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Zhang T, Lui KH, Ho SSH, Chen J, Chuang HC, Ho KF. Characterization of airborne endotoxin in personal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) and bioreactivity for elderly residents in Hong Kong. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116530. [PMID: 38833976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The heavy metals and bioreactivity properties of endotoxin in personal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were characterized in the analysis. The average personal exposure concentrations to PM2.5 were ranged from 6.8 to 96.6 μg/m3. The mean personal PM2.5 concentrations in spring, summer, autumn, and winter were 32.1±15.8, 22.4±11.8, 35.3±11.9, and 50.2±19.9 μg/m3, respectively. There were 85 % of study targets exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) PM2.5 threshold (24 hours). The mean endotoxin concentrations ranged from 1.086 ± 0.384-1.912 ± 0.419 EU/m3, with a geometric mean (GM) varied from 1.034 to 1.869. The concentration of iron (Fe) (0.008-1.16 μg/m3) was one of the most abundant transition metals in the samples that could affect endotoxin toxicity under Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) stimulation. In summer, the interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels showed statistically significant differences compared to other seasons. Spearman correlation analysis showed endotoxin concentrations were positively correlated with chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni), implying possible roles as nutrients and further transport via adhering to the surface of fine inorganic particles. Mixed-effects model analysis demonstrated that Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production was positively associated with endotoxin concentration and Cr as a combined exposure factor. The Cr contained the highest combined effect (0.205-0.262), suggesting that Cr can potentially exacerbate the effect of endotoxin on inflammation and oxidative stress. The findings will be useful for practical policies for mitigating air pollution to protect the public health of the citizens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhang Zhang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Hei Lui
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Steven Sai Hang Ho
- Division of Atmosphere Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, United States; Hong Kong Premium Services and Research Laboratory, Cheung Sha Wan, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiayao Chen
- School of Architecture, Planning and Environmental Policy, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kin Fai Ho
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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2
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Chen Z, Huo X, Huang Y, Cheng Z, Xu X, Li Z. Elevated plasma solMER concentrations link ambient PM 2.5 and PAHs to myocardial injury and reduced left ventricular systolic function in children. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 355:124151. [PMID: 38740242 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is known to be associated with the polarization of pro-inflammatory macrophages and the development of various cardiovascular diseases. The pro-inflammatory polarization of resident cardiac macrophages (cMacs) enhances the cleavage of membrane-bound myeloid-epithelial-reproductive receptor tyrosine kinase (MerTK) and promotes the formation of soluble MerTK (solMER). This process influences the involvement of cMacs in cardiac repair, thus leading to an imbalance in cardiac homeostasis, myocardial injury, and reduced cardiac function. However, the relative impacts of PM2.5 and PAHs on human cMacs have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of PM2.5 and PAH exposure on solMER in terms of myocardial injury and left ventricular (LV) systolic function in healthy children. A total of 258 children (aged three to six years) were recruited from Guiyu (an area exposed to e-waste) and Haojiang (a reference area). Mean daily PM2.5 concentration data were collected to calculate the individual chronic daily intake (CDI) of PM2.5. We determined concentrations of solMER and creatine kinase MB (CKMB) in plasma, and hydroxylated PAHs (OH-PAHs) in urine. LV systolic function was evaluated by stroke volume (SV). Higher CDI values and OH-PAH concentrations were detected in the exposed group. Plasma solMER and CKMB were higher in the exposed group and were associated with a reduced SV. Elevated CDI and 1-hydroxynaphthalene (1-OHNa) were associated with a higher solMER. Furthermore, increased solMER concentrations were associated with a lower SV and higher CKMB. CDI and 1-OHNa were positively associated with CKMB and mediated by solMER. In conclusion, exposure to PM2.5 and PAHs may lead to the pro-inflammatory polarization of cMacs and increase the risk of myocardial injury and systolic function impairment in children. Furthermore, the pro-inflammatory polarization of cMacs may mediate cardiotoxicity caused by PM2.5 and PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, Guangdong, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 15041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Huo
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiheng Cheng
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xijin Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, Guangdong, China.
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Verma PK, Devaprasad M, Dave J, Meena R, Bhowmik H, Tripathi SN, Rastogi N. Summertime oxidative potential of atmospheric PM 2.5 over New Delhi: Effect of aerosol ageing. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 920:170984. [PMID: 38365025 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to elevated particulate matter (PM) concentrations in ambient air has become a major health concern over urban areas worldwide. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation due to ambient PM (termed as their oxidative potential, OP) is shown to play a major role in PM-induced health effects. In the present study, the OP of the ambient PM2.5 samples, collected during summer 2019 from New Delhi, were measured using the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. Average volume-normalized OP (OPV) was 2.9 ± 1.1 nmol DTT min-1 m-3, and mass-normalized OP (OPm) was 61 ± 29 pmol DTT min-1 μg-1. The regression statistics of OPv vs chemical species show the maximum slope of OPV with the elemental carbon (EC, r2 = 0.72) followed by water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC, r2 = 0.72), and organic carbon (OC, r2 = 0.64). A strong positive correlation between OPm and secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA, such as NH4+ and NO3- mass fractions) was also observed, indicating that the sources emitting NO2 and NH3, precursors of NO3- and NH4+, also emit DTT-active species. Interestingly, the slope value of OPv vs OC for aged aerosols (OM/OC > 1.7, f44 > 0.12 and f43 < 0.04) was 1.7 times higher than relatively fresh organic aerosols (OA, OM/OC < 1.7, f44 < 0.12, f43 > 0.04). An increase in OPv and OPoc with f44 indicates the formation of more DTT active species with the ageing of OA. A linear increase in OPoc with increasing Nitrogen/Carbon (N/C) ratio suggests that nitrogenous OA have higher OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Verma
- Geosciences Division, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India.
| | - M Devaprasad
- Geosciences Division, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India; Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - J Dave
- Geosciences Division, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - R Meena
- Geosciences Division, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - H Bhowmik
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - S N Tripathi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - N Rastogi
- Geosciences Division, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India.
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Melzi G, Massimi L, Frezzini MA, Iulini M, Tarallo N, Rinaldi M, Paglione M, Nozza E, Crova F, Valentini S, Valli G, Costabile F, Canepari S, Decesari S, Vecchi R, Marinovich M, Corsini E. Redox-activity and in vitro effects of regional atmospheric aerosol pollution: Seasonal differences and correlation between oxidative potential and in vitro toxicity of PM 1. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 485:116913. [PMID: 38522584 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Particulate Matter (PM) is a complex and heterogeneous mixture of atmospheric particles recognized as a threat to human health. Oxidative Potential (OP) measurement is a promising and integrative method for estimating PM-induced health impacts since it is recognized as more closely associated with adverse health effects than ordinarily used PM mass concentrations. OP measurements could be introduced in the air quality monitoring, along with the parameters currently evaluated. PM deposition in the lungs induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage. The study aimed to compare the OP measurements with toxicological effects on BEAS-2B and THP-1 cells of winter and summer PM1 collected in the Po Valley (Italy) during 2021. PM1 was extracted in deionized water by mechanical agitation and tested for OP and, in parallel, used to treat cells. Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses were assessed by MTT test, DCFH-DA assay, micronucleus, γ-H2AX, comet assay modified with endonucleases, ELISA, and Real-Time PCR. The evaluation of OP was performed by applying three different assays: dithiothreitol (OPDTT), ascorbic acid (OPAA), and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (OPDCFH), in addition, the reducing potential was also analysed (RPDPPH). Seasonal differences were detected in all the parameters investigated. The amount of DNA damage detected with the Comet assay and ROS formation highlights the presence of oxidative damage both in winter and in summer samples, while DNA damage (micronucleus) and genes regulation were mainly detected in winter samples. A positive correlation with OPDCFH (Spearman's analysis, p < 0.05) was detected for IL-8 secretion and γ-H2AX. These results provide a biological support to the implementation in air quality monitoring of OP measurements as a useful proxy to estimate PM-induced cellular toxicological responses. In addition, these results provide new insights for the assessment of the ability of secondary aerosol in the background atmosphere to induce oxidative stress and health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Melzi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Science (DiSFeB) "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Massimi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, National Research Council, Via Salaria, Km 29,300, Monterotondo St., 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Agostina Frezzini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; ARPA Lazio, Regional Environmental Protection Agency, Via Boncompagni 101, 00187 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Iulini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Science (DiSFeB) "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Naima Tarallo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Science (DiSFeB) "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Rinaldi
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center, NBFC, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Paglione
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center, NBFC, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Emma Nozza
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Science (DiSFeB) "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via della Commenda 19, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Crova
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano & INFN-Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Valentini
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano & INFN-Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Valli
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano & INFN-Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Costabile
- National Biodiversity Future Center, NBFC, 90133 Palermo, Italy; Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Canepari
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, National Research Council, Via Salaria, Km 29,300, Monterotondo St., 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Decesari
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center, NBFC, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberta Vecchi
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano & INFN-Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Marinovich
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Science (DiSFeB) "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Science (DiSFeB) "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
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5
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Liu Q, Liu Y, Yang Z, Qi X, Schauer JJ. High loadings of carbonaceous aerosols from wood smoke in the atmosphere of Beijing from 2015 to 2017: Implications for energy transition policy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123240. [PMID: 38154780 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Recently, biomass has been regarded as a promising option for solid energy in China, which is promoted in the residential sector and firing power plants. We collected 200 PM2.5 samples (particulate matter with a aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5 μm) at multi-sites across Beijing from three individual sampling cases from 2015 to 2017. The levels of OC, OC fractions, EC, EC fractions, as well as K+ were measured. Then, we adopted the Positive Matrix Factorization 5.0 to apportion the sources of carbonaceous aerosols. The source apportionment results were compared with the estimates of source contribution using the bottom-up technical method with the latest emission inventories after the Action Plan was put into effect in 2013. Our results demonstrate that high pollution of carbonaceous aerosols originated from wood smoking based on the receptor modeling and bottom-up technical method in Beijing from 2015 to 2017. Future energy transition policy should focus on the technologies and regulations for reducing emissions from renewable biomass fuel combustion. This study highlights the importance of regulations that address emissions controls on fuels replacing coal combustion to meet the needs to mitigate air pollution from primary energy use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Liu
- Institute of Analysis and Testing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology (Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis), Beijing, 100089, China; College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yanju Liu
- Institute of Analysis and Testing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology (Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis), Beijing, 100089, China; Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, 100074, China.
