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Abdel-Haleem LM, Ramadan NK, El-Rahman MKA, Galal MM. A Screen-Printed Potentiometric Sensor for Stability Indicating Assay and Real-Time Monitoring of Trospium Chloride Dissolution Profile in its Pharmaceutical Dosage Form. JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 170:087506. [DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/ace8c3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
According to FDA guidance, a biowaiver concept declares that dissolution testing could be approved as a replacement strategy for bioequivalence studies and/or in vivo bioavailability. From the analytical chemistry standpoint, the shift from the classically developed offline methods to the highly integrated miniaturized inline analyzers is one of the pioneering ways that would modernize future of in-vitro - in-vivo correlation (IVIVC). The emergence of screen-printed electrodes (SPE) is now making the move from successive sampling steps and off-line measurements to real-time and in-line monitoring. Recently, “SPE” potentiometric sensor was presented as real-time analyzer that can offer similar analytical results as separation-based chromatographic techniques. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to design a real-time SPE for in situ monitoring of the dissolution of trospium chloride (TRO) in neutral media. Validation of the proposed sensor was performed according to the IUPAC commendations. The measurements performed with this sensor showed an accuracy of average recovery 100.50% and standard deviation of less than 1.0%, also the repeatability and intermediate electrode variabilities were less than 1.0 and 1.3%, respectively. The developed sensor was successfully used for direct observation of the dissolution profile without any need for an extraction step or sample preparation.
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2
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Recent Advances in Dissolution Testing and Their Use to Improve In Vitro–In Vivo Correlations in Oral Drug Formulations. J Pharm Innov 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-021-09565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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3
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Preparation of Hot-Melt Extruded Dosage Form for Enhancing Drugs Absorption Based on Computational Simulation. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12080757. [PMID: 32796665 PMCID: PMC7463902 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to control the dissolution rate and permeability of cilostazol. To enhance the dissolution rate of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), hot-melt extrusion (HME) technology was applied to prepare a solid dispersion (SD). To control permeability in the gastrointestinal tract regardless of food intake, the HME process was optimized based on physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) simulation. The extrudates were produced using a laboratory-scale twin-screw hot-melt extruder with co-rotatory screws and a constant feeding rate. Next, for PBPK simulation, parameter-sensitive analysis (PSA) was conducted to determine the optimization approach direction. As demonstrated by the dissolution test, the solubility of extrudate was enhanced comparing cilostazol alone. Based on the PSA analysis, the surfactant induction was a crucial factor in cilostazol absorption; thus, an extrudate with an even distribution of lipids was produced using hot-melt extrusion technology, for inducing the bile salts in the gastrointestinal tract. In vivo experiments with rats demonstrated that the optimized hot-melt extruded formulation was absorbed more rapidly with lower deviation and regardless of the meal consumed when compared to marketed cilostazol formulations.
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4
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Taha NF, Emam MF, Emara LH. A novel combination of Soluplus®/Poloxamer for Meloxicam solid dispersions via hot melt extrusion for rapid onset of action. Part 2: comparative bioavailability and IVIVC. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1362-1372. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1791164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nesrin F. Taha
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research, Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha F. Emam
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research, Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Laila H. Emara
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research, Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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5
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Cheng X, Gao J, Li J, Cheng G, Zou M, Piao H. In Vitro-In Vivo Correlation for Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Water-Soluble Drug Efonidipine Hydrochloride. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:160. [PMID: 32476084 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01685-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this present study was to investigate the ability of different dissolution methods to predict the in vivo performance of efonidipine hydrochloride (EFH). The solid dispersions of EFH were prepared by solvent evaporation method with HPMC-AS as matrix and urea as a pH adjusting agent. The paddle method, the open-loop, and the closed-loop flow-through cell methods were studied. In the study, Weibull's model was the best fit to explain release profiles. The pharmacokinetics behaviors of two kinds of solid dispersions with different release rate were investigated in comparison to the EFH after oral administration in rats. In vivo absorption was calculated by a numerical deconvolution method. In the study, the level A in vivo and in vitro correlation (IVIVC) was utilized. The correlation coefficient was calculated and interpreted by means of linear regression analysis (Origin.Pro.8.5 software). As a result, excellent IVIVC for solid dispersions and crude drug (r2 = 0.9352-0.9916) was obtained for the dissolution rate determined with flow-through cell open-loop system in phosphate buffer solution with 0.1% (w/v) polysorbate 80 at pH 6.5, the flow-rate of 4 mL/min. In addition, the self-assembled flow cell system had good repeatability and accuracy. The dissolution rate of the solid dispersion could be slowed down by the flow-through method, and the difference caused by preparation was significantly distinguished. The study demonstrated that flow-through cell method of the open-loop, compared with paddle method, was suitable for predicting in vivo performance of EFH solid dispersions.
