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de Haas P, de Jonge MI, Koenen HJPM, Joosten B, Janssen MCH, de Boer L, Hendriks WJAJ, Lefeber DJ, Cambi A. Evaluation of Cell Models to Study Monocyte Functions in PMM2 Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:869031. [PMID: 35603178 PMCID: PMC9121068 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.869031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are inherited metabolic diseases characterized by mutations in enzymes involved in different steps of protein glycosylation, leading to aberrant synthesis, attachment or processing of glycans. Recently, immunological dysfunctions in several CDG types have been increasingly documented. Despite these observations, detailed studies on immune cell dysfunction in PMM2-CDG and other CDG types are still scarce. Studying PMM2-CDG patient immune cells is challenging due to limited availability of patient material, which is a result of the low incidence of the disease and the often young age of the subjects. Dedicated immune cell models, mimicking PMM2-CDG, could circumvent many of these problems and facilitate research into the mechanisms of immune dysfunction. Here we provide initial observations about the immunophenotype and the phagocytic function of primary PMM2-CDG monocytes. Furthermore, we assessed the suitability of two different glycosylation-impaired human monocyte models: tunicamycin-treated THP-1 monocytes and PMM2 knockdown THP-1 monocytes induced by shRNAs. We found no significant differences in primary monocyte subpopulations of PMM2-CDG patients as compared to healthy individuals but we did observe anomalous surface glycosylation patterns in PMM2-CDG patient monocytes as determined using fluorescent lectin binding. We also looked at the capacity of monocytes to bind and internalize fungal particles and found a slightly increased uptake of C. albicans by PMM2-CDG monocytes as compared to healthy monocytes. Tunicamycin-treated THP-1 monocytes showed a highly decreased uptake of fungal particles, accompanied by a strong decrease in glycosylation levels and a high induction of ER stress. In contrast and despite a drastic reduction of the PMM2 enzyme activity, PMM2 knockdown THP-1 monocytes showed no changes in global surface glycosylation levels, levels of fungal particle uptake similar to control monocytes, and no ER stress induction. Collectively, these initial observations suggest that the absence of ER stress in PMM2 knockdown THP-1 cells make this model superior over tunicamycin-treated THP-1 cells and more comparable to primary PMM2-CDG monocytes. Further development and exploitation of CDG monocyte models will be essential for future in-depth studies to ultimately unravel the mechanisms of immune dysfunction in CDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola de Haas
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marien I. de Jonge
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Hans J. P. M. Koenen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ben Joosten
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mirian C. H. Janssen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Lonneke de Boer
- Department of Paediatrics, Radboudumc Amalia Children’s Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Wiljan J. A. J. Hendriks
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Dirk J. Lefeber
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Cambi
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Alessandra Cambi,
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Kubra KT, Uddin MA, Barabutis N. Tunicamycin Protects against LPS-Induced Lung Injury. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020134. [PMID: 35215247 PMCID: PMC8876572 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The pulmonary endothelium is a dynamic semipermeable barrier that orchestrates tissue-fluid homeostasis; regulating physiological and immunological responses. Endothelial abnormalities are caused by inflammatory stimuli interacting with intracellular messengers to remodel cytoskeletal junctions and adhesion proteins. Those phenomena are associated with sepsis, acute lung injury, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The molecular processes beyond those responses are the main interest of our group. Unfolded protein response (UPR) is a highly conserved molecular pathway resolving protein-folding defects to counteract cellular threats. An emerging body of evidence suggests that UPR is a promising target against lung and cardiovascular disease. In the present study, we reveal that Tunicamycin (TM) (UPR inducer) protects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced injury. The barrier function of the inflamed endothelium was evaluated in vitro (transendothelial and paracellular permeability); as well as in mice exposed to TM after LPS. Our study demonstrates that TM supports vascular barrier function by modulating actomyosin remodeling. Moreover, it reduces the internalization of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin), enhancing endothelial integrity. We suggest that UPR activation may deliver novel therapeutic opportunities in diseases related to endothelial dysregulation.
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Fang T, Yao Y, Tian G, Chen D, Wu A, He J, Zheng P, Mao X, Yu J, Luo Y, Luo J, Huang Z, Yan H, Yu B. Chitosan oligosaccharide attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated intestinal apoptosis via the Akt/mTOR pathway. Food Funct 2021; 12:8647-8658. [PMID: 34346452 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01234g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and apoptosis are widely considered as essential factors associated with intestinal disorders, whereas nutritional therapeutic approaches targeting ERS may control disease activity. Thus, we focus on the potential benefit of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on repressing ERS and ERS-induced apoptosis. In this study, we used the ERS model with tunicamycin (TM)-induced IPEC-J2 cells in vitro and nutrient deprivation-induced ERS in piglets to evaluate the protective mechanism of COS against ERS and ERS-induced apoptosis. The results showed that cells were characterized by activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and increased epithelial apoptosis upon exposure to TM. However, these changes were significantly attenuated by COS and the expressions of Akt and mTORC1 were inhibited. Furthermore, a specific inhibitor of mTOR confirmed the suppression of Akt and reduced the activation of the UPR and apoptosis. In vivo, COS protected against nutrient deprivation-induced ERS in the jejunum of piglets, in which the overexpression of the UPR and apoptosis was rescued. Consistently, COS attenuated nutrient deprivation-induced disruption of intestinal barrier integrity and functional capacity. Together, we provided the first evidence that COS could protect against intestinal apoptosis through alleviating severe ERS, which may be related to the inhibition of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ying Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Gang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Aimin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Hui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
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Tunicamycin-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Promotes Breast Cancer Cell MDA-MB-231 Apoptosis through Inhibiting Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:6394514. [PMID: 34336161 PMCID: PMC8298165 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6394514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has significantly threatened human health. Many aspects of TNBC are closely related to Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and cell apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) in TNBC may act as a potential target of non-chemotherapy treatment. However, how ER stress interacts with this pathway in TNBC has not yet been understood. Here, the tunicamycin and LiCl have been applied to MDA-MB-231. The related proteins' expression was measured by western blotting. Moreover, acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining was applied to test the apoptosis degree of the cells, and cell viability was tested by MTT experiment. Then, we found the ER stress and apoptosis degree of MDA-MB-231 were induced after treatment with tunicamycin. Besides, tunicamycin dose dependently inhibited both Wnt/β-catenin pathway and cells viability. Licl, an activator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, could significantly inhibit cell apoptosis. In conclusion, our study found that the activation of ER stress could promote the MDA-MB-231 apoptosis by repressing Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which provides some promising prospects and basic mechanism to the further research.
