons are higher than that of antiproton whereas the trend is opposite at off-axis distance of 4 cm. At Ld
= 4 cm (at 11.5 cm depth in water), RBE of antiprotons is higher by about 4% than protons whereas at Ld
= 6 cm, RBE of protons is higher by about 13% than antiprotons. Significance. The study shows that antiproton radiotherapy is advantageous as compared to protons considering enhancements in the absorbed dose and RBE-weighed dose values at the Bragg-peak.
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Agosteo S. Detectors for measurement of microdosimetric quantities. RADIAT MEAS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2022.106807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Christensen JB, Togno M, Bossin L, Pakari OV, Safai S, Yukihara EG. Improved simultaneous LET and dose measurements in proton therapy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8262. [PMID: 35585205 PMCID: PMC9117334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10575-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to improve the precision of linear energy transfer (LET) measurements using \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\text {Al}_2\text {O}_3\text {:C}$$\end{document}Al2O3:C optically stimulated luminescence detectors (OSLDs) in proton beams, and, with that, improve OSL dosimetry by correcting the readout for the LET-dependent ionization quenching. The OSLDs were irradiated in spot-scanning proton beams at different doses for fluence-averaged LET values in the (0.4–6.5) \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\hbox {keV}\, \upmu \hbox {m}^{-1}$$\end{document}keVμm-1 range (in water). A commercial automated OSL reader with a built-in beta source was used for the readouts, which enabled a reference irradiation and readout of each OSLD to establish individual corrections. Pulsed OSL was used to separately measure the blue (F-center) and UV (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$F^+$$\end{document}F+-center) emission bands of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\text {Al}_2\text {O}_3\text {:C}$$\end{document}Al2O3:C and the ratio between them (UV/blue signal) was used for the LET measurements. The average deviation between the simulated and measured LET values along the central beam axis amounts to 5.5% if both the dose and LET are varied, but the average deviation is reduced to 3.5% if the OSLDs are irradiated with the same doses. With the measurement procedure and automated equipment used here, the variation in the signals used for LET estimates and quenching-corrections is reduced from 0.9 to 0.6%. The quenching-corrected OSLD doses are in agreement with ionization chamber measurements within the uncertainties. The automated OSLD corrections are demonstrated to improve the LET estimates and the ionization quenching-corrections in proton dosimetry for a clinically relevant energy range up to 230 MeV. It is also for the first time demonstrated how the LET can be estimated for different doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe Brage Christensen
- Department of Radiation Safety and Security, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
| | - Michele Togno
- Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Lily Bossin
- Department of Radiation Safety and Security, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Oskari Ville Pakari
- Department of Radiation Safety and Security, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Sairos Safai
- Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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Jahanfar S, Tavakoli-Anbaran H. Resolving the Nonconductivity of Alternative Materials by Using Thin Metal Layers in Neutron Microdosimeter. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-022-06724-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Silicon 3D Microdosimeters for Advanced Quality Assurance in Particle Therapy. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app12010328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Centre for Medical Radiation Physics introduced the concept of Silicon On Insulator (SOI) microdosimeters with 3-Dimensional (3D) cylindrical sensitive volumes (SVs) mimicking the dimensions of cells in an array. Several designs of high-definition 3D SVs fabricated using 3D MEMS technology were implemented. 3D SVs were fabricated in different sizes and configurations with diameters between 18 and 30 µm, thicknesses of 2–50 µm and at a pitch of 50 µm in matrices with volumes of 20 × 20 and 50 × 50. SVs were segmented into sub-arrays to reduce capacitance and avoid pile up in high-dose rate pencil beam scanning applications. Detailed TCAD simulations and charge collection studies in individual SVs have been performed. The microdosimetry probe (MicroPlus) is composed of the silicon microdosimeter and low-noise front–end readout electronics housed in a PMMA waterproof sheath that allows measurements of lineal energies as low as 0.4 keV/µm in water or PMMA. Microdosimetric quantities measured with SOI microdosimeters and the MicroPlus probe were used to evaluate the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of heavy ions and protons delivered by pencil-beam scanning and passive scattering systems in different particle therapy centres. The 3D detectors and MicroPlus probe developed for microdosimetry have the potential to provide confidence in the delivery of RBE optimized particle therapy when introduced into routine clinical practice.
