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Matos ÂP, Saldanha-Corrêa FMP, Gomes RDS, Hurtado GR. Exploring microalgal and cyanobacterial metabolites with antiprotozoal activity against Leishmania and Trypanosoma parasites. Acta Trop 2024; 251:107116. [PMID: 38159713 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases (NTD) like Leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis affect millions of people annually, while currently used antiprotozoal drugs have serious side effects. Drug research based on natural products has shown that microalgae and cyanobacteria are a promising platform of biochemically active compounds with antiprotozoal activity. These unicellular photosynthetic organisms are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, pigments including phycocyanin, chlorophylls and carotenoids, polyphenols, bioactive peptides, terpenes, alkaloids, which have proven antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, antiplasmodial and antiprotozoal properties. This review provides up-to-date information regarding ongoing studies on substances synthesized by microalgae and cyanobacteria with notable activity against Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma cruzi, and Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agents of Leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and human African trypanosomiasis, respectively. Extracts of several freshwater or marine microalgae have been tested on different strains of Leishmania and Trypanosoma parasites. For instance, ethanolic extract of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Tetraselmis suecica have biological activity against T. cruzi, due to their high content of carotenoids, chlorophylls, phenolic compounds and flavonoids that are associated with trypanocidal activity. Halophilic Dunaliella salina showed moderate antileishmanial activity that may be attributed to the high β-carotene content in this microalga. Peptides such as almiramides, dragonamides, and herbamide that are biosynthesized by marine cyanobacteria Lyngbya majuscula were found to have increased activity in micromolar scale IC50 against L. donovani, T. Cruzi, and T. brucei parasites. The cyanobacterial peptides symplocamide and venturamide isolated from Symploca and Oscillatoria species, respectively, and the alkaloid nostocarbonile isolated from Nostoc have shown promising antiprotozoal properties and are being explored for pharmaceutical and medicinal purposes. The discovery of new molecules from microalgae and cyanobacteria with therapeutic potential against Leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis may address an urgent medical need: effective and safe treatments of NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângelo Paggi Matos
- Institute for Advanced Studies of Ocean, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Presidente Dutra Km 138, Eugênio de Melo, São José dos Campos 12247-004, Brazil.
| | | | - Roberto da Silva Gomes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| | - Gabriela Ramos Hurtado
- Institute for Advanced Studies of Ocean, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Presidente Dutra Km 138, Eugênio de Melo, São José dos Campos 12247-004, Brazil; Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Presidente Dutra Km 138, Eugênio de Melo, São José dos Campos 12247-004, Brazil.
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Moheimanian N, Mirkhani H, Purkhosrow A, Sohrabipour J, Jassbi AR. In Vitro and In Vivo Antidiabetic, α-Glucosidase Inhibition and Antibacterial Activities of Three Brown Algae, Polycladia myrica, Padina antillarum, and Sargassum boveanum, and a Red Alga, Palisada perforata from the Persian Gulf. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2023; 22:e133731. [PMID: 38116547 PMCID: PMC10728852 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-133731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Background In recent decades, algae have attracted worldwide attention for their great biological activities, such as antidiabetic and antibacterial properties. Objectives We measured antibacterial and α-glucosidase inhibition potential of methanol and 80% methanol extracts of three brown algae species, Polycladia myrica, Padina antillarum, and Sargassum boveanum, and a red alga, Palisada perforata, from the Persian Gulf coasts. Methods Antibacterial activity of the algal extracts was assessed by broth dilution method against three gram-negative and -positive bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis, respectively. Furthermore, the yeast's α-glucosidase inhibition of the algal extracts was measured via colorimetric assay. In addition, we investigated the beneficial effect of 80% MeOH extract of S. boveanum on the blood glucose levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Results The MeOH extract of S. boveanum was the best antibacterial extract with MIC = 2.5 mg/mL against all bacterial strains except for E. coli. The MeOH and 80% MeOH extracts of P. myrica and P. antillarum inhibited α-glucosidase at most with IC50 values of 12.70 ± 1.88 µg/mL and 13.06 ± 4.44 µg/mL, respectively. The oral gavage of S. boveanum extract in streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats resulted in decreasing their postprandial blood glucose levels. The algae and acarbose decreased blood glucose levels after sucrose administration in 60 minutes, compared to the non-drug-treated animals, with p values of 0.03 and 0.007, respectively. Conclusions Overall, due to the in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic potential of S. boveanum, we suggest the alga as a new source for the isolation and identification of potential antidiabetic and antibacterial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Moheimanian
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Mirkhani
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azar Purkhosrow
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jelveh Sohrabipour
- Department of Natural Resources Researches, Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Jassbi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Antimicrobial activity of some macroalgae of the Veracruzano Reef System (SAV), Mexico. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 30:103496. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Larvicidal property of the extracts of the seaweeds; Sargassum wightii, S. ilicifolium and Gelidiella acerosa against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Rushdi MI, Abdel-Rahman IAM, Saber H, Attia EZ, Abdelraheem WM, Madkour HA, Abdelmohsen UR. The genus Turbinaria: chemical and pharmacological diversity. Nat Prod Res 2021; 35:4560-4578. [PMID: 32091241 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1731741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Genus Turbinaria is still chemically and pharmacologically underexplored. These brown algae belong to the family Sargassaceae. Therapeutic potentials of pure compounds isolated from the Genus Turbinaria are extraordinarily promising as antiproliferative, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory immunostimulatory, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, antiviral, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective and hypolipidemic. Those activities are represented by diverse classes of compounds including sterols, amino acids, fatty acids, alcohols, halocarbons, hydrocarbons, carbohydrates, esters and cyclic tetrapyrrole compounds. This review focuses on the Genus Turbinaria during the period 1972 to 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed I Rushdi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Iman A M Abdel-Rahman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Hani Saber
