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Samet S, Ayachi A, Fourati M, Mallouli L, Allouche N, Treilhou M, Téné N, Mezghani-Jarraya R. Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Erodium arborescens Aerial Part Extracts and Characterization by LC-HESI-MS 2 of Its Acetone Extract. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144399. [PMID: 35889269 PMCID: PMC9318634 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The phytochemical analysis of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Erodium arborescens aerial part extracts constitute the focus of this research. The chemical composition of an acetone extract was investigated using LC-HESI-MS2, which revealed the presence of 70 compounds. The major identified components were tannin derivatives. Total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents were assessed in plant extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol). The results showed that the acetone extract exhibited the highest contents of polyphenols and flavonoids, 895.54 and 36.39 mg QE/g DE, respectively. Furthermore, when compared to other extracts, Erodium arborescens acetone extract was endowed with the highest antioxidant activity with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) tests. In addition, the four extracts of Erodium arborescens showed variable degrees of antimicrobial activity against the tested strains, and the interesting activity was obtained with acetone and methanol extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonda Samet
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Natural Substances Team, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.B. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (S.S.); (A.A.); (N.A.); (R.M.-J.)
| | - Amani Ayachi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Natural Substances Team, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.B. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (S.S.); (A.A.); (N.A.); (R.M.-J.)
| | - Mariam Fourati
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Enzyme Engineering of the Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax-Tunisia, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.B. 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (M.F.); (L.M.)
| | - Lotfi Mallouli
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Enzyme Engineering of the Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax-Tunisia, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.B. 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (M.F.); (L.M.)
| | - Noureddine Allouche
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Natural Substances Team, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.B. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (S.S.); (A.A.); (N.A.); (R.M.-J.)
| | - Michel Treilhou
- Equipe BTSB-EA 7417, Institut National Universitaire Jean-François Champollion, Université de Toulouse, Place de Verdun, 81012 Albi, France;
| | - Nathan Téné
- Equipe BTSB-EA 7417, Institut National Universitaire Jean-François Champollion, Université de Toulouse, Place de Verdun, 81012 Albi, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-667276471
| | - Raoudha Mezghani-Jarraya
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Natural Substances Team, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.B. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (S.S.); (A.A.); (N.A.); (R.M.-J.)
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Alqarni MH, Salkini MA, Alam P, Alanazi MT, Abdel-Kader MS, El Sohafy SM. Assessment of seasonal variation of the bioactive oleuropein in Olea europaea L. leaves cultivated in Saudi Arabia. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2022. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2021.00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Plants secondary metabolites undergoes qualitative and quantitative variation due to environmental and growth factors. It is a crucial factor to select the proper time for collection of medicinal plants to assure maximum content of active components reflected as maximum efficacy. Olive leaves (Olea europaea L.) are known traditionally for their antidiabetic effect. The secoiridoid glycoside oleuropein is the main active component of Olive leaves responsible for the biological activity. The current study was conducted to monitor the seasonal variation of oleuropein in Olives leaves collected from the same location. To achieve this goal a validated HPLC method following the ICH guidelines was established. Separation was conducted using RP18 column and a mobile phase consisted of ultrapure water containing 20% acetonitrile and 1% acetic acid. Detection was performed at 254 nm with 1 mL/min flow rate. The method was simple, linear, accurate, precise, specific and robust. The analyses revealed considerable variations in the level of oleuropein throughout the year. This variation cannot be explained by temperature variation during the year. Two points of high levels of oleuropein were detected prior to flowering stage and ripening of the fruits. The levels of growth regulators most likely is responsible for the increased production of oleuropein. It is recommended that leaves intended for medicinal use to be collected during the fruiting stage prior to fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Hamed Alqarni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad Ayman Salkini
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prawez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen Talal Alanazi
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged Saad Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21215, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samah M. El Sohafy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21215, Alexandria, Egypt
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Abstract
The table olive industry generates high amounts of wastewater annually during the alkaline treatment, fermentation, and washing steps of olives. High conductivity and salt content, as well as the high organic and biophenol contents of these waters, is a worldwide problem, especially in the Mediterranean region, which is the major table olive producing area. There is a wide variety of bioactives found in wastewater derived from table olive processing. The main compounds of table olive wastewater, such as those derived from phenolic, hydrocarbon, and sugar fractions, can be recovered and reused. In this review, the table olive manufacturing processes and the volumes and composition of wastewater generated from the different methods of table olive processing are discussed. In addition, biophenols of table olive water and their biological activities are also introduced. The high concentrations of valuable biophenols, such as tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol, show promising potential for valorizing table olive wastewater; however, more research is needed in this area.
