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Shi J, Zhu L, Tang BY, Yang WQ, Xi SY, Zhang CL, Li PF, Wang YJ, Guo KH, Huang JR, Huang CR, Yu ZX, Yu BK, Zhang CF, Zhang YM. Regulatory effect of Yinchenhao decoction on bile acid metabolism to improve the inflammatory microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma in mice. J Nat Med 2024; 78:633-643. [PMID: 38704807 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-024-01812-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with extremely high mortality. The tumor microenvironment is the "soil" of its occurrence and development, and the inflammatory microenvironment is an important part of the "soil". Bile acid is closely related to the occurrence of HCC. Bile acid metabolism disorder is not only directly involved in the occurrence and development of HCC but also affects the inflammatory microenvironment of HCC. Yinchenhao decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine formula, can regulate bile acid metabolism and may affect the inflammatory microenvironment of HCC. To determine the effect of Yinchenhao decoction on bile acid metabolism in mice with HCC and to explore the possible mechanism by which Yinchenhao decoction improves the inflammatory microenvironment of HCC by regulating bile acid metabolism, we established mice model of orthotopic transplantation of hepatocellular carcinoma. These mice were treated with three doses of Yinchenhao decoction, then liver samples were collected and tested. Yinchenhao decoction can regulate the disorder of bile acid metabolism in liver cancer mice. Besides, it can improve inflammatory reactions, reduce hepatocyte degeneration and necrosis, and even reduce liver weight and the liver index. Taurochenodeoxycholic acid, hyodeoxycholic acid, and taurohyodeoxycholic acid are important molecules in the regulation of the liver inflammatory microenvironment, laying a foundation for the regulation of the liver tumor inflammatory microenvironment based on bile acids. Yinchenhao decoction may improve the inflammatory microenvironment of mice with HCC by ameliorating hepatic bile acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Bang-Yi Tang
- Department of Science and Education, Yancheng TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Wan-Qing Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Sheng-Yan Xi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chen-Long Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Peng-Fei Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu-Jie Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kai-Hang Guo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jing-Ru Huang
- Central Laboratory, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chen-Rui Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhou-Xin Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bao-Kang Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chun-Fang Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Yu-Mei Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Zheng N, Wang H, Zhu W, Li Y, Li H. Astragalus polysaccharide attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through THDCA in high-fat diet-fed mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117401. [PMID: 37967775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) extracted from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge was proven to be effective in preventing high-fat diet (HFD) induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the exact mechanisms were not completely elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim was to reveal the mechanisms of APS on preventing NAFLD from the aspects of regulating bile acids (BAs) homeostasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum and liver BAs in HFD fed mice with or without APS intervention were quantified with an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) system. The effect of APS on hepatic proteins involved in BAs synthesis were analyzed with Western blot. Finally, the effect of identified taurohyodeoxycholic acid (THDCA) that was significantly increased by APS on hepatic triglyceride (TG) accumulation was explored in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS APS regulated serum and liver BA profiles in HFD fed mice, especially increased serum THDCA. The levels of hepatic cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and sterol 12a-hydroxylase (CYP8B1) which catalyzed the classical BAs synthesis pathway were significantly decreased by APS, while oxysterol 7a-hydroxylase (CYP7B1) which catalyzed the alternative BAs synthesis pathway was significantly increased by APS. THDCA reduced HFD-induced hepatic lipid accumulation and improved glucose homeostasis in mice, and decreased TG level in palmitic acid/oleic acid treated alpha mouse liver 12 (AML-12) cells. THDCA significantly downregulated the protein level of cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) involved in fatty acid transport into the liver. Importantly, THDCA showed similar effect with APS in upregulating hepatic CYP7B1 and downregulating CYP7A1. CONCLUSION This study revealed the protective effect of APS on NAFLD was associated with the regulation on BA profiles, and proved the potential anti-NAFLD effect of THDCA, highlighting the involvement of BA metabolism in efficacy of herb-derived polysaccharides on metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Weize Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Houkai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Lv L, Chen Z, Bai W, Hao J, Heng Z, Meng C, Wang L, Luo X, Wang X, Cao Y, He J. Taurohyodeoxycholic acid alleviates trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid induced ulcerative colitis via regulating Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells balance. Life Sci 2023; 318:121501. [PMID: 36801213 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Taurohyodeoxycholic acid (THDCA), a natural 6α-hydroxylated bile acid, exhibits intestinal anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of THDCA on ulcerative colitis and to reveal its mechanisms