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6
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Development of in vitro - in vivo correlations for newly optimized Nimesulide formulations. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203123. [PMID: 30169547 PMCID: PMC6118371 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Use of the human volunteers in bioequivalence studies is being discouraged by the Food and drug administration after the introduction of biowaiver approaches. In-vitro in-vivo correlation (IVIVC) with the level A is accepted for the registration of new molecules. In the present study deconvolution technique with numeric approaches was applied after compressing and in vitro validating the 100mg Nimesulide immediate, intermediate and slow release tablets. Single centered, crossover, randomized study was conducted in four phases with a two-week washout period to obtain the plasma drug concentration data after administrating test and reference products in male healthy volunteers. KineticaTM 4.4.1 (Thermoelectron corp, USA) was used for the calculation of two ways ANOVA with 90% CI from both log transformed and non- transformed data and Phoenix WinNonlin 7 and it's IVIVC toolkit version 7.0 was used for the application of numeric approaches of IVIVC. Results revealed that the individual internal percentage prediction error for AUCinf and Cmax were found to be < 15% while their average values were < 10% in all medium. Numeric values of % PE at pH 6.8 and pH 7.4 (50 rpm in USP II and 100 rpm in USP I and II apparatus) were found to be (2.5842, 2.9789 and, 7.1732; 7.0944, 2.4721 and 4.350) for AUCinf and (2.5842, 0.5736 and 4.6928; 5.6214, 3.0551 and -2.4711) values for Cmax respectively. The low values of prediction errors demonstrate that the correlation model is projecting the in vivo response of each formulation. Percentage External error (% PE) was not required because individual values of percentage internal error (%PE) of Cmax and AUClast were not >15. In order to predict point to point correlation between fraction drug dissolved and drug absorbed, their mean r2 value was found to be > 0.9112 which showed a linear correlation in slightly alkaline pH.
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7
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Kaur N, Narang A, Bansal AK. Use of biorelevant dissolution and PBPK modeling to predict oral drug absorption. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 129:222-246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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González-García I, García-Arieta A, Merino-Sanjuan M, Mangas-Sanjuan V, Bermejo M. Defining level A IVIVC dissolution specifications based on individual in vitro dissolution profiles of a controlled release formulation. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 119:200-207. [PMID: 29680456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory guidelines recommend that, when a level A IVIVC is established, dissolution specification should be established using averaged data and the maximum difference between AUC and Cmax between the reference and test formulations cannot be greater than 20%. However, averaging data assumes a loss of information and may reflect a bias in the results. The objective of the current work is to present a new approach to establish dissolution specifications using a new methodology (individual approach) instead of average data (classical approach). Different scenarios were established based on the relationship between in vitro-in vivo dissolution rate coefficient using a level A IVIVC of a controlled release formulation. Then, in order to compare this new approach with the classical one, six additional batches were simulated. For each batch, 1000 simulations of a dissolution assay were run. Cmax ratios between the reference formulation and each batch were calculated showing that the individual approach was more sensitive and able to detect differences between the reference and the batch formulation compared to the classical approach. Additionally, the new methodology displays wider dissolution specification limits than the classical approach, ensuring that any tablet from the new batch would generate in vivo profiles which its AUC or Cmax ratio will be out of the 0.8-1.25 range, taking into account the in vitro and in vivo variability of the new batches developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I González-García
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Area, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - A García-Arieta
- División de Farmacología y Evaluación Clínica, Departamento de Medicamentos de Uso Humano, Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios, Spain
| | - M Merino-Sanjuan
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Area, University of Valencia, Spain; Institute of Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), Joint Centre of Polytechnic University of Valencia and University of Valencia, Spain
| | - V Mangas-Sanjuan
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Area, University of Valencia, Spain; Institute of Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), Joint Centre of Polytechnic University of Valencia and University of Valencia, Spain.
| | - M Bermejo
- Department of Engineering, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Area, Miguel Hernandez University, Spain
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9
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Puppolo MM, Hughey JR, Dillon T, Storey D, Jansen-Varnum S. Biomimetic Dissolution: A Tool to Predict Amorphous Solid Dispersion Performance. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:2841-2853. [PMID: 28560506 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0783-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The presented study describes the development of a membrane permeation non-sink dissolution method that can provide analysis of complete drug speciation and emulate the in vivo performance of poorly water-soluble Biopharmaceutical Classification System class II compounds. The designed membrane permeation methodology permits evaluation of free/dissolved/unbound drug from amorphous solid dispersion formulations with the use of a two-cell apparatus, biorelevant dissolution media, and a biomimetic polymer membrane. It offers insight into oral drug dissolution, permeation, and absorption. Amorphous solid dispersions of felodipine were prepared by hot melt extrusion and spray drying techniques and evaluated for in vitro performance. Prior to ranking performance of extruded and spray-dried felodipine solid dispersions, optimization of the dissolution methodology was performed for parameters such as agitation rate, membrane type, and membrane pore size. The particle size and zeta potential were analyzed during dissolution experiments to understand drug/polymer speciation and supersaturation sustainment of felodipine solid dispersions. Bland-Altman analysis was performed to measure the agreement or equivalence between dissolution profiles acquired using polymer membranes and porcine intestines and to establish the biomimetic nature of the treated polymer membranes. The utility of the membrane permeation dissolution methodology is seen during the evaluation of felodipine solid dispersions produced by spray drying and hot melt extrusion. The membrane permeation dissolution methodology can suggest formulation performance and be employed as a screening tool for selection of candidates to move forward to pharmacokinetic studies. Furthermore, the presented model is a cost-effective technique.