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Yang D, Yang L, Cai J, Hu X, Li H, Zhang X, Zhang X, Chen X, Dong H, Nie H, Li Y. A sweet spot for macrophages: Focusing on polarization. Pharmacol Res 2021; 167:105576. [PMID: 33771700 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are a type of functionally plastic cells that can create a pro-/anti-inflammatory microenvironment for organs by producing different kinds of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors to regulate immunity and inflammatory responses. In addition, they can also be induced to adopt different phenotypes in response to extracellular and intracellular signals, a process defined as M1/M2 polarization. Growing evidence indicates that glycobiology is closely associated with this polarization process. In this research, we review studies of the roles of glycosylation, glucose metabolism, and key lectins in the regulation of macrophages function and polarization to provide a new perspective for immunotherapies for multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Depeng Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Jialing Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Xibo Hu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Huaxin Li
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Xinghe Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Haiyang Dong
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Huan Nie
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
| | - Yu Li
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
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Maeda K, Tasaki M, Ando Y, Ohtsubo K. Galectin-lattice sustains function of cationic amino acid transporter and insulin secretion of pancreatic β cells. J Biochem 2021; 167:587-596. [PMID: 31960919 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of cell surface residency and function of glycoproteins by lectins are essential for regulating cellular functions. Galectins are β-galactoside-binding lectins and form a galectin-lattice, which regulates stability, clustering, membrane sub-domain localization and endocytosis of plasmalemmal glycoproteins. We have previously reported that galectin-2 (Gal-2) forms a complex with cationic amino acid transporter 3 (CAT3) in pancreatic β cells, although the biological significance of the molecular interaction between Gal-2 and CAT3 has not been elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that the structure of N-glycan of CAT3 was either tetra- or tri-antennary branch structure carrying β-galactosides, which works as galectin-ligands. Indeed, CAT3 bound to Gal-2 using β-galactoside epitope. Moreover, the disruption of the glycan-mediated bindings between galectins and CAT3 significantly reduced cell surface expression levels of CAT3. The reduced cell surface residency of CAT3 attenuated the cellular arginine uptake activities and subsequently reduced nitric oxide production, and thus impaired the arginine-stimulated insulin secretion of pancreatic β cells. These results indicate that galectin-lattice stabilizes CAT3 by preventing endocytosis to sustain the arginine-stimulated insulin secretion of pancreatic β cells. This provides a novel cell biological insight into the endocrinological mechanism of nutrition metabolism and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Maeda
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry;, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kumamoto University, 4-24-1 Kuhonji, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tasaki
- Department of Morphological and Physiological Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kumamoto University, 4-24-1 Kuhonji, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Yukio Ando
- Depatment of Amyloidosis Research, Nagasaki International University, Nagasaki 859-3243, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Ohtsubo
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry;, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kumamoto University, 4-24-1 Kuhonji, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan.,Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 4-24-1 Kuhonji, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
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Cheng ZY, Sun X, Liu P, Lin B, Li LZ, Yao GD, Huang XX, Song SJ. Sesquiterpenes from Echinacea purpurea and their anti-inflammatory activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 179:112503. [PMID: 32919289 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Six unreported sesquiterpenes, purpureaterpenes A‒F, together with six known sesquiterpenes, were isolated and identified from the aerial part of Echinacea purpurea. Their chemical structures were established by detailed analyses of 1D and 2D NMR data. The relative configurations were assigned on the basis of their NOESY spectra and the calculated 13C NMR spectra. Their absolute configurations were determined by X-ray crystallographic analyses and optical rotation calculations. All the isolated compounds were tested for their anti-inflammatory effects against NO production in LPS-induced RAW246.7 macrophages. Among these compounds, purpureaterpene E was the most active (IC50 value 13.27 μM), even better than the positive control, minocycline (IC50 value 34.81 μM). Further investigation found that purpureaterpene E might exert anti-inflammatory property via the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Yang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research and Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research and Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ping Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563003, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Zhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research and Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Guo-Dong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research and Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research and Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; Chinese People's Liberation Army 210 Hospital, Dalian, 116021, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Jiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research and Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Barabutis N. A glimpse at growth hormone-releasing hormone cosmos. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1632-1634. [PMID: 32289177 PMCID: PMC7426234 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Growth hormone-releasing hormone is a hypothalamic neuropeptide, which regulates the secretion of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary gland. Recent evidence suggest that it exerts growth factor activities in a diverse variety of in vivo and in vitro experimental malignancies, which are counteracted by growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonists. Those peptides support lung endothelial barrier integrity by suppressing major inflammatory pathways and by inducing the endothelial defender P53. The present effort provides information regarding the effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone in the regulation of P53 and the unfolded protein response. Furthermore, it suggests the possible application of growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonists towards the management of acute lung injury, including the lethal acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