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Parisi A, Olko P, Swakon J, Horwacik T, Jablonski H, Malinowski L, Nowak T, Struelens L, Vanhavere F. Microdosimetric characterization of a clinical proton therapy beam: comparison between simulated lineal energy distributions in spherical water targets and experimental measurements with a silicon detector. Phys Med Biol 2021; 67. [PMID: 34933289 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac4563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective Treatment planning based on computer simulations were proposed to account for the increase in the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of proton radiotherapy beams near to the edges of the irradiated volume. Since silicon detectors could be used to validate the results of these simulations, it is important to explore the limitations of this comparison. Approach Microdosimetric measurements with a MicroPlus Bridge V2 silicon detector (thickness = 10 µm) were performed along the Bragg peak of a clinical proton beam. The lineal energy distributions, the dose mean values, and the RBE calculated with a biological weighting function were compared with simulations with PHITS (microdosimetric target = 1 µm water sphere), and published clonogenic survival in vitro RBE data for the V79 cell line. The effect of the silicon-to-water conversion was also investigated by comparing three different methodologies (conversion based on a single value, novel bin-to-bin conversions based on SRIM and PSTAR). Main results Mainly due to differences in the microdosimetric targets, the experimental dose-mean lineal energy and RBE values at the distal edge were respectively up to 53% and 28% lower than the simulated ones. Furthermore, the methodology chosen for the silicon-to-water conversion was proven to affect the dose mean lineal energy and the RBE10 up to 32% and 11% respectively. The best methodology to compensate for this underestimation was the bin-to-bin silicon-to-water conversion based on PSTAR. Significance This work represents the first comparison between PHITS-simulated lineal energy distributions in water targets and corresponding experimental spectra measured with silicon detectors. Furthermore, the effect of the silicon-to-water conversion on the RBE was explored for the first time. The proposed methodology based on the PSTAR bin-to-bin conversion appears to provide superior results with respect to commonly used single scaling factors and is recommended for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pawel Olko
- IFJ PAN, Walerego Eljasza Radzikowskiego 152, Krakow, 31-342, POLAND
| | - Jan Swakon
- IFJ PAN, Walerego Eljasza Radzikowskiego 152, Krakow, 31-342, POLAND
| | - Tomasz Horwacik
- IF PAN, Walerego Eljasza Radzikowskiego 152, Krakow, Kraków, 31-342, POLAND
| | - Hubert Jablonski
- IFJ PAN, Walerego Eljasza Radzikowskiego 152, Krakow, 31-342, POLAND
| | - Leszek Malinowski
- IFJ PAN, Walerego Eljasza Radzikowskiego 152, Krakow, 31-342, POLAND
| | - Tomasz Nowak
- IFJ PAN, Walerego Eljasza Radzikowskiego 152, Krakow, 31-342, POLAND
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Vohradsky J, Tran LT, Guatelli S, Chartier L, Vandevoorde C, de Kock EA, Nieto-Camero J, Bolst D, Peracchi S, Höglund C, Rosenfeld AB. Response of SOI microdosimeter in fast neutron beams: experiment and Monte Carlo simulations. Phys Med 2021; 90:176-187. [PMID: 34688192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, Monte Carlo codes, Geant4 and MCNP6, were used to characterize the fast neutron therapeutic beam produced at iThemba LABS in South Africa. Experimental and simulation results were compared using the latest generation of Silicon on Insulator (SOI) microdosimeters from the Centre for Medical Radiation Physics (CMRP). Geant4 and MCNP6 were able to successfully model the neutron gantry and simulate the expected neutron energy spectrum produced from the reaction by protons bombarding a 9Be target. The neutron beam was simulated in a water phantom and its characteristics recorded by the silicon microdosimeters; bare and covered by a 10B enriched boron carbide converter, at different positions. The microdosimetric quantities calculated using Geant4 and MCNP6 are in agreement with experimental measurements. The thermal neutron sensitivity and production of 10B capture products in the p+ boron-implanted dopant regions of the Bridge microdosimeter is investigated. The obtained results are useful for the future development of dedicated SOI microdosimeters for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). This paper provides a benchmark comparison of Geant4 and MCNP6 capabilities in the context of further applications of these codes for neutron microdosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Vohradsky
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Linh T Tran
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Susanna Guatelli
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Lachlan Chartier
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | | | | | - Jaime Nieto-Camero
- iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - David Bolst
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Stefania Peracchi
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Carina Höglund
- European Spallation Source (ESS), Lund, Sweden; Department of Physics, Thin Film Physics Division, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Anatoly B Rosenfeld
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