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Faci M, Douzane M, Hedjal M, Daas MS, Fougere L, Lesellier E. Changes in secoiridoids content and chemical characteristics of cultivated and wild Algerian olive oil, in term of fruit maturation. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260182. [PMID: 34784391 PMCID: PMC8594848 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild varieties in nature are known to be better adapted to climate change and more resistant to arid conditions common in some regions of the world. Oil samples of two cultivated varieties, Chemlal and Lemli, and one sylvestris variety were collected at four different harvesting periods in the semi-arid region of Bouira, Algeria. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the genetic and maturity factors on the quality indices (acidity, peroxides value, and the parameters K232, K270), fatty acids profile, phenolic composition, and antioxidant activity of monovarietal olive oils. The study showed that early harvest dates of the fruits produced oils richer in pigments and phenolic compounds, with high antioxidant activity registered in both wild and cultivated varieties. Moreover, all oil samples showed high values of secoiridoids exceeding 60–90% of total biophenols, with higher values found in oleaster oils, which are correlated with high resistance to oxidation attacks. UHPLC-DAD and UHPLC-HRMS analyses showed that the secoiridoids composition is dominated by a profile rich in several isomers of oleuropein and ligstroside aglycons, which in turn represent more than 60% of the total secoiridoids in olive and Oleaster oils. Furthermore, chemometric analysis on the data allowed a better appreciation of the sensitivity of the virgin olive oil composition to the changes in genetic and ripening factors. According to the principal component analysis, phenolic and fatty acid profiles were the most important components contributing to the discrimination between olive oil samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massinissa Faci
- Department of Biological sciences, Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-Ouzou, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria
| | - Malika Douzane
- Agri-Food Technologies Research Division, National Institute of Agronomic Research of Algeria, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Mariem Hedjal
- Department of Biological sciences, Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-Ouzou, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Seghir Daas
- Agri-Food Technologies Research Division, National Institute of Agronomic Research of Algeria, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Laëtitia Fougere
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Orleans, National Centre for Scientific Research, Orleans, France
| | - Eric Lesellier
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Orleans, National Centre for Scientific Research, Orleans, France
- * E-mail:
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Huertas-Alonso AJ, Gavahian M, González-Serrano DJ, Hadidi M, Salgado-Ramos M, Sánchez-Verdú MP, Simirgiotis MJ, Barba FJ, Franco D, Lorenzo JM, Moreno A. Valorization of Wastewater from Table Olives: NMR Identification of Antioxidant Phenolic Fraction and Microwave Single-Phase Reaction of Sugary Fraction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111652. [PMID: 34829523 PMCID: PMC8615242 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The table olive industry is producing a huge amount of wastewater, which is a post-processing cost and an environmental concern. The present study aims to valorize this processing by-product to obtain a value-added product, thereby enhancing resource efficiency and contributing to achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). In this sense, a chemical reaction-based platform was developed to obtain valuable components, such as levulinic acid (LA) and 5-hydromethylfurfural (HMF). The products were then analyzed using NMR identification of the antioxidant phenolic fraction and microwave single-phase reaction of the sugary fraction. According to the results, the highest concentration of phenolic compounds does not correspond to the sample directly obtained from NaOH treatment (S1), indicating that water washing steps (S2–S5) are fundamental to recover phenolic substances. Moreover, glucose was presented in the sugary fraction that can be transformed into levulinic acid by a single-phase reaction under microwave irradiation. The information provided in this manuscript suggests that the wastewater from the olive processing industry can be valorized to obtain valuable products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto J. Huertas-Alonso
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
| | - Mohsen Gavahian
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, 1, Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan;
| | - Diego J. González-Serrano
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
| | - Milad Hadidi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
| | - Manuel Salgado-Ramos
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
| | - M. Prado Sánchez-Verdú
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Isla Teja, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Francisco J. Barba
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain;
| | - Daniel Franco
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Av. Galicia No. 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain;
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (A.M.)
| | - José M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Av. Galicia No. 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain;
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Andrés Moreno
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (A.M.)
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Otero P, Garcia-Oliveira P, Carpena M, Barral-Martinez M, Chamorro F, Echave J, Garcia-Perez P, Cao H, Xiao J, Simal-Gandara J, Prieto M. Applications of by-products from the olive oil processing: Revalorization strategies based on target molecules and green extraction technologies. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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7
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Bioactive Compounds in Waste By-Products from Olive Oil Production: Applications and Structural Characterization by Mass Spectrometry Techniques. Foods 2021; 10:foods10061236. [PMID: 34072297 PMCID: PMC8227576 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a remarkable increase in olive oil consumption has occurred worldwide, favoured by its organoleptic properties and the growing awareness of its health benefits. Currently, olive oil production represents an important economic income for Mediterranean countries, where roughly 98% of the world production is located. Both the cultivation of olive trees and the production of industrial and table olive oil generate huge amounts of solid wastes and dark liquid effluents, including olive leaves and pomace and olive oil mill wastewaters. Besides representing an economic problem for producers, these by-products also pose serious environmental concerns, thus their partial reuse, like that of all agronomical production residues, represents a goal to pursue. This aspect is particularly important since the cited by-products are rich in bioactive compounds, which, once extracted, may represent ingredients with remarkable added value for food, cosmetic and nutraceutical industries. Indeed, they contain considerable amounts of valuable organic acids, carbohydrates, proteins, fibers, and above all, phenolic compounds, that are variably distributed among the different wastes, depending on the employed production process of olive oils and table olives and agronomical practices. Yet, extraction and recovery of bioactive components from selected by-products constitute a critical issue for their rational valorization and detailed identification and quantification are mandatory. The most used analytical methods adopted to identify and quantify bioactive compounds in olive oil by-products are based on the coupling between gas- (GC) or liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS), with MS being the most useful and successful detection tool for providing structural information. Without derivatization, LC-MS with electrospray (ESI) or atmospheric pressure chemical (APCI) ionization sources has become one of the most relevant and versatile instrumental platforms for identifying phenolic bioactive compounds. In this review, the major LC-MS accomplishments reported in the literature over the last two decades to investigate olive oil processing by-products, specifically olive leaves and pomace and olive oil mill wastewaters, are described, focusing on phenolics and related compounds.
