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Griñán‐Ferré C, Jarné‐Ferrer J, Bellver‐Sanchís A, Codony S, Puigoriol‐Illamola D, Sanfeliu C, Oh Y, Lee S, Vázquez S, Pallàs M. Novel molecular mechanism driving neuroprotection after soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition: Insights for Alzheimer's disease therapeutics. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14511. [PMID: 37905690 PMCID: PMC11017401 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation is widely recognized as a significant hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To combat neuroinflammation, the inhibition of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enzyme has been demonstrated crucial. Importantly, sEH inhibition could be related to other neuroprotective pathways described in AD. AIMS The aim of the study was to unveil new molecular pathways driving neuroprotection through sEH, we used an optimized, potent, and selective sEH inhibitor (sEHi, UB-SCG-51). MATERIALS AND METHODS UB-SCG-51 was tested in neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y, in primary mouse and human astrocytes cultures challenged with proinflammatory insults and in microglia cultures treated with amyloid oligomers, as well as in mice AD model (5XFAD). RESULTS UB-SCG-51 (10 and 30 μM) prevented neurotoxic reactive-astrocyte conversion in primary mouse astrocytes challenged with TNF-α, IL-1α, and C1q (T/I/C) combination for 24 h. Moreover, in microglial cultures, sEHi reduced inflammation and glial activity. In addition, UB-SCG-51 rescued 5XFAD cognitive impairment, reducing the number of Amyloid-β plaques and Tau hyperphosphorylation accompanied by a reduction in neuroinflammation and apoptotic markers. Notably, a transcriptional profile analysis revealed a new pathway modulated by sEHi treatment. Specifically, the eIF2α/CHOP pathway, which promoted the endoplasmic reticulum response, was increased in the 5XFAD-treated group. These findings were confirmed in human primary astrocytes by combining sEHi and eIF2α inhibitor (eIF2αi) treatment. Besides, combining both treatments resulted in increased in C3 gene expression after T/I/C compared with the group treated with sEHi alone in cultures. DISCUSSION Therefore, sEHi rescued cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration in AD mice model, based on the reduction of inflammation and eIF2α/CHOP signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS In whole, our results support the concept that targeting neuroinflammation through sEH inhibition is a promising therapeutic strategy to fight against Alzheimer's disease with additive and/or synergistic activities targeting neuroinflammation and cell stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Griñán‐Ferré
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic ChemistryInstitut de Neurociències‐Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Júlia Jarné‐Ferrer
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic ChemistryInstitut de Neurociències‐Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Aina Bellver‐Sanchís
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic ChemistryInstitut de Neurociències‐Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Sandra Codony
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB)University of Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Dolors Puigoriol‐Illamola
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic ChemistryInstitut de Neurociències‐Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Coral Sanfeliu
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Yumin Oh
- Neuraly Inc.MarylandGaithersburgUSA
| | | | - Santiago Vázquez
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB)University of Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic ChemistryInstitut de Neurociències‐Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
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Takeshita AA, Hammock BD, Wagner KM. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition alleviates chemotherapy induced neuropathic pain. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 3:1100524. [PMID: 36700145 PMCID: PMC9868926 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2022.1100524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a particularly pernicious form of neuropathy and the associated pain is the primary dose-limiting factor of life-prolonging chemotherapy treatment. The prevalence of CIPN is high and can last long after treatment has been stopped. Currently, late in the COVID-19 pandemic, there are still increased psychological pressures on cancer patients as well as additional challenges in providing analgesia for them. These include the risks of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) analgesics potentially masking early infection symptoms and the immunosuppression of steroidal and opiate based approaches. Even without these concerns, CIPN is often inadequately treated with few therapies that offer significant pain relief. The experiments we report use soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors (sEHI) which relieved this intractable pain in preclinical models. Doses of EC5026, an IND candidate intended to treat neuropathic pain, elicited dose dependent analgesic responses in multiple models including platinum-based, taxane, and vinca alkaloid-based CIPN pain in Sprague Dawley rats. At the same time as a class, the sEHI are known to result in fewer debilitating side effects of other analgesics, likely due to their novel mechanism of action. Overall, the observed dose-dependent analgesia in both male and female rats across multiple models of chemotherapy induced neuropathic pain holds promise as a useful tool when translated to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- EicOsis LLC, Davis, CA, United States,Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Karen M. Wagner
- EicOsis LLC, Davis, CA, United States,Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States,Correspondence: Karen M. Wagner ;
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Carlson A, Johnson PJ, Lei Z, Keegan KG. Anti-nociceptive efficacy of the soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor t-TUCB in horses with mechanically induced lameness. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:504-509. [PMID: 36174370 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitors are novel anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents that could improve pain management in horses. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anti-nociceptive effect of a single-dose intravenous administration of the sEH inhibitor trans-4-{4-[3-(4-trifluro-methoxy-phenyl)-ureido]-cyclohexyloxy}-benzoic acid (t-TUCB) using an adjustable heart bar shoe (a-HBS) model of lameness. We hypothesized that t-TUCB would improve objective and subjective lameness measures compared to the control. MATERIALS AND METHODS Reversible lameness was induced in 8 horses for 24 h using an a-HBS in a randomized, crossover design. A vehicle-control placebo (DMSO) or t-TUCB (1 mg/kg) was intravenously administered at time 0 following a baseline induced lameness evaluation. Blood was collected and lameness was objectively measured with an inertial sensor system at 0-, 1-, 3-, 6-, 12-, and 24-h time points. Front-facing videos were obtained at each time point for subjective evaluation by three blinded evaluators using a visual analog scale (VAS). RESULTS Treatment with t-TUCB significantly decreased (i.e. improved) lameness compared to placebo at 1-h and compared to baseline at 1-, 3-, and 6-h following administration. Lameness significantly increased (i.e. worsened) from baseline in placebo-treated horses 12 h after administration. All horses returned to baseline soundness within 24 h of reversing lameness. CONCLUSION Treatment with single-dose IV administration of t-TUCB improved lameness induced by the a-HSB, suggesting that t-TUCB has anti-nociceptive effects in horses. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor, t-TUCB, is a promising novel analgesic for horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Carlson
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
| | - Philip J Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
| | - Zhentian Lei
- Department of Biochemistry, MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
| | - Kevin G Keegan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase and Diabetes Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116232. [PMID: 35682911 PMCID: PMC9180978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can result in microvascular complications such as neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, and cerebral small vessel disease, and contribute to macrovascular complications, such as heart failure, peripheral arterial disease, and large vessel stroke. T2DM also increases the risks of depression and dementia for reasons that remain largely unclear. Perturbations in the cytochrome P450-soluble epoxide hydrolase (CYP-sEH) pathway have been implicated in each of these diabetes complications. Here we review evidence from the clinical and animal literature suggesting the involvement of the CYP-sEH pathway in T2DM complications across organ systems, and highlight possible mechanisms (e.g., inflammation, fibrosis, mitochondrial function, endoplasmic reticulum stress, the unfolded protein response and autophagy) that may be relevant to the therapeutic potential of the pathway. These mechanisms may be broadly relevant to understanding, preventing and treating microvascular complications affecting the brain and other organ systems in T2DM.