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17
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Bianchi A, Selva A, Colautti P, Parisi A, Vanhavere F, Reniers B, Conte V. The effect of different lower detection thresholds in microdosimetric spectra and their mean values. RADIAT MEAS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2021.106626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Bláha P, Feoli C, Agosteo S, Calvaruso M, Cammarata FP, Catalano R, Ciocca M, Cirrone GAP, Conte V, Cuttone G, Facoetti A, Forte GI, Giuffrida L, Magro G, Margarone D, Minafra L, Petringa G, Pucci G, Ricciardi V, Rosa E, Russo G, Manti L. The Proton-Boron Reaction Increases the Radiobiological Effectiveness of Clinical Low- and High-Energy Proton Beams: Novel Experimental Evidence and Perspectives. Front Oncol 2021; 11:682647. [PMID: 34262867 PMCID: PMC8274279 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.682647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protontherapy is a rapidly expanding radiotherapy modality where accelerated proton beams are used to precisely deliver the dose to the tumor target but is generally considered ineffective against radioresistant tumors. Proton-Boron Capture Therapy (PBCT) is a novel approach aimed at enhancing proton biological effectiveness. PBCT exploits a nuclear fusion reaction between low-energy protons and 11B atoms, i.e. p+11B→ 3α (p-B), which is supposed to produce highly-DNA damaging α-particles exclusively across the tumor-conformed Spread-Out Bragg Peak (SOBP), without harming healthy tissues in the beam entrance channel. To confirm previous work on PBCT, here we report new in-vitro data obtained at the 62-MeV ocular melanoma-dedicated proton beamline of the INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), Catania, Italy. For the first time, we also tested PBCT at the 250-MeV proton beamline used for deep-seated cancers at the Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO), Pavia, Italy. We used Sodium Mercaptododecaborate (BSH) as 11B carrier, DU145 prostate cancer cells to assess cell killing and non-cancer epithelial breast MCF-10A cells for quantifying chromosome aberrations (CAs) by FISH painting and DNA repair pathway protein expression by western blotting. Cells were exposed at various depths along the two clinical SOBPs. Compared to exposure in the absence of boron, proton irradiation in the presence of BSH significantly reduced DU145 clonogenic survival and increased both frequency and complexity of CAs in MCF-10A cells at the mid- and distal SOBP positions, but not at the beam entrance. BSH-mediated enhancement of DNA damage response was also found at mid-SOBP. These results corroborate PBCT as a strategy to render protontherapy amenable towards radiotherapy-resilient tumor. If coupled with emerging proton FLASH radiotherapy modalities, PBCT could thus widen the protontherapy therapeutic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Bláha
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Feoli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Agosteo
- Energy Department, Politecnico di Milano, and INFN, Sezione di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Calvaruso
- Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy.,Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), INFN, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Cammarata
- Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy.,Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), INFN, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Mario Ciocca
- Medical Physics Unit & Research Department, Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO) & INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Conte
- Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL), INFN, Legnaro, Italy
| | | | - Angelica Facoetti
- Medical Physics Unit & Research Department, Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO) & INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giusi Irma Forte
- Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy.,Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), INFN, Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Giuffrida
- Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI)-Beamlines Center, Institute of Physics (FZU), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Giuseppe Magro
- Medical Physics Unit & Research Department, Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO) & INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Margarone
- Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI)-Beamlines Center, Institute of Physics (FZU), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Luigi Minafra
- Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy.,Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), INFN, Catania, Italy
| | - Giada Petringa
- Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), INFN, Catania, Italy.,Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI)-Beamlines Center, Institute of Physics (FZU), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Gaia Pucci
- Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy.,Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STeBiCeF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valerio Ricciardi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Naples, Italy.,Department of Mathematics & Physics, Università L. Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Enrico Rosa