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Mastino PM, Marchetti M, Costa J, Juliano C, Usai M. Analytical Profiling of Phenolic Compounds in Extracts of Three Cistus Species from Sardinia and Their Potential Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100053. [PMID: 33932088 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The Cistaceae family is well represented in Sardinia, and the Cistus genus is widely used in traditional medicine. Nowadays only few studies have been performed on this genus vegetating in Sardinia in spite of its ethnobotanical importance. Moreover, in the past there have been conflicting opinions among botanists for the exact assignment of the species growing in Sardinia. We started several years ago to carried out studies on this genus and in the present study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of several samples of Cistus salvifolius L., Cistus monspeliensis L., and Cistus albidus L. collected in Sardinia as antimicrobial agents against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and four Candida species and their antioxidant activity using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Furthermore, the phenolic content and composition of the extracts were first evaluated. Using statistical multivariate analysis on the complete metabolomics profile of all Cistus species growing wild in Sardinia, we confirmed the botanical classification, and we observed an interesting correlation between metabolomics profile and antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Monica Mastino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie per l'Agricoltura, le Foreste, la Natura e l'Energia (DAFNE), Università della Tuscia, via S. Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Mauro Marchetti
- C.N.R. - Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, traversa La Crucca 3, I-07040, Sassari, Italy
| | - Jean Costa
- Université de Corse, CNRS UMR 6134, Laboratoire de Chimie des Produits Naturels, BP 52, 20250, Corti, France
| | - Claudia Juliano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, via Muroni 23, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Marianna Usai
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, via Muroni 23, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
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Cádiz-Gurrea MDLL, Pinto D, Delerue-Matos C, Rodrigues F. Olive Fruit and Leaf Wastes as Bioactive Ingredients for Cosmetics-A Preliminary Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020245. [PMID: 33562523 PMCID: PMC7914505 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Olea europaea cultivar, native in the Mediterranean basin, has expanded worldwide, mainly due to the olive oil industry. This expansion is attributed to the benefits of olive oil consumption, since this product is rich in nutritional and bioactive compounds. However, the olive industry generates high amounts of wastes, which could be related to polluting effects on soil and water. To minimize the environmental impact, different strategies of revalorization have been proposed. In this sense, the aim of this work was to develop high cosmetic value added oleuropein-enriched extracts (O20 and O30), a bioactive compound from olive byproducts, performing a comprehensive characterization using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and evaluate their bioactivity by in vitro assays. A total of 49 compounds were detected, with oleuropein and its derivatives widely found in O30 extract, whereas iridoids were mainly detected in O20 extract. Moreover, 10 compounds were detected for the first time in olive leaves. Both extracts demonstrated strong antioxidant and antiradical activities, although O30 showed higher values. In addition, radical oxygen and nitrogen species scavenging and enzyme inhibition values were higher in O30, with the exception of HOCl and hyaluronidase inhibition assays. Regarding cell viability, olive byproduct extracts did not lead to a decrease in keratinocytes viability until 100 µg/mL. All data reported by the present study reflect the potential of industrial byproducts as cosmetic ingredients.
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Álvarez-Martínez FJ, Rodríguez JC, Borrás-Rocher F, Barrajón-Catalán E, Micol V. The antimicrobial capacity of Cistus salviifolius and Punica granatum plant extracts against clinical pathogens is related to their polyphenolic composition. Sci Rep 2021; 11:588. [PMID: 33436818 PMCID: PMC7803989 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance poses a serious threat to human health worldwide. Plant compounds may help to overcome antibiotic resistance due to their potential resistance modifying capacity. Several botanical extracts and pure polyphenolic compounds were screened against a panel of eleven bacterial isolates with clinical relevance. The two best performing agents, Cistus salviifolius (CS) and Punica granatum (GP) extracts, were tested against 100 Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates, which resulted in average MIC50 values ranging between 50-80 µg/mL. CS extract, containing hydrolyzable tannins and flavonoids such as myricetin and quercetin derivatives, demonstrated higher activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates. GP extract, which contained mostly hydrolyzable tannins, such as punicalin and punicalagin, was more effective against methicillin-sensitive S. aureus isolates. Generalized linear model regression and multiple correspondence statistical analysis revealed a correlation between a higher susceptibility to CS extract with bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and quinolones. On the contrary, susceptibility to GP extract was related with bacteria sensitive to quinolones and oxacillin. Bacterial susceptibility to GP and CS extracts was linked to a resistance profile based on cell wall disruption mechanism. In conclusion, a differential antibacterial activity against S. aureus isolates was observed depending on antibiotic resistance profile of isolates and extract polyphenolic composition, which may lead to development of combinatorial therapies including antibiotics and botanical extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Álvarez-Martínez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Rodríguez
- Microbiology Section, University General Hospital of Alicante, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL Foundation, Alicante, Spain
| | - Fernando Borrás-Rocher
- Statistics and Operative Research Department, Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Avda. Universidad s/n, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - Enrique Barrajón-Catalán
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03202, Elche, Spain.
| | - Vicente Micol
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03202, Elche, Spain
- CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CB12/03/30038), Madrid, Spain
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11
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Encased Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis as a Probe for Oleuropein Self-Assembled Structure Formation. MATERIALS 2020; 14:ma14010050. [PMID: 33374423 PMCID: PMC7794816 DOI: 10.3390/ma14010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Stable oleuropein-coated gold nanoparticles in aqueous media were synthesized for the first time. Oleuropein (OLE) concentration in the reaction medium was found to greatly influence the outcome and stability of the resulting nanocolloid, with a marked decrease in particle size being found for the more concentrated oleuropein solutions. The protection mechanisms involved in the stabilized nanosystems were analyzed. Oleuropein self-assembled structures were found to be formed at a concentration threshold of [OLE] > 5 × 10−5 M, and observed through the use of CryoSEM imaging. Those structures were responsible for both the increased stability and the decrease in size observed at the more concentrated solutions.
