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Papachristodoulou A, Heidegger I, Virk RK, Di Bernardo M, Kim JY, Laplaca C, Picech F, Schäfer G, De Castro GJ, Hibshoosh H, Loda M, Klocker H, Rubin MA, Zheng T, Benson MC, McKiernan JM, Dutta A, Abate-Shen C. Metformin Overcomes the Consequences of NKX3.1 Loss to Suppress Prostate Cancer Progression. Eur Urol 2024; 85:361-372. [PMID: 37659962 PMCID: PMC10902192 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2023.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antidiabetic drug metformin has known anticancer effects related to its antioxidant activity; however, its clinical benefit for prostate cancer (PCa) has thus far been inconclusive. Here, we investigate whether the efficacy of metformin in PCa is related to the expression status of NKX3.1, a prostate-specific homeobox gene that functions in mitochondria to protect the prostate from aberrant oxidative stress. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship of NKX3.1 expression and metformin efficacy in PCa. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Functional studies were performed in vivo and in vitro in genetically engineered mouse models and human LNCaP cells, and organotypic cultures having normal or reduced/absent levels of NKX3.1. Correlative studies were performed using two independent retrospective tissue microarray cohorts of radical prostatectomies and a retrospective cohort of prostate biopsies from patients on active surveillance. INTERVENTION Metformin was administered before or after the induction of oxidative stress by treatment with paraquat. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Functional endpoints included analyses of histopathology, tumorigenicity, and mitochondrial function. Correlative endpoints include Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard regression models. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Metformin reversed the adverse consequences of NKX3.1 deficiency following oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro, as evident by reduced tumorigenicity and restored mitochondrial function. Patients with low NKX3.1 expression showed a significant clinical benefit from taking metformin. CONCLUSIONS Metformin can overcome the adverse consequences of NKX3.1 loss for PCa progression by protecting against oxidative stress and promoting normal mitochondrial function. These functional activities and clinical correlates were observed only with low NKX3.1 expression. Thus, the clinical benefit of metformin in PCa may depend on the status of NKX3.1 expression. PATIENT SUMMARY Prostate cancer patients with low NKX3.1 are likely to benefit most from metformin treatment to delay disease progression in a precision interception paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Papachristodoulou
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Isabel Heidegger
- Department of Urology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AT, Austria
| | - Renu K Virk
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matteo Di Bernardo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jaime Y Kim
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Caroline Laplaca
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Urology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Florencia Picech
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Georg Schäfer
- Department of Pathology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AT, Austria
| | - Guarionex Joel De Castro
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Urology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hanina Hibshoosh
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Massimo Loda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helmut Klocker
- Department of Urology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AT, Austria
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tian Zheng
- Department of Statistics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mitchell C Benson
- Department of Urology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - James M McKiernan
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Urology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aditya Dutta
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Cory Abate-Shen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Urology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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lncRNA STAT4-AS1 Inhibited TH17 Cell Differentiation by Targeting ROR γt Protein. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:8307280. [PMID: 35528611 PMCID: PMC9071868 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8307280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective From our previous study, we obtained long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) STAT4-AS1, which is related to asthma through high-throughput screening. However, we could not determine the specific mechanism involved and in response to this. We further designed this study. Results First, we found that lncRNA STAT4-AS1 was downregulated in T cells from patients with asthma when compared to healthy controls. Next, we confirmed that lncRNA STAT4-AS1 was significantly negatively correlated with T helper 17 (TH17) differentiation in vitro experiments. The decreases of STAT4-AS1 promoted TH17 differentiation, while the increases of STAT4-AS1 inhibited TH17 differentiation. Subsequently, through RNA pull-down, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), and dual luciferase reporter assay, we found that STAT4-AS1 could inhibit the binding of retinoid-related orphan receptor-γt (RORγt) protein with an IL-17A promoter after binding with RORγt protein. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and nuclear-cytoplasmic separation assay showed that STAT4-AS1 is bonded to RORγt in the cytoplasm, preventing RORγt from entering the nucleus. Conclusion Overall, STAT4-AS1 directly targets RORγt protein, inhibits the mutual binding of RORγt and IL-17 gene promoter, and eventually inhibits TH17 differentiation. To this end, STAT4-AS1 as a potential target may confer applications in the clinical treatment and diagnosis of TH17-related diseases.