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Gowler PRW, Turnbull J, Shahtaheri M, Gohir S, Kelly T, McReynolds C, Yang J, Jha RR, Fernandes GS, Zhang W, Doherty M, Walsh DA, Hammock BD, Valdes AM, Barrett DA, Chapman V. Clinical and Preclinical Evidence for Roles of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase in Osteoarthritis Knee Pain. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 74:623-633. [PMID: 34672113 PMCID: PMC8957539 DOI: 10.1002/art.42000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic pain due to osteoarthritis (OA) is a major clinical problem, and existing analgesics often have limited beneficial effects and/or adverse effects, necessitating the development of novel therapies. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are endogenous antiinflammatory mediators, rapidly metabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase (EH) to dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs). We undertook this study to assess whether soluble EH-driven metabolism of EETs to DHETs plays a critical role in chronic joint pain associated with OA and provides a new target for treatment. METHODS Potential associations of chronic knee pain with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene-encoding soluble EH and with circulating levels of EETs and DHETs were investigated in human subjects. A surgically induced murine model of OA was used to determine the effects of both acute and chronic selective inhibition of soluble EH by N-[1-(1-oxopropy)-4-piperidinyl]-N'-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-urea (TPPU) on weight-bearing asymmetry, hind paw withdrawal thresholds, joint histology, and circulating concentrations of EETs and DHETs. RESULTS In human subjects with chronic knee pain, 3 pain measures were associated with SNPs of the soluble EH gene EPHX2, and in 2 separate cohorts of subjects, circulating levels of EETs and DHETs were also associated with 3 pain measures. In the murine OA model, systemic administration of TPPU both acutely and chronically reversed established pain behaviors and decreased circulating levels of 8,9-DHET and 14,15-DHET. EET levels were unchanged by TPPU administration. CONCLUSION Our novel findings support a role of soluble EH in OA pain and suggest that inhibition of soluble EH and protection of endogenous EETs from catabolism represents a potential new therapeutic target for OA pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. W. Gowler
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Life Sciences. University of Nottingham, UK
| | - James Turnbull
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Life Sciences. University of Nottingham, UK
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of Pharmacy. University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Mohsen Shahtaheri
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine. University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Sameer Gohir
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine. University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Tony Kelly
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine. University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Cindy McReynolds
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Rakesh R. Jha
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Life Sciences. University of Nottingham, UK
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of Pharmacy. University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Gwen S. Fernandes
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine. University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Weiya Zhang
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine. University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Michael Doherty
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine. University of Nottingham, UK
| | - David A. Walsh
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine. University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Ana. M. Valdes
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine. University of Nottingham, UK
| | - David A. Barrett
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of Pharmacy. University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Victoria Chapman
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Life Sciences. University of Nottingham, UK
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6
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Effects of cyclooxygenase and soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors on apoptosis of cultured primary equine chondrocytes. Res Vet Sci 2022; 147:44-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Gonçalves S, Gowler PR, Woodhams SG, Turnbull J, Hathway G, Chapman V. The challenges of treating osteoarthritis pain and opportunities for novel peripherally directed therapeutic strategies. Neuropharmacology 2022; 213:109075. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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8
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Codony S, Pont C, Griñán-Ferré C, Di Pede-Mattatelli A, Calvó-Tusell C, Feixas F, Osuna S, Jarné-Ferrer J, Naldi M, Bartolini M, Loza MI, Brea J, Pérez B, Bartra C, Sanfeliu C, Juárez-Jiménez J, Morisseau C, Hammock BD, Pallàs M, Vázquez S, Muñoz-Torrero D. Discovery and In Vivo Proof of Concept of a Highly Potent Dual Inhibitor of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase and Acetylcholinesterase for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. J Med Chem 2022; 65:4909-4925. [PMID: 35271276 PMCID: PMC8958510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
With innumerable clinical failures of target-specific drug candidates for multifactorial diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), which remains inefficiently treated, the advent of multitarget drug discovery has brought a new breath of hope. Here, we disclose a class of 6-chlorotacrine (huprine)-TPPU hybrids as dual inhibitors of the enzymes soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a multitarget profile to provide cumulative effects against neuroinflammation and memory impairment. Computational studies confirmed the gorge-wide occupancy of both enzymes, from the main site to a secondary site, including a so far non-described AChE cryptic pocket. The lead compound displayed in vitro dual nanomolar potencies, adequate brain permeability, aqueous solubility, human microsomal stability, lack of neurotoxicity, and it rescued memory, synaptic plasticity, and neuroinflammation in an AD mouse model, after low dose chronic oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Codony
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy
and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Caterina Pont
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy
and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Griñán-Ferré
- Pharmacology
Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry,
Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ania Di Pede-Mattatelli
- Department
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry,
Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB), University
of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Calvó-Tusell
- CompBioLab
Group, Departament de Química and Institut de Química
Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, E-17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Ferran Feixas
- CompBioLab
Group, Departament de Química and Institut de Química
Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, E-17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Osuna
- CompBioLab
Group, Departament de Química and Institut de Química
Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, E-17003 Girona, Spain,Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Júlia Jarné-Ferrer
- Pharmacology
Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry,
Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Naldi
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University
of Bologna, Via Belmeloro, 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University
of Bologna, Via Belmeloro, 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - María Isabel Loza
- BioFarma
Research Group, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina
Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Av. de Barcelona s/n, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Brea
- BioFarma
Research Group, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina
Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Av. de Barcelona s/n, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Belén Pérez
- Department
of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Clara Bartra
- Institute
of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, CSIC and Institut d’Investigacions
Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló, 149, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Coral Sanfeliu
- Institute
of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, CSIC and Institut d’Investigacions
Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló, 149, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Juárez-Jiménez
- Department
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry,
Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB), University
of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Pharmacology
Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry,
Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Vázquez
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy
and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain,. Phone: (+34) 934024533
| | - Diego Muñoz-Torrero
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy
and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain,. Phone: (+34) 934024533
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Influence of intermittent fasting on prediabetes-induced neuropathy: Insights on a novel mechanistic pathway. Metabol Open 2022; 14:100175. [PMID: 35402890 PMCID: PMC8991399 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2022.100175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is correlated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Intermittent fasting (IF) has been described as the cornerstone in the management of obesity; however, its role in prediabetic complications is not well elucidated. Cytochromes P450 Monooxygenases (CYP450) are major sources of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that orchestrate the onset and development of diabetic complications. One of the CYP-metabolites, Expoxyecosatetraenoic Acids (EETs), are considered to be negative regulators of ROS production. In this study, we elucidated the role of IF on ROS production and investigated its influence on prediabetes-induced PN. Methods C57/BL6 control mice, prediabetic, prediabetic that underwent alternate day fasting with different diet composition, and prediabetic mice treated with EET-metabolizing sEH-inhibitor, AUDA. Body mass composition, metabolic, behavioral, and molecular tests were performed. Results High-fat diet (HFD) led to an increase in NADPH-induced ROS production; that was due to an alteration in the epoxygenase pathway assessed by the decrease in CYP1a1/1a2 expression. IF reinstated the homeostatic levels of EETs in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, treatment with AUDA mimicked the beneficial effect observed with IF. Conclusion IF and EETs bioavailability have a protective role in prediabetes-induced PN, suggesting a novel interventional strategy in the management of prediabetes and its associated complications.
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10
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Tucker L, Trumble TN, Groschen D, Dobbs E, Baldo CF, Wendt-Hornickle E, Guedes AGP. Targeting Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase and Cyclooxygenases Enhance Joint Pain Control, Stimulate Collagen Synthesis, and Protect Chondrocytes From Cytokine-Induced Apoptosis. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:685824. [PMID: 34422942 PMCID: PMC8375305 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.685824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the symptomatic and disease-modifying capabilities of sEH and COX inhibitors during joint inflammation. Methods: Using a blinded, randomized, crossover experimental design, 6 adult healthy horses were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 3 μg) from E. coli in a radiocarpal joint and concurrently received the non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor phenylbutazone (2 mg/kg), the sEH inhibitor t-TUCB (1 mg/kg) or both (2 mg/kg phenylbutazone and 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg t-TUCB) intravenously. There were at least 30 days washout between treatments. Joint pain (assessed via inertial sensors and peak vertical forces), synovial fluid concentrations of prostanoids (PGE2, TxB2), cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and biomarkers of collagen synthesis (CPII) and degradation (C2C) were measured at pre-determined intervals over a 48-h period. The anti-apoptotic effect of COX and sEH inhibitors was determined via ELISA technique in primary equine chondrocytes incubated with TNF-α (10 ng/ml) for 24 h. Apoptosis was also determined in chondrocytes incubated with sEH-generated metabolites. Results: Combined COX and sEH inhibition produced significantly better control of joint pain, prostanoid responses, and collagen synthesis-degradation balance compared to each compound separately. When administered separately, pain control was superior with COX vs. sEH inhibition. Cytokine responses were not different during COX and/or sEH inhibition. In cultured chondrocytes, sEH inhibition alone or combined with COX inhibition, but not COX inhibition alone had significant anti-apoptotic effects. However, sEH-generated metabolites caused concentration-dependent apoptosis. Conclusions: Combined COX and sEH inhibition optimize pain control, attenuate loss of articular cartilage matrix during joint inflammation and cytokine-induced chondrocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tucker
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Troy N Trumble
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Donna Groschen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Erica Dobbs
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Caroline F Baldo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Erin Wendt-Hornickle
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Alonso G P Guedes
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
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11
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McReynolds CB, Yang J, Guedes A, Morisseau C, Garcia R, Knych H, Tearney C, Hamamoto B, Hwang SH, Wagner K, Hammock BD. Species Differences in Metabolism of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitor, EC1728, Highlight the Importance of Clinically Relevant Screening Mechanisms in Drug Development. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165034. [PMID: 34443621 PMCID: PMC8399023 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There are few novel therapeutic options available for companion animals, and medications rely heavily on repurposed drugs developed for other species. Considering the diversity of species and breeds in companion animal medicine, comprehensive PK exposures in the companion animal patient is often lacking. The purpose of this paper was to assess the pharmacokinetics after oral and intravenous dosing in domesticated animal species (dogs, cats, and horses) of a novel soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor, EC1728, being developed for the treatment of pain in animals. Results: Intravenous and oral administration revealed that bioavailability was similar for dogs, and horses (42 and 50% F) but lower in mice and cats (34 and 8%, respectively). Additionally, clearance was similar between cats and mice, but >2× faster in cats vs. dogs and horses. Efficacy with EC1728 has been demonstrated in mice, dogs, and horses, and despite the rapid clearance of EC1728 in cats, analgesic efficacy was demonstrated in an acute pain model after intravenous but not oral dosing. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that exposures across species can vary, and investigation of therapeutic exposures in target species is needed to provide adequate care that addresses efficacy and avoids toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy B. McReynolds
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.B.M.); (J.Y.); (C.M.); (S.H.H.); (K.W.)
- EicOsis, 1930 5th Street, Suite A, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.B.M.); (J.Y.); (C.M.); (S.H.H.); (K.W.)
- EicOsis, 1930 5th Street, Suite A, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Alonso Guedes
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; (A.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.B.M.); (J.Y.); (C.M.); (S.H.H.); (K.W.)
| | - Roberto Garcia
- Dechra Development LLC, 1 Monument Sq, Portland, ME 04101, USA;
| | - Heather Knych
- K.L. Maddy Equine Analytical Pharmacology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (H.K.); (B.H.)