| | - Zheng Yang
- Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, 100074, China
| | - Xuekui Qi
- Institute of Analysis and Testing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology (Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis), Beijing, 100089, China
| | - James J Schauer
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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Gao K, Wang L, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Li H, Fu J, Fu J, Lu L, Qiu X, Zhu T. Concentration identification and endpoint-oriented health risk assessments on a broad-spectrum of organic compounds in atmospheric fine particles: A sampling experimental study in Beijing, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167574. [PMID: 37804984 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the complicate chemical components in atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) helps policy makers for pollutants control track progress and identify disparities in overall health risks. However, till now, information on accurate component detection, source identification, and effect-oriented risk assessment is scarce, especially for the simultaneous analysis of a broad-spectrum of compounds. In this study, a high-throughput target method was employed to distinguish the occurrence and characteristics of 152 chemicals: phthalate esters (PAEs), organophosphate esters (OPEs), carboxylic acid esters (CAEs), nitrophenols (NPs), nitrogen heterocyclic compounds (NHCs), per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), triclosan and its derivatives (TCSs), and organosulfates (OSs) in ambient PM2.5 collected from Beijing, China. Detection frequencies of 77 targeted compounds were >50 %. Total concentrations of all compounds ranged from 33.1 to 745 ng/m3. The median concentration of ∑PAEs (108 ng/m3) was the highest, followed by ∑CAEs (12.2 ng/m3) and ∑NPs (10.1 ng/m3). Organophosphate diesters (di-OPEs) and TCSs were reported for the first time in ambient PM2.5. The pollutants mainly originated from the local industrial production, release of building materials, and environmental degradation of parent compounds. Based on absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET)-oriented risk evaluations, we found that bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and di (2-ethylhexyl) adipate have high health risks. Additionally, the high oxidative stress potential of 4-nitrocatechol and the strong blood-brain barrier penetration potential of triclosan cannot be ignored. Our study will facilitate the evaluations of specific health outcomes and mechanisms of pollutants, and suggestion of pollutants priority control to reduce human health hazards caused by atmospheric particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Gao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China; SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Linxiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yidan Zhang
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Haonan Li
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Fu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Jianjie Fu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Liping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xinghua Qiu
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Yan Z, Ge P, Lu Z, Liu X, Cao M, Chen W, Chen M. The Cytotoxic Effects of Fine Particulate Matter (PM 2.5) from Different Sources at the Air-Liquid Interface Exposure on A549 Cells. TOXICS 2023; 12:21. [PMID: 38250977 PMCID: PMC10821317 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The health of humans has been negatively impacted by PM2.5 exposure, but the chemical composition and toxicity of PM2.5 might vary depending on its source. To investigate the toxic effects of particulate matter from different sources on lung epithelial cells (A549), PM2.5 samples were collected from residential, industrial, and transportation areas in Nanjing, China. The chemical composition of PM2.5 was analyzed, and toxicological experiments were conducted. The A549 cells were exposed using an air-liquid interface (ALI) exposure system, and the cytotoxic indicators of the cells were detected. The research results indicated that acute exposure to different sources of particulate matter at the air-liquid interface caused damage to the cells, induced the production of ROS, caused apoptosis, inflammatory damage, and DNA damage, with a dose-effect relationship. The content of heavy metals and PAHs in PM2.5 from the traffic source was relatively high, and the toxic effect of the traffic-source samples on the cells was higher than that of the industrial- and residential-source samples. The cytotoxicity of particulate matter was mostly associated with water-soluble ions, carbon components, heavy metals, PAHs, and endotoxin, based on the analysis of the Pearson correlation. Oxidative stress played an important role in PM2.5-induced biological toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhansheng Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; (Z.Y.); (P.G.); (X.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Pengxiang Ge
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; (Z.Y.); (P.G.); (X.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Zhenyu Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; (Z.Y.); (P.G.); (X.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; (Z.Y.); (P.G.); (X.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Maoyu Cao
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Wankang Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; (Z.Y.); (P.G.); (X.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Mindong Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; (Z.Y.); (P.G.); (X.L.); (W.C.)
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8
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Xu J, Zhang N, Zhang Y, Li P, Han J, Gao S, Wang X, Geng C, Yang W, Zhang L, Han B, Bai Z. Personal Exposure to Source-Specific Particulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Systemic Inflammation: A Cross-Sectional Study of Urban-Dwelling Older Adults in China. GEOHEALTH 2023; 7:e2023GH000933. [PMID: 38124775 PMCID: PMC10731620 DOI: 10.1029/2023gh000933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can disturb the immune response. However, the evidence on adverse health effects caused by exposure to PAHs emitted from specific sources among different vulnerable subpopulations is limited. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate whether exposure to source-specific PAHs could increase systemic inflammation in older adults. The present study included community-dwelling older adults and collected filter samples of personal exposure to PM2.5 during the winter of 2011. Blood samples were collected after the PM2.5 sample collection. We analyzed PM2.5 bound PAHs and serum inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)1β, IL6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels. The Positive Matrix Factorization model was used to identify PAH sources. We used a linear regression model to assess the relative effects of source-specific PM2.5 bound PAHs on the levels of measured inflammatory cytokines. After controlling for confounders, exposure to PAHs emitted from biomass burning or diesel vehicle emission was significantly associated with increased serum inflammatory cytokines and systemic inflammation. These findings highlight the importance of considering exposure sources in epidemiological studies and controlling exposures to organic materials from specific sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yujuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
- Department of Family PlanningThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Penghui Li
- School of Environmental Science and Safety EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjinChina
| | - Jinbao Han
- School of Quality and Technical SupervisionHebei UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Shuang Gao
- School of Geographic and Environmental SciencesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Xinhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chunmei Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental HealthSchool of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- Center for International Collaborative Research on EnvironmentNutrition and Public HealthTianjinChina
| | - Bin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhipeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
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9
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Huang K, Feng LF, Liu ZY, Li ZH, Mao YC, Wang XQ, Zhao JW, Zhang KD, Li YQ, Wang J, Yu WJ, Cheng X, Yang XY, Li J, Zhang XJ. The modification of meteorological factors on the relationship between air pollution and periodontal diseases: an exploration based on different interaction strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:8187-8202. [PMID: 37552412 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01705-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to characterize the association between air pollutants exposure and periodontal diseases outpatient visits and to explore the interactions between ambient air pollutants and meteorological factors. The outpatient visits data of several large stomatological and general hospitals in Hefei during 2015-2020 were collected to explore the relationship between daily air pollutants exposure and periodontal diseases by combining Poisson's generalized linear model (GLMs) and distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNMs). Subgroup analysis was performed to identify the vulnerability of different populations to air pollutants exposure. The interaction between air pollutants and meteorological factors was verified in both multiplicative and additive interaction models. An interquartile range (IQR) increased in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentration was associated with the greatest lag-specific relative risk (RR) of gingivitis at lag 3 days (RR = 1.087, 95% CI 1.008-1.173). Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure also increased the risk of periodontitis at the day of exposure (RR = 1.049, 95% CI 1.004-1.096). Elderly patients with gingivitis and periodontitis were both vulnerable to PM2.5 exposure. The interaction analyses showed that exposure to high levels of NO2 at low temperatures was related to an increased risk of gingivitis, while exposure to high levels of NO2 and PM2.5 may also increase the risk of gingivitis and periodontitis in the high-humidity environment, respectively. This study supported that NO2 and PM2.5 exposure increased the risk of gingivitis and periodontitis outpatient visits, respectively. Besides, the adverse effects of air pollutants exposure on periodontal diseases may vary depending on ambient temperature and humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230032, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Lin-Fei Feng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhe-Ye Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xin-Qiang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jia-Wen Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Kang-Di Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ying-Qing Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wen-Jie Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xi-Yao Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jiong Li
- College and Hospital of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiu-Jun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
- College and Hospital of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Ting YC, Chang PK, Hung PC, Chou CCK, Chi KH, Hsiao TC. Characterizing emission factors and oxidative potential of motorcycle emissions in a real-world tunnel environment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116601. [PMID: 37429395 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Transportation emissions significantly affect human health, air quality, and climate in urban areas. This study conducted experiments in an urban tunnel in Taipei, Taiwan, to characterize vehicle emissions under real driving conditions, providing emission factors of PM2.5, eBC, CO, and CO2. By applying multiple linear regression, it derives individual emission factors for heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs), light-duty vehicles (LDVs), and motorcycles (MCs). Additionally, the oxidative potential using dithiothreitol assay (OPDTT) was established to understand PM2.5 toxicity. Results showed HDVs dominated PM2.5 and eBC concentrations, while LDVs and MCs influenced CO and CO2 levels. The CO emission factor for transportation inside the tunnel was found to be higher than those in previous studies, likely owing to the increased fraction of MCs, which generally emit higher CO levels. Among the three vehicle types, HDVs exhibited the highest PM2.5 and eBC emission factors, while CO and CO2 levels were relatively higher for LDVs and MCs. The OPDTTm demonstrated that fresh traffic emissions were less toxic than aged aerosols, but higher OPDTTv indicated the impact on human health cannot be ignored. This study updates emission factors for various vehicle types, aiding in accurate assessment of transportation emissions' effects on air quality and human health, and providing a guideline for formulating mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chieh Ting
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Kai Chang
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chang Hung
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Charles C-K Chou
- Research Centre for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Hsien Chi
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Colledge of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chih Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Centre for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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11
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Xing C, Wang Y, Yang X, Zeng Y, Zhai J, Cai B, Zhang A, Fu TM, Zhu L, Li Y, Wang X, Zhang Y. Seasonal variation of driving factors of ambient PM 2.5 oxidative potential in Shenzhen, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160771. [PMID: 36513240 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a central role in health effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5). In this work, we screened for efficient and complementary oxidative potential (OP) measurements by comparing the response values of multiple chemical probes (OPDTT, OPOH, OPGSH) to ambient PM2.5 in Shenzhen, China. Combined with meteorological condition and PM2.5 chemical composition analysis, we explored the effects of different chemical components and emission sources on the ambient PM2.5 OP and analyzed their seasonal variations. The results show that OPmDTT(mass-normalized) and OPmGSH-SLF were highly correlated (r = 0.77). OPDTT was mainly influenced by organic carbon, while OPOH was highly dominated by heavy metals. The combination of OPDTT and OPOH provides an efficient and comprehensive measurement of OP. Temporally, the OPs were substantially higher in winter than in summer (1.4 and 4 times higher for OPmDTT and OPmOH, respectively). The long-distance transported biomass burning sources from the north dominated the OPDTT in winter, while the ship emissions mainly influenced the summer OP. The OPmDTT increased sharply with the decrease of PM2.5 mass concentration, especially when the PM2.5 concentration was lower than 30 μg/m3. The huge differences in wind fields between the winter and summer cause considerable variations in PM2.5 concentrations, components, and OP. Our work emphasizes the necessity of long-term, multi-method, multi-component assessment of the OP of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo Xing
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Greater Bay Area, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Yaling Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jinghao Zhai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Baohua Cai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Antai Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tzung-May Fu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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12
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Moufarrej L, Verdin A, Cazier F, Ledoux F, Courcot D. Oxidative stress response in pulmonary cells exposed to different fractions of PM 2.5-0.3 from urban, traffic and industrial sites. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114572. [PMID: 36244444 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the relationship between oxidative stress damages and particulate matter (PM) chemical composition, sources, and PM fractions. PM2.5-0.3 (PM with equivalent aerodynamic diameter between 2.5 and 0.3 μm) were collected at urban, road traffic and industrial sites in the North of France, and were characterized for major and minor chemical species. Four different fractions (whole PM2.5-0.3, organic, water-soluble and non-extractable matter) were considered for each of the PM2.5-0.3 samples from the three sites. After exposure of BEAS-2B cells to the four different fractions, oxidative stress was studied in cells by quantifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, oxidative damage to proteins (carbonylated proteins), membrane alteration (8-isoprostane) and DNA damages (8-OHdG). Whole PM2.5-0.3 was capable of inducing ROS overproduction and caused damage to proteins at higher levels than other fractions. Stronger cell membrane and DNA damages were found associated with PM and organic fractions from the urban site. ROS overproduction was correlated with level of expression of carbonylated proteins, DNA damages and membrane alteration markers. The PM2.5-0.3 collected under industrial influence appears to be the less linked to cell damages and ROS production in comparison with the other influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia Moufarrej
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Anthony Verdin
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Fabrice Cazier
- Centre Commun de Mesures, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Frédéric Ledoux
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France.