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Olive Mill Wastes: A Source of Bioactive Molecules for Plant Growth and Protection against Pathogens. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9120450. [PMID: 33291288 PMCID: PMC7762183 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Olive oil is the most common vegetable oil used for human nutrition, and its production represents a major economic sector in Mediterranean countries. The milling industry generates large amounts of liquid and solid residues, whose disposal is complicated and costly due to their polluting properties. However, olive mill waste (OMW) may also be seen as a source of valuable biomolecules including plant nutrients, anthocyanins, flavonoids, polysaccharides, and phenolic compounds. This review describes recent advances and multidisciplinary approaches in the identification and isolation of valuable natural OMW-derived bioactive molecules. Such natural compounds may be potentially used in numerous sustainable applications in agriculture such as fertilizers, biostimulants, and biopesticides in alternative to synthetic substances that have a negative impact on the environment and are harmful to human health. Abstract Olive oil production generates high amounts of liquid and solid wastes. For a long time, such complex matrices were considered only as an environmental issue, due to their polluting properties. On the other hand, olive mill wastes (OMWs) exert a positive effect on plant growth when applied to soil due to the high content of organic matter and mineral nutrients. Moreover, OMWs also exhibit antimicrobial activity and protective properties against plant pathogens possibly due to the presence of bioactive molecules including phenols and polysaccharides. This review covers the recent advances made in the identification, isolation, and characterization of OMW-derived bioactive molecules able to influence important plant processes such as plant growth and defend against pathogens. Such studies are relevant from different points of view. First, basic research in plant biology may benefit from the isolation and characterization of new biomolecules to be potentially applied in crop growth and protection against diseases. Moreover, the valorization of waste materials is necessary for the development of a circular economy, which is foreseen to drive the future development of a more sustainable agriculture.
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Densitometric high-performance thin-layer chromatography methods for the quantification of oleuropein in Olea europaea leaves and pharmaceutical preparation utilizing normal- and reversed-phase silica gel plates. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00764-020-00066-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Diversity of secoiridoid glycosides in leaves of UK and Danish ash provide new insight for ash dieback management. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19566. [PMID: 33177633 PMCID: PMC7658974 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76140-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Secoiridoid glycosides are anti-feeding deterrents of the Oleaceae family recently highlighted as potential biomarkers in Danish ash trees to differentiate between those tolerant and susceptible to the fungal disease ash dieback. With the knowledge that emerald ash borer has recently entered Europe from Russia, and that extensive selection trials are ongoing in Europe for ash dieback tolerant European ash (Fraxinus excelsior), we undertook comprehensive screening of secoiridoid glycosides in leaf extracts of trees tolerant and susceptible to ash dieback sampled from sites in the UK and Denmark. Here we report an unexpected diversity of secoiridoid glycosides in UK trees and higher levels of secoiridoid glycosides in the UK sample group. While it is unlikely that secoiridoid glycosides generally can serve as reliable markers for ash dieback susceptibility, there are differences between tolerant and susceptible groups for specific secoiridoids. We predict that the high levels—and structural diversity—of secoiridoids present in the UK group may provide a robust reservoir of anti-feeding deterrents to mitigate future herbivore threats such as the Emerald ash borer.