- Radiation Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Physics "E. Pancini", Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgio Russo
- Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy.,Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), INFN, Catania, Italy.,The Sicilian Center of Nuclear Physics and the Structure of Matter (CSFNSM), Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Manti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Naples, Italy.,Radiation Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Physics "E. Pancini", Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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James B, Tran LT, Bolst D, Prokopovich DA, Lerch M, Petasecca M, Guatelli S, Povoli M, Kok A, Petringa G, Cirrone GAP, Jackson M, Rosenfeld AB. In-field and out-of-field microdosimetric characterisation of a 62 MeV proton beam at CATANA. Med Phys 2021; 48:4532-4541. [PMID: 33908049 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A 5 and 10 μm thin silicon on insulator (SOI) 3D mushroom microdosimeter was used to characterize both the in-field and out-of-field of a 62 MeV proton beam. METHODS The SOI mushroom microdosimeter consisted of an array of cylindrical sensitive volumes (SVs), developed by the Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, was irradiated with 62 MeV protons at the CATANA (Centro di AdroTerapia Applicazioni Nucleari Avanzate) facility in Catania, Italy, a facility dedicated to the radiation treatment of ocular melanomas. Dose mean lineal energy, ( y D ¯ ), values were obtained at various depths in PMMA along a pristine and spread out Bragg peak (SOBP). The measured microdosimetric spectra at each position were then used as inputs into the modified Microdosimetric Kinetic Model (MKM) to derive the RBE for absorbed dose in a middle of the SOBP 2Gy (RBED ). Microdosimetric spectra were obtained with both the 5 and 10 μm 3D SOI microdosimeters, with a focus on the distal part of the BP. The in-field and out-of-field measurement configurations along the Bragg curve were modeled in Geant4 for comparison with experimental results. Lateral out-of-field measurements were performed to study secondary particles' contribution to normal tissue's dose, up to 12 mm from the edge of the beam field, and quality factor and dose equivalent results were obtained. RESULTS Comparison between experimental and simulation results showed good agreement between one another for both the pristine and SOBP beams in terms of y D ¯ and RBED. Though a small discrepancy between experiment and simulation was seen at the entrance of the Bragg curve, where experimental results were slightly lower than Geant4. The dose equivalent value measured 12 mm from the edge of the target volume was 1.27 ± 0.15 mSv/Gy with a Q ¯ value of 2.52 ± 0.30, both of which agree within uncertainty with Geant4 simulation. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that SOI microdosimeters are an effective tool to predict RBED in-field as well as dose equivalent monitoring out-of-field to provide insight to probability of second cancer generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin James
- Centre of Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Linh T Tran
- Centre of Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - David Bolst
- Centre of Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Dale A Prokopovich
- NSTLI Nuclear Stewardship, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Lerch
- Centre of Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Marco Petasecca
- Centre of Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Susanna Guatelli
- Centre of Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael Jackson
- Centre of Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anatoly B Rosenfeld
- Centre of Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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20
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Loto O, Zahradnik I, Leite AM, De Marzi L, Tromson D, Pomorski M. Simultaneous Measurements of Dose and Microdosimetric Spectra in a Clinical Proton Beam Using a scCVD Diamond Membrane Microdosimeter. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:1314. [PMID: 33673115 PMCID: PMC7918314 DOI: 10.3390/s21041314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A single crystal chemical vapor deposition (scCVD) diamond membrane-based microdosimetric system was used to perform simultaneous measurements of dose profile and microdosimetric spectra with the Y1 proton passive scattering beamline of the Center of Proton Therapy, Institute Curie in Orsay, France. To qualify the performance of the set-up in clinical conditions of hadrontherapy, the dose, dose rate and energy loss pulse-height spectra in a diamond microdosimeter were recorded at multiple points along depth of a water-equivalent plastic phantom. The dose-mean lineal energy (y¯D) values were computed from experimental data and compared to silicon on insulator (SOI) microdosimeter literature results. In addition, the measured dose profile, pulse height spectra and y¯D values were benchmarked with a numerical simulation using TOPAS and Geant4 toolkits. These first clinical tests of a novel system confirm that diamond is a promising candidate for a tissue equivalent, radiation hard, high spatial resolution microdosimeter in beam quality assurance of proton therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwasayo Loto
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, List, F-91120 Palaiseau, France; (I.Z.); (D.T.)