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Wu F, Zhang R, Feng Q, Cheng H, Xue J, Chen J. (-)-Clausenamide alleviated ER stress and apoptosis induced by OGD/R in primary neuron cultures. Neurol Res 2020; 42:730-738. [PMID: 32588767 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2020.1771040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and ERS-related neuronal apoptosis contribute to the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. (-)-Clausenamide has been reported to be nootropic and improve learning and memory in amnesia animal models. However, whether (-)-Clau could protect neurons from ischemic injury and the possible mechanism needed further study. The present study aimed to explore the effects of (-)-Clau on primary cortical neurons treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). METHODS Rat primary cortical neurons were used to set up an injury model of OGD/R which imitated the clinical I/R injury. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured by CCK-8 assay, LDH detection and TUNEL staining, respectively. The activation of GRP78/eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP signaling pathway, one of the three branches of ERS, and cleaved caspase-3, the apoptotic marker, were assessed by western blotting. RESULTS OGD/R induced activation of GRP78/eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP signaling pathway. (-)-Clau significantly attenuated OGD/R-induced decrease in the cellular viability and the activation of GRP78, eIF2α, ATF4 and CHOP. To further confirm the effect of (-)-Clau on OGD/R-induced ERS activation, the ERS inducer Tunicamycin (TM) was applied. TM significantly abolished (-)-Clau's protective effect against ERS and neuronal apoptosis, indicating that the protective effect of (-)-Clau was dependent on inhibiting ERS. CONCLUSIONS The present work demonstrated for the first time that (-)-Clau could reverse the activation of GRP78/eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP branch, thus inhibited ERS and the subsequent apoptosis induced by OGD/R and promoted cell viability in vitro. (-)-Clau could serve as a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment for ischemic stroke in the future. ABBREVIATIONS ATF4: activating transcription factor-4; ATF6: activating transcription factor-6; CHOP: transcriptional induction of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein; (-)-Clau: 3-hydroxy-4-phenyl-5a-hydroxybenzylN-methyl-g-lactam; eIF2α: eukaryotic initiation factor 2α; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; ERS: endoplasmic reticulum stress; GRP78: 78-kDa glucose regulated protein; I/R: ischemia/reperfusion; IRE1: inositol requiring enzyme-1; JNK: c-Jun N-terminal kinase; OGD/R: oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation; PERK: double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase-like ER kinase; TM: Tunicamycin; UPR: unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wu
- Institute of Neurobiology, Jining Medical University , Jining, China
| | - Rumin Zhang
- Institute of Neurobiology, Jining Medical University , Jining, China
| | - Qizhen Feng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University , Jining, China
| | - Hongju Cheng
- College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University , Jining, China
| | - Jianjun Xue
- College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University , Jining, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Neurobiology, Jining Medical University , Jining, China
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Nascimento Da Conceicao V, Sun Y, Zboril EK, De la Chapa JJ, Singh BB. Loss of Ca 2+ entry via Orai-TRPC1 induces ER stress, initiating immune activation in macrophages. J Cell Sci 2019; 133:jcs237610. [PMID: 31722977 PMCID: PMC10682644 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.237610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of cellular stresses is associated with inflammation; however, the mechanisms are not well identified. Here, we provide evidence that loss of Ca2+ influx induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in primary macrophages and in murine macrophage cell line Raw 264.7, in which the unfolded protein response is initiated to modulate cytokine production, thereby activating the immune response. Stressors that initiate the ER stress response block store-dependent Ca2+ entry in macrophages prior to the activation of the unfolded protein response. The endogenous Ca2+ entry channel is dependent on the Orai1-TRPC1-STIM1 complex, and the presence of ER stressors decreased expression of TRPC1, Orai1 and STIM1. Additionally, blocking Ca2+ entry with SKF96365 also induced ER stress, promoted cytokine production, activation of autophagy, increased caspase activation and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, ER stress inducers inhibited cell cycle progression, promoted the inflammatory M1 phenotype, and increased phagocytosis. Mechanistically, restoration of Orai1-STIM1 expression inhibited the ER stress-mediated loss of Ca2+ entry that prevents ER stress and inhibits cytokine production, and thus induced cell survival. These results suggest an unequivocal role of Ca2+ entry in modulating ER stress and in the induction of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuyang Sun
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Emily K Zboril
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Jorge J De la Chapa
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Brij B Singh
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Akhter MS, Uddin MA, Barabutis N. Unfolded protein response regulates P53 expression in the pulmonary endothelium. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22380. [PMID: 31339623 PMCID: PMC6787927 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lung endothelial barrier dysfunction leads to severe pathologies, including the lethal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. P53 has been associated with anti-inflammatory activities. The current study employs a variety of unfolded protein response (UPR) activators and inhibitors to investigate the regulation of P53 by UPR in lung cells. The bovine cells that were exposed to the UPR inductors brefeldin A, dithiothreitol, and thapsigargin; demonstrated elevated expression levels of P53 compared to the vehicle-treated cells. On the contrary, the UPR inhibitors N-acetyl cysteine, kifunensine, and ATP-competitive IRE1α kinase-inhibiting RNase attenuator; produced the opposite effects. The outcomes of the present study reveal a positive regulation between UPR and P53. Since it has been shown that a mild induction of the unfolded protein response opposes inflammation, we suggest that P53 is involved in those protective activities in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S Akhter