- Department of Veterinary Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Caitlin Tearney
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; (A.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Briana Hamamoto
- K.L. Maddy Equine Analytical Pharmacology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (H.K.); (B.H.)
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.B.M.); (J.Y.); (C.M.); (S.H.H.); (K.W.)
- EicOsis, 1930 5th Street, Suite A, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Karen Wagner
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.B.M.); (J.Y.); (C.M.); (S.H.H.); (K.W.)
- EicOsis, 1930 5th Street, Suite A, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.B.M.); (J.Y.); (C.M.); (S.H.H.); (K.W.)
- EicOsis, 1930 5th Street, Suite A, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-530-752-8465
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12
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Codony S, Calvó-Tusell C, Valverde E, Osuna S, Morisseau C, Loza MI, Brea J, Pérez C, Rodríguez-Franco MI, Pizarro-Delgado J, Corpas R, Griñán-Ferré C, Pallàs M, Sanfeliu C, Vázquez-Carrera M, Hammock BD, Feixas F, Vázquez S. From the Design to the In Vivo Evaluation of Benzohomoadamantane-Derived Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis. J Med Chem 2021; 64:5429-5446. [PMID: 33945278 PMCID: PMC8634379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
pharmacological inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH)
is efficient for the treatment of inflammatory and pain-related diseases.
Numerous potent sEH inhibitors (sEHIs) present adamantyl or phenyl
moieties, such as the clinical candidates AR9281 or EC5026. Herein,
in a new series of sEHIs, these hydrophobic moieties have been merged
in a benzohomoadamantane scaffold. Most of the new sEHIs have excellent
inhibitory activities against sEH. Molecular dynamics simulations
suggested that the addition of an aromatic ring into the adamantane
scaffold produced conformational rearrangements in the enzyme to stabilize
the aromatic ring of the benzohomoadamantane core. A screening cascade
permitted us to select a candidate for an in vivo efficacy study in a murine model of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis.
The administration of 22 improved the health status of
the animals and reduced pancreatic damage, demonstrating that the
benzohomoadamantane unit is a promising scaffold for the design of
novel sEHIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Codony
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Carla Calvó-Tusell
- CompBioLab Group, Departament de Química and Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, Girona 17003, Spain
| | - Elena Valverde
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Sílvia Osuna
- CompBioLab Group, Departament de Química and Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, Girona 17003, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis 95616, California, United States
| | - M Isabel Loza
- Drug Screening Platform/Biofarma Research Group, CIMUS Research Center. Departamento de Farmacoloxía, Farmacia e Tecnoloxía Farmacéutica, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - José Brea
- Drug Screening Platform/Biofarma Research Group, CIMUS Research Center. Departamento de Farmacoloxía, Farmacia e Tecnoloxía Farmacéutica, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Concepción Pérez
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - María Isabel Rodríguez-Franco
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Javier Pizarro-Delgado
- Pharmacology Section. Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.,Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat 08950, Spain
| | - Rubén Corpas
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC and IDIBAPS, Barcelona 08036, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Christian Griñán-Ferré
- Pharmacology Section. Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Pharmacology Section. Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Coral Sanfeliu
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC and IDIBAPS, Barcelona 08036, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Pharmacology Section. Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.,Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat 08950, Spain
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis 95616, California, United States
| | - Ferran Feixas
- CompBioLab Group, Departament de Química and Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, Girona 17003, Spain
| | - Santiago Vázquez
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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13
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Singh N, Barnych B, Wagner KM, Wan D, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Adrenic Acid-Derived Epoxy Fatty Acids Are Naturally Occurring Lipids and Their Methyl Ester Prodrug Reduces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inflammatory Pain. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:7165-7174. [PMID: 33748630 PMCID: PMC7970556 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Adrenic acid (AdA, 22:4) is an ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), derived from arachidonic acid. Like other PUFAs, it is metabolized by cytochrome P450s to a group of epoxy fatty acids (EpFAs), epoxydocosatrienoic acids (EDTs). EpFAs are lipid mediators with various beneficial bioactivities, including exertion of analgesia and reduction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, that are degraded to dihydroxy fatty acids by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). However, the biological characteristics and activities of EDTs are relatively unexplored, and, alongside dihydroxydocosatrienoic acids (DHDTs), they had not been detected in vivo. Herein, EDT and DHDT regioisomers were synthesized, purified, and used as standards for analysis with a selective and quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method. Biological verification in AdA-rich tissues suggests that basal metabolite levels are highest in the liver, with 16,17-EDT concentrations consistently being the greatest across the analyzed tissues. Enzyme hydrolysis assessment revealed that EDTs are sEH substrates, with greatest relative rate preference for the 13,14-EDT regioisomer. Pretreatment with an EDT methyl ester regioisomer mixture significantly reduced the onset of tunicamycin-stimulated ER stress in human embryonic kidney cells. Finally, administration of the regioisomeric mixture effectively alleviated carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain in rats. This study indicates that EDTs and DHDTs are naturally occurring lipids, and EDTs could be another therapeutically relevant group of EpFAs.
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14
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Cagli A, Senol SP, Temiz-Resitoglu M, Guden DS, Sari AN, Sahan-Firat S, Tunctan B. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl)urea prevents hyperalgesia through regulating NLRC4 inflammasome-related pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways in the lipopolysaccharide-induced pain mouse model. Drug Dev Res 2021; 82:815-825. [PMID: 33559150 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have anti-inflammatory effects and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibition might be a useful therapeutic approach to manage inflammatory disorders. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) C4 inflammasome-related pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways in the central nervous system (CNS) participates in the effect of trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl)urea (TPPU), a potent sEH inhibitor, to prevent hyperalgesia in the LPS-induced pain mouse model. The latency of pain within 30 s was measured by the hot plate test in male mice injected with saline, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 mg/kg), and/or TPPU (0.3, 0.5, or 1 mg/kg) after 6 h. Hyperalgesia induced by LPS was associated with decreased 14,15-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid and interleukin (IL)-1β levels and enhanced expression of NLRC4, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase activation and recruitment domain (ASC), caspase-1 p20, IL-1β, and caspase-11 p20 in the brains and spinal cords of the animals. Besides the increased expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) subunits (gp91phox and p47phox ) and nitrotyrosine, a decrease in NLRC3, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and neuronal NOS (nNOS) expression was also observed in the tissues of LPS-treated mice. TPPU at 0.5 mg/kg dose prevented the changes induced by LPS. Likely, decreased activity of pro-inflammatory NLRC4/ASC/pro-caspase-1 and caspase-11 inflammasomes and NOX in addition to enhanced levels of anti-inflammatory EETs and expression of NLRC3, iNOS, and nNOS in the CNS of mice participates in the protective effect of TPPU against LPS-induced hyperalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Cagli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Sefika Pinar Senol
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | | | - Demet Sinem Guden
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ayse Nihal Sari
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Seyhan Sahan-Firat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Bahar Tunctan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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15
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Wang Y, Wagner KM, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Inhibition of the Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase as an Analgesic Strategy: A Review of Preclinical Evidence. J Pain Res 2021; 14:61-72. [PMID: 33488116 PMCID: PMC7814236 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s241893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is a complicated condition which causes substantial physical, emotional, and financial impacts on individuals and society. However, due to high cost, lack of efficacy and safety problems, current treatments are insufficient. There is a clear unmet medical need for safe, nonaddictive and effective therapies in the management of pain. Epoxy-fatty acids (EpFAs), which are natural signaling molecules, play key roles in mediation of both inflammatory and neuropathic pain sensation. However, their molecular mechanisms of action remain largely unknown. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) rapidly converts EpFAs into less bioactive fatty acid diols in vivo; therefore, inhibition of sEH is an emerging therapeutic target to enhance the beneficial effect of natural EpFAs. In this review, we will discuss sEH inhibition as an analgesic strategy for pain management and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Wang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Karen M Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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16
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Singh N, Barnych B, Morisseau C, Wagner KM, Wan D, Takeshita A, Pham H, Xu T, Dandekar A, Liu JY, Hammock BD. N-Benzyl-linoleamide, a Constituent of Lepidium meyenii (Maca), Is an Orally Bioavailable Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitor That Alleviates Inflammatory Pain. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:3689-3697. [PMID: 33320645 PMCID: PMC7888481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Lepidium meyenii (maca), a plant indigenous to the Peruvian Andes, recently has been utilized globally for claimed health or recreational benefits. The search for natural products that inhibit soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), with therapeutically relevant potencies and concentrations, led to the present study on bioactive amide secondary metabolites found in L. meyenii, the macamides. Based on known and suspected macamides, 19 possible macamides were synthesized and characterized. The majority of these amides displayed excellent inhibitory potency (IC50 ≈ 20-300 nM) toward the recombinant mouse, rat, and human sEH. Quantitative analysis of commercial maca products revealed that certain products contain known macamides (1-5, 8-12) at therapeutically relevant total concentrations (≥3.29 mg/g of root), while the inhibitory potency of L. meyenii extracts directly correlates with the sum of concentration/IC50 ratios of macamides present. Considering both its in vitro efficacy and high abundance in commercial products, N-benzyl-linoleamide (4) was identified as a particularly relevant macamide that can be utilized for in vivo studies. Following oral administration in the rat, compound 4 not only displayed acceptable pharmacokinetic characteristics but effectively reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory pain. Inhibition of sEH by macamides provides a plausible biological mechanism of action to account for several beneficial effects previously observed with L. meyenii treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalin Singh
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Bogdan Barnych
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Karen M. Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Debin Wan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Ashley Takeshita
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Hoang Pham
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Ting Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Abhaya Dandekar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Jun-Yan Liu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
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17
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Overby H, Yang Y, Xu X, Graham K, Hildreth K, Choi S, Wan D, Morisseau C, Zeldin DC, Hammock BD, Wang S, Bettaieb A, Zhao L. Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibition by t-TUCB Promotes Brown Adipogenesis and Reduces Serum Triglycerides in Diet-Induced Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197039. [PMID: 32987880 PMCID: PMC7582898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is an important target for obesity treatment and prevention. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) converts bioactive epoxy fatty acids (EpFAs) into less active diols. sEH inhibitors (sEHI) are beneficial in many chronic diseases by stabilizing EpFAs. However, roles of sEH and sEHI in brown adipogenesis and BAT activity in treating diet-induced obesity (DIO) have not been reported. sEH expression was studied in in vitro models of brown adipogenesis and the fat tissues of DIO mice. The effects of the sEHI, trans-4-{4-[3-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-ureido]-cyclohexyloxy-benzoic acid (t-TUCB), were studied in vitro and in the obese mice via mini osmotic pump delivery. sEH expression was increased in brown adipogenesis and the BAT of the DIO mice. t-TUCB promoted brown adipogenesis in vitro. Although t-TCUB did not change body weight, fat pad weight, or glucose and insulin tolerance in the obese mice, it decreased serum triglycerides and increased protein expression of genes important for lipid metabolism in the BAT. Our results suggest that sEH may play a critical role in brown adipogenesis, and sEHI may be beneficial in improving BAT protein expression involved in lipid metabolism. Further studies using the sEHI combined with EpFA generating diets for obesity treatment and prevention are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley Overby
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Xinyun Xu
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Katherine Graham
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Kelsey Hildreth
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Sue Choi
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Debin Wan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.W.); (C.M.); (B.D.H.)