- Faculty of Science, Department of Botany and Microbiology, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Eman Zekry Attia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Wedad M Abdelraheem
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Hashem A Madkour
- Department of Marine and Environmental Geology, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Hurghada, Egypt
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Deraya University, New Minia City, Egypt
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The Prospective Use of Brazilian Marine Macroalgae in Schistosomiasis Control. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19050234. [PMID: 33922065 PMCID: PMC8143572 DOI: 10.3390/md19050234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that affects more than 250 million people. The treatment is limited to praziquantel and the control of the intermediate host with the highly toxic molluscicidal niclosamide. Marine algae are a poorly explored and promising alternative that can provide lead compounds, and the use of multivariate analysis could contribute to quicker discovery. As part of our search for new natural compounds with which to control schistosomiasis, we screened 45 crude extracts obtained from 37 Brazilian seaweed species for their molluscicidal activity against Biomphalaria glabrata embryos and schistosomicidal activities against Schistosoma mansoni. Two sets of extracts were taxonomically grouped for metabolomic analysis. The extracts were analyzed by GC–MS, and the data were subjected to Pattern Hunter and Pearson correlation tests. Overall, 22 species (60%) showed activity in at least one of the two models. Multivariate analysis pointed towards 3 hits against B. glabrata veliger embryos in the Laurencia/Laurenciella set, 5 hits against B. glabrata blastula embryos, and 31 against S. mansoni in the Ochrophyta set. Preliminary annotations suggested some compounds such as triquinane alcohols, prenylated guaianes, dichotomanes, and xenianes. Despite the putative identification, this work presents potential candidates and can guide future isolation and identification.
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Pech-Puch D, Pérez-Povedano M, Lenis-Rojas OA, Rodríguez J, Jiménez C. Marine Natural Products from the Yucatan Peninsula. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18010059. [PMID: 31963310 PMCID: PMC7024426 DOI: 10.3390/md18010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mexico is one of the three areas of the world with the greatest terrestrial and cultural biological diversity. The diversity of Mexican medicinal flora has been studied for a long time and several bioactive compounds have been isolated. The investigation of marine resources, and particularly the potential of Mexican marine resources, has not been intensively investigated, even though the Yucatan Peninsula occupies 17.4% of the total of the Mexican coast, with great biological diversity in its coasts and the ocean. There are very few studies on the chemistry of natural products from marine organisms that were collected along the coasts of the Yucatan Peninsula and most of them are limited to the evaluation of the biological activity of their organic extracts. The investigations carried out on marine species from the Yucatan Peninsula resulted in the identification of a wide structural variety of natural products that include polyketides, terpenoids, nitrogen compounds, and biopolymers with cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifouling, and neurotoxic activities. This review describes the literature of bioprospecting and the exploration of the natural product diversity of marine organisms from the coasts of the Yucatan Peninsula up to mid-2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jaime Rodríguez
- Correspondence: (J.R.); (C.J.); Tel.: +34-881-012170 (C.J.); Fax: +34-981-167065 (C.J.)
| | - Carlos Jiménez
- Correspondence: (J.R.); (C.J.); Tel.: +34-881-012170 (C.J.); Fax: +34-981-167065 (C.J.)
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Anjali KP, Sangeetha BM, Devi G, Raghunathan R, Dutta S. Bioprospecting of seaweeds (Ulva lactuca and Stoechospermum marginatum): The compound characterization and functional applications in medicine-a comparative study. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2019; 200:111622. [PMID: 31678034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Seaweeds are considered to be one of the richest bio-reserves, comprising of numerous bioactive compounds with versatile properties and multiple activities. The present study examined the antibacterial activity of two types of seaweeds, Ulva lactuca (green) and Stoechospermum marginatum (brown) collected from Oman Coastal region against five multidrug-resistant bacteria. The aqueous extracts of the seaweeds showed better antibacterial activity compared to methanol extracts. The results of the antibacterial assay revealed the excellent inhibitory effects of U.lactuca with the maximum activity against E.coli(8 mm) followed by K.pneumonia(4 mm) and S.typhi(2 mm). S.marginatum formed a clear zone of inhibition only against E.coli(3 mm).The major phytochemical constituents identified in both the types of seaweeds were Alkaloids, Terpenoids, Saponins, Flavonoids, and Steroids. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results confirmed the presence of alcoholic/phenolic groups, and amide groups in the seaweed extracts. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) results evidenced the presence of bioactive compounds such as 5-Octadecenal, 1-Tricosanol, Neophytadiene, Lactaropallidin, Phytol, Fenretinide, Lucenin, Vincadifformine in U.lactuca. Additionally, U.lactuca displayed better antioxidant activity (33.05%) in the DPPH free radical scavenging activity test compared to the S.marginatum (21.51%). Thus, the green seaweed U.lactuca could be considered as a potential source of natural antioxidant and antibacterial agents for food and pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Anjali
- National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal 713209, India
| | - B M Sangeetha
- College of Engineering, National University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 2322, CPO Seeb 111, Al hail, Oman
| | - Geetha Devi
- College of Engineering, National University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 2322, CPO Seeb 111, Al hail, Oman
| | - R Raghunathan
- Center for Bioscience and Nanoscience Research, Tamil Nadu 21, India
| | - Susmita Dutta
- National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal 713209, India.