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France
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13
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Ezhilkumar MR, Karthikeyan S, Aswini AR, Hegde P. Seasonal and vertical characteristics of particulate and elemental concentrations along diverse street canyons in South India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:85883-85903. [PMID: 34240305 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The impact of street geometries on vertical dispersion of PMs (PM2.5 and PM10) in (1) non-street canyon (NSC), (2) street canyon (SC), and (3) street canyon with viaduct (SCV) was studied during four seasons. The chemical composition of the species was analysed for source apportionment. The mass concentration of PMs in canyons was in the order of SCV > SC > NSC, implicating the canyon effect. Independent of height, most of the PM concentrations in SC and SCV violated the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines in all three street geometries. The vertical concentration trend of PMs was significant during winter and summer seasons in NSC and SC. The vertical trend of both PMs was significant during summer and monsoon seasons in SCV. The seasonal change in PMs' vertical trend was influenced by atmospheric stability, wind velocities associated with street morphology, and emission sources. The ratio of PM2.5/PM10 indicated the dominance of PM10 in all three locations. Among the estimated species, Fe (crustal and vehicle) and Na (sea salt and crustal) were abundant in PM2.5 and PM10, respectively. Estimation of enrichment factor (EF) revealed that most of the emission sources were anthropogenic in PM2.5 and natural in PM10. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed crustal/soil dust, vehicular emission, and sea salt to the common source profile for PMs. Specific contribution of smoking activity contributed to Be and Tl in PM2.5, which may be considered a site-specific source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marimuthu Rajendran Ezhilkumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 008, India.
- Centre for Environmental Studies, College of Engineering Guindy, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 025, India.
| | - Singaram Karthikeyan
- Centre for Environmental Studies, College of Engineering Guindy, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 025, India
| | - Aravindan Rema Aswini
- Space Physics Laboratory, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695022, India
| | - Prashant Hegde
- Space Physics Laboratory, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695022, India
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14
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Serafini MM, Maddalon A, Iulini M, Galbiati V. Air Pollution: Possible Interaction between the Immune and Nervous System? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192316037. [PMID: 36498110 PMCID: PMC9738575 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental pollutants is a serious and common public health concern associated with growing morbidity and mortality worldwide, as well as economic burden. In recent years, the toxic effects associated with air pollution have been intensively studied, with a particular focus on the lung and cardiovascular system, mainly associated with particulate matter exposure. However, epidemiological and mechanistic studies suggest that air pollution can also influence skin integrity and may have a significant adverse impact on the immune and nervous system. Air pollution exposure already starts in utero before birth, potentially causing delayed chronic diseases arising later in life. There are, indeed, time windows during the life of individuals who are more susceptible to air pollution exposure, which may result in more severe outcomes. In this review paper, we provide an overview of findings that have established the effects of air pollutants on the immune and nervous system, and speculate on the possible interaction between them, based on mechanistic data.
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15
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Rafiee A, Delgado-Saborit JM, Aquilina NJ, Amiri H, Hoseini M. Assessing oxidative stress resulting from environmental exposure to metals (Oids) in a middle Eastern population. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:2649-2668. [PMID: 34390449 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01065-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of metals and metalloids derived mainly from anthropogenic activities have increased considerably in the environment. Metals might be associated with increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage, potentially related to several health outcomes. This study has recruited 200 adult participants, including 110 males and 90 females in Shiraz (Iran), to investigate the relationship between chronic exposure to metals and ROS damage by analyzing malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) concentrations, and has evaluated the associations between chronic metal exposure and ROS damage using regression analysis. Our findings showed participants are chronically exposed to elevate As, Ni, Hg, and Pb levels. The mean urinary concentrations of 8-OHdG and MDA were 3.8 ± 2.35 and 214 ± 134 µg/g creatinine, respectively. This study shows that most heavy metals are correlated with urinary ROS biomarkers (R ranges 0.19 to 0.64). In addition, regression analysis accounting for other confounding factors such as sex, age, smoking status, and teeth filling with amalgam highlights that Al, Cu, Si and Sn are associated with 8-OHdG concentrations, while an association between Cr and MDA and 8-OHdG is suggested. Smoking cigarettes and water-pipe is considered a significant contributory factor for both ROS biomarkers (MDA and 8-OHdG).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ata Rafiee
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Juana Maria Delgado-Saborit
- Perinatal Epidemiology, Environmental Health and Clinical Research, School of Medicine, Universitat Jaume I, Castellon, Spain
- ISGlobal Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
- Population Health and Environmental Sciences, Analytical Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Division of Environmental Health & Risk Management, School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Noel J Aquilina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malta, Msida, 2080, MSD, Malta
| | - Hoda Amiri
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hoseini
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Razi blvd, Kuye Zahra Street, Shiraz, Iran.
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16
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Chen SS, Wang TQ, Song WC, Tang ZJ, Cao ZM, Chen HJ, Lian Y, Hu X, Zheng WJ, Lian HZ. A novel particulate matter sampling and cell exposure strategy based on agar membrane for cytotoxicity study. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134473. [PMID: 35367490 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Laboratories use different strategies to sample and extract atmospheric particulate matter (PM), some of which can be very complicated. Due to the absence of a standard protocol, it is difficult to compare the results of PM toxicity assessment across different laboratories. Here, we proposed a novel PM sampling and cell exposure strategy based on agar membrane. The agar membrane, prepared by a simple freeze-drying method, has a relatively flat surface and porous interior. We demonstrated that the agar membrane was a reliable substitute material for PM sampling. Then the PM on the agar membranes was directly extracted with the culture medium by vortex method, and the PM on the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filters was extracted with water by the traditional ultrasonic method for comparison. The extraction efficiency was evaluated and in vitro cytotoxicity assays were carried out to investigate the toxic effects of PM extracted with two strategies on macrophage cells. The results showed that the PM extracted from agar membranes induced higher cytotoxicity and more differentially expressed proteins. Overall, the novel PM sampling-cell exposure strategy based on the agar membrane is easy to operate, biocompatible and comparable, and has low disturbance, could be an alternative sampling and extraction method for PM toxicity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Si Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tian-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wan-Chen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhao-Ming Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong-Juan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yi Lian
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, QC, H3A 1A2, Canada
| | - Xin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei-Juan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong-Zhen Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Accumulated oxidative stress risk in HUVECs by chronic exposure to non-observable acute effect levels of PM 2.5. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 82:105376. [PMID: 35550414 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have reported the accumulation of non-observable acute effect (NOAE) of PM2.5, especially exposure to the NOAE doses (NOAEDs) of PM2.5 in chronic way. To address this issue, HUVECs were cultured from the 1st to 30th generations (G1 to G30) and treated by the NOAED PM2.5 once every three passages. The generational changes of oxidative damage markers, inflammatory factors, and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) were monitored in HUVECs at G6, G12, G18, G24, and G30, and proteomes at G18 and G30, respectively. The oxidative damages monotonically accumulated with exposure time elongation and PM2.5 dose increases. Similar to the oxidative trends, VCAM1 and ICAM1 significantly and dose-dependently increased at G30. However, many inflammatory factors altered with complex patterns to respond the NOAEDs' PM2.5. Proteomic results demonstrated most proteins expressed stably, and the generational proteome alterations were more apparent than the NOAEDs' PM2.5 induced ones. The PM2.5-related proteins varied much, but only few can cross the doses and generations. These observations suggested that the proteins changed holistically rather than individually. In summary, SOD1, SUMO2, and H3F3A may initiate HUVESs responses to PM2.5, and then broadcast and accumulate the NOAE via DNA repair, immune response, and glycolysis.
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18
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Rahman MM, Thurston G. A hybrid satellite and land use regression model of source-specific PM 2.5 and PM 2.5 constituents. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 163:107233. [PMID: 35429918 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although PM2.5 mass varies in source and composition over time and space, most health effects assessment have made the inherent assumption that all PM2.5 mass has the same health implications, irrespective of composition. Nationwide estimates of source-specific PM2.5 mass and constituents at local-scale would allow for epidemiological studies and health effects assessments that consider the variability in PM2.5 characteristics in their health impact assessments. In response, we developed US models of annual exposures at the census tract level for five major PM2.5 sources (traffic, soil, coal, oil, and biomass combustion) and six trace elements (elemental carbon, sulfur, silicon, selenium, nickel, and non-soil potassium) for 2001 through 2014. We employed Absolute Factor Analysis (APCA) to derive the source-specific PM2.5 impacts at monitoring stations. Random forest algorithms that incorporated predictors derived from satellite, chemical transport model, and census tract resolution land-use data on traffic, meteorology, and emissions, which were rigorously tested by 10-fold cross-validation (CV), were then employed to estimate elemental and source-specific PM2.5 levels at non-monitoring site census-tracts over the study years. Model performances were moderate to good, with CV R2 ranging from 0.41 to 0.95. For PM2.5 sources, the highest CV R2 was attained for traffic PM2.5 (CV R2 = 0.73), followed by coal (CV R2 = 0.65), oil (CV R2 = 0.62), soil (CV R2 = 0.60), and biomass (CV R2 = 0.41). Among constituents, the CV was highest for sulfur (CV R2 = 0.95). Our analyses provided highly resolved spatial estimates of annual elemental and source-specific PM2.5 concentrations at the census-tract level, for 2001 through 2014. This dataset offers exposure estimates in support of future nationwide long-term health effects studies of source-specific PM2.5 mass and constituents, enabling epidemiological research that addresses the fact that not all particles are the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mostafijur Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, United States.