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana
| | - Mohammad A Uddin
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana
| | - Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana
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Zhong B, Jiang Z, Chen Z, Ishihara K, Mao H, Wang S, Lin G, Hu C. Overexpression of CiIKKβ enhances CIK cell viability against ER stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:706-711. [PMID: 31276789 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, studies have shown that IκB kinase β (IKKβ), a critical kinase in the nucleus factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway, participates in inflammatory responses associated with unfolded protein response (UPR) and plays an important role in ER stress-induced cell death. The unfolded protein response (UPR), which is a regulatory system to restore cellular homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), such as oxidative stress, bacterial infection, and virus invasion. The UPR pathways have been reported to be involved in immune responses in mammals, including the classical NF-κB pathway. However, the molecular mechanism of their crosstalk remains to be elucidated. Previously, we demonstrated that IKKβ also has some conserved functions between fish and human, as grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) IKKβ (CiIKKβ) can activate NF-κB pathway. In this study, we found that CiIKKβ level in nucleus was elevated under ER stress and CiIKKβ can interact with grass carp X-box-binding protein 1 (CiXBP1S), a key transcription factor in UPR. Consistently, fluorescent histochemical analysis of grass carp kidney (CIK) cells indicated that CiIKKβ and CiXBP1S colocalized under ER stress. Furthermore, overexpression of CiIKKβ in CIK cells enhanced ER stress tolerance by regulating UPR signaling and resulted in the significant increase of cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhong
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Key Lab of Aquatic Resources and Utilization of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Zeyin Jiang
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Key Lab of Aquatic Resources and Utilization of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Zhenhuang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kazue Ishihara
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Huilin Mao
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Key Lab of Aquatic Resources and Utilization of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Shanghong Wang
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Key Lab of Aquatic Resources and Utilization of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Gang Lin
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Key Lab of Aquatic Resources and Utilization of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Chengyu Hu
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Key Lab of Aquatic Resources and Utilization of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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13
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Timberlake Ii M, Roy B, Dwivedi Y. A Novel Animal Model for Studying Depression Featuring the Induction of the Unfolded Protein Response in Hippocampus. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:8524-8536. [PMID: 31267370 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01687-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide with global distribution of 322 million people suffering from the disease. While much is understood about depression, the underlying pathophysiology is yet to be fully characterized. Recently, the unfolded protein response (UPR) has been shown to be involved in regulating key aspects like inflammation, cell death, and behavioral depression. The UPR is an evolutionarily conserved ancient response system that reacts to the stressful environmental impact on a cell; the net effect of stress to a cell is that the quality of protein folding is diminished. The UPR responds by repairing and removing misfolded proteins and, if necessary, initiates apoptosis. Here, we demonstrate that the UPR is not only involved in depression, but that its activation causes a depressive phenotype. The hippocampi of rats were directly infused with 500 ng of tunicamycin (TM), an agent that initiates the UPR by blocking N-terminal glycosylation. Three to 8 days post-surgery, the rats showed depressive behavior in escape latency, forced swim despair, sucrose preference anhedonia, and also physiological signs of depression like decreased weight. Further, these behavioral changes were associated with enhanced expression of key UPR genes and proteins in the hippocampus. We propose that this model will make an excellent tool for studying depression and for understanding pathways that are affected by the UPR which directly causes depressive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Timberlake Ii
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, SC711 Sparks Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Bhaskar Roy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, SC711 Sparks Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yogesh Dwivedi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, SC711 Sparks Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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14
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Kanaki N, Matsuda A, Dejima K, Murata D, Nomura KH, Ohkura T, Gengyo-Ando K, Yoshina S, Mitani S, Nomura K. UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase is indispensable for oogenesis, oocyte-to-embryo transition, and larval development of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Glycobiology 2019; 29:163-178. [PMID: 30445613 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N-linked glycosylation of proteins is the most common post-translational modification of proteins. The enzyme UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase (DPAGT1) catalyses the first step of N-glycosylation, and DPAGT1 knockout is embryonic lethal in mice. In this study, we identified the sole orthologue (algn-7) of the human DPAGT1 in the nematode C. elegans. The gene activity was disrupted by RNAi and deletion mutagenesis, which resulted in larval lethality, defects in oogenesis and oocyte-to-embryo transition. Endomitotic oocytes, abnormal fusion of pronuclei, abnormal AB cell rotation, disruption of permeation barriers of eggs, and abnormal expression of chitin and chitin synthase in oocytes and eggs were the typical phenotypes observed. The results indicate that N-glycosylation is indispensable for these processes. We further screened an N-glycosylated protein database of C. elegans, and identified 456 germline-expressed genes coding N-glycosylated proteins. By examining RNAi phenotypes, we identified five germline-expressed genes showing similar phenotypes to the algn-7 (RNAi) animals. They were ribo-1, stt-3, ptc-1, ptc-2, and vha-19. We identified known congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) genes (ribo-1 and stt-3) and a recently found CDG gene (vha-19). The results show that phenotype analyses using the nematode could be a powerful tool to detect new CDG candidate genes and their associated gene networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanako Kanaki