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.W.); (C.M.); (B.D.H.)
| | - Darryl C. Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA;
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.W.); (C.M.); (B.D.H.)
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Ahmed Bettaieb
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (L.Z.); Tel.: +1-865-974-6267 (A.B.); +1-865-974-1833 (L.Z.)
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (L.Z.); Tel.: +1-865-974-6267 (A.B.); +1-865-974-1833 (L.Z.)
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18
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Wan X, Fujita Y, Chang L, Wei Y, Ma L, Wuyun G, Pu Y, Hammock BD, Hashimoto K. Lack of rewarding effects of a soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor TPPU in mice: Comparison with morphine. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2020; 40:412-416. [PMID: 32896112 PMCID: PMC7722641 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Although opioids have been used as treatment of neuropathic pain, opioids have abuse potential in humans. Since soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids plays a key role in the pain, sEH inhibitors would be promising new therapeutic drugs for neuropathic pain. In this study, we examined the effect of the sEH inhibitor TPPU on rewarding effects in mice using the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. METHODS The rewarding effects of morphine (10 mg/kg) and TPPU (3, 10, or 30 mg/kg) in mice were examined using CPP paradigm. Furthermore, the effect of TPPU (30 mg/kg) on morphine-induced rewarding effects was examined. RESULTS TPPU (3, 10, or 30 mg/kg) did not increase CPP scores in the mice whereas morphine significantly increased CPP scores in the mice. Furthermore, pretreatment with TPPU did not block the rewarding effects of morphine in the mice, suggesting that sEH does not play a role in the rewarding effect of morphine. CONCLUSION This study suggests that TPPU did not have rewarding effects in rodents. This would make sEH inhibitors potential therapeutic drugs without abuse potential for neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayun Wan
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuko Fujita
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - Lijia Chang
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yan Wei
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - Li Ma
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - Gerile Wuyun
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yaoyu Pu
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
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19
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Lee KSS, Ng JC, Yang J, Hwang SH, Morisseau C, Wagner K, Hammock BD. Preparation and evaluation of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors with improved physical properties and potencies for treating diabetic neuropathic pain. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115735. [PMID: 33007552 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), a novel therapeutic target for neuropathic pain, is a largely cytosolic enzyme that degrades epoxy-fatty acids (EpFAs), an important class of lipid signaling molecules. Many inhibitors of sEH have been reported, and to date, the 1,3-disubstituted urea has the highest affinity reported for the sEH among the central pharmacophores evaluated. An earlier somewhat water soluble sEH inhibitor taken to the clinic for blood pressure control had mediocre potency (both affinity and kinetics) and a short in vivo half-life. We undertook a study to overcome these difficulties, but the sEH inhibitors carrying a 1,3-disubstituted urea often suffer poor physical properties that hinder their formulation. In this report, we described new strategies to improve the physical properties of sEH inhibitors with a 1,3-disubstituted urea while maintaining their potency and drug-target residence time (a complementary in vitro parameter) against sEH. To our surprise, we identified two structural modifications that substantially improve the potency and physical properties of sEH inhibitors carrying a 1,3-disubstituted urea pharmacophore. Such improvements will greatly facilitate the movement of sEH inhibitors to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jen C Ng
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, One Shields Ave, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Jun Yang
- EicOsis Human Health, 140 B Street, Suite 5, Number 346, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Sung-Hee Hwang
- EicOsis Human Health, 140 B Street, Suite 5, Number 346, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, One Shields Ave, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Karen Wagner
- EicOsis Human Health, 140 B Street, Suite 5, Number 346, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Synthia LLC, Davis, CA 95616, United States; Department of Entomology and Nematology, One Shields Ave, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States; EicOsis Human Health, 140 B Street, Suite 5, Number 346, Davis, CA 95616, United States
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20
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Burmistrov V, Morisseau C, Karlov D, Pitushkin D, Vernigora A, Rasskazova E, Butov GM, Hammock BD. Bioisosteric substitution of adamantane with bicyclic lipophilic groups improves water solubility of human soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127430. [PMID: 32736212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of inhibitors of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) containing lipophilic groups of natural origin (camphanyl, norcamphanyl, furan-2-yl) were developed. Inhibitory potency ranging from 0.4 nM to 2.16 μM were obtained. While having the same level of inhibitory activity bicyclic ureas are up to 10-fold more soluble than the corresponding ureas containing adamantyl or 4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl substituents. This makes them easier to formulate, more bioavailable and thus more promising as therapeutic sEH inhibitors. Endo/exo-form of compound 2b derived from l-camphor is 14-fold more potent than the corresponding analogue derived from d-camphor (IC50 = 3.7 nM vs. 50.6 nM) indicating enantiomeric preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Burmistrov
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky 404121, Russia; School of Chemistry, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400131, Russia
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Dmitry Karlov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Moscow 143026, Russia; Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
| | - Dmitry Pitushkin
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky 404121, Russia; School of Chemistry, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400131, Russia
| | - Andrey Vernigora
- School of Chemistry, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400131, Russia
| | - Elena Rasskazova
- School of Chemistry, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400131, Russia
| | - Gennady M Butov
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky 404121, Russia
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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21
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Wagner KM, Gomes A, McReynolds CB, Hammock BD. Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Regulation of Lipid Mediators Limits Pain. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:900-916. [PMID: 32875445 PMCID: PMC7609775 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00916-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of lipids in pain signaling is well established and built on decades of knowledge about the pain and inflammation produced by prostaglandin and leukotriene metabolites of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase metabolism, respectively. The analgesic properties of other lipid metabolites are more recently coming to light. Lipid metabolites have been observed to act directly at ion channels and G protein-coupled receptors on nociceptive neurons as well as act indirectly at cellular membranes. Cytochrome P450 metabolism of specifically long-chain fatty acids forms epoxide metabolites, the epoxy-fatty acids (EpFA). The biological role of these metabolites has been found to mediate analgesia in several types of pain pathology. EpFA act through a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms to limit pain and inflammation including nuclear receptor agonism, limiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and blocking mitochondrial dysfunction. Small molecule inhibitors of the soluble epoxide hydrolase can stabilize the EpFA in vivo, and this approach has demonstrated relief in preclinical modeled pain pathology. Moreover, the ability to block neuroinflammation extends the potential benefit of targeting soluble epoxide hydrolase to maintain EpFA for neuroprotection in neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Aldrin Gomes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Cindy B McReynolds
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, 95616, USA.