of action. MAIN METHODS Colitis was induced by intrarectal administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) to mice. Mice in the treatment group were gavage THDCA (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg/day) or sulfasalazine (500 mg/kg/day) or azathioprine (10 mg/kg/day). The pathologic markers of colitis were comprehensively assessed. The levels of Th1-/Th2-/Th17-/Treg-related inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors were detected by ELISA, RT-PCR, and Western blotting. The balance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells was analyzed by Flow cytometry. KEY FINDINGS THDCA significantly alleviated colitis by improving the body weight, colon length, spleen weight, histological characteristics, and MPO activity of colitis mice. THDCA reduced the secretion of Th1-/Th17-related cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-12p70, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-21, IL-22, and TNF-α) and the expressions of transcription factors (T-bet, STAT4, RORγt, and STAT3), but increase the production of Th2-/Treg-related cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β1) and the expressions of transcription factors (GATA3, STAT6, Foxp3, and Smad3) in the colon. Meanwhile, THDCA inhibited the expressions of IFN-γ, IL-17A, T-bet, and RORγt, but improved the expression of IL-4, IL-10, GATA3, and Foxp3 in the spleen. Furthermore, THDCA restored the proportion of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells, and balanced the Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg immune response of colitis mice. SIGNIFICANCE THDCA can alleviate TNBS-induced colitis via regulating Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg balance, which may represent a promising treatment for patients with colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Lv
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ziyang Chen
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenhui Bai
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiahui Hao
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhengang Heng
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Caijin Meng
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xianglan Luo
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinmiao Wang
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanjun Cao
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiao He
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.
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Calzadilla N, Comiskey SM, Dudeja PK, Saksena S, Gill RK, Alrefai WA. Bile acids as inflammatory mediators and modulators of intestinal permeability. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1021924. [PMID: 36569849 PMCID: PMC9768584 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1021924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acids are critical for the digestion and absorption of lipids and fat-soluble vitamins; however, evidence continues to emerge supporting additional roles for bile acids as signaling molecules. After they are synthesized from cholesterol in the liver, primary bile acids are modified into secondary bile acids by gut flora contributing to a diverse pool and making the composition of bile acids highly sensitive to alterations in gut microbiota. Disturbances in bile acid homeostasis have been observed in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). In fact, a decrease in secondary bile acids was shown to occur because of IBD-associated dysbiosis. Further, the increase in luminal bile acids due to malabsorption in Crohn's ileitis and ileal resection has been implicated in the induction of diarrhea and the exacerbation of inflammation. A causal link between bile acid signaling and intestinal inflammation has been recently suggested. With respect to potential mechanisms related to bile acids and IBD, several studies have provided strong evidence for direct effects of bile acids on intestinal permeability in porcine and rodent models as well as in humans. Interestingly, different bile acids were shown to exert distinct effects on the inflammatory response and intestinal permeability that require careful consideration. Such findings revealed a potential effect for changes in the relative abundance of different bile acids on the induction of inflammation by bile acids and the development of IBD. This review summarizes current knowledge about the roles for bile acids as inflammatory mediators and modulators of intestinal permeability mainly in the context of inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Calzadilla
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Shane M. Comiskey
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Pradeep K. Dudeja
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
- Research and Development, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Seema Saksena
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
- Research and Development, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ravinder K. Gill
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Waddah A. Alrefai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
- Research and Development, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