- Department of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ayako Matsuda
- Department of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Katsufumi Dejima
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Murata
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuko H Nomura
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohkura
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Gengyo-Ando
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sawako Yoshina
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Mitani
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Nomura
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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15
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Mantuano NR, Oliveira-Nunes MC, Alisson-Silva F, Dias WB, Todeschini AR. Emerging role of glycosylation in the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. Pharmacol Res 2019; 146:104285. [PMID: 31132403 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tumors are formed by several cell types interacting in a complex environment of soluble and matrix molecules. The crosstalk between the cells and extracellular components control tumor fate. Macrophages are highly plastic and diverse immune cells that are known to be key regulators of this complex network, which is mostly because they can adjust their metabolism and reprogram their phenotype and effector function. Here, we review the studies that disclose the central role of metabolism and tumor microenvironment in shaping the phenotype and function of macrophages, highlighting the importance of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. We further discuss growing evidence of nutrient-sensitive protein modifications such as O-GlcNAcylation and extracellular glycosylation in the function and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Rodrigues Mantuano
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bloco D sala 03 CCS, UFRJ, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Maria Cecilia Oliveira-Nunes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bloco D sala 03 CCS, UFRJ, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Frederico Alisson-Silva
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bloco D sala 03 CCS, UFRJ, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Wagner Barbosa Dias
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bloco D sala 03 CCS, UFRJ, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Adriane Regina Todeschini
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bloco D sala 03 CCS, UFRJ, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
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16
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Shu Z, Yang Y, Yang L, Jiang H, Yu X, Wang Y. Cardioprotective effects of dihydroquercetin against ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt pathway. Food Funct 2019; 10:203-215. [PMID: 30525169 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01256c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dihydroquercetin (DHQ), a dihydroxyflavone, possesses potent antioxidant properties and is proposed to be useful in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether DHQ has protective effects against MIRI and to elucidate the mechanism of attenuation of oxidative stress-and ERS-induced apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt pathway. Isolated rat hearts and H9c2 cardiomyocytes were treated with or without DHQ, and then subjected to I/R and H/R, respectively. Our results showed that DHQ pretreatment markedly alleviated cardiac dysfunction, scavenged free radicals, reduced lipid peroxidation, and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes ex vivo and in vitro. The result of western blot analysis showed that DHQ inhibited the apoptotic pathway and the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins CHOP, Caspase-12, and p-JNK. In addition, DHQ delayed the onset of ERs by reducing GRP78, p-PERK, and p-eif2α expression levels and by increasing HO-1 expression and Nrf2 binding to antioxidant response elements. These cardioprotective effects of DHQ were partially counteracted by the PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002. The protective effects of DHQ on the inhibition of MIRI may be mediated by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway to reduce oxidative stress-and ERS-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunpeng Shu
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China.
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17
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Galindo-Hernández O, Córdova-Guerrero I, Díaz-Rubio LJ, Pulido-Capiz Á, Díaz-Villanueva JF, Castañeda-Sánchez CY, Serafín-Higuera N, García-González V. Protein translation associated to PERK arm is a new target for regulation of metainflammation: A connection with hepatocyte cholesterol. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:4158-4171. [PMID: 30320914 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress is a cellular phenomenon that has been associated with metabolic disorders, contributing to the development of obesity, fatty liver disease, and dyslipidemias. Under metabolic overload conditions, in cells with a high protein-secretory activity, such as hepatocytes and Langerhans β cells, the unfolded protein response (UPR) is critical in to maintain protein homeostasis (proteostasis). UPR integrated by a tripartite signaling system, through activating transcription factor 6, protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and inositol-requiring enzyme 1, regulates gene transcription and translation to resolve stress and conserve proteostasis. In the current study, we demonstrated in hepatocytes under metabolic overload by saturated palmitic and stearic fatty acids, through activation of PERK signaling and CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) transcription factor, an association with the expression of cyclooxygenase 2. More important, isolated exosomes from supernatants of macrophages exposed to lipopolysaccharides can also induce a metainflammation phenomenon, and when treated on hepatocytes, induced a rearrangement in cholesterol metabolism through sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), apolipoprotein A-I, and ABCA1. Moreover, we demonstrate the cellular effect of terpene-derived molecules, such as cryptotanshinone, isolated of plant Salvia brandegeei, regulating metainflammatory conditions through PERK pathway in both hepatocytes and β cells. Our data suggest the presence of a modulatory mechanism on specific protein translation process. This effect could be mediated by eukaryotic initiation factor-4A, evaluating salubrinal as a control molecule. Likewise, the protective mechanisms of unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic and palmitoleic acid were confirmed. Therefore, modulation of metainflammation suggests a new target through PERK signaling in cells with a high secretory activity, and possibly the regulation of cholesterol in hepatocytes is promoted via exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Galindo-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, México