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22
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Burmistrov V, Morisseau C, D'yachenko V, Karlov D, Butov GM, Hammock BD. Imidazolidine-2,4,5- and pirimidine-2,4,6-triones - New primary pharmacophore for soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors with enhanced water solubility. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:126908. [PMID: 31870649 PMCID: PMC6957307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of inhibitors of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) containing imidazolidine-2,4,5-trione or pirimidine-2,4,6-trione has been synthesized. Inhibition potency of the described compounds ranges from 8.4 μM to 0.4 nM. The tested compounds possess higher water solubility than their preceding ureas. Molecular docking indicates new bond between the triones and the active site of sEH that in part explain the observed potency of the new pharmacophores. While less potent than the corresponding ureas, the modifications of urea group reported herein yield compounds with higher water solubility, thus permitting easier formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Burmistrov
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky 404121, Russia
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Vladimir D'yachenko
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky 404121, Russia
| | - Dmitry Karlov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Moscow 143026, Russia; Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
| | - Gennady M Butov
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky 404121, Russia
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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23
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Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor mediated analgesia lacks tolerance in rat models. Brain Res 2019; 1728:146573. [PMID: 31790682 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Effectively treating chronic pain remains a therapeutic challenge in the clinic. Recent evidence has shown the inhibition of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to be an effective strategy to limit chronic pain in preclinical models, horses and companion animals. Determining the safety of sEH inhibition in addition to this demonstrated efficacy is a critical step to the further development of sEH inhibitors (sEHI) as analgesics. Here we describe a comparison of the sEHI TPPU with other first in class analgesics for human chronic pain. We assess the development of tolerance to the analgesia mediated by TPPU with extended use. We also assess for CNS effects by measuring changes in motor control and functioning. The sEHI are multimodal analgesics that have demonstrated potent efficacy against chronic pain. They have previously been tested and show no reward potential using operant methods. The results of the current experiments show that they lack motor function effects and also lack the development of tolerance with extended dosing.
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24
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Lee KSS, Yang J, Niu J, Ng CJ, Wagner KM, Dong H, Kodani SD, Wan D, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Drug-Target Residence Time Affects in Vivo Target Occupancy through Multiple Pathways. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:1614-1624. [PMID: 31572788 PMCID: PMC6764161 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b00770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The drug discovery and development process is greatly hampered by difficulties in translating in vitro potency to in vivo efficacy. Recent studies suggest that the long-neglected drug-target residence time parameter complements classical drug affinity parameters (K I, K d, IC50, or EC50) and is a better predictor of in vivo efficacy. Compounds with a long drug-target residence time are often more efficacious in vivo. The impact, however, of the drug-target residence time on in vivo efficacy remains controversial due to difficulties in experimentally determining the in vivo target occupancy during drug treatment. To tackle this problem, an in vivo displacement assay was developed using soluble epoxide hydrolase as a biological model. In this report, we experimentally demonstrated that drug-target residence time affects the duration of in vivo drug-target binding. In addition, the drug-target residence time plays an important role in modulating the rate of drug metabolism which also affects the efficacy of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Sing Stephen Lee
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 1355 Bogue Street, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Jun Yang
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jun Niu
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Connie J. Ng
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Karen M. Wagner
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Hua Dong
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Sean D. Kodani
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Debin Wan
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department
of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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25
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Hiesinger K, Kramer JS, Achenbach J, Moser D, Weber J, Wittmann SK, Morisseau C, Angioni C, Geisslinger G, Kahnt AS, Kaiser A, Proschak A, Steinhilber D, Pogoryelov D, Wagner K, Hammock BD, Proschak E. Computer-Aided Selective Optimization of Side Activities of Talinolol. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:899-903. [PMID: 31223445 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective optimization of side activities is a valuable source of novel lead structures in drug discovery. In this study, a computer-aided approach was used to deorphanize the pleiotropic cholesterol-lowering effects of the beta-blocker talinolol, which result from the inhibition of the enzyme soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). X-ray structure analysis of the sEH in complex with talinolol enables a straightforward optimization of inhibitory potency. The resulting lead structure exhibited in vivo activity in a rat model of diabetic neuropatic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Hiesinger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jan S. Kramer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Janosch Achenbach
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniel Moser
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julia Weber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sandra K. Wittmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Carlo Angioni
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, ZAFES, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, ZAFES, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Astrid S. Kahnt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Astrid Kaiser
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anna Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Denys Pogoryelov
- Institute of Biochemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Karen Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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26
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Burmistrov VV, Butov GM. Synthesis and Properties of N-[R-Adamantan-1(2)-yl]-N′-(2-fluorophenyl)ureas—Target-Oriented Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitors. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428018090063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Nandha B, Ramareddy SA, Kuntal H. Synthesis of substituted fluorobenzimidazoles as inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase and soluble epoxide hydrolase for anti-inflammatory activity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2018; 351:e1800030. [PMID: 29732612 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A new series of 4-((5-fluoro-6-(substituted)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-ylthio)methyl)-benzoic acids 4a-o and 2-(5-fluoro-6-(substituted)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-ylthio)-2-methylpropanoic acids 8a-e were synthesized, and their inhibitory potencies against soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) were investigated. These molecules were designed based on the combination of 5-LOX and sEH pharmacophores, resulting in hybrid analogs with potent sEH and 5-LOX inhibitory activity. Compound 4g showed remarkable activity with IC50 values of less than 1 μM (0.9 μM) against 5-LOX, while compound 4k displayed promising activity against sEH with IC50 ≤ 1 μM (0.7 μM). These compounds were evaluated for their in vivo potential using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema assay. Based on the obtained results, the structure-activity relationship was established and a correlation between the activities was observed. Compounds 4f, 4g, 4k, 4n, and 8e showed potent anti-inflammatory activity and significant inhibition of edema (64.13, 67.39, 66.30, 65.21, and 58.69%, respectively) at a dose of 100 mg/kg, comparable to the standard drug ibuprofen (70.65%) at 3 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nandha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vivekananda College of Pharmacy, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Sureshbabu A Ramareddy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KLE University's College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India
| | - Hazra Kuntal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharat Technology, Howrah, Banitabla, India
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28
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Tu R, Armstrong J, Lee KSS, Hammock BD, Sapirstein A, Koehler RC. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition decreases reperfusion injury after focal cerebral ischemia. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5279. [PMID: 29588470 PMCID: PMC5869703 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23504-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are produced by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases from arachidonic acid, and their rapid metabolism is mainly through soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). EETs exert vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and pro-angiogenic effects. Administration of sEH inhibitors before or at the onset of stroke is protective, but the effects of post-treatment at reperfusion, when inflammation is augmented, has not been as well studied. We tested the hypothesis that 1-Trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl)urea (TPPU), a potent and highly selective sEH inhibitor, suppresses inflammation and protects the brain when administered at reperfusion. Vehicle or 1 mg/kg TPPU was administered at reperfusion after 90 minutes of focal ischemia and again 24 hours later. Protein expression and activity of sEH increased after reperfusion and activity was decreased by TPPU administration. TPPU decreased infarct volume by 50%, reduced neurologic deficits and improved performance on sensorimotor tasks. Furthermore, TPPU significantly lowered the mRNA expression of interleukin-1beta by 3.5-fold and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by 2.2-fold, increased transforming growth factor-beta mRNA by 1.8-fold, and augmented immunostaining of vascular endothelial growth factor in peri-infarct cortex. Thus, inhibition of sEH at reperfusion significantly reduces infarction and improves sensorimotor function, possibly by suppressing early proinflammatory cytokines and promoting reparative cytokines and growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Tu
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jillian Armstrong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kin Sing Stephen Lee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Adam Sapirstein
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Raymond C Koehler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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29
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Swardfager W, Hennebelle M, Yu D, Hammock BD, Levitt AJ, Hashimoto K, Taha AY. Metabolic/inflammatory/vascular comorbidity in psychiatric disorders; soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) as a possible new target. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 87:56-66. [PMID: 29407524 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The common and severe psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD), are associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and changes in peripheral and brain lipid metabolism. Those pathways are implicated in the premature development of vascular and metabolic comorbidities, which account for considerable morbidity and mortality, including increased dementia risk. During endoplasmic reticulum stress, the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enzyme converts anti-inflammatory fatty acid epoxides generated by cytochrome p450 enzymes into their corresponding and generally less anti-inflammatory, or even pro-inflammatory, diols, slowing the resolution of inflammation. The sEH enzyme and its oxylipin products are elevated post-mortem in MDD, BD and schizophrenia. Preliminary clinical data suggest that oxylipins increase with symptoms in seasonal MDD and anorexia nervosa, requiring confirmation in larger studies and other cohorts. In rats, a soluble sEH inhibitor mitigated the development of depressive-like behaviors. We discuss sEH inhibitors under development for cardiovascular diseases, post-ischemic brain injury, neuropathic pain and diabetes, suggesting new possibilities to address the mood and cognitive symptoms of psychiatric disorders, and their most common comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Swardfager
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; University Health Network Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Canada.