| | - George Thurston
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, United States; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, United States
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19
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Li J, Li J, Wang G, Ho KF, Han J, Dai W, Wu C, Cao C, Liu L. In-vitro oxidative potential and inflammatory response of ambient PM 2.5 in a rural region of Northwest China: Association with chemical compositions and source contribution. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 205:112466. [PMID: 34863982 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by atmospheric particles and subsequent inflammatory responses are considered as one of the most important pathological mechanisms with regard to the adverse effects of air pollution exposure. In this study, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) samples were collected at a rural site in Guanzhong Basin, Northwest China, in both summer (August 3-23, 2016) and winter (January 5-February 1, 2017). Then, human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to the PM2.5, cultured for 24 h, and then assayed for particle-induced ROS and three inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)) in vitro. The oxidative potential (OP) induced by winter PM2.5 samples was higher than that induced by summertime samples, whereas inflammatory values showed contrasting seasonal variations. Both OP and inflammatory factors were significantly correlated with most chemical compounds in winter, but not in summer, which was thought to be related mainly to the higher contribution from secondary aerosols formed during the warm season. Source apportionment results showed secondary aerosols formation have significant contribution to OP of PM2.5 in both seasons, but the dominant oxidation processes is different. Secondary nitrates-related process was the major contributors regulating the OP in winter; however, secondary sulfates formation were mainly responsible for the ROS responses in summer. For primary emission, biomass burning, rather than coal emission or vehicle exhaust, was the significant source for OP of PM2.5 in winter. In most cases, the source contribution of each inflammatory factor was similar to that of the ROS. Our results highlighted the significant health risk of atmospheric aerosols from biomass burning in the rural regions of Guanzhong Basin, Northwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Li
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Jin Li
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Gehui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, 3663 N. Zhongshan Rd., Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Kin Fai Ho
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Health Risk Analysis, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Han
- College of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Wenting Dai
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Can Wu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, 3663 N. Zhongshan Rd., Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Cong Cao
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Lang Liu
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China
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20
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Miri M, Rezaei H, Momtaz SM, Najafi ML, Adli A, Pajohanfar NS, Abroudi M, Bazghandi MS, Razavi Z, Alonso L, Tonne C, Basagaña X, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Sunyer J, Nawrot TS, Dadvand P. Determinants of carbon load in airway macrophages in pregnant women. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 297:118765. [PMID: 34973383 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The airway macrophages carbon loading (AMCL) has been suggested to be a biomarker of the long-term exposure to air pollution; however, to date no study has characterized AMCL for the pregnancy period. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the determinants of AMCL during pregnancy in Iran, a middle-income country. This study was based on a sample of 234 pregnant women with term and normal vaginal delivery who were residing in Sabzevar, Iran (2019). We characterized 35 potential determinants of personal exposure to air pollution for each participant, including six personal, nine indoor, and 20 home-outdoor factors. We applied Deletion/Substitution/Addition algorithm to identify the most relevant determinants that could predict AMCL levels. The median (IQR) of AMCL level was 0.12 (0.30) μm2 with a successful sputum induction in 82.9% (194) of participants. Ambient residential PM2.5 levels were positively associated with higher AMCL levels. On the other hand, increased residential distance to the traffic lights, squares and ring-roads, the duration of opening window per day, and opening window during cooking were inversely associated with AMCL levels. Our findings provide novel insights on the different personal, indoor, and outdoor determinants of personal exposure to air pollution during pregnancy in a middle-income country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Miri
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Hossein Rezaei
- Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Momtaz
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Zarand School of Nursing, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Moslem Lari Najafi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Adli
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Nasim Sadat Pajohanfar
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mina Abroudi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Malihe Sadat Bazghandi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Zahra Razavi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Lucia Alonso
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Cathryn Tonne
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Payam Dadvand
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
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21
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Wang Y, Puthussery JV, Yu H, Liu Y, Salana S, Verma V. Sources of cellular oxidative potential of water-soluble fine ambient particulate matter in the Midwestern United States. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:127777. [PMID: 34838366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the spatiotemporal distribution and sources of cellular oxidative potential (OP) in the Midwest US. Weekly samples were collected from three urban [Chicago (IL), Indianapolis (IN), and St. Louis (MO)], one rural [Bondville (IL], and one roadside site [Champaign (IL)] for a year (May 2018 to May 2019), and analyzed for water-soluble cellular OP using a macrophage reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay. Chemical composition of the samples including several carbonaceous components, inorganic ions, and water-soluble elementals, were also analyzed. The emission sources contributing to water-soluble cellular OP and PM2.5 mass were analyzed using positive matrix factorization. The secondary organic aerosols contributed substantially (≥54%) to PM2.5 cellular OP at urban sites, while the roadside and rural OP were dominated by road dust (54%) and agricultural activities (62%), respectively. However, none of these sources contributed substantially to the PM2.5 mass (≤21%). Other sources contributing significantly to the PM2.5 mass, i.e., secondary sulfate and nitrate, biomass burning and coal combustion (14-26%) contributed minimally to the cellular OP (≤13%). Such divergent profiles of the emission sources contributing to cellular OP vs. PM2.5 mass demonstrate the need of considering more health-relevant metrics such as OP in the design of air pollution control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Joseph V Puthussery
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Haoran Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Yicen Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Sudheer Salana
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Vishal Verma
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
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22
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Khoshkam Z, Habibi-Rezaei M, Hassanvand MS, Aftabi Y, Seyedrezazadeh E, Amiri-Sadeghan A, Zarredar H, Roshangar L, Gholampour A, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. The oxidative and neurotoxic potentials of the ambient PM 2.5 extracts: The efficient multi-solvent extraction method. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 810:152291. [PMID: 34902406 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The health effects of ambient air particulate matter with a diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) on the central nervous system are well known and the induced oxidative stress has been shown as their main neuropathologic outcome. Ambient air PM2.5 sampling methods mostly use air sampler systems that collect PM2.5 on filters, which is followed by a PM2.5 extraction approach. Inefficient extraction may lead to compositional bias and unreal interpretation of the results. This study aimed to compare our proposed multi-solvent extraction (MSE) approach for PM2.5 extraction with a conventional aqueous extraction (AqE) method using the analysis of oxidative effects and cytotoxicity in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. Ambient PM2.5 samples were collected from an urban traffic location in Tehran city, the capital of Iran, using a high-volume sampler. The developed MSE method was proved to have superior advantages over the AqE method including an increased extraction efficiency (as much as 96 against 48% for PMms and PMaq, respectively), and decreased artifacts and compositional biases. Ambient PM2.5, besides PMms and PMaq were analyzed for water-soluble ions, metals, and major elements. Dithiothreitol, ascorbic acid, lipid peroxidation, and cell viability assays on SH-SY5Y cells represented the significantly higher oxidative potential for PMms compared to PMaq. The increased cytotoxicity may occur because of the increased oxidative potential of PMms and possibly is associated with higher efficiency of the MSE over the AqE method for removal of total redox-active PM components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khoshkam
- College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehran Habibi-Rezaei
- College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Center of Excellence in NanoBiomedicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Younes Aftabi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ensiyeh Seyedrezazadeh
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Amiri-Sadeghan
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Habib Zarredar
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Akbar Gholampour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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23
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Lai A, Baumgartner J, Schauer JJ, Rudich Y, Pardo M. Cytotoxicity and chemical composition of women's personal PM 2.5 exposures from rural China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: ATMOSPHERES 2021; 1:359-371. [PMID: 34604754 PMCID: PMC8459644 DOI: 10.1039/d1ea00022e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Personal exposure PM samples aid in determining the sources and chemical composition of real-world exposures, particularly in settings with household air pollution. However, their use in toxicological research is limited, despite uncertainty regarding health effects in these settings and evidence of differential toxicity among PM2.5 sources and components. This study used women's PM2.5 exposure samples collected using personal exposure monitoring in rural villages in three Chinese provinces (Beijing, Shanxi, and Sichuan) during summer and winter. Water-soluble organic carbon, ions, elements, and organic tracers (e.g. levoglucosan and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs]) were quantified in water and organic PM2.5 extracts. Human lung epithelial cells (A549) were exposed to the extracts. Cell death, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and gene expression were measured. Biomass burning contributions were higher in Sichuan samples than in Beijing or Shanxi. Some PM characteristics (total PAHs and coal combustion source contributions) and biological effects of organic extract exposures (cell death, ROS, and cytokine gene expression) shared a common trend of higher levels and effects in winter than in summer for Shanxi and Beijing but no seasonal differences in Sichuan. Modulation of phase I/AhR-related genes (cyp1a1 and cyp1b1) and phase II/oxidative stress-related genes (HO-1, SOD1/2, NQO-1, and catalase) was either low or insignificant, without clear trends between samples. No significant cell death or ROS production was observed for water extract treatments among all sites and seasons, even at possible higher concentrations tested. These results support organic components, particularly PAHs, as essential drivers of biological effects, which is consistent with some other evidence from ambient PM2.5. Direct measurement with personal samplers captures the chemical complexity of PM2.5 exposures better than fixed monitors. To investigate biological effects, lung cells were exposed to extracts of exposure PM2.5 samples.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Lai
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel
| | - Jill Baumgartner
- Institute for Health and Social Policy, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - James J Schauer
- Environmental Chemistry & Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA
| | - Yinon Rudich
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel
| | - Michal Pardo
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel
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24
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Manivannan J, Sundaresan L. Systems level insights into the impact of airborne exposure on SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and COVID-19 outcome - A multi-omics big data study. GENE REPORTS 2021; 25:101312. [PMID: 34401607 PMCID: PMC8358088 DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that led to more than 800,00 deaths and continues to be a major threat worldwide. The scientific community has been studying the risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenesis. Recent studies highlight the possible contribution of atmospheric air pollution, specifically particulate matter (PM) exposure as a co-factor in COVID-19 severity. Hence, meaningful translation of suitable omics datasets of SARS-CoV-2 infection and PM exposure is warranted to understand the possible involvement of airborne exposome on COVID-19 outcome. Publicly available transcriptomic data (microarray and RNA-Seq) related to COVID-19 lung biopsy, SARS-CoV-2 infection in epithelial cells and PM exposure (lung tissue, epithelial and endothelial cells) were obtained in addition with proteome and interactome datasets. System-wide pathway/network analysis was done through appropriate software tools and data resources. The primary findings are; 1. There is no robust difference in the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry factors upon particulate exposure, 2. The upstream pathways associated with upregulated genes during SARS-CoV-2 infection considerably overlap with that of PM exposure, 3. Similar pathways were differentially expressed during SARS-CoV-2 infection and PM exposure, 4. SARS-CoV-2 interacting host factors were predicted to be associated with the molecular impact of PM exposure and 5. Differentially expressed pathways during PM exposure may increase COVID-19 severity. Based on the observed molecular mechanisms (direct and indirect effects) the current study suggests that airborne PM exposure has to be considered as an additional co-factor in the outcome of COVID-19.