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Pimentel FB, Alves RC, Harnedy PA, FitzGerald RJ, Oliveira MBP. Macroalgal-derived protein hydrolysates and bioactive peptides: Enzymatic release and potential health enhancing properties. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Mojallal-Tabatabaei Z, Foroumadi P, Toolabi M, Goli F, Moghimi S, Kaboudanian-Ardestani S, Foroumadi A. 2-(Bipiperidin-1-yl)-5-(nitroaryl)-1,3,4-thiadiazoles: Synthesis, evaluation of in vitro leishmanicidal activity, and mechanism of action. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:3682-3691. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Torres P, Santos JP, Chow F, dos Santos DY. A comprehensive review of traditional uses, bioactivity potential, and chemical diversity of the genus Gracilaria (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta). ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Marine Algae as Source of Novel Antileishmanial Drugs: A Review. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15110323. [PMID: 29109372 PMCID: PMC5706021 DOI: 10.3390/md15110323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne neglected tropical disease caused by protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus and transmitted by the female Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia sand flies. The currently prescribed therapies still rely on pentavalent antimonials, pentamidine, paromomycin, liposomal amphotericin B, and miltefosine. However, their low efficacy, long-course treatment regimen, high toxicity, adverse side effects, induction of parasite resistance and high cost require the need for better drugs given that antileishmanial vaccines may not be available in the near future. Although most drugs are still derived from terrestrial sources, the interest in marine organisms as a potential source of promising novel bioactive natural agents has increased in recent years. About 28,000 compounds of marine origin have been isolated with hundreds of new chemical entities. Recent trends in drug research from natural resources indicated the high interest of aquatic eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms, marine algae in the search for new chemical entities given their broad spectrum and high bioactivities including antileishmanial potential. This current review describes prepared extracts and compounds from marine macroalgae along with their antileishmanial activity and provides prospective insights for antileishmanial drug discovery.
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Kremb S, Müller C, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Voolstra CR. Bioactive Potential of Marine Macroalgae from the Central Red Sea (Saudi Arabia) Assessed by High-Throughput Imaging-Based Phenotypic Profiling. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15030080. [PMID: 28335513 PMCID: PMC5367037 DOI: 10.3390/md15030080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine algae represent an important source of novel natural products. While their bioactive potential has been studied to some extent, limited information is available on marine algae from the Red Sea. This study aimed at the broad discovery of new bioactivities from a collection of twelve macroalgal species from the Central Red Sea. We used imaging-based High-Content Screening (HCS) with a diverse spectrum of cellular markers for detailed cytological profiling of fractionated algal extracts. The cytological profiles for 3 out of 60 algal fractions clustered closely to reference inhibitors and showed strong inhibitory activities on the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in a single-enzyme biochemical assay, validating the suggested biological target. Subsequent chemical profiling of the active fractions of two brown algal species by ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) revealed possible candidate molecules. A database query of these molecules led us to groups of compounds with structural similarities, which are suggested to be responsible for the observed activity. Our work demonstrates the versatility and power of cytological profiling for the bioprospecting of unknown biological resources and highlights Red Sea algae as a source of bioactives that may serve as a starting point for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Kremb
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Constanze Müller
- Research Unit Analytical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Research Unit Analytical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technische Universität München (TUM), 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
| | - Christian R Voolstra
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
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Bioactivity of Phycocolloids against the Mediterranean Protozoan Leishmania infantum: An Inceptive Study. SUSTAINABILITY 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/su8111131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Soares DC, Szlachta MM, Teixeira VL, Soares AR, Saraiva EM. The Brown Alga Stypopodium zonale (Dictyotaceae): A Potential Source of Anti-Leishmania Drugs. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:E163. [PMID: 27618071 PMCID: PMC5039534 DOI: 10.3390/md14090163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the anti-Leishmania amazonensis activity of a lipophilic extract from the brown alga Stypopodium zonale and atomaric acid, its major compound. Our initial results revealed high inhibitory activity for intracellular amastigotes in a dose-dependent manner and an IC50 of 0.27 μg/mL. Due to its high anti-Leishmania activity and low toxicity toward host cells, we fractionated the lipophilic extract. A major meroditerpene in this extract, atomaric acid, and its methyl ester derivative, which was obtained by a methylation procedure, were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Both compounds inhibited intracellular amastigotes, with IC50 values of 20.2 μM (9 μg/mL) and 22.9 μM (10 μg/mL), and selectivity indexes of 8.4 μM and 11.5 μM. The leishmanicidal activity of both meroditerpenes was independent of nitric oxide (NO) production, but the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be at least partially responsible for the amastigote killing. Our results suggest that the lipophilic extract of S. zonale may represent an important source of compounds for the development of anti-Leishmania drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivid Costa Soares
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21.941-902, Brazil.
| | - Marcella Macedo Szlachta
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21.941-902, Brazil.
| | - Valéria Laneuville Teixeira
- Laboratório Produtos Naturais de Algas Marinhas (ALGAMAR), Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24.210-150, Brazil.
| | - Angelica Ribeiro Soares
- Grupo de Produtos Naturais de Organismos Aquáticos (GPNOA), Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Sócioambiental de Macaé (NUPEM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus-Macaé, Rio de Janeiro 27.965-045, Brazil.
| | - Elvira Maria Saraiva
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21.941-902, Brazil.