| | - M Hennebelle
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - D Yu
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - B D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center UCDMC, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A J Levitt
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - K Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - A Y Taha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Kodani SD, Bhakta S, Hwang SH, Pakhomova S, Newcomer ME, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Identification and optimization of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors with dual potency towards fatty acid amide hydrolase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:762-768. [PMID: 29366648 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Multi-target inhibitors have become increasing popular as a means to leverage the advantages of poly-pharmacology while simplifying drug delivery. Here, we describe dual inhibitors for soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), two targets known to synergize when treating inflammatory and neuropathic pain. The structure activity relationship (SAR) study described herein initially started with t-TUCB (trans-4-[4-(3-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-l-ureido)-cyclohexyloxy]-benzoic acid), a potent sEH inhibitor that was previously shown to weakly inhibit FAAH. Inhibitors with a 6-fold increase of FAAH potency while maintaining high sEH potency were developed by optimization. Interestingly, compared to most FAAH inhibitors that inhibit through time-dependent covalent modification, t-TUCB and related compounds appear to inhibit FAAH through a time-independent, competitive mechanism. These inhibitors are selective for FAAH over other serine hydrolases. In addition, FAAH inhibition by t-TUCB appears to be higher in human FAAH over other species; however, the new dual sEH/FAAH inhibitors have improved cross-species potency. These dual inhibitors may be useful for future studies in understanding the therapeutic application of dual sEH/FAAH inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean D Kodani
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Saavan Bhakta
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Svetlana Pakhomova
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70809, United States
| | - Marcia E Newcomer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70809, United States
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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Guedes AGP, Aristizabal F, Sole A, Adedeji A, Brosnan R, Knych H, Yang J, Hwang SH, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Pharmacokinetics and antinociceptive effects of the soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor t-TUCB in horses with experimentally induced radiocarpal synovitis. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2017; 41:230-238. [PMID: 29067696 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study determined the pharmacokinetics, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory effects of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor t-TUCB (trans-4-{4-[3-(4-Trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-ureido]-cyclohexyloxy}-benzoic acid) in horses with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced radiocarpal synovitis. A total of seven adult healthy mares (n = 4-6/treatment) were administered 3 μg LPS into one radiocarpal joint and t-TUCB intravenously (i.v.) at 0 (control), 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg in a blinded, randomized, crossover design with at least 3 weeks washout between. Two investigators independently assigned pain scores (at rest, walk and trot) and lameness scores before and up to 48 hr after t-TUCB/LPS. Responses to touching the joint skin to assess tactile allodynia, plasma, and synovial fluid (SF) t-TUCB concentrations were determined before and up to 48 hr after t-TUCB/LPS. Blood and SF were collected for clinical laboratory evaluations before and up to 48 hr after t-TUCB/LPS. Areas under the curves of pain and lameness scores were calculated and compared between control and treatments. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with Dunnett or Bonferroni post-test. p < .05 was considered significant. Data are mean ± SEM. Compared to control, pain, lameness, and tactile allodynia were significantly lower with 1 mg/kg t-TUCB, but not the other doses. For 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg t-TUCB treatments, plasma terminal half-lives were 13 ± 3, 13 ± 0.5, and 24 ± 5 hr, and clearances were 68 ± 15, 48 ± 5, and 14 ± 1 ml hr-1 kg-1 . The 1 mg/kg t-TUCB reached the SF at high concentrations. There were no important anti-inflammatory effects. In conclusion, sEH inhibition with t-TUCB may provide analgesia in horses with inflammatory joint pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G P Guedes
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - F Aristizabal
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A Sole
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A Adedeji
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - R Brosnan
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - H Knych
- K. L. Maddy Equine Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - J Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - S-H Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - C Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - B D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Synthesis and diabetic neuropathic pain-alleviating effects of 2N-(pyrazol-3-yl)methylbenzo[d]isothiazole-1,1-dioxide derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4677-4685. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Wagner KM, McReynolds CB, Schmidt WK, Hammock BD. Soluble epoxide hydrolase as a therapeutic target for pain, inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2017. [PMID: 28642117 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Eicosanoids are biologically active lipid signaling molecules derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids. Many of the actions of eicosanoid metabolites formed by cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes have been characterized, however, the epoxy-fatty acids (EpFAs) formed by cytochrome P450 enzymes are newly described by comparison. The EpFA metabolites modulate a diverse set of physiologic functions that include inflammation and nociception among others. Regulation of EpFAs occurs primarily via release, biosynthesis and enzymatic transformation by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Targeting sEH with small molecule inhibitors has enabled observation of the biological activity of the EpFAs in vivo in animal models, greatly contributing to the overall understanding of their role in the inflammatory response. Their role in modulating inflammation has been demonstrated in disease models including cardiovascular pathology and inflammatory pain, but extends to neuroinflammation and neuroinflammatory disease. Moreover, while EpFAs demonstrate activity against inflammatory pain, interestingly, this action extends to blocking chronic neuropathic pain as well. This review outlines the role of modulating sEH and the biological action of EpFAs in models of pain and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Cindy B McReynolds
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | | | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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Abstract
There has been great progress in the understanding of basic neurobiologic mechanisms of pain, but this body of knowledge has not yet translated into new and improved analgesics. Progress has been made regarding pain assessment in horses, but more work is needed until sensitive and accurate pain assessment tools are available for use in clinical practice. This review summarizes and updates the knowledge concerning the cornerstones of pain medicine (understand, assess, prevent, and treat). It highlights the importance of understanding pain mechanisms and expressions to enable a rational approach to pain assessment, prevention, and management in the equine patient.
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Wagner K, Lee KSS, Yang J, Hammock BD. Epoxy fatty acids mediate analgesia in murine diabetic neuropathy. Eur J Pain 2016; 21:456-465. [PMID: 27634339 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain is a debilitating condition with no adequate therapy. The health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids are established, however, the role of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in limiting pain has only recently been described and the mechanisms of this action remain unknown. DHA is metabolized into epoxydocosapentanoic acids (EDPs) via cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes which are substrates for the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enzyme. Here, we tested several hypotheses; first, that the antinociceptive action of DHA is mediated by the EDPs. Second, based on evidence that DHA and CYP450 metabolites elicit analgesia through opioid signalling, we investigated this as a possible mechanism of action. Third, we tested whether the analgesia mediated by epoxy fatty acids had similar rewarding effects as opioid analgesics. METHODS We tested diabetic neuropathic wild-type and sEH null mice in a conditioned place preference assay for their response to EDPs, sEHI and antagonism of these treatments with naloxone, a mu-opioid receptor antagonist. RESULTS The EDPs and sEH inhibitors were efficacious against chronic pain, and naloxone antagonized the action of both EDPs and sEH inhibitors. Despite this antagonism, the sEH inhibitors lacked reward side effects differing from opioids. CONCLUSIONS The EpFA are analgesic against chronic pain differing from opioids which have limited efficacy in chronic conditions. SIGNIFICANCE EDPs and sEHI mediate analgesia in modelled chronic pain and this analgesia is blocked by naloxone. However, unlike opioids, sEHI are highly effective in neuropathic pain models and importantly lack rewarding side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, USA
| | - K S S Lee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, USA
| | - J Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, USA
| | - B D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, USA
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Guedes A, Galuppo L, Hood D, Hwang SH, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Soluble epoxide hydrolase activity and pharmacologic inhibition in horses with chronic severe laminitis. Equine Vet J 2016; 49:345-351. [PMID: 27338788 DOI: 10.1111/evj.12603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The roles of soluble epoxide hydrolase and lipid mediators in inflammatory and neuropathic pain could be relevant in laminitis pain management. OBJECTIVES To determine soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) activity in the digital laminae, sEH inhibitor potency in vitro, and efficacy of a sEH inhibitor as an adjunct analgesic therapy in chronic laminitic horses. STUDY DESIGN In vitro experiments and clinical case series. METHODS sEH activity was measured in digital laminae from euthanised healthy and laminitic horses (n = 5-6/group). Potency of 7 synthetic sEH inhibitors was determined in vitro using equine liver cytosol. One of them (t-TUCB; 0.1 mg/kg bwt i.v. every 24 h) was selected based on potency and stability, and used as adjunct therapy in 10 horses with severe chronic laminitis (Obel grades 2, one horse; 3-4, nine horses). Daily assessments of forelimb lifts, pain scores, physiologic and laboratory examinations were performed before (baseline) and during t-TUCB treatment. Data are presented as mean ± s.d. and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS sEH activity in the digital laminae from laminitic horses (0.9±0.6 nmol/min/mg; 95% CI 0.16-1.55 nmol/min/mg) was significantly greater (P = 0.01) than in healthy horses (0.17±0.09 nmol/min/mg; CI 0.07-0.26 nmol/min/mg). t-TUCB as an adjunct analgesic up to 10 days (4.3±3 days) in laminitic horses was associated with significant reduction in forelimb lifts (36±22%; 95% CI 9-64%) and in pain scores (18±23%; 95% CI 2-35%) compared with baseline (P = 0.04). One horse developed gas colic and another corneal vascularisation in a blind eye during treatment. No other significant changes were observed. MAIN LIMITATIONS Absence of control group and evaluator blinding in case series. CONCLUSIONS sEH activity is significantly higher in the digital laminae of actively laminitic compared with healthy horses, and use of a potent inhibitor of equine sEH as adjunct analgesic therapy appears to decrease signs of pathologic pain in laminitic horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guedes
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, USA.,Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - L Galuppo
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - D Hood
- The Hoof Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Clinic, Bryan, Texas, USA
| | - S H Hwang
- Department Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - C Morisseau
- Department Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - B D Hammock
- Department Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, USA
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Abstract
Resolution of inflammation has emerged as an active process in immunobiology, with cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system being critical in mediating efferocytosis and wound debridement and bridging the gap between innate and adaptive immunity. Here we investigated the roles of cytochrome P450 (CYP)-derived epoxy-oxylipins in a well-characterized model of sterile resolving peritonitis in the mouse. Epoxy-oxylipins were produced in a biphasic manner during the peaks of acute (4 h) and resolution phases (24-48 h) of the response. The epoxygenase inhibitor SKF525A (epoxI) given at 24 h selectively inhibited arachidonic acid- and linoleic acid-derived CYP450-epoxy-oxlipins and resulted in a dramatic influx in monocytes. The epoxI-recruited monocytes were strongly GR1(+), Ly6c(hi), CCR2(hi), CCL2(hi), and CX3CR1(lo) In addition, expression of F4/80 and the recruitment of T cells, B cells, and dendritic cells were suppressed. sEH (Ephx2)(-/-) mice, which have elevated epoxy-oxylipins, demonstrated opposing effects to epoxI-treated mice: reduced Ly6c(hi) monocytes and elevated F4/80(hi) macrophages and B, T, and dendritic cells. Ly6c(hi) and Ly6c(lo) monocytes, resident macrophages, and recruited dendritic cells all showed a dramatic change in their resolution signature following in vivo epoxI treatment. Markers of macrophage differentiation CD11b, MerTK, and CD103 were reduced, and monocyte-derived macrophages and resident macrophages ex vivo showed greatly impaired phagocytosis of zymosan and efferocytosis of apoptotic thymocytes following epoxI treatment. These findings demonstrate that epoxy-oxylipins have a critical role in monocyte lineage recruitment and activity to promote inflammatory resolution and represent a previously unidentified internal regulatory system governing the establishment of adaptive immunity.