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Joyce P, Yasmin R, Bhatt A, Boyd BJ, Pham A, Prestidge CA. Comparison across Three Hybrid Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Improving the Oral Absorption of the Poorly Water-Soluble Weak Base Cinnarizine. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:4008-4018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Joyce
- School
of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, City East Campus, Adelaide 5000, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson
Lakes 5095, Australia
| | - Rokhsana Yasmin
- School
of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, City East Campus, Adelaide 5000, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson
Lakes 5095, Australia
| | - Achal Bhatt
- School
of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, City East Campus, Adelaide 5000, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson
Lakes 5095, Australia
| | - Ben J. Boyd
- Drug
Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Monash University, Parkville Campus, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville Campus, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Anna Pham
- Drug
Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Monash University, Parkville Campus, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Clive A. Prestidge
- School
of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, City East Campus, Adelaide 5000, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson
Lakes 5095, Australia
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11
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B. Shekhawat P, B. Pokharkar V. Understanding peroral absorption: regulatory aspects and contemporary approaches to tackling solubility and permeability hurdles. Acta Pharm Sin B 2017; 7:260-280. [PMID: 28540164 PMCID: PMC5430883 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral drug absorption is a process influenced by the physicochemical and biopharmaceutical properties of the drug and its inter-relationship with the gastrointestinal tract. Drug solubility, dissolution and permeability across intestinal barrier are the key parameters controlling absorption. This review provides an overview of the factors that affect drug absorption and the classification of a drug on the basis of solubility and permeability. The biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) was introduced in early 90׳s and is a regulatory tool used to predict bioavailability problems associated with a new entity, thereby helping in the development of a drug product. Strategies to combat solubility and permeability issues are also discussed.
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Key Words
- ABC, ATP-binding cassette
- AP, absorption potential
- API, active pharmaceutical ingredient
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- AZT, azidothymidine
- BA/BE, bioavailability/bioequivalence
- BCRP, breast cancer resistance protein
- BCS
- BCS, biopharmaceutical classification system
- BDDS, biopharmaceutical drug disposition system
- BSP, bromosulfophthalein
- CD, cyclodextrin
- CDER, Centre for Drug Evaluation and Research
- CNT, Na+-dependent concentrative transporter
- CNT, concentrative nucleoside transporter
- CYP, cytochrome P450
- D:S, dose:solubility
- E217G, estradiol 17β-glucuronide
- EMEA, European Medicines Agency
- ENT, equilibrative nucleoside transporter
- FATP, fatty acid transporter protein
- FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- FIP, International Pharmaceutical Federation
- FaSSIF, fasted state simulated intestinal fluid
- Factors affecting absorption
- FeSSIF, fed state simulated intestinal fluid
- Formulation strategies
- GIS, gastrointestinal simulator
- GIT, gastrointestinal tract
- GITA, gastrointestinal transit and absorption
- GLUT, sodium-independent facilitated diffusion transporter
- GRAS, generally recognized as safe
- HIV, human immunodeficiency disease
- HPC-SL, LBDDS, lipid based drug delivery system
- HUGO, Human Genome Organization
- ICH, International Council of Harmonization
- IDR, intrinsic dissolution rate
- IR, immediate release
- ISBT, sodium dependent bile salt transporter
- MCT, monocarboxylate transporter
- MPP, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
- MRP, multidrug resistance associated protein
- NLC, nanostructured lipid carrier
- NME, new molecular entity
- NTCP, sodium-dependent taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide
- OAT, organic anion transporter
- OATP, organic anion transporting polypeptide
- OCT, organic cationic transporter
- OCTN, organic cationic/carnitine transporter
- OMM, ordered mesoporous material
- P-gp, P-glycoprotein
- PAH, p-aminohippurate
- PAMPA, parallel artificial membrane permeability assay
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- PEI, polyethyleneimine
- PEPT, peptide transporter
- PGA, polyglycolic acid
- PLA, poly(lactic acid)
- PLGA, poly-d,l-lactide-co-glycoside
- PMAT, plasma membrane monoamine transport
- PSA, polar surface area
- PVDF, polyvinylidene difluoride
- Papp, apparent permeability
- Peff, effective permeability
- Permeability
- Psi, porous silicon
- RFC, reduced folate transporter
- SDS, sodium dodecyl sulphate
- SGLT, sodium dependent secondary active transporter
- SIF, simulated intestinal fluid
- SLC, solute carrier
- SLCO, solute carrier organic anion
- SLN, solid lipid nanoparticles
- SMVT, sodium dependent multivitamin transporter
- SPIP, single pass intestinal perfusion
- SUPAC, scale-up and post approval changes
- SVCT, sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter
- Solubility
- TEOS, tetraethylortho silicate
- UWL, unstirred water layer
- VDAD, volume to dissolve applied dose
- WHO, World Health Organization
- pMMA, polymethyl methacrylate
- vit. E TPGS, vitamin E tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate