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He KJ, Dong JH, Ouyang XM, Huo YN, Cheng XS, Lin Y, Li Y, Gong G, Liu J, Ren JL, Guleng B. Glycerol monolaurate ameliorates DSS-induced acute colitis by inhibiting infiltration of Th17, neutrophils, macrophages and altering the gut microbiota. Front Nutr 2022; 9:911315. [PMID: 36034889 PMCID: PMC9413164 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.911315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) places a heavy medical burden on countries and families due to repeated and prolonged attacks, and the incidence and prevalence of IBD are increasing worldwide. Therefore, finding an effective treatment is a matter of great urgency. Glycerol monolaurate (GML), which has a twelve-carbon chain, is a compound naturally found in human breast milk. Some studies have shown that GML has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the specific mechanism of action remains unclear. Methods Acute colitis was established in mice using 3% DSS, and glycerol monolaurate (500 mg·kg-1) was administered for two weeks. QPCR and western blotting were performed to examine the inflammatory status. Mice described were subjected to flow cytometry analysis for immune cell activation. Results GML treated alleviated macroscopic symptoms such as shortened colons, increased spleen weight, and caused weight loss in mice with DSS-induced colitis. In addition, GML decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (NF-α, IL-1β and IL-1α) and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10 and TGF-β). GML inhibited the activation of the MAPK and NF-κB signalling pathways, improved tissue damage, and increased the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins. In addition, LPMCs extracted from intestinal tissue via flow cytometry showed that GML treatment led to a decrease of Th17 cells, Neutrophils and Macrophages. 16S rDNA sequencing showed that GML increased the abundance of commensal bacterium such as Akkermansia and Lactobacillus murinus. Conclusions We showed that oral administration of GML ameliorated DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting infiltration of Th17 cells, Neutrophils, and Macrophages, protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier and altered the abundance of commensal bacterium. This study provides new insights into the biological function and therapeutic potential of GML in the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jie He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Jia-Hui Dong
- Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Ouyang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ya-Ni Huo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Shen Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yue Li
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoyu Gong
- Cancer Research Center and Institute of Microbial Ecology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jian-Lin Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bayasi Guleng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Cancer Research Center and Institute of Microbial Ecology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Liu Y, Tian X, Daniel RC, Okeugo B, Armbrister SA, Luo M, Taylor CM, Wu G, Rhoads JM. Impact of probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 on amino acid metabolism in the healthy newborn mouse. Amino Acids 2022; 54:1383-1401. [PMID: 35536363 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-022-03165-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effect of feeding a single probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (LR 17938) on the luminal and plasma levels of amino acids and their derivatives in the suckling newborn mouse, using gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. We found that LR 17938 increased the relative abundance of many amino acids and their derivatives in stool, while it simultaneously significantly reduced the plasma levels of three amino acids (serine, citrulline, and taurine). Many peptides and dipeptides were increased in stool and plasma, notably gamma-glutamyl derivatives of amino acids, following ingestion of the LR 17938. Gamma-glutamyl transformation of amino acids facilitates their absorption. LR 17938 significantly upregulated N-acetylated amino acids, the levels of which could be useful biomarkers in plasma and warrant further investigation. Specific fecal microbiota were associated with higher levels of fecal amino acids and their derivatives. Changes in luminal and circulating levels of amino acid derivatives, polyamines, and tryptophan metabolites may be mechanistically related to probiotic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 3.140A, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Xiangjun Tian
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rhea C Daniel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 3.140A, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Beanna Okeugo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 3.140A, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shabba A Armbrister
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 3.140A, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Meng Luo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Christopher M Taylor
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - J Marc Rhoads
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 3.140A, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Gardenia jasminoides Ellis Fruit Extracts Attenuated Colitis in 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid-Induced Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9920379. [PMID: 34956390 PMCID: PMC8694976 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9920379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a relapsing inflammatory disease with an unknown precise etiology. The purpose of this study is to investigate the protective effects of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruit extracts (GFE) on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats. GFE (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg) were administered orally for 7 days after induction. Meanwhile, the chemical components of GFE were performed by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. GFE significantly decreased DAI scores and ameliorated macroscopic and histologic damage. It also reduced the levels of MPO, NO, MDA, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, while increasing the level of SOD. Moreover, 56 components were identified in GFE using a UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS method, which can be categorized into six structural groups. Our results indicated that GFE has an ameliorative effect on TNBS-induced colitis in rats, which may further verify its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. Therefore, GFE can be a promising protective agent of colitis that deserves further investigation.