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Machado FLDS, Lima WP, Duarte HM, Rossi-Bergmann B, Gestinari LM, Fujii MT, Kaiser CR, Soares AR. Chemical diversity and antileishmanial activity of crude extracts of Laurencia complex (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) from Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Caamal-Fuentes E, Moo-Puc R, Freile-Pelegrín Y, Robledo D. Cytotoxic and antiproliferative constituents from Dictyota ciliolata, Padina sanctae-crucis and Turbinaria tricostata. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:1244-1248. [PMID: 24863279 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.886273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The hexane extracts of Dictyota ciliolata Sonder ex Kützing (Dictyotaceae), Padina sanctae-crucis Børgesen (Dictyotaceae), and Turbinaria tricostata E.S. Barton (Sargassaceae) were found to exhibit cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities in vitro. Bioactive compounds responsible for these activities have not been studied in detail for these species and phytochemical studies are very limited. OBJECTIVE Isolate, evaluate, and elucidate the bioactive constituents of D. ciliolata, P. sanctae-crucis, and T. tricostata. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bioassay-guided cytotoxicity fractionations using the Hep-2 cell line of the hexane extracts from these brown algae were analyzed using various chromatographic techniques. Cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities of all isolated compounds were also evaluated on a panel of cell lines (KB, Hep-2, MCF-7, and SiHa). Furthermore, their selectivity index, the ratio of cytotoxicity on normal cells to cancer cells, was evaluated using the HEK-293 cell line. RESULTS Four compounds were isolated from studied species: two sterol, fucosterol (1) and 24ξ-hydroperoxy-24-vinylcholesterol (2); and two diterpenes, pachydictyol A (3) and dictyol B acetate (4). The major bioactive components of the hexane extracts of T. tricostata and P. sanctae-crucis were compounds 1 and 2 (with CC50 varying around 3.1-25.6 µg/mL) on cell lines tested. Whereas compounds 1, 3, and 4 showed cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines (CC50 varying between 14.8 and 41.2 µg/mL) and were major bioactive constituents of hexane extract of D. ciliolata. Compounds 1 and 4 showed antiproliferative activity on MCF-7 (IC50 = 43.3 µg/mL for compound 1 and 38.3 µg/mL for compound 2) and SiHa (IC50 = 43.3 µg/mL for compound 1 and 38.3 µg/mL for compound 2) cell lines. CONCLUSION This study is the first investigation on the bioactive components of D. ciliolata, P. sanctae-crucis, and T. tricostata. Although compounds 1-3 were described previously, the pharmacological activity of compound 4 is presented here for the first time.
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Kremb S, Helfer M, Kraus B, Wolff H, Wild C, Schneider M, Voolstra CR, Brack-Werner R. Aqueous extracts of the marine brown alga Lobophora variegata inhibit HIV-1 infection at the level of virus entry into cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103895. [PMID: 25144758 PMCID: PMC4140698 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, marine algae have emerged as a rich and promising source of molecules with potent activities against various human pathogens. The widely distributed brown alga Lobophora variegata that is often associated with tropical coral reefs exerts strong antibacterial and antiprotozoal effects, but so far has not been associated with specific anti-viral activities. This study investigated potential HIV-1 inhibitory activity of L. variegata collected from different geographical regions, using a cell-based full replication HIV-1 reporter assay. Aqueous L. variegata extracts showed strong inhibitory effects on several HIV-1 strains, including drug-resistant and primary HIV-1 isolates, and protected even primary cells (PBMC) from HIV-1-infection. Anti-viral potency was related to ecological factors and showed clear differences depending on light exposition or epiphyte growth. Assays addressing early events of the HIV-1 replication cycle indicated that L. variegata extracts inhibited entry of HIV-1 into cells at a pre-fusion step possibly by impeding mobility of virus particles. Further characterization of the aqueous extract demonstrated that even high doses had only moderate effects on viability of cultured and primary cells (PBMCs). Imaging-based techniques revealed extract effects on the plasma membrane and actin filaments as well as induction of apoptosis at concentrations exceeding EC50 of anti-HIV-1 activity by more than 400 fold. In summary, we show for the first time that L. variegata extracts inhibit HIV-1 entry, thereby suggesting this alga as promising source for the development of novel HIV-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Kremb
- Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Markus Helfer
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Kraus
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Horst Wolff
- Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Christian Wild
- Coral Reef Ecology Group (CORE), Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT), Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Bremen, Germany
| | - Martha Schneider
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian R. Voolstra
- Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruth Brack-Werner
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Neuherberg, Germany
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Abstract
Edible polymers have established substantial deliberation in modern eons because of their benefits comprising use as edible materials over synthetic polymers. This could contribute to the reduction of environmental contamination. Edible polymers can practically diminish the complexity and thus improve the recyclability of materials, compared to the more traditional non-environmentally friendly materials and may be able to substitute such synthetic polymers. A synthetic hydrogel polymer unlocked a new possibility for development of films, coatings, extrudable pellets, and synthetic nanopolymers, particularly designed for medical, agricultural, and industrial fields. Edible polymers offer many advantages for delivering drugs and tissue engineering. Edible polymer technology helps food industries to make their products more attractive and safe to use. Novel edible materials have been derived from many natural sources that have conventionally been regarded as discarded materials. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive introduction to edible polymers by providing descriptions in terms of their origin, properties, and potential uses.