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Evaluation of different in vitro dissolution tests based on level A in vitro–in vivo correlations for fenofibrate self-emulsifying lipid-based formulations. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 112:18-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Pestieau A, Krier F, Brouwers A, Streel B, Evrard B. Selection of a discriminant and biorelevant in vitro dissolution test for the development of fenofibrate self-emulsifying lipid-based formulations. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 92:212-9. [PMID: 27169683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fenofibrate, a BCS class II compound, has a low bioavailability especially when taken orally on an empty stomach. The challenge to find a new formulation for providing bioavailability, independent of food, is still ongoing. If the development of a suitable oral delivery formulation of BCS class II compounds is a frequent and great challenge to formulation scientists, the in vitro evaluation of these new formulations is also a great challenge. The purpose of this study was therefore to select an in vitro dissolution test that would be useful and as biorelevant as possible for the development of fenofibrate self-emulsifying lipid-based formulations. In this context, three different fenofibrate formulations, for which in vivo data are available in the literature, were tested using different dissolution tests until we found the one that was the most suitable. As part of this approach, we started with the simplest in vitro dissolution tests and progressed to tests that were increasingly more complex. The first tests were different single phase dissolution tests: a test under sink conditions based on the USP monograph, and different tests under non-sink conditions in non-biorelevant and biorelevant media. Given the inconclusive results obtained with these tests, biphasic dissolution systems were then tested: one with USP apparatus type II alone and another which combined USP apparatus types II and IV. This last combined test seemed the most suitable in vitro dissolution test for the development of the future fenofibrate lipid-based formulations we intend to develop in our own laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Pestieau
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, C.I.R.M., University of Liège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Fabrice Krier
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, C.I.R.M., University of Liège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Adeline Brouwers
- Galephar Research Center M/F, Rue du Parc Industriel 39, 6900 Marche-en-Famenne, Belgium
| | - Bruno Streel
- Galephar Research Center M/F, Rue du Parc Industriel 39, 6900 Marche-en-Famenne, Belgium
| | - Brigitte Evrard
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, C.I.R.M., University of Liège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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14
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Yang B, Wu C, Ji B, Wu M, He Z, Shang L, Sun J. Virtual population pharmacokinetic using physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for evaluating bioequivalence of oral lacidipine formulations in dogs. Asian J Pharm Sci 2016; 12:98-104. [PMID: 32104318 PMCID: PMC7032150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate virtual population pharmacokinetic using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for evaluating bioequivalence of oral lacidipine formulations in dogs. The dissolution behaviors of three lacidipine formulations including one commercial product and two self-made amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) capsules were determined in 0.07% Tween 80 media. A randomized 3-period crossover design in 6 healthy beagle dogs after oral administration of the three formulations at a single dose of 4 mg was conducted. The PBPK modeling was utilized for the virtual bioequivalence study. In vitro dissolution experiment showed that the dissolution behaviors of lacidipine amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) capsules, which was respectively prepared by HPMC-E5 or Soluplus, as polymer displayed similar curves compared with the reference formulation in 0.07% Tween 80 media. In vivo pharmacokinetics experiments showed that three formulations had comparable maximum plasma drug concentration (Cmax), and the time (Tmax) to reach Cmax of lacidipine tablet, which was prepared by Soluplus, as polymer was slower than other two formulations in consistency with the in vitro dissolution rate. The 90% confidence interval (CI) for the Cmax, AUC0–24 h and AUC0–∞ of the ratio of the test drug to the referencedrug exceeded the acceptable bioequivalence (BE) limits (0.80–1.25). However, the 90% CI of the AUC0–24 h, AUC0–∞ and Cmax of the ratio of test to reference drug were within the BE limit, calculated using PBPK modeling when the virtual subjects reached 24 dogs. The results all demonstrated that virtual bioequivalence study can overcome the inequivalence caused by inter-subject variability of the 6 beagle dogs involved in in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunnuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutical analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingrui Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Shang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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15
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Effect of food intake and co-administration of placebo self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems on the absorption of cinnarizine in healthy human volunteers. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 84:77-82. [PMID: 26775868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Positive food effects may be observed for low aqueous soluble compounds, these effects could potentially be circumvented using lipid based formulations. However, as all compounds are not chemically stable in lipid based systems, alternative dosage regimes could be investigated to evade the stability issue. The two aims for this present study were therefore; i) to investigate if a nutritional drink, Fresubin Energy®, could induce food effect in humans for the poorly soluble compound cinnarizine; and ii) to investigate if co-administration of a self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) with a conventional cinnarizine tablet could reduce the observed food-effect. A commercial conventional cinnarizine tablet was dosed to 10 healthy volunteers in a cross-over design in both fasted and fed state, with and without co-administration of a SNEDDS, with a one week wash-out period between dosing. The fed state was induced using a nutritional drink (Fresubin Energy®) and gastric emptying was assessed by administration of paracetamol as a marker. The pharmacokinetic analysis showed that the nutritional drink delayed the uptake and increased the fraction of absorbed cinnarizine, indicative of a food effect on the compound. This was in agreement with a previous dog study and indicates that the nutritional drink can be used for inducing the same level of food effect in humans. Though not statistically significant, the co-administration of SNEDDS exhibited a tendency towards a reduction of the observed food effect and an increased absorption of cinnarizine in the fasted state; based upon the individual ratios, which was not reflected in the mean data. However, the co-administration of SNEEDS in the fasted state, also induce a slower gastric emptying rate, which was observed as a delayed tmax for both cinnarizine and paracetamol.