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Key Words
- ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
- COVID-19
- COVID19, coronavirus disease 2019
- CTSB, cathepsin B
- CTSL, cathepsin L
- DEG, differentially expressed genes
- GEO, Gene Expression Omnibus
- GSEA, gene set enrichment analysis
- IL-17, interleukin-17
- Microarray
- Omics
- PM, particulate matter
- PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
- PPI, protein-protein interaction
- PTM, post-translational modification
- Particulate matter
- Pathway analysis
- Proteome
- RNA-seq
- SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
- TLR, Toll-like receptor
- TMPRSS2, transmembrane protease, serine 2
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- X2K, eXpression2Kinases
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeganathan Manivannan
- Environmental Health and Toxicology Lab, Department of Environmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lakshmikirupa Sundaresan
- Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
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25
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Yang Z, Liu Q, Liu Y, Qi X, Wang X. Cell cycle arrest of human bronchial epithelial cells modulated by differences in chemical components of particulate matter. RSC Adv 2021; 11:10582-10591. [PMID: 35423563 PMCID: PMC8695810 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10563e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest in understanding the role of airborne chemical components in modulating the cell cycle of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells that is associated with burden of cardiopulmonary disease. To address this need, our study collected ambient PM10 (particles with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 μm) and PM2.5 (particles with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm) across four sampling sites in Beijing during the year of 2015. Chemical components including organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), metals and water soluble ions were determined. Spearman's rank-order correlation was performed to examine the associations between chemical components in ambient particles and cell cycle distributions with p-values adjusted by Bonferroni methodology. Our results demonstrated the significant associations between certain chemical compositions (i.e., PAHs, EC, As and Ni) and percentages of HBE cells in G0/G1 and G1/G2 phases, respectively. Our results highlighted the need to reduce the specific toxins (e.g., PAHs, EC, As and Ni) from ambient particles to protect cardiopulmonary health associated with air pollution. Future study may focus on illustrating the mechanism of certain chemical compositions in altering the cell cycle in HBE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yang
- Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center Beijing 100076 China
| | - Qingyang Liu
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing Jiangsu Province 210037 China
| | - Yanju Liu
- Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center Beijing 100076 China .,Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis Beijing 100089 China
| | - Xuekui Qi
- Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis Beijing 100089 China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis Beijing 100089 China
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26
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Cheng Y, Ma Y, Dong B, Qiu X, Hu D. Pollutants from primary sources dominate the oxidative potential of water-soluble PM 2.5 in Hong Kong in terms of dithiothreitol (DTT) consumption and hydroxyl radical production. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124218. [PMID: 33092883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Increasing scientific findings show that the adverse health effects of PM2.5 are related not only to its mass but also PM2.5 sources and chemical compositions. Here, we conducted a comprehensive characterization and source apportionment of oxidative potential (OP) of water-soluble PM2.5 collected in Hong Kong for one year. Two OP indicators, namely dithiothreitol (DTT) consumption and ∙OH formation, were quantified. Six PM2.5 sources, i.e. secondary sulfate, biomass burning, secondary organic aerosol (SOA), vehicle emissions, marine vessels, and a metal-related factor, were apportioned and identified to be DTT active. The four primary sources accounted for 83.5% of DTT activity of water-soluble PM2.5, with the metal-related factor and marine vessels as the leading contributors. However, only three sources, i.e. metal-related factor, vehicle emissions, and SOA, showed ∙OH generation ability, with a predominant contribution of 96.2% from the two primary sources, especially the metal-related factor (84.5%). Based on the source apportionment results, we further evaluate the intrinsic OP of water-soluble PM2.5 from each source. Marine vessels exhibited the highest intrinsic DTT activity; while metal-related factor was most effective in ∙OH generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiqiu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen Virtual University Park, Shenzhen 518057, PR China
| | - Biao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xinghua Qiu
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Di Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen Virtual University Park, Shenzhen 518057, PR China.
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27
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Geng N, Song X, Cao R, Luo Y, A M, Cai Z, Yu K, Gao Y, Ni Y, Zhang H, Chen J. The effect of toxic components on metabolomic response of male SD rats exposed to fine particulate matter. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 272:115922. [PMID: 33139092 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 pollution was associated with numerous adverse health effects. However, PM2.5 induced toxic effects and the relationships with toxic components remain largely unknown. To evaluate the metabolic toxicity of PM2.5 at environmentally relevant doses, investigate the seasonal variation of PM2.5 induced toxicity and the relationship with toxic components, a combination of general pathophysiological tests and metabolomics analysis was conducted in this study to explore the response of SD rats to PM2.5 exposure. The result of general toxicology analysis revealed unconspicuous toxicity of PM2.5 under environmental dose, but winter PM2.5 at high dose caused severe histopathological damage to lung. Metabolomic analysis highlighted significant metabolic disorder induced by PM2.5 even at environmentally relevant doses. Lipid metabolism and GSH metabolism were primarily influenced by PM2.5 exposure due to the high levels of heavy metals. In addition, high levels of organic compounds such as PAHs, PCBs and PCDD/Fs in winter PM2.5 bring multiple overlaps on the toxic pathways, resulting in larger pulmonary toxicity and metabolic toxicity in rats than summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningbo Geng
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Xiaoyao Song
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Rong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mila A
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116028, China
| | - Zhengang Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Kejie Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Yuwen Ni
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Jiping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China.
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Altuwayjiri A, Taghvaee S, Mousavi A, Sowlat MH, Hassanvand MS, Kashani H, Faridi S, Yunesian M, Naddafi K, Sioutas C. Association of systemic inflammation and coagulation biomarkers with source-specific PM 2.5 mass concentrations among young and elderly subjects in central Tehran. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2021; 71:191-208. [PMID: 32758070 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2020.1806140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the association between short-term exposure to different sources of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and biomarkers of coagulation and inflammation in two different panels of elderly and healthy young individuals in central Tehran. Five biomarkers, including white blood cells (WBC), high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), tumor necrosis factor-soluble receptor-II (sTNF-RII), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were analyzed in the blood samples drawn every 8 weeks from the subjects between May 2012 and May 2013. The studied populations consisted of 44 elderly individuals at a retirement home as well as 40 young adults residing at a school dormitory. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF)-resolved source-specific PM2.5 mass concentrations and biomarker levels were used as the input to the linear mixed-effects regression model to evaluate the impact of exposure to previously identified PM sources at retirement home and school dormitory in two time lag configurations: lag 1-3 (1-3 days before the blood sampling), and lag 4-6 (4-6 days before the blood sampling). Our analysis of the elderly revealed positive associations of all biomarkers (except hsCRP) with particles of secondary origin in both time lags, further corroborating the toxicity of secondary aerosols formed by photochemical processing in central Tehran. Moreover, industrial emissions, and road dust particles were positively associated with WBC, sTNF-RII, and IL-6 among seniors, while vehicular emissions exhibited positive associations with all biomarkers in either first- or second-time lag. In contrast, most of the PM2.5 sources showed insignificant associations with biomarkers of inflammation in the panel of healthy young subjects. Therefore, findings from this study indicated that various PM2.5 sources increase the levels of inflammation and coagulation biomarkers, although the strength and significance of these associations vary depending on the type of PM sources, demographic characteristics, and differ across the different time lags. Implications: Tehran, the capital of Iran with a population of more than 9 million people, has been facing serious air pollution challenges as a result of extensive vehicular, and industrial activities in the previous years. Among various air pollutants in Tehran, fine particulate matters (PM2.5, particles with aerodynamic diameters < 2.5 µm) are known as one of the most important critical pollutants, causing several adverse health impacts including lung cancer, respiratory, cardiovascular, and cardiopulmonary diseases. Therefore, a number of studies in the area have tried to investigate the adverse health impacts of exposure to PM2.5. However, no studies have ever been conducted in Tehran to examine the association between specific PM2.5 sources and biomarkers of coagulation and systemic inflammation as indicators of cardiovascular disorders. Indeed, this is the first study in the area investigating the association of source-specific PM2.5 with biomarkers of inflammation including white blood cells (WBC), high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), tumor necrosis factor-soluble receptor-II (sTNF-RII), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and von Willebrand factor (vWF). Our results have important implications for policy makers in identifying the most toxic sources of PM2.5, and in turn designing schemes for mitigating adverse health impacts of air pollution in Tehran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulmalik Altuwayjiri
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sina Taghvaee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amirhosein Mousavi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad H Sowlat
- Advanced Monitoring Technologies, Science and Technology Advancement Division, South Coast Air Quality Management District , Diamond Bar, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Kashani
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Sasan Faridi
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Naddafi
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA, USA
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29
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Wu N, Lu B, Chen J, Li X. Size distributions of particle-generated hydroxyl radical (·OH) in surrogate lung fluid (SLF) solution and their potential sources. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115582. [PMID: 33017744 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although it is known that increases in ambient particulate matter (PM) levels are associated with elevated occurrence of adverse health outcomes, the understanding of the mechanisms of PM-related health effects is limited by our knowledge of how particle size and composition are altered subsequent to inhalation through respiratory-deposited processing. Here we present a particle-generated hydroxyl radical (·OH) study of the size-resolved particles as particles are inhaled in the human respiratory tract (RT), and we show that accumulation-mode particles are significant factors (71-75%) in ·OH generation of lung-deposited particles using Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) model. The ability of PM to catalyze ·OH generation is mainly related to transition metals, particularly towards the upper regions of the RT (75%), and to quinones deeper in the lung (42-46%). Identification of this generation ability induced by chemical composition has shown that four potential sources (biomass burning, incomplete combustion, mobile & industry, and mineral dust) are responsible for ·OH generation. With ·OH-forming ability after PM inhalation implicated as the first step towards revealing the subsequent toxic processes, this work draws a connection between the detailed ·OH chemistry occurring on size-resolved particles and a possible toxicological mechanism based on chemical composition and sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wu
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Bingqing Lu
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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30