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New drugs with antiprotozoal activity from marine algae: a review. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Diterpenes from the brown seaweed Dictyota caribaea (Dictyotaceae, Phaeophyceae): The ecological and taxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gallé JB, Attioua B, Kaiser M, Rusig AM, Lobstein A, Vonthron-Sénécheau C. Eleganolone, a diterpene from the French marine alga Bifurcaria bifurcata inhibits growth of the human pathogens Trypanosoma brucei and Plasmodium falciparum. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:599-610. [PMID: 23442789 PMCID: PMC3705360 DOI: 10.3390/md11030599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic extracts of 20 species of French seaweed have been screened against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense trypomastigotes, the parasite responsible for sleeping sickness. These extracts have previously shown potent antiprotozoal activities in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum and Leishmania donovani. The selectivity of the extracts was also evaluated by testing cytotoxicity on a mammalian L6 cell line. The ethyl acetate extract of the brown seaweed, Bifurcaria bifurcata, showed strong trypanocidal activity with a mild selectivity index (IC(50) = 0.53 µg/mL; selectivity index (SI) = 11.6). Bio-guided fractionation led to the isolation of eleganolone, the main diterpenoid isolated from this species. Eleganolone contributes only mildly to the trypanocidal activity of the ethyl acetate extract (IC(50) = 45.0 µM, SI = 4.0). However, a selective activity against P. falciparum erythrocytic stages in vitro has been highlighted (IC(50) = 7.9 µM, SI = 21.6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Gallé
- UMR 7200 CNRS, Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, 64701 Illkirch, France; E-Mails: (J.-B.G.); (A.L.)
| | - Barthélémy Attioua
- Department of Material Structure Sciences and Technology, University of Cocody, 01 BP 582, Abidjan, Ivory Coast; E-Mail:
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; E-Mail:
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Marie Rusig
- CNRS INEE-FRE3484 Marine Mollusks Biology and Associated Ecosystems, University of Caen Basse-Normandie, 14032 Caen Cedex, France; E-Mail:
| | - Annelise Lobstein
- UMR 7200 CNRS, Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, 64701 Illkirch, France; E-Mails: (J.-B.G.); (A.L.)
| | - Catherine Vonthron-Sénécheau
- UMR 7200 CNRS, Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, 64701 Illkirch, France; E-Mails: (J.-B.G.); (A.L.)
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Soares DC, Calegari-Silva TC, Lopes UG, Teixeira VL, de Palmer Paixão ICN, Cirne-Santos C, Bou-Habib DC, Saraiva EM. Dolabelladienetriol, a compound from Dictyota pfaffii algae, inhibits the infection by Leishmania amazonensis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2012; 6:e1787. [PMID: 22970332 PMCID: PMC3435235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy for leishmaniasis, a disease caused by Leishmania parasites, is expensive and causes side effects. Furthermore, parasite resistance constitutes an increasing problem, and new drugs against this disease are needed. In this study, we examine the effect of the compound 8,10,18-trihydroxy-2,6-dolabelladiene (Dolabelladienetriol), on Leishmania growth in macrophages. The ability of this compound to modulate macrophage function is also described. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Leishmania-infected macrophages were treated with Dolabelladienetriol, and parasite growth was measured using an infectivity index. Nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α and TGF-β production were assayed in macrophages using specific assays. NF-kB nuclear translocation was analyzed by western blot. Dolabelladienetriol inhibited Leishmania in a dose-dependent manner; the IC(50) was 44 µM. Dolabelladienetriol diminished NO, TNF-α and TGF-β production in uninfected and Leishmania-infected macrophages and reduced NF-kB nuclear translocation. Dolabelladienetriol inhibited Leishmania infection even when the parasite growth was exacerbated by either IL-10 or TGF-β. In addition, Dolabelladienetriol inhibited Leishmania growth in HIV-1-co-infected human macrophages. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that Dolabelladienetriol significantly inhibits Leishmania in macrophages even in the presence of factors that exacerbate parasite growth, such as IL-10, TGF-β and HIV-1 co-infection. Our results suggest that Dolabelladienetriol is a promising candidate for future studies regarding treatment of leishmaniasis, associated or not with HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivid Costa Soares
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Teresa C. Calegari-Silva
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ulisses G. Lopes
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valéria L. Teixeira
- Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Izabel C. N. de Palmer Paixão
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Claudio Cirne-Santos
- Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Elvira M. Saraiva
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Rosaline XD, Sakthivelkumar S, Rajendran K, Janarthanan S. Screening of selected marine algae from the coastal Tamil Nadu, South India for antibacterial activity. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60145-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Wijesinghe WAJP, Jeon YJ. Enzyme-assistant extraction (EAE) of bioactive components: a useful approach for recovery of industrially important metabolites from seaweeds: a review. Fitoterapia 2011; 83:6-12. [PMID: 22061659 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, the biological activities of seaweeds could have gained a considerable research interest because of their specific functional compounds, which may not be available in land plants. Thus, efforts at discovery of novel metabolites from seaweeds over the past years have yielded a considerable amount of new active compounds. In addition, studies about the extraction of active compounds from natural products have attracted special attention in the last recent years. Potent biologically active compounds of seaweeds have been demonstrated to play a significant role in prevention of certain degenerative diseases such as cancer, inflammation, arthritis, diabetes and hypertension. Therefore, seaweed derived active components, whose immense biochemical diversity looks like to become a rich source of novel chemical entities for the use as functional ingredients in many industrial applications such as functional foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals. Thus, the interest in the extraction of active compounds from seaweeds is obvious. However, the physical and chemical barriers of the plant material become the key drawbacks of such extraction process. Therefore, enhanced release and recovery of active compounds attached to the cells have been addressed. Taken together, the aim of this communication is to discuss the potential use of enzyme treatment as a tool to improve the extraction efficiency of bioactive compounds from seaweeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A J P Wijesinghe
- School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea.