| | - Izabella Zahradnik
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, List, F-91120 Palaiseau, France; (I.Z.); (D.T.)
| | - Amelia Maia Leite
- Institut Curie, Radiation Oncology Department, PSL Research University, Proton Therapy Centre, Centre Universitaire, 91898 Orsay, France; (A.M.L.); (L.D.M.)
| | - Ludovic De Marzi
- Institut Curie, Radiation Oncology Department, PSL Research University, Proton Therapy Centre, Centre Universitaire, 91898 Orsay, France; (A.M.L.); (L.D.M.)
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, University Paris Saclay, LITO, Inserm, 91898 Orsay, France
| | - Dominique Tromson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, List, F-91120 Palaiseau, France; (I.Z.); (D.T.)
| | - Michal Pomorski
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, List, F-91120 Palaiseau, France; (I.Z.); (D.T.)
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21
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Yasui K, Omachi C, Nagata J, Toshito T, Shimizu H, Aoyama T, Hayashi N. Dosimetric response of a glass dosimeter in proton beams: LET-dependence and correction factor. Phys Med 2021; 81:147-154. [PMID: 33461027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A radiophotoluminescent glass dosimeter (RGD) is widely used in postal audit system for photon beams in Japan. However, proton dosimetry in RGDs is scarcely used owing to a lack of clarity in their response to beam quality. In this study, we investigated RGD response to beam quality for establishing a suitable linear energy transfer (LET)-corrected dosimetry protocol in a therapeutic proton beam. The RGD response was compared with ionization chamber measurement for a 100-225 MeV passive proton beam. LET of the measurement points was calculated by the Monte Carlo method. An LET-correction factor, defined as a ratio between the non-corrected RGD dose and ionization chamber dose, of 1.226×(LET)-0.171 was derived for the RGD response. The magnitude of the LET-dependence of RGD increased with LET; for an LET of 8.2 keV/μm, the RGD under-response was up to 16%. The coefficient of determination, mean difference ± SD of non-corrected RGD dose, residual range-corrected RGD dose, and LET-corrected RGD dose to the ionization chamber are 0.923, 3.7 ± 4.2%, -2.4 ± 7.5%, and 0.04 ± 2.1%, respectively. The LET-corrected RGD dose was within 5% of the corresponding ionization chamber dose at all energies until 200 MeV, where it was 5.3% lower than the ionization chamber dose. A corrected LET-dependence of RGD using a correction factor based on a power function of LET and precise dosimetric verification close to the maximum LET were realized here. We further confirmed establishment of an accurate postal audit under various irradiation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Yasui
- Fujita Health University, Faculty of Radiological Technology, School of Health Sciences, Japan.