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Khandouzi N, Zahedmehr A, Nasrollahzadeh J. Effect of polyphenol-rich extra-virgin olive oil on lipid profile and inflammatory biomarkers in patients undergoing coronary angiography: a randomised, controlled, clinical trial. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 72:548-558. [PMID: 33121297 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1841123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to compare the effects of high polyphenol extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) with low polyphenol refined olive oil (ROO) on some cardiovascular risk factors in patients undergoing coronary angiography. In a randomised, controlled, parallel-arm, clinical trial, 40 patients with at least one classic cardiovascular risk factor who referred to coronary angiography were randomly allocated to two groups and receied 25 mL EVOO or ROO daily for 6 weeks. Plasma LDL-cholesterol significantly reduced in EVOO group (-9.52 ± 20.44 vs 8.68 ± 18.77 mg/dL, p = .007 for EVOO and ROO respectively). EVOO resulted in a significant reduction in plasma CRP (-0.40 ± 0.52 vs 0.007 ± 0.42 mg/L, p = .01 for EVOO and ROO respectively) and increased ex-vivo whole blood LPS-stimulated IL-10 production (12.13 ± 33.64 vs -17.47 ± 49.04 pg/mL, p = .035 for EVOO and ROO respectively). Daily consumption of polyphenol-rich EVOO in subjects who have been under medical treatment with risk-reducing agents could additionally improve LDL-C and selected inflammatory markers. Trial Registration Number: NCT03796780.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Khandouzi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, National Nutrition, and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zahedmehr
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical & Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Nasrollahzadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, National Nutrition, and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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31
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Vo TTT, Wu CZ, Lee IT. Potential effects of noxious chemical-containing fine particulate matter on oral health through reactive oxygen species-mediated oxidative stress: Promising clues. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 182:114286. [PMID: 33069666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, air pollution which is dominated by fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 µm resulting from rapid industrialization and urbanization combined with population explosion has become more and more severe problem to mankind and the whole planet because of its diversity of deleterious effects. The latest data estimated that exposure to fine particulate matter, or PM2.5, contributes to approximately 4 million deaths worldwide due to cardiopulmonary conditions such as heart disease and stroke, respiratory infections, chronic lung disease and lung cancer. During recent years, there has been growing concern about the adverse effects of this global threat on oral health which is one of key components of general health and quality of life. Although a few studies have reported such possible association, the findings are still far from conclusion. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To our knowledge, the analysis of literature regarding this scope has yet been published. Thus, current work systematically assesses existing evidences on the potential association between exposure to PM2.5 and the development of various oral diseases as well as figures out the plausible paradigm of PM2.5-induced damages in the oral cavity through its toxic chemical constituents along with its ability to induce oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species production. This might partially provide the clues for new research ideas and progression in the field of oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Tien Vo
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Zong Wu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Ta Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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32
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Li M, Wei X, Li Y, Feng T, Jiang L, Zhu H, Yu X, Tang J, Chen G, Zhang J, Zhang X. PM2.5 in poultry houses synergizes with Pseudomonas aeruginosa to aggravate lung inflammation in mice through the NF-κB pathway. J Vet Sci 2020; 21:e46. [PMID: 32476320 PMCID: PMC7263920 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High concentrations of particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) in poultry houses is an important cause of respiratory disease in animals and humans. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that can induce severe respiratory disease in animals under stress or with abnormal immune functions. When excessively high concentrations of PM2.5 in poultry houses damage the respiratory system and impair host immunity, secondary infections with P. aeruginosa can occur and produce a more intense inflammatory response, resulting in more severe lung injury. Objectives In this study, we focused on the synergistic induction of inflammatory injury in the respiratory system and the related molecular mechanisms induced by PM2.5 and P. aeruginosa in poultry houses. Methods High-throughput 16S rDNA sequence analysis was used for characterizing the bacterial diversity and relative abundance of the PM2.5 samples, and the effects of PM2.5 and P. aeruginosa stimulation on inflammation were detected by in vitro and in vivo. Results Sequencing results indicated that the PM2.5 in poultry houses contained a high abundance of potentially pathogenic genera, such as Pseudomonas (2.94%). The lung tissues of mice had more significant pathological damage when co-stimulated by PM2.5 and P. aeruginosa, and it can increase the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α through nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway in vivo and in vitro. Conclusions The results confirmed that poultry house PM2.5 in combination with P. aeruginosa could aggravate the inflammatory response and cause more severe respiratory system injuries through a process closely related to the activation of the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Safty Monitoring and Risk Assessment for Animal Products, Ji'nan 250022, China
| | - Xiuli Wei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Safty Monitoring and Risk Assessment for Animal Products, Ji'nan 250022, China
| | - Youzhi Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Safty Monitoring and Risk Assessment for Animal Products, Ji'nan 250022, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Safty Monitoring and Risk Assessment for Animal Products, Ji'nan 250022, China
| | - Linlin Jiang
- College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, China.,Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, China.,Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Xin Yu
- College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, China.,Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Jinxiu Tang
- College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, China.,Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Guozhong Chen
- College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, China.,Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Jianlong Zhang
- College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, China.,Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, China.
| | - Xingxiao Zhang
- College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, China.,Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, China.
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Quercetin Intervention Alleviates Offspring's Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Tight Junction Damage in the Colon Induced by Maternal Fine Particulate Matter (PM 2.5) Exposure through the Reduction of Bacteroides. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103095. [PMID: 33050645 PMCID: PMC7601264 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The influences of maternal fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure on intestinal oxidative stress, inflammation, tight junctions, and gut microbiota of offspring are not well understood. Moreover, research on the dietary intervention method has not been well studied. In our study, dams received PM2.5 and quercetin intervention during gestation and lactation, and then inflammation biomarkers, oxidative stress indicators, tight junction proteins, and gut microbiota in the colon of offspring were analyzed. Compared with the control group, lower catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, higher interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and interleukin-22 (IL-22), decreased ZO-1 and occludin expressions, and higher Bacteroides abundance were observed in the offspring mice of the PM2.5 group. However, higher CAT and SOD activities, lower IL-17A and IL-22 levels, increased ZO-1 and occludin expressions, and lower Bacteroides abundance were found in the quercetin groups. In addition, there was a negative correlation between Bacteroides abundance and CAT concentration. Additionally, Bacteroides abundance was positively related to IL-17A and IL-22 levels. These findings suggest that maternal PM2.5 exposure may have some certain effects on intestinal oxidative stress, inflammation, and tight junctions. Quercetin administration may protect the offspring against these adverse effects. Changes of Bacteroides abundance play an important role in the process.
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Zhou S, Xi Y, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Wu C, Yan W, Luo A, Wu T, Zhang J, Wu M, Dai J, Shen W, Zhang F, Ding W, Wang S. Ovarian Dysfunction Induced by Chronic Whole-Body PM2.5 Exposure. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2000845. [PMID: 32686359 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202000845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution arouses public health concerns over the world. Increasing epidemiologic evidence suggests that exposure to ambient airborne PM2.5 increases the risk of female infertility. However, relatively few studies have systematically explored the harmful effect of chronic PM2.5 exposure on ovarian function and the underlying mechanisms. In this study, female C57BL/6J mice are exposed to filtered air or urban airborne PM2.5 for 4 months through a whole-body exposure system. It is found that PM2.5 exposure significantly caused the alteration of estrus cycles, reproductivity, hormone levels, and ovarian reserve. The granulosa cell apoptosis via the mitochondria dependent pathway contributes to the follicle atresia. With RNA-sequencing technique, the differentially expressed genes induced by PM2.5 exposure are mainly enriched in ovarian steroidogenesis, reactive oxygen species and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Furthermore, it is found that increased PM2.5 profoundly exacerbated ovarian oxidative stress and inflammation in mice through the NF-κB/IL-6 signaling pathway. Notably, dietary polydatin (PD) supplement has protective effect in mice against PM2.5-induced ovarian dysfunction.These striking findings demonstrate that PM2.5 and/or air pollution is a critical factor for ovarian dysfunction through mitochondria-dependent and NF-κB/IL-6-mediated pathway, and PD may serve as a pharmaceutic candidate for air pollution-associated ovarian dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yueyue Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zezhong Zhang
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Aiyue Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jinjin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenjun Ding
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shixuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
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Jan R, Roy R, Bhor R, Pai K, Satsangi PG. Toxicological screening of airborne particulate matter in atmosphere of Pune: Reactive oxygen species and cellular toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 261:113724. [PMID: 32078875 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Present study screened the toxicological assessment of airborne particulate matter (PM), mechanistic investigation, relationship between the physicochemical characteristics and its associated toxic response. The average concentration of both PM10 and PM2.5 exceeded the Indian National Ambient Air Quality Standards. In present study, PM bound metals; Fe, Cu, Cr, Ni, Mn, Pb, Cd, Zn, Sr and Co have been taken into account with total metal concentration of 0.83 and 0.44 μg m-3 of PM10 and PM2.5 mass concentrations, respectively. The contribution of redox active metals (Fe, Cu, Cr, Ni and Mn) in PM was more as compared to non-redox metals (Pb, Cd and Co) indicating significant risk to the exposed population as these metals possess the ability to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are responsible for various diseases. The cytotoxicity profiles of PM samples determined by MTT assay on two different cell lines (A549 and PBMC) exhibited dose-dependent effects after 24 h exposure, but the consequences differ with respect to particle size and sampling periods. A significant decrease in cell viability with varying PM concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 μg ml-1) with respect to control was found in both cell lines. Incubation of RBC suspension with PM samples caused pronounced disruption of RBC and thus exhibited substantial hemolytic behavior. PM samples showed a range of potency to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Almost all PM samples increased the level of pro-inflammatory mediator (Nitric oxide) when compared to corresponding unexposed controls suggesting the important role of reactive nitrogen species in induction of cellular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohi Jan
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Pune, 411007, India
| | - Ritwika Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Pune, 411007, India
| | - Renuka Bhor
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Pune, 411007, India
| | - Kalpana Pai
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Pune, 411007, India
| | - P Gursumeeran Satsangi
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Pune, 411007, India.