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Hammouda IB, Márquez-Ruiz G, Holgado F, Sonda A, Skalicka-Wozniak K, Bouaziz M. RP-UHPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS As a Powerful Tool of Oleuropein and Ligstroside Characterization in Olive-Leaf Extract and Their Contribution to the Improved Performance of Refined Olive-Pomace Oil during Heating. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12039-12047. [PMID: 33054204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Since olive leaf is a potential source of phenolic fraction that is assumed to have good antioxidative effects, we purposed to add its extract to the refined olive-pomace oil during heating to increase its oxidative stability. RP-UHPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS was employed to characterize the phenolic fraction.The oil samples were evaluated by measuring the polymers and the polar compounds and thus detecting specific oxidized compounds. Using this approach, the results showed that incorporating olive leaf extract in refined oil significantly reduced the formation of polymers from 14.39% to 10.45% and the oxidation state by the variation of extinction ΔK from 3.02 to 2.29 during 20 h of heating compared to unenriched oil. This study has proven that the use of natural substances is an opportunity to extend the life of refined oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibtissem Ben Hammouda
- Laboratoire d'Électrochimie et Environnement, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, B.P. 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Gloria Márquez-Ruiz
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Holgado
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ammar Sonda
- Laboratoire d'Électrochimie et Environnement, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, B.P. 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Wozniak
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Medical University in Lublin, 1 Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mohamed Bouaziz
- Laboratoire d'Électrochimie et Environnement, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, B.P. 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, B.P. 1175, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
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In silico characterisation of olive phenolic compounds as potential cyclooxygenase modulators. Part 1. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 101:107719. [PMID: 32898836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2020.107719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used to reduce pain. These target cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes which produce inflammatory mediators. Adverse effects associated with the use of traditional NSAIDs have led to a rise in the development of alternative therapies. Derived from Olea Europaea, olive oil is a main component of the Mediterranean diet, containing phenolic compounds that contribute to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It has previously been found that oleocanthal, a phenolic compound derived from the olive, had similar effects to ibuprofen, a commonly used NSAID. There is an abundance of olive phenolic compounds that have yet to be investigated for their anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, it was sought to identify potential olive-derived compounds with the ability to inhibit COX enzymes, and study the mechanisms using in silico approaches. Molecular docking was employed to determine the COX inhibitory potential of an olive phenolic compound library. From docking, it was determined that 1-oleyltyrosol (1OL) and ligstroside derivative 2 (LG2) demonstrated the greatest binding affinity to both COX-1 and COX-2. Interactions with these compounds were further examined using molecular dynamics simulations. The residue contributions to binding free energy were computed using Molecular Mechanics-Poisson Boltzmann Surface Area (MM-PBSA) methods, revealing that residues Leu93, Val116, Leu352, and Ala527 in COX-1 and COX-2 were key determinants of potential inhibition. Along with part 2 of this study, this work aims to identify and characterise novel phenolic compounds which may possess COX inhibitory properties.
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17
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Azib L, Debbache-Benaida N, Da Costa G, Atmani-Kilani D, Saidene N, Bouguellid G, Ourabah A, Krisa S, Richard T, Atmani D. Neuroprotective effects of Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. bark extract against Alzheimer's disease. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 109:101848. [PMID: 32645433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer disease's (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease induced by amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation and accumulation of neurotoxic metals in the brain. Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. (Oleaceae) is a Mediterranean plant traditionally used to treat several human problems as nervous system problems. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of F. angustifolia Vahl. bark extract (FAB) in vitro and in vivo against Aβ-aggregation and aluminium induced-neurotoxicity in mice. FAB was characterized by colorimetric methods and its individual compounds were identified and quantified by LC-MS. First, the neuroprotective effect of FAB was evaluated against Aβ25-35-aggregation where it was directly incubated with Aβ25-35 and the kinetic of aggregation was measured by spectrophotometer at 200 nm. Then, the extract was tested against Aβ25-35-induced cytotoxicity on PC12 cells and the cells viability was determined by MTT test. On the other hand, FAB (0.01-0.5 mg/mL) was tested against aluminium-activated lipid peroxidation in mice synaptosomal membranes, and in vivo against aluminium-caused neurotoxicity in male N.M.R.I. (Naval Medical Research Institute) mice; this test consisted of daily co-administration of the extract with Al for 60 days. At the end of the treatment, behavioral and memory tests (locomotor activity, black and white and Morris water maze tests) and histological analysis were realized. The identification and quantification of FAB phenolics revealed the presence of different phenolic classes with high concentration of phenylethanoids and hydroxycoumarins. FAB showed a high Aβ25-35 anti-aggregative effect and a dose dependent protective effect on PC12 cells. The extract also demonstrated a significant inhibition of lipid peroxidation and was found to prevent the Al harmful effects where it significantly increased the locomotor activity, decreased the anxiety, improved memory and reduced histological alterations. In conclusion, FAB is rich of bioactive compounds that gave it the ability to inhibit Aβ-aggregation and Al-caused neurotoxicity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lila Azib
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria.
| | - Nadjet Debbache-Benaida
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Gregory Da Costa
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France; INRA, USC 1366, ISVV, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Dina Atmani-Kilani
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Naima Saidene
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Ghania Bouguellid
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Asma Ourabah
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Stephanie Krisa
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France; INRA, USC 1366, ISVV, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Tristan Richard
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France; INRA, USC 1366, ISVV, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Djebbar Atmani
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria
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Paulo F, Santos L. Deriving valorization of phenolic compounds from olive oil by-products for food applications through microencapsulation approaches: a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:920-945. [PMID: 32274929 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1748563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, olive oil consumption is correlated to many health benefits, essentially due to the presence of antioxidants, especially phenolic compounds, which fostered its intensive production worldwide. During olive oil extraction, through continuous or discontinuous processes, many olive oil by-products are generated. These by-products constitute an environmental problem regarding its management and disposal. They are phytotoxic and biotoxic due to their high content of phenolic compounds, presenting contrastingly relevant health benefits due to their potent radical scavenging activities. In the framework of the disposal and management of olive oil by-products, treatment, and valorization approaches are found. As currently, the majority of the valorization techniques applied have a null market value, alternative strategies for the obtainment of innovative products as fortified foods are being investigated. The recovery and valorization strategies of olive oil by-products may comprise extraction and further encapsulation of bioactive compounds, as an innovative valorization blueprint of phenolic compounds present in these by-products. The majority of phenolic compounds present in olive oil by-products possess limited application on the food industry since they are promptly amended by environmental factors like temperature, pH, and light. Consequently, they must be protected previously ending in the final formulation. Prior to foods fortification with phenolic-rich extracts obtained from olive oil by-products, they should be protected through microencapsulation approaches, allowing a sustained release of phenolic compounds in the fortified foods, without losing their physicochemical properties. The combined strategies of extraction and microencapsulation will contribute to promoting the sustainability of the olive oil sector and aid the food industry to obtain reinvented added-value products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Paulo