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16
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González-García I, Mangas-Sanjuán V, Merino-Sanjuán M, Bermejo M. In vitro–in vivocorrelations: general concepts, methodologies and regulatory applications. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2015; 41:1935-47. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2015.1054833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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17
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Wu C, Kou L, Ma P, Gao L, Li B, Li R, Luo C, Shentu J, He Z, Sun J. Interspecies prediction of oral pharmacokinetics of different lacidipine formulations from dogs to human: physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling combined with biorelevant dissolution. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16017g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PBPK modelling combined with biorelevant dissolution to quantitatively predict dog PK of different lacidipine formulations, and to extrapolate to human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunnuan Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Longfa Kou
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Panqin Ma
- Kangya of Ningxia Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd
- China
| | - Lifang Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Cong Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Jianzhong Shentu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine
- Zhejiang University
- China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- China
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18
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Yang B, Wu C, Ji B, Ai X, Kuang X, Wu M, Sun M, Luo C, He Z, Sun J. The biorelevant concentration of Tween 80 solution is a simple alternative medium to simulated fasted state intestinal fluid. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17674c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate whether the use of the biorelevant concentration of conventional surfactants as an alternative medium to simulated fasted state intestinal fluid for drugs with different acid–base properties is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- China
| | - Chunnuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital
- China
| | - Bin Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- China
| | - Xiaoyu Ai
- College of Pharmacy
- Nankai University
- China
| | - Xiao Kuang
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- China
| | - Mingrui Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- China
| | - Mengchi Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- China
| | - Cong Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics
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19
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Scott JS, Bowker SS, Brocklehurst KJ, Brown HS, Clarke DS, Easter A, Ertan A, Goldberg K, Hudson JA, Kavanagh S, Laber D, Leach AG, MacFaul PA, Martin EA, McKerrecher D, Schofield P, Svensson PH, Teague J. Circumventing Seizure Activity in a Series of G Protein Coupled Receptor 119 (GPR119) Agonists. J Med Chem 2014; 57:8984-98. [DOI: 10.1021/jm5011012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James S. Scott
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Suzanne S. Bowker
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Katy J. Brocklehurst
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Hayley S. Brown
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - David S. Clarke
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Alison Easter
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Anne Ertan
- Pharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca R&D, S-151 85 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Kristin Goldberg
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Julian A. Hudson
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Stefan Kavanagh
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - David Laber
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Andrew G. Leach
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Philip A. MacFaul
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Elizabeth A. Martin
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Darren McKerrecher
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Paul Schofield
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Per H. Svensson
- Pharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca R&D, S-151 85 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Joanne Teague
- Innovative
Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K
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20
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Micelle dynamic simulation and physicochemical characterization of biorelevant media to reflect gastrointestinal environment in fasted and fed states. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 88:565-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Cinnarizine food-effects in beagle dogs can be avoided by administration in a Self Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS). Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 57:164-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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22
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Yaro P, He X, Liu W, Xun M, Ma Y, Li Z, Shi X. In vitro–in vivocorrelations for three different commercial immediate-release indapamide tablets. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 40:1670-6. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.842577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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23
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Understanding Biorelevant Drug Release from a Novel Thermoplastic Capsule by Considering Microstructural Formulation Changes During Hydration. Pharm Res 2013; 31:194-203. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-013-1152-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The in-vivo performance of oral modified-release dosage forms is determined by the interplay of various physiological- and dosage-form-derived parameters. Thus it is often a challenge to predict the in-vivo drug-release behaviour from modified-release dosage forms based solely on in-vitro release rates.
Key findings
For a long time the most common procedure to obtain in-vitro/in-vivo correlations for modified-release formulations was to apply test conditions typically used for quality control on a retrospective basis. Such so-called ‘compendial approaches’ are typically not biorelevant with respect to volumes, composition and physicochemical properties of the test media and also do not take into consideration the mechanical and hydrodynamic forces that may influence dosage-form behaviour during passage through the gastrointestinal tract.