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Enhanced Antitumoral Activity of Extracts Derived from Cultured Udotea flabellum (Chlorophyta). EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:969275. [PMID: 21845203 PMCID: PMC3142931 DOI: 10.1155/2011/969275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Very few studies have been performed to evaluate the effect of culture conditions on the production or activity of active metabolites in algae. Previous studies suggest that the synthesis of bioactive compounds is strongly influenced by irradiance level. To investigate whether the antiproliferative activity of Udotea flabellum extracts is modified after cultivation, this green alga was cultured under four photon flux densities (PFD) for 30 days. After 10, 20, and 30 days, algae were extracted with dichloromethane: methanol and screened for antiproliferative activity against four human cancer cell lines (laryngeal—Hep-2, cervix—HeLa, cervix squamous—SiHa and nasopharynx—KB) by SRB assay. Lipid and phenol content were evaluated by standardized methods on algae organic extracts. After 10 days of cultivation, organic U. flabellum extracts showed a significant increase in antiproliferative activity on Hela and SiHa cells when compared to noncultured algae extracts. Extracts obtained after 10 and 20 days of culture were active on KB and Hep-2 cells. Total phenol and polyunsaturated fatty acid content in organic extracts changed with cultivation time but not by irradiance treatment. Extracts from U. flabellum obtained after 10 and 20 days of culture have been selected for fractionation and isolation of active compounds.
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Vonthron-Sénécheau C, Kaiser M, Devambez I, Vastel A, Mussio I, Rusig AM. Antiprotozoal activities of organic extracts from French marine seaweeds. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:922-933. [PMID: 21747738 PMCID: PMC3131551 DOI: 10.3390/md9060922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine macrophytes contain a variety of biologically active compounds, some reported to have antiprotozoal activity in vitro. As a part of a screening program to search for new natural antiprotozoals, we screened hydroalcoholic and ethyl acetate extracts of 20 species of seaweeds from three phyla (Rhodophyta, Heterokontophyta and Chlorophyta), sampled along the Normandy (France) coast. We tested them in vitro against the protozoa responsible for three major endemic parasitic diseases: Plasmodium falciparum, Leishmania donovani and Trypanosoma cruzi. The selectivity of the extracts was also evaluated by testing on a mammalian cell line (L6 cells). Ethyl acetate extracts were more active than hydroalcoholic ones. Activity against T. cruzi and L. donovani was non-existent to average, but almost half the extracts showed good activity against P. falciparum. The ethyl acetate extract of Mastocarpus stellatus showed the best antiplasmodial activity as well as the best selectivity index (IC(50) = 2.8 μg/mL; SI > 30). Interestingly, a red algae species, which shares phylogenetic origins with P. falciparum, showed the best antiplasmodial activity. This study is the first to report comparative antiprotozoal activity of French marine algae. Some of the species studied here have not previously been biologically evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Vonthron-Sénécheau
- Pharmacognosie et Molécules Naturelles Bio-actives, Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique UMR CNRS 7200, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch cedex, France
- Physiologie et Ecophysiologie des Mollusques Marins, UMR M IFREMER 100, Institut de Biologie Fondamentale et Appliquée (IBFA), Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 14032 Caen cedex, France; E-Mails: (I.D.); (A.V.); (I.M.); (A.-M.R.)
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institution, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; E-Mail:
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Devambez
- Physiologie et Ecophysiologie des Mollusques Marins, UMR M IFREMER 100, Institut de Biologie Fondamentale et Appliquée (IBFA), Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 14032 Caen cedex, France; E-Mails: (I.D.); (A.V.); (I.M.); (A.-M.R.)
| | - Antoine Vastel
- Physiologie et Ecophysiologie des Mollusques Marins, UMR M IFREMER 100, Institut de Biologie Fondamentale et Appliquée (IBFA), Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 14032 Caen cedex, France; E-Mails: (I.D.); (A.V.); (I.M.); (A.-M.R.)
| | - Isabelle Mussio
- Physiologie et Ecophysiologie des Mollusques Marins, UMR M IFREMER 100, Institut de Biologie Fondamentale et Appliquée (IBFA), Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 14032 Caen cedex, France; E-Mails: (I.D.); (A.V.); (I.M.); (A.-M.R.)
| | - Anne-Marie Rusig
- Physiologie et Ecophysiologie des Mollusques Marins, UMR M IFREMER 100, Institut de Biologie Fondamentale et Appliquée (IBFA), Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 14032 Caen cedex, France; E-Mails: (I.D.); (A.V.); (I.M.); (A.-M.R.)