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcia Santos
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Dini I, Graziani G, Fedele FL, Sicari A, Vinale F, Castaldo L, Ritieni A. Effects of Trichoderma Biostimulation on the Phenolic Profile of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil and Olive Oil By-Products. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040284. [PMID: 32230749 PMCID: PMC7222199 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive trees are grown on five continents. Fertilization of fields, pest control management, olive leaves, olive pomaces, and olive mill wastewaters have a substantial environmental impact. It is possible to reduce this problem by using organic products to cultivate and decrease olive oil processing waste by recovering the bioactive molecules. In this work, the effects of biostimulation, with beneficial microbes belonging to the Trichoderma genera, and with Trichoderma secondary metabolites (6PP and the HA) were evaluated on the phenolic profile and the antioxidant potential of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) and olive leaf samples to make them more commercially attractive as a source of phytochemicals useful for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Phenolics were identified and quantified by a spectrometer method using Q Exactive Orbitrap UHPLC-MS/MS (Ultra High Pressure Liquid Chromatography). Antioxidant activity was evaluated spectrophotometrically by the DPPH test. The use of Trichoderma strains, 6PP (6-Pentyl-α-Pyrone) and HA (Harzianic Acid), was demonstrated as an effective strategy to increase the leaves’ economic value as a source of phytochemicals (flavonoids, lignans, and oleuropein) useful for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Dini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80141 Napoli, Italy;
- Correspondence: (I.D.); (G.G.); (F.V.)
| | - Giulia Graziani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80141 Napoli, Italy;
- Correspondence: (I.D.); (G.G.); (F.V.)
| | - Francesca Luisa Fedele
- LINFA SCARL. Via Zona Industriale Porto San Salvo, 89900 Vibo Valentia, Italy; (F.L.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrea Sicari
- LINFA SCARL. Via Zona Industriale Porto San Salvo, 89900 Vibo Valentia, Italy; (F.L.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Francesco Vinale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, Via Università 133, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
- Correspondence: (I.D.); (G.G.); (F.V.)
| | - Luigi Castaldo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80141 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Alberto Ritieni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80141 Napoli, Italy;
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20
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Ventura G, Calvano CD, Abbattista R, Bianco M, De Ceglie C, Losito I, Palmisano F, Cataldi TRI. Characterization of bioactive and nutraceutical compounds occurring in olive oil processing wastes. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2019; 33:1670-1681. [PMID: 31268208 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Several bioactive compounds, including phenolic acids and secoiridoids, are transferred from olive drupes to olive oil during the first stage of production. Here, the characterization of these low molecular weight (LMW) compounds in olive oil and in closely related processing materials, like olive leaves (OL) and olive mill wastewaters (OMW), was faced up, for the first time, by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF MS). METHODS A novel binary matrix composed of 1,8-bis(tetramethylguanidino)naphthalene (TMGN) and 9-aminoacridine (9AA) (1:1 molar ratio), displaying excellent ionization properties at low levels of laser energy, was employed in reflectron negative ion mode by a MALDI TOF/TOF system equipped with a neodymium-doped yttrium lithium fluoride (Nd:YLF) laser (345 nm). MS/MS experiments were performed by using ambient air as the collision gas. RESULTS Four major secoiridoids typically present in olive oil, i.e., the aglycones of oleuropein and ligstroside, and oleacein and olecanthal at m/z 377.1, 361.1, 319.1 and 303.1, respectively, were detected in virgin olive oil (VOO) extracts, along with some of their chemical/enzymatic hydrolysis by-products, such as elenolic (m/z 241.1), decarboxymethyl-elenolic acids (m/z 183.1) and hydroxytyrosol (m/z 153.1). Besides oleuropein aglycone and oleacein, hydroxylated derivatives of decarboxymethyl-elenolic acid and hydroxytyrosol were evidenced in OMW. CONCLUSIONS While oleuropein was confirmed in OL extracts, several interesting phenolic compounds, including hydroxytyrosol, were recognized in OMW. The proposed approach based on the use of a novel binary matrix for MALDI MS/MS analyses of LMW bioactive compounds can be considered a promising analytical tool for a rapid screening of the phenolic fraction in olive oils and related processing wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ventura
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Cosima D Calvano
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Ramona Abbattista
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Bianco
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Cristina De Ceglie
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilario Losito
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Palmisano
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Tommaso R I Cataldi
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
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Olive leaves extract attenuates type II diabetes mellitus-induced testicular damage in rats: Molecular and biochemical study. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 27:326-340. [PMID: 30976175 PMCID: PMC6438850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has emerged as a public healthcare problem. Sustained hyperglycemia has been linked with many complications including impaired male fertility Olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaves have been extensively used in traditional remedies worldwide to control blood glucose level in DM. In this study, the beneficial role of olive leaves extract (OLE) was investigated to combat diabetes-induced adverse effect on testicular tissues. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 equal groups: normal control group, streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic group and diabetic groups which were given glibenclamide (GLB) or OLE at 250 and 500 mg/kg for 9 weeks to investigate the efficiency of olive leaves extract (OLE) in reducing the deleterious effect of diabetes on the reproductive system of male rats. Rats were checked for serum glucose, insulin, testosterone and gonadotropins. Also, testicular antioxidants, epididymal sperm characteristics and testicular histopathology were assessed. Expression of the testicular steroidogenic enzymes, cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450 scc) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) was examined. Moreover, androgen receptor and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein immunohistochemistry were assessed in testes. STZ-induced diabetes significantly increased serum glucose. However, STZ significantly decreased serum levels of insulin, testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Marked reductions in testicular antioxidants with elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) parallel with deterioration of the testicular histoarchitecture and epididymal sperm characteristics were recorded. Administration of GLB or OLE (250 and 500 mg/kg) resulted in a significant recovery of the above mentioned parameters in STZ-diabetic rats. Interestingly, OLE shows greater glycemic improvement and testicular protection than GLB with the highest percentage protection exhibited by the OLE high dose. Furthermore, OLE significantly induced testicular steroidogenesis in diabetic rat as evidenced by elevated P450 scc and 17β-HSD mRNA expression. The study proves that OLE possesses a potential protective role against diabetes-induced reproductive disorders, which may be due to its antioxidant activity and its ability to normalize testicular steroidogenesis.