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Yang JW, Shen YC, Lin KC, Cheng SJ, Chen SL, Chen CY, Kumar PV, Lin SF, Lu HE, Chen GY. Organ-on-a-Chip: Opportunities for Assessing the Toxicity of Particulate Matter. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:519. [PMID: 32548105 PMCID: PMC7272695 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in epidemiology have confirmed that airborne particulates are directly associated with respiratory pathology and mortality. Although clinical studies have yielded evidence of the effects of many types of fine particulates on human health, it still does not have a complete understanding of how physiological reactions are caused nor to the changes and damages associated with cellular and molecular mechanisms. Currently, most health assessment studies of particulate matter (PM) are conducted through cell culture or animal experiments. The results of such experiments often do not correlate with clinical findings or actual human reactions, and they also cause difficulty when investigating the causes of air pollution and associated human health hazards, the analysis of biomarkers, and the development of future pollution control strategies. Microfluidic-based cell culture technology has considerable potential to expand the capabilities of conventional cell culture by providing high-precision measurement, considerably increasing the potential for the parallelization of cellular assays, ensuring inexpensive automation, and improving the response of the overall cell culture in a more physiologically relevant context. This review paper focuses on integrating the important respiratory health problems caused by air pollution today, as well as the development and application of biomimetic organ-on-a-chip technology. This more precise experimental model is expected to accelerate studies elucidating the effect of PM on the human body and to reveal new opportunities for breakthroughs in disease research and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Degree Program of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Chih Lin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Jen Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shiue-Luen Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chong-You Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Priyank V Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shien-Fong Lin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Huai-En Lu
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Lai AM, Clark S, Carter E, Shan M, Ni K, Yang X, Baumgartner J, Schauer JJ. Impacts of stove/fuel use and outdoor air pollution on chemical composition of household particulate matter. INDOOR AIR 2020; 30:294-305. [PMID: 31880849 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biomass combustion for cooking and heating releases particulate matter (PM2.5 ) that contributes to household air pollution. Fuel and stove types affect the chemical composition of household PM, as does infiltration of outdoor PM. Characterization of these impacts can inform future exposure assessments and epidemiologic studies, but is currently limited. In this study, we measured chemical components of PM2.5 (water-soluble organic matter [WSOM], ions, black carbon, elements, organic tracers) in rural Chinese households using traditional biomass stoves, semi-gasifier stoves with pelletized biomass, and/or non-biomass stoves. We distinguished households using one stove type (traditional, semi-gasifier, or LPG/electric) from those using multiple stoves/fuels. WSOM concentrations were higher in households using only semi-gasifier or traditional stoves (31%-33%) than in those with exclusive LPG/electric stove (13%) or mixed stove use (12%-22%). Inorganic ions comprised 14% of PM in exclusive LPG/electric households, compared to 1%-5% of PM in households using biomass. Total PAH content was much higher in households that used traditional stoves (0.8-2.8 mg/g PM) compared to those that did not (0.1-0.3 mg/g PM). Source apportionment revealed that biomass burning comprised 27%-84% of PM2.5 in households using biomass. In all samples, identified outdoor sources (vehicles, dust, coal combustion, secondary aerosol) contributed 10%-20% of household PM2.5 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Lai
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sierra Clark
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ellison Carter
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, CO, USA
| | - Ming Shan
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Ni
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Yang
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jill Baumgartner
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - James J Schauer
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Xu F, Shi X, Qiu X, Jiang X, Fang Y, Wang J, Hu D, Zhu T. Investigation of the chemical components of ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) associated with in vitro cellular responses to oxidative stress and inflammation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 136:105475. [PMID: 32007923 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) poses a significant risk to human health worldwide, by promoting oxidative stress and inflammation; however, the components responsible for these effects have not been fully evaluated. In this study, we investigated the cellular response of a macrophage cell line exposed to PM2.5 extracts in vitro. We obtained a dataset of chemical components of PM2.5 and determined those associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and secretion of inflammatory cytokines through an orthogonal partial least-squares (OPLS) regression. The results indicated that after water extracts exposure, both ROS and interleukin (IL)-1β levels were positively correlated with transition metals. In cells exposed to dichloromethane extracts, IL-1β secretion was significantly correlated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); meanwhile, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α secretion was negatively associated with secondary nitrated PAHs, suggesting that atmospheric nitration process might modify the biological effects of PM2.5 components. We also performed source apportionment using a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to explore the relative influence of different sources of components on cells. It was found that components from vehicle emissions promoted both ROS and TNF-α, while IL-1β secretion was induced mainly by those from coal combustion. This study provides information regarding PM2.5 components having biological effects, and the sources thereof, which could inform effective measures for controlling this type of air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Xu
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Xiaodi Shi
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Xinghua Qiu
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
| | - Xing Jiang
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Yanhua Fang
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Junxia Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Di Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
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Li X, Jia Y, Nan A, Zhang N, Zhou H, Chen L, Pan X, Qiu M, Zhu J, Zhang H, Ling Y, Jiang Y. CircRNA104250 and lncRNAuc001.dgp.1 promote the PM 2.5-induced inflammatory response by co-targeting miR-3607-5p in BEAS-2B cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113749. [PMID: 31864925 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is closely related to the occurrence and development of airway inflammation. Exploration of the role of PM2.5 in inflammation is the first step towards clarifying the harmful effects of particulate pollution. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying PM2.5-induced airway inflammation are yet to be fully established. In this study, we focused on the specific roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in PM2.5-induced airway inflammation. In a human bronchial epithelial cell line, BEAS-2B, PM2.5 at a concentration of 75 μg/mL induced the inflammatory response. Microarray and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses revealed significant upregulation of circRNA104250 and lncRNAuc001.dgp.1 during the PM2.5-induced inflammatory response in this cell line. Data from functional analyses further showed that both molecules promote an inflammatory response. CircRNA104250 and lncRNAuc001.dgp.1 target miR-3607-5p and affect expression of interleukin 1 receptor 1 (IL1R1), which influences the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. In summary, we have uncovered an underlying mechanism of airway inflammation by PM2.5 involving regulation of ncRNA for the first time, which provides further insights into the toxicological effects of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yangyang Jia
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Aruo Nan
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Hanyu Zhou
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Lijian Chen
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xiujiao Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Miaoyun Qiu
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jialu Zhu
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yihui Ling
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yiguo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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Brehmer C, Norris C, Barkjohn KK, Bergin MH, Zhang J, Cui X, Teng Y, Zhang Y, Black M, Li Z, Shafer MM, Schauer JJ. The impact of household air cleaners on the oxidative potential of PM 2.5 and the role of metals and sources associated with indoor and outdoor exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 181:108919. [PMID: 31753466 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The health effects associated with human exposure to airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) have been linked to the ability of PM2.5 to facilitate the production of excess cellular reactive oxygen species (oxidative potential). Concern about the adverse human health impacts of PM2.5 has led to the increased use of indoor air cleaners to improve indoor air quality, which can be an important environment for PM2.5 exposure. However, the degree to which the oxidative potential of indoor and personal PM2.5 can be influenced by an indoor air cleaner remains unclear. In this study we enrolled 43 children with physician diagnosed asthma in suburban Shanghai, China and collected two paired-sets of 48-h indoor, outdoor, and personal PM2.5 exposure samples. One set of samples was collected under "real filtration" during which a functioning air cleaner was installed in the child's bedroom, and the other ("false filtration") with an air cleaner without internal filters. The PM2.5 samples were characterized by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy for elements, and by an alveolar macrophage assay for oxidative potential. The sources of metals contributing to our samples were determined by the EPA Positive Matrix Factorization model. The oxidative potential was lower under real filtration compared to sham for indoor (median real/sham ratio: 0.260) and personal exposure (0.813) samples. Additionally, the sources of elements in PM2.5 that were reduced indoors and personal exposure samples by the air cleaner (e.g. regional aerosol and roadway emissions) were found by univariate multiple regression models to be among those contributing to the oxidative potential of the samples. An IQR increase in the regional aerosol and roadway emissions sources was associated with a 107% (95% CI: 80.1-138%) and 38.1% (17.6-62.1%) increase in measured oxidative potential respectively. Our results indicate that indoor air cleaners can reduce the oxidative potential of indoor and personal exposure to PM2.5, which may lead to improved human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin Brehmer
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Christina Norris
- Duke University, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 121 Hudson Hall, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Karoline K Barkjohn
- Duke University, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 121 Hudson Hall, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Mike H Bergin
- Duke University, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 121 Hudson Hall, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Duke University, Nicholas School of the Environment, 9 Circuit Dr, Durham, NC, 27710, USA; Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoxing Cui
- Duke University, Nicholas School of the Environment, 9 Circuit Dr, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Yanbo Teng
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yinping Zhang
- Tsinghua University, School of Architecture, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Marilyn Black
- Underwriters Laboratories Inc., Chemical Safety, 2211 Newmarket Parkway, Suite 106, Marietta, GA, 30067, USA
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Martin M Shafer
- Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53718, USA
| | - James J Schauer
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA; Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53718, USA.
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Yousefian F, Faridi S, Azimi F, Aghaei M, Shamsipour M, Yaghmaeian K, Hassanvand MS. Temporal variations of ambient air pollutants and meteorological influences on their concentrations in Tehran during 2012-2017. Sci Rep 2020; 10:292. [PMID: 31941892 PMCID: PMC6962207 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56578-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated temporal variations of ambient air pollutants and the influences of meteorological parameters on their concentrations using a robust method; convergent cross mapping; in Tehran (2012–2017). Tehran citizens were consistently exposed to annual PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 approximately 3.0–4.5, 3.5–4.5 and 1.5–2.5 times higher than the World Health Organization air quality guideline levels during the period. Except for O3, all air pollutants demonstrated the lowest and highest concentrations in summertime and wintertime, respectively. The highest O3 concentrations were found on weekend (weekend effect), whereas other ambient air pollutants had statistically significant (P < 0.05) daily variations in which higher concentrations were observed on weekdays compared to weekend (holiday effect). Hourly O3 concentration reached its peak at 3.00 p.m., though other air pollutants displayed two peaks; morning and late night. Approximately 45% to 65% of AQI values were in the subcategory of unhealthy for sensitive groups and PM2.5 was the responsible air pollutant in Tehran. Amongst meteorological factors, temperature was the key influencing factor for PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations, while nebulosity and solar radiation exerted major influences on ambient SO2 and O3 concentrations. Additionally, there is a moderate coupling between wind speed and NO2 and CO concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Yousefian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sasan Faridi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faramarz Azimi
- Nutrition Health Research Centre, Department of Environment Health, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mina Aghaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Shamsipour
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamyar Yaghmaeian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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42
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Faridi S, Niazi S, Yousefian F, Azimi F, Pasalari H, Momeniha F, Mokammel A, Gholampour A, Hassanvand MS, Naddafi K. Spatial homogeneity and heterogeneity of ambient air pollutants in Tehran. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 697:134123. [PMID: 31484089 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To investigate spatial inequality of ambient air pollutants and comparison of their heterogeneity and homogeneity across Tehran, the following quantitative indicators were utilized: coefficient of divergence (COD), the 90th percentile of the absolute differences between ambient air pollutant concentrations and coefficient of variation (CV). Real-time hourly concentrations of particulate matter (PM) and gaseous air pollutants (GAPs) of twenty-two air quality monitoring stations (AQMSs) were obtained from Tehran Air Quality Control Company (TAQCC) in 2017. Annual mean concentrations of PM2.5, PM10-2.5, and PM10 (PMX) ranged from 21.7 to 40.5, 37.3 to 75.0 and 58.0 to 110.4 μg m-3, respectively. Annual mean PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were higher than the World Health Organization air quality guideline (WHO AQG) and national standard levels. NO2, O3, SO2 and CO annual mean concentrations ranged from 27.0 to 76.8, 15.5 to 25.1, 4.6 to 12.2 ppb, and 1.9 to 3.8 ppm over AQMSs, respectively. Our generated spatial maps exhibited that ambient PMX concentrations increased from the north into south and south-western areas as the hotspots of ambient PMX in Tehran. O3 hotspots were observed in the north and south-west, while NO2 hotspots were in the west and south. COD values of PMX demonstrated more results lower than the 0.2 cut off compared to GAPs; indicating high to moderate spatial homogeneity for PMX and moderate to high spatial heterogeneity for GAPs. Regarding CV approach, the spatial variabilities of air pollutants followed in the order of O3 (87.3%) > SO2 (65.2%) > CO (61.8%) > PM10-2.5 (52.5%) > PM2.5 (48.9%) > NO2 (48.1%) > PM10 (42.9%), which were mainly in agreement with COD results, except for NO2. COD values observed a statistically (P < 0.05) positive correlation with the values of the 90th percentile across AQMSs. Our study, for the first time, highlights spatial inequality of ambient PMX and GAPs in Tehran in detail to better facilitate establishing new intra-urban control policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasan Faridi
- Centre for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Niazi
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fatemeh Yousefian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faramarz Azimi
- Nutrition Health Research Centre, Department of Environment Health, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hasan Pasalari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Momeniha
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Adel Mokammel
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
| | - Akbar Gholampour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand
- Centre for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kazem Naddafi
- Centre for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ning J, Li P, Zhang B, Han B, Su X, Wang Q, Wang X, Li B, Kang H, Zhou L, Chu C, Zhang N, Pang Y, Niu Y, Zhang R. miRNAs deregulation in serum of mice is associated with lung cancer related pathway deregulation induced by PM2.5. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 254:112875. [PMID: 31377334 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as an environmental pollution has been associated with the lung cancer. However, the mechanism of epigenetics such as miRNAs deregulation between PM2.5-exposure and lung cancer has not been elucidated clearly. Twenty C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into 2 groups and exposed to the filtered air (FA) and the concentrated air (CA), respectively. The FA mice were exposed to filtered air in chambers with a high-efficient particulate air filter (HEPA-filter), and the CA mice were exposed to concentration ambient PM2.5. The total duration of exposure was performed 6 h per day from December 1st, 2017 to January 27th, 2018. The mice exposed 900.21 μg/m3 PM2.5 for 6 h per day in CA chamber, which was nearly equaled to 225.05 μg/m3 for 24-h calculatingly. After exposure, the serum miRNAs levels were detected by microarray. Genetic and pathological alterations in lung of mice with/without PM2.5 exposure were detected. 38 differential miRNAs in serum of mice were found after PM2.5 exposure for 8 weeks. Among of them, 13 miRNAs related with lung cancer were consistent in serum and lung of mice. The target genes of 13 deregulated miRNAs including CRK, NR2F2, VIM, RASSF1, CCND2, PRKCA, SIRT1, CDK6, MAP3K7, HIF1A, UBE2V2, ATG10, BAX, E2F1, RASSF5 and CTNNB1, could involve in the pathway of lung cancer developing. Compared with the FA group, the significantly increases of histopathological changes, ROS and DNA damage were observed in lung of mice in CA group. Our study suggested that miRNAs in serum could be identified as candidate biomarkers to predict the lung cancer development during early PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ning
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Peiyuan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Boyuan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Xuan Su
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- Experimental Center, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Xiurong Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Binghua Li
- Department of Occupation Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, PR China
| | - Hui Kang
- Department of Occupation Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, PR China
| | - Lixiao Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Chen Chu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Yaxian Pang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Yujie Niu
- Department of Occupation Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China.