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Zhu Y, Shi Y, Ke X, Xuan L, Ma Z. RNF8 induces autophagy and reduces inflammation by promoting AKT degradation via ubiquitination in ulcerative colitis mice. J Biochem 2021; 168:445-453. [PMID: 32597970 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
RING finger protein 8 (RNF8) is an E3 ligase that is pivotal for DNA repair. However, the role of RNF8 in ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect and the mechanism of RNF8 on UC model induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) in mice. Lentiviruses overexpressing RNF8 were injected into mice after the induction of UC. The histopathological changes in colon tissues were assessed by haematoxylin and eosin staining. The mRNA level of RNF8 was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The protein levels of RNF8, autophagy-related proteins (LC3 and P62) and AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling-related proteins were measured by Western blot. The pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β) were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. Immunoprecipitation was performed to analyse the interaction between RNF8 and AKT1. The TNBS-induced UC mice exhibited colonic damage and inflammation, accompanied by decreased RNF8 expression, impaired autophagy and increased phosphorylation levels of AKT and mTOR in the colon. However, these alterations were reversed by RNF8 overexpression. Furthermore, RNF8 bound to AKT1 and mediated its ubiquitination. Collectively, RNF8 overexpression protects against TNBS-induced UC, which might be due to its enhancement of autophagy by suppressing the AKT/mTOR signalling via AKT1 ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, No.287 Changhuai Road, Longzihu District, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China
| | | | - Lanlan Xuan
- Department of Pathology, Anqing Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anqing Municipal Hospital, No.352 Renmin Road, Yingjiang District, Anqing, Anhui 246003, China
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Bile Acids and Microbiota: Multifaceted and Versatile Regulators of the Liver-Gut Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031397. [PMID: 33573273 PMCID: PMC7866539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
After their synthesis from cholesterol in hepatic tissues, bile acids (BAs) are secreted into the intestinal lumen. Most BAs are subsequently re-absorbed in the terminal ileum and are transported back for recycling to the liver. Some of them, however, reach the colon and change their physicochemical properties upon modification by gut bacteria, and vice versa, BAs also shape the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota. This mutual interplay of both BAs and gut microbiota regulates many physiological processes, including the lipid, carbohydrate and energy metabolism of the host. Emerging evidence also implies an important role of this enterohepatic BA circuit in shaping mucosal colonization resistance as well as local and distant immune responses, tissue physiology and carcinogenesis. Subsequently, disrupted interactions of gut bacteria and BAs are associated with many disorders as diverse as Clostridioides difficile or Salmonella Typhimurium infection, inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, asthma, metabolic syndrome, obesity, Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia and epilepsy. As we cannot address all of these interesting underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms here, we summarize the current knowledge about the physiologic and pathogenic interplay of local site microbiota and the enterohepatic BA metabolism using a few selected examples of liver and gut diseases.
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10
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Kogure Y, Kanda H, Wang S, Hao Y, Li J, Yamamoto S, Noguchi K, Dai Y. Daikenchuto attenuates visceral pain and suppresses eosinophil infiltration in inflammatory bowel disease in murine models. JGH Open 2020; 4:1146-1154. [PMID: 33319050 PMCID: PMC7731802 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Daikenchuto (DKT), a traditional Japanese formula, comprises four herbal medicines and is used for abdominal pain. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) and is characterized by colonic inflammation and chronic abdominal pain. The present study aimed to investigate whether DKT suppresses colonic hypersensitivity and inflammation associated with IBD in animal models. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 4% sodium dextran sulfate (DSS) or trinitrobenzene sulfate (TNBS) in the colon to establish UC or CD models, respectively. DKT and 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) were administered orally once a day from Days 3 to 7 after induction of colitis. On Day 7, visceral pain and inflammation were evaluated by measuring the visceromotor response (VMR) to colorectal distention (CRD) and inflammatory indicators, including histological score, length of leukocyte infiltration, MPO activity, and eosinophil count. RESULTS DSS and TNBS increased VMR to CRD and the inflammation indicators. DKT, but not 5-ASA, suppressed the VMR to CRD in DSS- and TNBS-treated rats. DKT and 5-ASA decreased the eosinophil count in both IBD models. In DSS-treated rats, 5-ASA, but not DKT, suppressed the MPO activity. In TNBS-treated rats, neither 5-ASA nor DKT suppressed MPO activity. CONCLUSION These results suggest that DKT is beneficial for abdominal pain associated with IBD. The anti-inflammatory effect of DKT on IBD may involve inhibition of eosinophils. The mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect of DKT partially differs from that of 5-ASA. Coapplication of DKT and conventional medicine may produce a positive synergy effect for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Kogure
- Department of Pharmacy, School of PharmacyHyogo University of Health SciencesKobeJapan
| | - Hirosato Kanda
- Department of Pharmacy, School of PharmacyHyogo University of Health SciencesKobeJapan
- Traditional Medicine Research CenterChinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine (CMCIHCM)KobeJapan
- Department of Anatomy and NeuroscienceHyogo College of MedicineNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Shenglan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of PharmacyHyogo University of Health SciencesKobeJapan
- School of Acupuncture‐Moxibustion and TuinaBeijing University of Chinese Medicine (BUCM)BeijingChina
| | - Yongbiao Hao
- Department of Pharmacy, School of PharmacyHyogo University of Health SciencesKobeJapan