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Papachristodoulou A, Abate-Shen C. Precision intervention for prostate cancer: Re-evaluating who is at risk. Cancer Lett 2022; 538:215709. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Panja S, Rahem S, Chu CJ, Mitrofanova A. Big Data to Knowledge: Application of Machine Learning to Predictive Modeling of Therapeutic Response in Cancer. Curr Genomics 2021; 22:244-266. [PMID: 35273457 PMCID: PMC8822229 DOI: 10.2174/1389202921999201224110101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, the availability of high throughput technologies, establishment of large molecular patient data repositories, and advancement in computing power and storage have allowed elucidation of complex mechanisms implicated in therapeutic response in cancer patients. The breadth and depth of such data, alongside experimental noise and missing values, requires a sophisticated human-machine interaction that would allow effective learning from complex data and accurate forecasting of future outcomes, ideally embedded in the core of machine learning design. Objective In this review, we will discuss machine learning techniques utilized for modeling of treatment response in cancer, including Random Forests, support vector machines, neural networks, and linear and logistic regression. We will overview their mathematical foundations and discuss their limitations and alternative approaches in light of their application to therapeutic response modeling in cancer. Conclusion We hypothesize that the increase in the number of patient profiles and potential temporal monitoring of patient data will define even more complex techniques, such as deep learning and causal analysis, as central players in therapeutic response modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Antonina Mitrofanova
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07107, USA; E-mail:
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Exploring liver cancer biology through functional genetic screens. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 18:690-704. [PMID: 34163045 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, liver cancer poses a major threat to human health. Although a growing number of therapies have been approved for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in the past few years, most of them only provide a limited survival benefit. Therefore, an urgent need exists to identify novel targetable vulnerabilities and powerful drug combinations for the treatment of liver cancer. The advent of functional genetic screening has contributed to the advancement of liver cancer biology, uncovering many novel genes involved in tumorigenesis and cancer progression in a high-throughput manner. In addition, this unbiased screening platform also provides an efficient tool for the exploration of the mechanisms involved in therapy resistance as well as identifying potential targets for therapy. In this Review, we describe how functional screens can help to deepen our understanding of liver cancer and guide the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Papachristodoulou A, Rodriguez-Calero A, Panja S, Margolskee E, Virk RK, Milner TA, Martina LP, Kim JY, Di Bernardo M, Williams AB, Maliza EA, Caputo JM, Haas C, Wang V, De Castro GJ, Wenske S, Hibshoosh H, McKiernan JM, Shen MM, Rubin MA, Mitrofanova A, Dutta A, Abate-Shen C. NKX3.1 Localization to Mitochondria Suppresses Prostate Cancer Initiation. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:2316-2333. [PMID: 33893149 PMCID: PMC7611624 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-1765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria provide the first line of defense against the tumor-promoting effects of oxidative stress. Here we show that the prostate-specific homeoprotein NKX3.1 suppresses prostate cancer initiation by protecting mitochondria from oxidative stress. Integrating analyses of genetically engineered mouse models, human prostate cancer cells, and human prostate cancer organotypic cultures, we find that, in response to oxidative stress, NKX3.1 is imported to mitochondria via the chaperone protein HSPA9, where it regulates transcription of mitochondrial-encoded electron transport chain (ETC) genes, thereby restoring oxidative phosphorylation and preventing cancer initiation. Germline polymorphisms of NKX3.1 associated with increased cancer risk fail to protect from oxidative stress or suppress tumorigenicity. Low expression levels of NKX3.1 combined with low expression of mitochondrial ETC genes are associated with adverse clinical outcome, whereas high levels of mitochondrial NKX3.1 protein are associated with favorable outcome. This work reveals an extranuclear role for NKX3.1 in suppression of prostate cancer by protecting mitochondrial function. SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings uncover a nonnuclear function for NKX3.1 that is a key mechanism for suppression of prostate cancer. Analyses of the expression levels and subcellular localization of NKX3.1 in patients at risk of cancer progression may improve risk assessment in a precision prevention paradigm, particularly for men undergoing active surveillance.See related commentary by Finch and Baena, p. 2132.