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Yang J, Roth P, Durbin TD, Shafer MM, Hemming J, Antkiewicz DS, Asa-Awuku A, Karavalakis G. Emissions from a flex fuel GDI vehicle operating on ethanol fuels show marked contrasts in chemical, physical and toxicological characteristics as a function of ethanol content. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 683:749-761. [PMID: 31150895 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the gaseous and particulate emissions, as well as the toxicological properties of particulate matter (PM) from a flex fuel vehicle equipped with a wall-guided gasoline direct injection engine over triplicates cold-start and hot-start LA92 cycles. The vehicle was operated on a Tier 3 E10 fuel, an E10 fuel with higher levels of aromatics than the Tier 3 E10, an E30, and an E78 blend. Total hydrocarbon (THC), non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHC), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate emissions, and gaseous toxics (of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes (BTEX), and 1,3-butadiene) reduced for E30 and E78 blends compared to both E10 fuels. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde emissions substantially increased with the higher ethanol blends. The high aromatic E10 fuel increased the emissions of THC, NMHC, particulates, and BTEX compared to the Tier 3 E10 fuel and the higher ethanol blends, as well as showed higher concentrations of accumulation mode particles. The GDI PM did not exhibit any measurable mutagenicity at the PM concentrations tested. Cytotoxicity varied only within a small range and concentrations of PM, eliciting a cytotoxic response similar to those by ambient aerosol. The outcomes of our two measures of PM oxidative potential (macrophage ROS and DTT) were significantly correlated, with the E78 blend exhibiting the least oxidative potential and the E30 the greatest. Gene expression analysis at both the mRNA and protein level indicates that there is the potential for GDI PM emissions to contribute to inflammation and etiology of disease such as asthma, and in contrast to the ROS and DTT outcomes, the E78 fuel PM exhibited the greatest potential to elicit pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNFα) production. Overall, the trends in toxicity emission rates (activity/mi) across the ethanol blends was driven primarily by PM mass emission rate contrasts and only secondarily by the differences in intrinsic toxicity of the PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Yang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Bourns College of Engineering, Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), Riverside, CA 92507, USA
| | - Patrick Roth
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Bourns College of Engineering, Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), Riverside, CA 92507, USA
| | - Thomas D Durbin
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Bourns College of Engineering, Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), Riverside, CA 92507, USA
| | - Martin M Shafer
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jocelyn Hemming
- Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dagmara S Antkiewicz
- Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Akua Asa-Awuku
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Bourns College of Engineering, Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), Riverside, CA 92507, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, A. James Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Georgios Karavalakis
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Bourns College of Engineering, Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), Riverside, CA 92507, USA.
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PM2.5 Prediction Based on Random Forest, XGBoost, and Deep Learning Using Multisource Remote Sensing Data. ATMOSPHERE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos10070373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, air pollution has become an important public health concern. The high concentration of fine particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) is known to be associated with lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and metabolic disease. Predicting PM2.5 concentrations can help governments warn people at high risk, thus mitigating the complications. Although attempts have been made to predict PM2.5 concentrations, the factors influencing PM2.5 prediction have not been investigated. In this work, we study feature importance for PM2.5 prediction in Tehran’s urban area, implementing random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and deep learning machine learning (ML) approaches. We use 23 features, including satellite and meteorological data, ground-measured PM2.5, and geographical data, in the modeling. The best model performance obtained was R2 = 0.81 (R = 0.9), MAE = 9.93 µg/m3, and RMSE = 13.58 µg/m3 using the XGBoost approach, incorporating elimination of unimportant features. However, all three ML methods performed similarly and R2 varied from 0.63 to 0.67, when Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) at 3 km resolution was included, and 0.77 to 0.81, when AOD at 3 km resolution was excluded. Contrary to the PM2.5 lag data, satellite-derived AODs did not improve model performance.
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Wei H, Zhang Y, Song S, Pinkerton KE, Geng H, Ro CU. Alveolar macrophage reaction to PM 2.5 of hazy day in vitro: Evaluation methods and mitochondrial screening to determine mechanisms of biological effect. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 174:566-573. [PMID: 30870657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hazy weather in China has recently become a major public health concern due to high levels of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) with a large amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs). In this study, the mass concentration of PAHs in hazy PM2.5 in urban Taiyuan city, China was determined and toxicities of different dosage of the hazy PM2.5 on rat alveolar macrophages (AMs) were examined. It was found that the hazy PM2.5, bounded with many species of PAHs (CHR, BbF, BaP, BaA, and etc.), significantly increased cellular malondialdehyde (MDA) content followed by the decreasing in superoxide (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in AMs. They induced mitochondrial changes in ultrastructure as evidenced by mitochondrial swelling and cristae disorganization, and a dose-dependent decrease in mitochondrial profile density. Also, the mRNA expression levels of mitochondrial fusion-related genes were modified. The Mfn1 and Mfn2 which are essential for mitochondrial fusion increased significantly in hazy PM2.5-treated group compared to the control in a dose-dependent manner, OPA1 was significantly increased at the highest PM2.5 dose delivered. These findings suggested that exposure to hazy PM2.5 could activate oxidative stress pathways in AMs, resulting in abnormal mitochondrial morphology and fusion/fission frequency. Possibly, the toxic effects were mostly attributed to the high burden of varied PAHs in hazy PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Wei
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Yunyun Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Shanjuan Song
- Shanxi Academy of Environmental Research, Taiyuan 030027, Shanxi, China
| | - Kent E Pinkerton
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hong Geng
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China.
| | - Chul-Un Ro
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 402751, Republic of Korea
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Sources and Temporal Variations of Coarse Particulate Matter (PM) in Central Tehran, Iran. ATMOSPHERE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos10050291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we used the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to evaluate the sources of ambient coarse particulate matter (PM) and their temporal variations in two sampling sites, i.e., a school dormitory and a retirement home, located in central Tehran. 24-h ambient PM samples were collected using low-volume air samplers from May 2012 to June 2013. The collected filters were analyzed for their chemical components, including water-soluble ions, metals, and trace elements, which were used as the input to the PMF model. Our results indicated annual averages of 45.7 ± 3.8 µg/m3 and 36.2. ± 4.0 µg/m3 for coarse PM at the School dormitory and Tohid retirement home, respectively. Moreover, higher ambient coarse PM mass concentrations were observed in the warm season (53.3 ± 5.8 µg/m3 for school dormitory and 43.1 ± 6.1 µg/m3 for Tohid retirement home) as opposed to the cold season (41.4 ± 4.7 µg/m3 for school dormitory and 28.7 ± 4.6 µg/m3 for Tohid retirement home). Our PMF analysis also identified road dust, soil, and industry, and atmospherically processed coarse PM as the three sources of ambient coarse PM in central Tehran. Road dust, soil, and industry were the major sources of ambient coarse PM, contributing respectively to 74 ± 9% and 19 ± 2% of the total coarse PM mass concentration, while atmospherically aged aerosols had a rather minimal contribution of 7 ± 1% to total coarse PM mass concentration. The temporal trends of the resolved factors also revealed higher contributions of road dust to total ambient coarse PM during warm season as opposed to cold season, due to the increased resuspension rate from road surfaces as a result of higher wind speeds, and temperatures, combined with lower relative humidity. Similarly, higher resuspension rate of mechanically originated particulates resulted in higher warm-season time contributions of the soil factor. Results of this study clearly revealed the key role of road dust and non-tail pipe emissions on ambient coarse PM mass concentrations in crowded areas of central Tehran, and have important implications on the potential health impacts that can be caused by these difficult to mitigate sources of coarse PM.
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Zhao H, Tong G, Liu J, Wang J, Zhang H, Bai J, Hou L, Zhang Z. IP3R and RyR channels are involved in traffic-related PM 2.5-induced disorders of calcium homeostasis. Toxicol Ind Health 2019; 35:339-348. [PMID: 31023176 DOI: 10.1177/0748233719843763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Traffic-related PM2.5 can result in immune system damage and diseases; however, the possible mechanism of its effect remains unclear. Calcium (Ca2+) is a critical signaling molecule in a variety of cells. Indeed, Ca2+ is involved in numerous basic functions, including cell growth and death. In this study, Jurkat T cells were used to explore the possible mechanisms of PM2.5-elicited intracellular Ca2+signal responses. The results indicate that PM2.5 could raise the level of intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). The [Ca2+]i in Jurkat T cells significantly decreased after treatment with heparin as an inhibitor of inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3 R), or procaine as an inhibitor of ryanodine receptors (RyR). The expression of calmodulin (CAM) protein decreased in a time-dependent manner after exposure to PM2.5, whereas the activity of Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase seemed to show a slight drop trend after exposure to PM2.5. Our findings demonstrate that PM2.5 stimulation to Jurkat T cells would result in an increase in [Ca2+]i, which is modulated by IP3 R and RyR, as well as CAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichao Zhao
- 1 Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Guoqiang Tong
- 1 Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Jiejing Liu
- 1 Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Jing Wang
- 1 Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- 1 Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Jianying Bai
- 1 Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Lifang Hou
- 2 Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,3 Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- 1 Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
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