| | - Junxiang Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal MedicineDongfang Hospital of BUCMBeijingChina
| | - Satoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmacy, School of PharmacyHyogo University of Health SciencesKobeJapan
| | - Koichi Noguchi
- Department of Anatomy and NeuroscienceHyogo College of MedicineNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Yi Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, School of PharmacyHyogo University of Health SciencesKobeJapan
- Traditional Medicine Research CenterChinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine (CMCIHCM)KobeJapan
- Department of Anatomy and NeuroscienceHyogo College of MedicineNishinomiyaJapan
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Suppression of Inflammatory Cytokines Expression with Bitter Melon ( Momordica Charantia) in TNBS-instigated Ulcerative Colitis. J Transl Int Med 2020; 8:177-187. [PMID: 33062594 PMCID: PMC7534491 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2020-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective This study was aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of Momordica charantia (MCh), along with a standard drug prednisolone, in a rat model of colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). Methods After the induction of the experimental colitis, the animals were treated with MCh (4 g/kg/day) for 14 consecutive days by intragastric gavage. The colonic tissue expression levels of C-C motif chemokine ligand 17 (CCL-17), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-23, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), were determined at both mRNA and protein levels to estimate the effect of MCh. Besides, colonic specimens were analyzed histopathologically after staining with hematoxylin and eosin. Results The body weights from TNBS-instigated colitis rats were found to be significantly lower than untreated animals. Also, the IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, Il-23, TNF-α, CCL-17, and NF-kB mRNA and protein levels were increased significantly from 1.86-4.91-fold and 1.46-5.50-fold, respectively, in the TNBS-instigated colitis group as compared to the control. Both the MCh and prednisolone treatment significantly reduced the bodyweight loss. It also restored the induced colonic tissue levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α to normal levels seen in untreated animals. These results were also supported with the histochemical staining of the colonic tissues from both control and treated animals. Conclusion The presented data strongly suggests that MCh has the anti-inflammatory effect that might be modulated through vitamin D metabolism. It is the right candidate for the treatment of UC as an alternative and complementary therapeutics.
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Ma Q, Ouyang Y, Meng F, Noolvi MN, Avvaru SP, More UA, Aminabhavi TM, Du M, Liu H, Zhuang Y, Pang M, Cai T, Cai Y. A review of pharmacological and clinical studies on the application of Shenling Baizhu San in treatment of Ulcerative colitis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 244:112105. [PMID: 31344480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The prescription of Shenling Baizhu San (SLBZS) was derived from the Song Dynasty "Taiping Huimin Heji Ju Fang", which was a representative prescription for treating spleen asthenic diarrhea. The prescription comprised of 10 herbs for treating weak spleen and stomach. It describes symptoms like eating less, loose stools, cough, shortness of breath and tired limbs. SLBZS has been reported to be capable of eliminating discomfort when it is administered for treating irritable bowel syndrome and diarrhea. This traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula has been widely used for improving gastrointestinal dysfunction and modifying the immune response to inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY This review is aimed to provide the up-to-date information on the pharmacology and clinical research of SLBZS in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), and to discuss the research findings and possible deficiencies, hoping to better guide the clinical application and scientific research of SLBZS in the treatment of UC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant studies from 2004 to 2018 on SLBZS in the treatment of UC mechanism and curative effect were collected from ancient books, pharmacopoeia, reports, thesis via library and Digital databases (PubMed, CNKI, Google Scholar, Web of Science, SciFinder, Springer, Elsevier, etc). RESULTS SLBZS could regulate inflammatory factors and intestinal flora, and ERK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway may be one of its targets. In addition, clinical research results show that SLBZS has a good therapeutic effect on UC, and the adverse reactions are small. CONCLUSION Although SLBZS has achieved some success in the treatment of UC, there are still some scientific gaps. There is a lack of uniform standards for constructing UC animal models, and some methods of modeling through environmental and dietary interventions are not reproducible, and there is a lack of uniform dosing regimen standards. SLBZS doses follow the tradition and lack toxicological validation. Therefore, more specific toxicological research models are essential. The clinical application of SLBZS requires reassessment and standardization. Although all clinical research reports randomly assigned patients to different groups, most did not describe a detailed method of randomization and no description of the analysis data. In addition, extensive in vitro studies and further in-depth molecular studies are essential for the determination of mechanisms that have been performed in all in vivo experiments on animal models and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yong Ouyang
- Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, 510800, China
| | - Fansu Meng
- Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of TCM, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528400, China
| | | | - Stephen Paul Avvaru
- Gujarat Technological University, Chandkheda, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382424, India
| | - Uttam A More
- Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College, Kim, Surat, Gujarat, 394110, India
| | | | - Manling Du
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yong Zhuang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Mujuan Pang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Tiange Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyangm, 110036, China.