| | - Iván Córdova-Guerrero
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana, México
| | - Laura Janeth Díaz-Rubio
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana, México
| | - Ángel Pulido-Capiz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, México
| | - José Fernando Díaz-Villanueva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, México
| | - César Yahel Castañeda-Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, México
| | | | - Víctor García-González
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, México
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18
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Bergmann TJ, Molinari M. Three branches to rule them all? UPR signalling in response to chemically versus misfolded proteins-induced ER stress. Biol Cell 2018; 110:197-204. [PMID: 29979817 DOI: 10.1111/boc.201800029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Study of the unfolded protein responses (UPR) is mainly addressed by challenging eukaryotic cells with chemical compounds that impair calcium, redox or glycan homeostasis. These dramatically alter the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) environment and function, but also trigger pleiotropic effects that may result in multi-organellar failure and cell death. Recent works showed that UPR induced by the accumulation of unfolded polypeptides in the ER lumen drastically differs from chemically induced UPR. Unfolded proteins are tolerated by cells, which activate a finely tuned UPR without entering apoptotic programs. How cells adapt the UPR to the burden of misfolded proteins, what structural features of the accumulating proteins determine UPR intensity and how these mechanisms translate into disease are crucial questions to be address in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Bergmann
- Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Molinari
- Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Life Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
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19
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Schmitz ML, Shaban MS, Albert BV, Gökçen A, Kracht M. The Crosstalk of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress Pathways with NF-κB: Complex Mechanisms Relevant for Cancer, Inflammation and Infection. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6020058. [PMID: 29772680 PMCID: PMC6027367 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6020058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stressful conditions occuring during cancer, inflammation or infection activate adaptive responses that are controlled by the unfolded protein response (UPR) and the nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway. These systems can be triggered by chemical compounds but also by cytokines, toll-like receptor ligands, nucleic acids, lipids, bacteria and viruses. Despite representing unique signaling cascades, new data indicate that the UPR and NF-κB pathways converge within the nucleus through ten major transcription factors (TFs), namely activating transcription factor (ATF)4, ATF3, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (CEBP) homologous protein (CHOP), X-box-binding protein (XBP)1, ATF6α and the five NF-κB subunits. The combinatorial occupancy of numerous genomic regions (enhancers and promoters) coordinates the transcriptional activation or repression of hundreds of genes that collectively determine the balance between metabolic and inflammatory phenotypes and the extent of apoptosis and autophagy or repair of cell damage and survival. Here, we also discuss results from genetic experiments and chemical activators of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress that suggest a link to the cytosolic inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB)α degradation pathway. These data show that the UPR affects this major control point of NF-κB activation through several mechanisms. Taken together, available evidence indicates that the UPR and NF-κB interact at multiple levels. This crosstalk provides ample opportunities to fine-tune cellular stress responses and could also be exploited therapeutically in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lienhard Schmitz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - M Samer Shaban
- Rudolf-Buchheim-Institute of Pharmacology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - B Vincent Albert
- Rudolf-Buchheim-Institute of Pharmacology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Anke Gökçen
- Rudolf-Buchheim-Institute of Pharmacology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Michael Kracht
- Rudolf-Buchheim-Institute of Pharmacology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
- Rudolf-Buchheim-Institute of Pharmacology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Schubertstrasse 81, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
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20
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l-Glutamine Attenuates Apoptosis Induced by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by Activating the IRE1α-XBP1 Axis in IPEC-J2: A Novel Mechanism of l-Glutamine in Promoting Intestinal Health. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122617. [PMID: 29206200 PMCID: PMC5751220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal absorption and barrier malfunctions are associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in the intestine. We induced ERS by exposing the intestinal porcine epithelial cell line J2 (IPEC-J2) to tunicamycin (TUNI) to explore the potential of l-glutamine to reduce ERS-induced apoptosis. Our experiments demonstrated that exposing cells to TUNI results in spontaneous ERS and encourages the upregulation of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78). Prolonged TUNI-induced ERS was found to increase apoptosis mediated by C/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), accompanied by GRP78 downregulation. Treatment with l-glutamine was found to promote cell proliferation within the growth medium but to have little effect in basic Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium. Finally, in the milieu of TUNI-induced ERS, l-glutamine was found to maintain a high level of GRP78, alleviate CHOP-mediated apoptosis and activate the inositol requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α)-X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) axis. A specific inhibitor of the IRE1α-XBP1 axis reversed the protective effect of l-glutamine by blocking the expression of IRE1α/XBP1s. We propose that the functional effect of l-glutamine on intestinal health may be partly due to its modulation of ERS and CHOP-mediated apoptosis.