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2113.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Papachristodoulou
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Antonio Rodriguez-Calero
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern and Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sukanya Panja
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Elizabeth Margolskee
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Renu K Virk
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Teresa A Milner
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Luis Pina Martina
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jaime Y Kim
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Matteo Di Bernardo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Alanna B Williams
- Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Elvis A Maliza
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Joseph M Caputo
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Christopher Haas
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Vinson Wang
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Guarionex Joel De Castro
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Sven Wenske
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Hanina Hibshoosh
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - James M McKiernan
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael M Shen
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Antonina Mitrofanova
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Aditya Dutta
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Cory Abate-Shen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
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Balasubramanian B, Venkatraman S, Myint KZ, Janvilisri T, Wongprasert K, Kumkate S, Bates DO, Tohtong R. Co-Clinical Trials: An Innovative Drug Development Platform for Cholangiocarcinoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14010051. [PMID: 33440754 PMCID: PMC7826774 DOI: 10.3390/ph14010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a group of malignancies that originate from the biliary tract, is associated with a high mortality rate and a concerning increase in worldwide incidence. In Thailand, where the incidence of CCA is the highest, the socioeconomic burden is severe. Yet, treatment options are limited, with surgical resection being the only form of treatment with curative intent. The current standard-of-care remains adjuvant and palliative chemotherapy which is ineffective in most patients. The overall survival rate is dismal, even after surgical resection and the tumor heterogeneity further complicates treatment. Together, this makes CCA a significant burden in Southeast Asia. For effective management of CCA, treatment must be tailored to each patient, individually, for which an assortment of targeted therapies must be available. Despite the increasing numbers of clinical studies in CCA, targeted therapy drugs rarely get approved for clinical use. In this review, we discuss the shortcomings of the conventional clinical trial process and propose the implementation of a novel concept, co-clinical trials to expedite drug development for CCA patients. In co-clinical trials, the preclinical studies and clinical trials are conducted simultaneously, thus enabling real-time data integration to accurately stratify and customize treatment for patients, individually. Hence, co-clinical trials are expected to improve the outcomes of clinical trials and consequently, encourage the approval of targeted therapy drugs. The increased availability of targeted therapy drugs for treatment is expected to facilitate the application of precision medicine in CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brinda Balasubramanian
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (B.B.); (S.V.); (K.Z.M.)
| | - Simran Venkatraman
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (B.B.); (S.V.); (K.Z.M.)
| | - Kyaw Zwar Myint
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (B.B.); (S.V.); (K.Z.M.)