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Attenuation of neuropathic pain and neuroinflammatory responses by a pyranocoumarin derivative, anomalin in animal and cellular models. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 774:95-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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McLellan GJ, Aktas Z, Hennes-Beean E, Kolb AW, Larsen IV, Schmitz EJ, Clausius HR, Yang J, Hwang SH, Morisseau C, Inceoglu B, Hammock BD, Brandt CR. Effect of a Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitor, UC1728, on LPS-Induced Uveitis in the Rabbit. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 4. [PMID: 28066796 PMCID: PMC5218821 DOI: 10.13188/2334-2838.1000024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 epoxygenase isozymes convert free arachidonic acid into eicosanoids named epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) that have roles in regulating inflammation. EETs are rapidly converted to dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DiHETs) by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Little is known about the potential role of these metabolites in uveitis, but conversion of EETs to DiHETs could contribute to the inflammation. We tested a potent and orally available inhibitor of sEH for its ability to reduce ocular inflammation in a rabbit LPS-induced model of uveitis. Rabbits were treated by subcutaneous injection with the sEH inhibitor (UC1728, 3 mg/kg), or the vehicle control (PEG400) and uveitis was assessed at 6, 24 and 48 h post-intracameral LPS injection using a modified Hackett-McDonald scoring system. Eyes treated by intra-cameral injection of PBS, or by aseptic preparation served as further controls. Signs of inflammation in this model were mild and transient. Treatment with UC1728 did not significantly reduce inflammation compared to animals treated with the PEG400 vehicle. Blood levels of UC1728 were a thousand fold higher than the in vitro determined inhibitory potency (IC50) of the compound suggesting a significant degree of inhibition of sEH in the rabbit. The lack of efficacy suggests that sEH or its substrates the EETs may not be involved in mediating inflammation in this model of uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian J McLellan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Comparative Ophthalmic Research Laboratories, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Zeynep Aktas
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Surgical Sciences, Gazi University, Turkey
| | - Elizabeth Hennes-Beean
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Aaron W Kolb
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Inna V Larsen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Emily J Schmitz
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Hilary R Clausius
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bora Inceoglu
- Department of Entomology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Curtis R Brandt
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Comparative Ophthalmic Research Laboratories, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Liu JY, Tsai HJ, Morisseau C, Lango J, Hwang SH, Watanabe T, Kim IH, Hammock BD. In vitro and in vivo metabolism of N-adamantyl substituted urea-based soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 98:718-31. [PMID: 26494425 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
N,N'-disubstituted urea-based soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitors are promising therapeutics for hypertension, inflammation, and pain in multiple animal models. The drug absorption and pharmacological efficacy of these inhibitors have been reported extensively. However, the drug metabolism of these inhibitors is not well described. Here we reported the metabolic profile and associated biochemical studies of an N-adamantyl urea-based sEH inhibitor 1-adamantan-1-yl-3-(5-(2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethoxy)pentyl)urea (AEPU) in vitro and in vivo. The metabolites of AEPU were identified by interpretation of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and/or NMR. In vitro, AEPU had three major positions for phase I metabolism including oxidations on the adamantyl moiety, urea nitrogen atoms, and cleavage of the polyethylene glycol chain. In a rodent model, the metabolites from the hydroxylation on the adamantyl group and nitrogen atom were existed in blood while the metabolites from cleavage of polyethylene glycol chain were not found in urine. The major metabolite found in rodent urine was 3-(3-adamantyl-ureido)-propanoic acid, a presumably from cleavage and oxidation of the polyethylene glycol moiety. All the metabolites found were active but less potent than AEPU at inhibiting human sEH. Furthermore, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 was found to be a major enzyme mediating AEPU metabolism. In conclusion, the metabolism of AEPU resulted from oxidation by CYP could be shared with other N-adamantyl-urea-based compounds. These findings suggest possible therapeutic roles for AEPU and new strategies for drug design in this series of possible drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yan Liu
- Center for Nephrology and Clinical Metabolomics, Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 210072, PR China; Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hsing-Ju Tsai
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jozsef Lango
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Takaho Watanabe
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - In-Hae Kim
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Hough LB, Nalwalk JW, Ding X, Scheer N. Opioid Analgesia in P450 Gene Cluster Knockout Mice: A Search for Analgesia-Relevant Isoforms. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 43:1326-30. [PMID: 26109562 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.065490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), which are well-known drug-metabolizing enzymes, are thought to play a signal transduction role in µ opioid analgesia and may serve as high-affinity (3)H-cimetidine ((3)HCIM) binding sites in the brain. (3)HCIM binding sites may also be related to opioid or nonopioid analgesia. However, of the more than 100 murine P450 enzymes, the specific isoform(s) responsible for either function have not been identified. Presently, three lines of constitutive P450 gene cluster knockout (KO) mice with full-length deletions of 14 Cyp2c, 9 Cyp2d, and 7 Cyp3a genes were studied for deficiencies in (3)HCIM binding and for opioid analgesia. Liver and brain homogenates from all three genotypes showed normal (3)HCIM binding values, indicating that gene products of Cyp2d, Cyp3a, and Cyp2c are not (3)HCIM-binding proteins. Cyp2d KO and Cyp3a KO mice showed normal antinociceptive responses to a moderate systemic dose of morphine (20 mg/kg, s.c.), thereby excluding 16 P450 isoforms as mediators of opioid analgesia. In contrast, Cyp2c KO mice showed a 41% reduction in analgesic responses following systemically (s.c.) administered morphine. However, the significance of brain Cyp2c gene products in opioid analgesia is uncertain because little or no analgesic deficits were noted in Cyp2c KO mice following intracerebroventricular or intrathecalmorphine administration, respectively. These results show that the gene products of Cyp2d and Cyp3a do not contribute to µ opioid analgesia in the central nervous system. A possible role for Cyp2c gene products in opioid analgesia requires further consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay B Hough
- Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York (L.B.H., J.W.N.); College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, New York (X.D.); and Taconic Biosciences GmbH, Cologne, Germany (N.S.)
| | - Julia W Nalwalk
- Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York (L.B.H., J.W.N.); College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, New York (X.D.); and Taconic Biosciences GmbH, Cologne, Germany (N.S.)
| | - Xinxin Ding
- Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York (L.B.H., J.W.N.); College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, New York (X.D.); and Taconic Biosciences GmbH, Cologne, Germany (N.S.)
| | - Nico Scheer
- Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York (L.B.H., J.W.N.); College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, New York (X.D.); and Taconic Biosciences GmbH, Cologne, Germany (N.S.)