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21
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Wu Y, Quan Y, Liu Y, Liu K, Li H, Jiang Z, Zhang T, Lei H, Radek KA, Li D, Wang Z, Lu J, Wang W, Ji S, Xia Z, Lai Y. Hyperglycaemia inhibits REG3A expression to exacerbate TLR3-mediated skin inflammation in diabetes. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13393. [PMID: 27830702 PMCID: PMC5109591 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated inflammatory responses are known to impair wound healing in diabetes, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we show that the antimicrobial protein REG3A controls TLR3-mediated inflammation after skin injury. This control is mediated by REG3A-induced SHP-1 protein, and acts selectively on TLR3-activated JNK2. In diabetic mouse skin, hyperglycaemia inhibits the expression of IL-17-induced IL-33 via glucose glycation. The decrease in cutaneous IL-33 reduces REG3A expression in epidermal keratinocytes. The reduction in REG3A is associated with lower levels of SHP-1, which normally inhibits TLR3-induced JNK2 phosphorylation, thereby increasing inflammation in skin wounds. To our knowledge, these findings show for the first time that REG3A can modulate specific cutaneous inflammatory responses and that the decrease in cutaneous REG3A exacerbates inflammation in diabetic skin wounds. Patients with diabetes often have delayed wound healing, associated with excessive inflammation. Here the authors report that REG3A inhibits TLR3-driven inflammation in skin wounds, and show that REG3A is reduced in models of diabetes, which exacerbates inflammation in diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelin Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yanchun Quan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuanqi Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Keiwei Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hongquan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ziwei Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hu Lei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Katherine A Radek
- Department of Surgery, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, Illinois 60153, USA
| | - Dongqing Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jilong Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shizhao Ji
- Burn Institute of Chinese PLA and Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhaofan Xia
- Burn Institute of Chinese PLA and Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuping Lai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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22
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Lesovaya E, Yemelyanov A, Swart AC, Swart P, Haegeman G, Budunova I. Discovery of Compound A--a selective activator of the glucocorticoid receptor with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity. Oncotarget 2016; 6:30730-44. [PMID: 26436695 PMCID: PMC4741564 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are among the most effective anti-inflammatory drugs, and are widely used for cancer therapy. Unfortunately, chronic treatment with glucocorticoids results in multiple side effects. Thus, there was an intensive search for selective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activators (SEGRA), which retain therapeutic potential of glucocorticoids, but with fewer adverse effects. GR regulates gene expression by transactivation (TA), by binding as homodimer to gene promoters, or transrepression (TR), via diverse mechanisms including negative interaction between monomeric GR and other transcription factors. It is well accepted that metabolic and atrophogenic effects of glucocorticoids are mediated by GR TA. Here we summarized the results of extensive international collaboration that led to discovery and characterization of Compound A (CpdA), a unique SEGRA with a proven “dissociating” GR ligand profile, preventing GR dimerization and shifting GR activity towards TR both in vitro and in vivo. We outlined here the unusual story of compound's discovery, and presented a comprehensive overview of CpdA ligand properties, its anti-inflammatory effects in numerous animal models of inflammation and autoimmune diseases, as well as its anti-cancer effects. Finally, we presented mechanistic analysis of CpdA and glucocorticoid effects in skin, muscle, bone, and regulation of glucose and fat metabolism to explain decreased CpdA side effects compared to glucocorticoids. Overall, the results obtained by our and other laboratories underline translational potential of CpdA and its derivatives for treatment of inflammation, autoimmune diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Lesovaya
- Department of Chemical Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Yemelyanov
- Pulmonary Division, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amanda C Swart
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Pieter Swart
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | | | - Irina Budunova
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Yang L, Wang J, Yang J, Schamber R, Hu N, Nair S, Xiong L, Ren J. Antioxidant metallothionein alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced myocardial apoptosis and contractile dysfunction. Free Radic Res 2016; 49:1187-98. [PMID: 25968954 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1013952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress exerts myocardial oxidative stress, apoptosis, and contractile anomalies, although the precise interplay between ER stress and apoptosis remains elusive. This study was designed to examine the impact of the cysteine-rich free radical scavenger metallothionein on ER stress-induced myocardial contractile defect and underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS Wild-type friendly virus B and transgenic mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of metallothionein were challenged with the ER stress inducer tunicamycin (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, 48 h) prior to the assessment of myocardial function, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Our results revealed that tunicamycin promoted cardiac remodeling (enlarged left ventricular end systolic/diastolic diameters with little changes in left ventricular wall thickness), suppressed fractional shortening and cardiomyocyte contractile function, elevated resting Ca(2+), decreased stimulated Ca(2+) release, prolonged intracellular Ca(2+) clearance, and downregulated sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase levels, the effects of which were negated by metallothionein. Treatment with tunicamycin caused cardiomyocyte mitochondrial injury, as evidenced by decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ѱm, assessed by JC-1 staining), the effect of which was negated by the antioxidant. Moreover, tunicamycin challenge dramatically facilitated myocardial apoptosis as manifested by increased Bax, caspase 9, and caspase 12 protein levels, as well as elevated caspase 3 activity. Interestingly, metallothionein transgene significantly alleviated tunicamycin-induced myocardial apoptosis. CONCLUSION Taken together, our data favor a beneficial effect of metallothionein against ER stress-induced cardiac dysfunction possibly associated with attenuation of myocardial apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yang
- a Department of Anesthesiology , Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P. R. China
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24