| | - Tavan Janvilisri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Kanokpan Wongprasert
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Supeecha Kumkate
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - David O. Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Rutaiwan Tohtong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2-201-5606
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Majolo F, Caye B, Stoll SN, Leipelt J, Abujamra AL, Goettert MI. Prevention and Therapy of Prostate Cancer: An Update on Alternatives for Treatment and Future Perspectives. CURRENT DRUG THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885514666190917150635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent cancer types in men worldwide. With the
progression of the disease to independent stimulation by androgen hormones, it becomes more difficult
to control its progress. In addition, several studies have shown that chronic inflammation is
directly related to the onset and progression of this cancer. For many decades, conventional chemotherapeutic
drugs have not made significant progress in the treatment of prostate cancer. However,
the discovery of docetaxel yielded the first satisfactory responses of increased survival of
patients. In addition, alternative therapies using biomolecules derived from secondary metabolites
of natural products are promising in the search for new treatments. Despite the advances in the
treatment of this disease in the last two decades, the results are still insufficient and conventional
therapies do not present the expected results they once promised. Thus, a revision and
(re)establishment of prostate cancer therapeutic strategies are necessary. In this review, we also
approach suggested treatments for molecular biomarkers in advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Majolo
- Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruna Caye
- Laboratatório de Cultura de Células, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari – UNIVATES, Lajeado, Brazil
| | - Stefani Natali Stoll
- Laboratatório de Cultura de Células, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari – UNIVATES, Lajeado, Brazil
| | - Juliano Leipelt
- Laboratatório de Cultura de Células, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari – UNIVATES, Lajeado, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Abujamra
- Laboratatório de Cultura de Células, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari – UNIVATES, Lajeado, Brazil
| | - Márcia Inês Goettert
- Laboratatório de Cultura de Células, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari – UNIVATES, Lajeado, Brazil
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Epsi NJ, Panja S, Pine SR, Mitrofanova A. pathCHEMO, a generalizable computational framework uncovers molecular pathways of chemoresistance in lung adenocarcinoma. Commun Biol 2019; 2:334. [PMID: 31508508 PMCID: PMC6731276 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in discovering a wide array of novel chemotherapy agents, identification of patients with poor and favorable chemotherapy response prior to treatment administration remains a major challenge in clinical oncology. To tackle this challenge, we present a generalizable genome-wide computational framework pathCHEMO that uncovers interplay between transcriptomic and epigenomic mechanisms altered in biological pathways that govern chemotherapy response in cancer patients. Our approach is tested on patients with lung adenocarcinoma who received adjuvant standard-of-care doublet chemotherapy (i.e., carboplatin-paclitaxel), identifying seven molecular pathway markers of primary treatment response and demonstrating their ability to predict patients at risk of carboplatin-paclitaxel resistance in an independent patient cohort (log-rank p-value = 0.008, HR = 10). Furthermore, we extend our method to additional chemotherapy-regimens and cancer types to demonstrate its accuracy and generalizability. We propose that our model can be utilized to prioritize patients for specific chemotherapy-regimens as a part of treatment planning. Nusrat Epsi et al. present pathCHEMO, a computational framework for uncovering transcriptomic and epigenomic pathways of chemoresistance in cancer that has the potential to improve clinical decision-making. They apply pathCHEMO to lung adenocarcinoma data from public databases, and identify seven molecular pathways implicated in carboplatin-paclitaxel resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat J Epsi
- 1Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07107 USA
| | - Sukanya Panja
- 1Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07107 USA
| | - Sharon R Pine
- 2Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Antonina Mitrofanova
- 1Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07107 USA.,3Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
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Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Breast Cancer and Their Application. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060621. [PMID: 31226846 PMCID: PMC6628218 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of many types of tumors including breast cancer have emerged as a powerful tool for predicting drug efficacy and for understanding tumor characteristics. PDXs are established by the direct transfer of human tumors into highly immunodeficient mice and then maintained by passaging from mouse to mouse. The ability of PDX models to maintain the original features of patient tumors and to reflect drug sensitivity has greatly improved both basic and clinical study outcomes. However, current PDX models cannot completely predict drug efficacy because they do not recapitulate the tumor microenvironment of origin, a failure which puts emphasis on the necessity for the development of the next generation PDX models. In this article, we summarize the advantages and limitations of current PDX models and discuss the future directions of this field.