| | - Chihiro Omachi
- Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Japan
| | - Junya Nagata
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Toshito
- Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Shimizu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Takahiro Aoyama
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayashi
- Fujita Health University, Faculty of Radiological Technology, School of Health Sciences, Japan
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22
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Conte V, Agosteo S, Bianchi A, Bolst D, Bortot D, Catalano R, Cirrone GAP, Colautti P, Cuttone G, Guatelli S, James B, Mazzucconi D, Rosenfeld AB, Selva A, Tran L, Petringa G. Microdosimetry of a therapeutic proton beam with a mini-TEPC and a MicroPlus-Bridge detector for RBE assessment. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:245018. [PMID: 33086208 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/abc368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Proton beams are widely used worldwide to treat localized tumours, the lower entrance dose and no exit dose, thus sparing surrounding normal tissues, being the main advantage of this treatment modality compared to conventional photon techniques. Clinical proton beam therapy treatment planning is based on the use of a general relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of 1.1 along the whole beam penetration depth, without taking into account the documented increase in RBE at the end of the depth dose profile, in the Bragg peak and beyond. However, an inaccurate estimation of the RBE can cause both underdose or overdose, in particular it can cause the unfavourable situation of underdosing the tumour and overdosing the normal tissue just beyond the tumour, which limits the treatment success and increases the risk of complications. In view of a more precise dose delivery that takes into account the variation of RBE, experimental microdosimetry offers valuable tools for the quality assurance of LET or RBE-based treatment planning systems. The purpose of this work is to compare the response of two different microdosimetry systems: the mini-TEPC and the MicroPlus-Bridge detector. Microdosimetric spectra were measured across the 62 MeV spread out Bragg peak of CATANA with the mini-TEPC and with the Bridge microdosimeter. The frequency and dose distributions of lineal energy were compared and the different contributions to the spectra were analysed, discussing the effects of different site sizes and chord length distributions. The shape of the lineal energy distributions measured with the two detectors are markedly different, due to the different water-equivalent sizes of the sensitive volumes: 0.85 μm for the TEPC and 17.3 μm for the silicon detector. When the Loncol's biological weighting function is applied to calculate the microdosimetric assessment of the RBE, both detectors lead to results that are consistent with biological survival data for glioma U87 cells. Both the mini-TEPC and the MicroPlus-Bridge detector can be used to assess the RBE variation of a 62 MeV modulated proton beam along its penetration depth. The microdosimetric assessment of the RBE based on the Loncol's weighting function is in good agreement with radiobiological results when the 10% biological uncertainty is taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Conte
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, viale dell'Università 2 35020 Legnaro, Italy
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Missiaggia M, Cartechini G, Scifoni E, Rovituso M, Tommasino F, Verroi E, Durante M, La Tessa C. Microdosimetric measurements as a tool to assess potential in-field and out-of-field toxicity regions in proton therapy. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:245024. [PMID: 32554886 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab9e56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Relative biological effectiveness (RBE) variations are thought to be one of the primary causes of unexpected normal-tissue toxicities during tumor treatments with charged particles. Unlike carbon therapy, where treatment planning is optimized on the basis of the RBE-weighted dose, a constant RBE value of 1.1 is currently used in proton therapy. Assuming a uniform value can lead to under- or over-dosage, not just to the tumor but also to surrounding normal tissue. RBE changes have been linked with dose/fraction, the biological endpoint and beam properties. Understanding radiation quality and the associated RBE can improve the prediction of normal-tissue toxicities. In this study, we exploited microdosimetry for characterizing radiation quality in proton therapy in-field, and off-beam at 20 (beam edge), 50 (close out-of-field) and 100 (far out-of-field) mm from the beam center. We