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Juárez-Rojop IE, Morales-Hernández PE, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Bermúdez-Ocaña DY, Torres-Lopez JE, Ble-Castillo JL, Díaz-Zagoya JC, Granados-Soto V. Celecoxib reduces hyperalgesia and tactile allodynia in diabetic rats. Pharmacol Rep 2015; 67:545-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Hough LB, Nalwalk JW, Yang W, Ding X. Neuronal cytochrome P450 activity and opioid analgesia: relevant sites and mechanisms. Brain Res 2015; 1616:10-8. [PMID: 25935691 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest a functional role for neuronal cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) activity in opioid analgesia. To characterize the relevant receptors, brain areas, and circuits, detailed in vitro and in vivo studies were performed with the highly selective μ opioid receptor agonist DAMGO in neuronal P450-deficient mutant (Null) and control mice. Homogenates of brain regions and spinal cord showed no differences in DAMGO-induced activation of [(35)S]- GTPγS binding between Null and control mice, indicating no genotype differences in µ opioid receptor signaling, receptor affinities or receptor densities. Intracerebroventricular (icv) DAMGO produced robust, near-maximal, analgesic responses in control mice which were attenuated by 50% in Null mice, confirming a role for µ opioid receptors in activating P450-associated responses. Intra-periaqueductal gray (PAG) and intra-rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) injections of DAMGO revealed deficits in Null (vs. control) analgesic responses, yet no such genotype differences were observed after intrathecal DAMGO administration. Taken with earlier published findings, the present results suggest that activation of µ opioid receptors in both the PAG and in the RVM relieves pain by mechanisms which include nerve-terminal P450 enzymes within inhibitory PAG-RVM projections. Spinal opioid analgesia, however, does not seem to require such P450 enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay B Hough
- Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Julia W Nalwalk
- Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Weizhu Yang
- College of Nanoscale Science, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Xinxin Ding
- College of Nanoscale Science, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, NY, USA
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44
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Peripheral FAAH and soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors are synergistically antinociceptive. Pharmacol Res 2015; 97:7-15. [PMID: 25882247 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We need better medicines to control acute and chronic pain. Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) catalyze the deactivating hydrolysis of two classes of bioactive lipid mediators--fatty acid ethanolamides (FAEs) and epoxidized fatty acids (EpFAs), respectively--which are biogenetically distinct but share the ability to attenuate pain responses and inflammation. In these experiments, we evaluated the antihyperalgesic activity of small-molecule inhibitors of FAAH and sEH, administered alone or in combination, in two pain models: carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia in mice and streptozocin-induced allodynia in rats. When administered separately, the sEH inhibitor 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidine-4-yl)urea (TPPU) and the peripherally restricted FAAH inhibitor URB937 were highly active in the two models. The combination TPPU plus URB937 was markedly synergistic, as assessed using isobolographic analyses. The results of these experiments reveal the existence of a possible functional crosstalk between FAEs and EpFAs in regulating pain responses. Additionally, the results suggest that combinations of sEH and FAAH inhibitors might be exploited therapeutically to achieve greater analgesic efficacy.
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Fleming I. The Pharmacology of the Cytochrome P450 Epoxygenase/Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Axis in the Vasculature and Cardiovascular Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2014; 66:1106-40. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.007781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Wagner K, Vito S, Inceoglu B, Hammock BD. The role of long chain fatty acids and their epoxide metabolites in nociceptive signaling. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2014; 113-115:2-12. [PMID: 25240260 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipid derived mediators contribute to inflammation and the sensing of pain. The contributions of omega-6 derived prostanoids in enhancing inflammation and pain sensation are well known. Less well explored are the opposing anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the omega-6 derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Far less has been described about the epoxidized metabolites derived from omega-3 long chain fatty acids. The epoxide metabolites are turned over rapidly with enzymatic hydrolysis by the soluble epoxide hydrolase being the major elimination pathway. Despite this, the overall understanding of the role of lipid mediators in the pathology of chronic pain is growing. Here, we review the role of long chain fatty acids and their metabolites in alleviating both acute and chronic pain conditions. We focus specifically on the epoxidized metabolites of omega-6 and omega-3 long chain fatty acids as well as a novel strategy to modulate their activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Wagner
- Department of Entomology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Steve Vito
- Department of Entomology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Bora Inceoglu
- Department of Entomology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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Hough LB, Nalwalk JW, Yang W, Ding X. Significance of neuronal cytochrome P450 activity in opioid-mediated stress-induced analgesia. Brain Res 2014; 1578:30-7. [PMID: 25020125 PMCID: PMC4143908 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Stressful environmental changes can suppress nociceptive transmission, a phenomenon known as "stress-induced analgesia". Depending on the stressor and the subject, opioid or non-opioid mechanisms are activated. Brain μ opioid receptors mediate analgesia evoked either by exogenous agents (e.g. morphine), or by the release of endogenous opioids following stressful procedures. Recent work with morphine and neuronal cytochrome P450 (P450)-deficient mice proposed a signal transduction role for P450 enzymes in µ analgesia. Since µ opioid receptors also mediate some forms of stress-induced analgesia, the present studies assessed the significance of brain P450 activity in opioid-mediated stress-induced analgesia. Two widely-used models of opioid stress-induced analgesia (restraint and warm water swim) were studied in both sexes of wild-type control and P450-deficient (Null) mice. In control mice, both stressors evoked moderate analgesic responses which were blocked by pretreatment with the opioid antagonist naltrexone, confirming the opioid nature of these responses. Consistent with literature, sex differences (control female>control male) were seen in swim-induced, but not restraint-induced, analgesia. Null mice showed differential responses to the two stress paradigms. As compared with control subjects, Null mice showed highly attenuated restraint-induced analgesia, showing a critical role for neuronal P450s in this response. However, warm water swim-induced analgesia was unchanged in Null vs. control mice. Additional control experiments confirmed the absence of morphine analgesia in Null mice. These results are the first to show that some forms of opioid-mediated stress-induced analgesia require brain neuronal P450 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay B Hough
- Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Julia W Nalwalk
- Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Weizhu Yang
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Xinxin Ding
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
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Lee KSS, Liu JY, Wagner KM, Pakhomova S, Dong H, Morisseau C, Fu SH, Yang J, Wang P, Ulu A, Mate CA, Nguyen LV, Hwang SH, Edin ML, Mara AA, Wulff H, Newcomer ME, Zeldin DC, Hammock BD. Optimized inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase improve in vitro target residence time and in vivo efficacy. J Med Chem 2014; 57:7016-30. [PMID: 25079952 PMCID: PMC4148150 DOI: 10.1021/jm500694p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Diabetes
is affecting the life of millions of people. A large proportion
of diabetic patients suffer from severe complications such as neuropathic
pain, and current treatments for these complications have deleterious
side effects. Thus, alternate therapeutic strategies are needed. Recently,
the elevation of epoxy-fatty acids through inhibition of soluble epoxide
hydrolase (sEH) was shown to reduce diabetic neuropathic pain in rodents.
In this report, we describe a series of newly synthesized sEH inhibitors
with at least 5-fold higher potency and doubled residence time inside
both the human and rodent sEH enzyme than previously reported inhibitors.
These inhibitors also have better physical properties and optimized
pharmacokinetic profiles. The optimized inhibitor selected from this
new series displayed improved efficacy of almost 10-fold in relieving
pain perception in diabetic neuropathic rats as compared to the approved
drug, gabapentin, and previously published sEH inhibitors. Therefore,
these new sEH inhibitors could be an attractive alternative to treat
diabetic neuropathy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Sing Stephen Lee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Hough LB, Nalwalk JW, Cleary RA, Phillips JG, Fang C, Yang W, Ding X. Deficits in neuronal cytochrome P450 activity attenuate opioid analgesia but not opioid side effects. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 740:255-62. [PMID: 25062792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Morphine-like analgesics act on µ opioid receptors in the CNS to produce highly effective pain relief, but the same class of receptors also mediates non-therapeutic side effects. The analgesic properties of morphine were recently shown to require the activity of a brain neuronal cytochrome P450 epoxygenase, but the significance of this pathway for opioid side effects is unknown. Here we show that brain P450 activity is not required for three of morphine׳s major side effects (respiratory depression, constipation, and locomotor stimulation). Following systemic or intracerebroventricular administration of morphine, transgenic mice with brain neuron - specific reductions in P450 activity showed highly attenuated analgesic responses as compared with wild-type (control) mice. However, brain P450-deficient mice showed normal morphine-induced side effects (respiratory depression, locomotor stimulation, and inhibition of intestinal motility). Pretreatment of control mice with the P450 inhibitor CC12 similarly reduced the analgesia, but not these side effects of morphine. Because activation of brain µ opioid receptors produces both opioid analgesia and opioid side effects, dissociation of the mechanisms for the therapeutic and therapy-limiting effects of opioids has important consequences for the development of analgesics with reduced side effects and/or limited addiction liability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay B Hough
- Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Julia W Nalwalk
- Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Rachel A Cleary
- Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | | | - Cheng Fang
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Weizhu Yang
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Xinxin Ding
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
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Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition is antinociceptive in a mouse model of diabetic neuropathy. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2014; 15:907-14. [PMID: 24924124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Neuropathic pain is currently an insufficiently treated clinical condition. There remains a critical need for efficacious therapies without severe side effects to treat the uniquely persistent and tonic pain of neuropathy. Inhibitors of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enzyme that stabilize endogenous epoxy fatty acids have demonstrated antihyperalgesia in clinical chronic inflammatory pain and modeled neuropathic pain. Recently, the conditioned place preference assay has been used to evaluate the tonic nature of neuropathy in several animal models. The current experiments use the conditioned place preference assay alongside withdrawal thresholds to investigate the antihyperalgesic efficacy of sEH inhibitors in a murine model of diabetic neuropathy. Here, the sEH inhibitor trans-4-[4-(3-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-1-ureido)-cyclohexyloxy]-benzoic acid (t-TUCB) at 10 mg/kg induced a robust place preference in diabetic neuropathic mice representative of pain relief. Importantly, this effect was absent both in control mice and in sEH-knockout mice at the same dose, indicating that t-TUCB is not positively reinforcing or rewarding. When compared to gabapentin, t-TUCB elicited a similar degree of withdrawal threshold improvement without the same degree of spontaneous locomotion decline in neuropathic mice. Overall, these experiments show that inhibiting the sEH enzyme attenuates chronic pain and offers an alternative to current side-effect-limited therapies to meet this clinical need. PERSPECTIVE These experiments demonstrate antihyperalgesia in a murine chronic pain model mediated by inhibiting the sEH enzyme. The results of this study indicate that inhibiting the sEH is a promising alternative for blocking chronic pain.
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