Summary
This review provides an overview of physiological conditions relevant to in-vivo drug release and of dissolution models which, based on current scientific findings on human gastrointestinal physiology, have been developed to enable a better prediction of the in-vivo performance of oral MR dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Garbacz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Ernst Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sandra Klein
- Institute of Pharmacy, Ernst Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
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25
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Xu C, Zou M, Wang Y, Liu Y, Yan J, Wu Y, Cheng G. Discriminatory dissolution method for quality control measurements of carbamazepine immediate release tablets based on in vitro--in vivo investigations. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2011; 38:679-88. [PMID: 21988132 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2011.621433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify a discriminatory dissolution method able to predict the in vivo performance of tablet formulations designed for carbamazepine (CBZ). After evaluation of dissolution medium and rotation speed using a 2⁵ central composite design and investigation of the in vivo release behaviors in beagle dogs, the dissolution method of CBZ 100 mg tablets was validated using a USP apparatus II, at a rotation speed of 75 rpm, and 900 ml deaerated water with 0.5% sodium lauryl sulfate (w/v) as the dissolution medium. Dissolution profiles were evaluated by the Weibull parameters and the modified fit factor, ƒ^(1,area). The in vitro-in vivo relationship of CBZ tablets was examined. Compared with the results from the USP and Chinese Pharmacopoeia monograph, the proposed system provides a superior discriminatory method. Since the dissolution method in pharmacopoeia for CBZ tablets is unable to distinguish between a good and a bad product, the method presented here can be used for the quality control testing of CBZ tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016 China
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26
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Use of conventional surfactant media as surrogates for FaSSIF in simulating in vivo dissolution of BCS class II drugs. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 78:531-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2009] [Revised: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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Prajapati ST, Patel AN, Patel CN. Formulation and evaluation of controlled-release tablet of zolpidem tartrate by melt granulation technique. ISRN PHARMACEUTICS 2011; 2011:208394. [PMID: 22389845 PMCID: PMC3263716 DOI: 10.5402/2011/208394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation describes the influence of the concentration of PEG 6000 as a melt binder and ratio of HPMC K4M : PVP on Zolpidem tartrate controlled-release tablet formulations using 3(2) full factorial design. The ratio of HPMC K4M and PVP K30 (X(1)) and the concentration of melt binder (X(2)) were selected as independent variables, and drug release at 1 hr (Q(1)), 4 hr (Q(4)), 8 hr (Q(8)), diffusion coefficient (n), and release rate constant (K) were selected as a dependent variable. Tablets were prepared by melt granulation technique and evaluated for various evaluation parameters. It was observed that concentration of melt binder had significant effect on Q(1), Q(4), n, and K Binder concentration 25% w/w was found optimum. Optimized formulation (F(7)) showed good similarity with theoretical profile of drug. The X(2) variable had a significant effect on dependent variables, and the X(1) variable had no significant effect on dependent variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailesh T. Prajapati
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shri Sarvajanik Pharmacy College, Mehsana, Gujarat 384001, India
| | - Amit N. Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shri Sarvajanik Pharmacy College, Mehsana, Gujarat 384001, India
| | - Chhagan N. Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shri Sarvajanik Pharmacy College, Mehsana, Gujarat 384001, India
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28
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Shen DM, Lin S, Parmee ER. A survey of small molecule glucagon receptor antagonists from recent patents (2006 – 2010). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2011; 21:1211-40. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2011.587001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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29
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Kleberg K, Jacobsen J, Müllertz A. Characterising the behaviour of poorly water soluble drugs in the intestine: application of biorelevant media for solubility, dissolution and transport studies. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011; 62:1656-68. [PMID: 21039549 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2010.01023.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Based on the knowledge of human intestinal fluids, compositions of biorelevant media and their impact on solubility, dissolution and permeability studies of poorly soluble drug compounds are discussed. KEY FINDINGS Human intestinal fluids show large variations with regard to composition and pH, which complicate the selection of biorelevant media. The influence of concentration and ratio of bile salts, phospholipids and hydrolysis products, such as monoglycerides and free fatty acids, in well characterised media, on the solubility, dissolution and permeability of a given drug provides valuable information on the behaviour of the drug in the intestine, thus enabling the prediction of the in-vivo absorption. SUMMARY This review discusses the implications of biorelevant media composition on the solubility, dissolution and permeability of poorly soluble drug compounds. Biorelevant media contain bile salts and phospholipids and when simulating the fed state also monoglycerides and free fatty acids. Solubility of some poorly soluble drugs increase independently of the type of surfactants included in the biorelevant media, while others have a higher solubility in monoglyceride- and fatty acid-containing media. This is independent of the log P (the octanol-water partition coefficient) of the drug. The use of biorelevant dissolution media improves the correlation to in-vivo data, compared with compendial media, and although the field of permeability studies is complex the use of biorelevant media in this setting shows promise with respect to a better prediction of absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Kleberg
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry Bioneer:FARMA, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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30