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Hasan M, Gruber E, Cameron J, Leifer CA. TLR9 stability and signaling are regulated by phosphorylation and cell stress. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 100:525-33. [PMID: 26957214 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.2a0815-337r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate sensing of pathogens elicits protective immune responses through pattern recognition receptors, including Toll-like receptors. Although signaling by Toll-like receptors is regulated at multiple steps, including localization, trafficking, proteolytic cleavage, and phosphorylation, the significance of post-translational modifications and cellular stress response on Toll-like receptor stability and signaling is still largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role of cytoplasmic tyrosine motifs in Toll-like receptor-9 stability, proteolytic cleavage, and signaling. We demonstrated that tyrosine phosphorylation is essential for mouse Toll-like receptor-9 protein stability and signaling. Upon inhibition of tyrosine kinases with piceatannol, Toll-like receptor-9 tyrosine phosphorylation induced by CpG deoxyribonucleic acid was inhibited, which correlated with decreased signaling. Furthermore, inhibition of Src kinases with 1-tert-Butyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine also inhibited response to CpG deoxyribonucleic acid. Toll-like receptor-9 protein stability was also sensitive to autophagy, the cellular stress response pathway, and infection by a deoxyribonucleic acid virus. Whereas autophagy induced by rapamycin or low serum levels caused a preferential loss of the mature p80 proteolytic cleavage product, infection with herpes simplex virus-1 and induction of cell stress with tunicamycin caused preferential loss of full-length Toll-like receptor-9, which is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. Our data reveal new information about the stability and signaling of Toll-like receptor-9 and suggest that immune evasion mechanisms may involve targeted loss of innate sensing receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroof Hasan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Erika Gruber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jody Cameron
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Cynthia A Leifer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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25
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Yu Y, Sun G, Luo Y, Wang M, Chen R, Zhang J, Ai Q, Xing N, Sun X. Cardioprotective effects of Notoginsenoside R1 against ischemia/reperfusion injuries by regulating oxidative stress- and endoplasmic reticulum stress- related signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21730. [PMID: 26888485 PMCID: PMC4757886 DOI: 10.1038/srep21730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent reports suggested the involvement of oxidative stress- and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-associated pathways in the progression of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) is a novel saponin isolated from P. notoginseng, which has a history of prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Objective: We aimed to examine the cardioprotective effects of NGR1 on I/R-induced heart dysfunction ex vivo and in vitro. Methods: H9c2 cadiomyocytes were incubated with NGR1 for 24 h and exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation. Isolated rat hearts were perfused by NGR1 for 15 min and then subjected to global ischemia/reperfusion. Hemodynamic parameters were monitored as left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), heart rate, and maximal rate of increase and decrease of left ventricular pressure (±dP/dt max/min). Results: NGR1 pretreatment prevents cell apoptosis and delays the onset of ERS by decreasing the protein expression levels of ERS-responsive proteins GRP78, P-PERK, ATF6, IRE, and inhibiting the expression of pro-apoptosis proteins CHOP, Caspase-12, and P-JNK. Besides, NGR1 scavenges free radical, and increases the activity of antioxidase. NGR1 inhibits Tunicamycin-induced cell death and cardic dysfunction. Conclusion: We elucidated the significant cardioprotective effects of NGR1 against I/R injuries, and demonstrated the involvement of oxidative stress and ERS in the protective effects of NGR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, China
| | - Min Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, China
| | - Rongchang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, China
| | - Qidi Ai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, China
| | - Na Xing
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, China
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26
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Mariano VS, Zorzetto-Fernandes AL, da Silva TA, Ruas LP, Nohara LL, de Almeida IC, Roque-Barreira MC. Recognition of TLR2 N-glycans: critical role in ArtinM immunomodulatory activity. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98512. [PMID: 24892697 PMCID: PMC4043963 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
TLR2 plays a critical role in the protection against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis conferred by ArtinM administration. ArtinM, a D-mannose-binding lectin from Artocarpus heterophyllus, induces IL-12 production in macrophages and dendritic cells, which accounts for the T helper1 immunity that results from ArtinM administration. We examined the direct interaction of ArtinM with TLR2using HEK293A cells transfected with TLR2, alone or in combination with TLR1 or TLR6, together with accessory proteins. Stimulation with ArtinM induced NF-κB activation and interleukin (IL)-8 production in cells transfected with TLR2, TLR2/1, or TLR2/6. Murine macrophages that were stimulated with ArtinM had augmented TLR2 mRNA expression. Furthermore, pre-incubation of unstimulated macrophages with an anti-TLR2 antibody reduced the cell labeling with ArtinM. In addition, a microplate assay revealed that ArtinM bound to TLR2 molecules that had been captured by specific antibodies from a macrophages lysate. Notably,ArtinM binding to TLR2 was selectively inhibited when the lectin was pre-incubated with mannotriose. The biological relevance of the direct interaction of ArtinM with TLR2 glycans was assessed using macrophages from TLR2-KOmice, which produced significantly lower levels of IL-12 and IL-10 in response to ArtinM than macrophages from wild-type mice. Pre-treatment of murine macrophages with pharmacological inhibitors of signaling molecules demonstrated the involvement of p38 MAPK and JNK in the IL-12 production induced by ArtinM and the involvement ofPI3K in IL-10 production. Thus, ArtinM interacts directly with TLR2 or TLR2 heterodimers in a carbohydrate recognition-dependent manner and functions as a TLR2 agonist with immunomodulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Sammartino Mariano
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Andre Luiz Zorzetto-Fernandes
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Thiago Aparecido da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Luciana Pereira Ruas
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Lilian L. Nohara
- Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Igor Correia de Almeida
- Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Maria Cristina Roque-Barreira
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, São Paulo, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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