measured the lineal energy y spectra in a water phantom irradiated with 152 MeV protons, from which beam quality as well as the physical dose could be obtained. Taking advantage of the linear quadratic model and a modified version of the microdosimetric kinetic model, the microdosimetric data were combined with radiobiological parameters (α and β) of human salivary gland tumor cells for assessing cell survival RBE and RBE-weighted dose. The results indicate that if a dose of 60 Gy is delivered to the peak, the beam edge receives up to 6 Gy while the close and far out-of-field regions receive doses on the order of 10-3 Gy and 10-4 Gy, respectively. The RBE estimate in-beam shows large variations, ranging from 1.0 ± 0.2 at the entrance channel to 2.51 ± 0.15 at the tail. The beam edge follows a similar trend but the RBE calculated at the Bragg peak depth is 2.27 ± 0.17, i.e. twice the RBE in-beam (1.05 ± 0.15). Out-of-field, the estimated RBE is always significantly higher than 1.1 and increases with increasing lateral distance, reaching the overall highest value of 3.4 ± 0.3 at a depth of 206 mm and a lateral distance of 10 mm. The combination of RBE and dose into the biological dose points to the beam edge and the end-of-range in-beam as the areas with the highest risk of potential toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Missiaggia
- University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Trento, Italy. Trento Institute of Fundamental Physics and Applications (TIFPA), Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Trento, Italy
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Parisi A, Sato T, Matsuya Y, Kase Y, Magrin G, Verona C, Tran L, Rosenfeld A, Bianchi A, Olko P, Struelens L, Vanhavere F. Development of a new microdosimetric biological weighting function for the RBE 10 assessment in case of the V79 cell line exposed to ions from 1H to 238U. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:235010. [PMID: 33274727 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/abbf96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An improved biological weighting function (IBWF) is proposed to phenomenologically relate microdosimetric lineal energy probability density distributions with the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for the in vitro clonogenic cell survival (surviving fraction = 10%) of the most commonly used mammalian cell line, i.e. the Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79). The IBWF, intended as a simple and robust tool for a fast RBE assessment to compare different exposure conditions in particle therapy beams, was determined through an iterative global-fitting process aimed to minimize the average relative deviation between RBE calculations and literature in vitro data in case of exposure to various types of ions from 1H to 238U. By using a single particle- and energy- independent function, it was possible to establish an univocal correlation between lineal energy and clonogenic cell survival for particles spanning over an unrestricted linear energy transfer range of almost five orders of magnitude (0.2 keV µm-1 to 15 000 keV µm-1 in liquid water). The average deviation between IBWF-derived RBE values and the published in vitro data was ∼14%. The IBWF results were also compared with corresponding calculations (in vitro RBE10 for the V79 cell line) performed using the modified microdosimetric kinetic model (modified MKM). Furthermore, RBE values computed with the reference biological weighting function (BWF) for the in vivo early intestine tolerance in mice were included for comparison and to further explore potential correlations between the BWF results and the in vitro RBE as reported in previous studies. The results suggest that the modified MKM possess limitations in reproducing the experimental in vitro RBE10 for the V79 cell line in case of ions heavier than 20Ne. Furthermore, due to the different modelled endpoint, marked deviations were found between the RBE values assessed using the reference BWF and the IBWF for ions heavier than 2H. Finally, the IBWF was unchangingly applied to calculate RBE values by processing lineal energy density distributions experimentally measured with eight different microdosimeters in 19 1H and 12C beams at ten different facilities (eight clinical and two research ones). Despite the differences between the detectors, irradiation facilities, beam profiles (pristine or spread out Bragg peak), maximum beam energy, beam delivery (passive or active scanning), energy degradation system (water, PMMA, polyamide or low-density polyethylene), the obtained IBWF-based RBE trends were found to be in good agreement with the corresponding ones in case of computer-simulated microdosimetric spectra (average relative deviation equal to 0.8% and 5.7% for 1H and 12C ions respectively).