| | - Yu Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Cancer Research Institute of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Zaghlool SS, Abo-Seif AA, Rabeh MA, Abdelmohsen UR, Messiha BAS. Gastro-Protective and Anti-Oxidant Potential of Althaea officinalis and Solanum nigrum on Pyloric Ligation/Indomethacin-Induced Ulceration in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8110512. [PMID: 31731465 PMCID: PMC6912529 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, an alternative disease treatment approach is the research of medicaments from traditional medicine. Plants with anti-oxidant capabilities are used as herbal treatments for ulcer diseases. Medicinal/herbal extracts containing phytoconstituents have significant anti-ulcer activities in in vivo experiments on animal models, compared to reference drugs. The current study aims to inspect gastro-protective as well as in vitro and in vivo anti-oxidant potential of Althaea officinalis and Solanum nigrum extracts on pyloric-ligation/indomethacin-induced gastric-ulceration in rats. Rats were divided into six groups: normal control, gastric ulcer control, two standard pretreatment groups receiving omeprazole and misoprostol, and two test pretreatment groups receiving Althaea officinalis and Solanum nigrum. Pretreatments were administrated orally for 14 days. On the 15th day, animals, excluding the normal control group, were exposed to pyloric-ligation followed by indomethacin injection. After four hours, the rat’s stomachs were removed and gastric juice and blood samples were collected. Pyloric-ligation/indomethacin administration caused considerable elevation in ulcer number, ulcer index, acid and pepsin productivity, aggressive factors, and gastric mucosal lipid-peroxide contents. Moreover, reduction in titratable acidity, gastric mucosal nitric-oxide, anti-oxidant contents, and protective factors accompanied gastric-ulceration. Additionally, elevation in pro-inflammatory cytokines content and reduction in cystathionine-β-synthase and heme-oxygenase-1 expression was witnessed. Omeprazole, misoprostol, Althaea officinalis, and Solanum nigrum pretreatments fixed blood and tissue biomarkers, thereby protecting them from pyloric-ligation/indomethacin-induced gastric-ulceration in rats, which is hopeful for clinical examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh S. Zaghlool
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Mokattam, Cairo 11571, Egypt
- Correspondence: (S.S.Z.); (U.R.A.); Tel.: +20-01005113065 (S.S.Z.); +20-01111595772 (U.R.A.)
| | - Ali A. Abo-Seif
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University (NUB), Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. Rabeh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt;
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- Correspondence: (S.S.Z.); (U.R.A.); Tel.: +20-01005113065 (S.S.Z.); +20-01111595772 (U.R.A.)
| | - Basim A. S. Messiha
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt;
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Gu P, Zhu L, Liu Y, Zhang L, Liu J, Shen H. Protective effects of paeoniflorin on TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis through inhibiting NF-kappaB pathway and apoptosis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 50:152-160. [PMID: 28666238 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Paeoniflorin is traditionally used to treat inflammatory disorders. In our laboratory, we have scientifically validated the anti-inflammatory effect of paeoniflorin. In this study, it has been aimed to evaluate in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of paeoniflorin isolated from the dried peeled root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. It was further intended to find out the probable mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect of paeoniflorin. The anti-inflammatory effect of paeoniflorin (15, 30 and 45mg/kg) was measured employing TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis model of acute inflammation. The TNBS injection resulted significant colitis formation when compared with un-injected mice. The anti-inflammatory effects of paeoniflorin for ulcerative colitis were assessed by body weight, colonic weight and length, macroscopic scores, and histopathological examinations. In addition, the colonic tissue levels of inflammation markers, including myeloperoxidase (MPO), IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ were also determined to assess the effect of paeoniflorin. In addition, western blot demonstrated that paeoniflorin inhibited NF-kappaB signaling pathway and apoptosis in TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis tissues. In conclusion, all the findings of this study suggested that paeoniflorin has the anti-inflammatory effect in ulcerative colitis via inhibiting MAPK/NF-kappaB pathway and apoptosis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqing Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yajun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Junlou Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
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The effect of sodium valproate on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2016; 25:137-145. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-016-0304-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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16
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Su Q, He J, Wang Z, Lv L, Suo Y, Wang J, Zheng Z, Huo C, Li J. Intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of the rhizome extracts of Menispermum dauricum DC. on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid induced ulcerative colitis in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:12-20. [PMID: 27435376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Menispermum dauricum DC., commonly known as "Bei Dou Gen" (BDG) in China, has been used extensively in folk medicine to treat inflammatory diseases, especially intestinal inflammations such as enteritis and dysentery, and in pharyngitis, tonsillitis, rheumatism and bronchitis. Although previous studies showed that BDG has anti-inflammatory activities, its effects on ulcerative colitis (UC) have not yet been explored. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of the rhizome extracts of Menispermum dauricum DC. on UC model induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS UC in mice was induced by colonic administration with TNBS. BDG (100, 200 and 400mg/kg/day) and sulfasalazine (500mg/kg/day) were administered orally for 7 consecutive days. The inflammatory degree was assessed by gross appearance, macroscopic and histological analysis, and accumulation of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Pro-inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, were determined by enzyme-linked immunoassay. The expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS Treatment with different doses of BDG significantly ameliorated macroscopic damage and histological changes, reduced the accumulation of MPO activity, depressed serum and colonic tissue levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, administration of BDG effectively reduced COX-2 overexpression in colon. CONCLUSION We demonstrated for the first time that BDG possessed marked intestinal anti-inflammatory effect in TNBS induced colitis in mice, which might be related to the reduction of up-regulated productions and expressions of pro-inflammatory mediators, suggesting that it may have beneficial use for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Su