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Di Maio S, Carrier RL. Gastrointestinal contents in fasted state and post-lipid ingestion: In vivo measurements and in vitro models for studying oral drug delivery. J Control Release 2011; 151:110-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Lalic M, Pilipovic A, Golocorbin-Kon S, Gebauer-Bukurov K, Bozic K, Mikov M, Cvejic J. Comparison of dissolution profiles and serum concentrations of two lamotrigine tablet formulations. Drugs R D 2011; 11:53-60. [PMID: 21410295 PMCID: PMC3585764 DOI: 10.2165/11588260-000000000-00000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the extent of variations in lamotrigine serum concentrations between two immediate-release tablet formulations. Data were compared with in vitro difference and similarity tests on dissolution profiles of the two formulations. Methods: Dissolution characteristics of formulations A (reference) and B (test) were evaluated at three points spanning the physiologic pH range (pH 1.2, pH 4.5, pH 6.8). A model-independent approach of difference (f1) and similarity (f2) tests were applied to dissolution data. A clinical study was performed with 16 patients who were divided into two groups — one group received formulation A (n=9) and the other received formulation B (n=7). Lamotrigine steady-state concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography on a reverse-phase column. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in lamotrigine serum concentrations between the two groups, although formulation B had slightly higher mean concentration values (formulation A: 3.97±4.1 μg/mL; formulation B: 5.78±2.7 μg/mL). Dissolution profiles of the two formulations were similar in the pH 1.2 dissolution medium; however, the dissolution profiles of formulation B were outside the dissolution limit (≥85% at 15 minutes) in the pH 4.5 and 6.8 dissolution media. Conclusions: No significant changes in the serum concentrations of lamotrigine were seen between the two investigated formulations. There is no evidence to suggest that the differences in dissolution profiles at pH 4.5 and pH 6.8 affect the therapeutic efficacy of the formulations. It is evident that the doses of test formulation given to the patients were higher as a consequence of common assumption that generic products have a lower absorption rate, which is proven unnecessary in this study. This investigation was a pilot study and thus further investigations with a larger sample size are necessary to determine if there is a connection between dissolution profiles and the therapeutic effect of investigated formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mladena Lalic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
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32
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Novel extended-release formulation of lovastatin by one-step melt granulation: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 77:306-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Revised: 11/21/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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33
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Scheubel E, Adamy L, Hoffart V, Cardot JM. Selection of the most suitable dissolution method for an extended release formulation based on IVIVC level A obtained on cynomolgus monkey. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2011; 36:1320-9. [PMID: 20849348 DOI: 10.3109/03639041003801877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is primarily to identify the most suitable in vitro dissolution method(s) for their ability to predict the in vivo performance of extended release prototype tablet formulations designed for a new chemical entity, Biopharmaceutic Classification System class II drug, weak base, based on the data collected in cynomolgus monkey. MATERIALS AND METHODS Different types of buffer at different pH were selected as dissolution medium resulting in a broad variety of release patterns (slow to fast). The in vivo and in vitro data were put in relation. RESULTS As a consequence of the discrimination between both tested formulations, the in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) qualities and shapes changed significantly. The obtained level A showed that the simple HCl medium was superior to biorelevant media and media containing surfactant when investigating IVIVCs in cynomolgus monkey. In addition, the results of dissolution in HCl suggested rather a diffusion mechanism of the extended release matrix formulation as the main factor of the release. CONCLUSION Adjusting dissolution testing conditions to match the behavior of the formulations in vitro with that in vivo by taking into account the properties of the drug and the formulation is a straightforward and useful approach in identifying a predictive method in the development of the IVIVC. These investigations will definitely help by derisking of new formulations as well as by rating changes in existing formulations with regard to their impact on bioavailability before entry into human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Scheubel
- Galenical and Analytical Development, F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd., Pharmaceutical Division, Basel, Switzerland.
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34
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Zaki NM, Artursson P, Bergström CAS. A modified physiological BCS for prediction of intestinal absorption in drug discovery. Mol Pharm 2010; 7:1478-87. [PMID: 20734997 DOI: 10.1021/mp100124f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the influence of physiologically relevant media on the compound position in a biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) which resembled the intestinal absorption was investigated. Both solubility and permeability limited compounds (n = 22) were included to analyze the importance of each of these on the final absorption. Solubility was determined in three different dissolution media, phosphate buffer pH 6.5 (PhB 6.5), fasted state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF), and fed state simulated intestinal fluid (FeSSIF) at 37 °C, and permeability values were determined using the 2/4/A1 cell line. The solubility data and membrane permeability values were used for sorting the compounds into a BCS modified to reflect the fasted and fed state. Three of the seven compounds sorted as BCS II in PhB 6.5 (high permeability, low solubility) changed their position to BCS I when dissolved in FaSSIF and/or FeSSIF (high permeability, high solubility). These were low dosed (20 mg or less) lipophilic molecules displaying solvation limited solubility. In contrast, compounds having solid-state limited solubility had a minor increase in solubility when dissolved in FaSSIF and/or FeSSIF. Although further studies are needed to enable general cutoff values, our study indicates that low dosed BCS Class II compounds which have solubility normally restricted by poor solvation may behave as BCS Class I compounds in vivo. The large series of compounds investigated herein reveals the importance of investigating solubility and dissolution under physiologically relevant conditions in all stages of the drug discovery process to push suitable compounds forward, to select proper formulations, and to reduce the risk of food effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M Zaki
- The Uppsala University Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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35
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McAllister M. Dynamic Dissolution: A Step Closer to Predictive Dissolution Testing? Mol Pharm 2010; 7:1374-87. [DOI: 10.1021/mp1001203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark McAllister
- Research Formulation, Pfizer PGRD, Sandwich, Kent, CT13 9NJ, U.K
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36