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Petringa G, Pandola L, Agosteo S, Catalano R, Colautti P, Conte V, Cuttone G, Fan K, Mei Z, Rosenfeld A, Selva A, Cirrone GAP. Monte Carlo implementation of new algorithms for the evaluation of averaged-dose and -track linear energy transfers in 62 MeV clinical proton beams. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 65:235043. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/abaeb9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Microdosimetry with a 3D silicon on insulator (SOI) detector in a low energy proton beamline. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.109078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bertolet A, Grilj V, Guardiola C, Harken AD, Cortés-Giraldo MA, Baratto-Roldán A, Carabe A. Experimental validation of an analytical microdosimetric model based on Geant4-DNA simulations by using a silicon-based microdosimeter. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020; 176:109060. [PMID: 33100611 PMCID: PMC7583143 DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.109060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the agreement between proton microdosimetric distributions measured with a silicon-based cylindrical microdosimeter and a previously published analytical microdosimetric model based on Geant4-DNA in-water Monte Carlo simulations for low energy proton beams. METHODS AND MATERIAL Distributions for lineal energy (y) are measured for four proton monoenergetic beams with nominal energies from 2.0 MeV to 4.5 MeV, with a tissue equivalent proportional counter (TEPC) and a silicon-based microdosimeter. The actual energy for protons traversing the silicon-based microdosimeter is simulated with SRIM. Monoenergetic beams with these energies are simulated with Geant4-DNA code by simulating a water cylinder site of dimensions equal to those of the microdosimeter. The microdosimeter response is calibrated by using the distribution peaks obtained from the TEPC. Analytical calculations fory ¯ F andy ¯ D using our methodology based on spherical sites are also performed choosing the equivalent sphere to be checked against experimental results. RESULTS Distributions for y at silicon are converted into tissue equivalent and compared to the Geant4-DNA simulated, yielding maximum deviations of 1.03% fory ¯ F and 1.17% fory ¯ D . Our analytical method generates maximum deviations of 1.29% and 3.33%, respectively, with respect to experimental results. CONCLUSION Simulations in Geant4-DNA with ideal cylindrical sites in liquid water produce similar results to the measurements in an actual silicon-based cylindrical microdosimeter properly calibrated. The found agreement suggests the possibility to experimentally verify the calculated clinicaly ¯ D with our analytical method.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bertolet
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - V Grilj
- Radiological Research Accelerator Facility, Columbia University, Irvington, NY, USA
| | - C Guardiola
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France; Université de Paris, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay France
| | - A D Harken
- Radiological Research Accelerator Facility, Columbia University, Irvington, NY, USA
| | - M A Cortés-Giraldo
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - A Baratto-Roldán
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - A Carabe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Verona C, Cirrone GAP, Magrin G, Marinelli M, Palomba S, Petringa G, Rinati GV. Microdosimetric measurements of a monoenergetic and modulated Bragg Peaks of 62 MeV therapeutic proton beam with a synthetic single crystal diamond microdosimeter. Med Phys 2020; 47:5791-5801. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.14466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C. Verona
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universita di Roma “Tor Vergata” via del Politecnico 1 Roma00133 Italy
| | - G. A. P. Cirrone
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud via Santa Sofia 62 Catania Italy
| | - G. Magrin
- MedAustron Ion Therapy Center Marie Curie‐Strasse 5 Wiener NeustadtA‐2700 Austria
| | - M. Marinelli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universita di Roma “Tor Vergata” via del Politecnico 1 Roma00133 Italy
| | - S. Palomba
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universita di Roma “Tor Vergata” via del Politecnico 1 Roma00133 Italy
| | - G. Petringa
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud via Santa Sofia 62 Catania Italy
| | - G. Verona Rinati
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universita di Roma “Tor Vergata” via del Politecnico 1 Roma00133 Italy
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Colautti P, Bianchi A, Selva A, Bortot D, Mazzucconi D, Pola A, Agosteo S, Petringa G, Cirrone G, Conte V. Therapeutic proton beams: LET, RBE and microdosimetric spectra with gas and silicon detectors. RADIAT MEAS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2020.106386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bianchi A, Selva A, Colautti P, Bortot D, Mazzucconi D, Pola A, Agosteo S, Petringa G, Cirrone G, Reniers B, Parisi A, Struelens L, Vanhavere F, Conte V. Microdosimetry with a sealed mini-TEPC and a silicon telescope at a clinical proton SOBP of CATANA. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Isobe T, Mori Y, Takei H, Sato E, Sakae T. [14. Biological Dose and Effects of Neutrons in Proton Beam Therapy]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2020; 76:863-869. [PMID: 32814743 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2020_jsrt_76.8.863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eisuke Sato
- Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University
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