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, China; Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jiao He
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, China; Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Ziye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, China; Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Le Lv
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, China; Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yuan Suo
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, China; Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, China; Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Zongwei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, China; Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Chuanchuan Huo
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, China; Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, China; Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
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Yang Y, He J, Suo Y, Lv L, Wang J, Huo C, Zheng Z, Wang Z, Li J, Sun W, Zhang Y. Anti-inflammatory effect of taurocholate on TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 81:424-430. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Antioxidant therapy for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: Does it work? Redox Biol 2015; 6:617-639. [PMID: 26520808 PMCID: PMC4637335 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is considered as one of the etiologic factors involved in several signals and symptoms of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) that include diarrhea, toxic megacolon and abdominal pain. This systematic review discusses approaches, challenges and perspectives into the use of nontraditional antioxidant therapy on IBD, including natural and synthetic compounds in both human and animal models. One hundred and thirty four papers were identified, of which only four were evaluated in humans. Some of the challenges identified in this review can shed light on this fact: lack of standardization of OS biomarkers, absence of safety data and clinical trials for the chemicals and biological molecules, as well as the fact that most of the compounds were not repeatedly tested in several situations, including acute and chronic colitis. This review hopes to stimulate researchers to become more involved in this fruitful area, to warrant investigation of novel, alternative and efficacious antioxidant-based therapies. Major biomarkers used for evaluation of antioxidant therapy were MPO, TBARS/MDA and glutathione levels. Challenges were identified for the yet poor use of antioxidant therapy in IBD. This review stimulates the investigation of alternative and efficacious antioxidant therapies.
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Protective Effect of Calculus Bovis Sativus on Dextran Sulphate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:469506. [PMID: 26579201 PMCID: PMC4633553 DOI: 10.1155/2015/469506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Calculus Bovis Sativus (CBS) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, which has been reported to exhibit antispasmodic, fever-reducing, anti-inflammatory, and gallbladder-repairing effects. The present study aims to investigate the protective effect of CBS on dextran sulphate sodium- (DSS-) induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. C57BL/6 male mice were exposed to 5% DSS in drinking water. CBS was given orally at 50 and 150 mg/kg once per day for 7 days. Body weight, disease activity index (DAI), colon length, colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured. Administration of CBS significantly reserved these changes, decreased the MPO activity and MDA and NO level, and increased the SOD activity in the colon tissue. Histological observation suggested that CBS alleviated edema, mucosal damage, and inflammatory cells infiltration induced by DSS in the colon. Moreover, CBS significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin- (IL-) 1β and IL-6 in the colon tissue. Our data suggested that CBS exerted protective effect on DSS-induced UC partially through the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Chemical and Metabolic Profiling of Si-Ni Decoction Analogous Formulae by High performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11638. [PMID: 26118924 PMCID: PMC4484491 DOI: 10.1038/srep11638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Along with an indispensable role in healthcare system of China for centuries, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) shows increasing usages as complementary therapy in western countries. To improve our understanding on their therapeutic effects, it’s critical to unveil chemical compositions of TCM formula, the predominant form of therapy in TCM. However, intrinsic chemical complexity makes it a challenging task to perform analysis on each individual TCM formula even with most current state-of-art analytic techniques available. In this work we approached this question by focusing on analogous formulae, a unique category of TCM formulae grouped together based on shared herbs and/or similar TCM syndromes. Systematic chemical profiling on five Si-Ni decoctions (SNs) for cardiovascular diseases was performed by multistage MS and high-resolution MS (HR-MS) experiments. A total of 83 compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, ginsenosides, bile acids and triterpenoids, were described. Analysis on SNs-treated rats detected 55 prototype compounds and 39 metabolites in the systemic circulation in vivo, which may contribute directly to their observed clinical efficacies. This approach offers great advantage to speed up identification of chemical compositions of formula and reveal the difference among these analogous formulae that may be related to diverse clinical effects.