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Tan A, Simovic S, Davey AK, Rades T, Boyd BJ, Prestidge CA. Silica nanoparticles to control the lipase-mediated digestion of lipid-based oral delivery systems. Mol Pharm 2010; 7:522-32. [PMID: 20063867 DOI: 10.1021/mp9002442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the role of hydrophilic fumed silica in controlling the digestion kinetics of lipid emulsions, hence further exploring the mechanisms behind the improved oral absorption of poorly soluble drugs promoted by silica-lipid hybrid (SLH) microcapsules. An in vitro lipolysis model was used to quantify the lipase-mediated digestion kinetics of a series of lipid vehicles formulated with caprylic/capric triglycerides: lipid solution, submicrometer lipid emulsions (in the presence and absence of silica), and SLH microcapsules. The importance of emulsification on lipid digestibility is evidenced by the significantly higher initial digestion rate constants for SLH microcapsules and lipid emulsions (>15-fold) in comparison with that of the lipid solution. Silica particles exerted an inhibitory effect on the digestion of submicrometer lipid emulsions regardless of their initial location, i.e., aqueous or lipid phases. This inhibitory effect, however, was not observed for SLH microcapsules. This highlights the importance of the matrix structure and porosity of the hybrid microcapsule system in enhancing lipid digestibility as compared to submicrometer lipid emulsions stabilized by silica. For each studied formulation, the digestion kinetics is well correlated to the corresponding in vivo plasma concentrations of a model drug, celecoxib, via multiple-point correlations (R(2) > 0.97). This supports the use of the lipid digestion model for predicting the in vivo outcome of an orally dosed lipid formulation. SLH microcapsules offer the potential to enhance the oral absorption of poorly soluble drugs via increased lipid digestibility in conjunction with improved drug dissolution/dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Tan
- ARC Special Research Centre for Particle and Material Interfaces, Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
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37
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Multivariate Data Analysis of Factors Affecting the In Vitro Dissolution Rate and the Apparent Solubility for a Model Basic Drug Substance in Aqueous Media. Pharm Res 2010; 27:1309-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-010-0111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2009] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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38
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Jantratid E, De Maio V, Ronda E, Mattavelli V, Vertzoni M, Dressman JB. Application of biorelevant dissolution tests to the prediction of in vivo performance of diclofenac sodium from an oral modified-release pellet dosage form. Eur J Pharm Sci 2009; 37:434-41. [PMID: 19491035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2009.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2009] [Revised: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 03/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In vitro biorelevant dissolution tests enabling the prediction of in vivo performance of an oral modified-release (MR) dosage form were developed in this study. In vitro dissolution of MR diclofenac sodium pellets containing 100mg active ingredient was evaluated under simulated pre- and postprandial conditions using USP Apparatus 3 (reciprocating cylinder, Bio-Dis) and 4 (flow-through cell) and results compared with compendial methods using USP Apparatus 1 (basket) and 2 (paddle). In vivo, the effects of food on the absorption of diclofenac sodium from the pellet dosage form were investigated by administering the product to 16 healthy volunteers pre- and postprandially in a crossover-design study. The in vitro results were compared with the in vivo data by means of Level A in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) and Weibull distribution analysis. The compendial dissolution tests were not able to predict food effects. The biorelevant dissolution tests predicted correctly that the release (and hence absorption) of diclofenac sodium would be slower in the fed state than in the fasted state. No significant differences in extent of absorption due to changes in extent of release were predicted or observed. The results demonstrate good correlations between in vitro drug release and in vivo drug absorption in both pre- and postprandial states using the biorelevant dissolution test methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekarat Jantratid
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Gray V, Kelly G, Xia M, Butler C, Thomas S, Mayock S. The science of USP 1 and 2 dissolution: present challenges and future relevance. Pharm Res 2009; 26:1289-302. [PMID: 19165579 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9822-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2008] [Accepted: 12/24/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Since its inception, the dissolution test has come under increasing levels of scrutiny regarding its relevance, especially to the correlation of results to levels of drug in blood. The technique is discussed, limited to solid oral dosage forms, beginning with the scientific origins of the dissolution test, followed by a discussion of the roles of dissolution in product development, consistent batch manufacture (QC release), and stability testing. The ultimate role of dissolution testing, "to have the results correlated to in vivo results or in vivo in vitro correlation," is reviewed. The recent debate on mechanical calibration versus performance testing using USP calibrator tablets is presented, followed by a discussion of variability and hydrodynamics of USP Apparatus 1 and Apparatus 2. Finally, the future of dissolution testing is discussed in terms of new initiatives in the industry such as quality by design (QbD), process analytical technology (PAT), and design of experiments (DOE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Gray
- V. A. Gray Consulting, Inc., 9 Yorkridge Trail, Hockessin, DE 19707, USA.
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Tan A, Simovic S, Davey AK, Rades T, Prestidge CA. Silica-lipid hybrid (SLH) microcapsules: a novel oral delivery system for poorly soluble drugs. J Control Release 2008; 134:62-70. [PMID: 19013488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2008] [Revised: 09/30/2008] [Accepted: 10/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A silica-lipid hybrid (SLH) microcapsule system for oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs is reported for the first time. For the model drug celecoxib (CEL), SLH microcapsules composed of medium-chain triglycerides, lecithin and silica nanoparticles; with an internal porous matrix structure, were shown to offer several physicochemical and biopharmaceutical advantages in comparison with unmodified drug, lipid emulsion, dry emulsion and the commercial product, Celebrex. DSC and XRD analyses confirmed non-crystalline CEL in SLH microcapsules and verified medium term physical stability. Dissolution under sink conditions revealed a 2- to 5-fold increase in dissolution efficiencies (%DE) and significantly reduced t(50%) (> or =50-fold) for CEL formulated as SLH microcapsules. Orally dosed in vivo studies in rats demonstrated superior pharmacokinetics for SLH microcapsules. Specifically, the fasted-state bioavailability (F) was statistically higher (p<0.05) than for aqueous suspension, lipid solution, o/w emulsion and a maltodextrin-stabilised dry emulsion, and was greater than for Celebrex. SLHs showed the highest maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) among all tested formulations (p<0.05). Linear correlations were observed between %DE and the pharmacokinetic parameters (F and C(max)). It is postulated that SLH microcapsules improve CEL oral absorption via dissolution enhancement, potentially in conjunction with other unexplored mechanisms, hence offering the possibility of dose reduction for improved therapeutic efficacy and cost-effectiveness of poorly soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Tan
- Ian Wark Research Institute, ARC Special Research Centre for Particle and Material Interfaces, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
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