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Süzgeç-Selçuk S, Meriçli AH, Güven KC, Kaiser M, Casey R, Hingley-Wilson S, Lalvani A, Tasdemir D. Evaluation of Turkish seaweeds for antiprotozoal, antimycobacterial and cytotoxic activities. Phytother Res 2011; 25:778-83. [PMID: 21520472 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
As part of our continuing research on seaweeds, crude MeOH extracts of two green, three brown and six red algae collected from Marmara, Black, Aegean and Mediterranean Seas were screened. Four parasitic protozoa, i.e. Plasmodium falciparum, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, T. cruzi, Leishmania donovani and the tubercle bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis were used as test organisms for the in vitro assays. The selective toxicity of the extracts was also determined against mammalian L6 cells. All seaweed extracts were active against T. brucei rhodesiense; the Dasya pedicellata extract was the most potent (IC(50) value 0.37 µg/mL). The same extract also weakly inhibited the growth of T. cruzi (IC(50) 62.02 µg/mL). All seaweed extracts also showed leishmanicidal activity (IC(50) values 16.76-69.98 µg/mL). The majority of the extracts also exhibited antiplasmodial potential and the most potent extracts were those from D. pedicellata (IC(50) 0.38 µg/mL), Codium bursa (IC(50) 1.38 µg/mL) and Caulerpa rasemosa (IC(50) 3.12 µg/mL). One brown and two red algal extracts showed some weak activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MIC values 125-256 µg/mL). Except for the extract of Dasya pedicellata, none of the extracts displayed any cytotoxicity. This is the second study investigating the antiprotozoal activities of Turkish marine algae and identifies Dasya pedicellata, an understudied algal species, as a candidate for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Süzgeç-Selçuk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
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Mayer AMS, Rodríguez AD, Berlinck RGS, Fusetani N. Marine pharmacology in 2007-8: Marine compounds with antibacterial, anticoagulant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral activities; affecting the immune and nervous system, and other miscellaneous mechanisms of action. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2011; 153:191-222. [PMID: 20826228 PMCID: PMC7110230 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2010.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Revised: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature in 2007-8 is covered in this review, which follows a similar format to the previous 1998-2006 reviews of this series. The preclinical pharmacology of structurally characterized marine compounds isolated from marine animals, algae, fungi and bacteria is discussed in a comprehensive manner. Antibacterial, anticoagulant, antifungal, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis and antiviral activities were reported for 74 marine natural products. Additionally, 59 marine compounds were reported to affect the cardiovascular, immune and nervous systems as well as to possess anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, 65 marine metabolites were shown to bind to a variety of receptors and miscellaneous molecular targets, and thus upon further completion of mechanism of action studies, will contribute to several pharmacological classes. Marine pharmacology research during 2007-8 remained a global enterprise, with researchers from 26 countries, and the United States, contributing to the preclinical pharmacology of 197 marine compounds which are part of the preclinical marine pharmaceuticals pipeline. Sustained preclinical research with marine natural products demonstrating novel pharmacological activities, will probably result in the expansion of the current marine pharmaceutical clinical pipeline, which currently consists of 13 marine natural products, analogs or derivatives targeting a limited number of disease categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro M S Mayer
- Department of Pharmacology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.
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Spavieri J, Allmendinger A, Kaiser M, Casey R, Hingley-Wilson S, Lalvani A, Guiry MD, Blunden G, Tasdemir D. Antimycobacterial, antiprotozoal and cytotoxic potential of twenty-one brown algae (Phaeophyceae) from British and Irish waters. Phytother Res 2010; 24:1724-9. [PMID: 20564461 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the continuation of our research on seaweeds, crude extracts of 21 brown algae collected from the south coast of England and the west coast of Ireland were screened for in vitro trypanocidal, leishmanicidal and antimycobacterial activities. Mammalian stages of a small set of parasitic protozoa; i.e. Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, T. cruzi and Leishmania donovani, and the tubercle bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis were used as test organisms. The extracts were also evaluated for selectivity by testing on a mammalian cell line (L6 cells). Only four extracts were moderately active against T. cruzi, whereas all algal extracts showed significant activity against T. brucei rhodesiense, with Halidrys siliquosa and Bifurcaria bifurcata (Sargassaceae) being the most potent (IC50 values 1.2 and 1.9 μg/mL). All algal extracts also displayed leishmanicidal activity, with H. siliquosa and B. bifurcata again being the most active (IC50s 6.4 and 8.6 μg/mL). When tested against M. tuberculosis, only the B. bifurcata extract was found to have some antitubercular potential (MIC value 64.0 μg/mL). Only three seaweed extracts, i.e. H. siliquosa, B. bifurcata and Cystoseira tamariscifolia showed some cytotoxicity. To our knowledge, this is the first study on the antiprotozoal and antimycobacterial activity of brown algae from British and Irish waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Spavieri
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, School of Pharmacy, University of London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
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dos Santos AO, Veiga-Santos P, Ueda-Nakamura T, Filho BPD, Sudatti DB, Bianco ÉM, Pereira RC, Nakamura CV. Effect of elatol, isolated from red seaweed Laurencia dendroidea, on Leishmania amazonensis. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:2733-43. [PMID: 21139841 PMCID: PMC2996173 DOI: 10.3390/md8112733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Revised: 10/14/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the antileishmanial activity of sesquiterpene elatol, the major constituent of the Brazilian red seaweed Laurencia dendroidea (Hudson) J.V. Lamouroux, against L. amazonensis. Elatol after 72 h of treatment, showed an IC(50) of 4.0 μM and 0.45 μM for promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of L. amazonensis, respectively. By scanning and transmission electron microscopy, parasites treated with elatol revealed notable changes compared with control cells, including: pronounced swelling of the mitochondrion; appearance of concentric membrane structures inside the organelle; destabilization of the plasma membrane; and formation of membrane structures, apparently an extension of the endoplasmic reticulum, which is suggestive of an autophagic process. A cytotoxicity assay showed that the action of the isolated compound is more specific for protozoa, and it is not toxic to macrophages. Our studies indicated that elatol is a potent antiproliferative agent against promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms, and may have important advantages for the development of new anti-leishamanial chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Oliveira dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, CEP 86051-990, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; E-Mails: (A.O.S.); (B.P.D.F.)
| | - Phercyles Veiga-Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Bloco B-08, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; E-Mails: (P.V.-S.); (T.U.-N.)
| | - Tânia Ueda-Nakamura
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Bloco B-08, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; E-Mails: (P.V.-S.); (T.U.-N.)
| | - Benedito Prado Dias Filho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, CEP 86051-990, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; E-Mails: (A.O.S.); (B.P.D.F.)