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Farombi EO, Adedara IA, Ajayi BO, Ayepola OR, Egbeme EE. Kolaviron, a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytochemical prevents dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis in rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2013; 113:49-55. [PMID: 23336970 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of kolaviron, a natural biflavonoid from the seeds of Garcinia kola, have been attributed mainly to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigated these effects on dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Sulfasalazine served as standard reference in this study. Kolaviron and sulfasalazine were separately co-administered orally at 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, respectively, to dextran sulphate sodium-exposed rats for 5 days. The result indicated that kolaviron or sulfasalazine significantly prevented DSS-induced body weight loss as well as the incidence of diarrhoea and bleeding in DSS-exposed rats. Kolaviron suppressed the DSS-mediated increase in colonic nitric oxide concentration and myeloperoxidase activity and significantly prevented the increase in inflammatory mediators, interleukin-1β and tumour necrosis factor alpha, in the colon of DSS-treated rats. The significant depletion in colonic antioxidant status in rats exposed to DSS alone was evident by marked reduction in colonic catalase and glutathione S-transferase activities as well as glutathione content, leading to elevated hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation levels. Histopathologically, DSS alone resulted in severe epithelial erosion, total absence of goblet cells, destruction of the crypts, necrotic and distorted glands, accompanied by marked cellular mononuclear cells infiltration. However, administration of kolaviron and sulfasalazine ameliorated DSS-induced colitis by increasing the antioxidant status decreased hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation levels and attenuated the adverse effect of DSS on colon architecture. In conclusion, the anti-colitis effect of kolaviron is related to its intrinsic anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebenezer O Farombi
- Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Zhao W, Sun C, He J, Chen L, Zhang Y, Sun W. The possible mechanisms of Picrasma quassiodes (D. Don) Benn. in the treatment of colitis induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 145:424-430. [PMID: 23164762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Picrasma quassiodes (D. Don) Benn.(PQB) is used in folk medicines for the treatment of colds, upper respiratory infection, acute tonsillitis, acute gastroenteritis, bacillary dysentery and a variety of acute infectious diseases in Asia. Although recent reports indicate that PQB has antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects, its effects on colitis and its inhibitory mechanisms have not been previously reported. AIM OF THE STUDY To assess the effects and the mode of action of the extract of Picrasma quassiodes (D. Don) Benn.(PQB) on a model of colitis in mice induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). MATERIALS AND METHODS We induced mice colitis using TNBS/ethanol, then different doses of Picrasma quassiodes (D. Don) Benn.(PQB) extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day) and sulfasalazine (500 mg/kg/day) were administered by gavage for 7 days after the induction of colitis. The mice body weight, colonic wet weight, colonic lengths, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, macroscopic and histological colon injury were observed. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as: tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were assayed by enzyme-linked immunoassay. The protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the colons were determined by immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS PQB administration effectively prevented mice diarrhea, decreasing of the body weights, shortening of colon length and increasing of colon wet weight. Macroscopic and histological examinations also indicated that it was protected against colonic edema, ulceration and MPO activity elevation. Furthermore, PQB inhibited the abnormal secretions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-8. Additionally, administration of PQB effectively inhibited COX-2 and iNOS protein expression. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that PQB has an anti-inflammatory effect on TNBS-induced colitis due to the down-regulations of the productions and expressions of inflammatory mediators, and that it may be a potential inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenna Zhao
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, PR China
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