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Cecchi L, Migliorini M, Zanoni B, Breschi C, Mulinacci N. An effective HPLC-based approach for the evaluation of the content of total phenolic compounds transferred from olives to virgin olive oil during the olive milling process. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:3636-3643. [PMID: 29250777 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies demonstrate a strong interest in learning more about phenolic transfer during oil extraction, with the main goal of increasing the phenolic concentration in olive oils. We aimed to propose and apply a new methodological approach for evaluating phenolic transfer from olives into oil during milling, based on the quantification of phenolic content in whole lyophilized fruits and the corresponding oils and considering the oil extraction yields. RESULTS We investigated the phenols transferred into the oil during olive milling in continuous extraction systems in Tuscany. In 2012, oils were extracted from cultivar Frantoio by a two-phase extraction system; in 2016, oils were extracted from cultivars Leccio del Corno and Arbequina by a three-phase extraction system. Results highlighted very low percentages of extracted phenols: up to 0.40% by the two-phase system and up to 0.19% by the three-phase system (0.08% for cultivar Arbequina and 0.19% for cultivar Leccio del Corno). CONCLUSION The usefulness of a simple and effective methodological approach for evaluating the extracted phenols was highlighted. Values of extracted phenols were up to 25 times lower than previous literature data. The proposed approach is applicable in all types of milling processes. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Cecchi
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
- Multidisciplinary Center of Research on Food Sciences (M.C.R.F.S.-Ce.R.A), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Bruno Zanoni
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry System Management (GESAAF) and Food Science and Technology and Microbiology Section, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlotta Breschi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry System Management (GESAAF) and Food Science and Technology and Microbiology Section, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Nadia Mulinacci
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
- Multidisciplinary Center of Research on Food Sciences (M.C.R.F.S.-Ce.R.A), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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Faustino MV, Pinto DC, Gonçalves MJ, Salgueiro L, Silveira P, Silva AM. Calendula L. species polyphenolic profile and in vitro antifungal activity. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Wang Z, Wang C. Preliminary Characterization of the Composition and Phenolic Fragmentation of Olive Byproducts by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. ANAL LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2017.1379086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Wang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of the Biomass Energy and Material, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengzhang Wang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of the Biomass Energy and Material, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
- Institute of New Technology of Forestry, CAF, Beijing, China
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26
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Di Mauro MD, Giardina RC, Fava G, Mirabella EF, Acquaviva R, Renis M, D’Antona N. Polyphenolic profile and antioxidant activity of olive mill wastewater from two Sicilian olive cultivars: Cerasuola and Nocellara etnea. Eur Food Res Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-017-2893-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Kishikawa A, Amen Y, Shimizu K. Anti-allergic triterpenes isolated from olive milled waste. Cytotechnology 2017; 69:307-315. [PMID: 28074390 PMCID: PMC5366967 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-016-0058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The degranulation of basophils stimulated by antigen is one of the allergic mechanisms of immediate hypersensitivity reactions. In a previous study, the β-hexosaminidase release of rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells stimulated by IgE cross-linking was specifically inhibited by ethanol extract of olive milled waste (OMW). OMW is a potential source of triterpenes, which show several biological activities. However, little is known about the effect of triterpenes in OMW on β-hexosaminidase release. Here we investigated anti-allergic triterpenes from the ethanol extract of OMW, and we discuss the structure-activity relationship. We subjected ethanol extract of OMW to activity-guided fractionation; this led to the isolation of five known triterpenes, i.e., maslinic acid (1), oleanolic acid (2), punicanolic acid (3), 2-O-acetylmaslinic acid (4), and epimaslinic acid (5) as well as one new triterpene, 11-oxo-maslinic acid (6). An anti-allergic assay revealed that 2-O-acetylmaslinic acid (4) and 11-oxo-maslinic acid (6) showed anti-allergic activity. Considering the structure-activity relationship of these triterpenes, it appears that the existence of a ketone group at C-11 or an acetyl group at C-2 would influence the anti-allergic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Kishikawa
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Science, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Yhiya Amen
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Science, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Kuniyoshi Shimizu
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Science, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.