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Bloco B-08, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; E-Mails: (P.V.-S.); (T.U.-N.)
| | - Daniela Bueno Sudatti
- Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Caixa Postal 100644, CEP 24001-970, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; E-Mails: (D.B.S.); (R.C.P.)
| | - Éverson Miguel Bianco
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Baptista, s/n, CEP 24.020-150, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; E-Mail: (É.M.B.)
| | - Renato Crespo Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Caixa Postal 100644, CEP 24001-970, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; E-Mails: (D.B.S.); (R.C.P.)
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Baptista, s/n, CEP 24.020-150, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; E-Mail: (É.M.B.)
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, CEP 86051-990, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; E-Mails: (A.O.S.); (B.P.D.F.)
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Bloco B-08, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; E-Mails: (P.V.-S.); (T.U.-N.)
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Allmendinger A, Spavieri J, Kaiser M, Casey R, Hingley-Wilson S, Lalvani A, Guiry M, Blunden G, Tasdemir D. Antiprotozoal, antimycobacterial and cytotoxic potential of twenty-three British and Irish red algae. Phytother Res 2010; 24:1099-103. [PMID: 20077438 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
As part of our continuing research on seaweeds, we have screened the crude extracts of 23 red marine algae collected from England and Ireland. The clinically important blood-stage life forms of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, T. cruzi, Leishmania donovani and Mycobacterium tuberculosis were used as test organisms in the in vitro assays. The selectivity of the extracts was determined by using mammalian skeletal myoblast (L6) cells. All algal extracts showed activity against T. brucei rhodesiense, with Corallina officinalis and Ceramium virgatum being the most potent (IC(50) values 4.8 and 5.4 microg/ml), whilst none of the algal extracts inhibited the growth of T. cruzi. Except for Porphyra leucosticta, extracts from all seaweeds also showed leishmanicidal activity with IC(50) values ranging from 16.5 to 85.6 microg/ml. Only the crude extract of Calliblepharis jubata showed some weak activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MIC value 256 microg/ml), while the others were inactive at this concentration. Corallina officinalis was the only seaweed that displayed some marginal cytotoxicity (IC(50) value 88.6 microg/ml), and all remaining extracts were non-toxic towards L6 cells at 90 microg/ml concentration. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting antiprotozoal and antimycobacterial activity of British and Irish red algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Allmendinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, School of Pharmacy, University of London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
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In vitro anti-trypanosomal activity of elatol isolated from red seaweed Laurencia dendroidea. Parasitology 2010; 137:1661-70. [PMID: 20546638 DOI: 10.1017/s003118201000034x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY Chagas' disease is a debilitating but comparatively neglected illness that affects about 15 million people. There is an urgent need to develop new, more effective, and less-toxic compounds. In this study, we assessed the in vitro anti-trypanosomal activity of the sesquiterpene elatol from the Brazilian red seaweed Laurencia dendroidea. We used electron microscopy to evaluate the effect of elatol on the morphology and ultrastructure of the parasite. Elatol showed a dose-dependent effect against the epimastigote, trypomastigote, and amastigote forms, with IC50 values of 45.4, 1.38, and 1.01 microm, respectively. Observation of treated intracellular amastigotes by light microscopy demonstrated a total elimination of the infection at a dose of 3.0 microm. In addition, the compound did not affect the red blood cells, and the CC50 value for LLCMK2 cells was 27.0 microm. Transmission and scanning electron micrographs showed aberrant-shaped cells and breaks in the plasma membrane, prominent swollen mitochondria, and extensive formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles in all the forms. This is the first report of the anti-trypanosomal effect of the sesquiterpene elatol.
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de Felício R, de Albuquerque S, Young MCM, Yokoya NS, Debonsi HM. Trypanocidal, leishmanicidal and antifungal potential from marine red alga Bostrychia tenella J. Agardh (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales). J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 52:763-9. [PMID: 20236785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Specimens of the red alga Bostrychia tenella J. Agardh (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales) were collected from the São Paulo coast and submitted to room temperature solvent extraction. The resulting extract was fractionated by partitioning with organic solvent. The n-hexane (BT-H) and dichloromethane (BT-D) fractions showed antiprotozoal potential in biological tests with Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania amazonensis and presented high activity in an antifungal assay with the phytopathogenic fungi Cladosporium cladosporioides and Cladosporium sphaerospermum. Chromatography methods were used to generate subfractions from BT-H (H01 to H11) and from BT-D (D01 to D19). The subfractions were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and the substances were identified by retention index (Kovats) and by comparison to databases of commercial mass spectra. The volatile compounds found in marine algae were identified as fatty acids, low molecular mass hydrocarbons, esters and steroids; some of these have been previously described in the literature based on other biological activities. Moreover, uncommon substances, such as neophytadiene were also identified. In a trypanocidal assay, fractions BT-H and BT-D showed IC(50) values of 16.8 and 19.1 microg/mL, respectively, and were more active than the gentian violet standard (31 microg/mL); subfractions H02, H03, D01 and D02 were active against L. amasonensis, exhibiting IC(50) values of 1.5, 2.7, 4.4, and 4.3 microg/mL, respectively (standard amphotericin B: IC(50)=13 microg/mL). All fractions showed antifungal potential. This work reports the biological activity and identification of compounds by GC/MS for the marine red alga B. tenella for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael de Felício
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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