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Arriaga JM, Abate-Shen C. Genetically Engineered Mouse Models of Prostate Cancer in the Postgenomic Era. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2019; 9:cshperspect.a030528. [PMID: 29661807 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a030528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent genomic sequencing analyses have unveiled the spectrum of genomic alterations that occur in primary and advanced prostate cancer, raising the question of whether the corresponding genes are functionally relevant for prostate tumorigenesis, and whether such functions are associated with particular disease stages. In this review, we describe genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of prostate cancer, focusing on those that model genomic alterations known to occur in human prostate cancer. We consider whether the phenotypes of GEMMs based on gain or loss of function of the relevant genes provide reliable counterparts to study the predicted consequences of the corresponding genomic alterations as occur in human prostate cancer, and we discuss exceptions in which the GEMMs do not fully emulate the expected phenotypes. Last, we highlight future directions for the generation of new GEMMs of prostate cancer and consider how we can use GEMMs most effectively to decipher the biological and molecular mechanisms of disease progression, as well as to tackle clinically relevant questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Arriaga
- Departments of Urology, Medicine, Systems Biology, and Pathology and Cell Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
| | - Cory Abate-Shen
- Departments of Urology, Medicine, Systems Biology, and Pathology and Cell Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
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Le Magnen C, Virk RK, Dutta A, Kim JY, Panja S, Lopez-Bujanda ZA, Califano A, Drake CG, Mitrofanova A, Abate-Shen C. Cooperation of loss of NKX3.1 and inflammation in prostate cancer initiation. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm035139. [PMID: 30266798 PMCID: PMC6262819 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.035139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it is known that inflammation plays a critical role in prostate tumorigenesis, the underlying processes are not well understood. Based on analysis of genetically engineered mouse models combined with correlative analysis of expression profiling data from human prostate tumors, we demonstrate a reciprocal relationship between inflammation and the status of the NKX3.1 homeobox gene associated with prostate cancer initiation. We find that cancer initiation in aged Nkx3.1 mutant mice correlates with enrichment of specific immune populations and increased expression of immunoregulatory genes. Furthermore, expression of these immunoregulatory genes is similarly increased in human prostate tumors having low levels of NKX3.1 expression. We further show that induction of prostatitis in Nkx3.1 mutant mice accelerates prostate cancer initiation, which is coincident with aberrant cellular plasticity and differentiation. Correspondingly, human prostate tumors having low levels of NKX3.1 have de-regulated expression of genes associated with these cellular processes. We propose that loss of function of NKX3.1 accelerates inflammation-driven prostate cancer initiation potentially via aberrant cellular plasticity and impairment of cellular differentiation.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Le Magnen
- Departments of Medicine and Urology, Institute of Cancer Genetics, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Renu K Virk
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | - Aditya Dutta
- Departments of Medicine and Urology, Institute of Cancer Genetics, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jaime Yeji Kim
- Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sukanya Panja
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07101, USA
| | - Zoila A Lopez-Bujanda
- Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Andrea Califano
- Departments of Systems Biology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Charles G Drake
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Antonina Mitrofanova
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07101, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Cory Abate-Shen
- Departments of Urology, Medicine, Pathology & Cell Biology, and Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Preventing clinical progression and need for treatment in patients on active surveillance for prostate cancer. Curr Opin Urol 2017; 28:46-54. [PMID: 29028765 DOI: 10.1097/mou.0000000000000455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Active surveillance is an established treatment option for men with localized, low-risk prostate cancer (CaP). It entails the postponement of immediate therapy with the option of delayed intervention upon disease progression. The rate of clinical progression and need for treatment on active surveillance is approximately 50% over 15 years. The present review summarizes recent data on current methods, attempting to prevent clinical progression. RECENT FINDINGS Patient selection for active surveillance is the first mandatory step required to lower progression. Adherence to active surveillance protocols is critical in making sure patients are monitored well and treated early when progression occurs. Before active surveillance allocation and during active surveillance follow-up, methods involving multiparametric MRI, prostate specific antigen derivatives, biopsy factors, urinary, tissue and genetic markers can be used to prevent clinical progression and/or identify those at risk for progression. Medications such as 5α-reductase inhibitors and others might inhibit disease progression in patients on active surveillance. SUMMARY Active surveillance is required because of overdiagnosis, along with our inability to accurately predict individual CaP behavior. Several methods can potentially reduce the risk of CaP progression in patients with active surveillance. However, a measure of uncertainty and fear of progression will always accompany patients with active surveillance and the physicians treating them.
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Yang JC, Evans CP. Adjunct Screening of NKX3.1 Expression Supports 5α-Reductase Inhibition Intervention in Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance. Eur Urol 2017; 72:507-508. [PMID: 28454662 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joy C Yang
- Department of Urology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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