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Kaur B, Kaur N. Metabolic fingerprinting of different populations of Phyllanthus niruri L. from Punjab using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI–MS). Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1674-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Araújo M, Pimentel FB, Alves RC, Oliveira MBP. Phenolic compounds from olive mill wastes: Health effects, analytical approach and application as food antioxidants. Trends Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hashmi MA, Khan A, Hanif M, Farooq U, Perveen S. Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Olea europaea (Olive). EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:541591. [PMID: 25802541 PMCID: PMC4352757 DOI: 10.1155/2015/541591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Aim of the Review. To grasp the fragmented information available on the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Olea europaea to explore its therapeutic potential and future research opportunities. Material and Methods. All the available information on O. europaea was collected via electronic search (using Pubmed, Scirus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) and a library search. Results. Ethnomedical uses of O. europaea are recorded throughout the world where it has been used to treat various ailments. Phytochemical research had led to the isolation of flavonoids, secoiridoids, iridoids, flavanones, biophenols, triterpenes, benzoic acid derivatives, isochromans, and other classes of secondary metabolites from O. europaea. The plant materials and isolated components have shown a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities like antidiabetic, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antiviral, antihypertensive, anticancer, antihyperglycemic, antinociceptive, gastroprotective, and wound healing activities. Conclusions. O. europaea emerged as a good source of traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The outcomes of phytochemical and pharmacological studies reported in this review will further expand its existing therapeutic potential and provide a convincing support to its future clinical use in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali Hashmi
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Afsar Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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D'Antuono I, Kontogianni VG, Kotsiou K, Linsalata V, Logrieco AF, Tasioula-Margari M, Cardinali A. Polyphenolic characterization of olive mill wastewaters, coming from Italian and Greek olive cultivars, after membrane technology. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Daâssi D, Lozano-Sánchez J, Borrás-Linares I, Belbahri L, Woodward S, Zouari-Mechichi H, Mechichi T, Nasri M, Segura-Carretero A. Olive oil mill wastewaters: phenolic content characterization during degradation by Coriolopsis gallica. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 113:62-70. [PMID: 25065791 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Olive mill wastewaters (OMW) pose a serious environmental concern owing to high polyphenol content. Decolorization and degradation of phenolic compounds (PC) by Coriolopsis gallica was demonstrated in our laboratory as a potential biotreatment of OMW in solid and liquid media. High performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to analyze the evolution of the main phenolic compounds during the C. gallica biodegradation process. Amongst total the compounds characterized in methanolic extracts of OMW, 12 were unknown, 15 were from different polyphenolic families, and 27 were other non-phenolic compounds. The evolution of PC content during the degradation process indicated that, despite the complexity of the OMW phenolic fraction, C. gallica was able to grow on OMW-based media using PC as sources of carbon and energy, particularly acids, alcohols, lignans and flavones. Complete dephenolization of OMW was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalel Daâssi
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de Soukra Km 4,5, BP 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jesus Lozano-Sánchez
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Isabel Borrás-Linares
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Lassaad Belbahri
- Laboratory of Soil Biology, University of Neuchatel, Rue Emile Argand 11, CH-2009 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Steve Woodward
- University of Aberdeen, Institute of Biological and Environmental Science, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Cruickshank Building, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland, UK
| | - Héla Zouari-Mechichi
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de Soukra Km 4,5, BP 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Tahar Mechichi
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de Soukra Km 4,5, BP 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Moncef Nasri
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de Soukra Km 4,5, BP 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain
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Cecchi L, Migliorini M, Cherubini C, Giusti M, Zanoni B, Innocenti M, Mulinacci N. Phenolic profiles, oil amount and sugar content during olive ripening of three typical Tuscan cultivars to detect the best harvesting time for oil production. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2013.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Rubio-Senent F, Lama-Muñoz A, Rodríguez-Gutiérrez G, Fernández-Bolaños J. Isolation and identification of phenolic glucosides from thermally treated olive oil byproducts. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:1235-1248. [PMID: 23323788 DOI: 10.1021/jf303772p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A liquid phase rich in bioactive compounds, such as phenols and sugars, is obtained from olive oil waste by novel thermal treatment. Two groups of fractions with common characteristics were obtained and studied after thermal treatment, acid hydrolysis, and separation by ultrafiltration, chromatography, and finally Superdex Peptide HR. In the first group, which eluted at the same time as oligosaccharides with a low DP (4-2), an oleosidic secoiridoid structure conjugated to a phenolic compound (hydroxytyrosol) was identified as oleuropeinic acid, and three possible structures were detected. In the second group, glucosyl structures formed by hydroxytyrosol and one, two, or three units of glucose or by tyrosol and glucose have been proposed. Verbascoside, a heterosidic ester of caffeic acid, in which hydroxytyrosol is linked to rhamnose-glucose or one of its isomers was also identified. Neutral oligosaccharides bound to a phenol-containing compound could be antioxidant-soluble fibers with bioactive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Rubio-Senent
- Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientı́ficas (CSIC) , Avenida Padre Garcı́a Tejero 4, Sevilla 41012, Spain
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Ferreira FM, Dinis LT, Azedo P, Galhano CI, Simões A, Cardoso SM, Rosário M, Domingues M, Pereira OR, Palmeira CM, Peixoto FP. Antioxidant capacity and toxicological evaluation ofPterospartum tridentatumflower extracts. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2011.590233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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